Relevant bibliographies by topics / Lease agreements

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Lease agreements'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Lease agreements"

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Burchart, Renata. "Deferred income tax on lease agreements." Ekonomiczne Problemy Usług 127 (2017): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/epu.2017.127-04.

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De Backer, Marjolein, and Alec Burnside. "Wet Lease Agreements and Competition Law." Air and Space Law 44, Issue 3 (June 1, 2019): 297–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/aila2019019.

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Wet leasing is widely used in the airline industry, particularly in Europe. For many years the only approvals required for such an arrangement were in relation to safety compliance. The authors highlight an important new development by which merger control has been applied to certain wet leasing arrangements. There have been two instances where competition authorities have investigated wet lease agreements under merger control rules. The first was the European Commission and the German Federal Cartel Office in relation to Lufthansa/Air Berlin, and more recently the UK Competition and Markets Authority in relation to Aer Lingus/CityJet. In each case the question arose whether the broad commercial context of the wet lease meant that the lessee was somehow taking over the market position of the lessor. The authors outline the reasoning of the authorities and explore the implications for wet leasing and competition law compliance moving forward.
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Vimpari, Jussi. "Pricing lease agreements incorporating tenant’s downscaling option." Journal of European Real Estate Research 11, no. 3 (November 5, 2018): 427–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jerer-01-2018-0003.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the problem that arises when a tenant’s space needs will likely change in the future, but the property owner would prefer to continue renting the initial space to the same tenant. The study builds upon ideas on structuring option values into initial rent and proposes a method for evaluating the value of adaptability for both the tenants and the owners.Design/methodology/approachThe methodology is based on real option pricing, and it includes key variables of building adaptability, lease agreement terms and property market information. The methodology explains the importance of understanding the concept of volatility related to space needs and how it affects the tenant’s decision to either remain or vacate the rented premises. Real option pricing theory highlights the problem of using linearly growing expectations for physical assets and the obvious problems that arise with that assumption.FindingsThis paper suggests that the principles of option pricing could be used in valuing building adaptability to find the optimal initial rent from both the owner’s and the tenant’s perspective. It is pointed that the volatility of the tenant’s future space requirements should drive the effective rent paid by the tenant. The paper argues as to why the owner is better off if the tenant can downscale (with building adaptability) their current space rather than vacate the whole space. Additionally, this paper presents the reasons for why the tenant should pay more for a space that has such a downscaling option. Eventually, both the owner and the tenant are better off because, from the tenant’s perspective, unnecessary relocating costs can be avoided, and from the owner’s perspective, unnecessary re-renting costs can be avoided.Practical implicationsThe paper demonstrates how the downscaling option creates value for both the owner and the tenant. The owner benefits from higher average occupancy rates, and during lease break points, only part of the premises has to be re-rented rather than the entire premises. When these higher occupancy rates are transferred into cash flows with relevant market parameters, it is evident how the rates create extra value for the property owner and for the tenant, subject to lease terms.Originality/valueThe owner benefits from the higher rent, even though there might be more lease break points where parts of the building must be rented out. If these kinds of option values can be communicated transparently, it should be possible for the owner and the tenant to agree on such terms.
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Rahman, Alfikhi Abdul. "Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Dengan Adanya Klausul Eksonerasi Dalam Perjanjian Baku Sewa Guna Usaha (Leasing)." Al Hurriyah : Jurnal Hukum Islam 5, no. 1 (July 14, 2020): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30983/alhurriyah.v5i1.3000.

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<p><em>The problems examined in this paper are: How is the material content of the exoneration clause in the lease standard agreement that causes losses for consumers of PT. Dipo Star Finance branch of Padang and how the judges consider in deciding the principal case of leasing based on Decision Number 4/Pdt.G/2017/PN.Pdg. In this study, the method used is normative juridical which is descriptive where the datas are sourced from primary and secondary data obtained based on the study of documents analyzed qualitatively. From this research, it can be concluded that at the time of making the finance lease agreement there is a will of disability regarding article 29 of the lease agreement and is an exoneration clause that is very detrimental to the consumer. Lesse does not know that collateral for other agreements is a guarantee of the object of the agreement that has paid off. Based on the judgment of the judge and the statement from the witness of the agreement law, article 29 of the lease agreement binds both parties based on the principle of pacta sunt servanda, but no statement or word is found which confirms that the guarantee for the agreement that has ended is a guarantee against other agreements, so that the guarantee becomes multi-interpretation. Article provisions relating to agreement one with other agreements in the agreement is very detrimental to consumers and contrary to article 10 letter (c) of Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection.</em></p>
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Mahendra, I. Putu Elvin, I. Made Suwitra, and I. Ketut Sukadana. "Perjanjian Sewa Menyewa Tanah Adat di Desa Serangan Denpasar Selatan." Jurnal Preferensi Hukum 1, no. 1 (July 27, 2020): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jph.1.1.2245.145-150.

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The position of the Customary Village as a customary legal alliance, has the authority and obligation to control, regulate and manage all the land belonging to the Customary Village within the Customary Village area as customary rights. In entering into an agreement to lease customary land with another party, Desa Adat has the right to land in terms of granting permits based on agreements made by both parties. Agreements that have been agreed should be accountable so as not to lead to defaults in the future. The method used in this research is the empirical method, by reviewing the statutory procedures that apply in making lease agreements for customary land and using a sociological problem approach to social law relating to legal norms both in legislation and in awig-awig. In PERDA Number 4 of 2019 concerning Customary Villages in Bali regulates the duties and authority of the Customary Villagers in maintaining the economy of the village, so that they are authorized to carry out legal actions (agreements) especially lease agreements for customary land provided they have fulfilled the requirements of the shah. An agreement can be regulated in article 1320 Civil Code. Whereas regarding the application of sanctions for parties who defaulted in the lease agreement on customary land, it was given to those who violated the agreement based on the agreement of the village paruman. Where the sanctions can be resolved based on positive law in Indonesia, namely through the judicial process.
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Rainey, Ronald L., Bruce L. Dixon, Lucas D. Parschy, Bruce L. Ahrendsen, and Ralph W. Bierlen. "Landlord Satisfaction with Arkansas Agricultural Land Agreements." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 35, no. 3 (December 2003): 543–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800028273.

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Landlord satisfaction levels with agricultural land-leasing agreements are examined with a 1998 sample of Arkansas landowners. Ordered probit models are estimated identifying which factors significantly affect satisfaction levels. Results indicate that the type of lease is not a significant determinant of landlord satisfaction levels. Proportion of landlord's income from leasing, tenant educational background, social capital variables, presence of irrigation equipment, and perceptions about the FAIR Act were found to significantly affect lease satisfaction in at least one of the three satisfaction models estimated. A comparison with an earlier study of Arkansas tenants indicates landlords have generally higher satisfaction levels.
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na jin choi. "Cultural Differences and the Willingness to Negotiate Lease Agreements." KOOKMIN LAW REVIEW 27, no. 3 (February 2015): 165–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17251/legal.2015.27.3.165.

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Ganc, Marzena, and Teresa Domańska. "Leasing jako forma finansowania majątku przedsiębiorstw rolniczych." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW - Ekonomika i Organizacja Gospodarki Żywnościowej, no. 113 (April 3, 2016): 185–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiogz.2016.113.15.

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The access to financing economic activity is one of the basic conditions of work and development of companies, including the agricultural ones. The availability of funds and conditions under which farmers can use them stimulate their ability to introduce new technological solutions. The aim of the study is to assess the extent of financing lease of investment in agricultural enterprises. The research was based on information which concerns clients of one of the leading leasing companies in Poland. The data comes from lease agreements signed between 2003 and 2010. The study involved clients who have signed at least one lease agreement within that period.
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Hodari, Demian, Panna Judit Balla, and Ramya Rajajagadeesan Aroul. "The Matter of Encumbrance: How Management Structure Affects Hotel Value." Cornell Hospitality Quarterly 58, no. 3 (January 30, 2017): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1938965516686116.

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Hotel owners have two fundamental concerns: the financial operating performance of their asset and its selling price. While they often contract a hotel management company to operate the hotel through a lease or management agreement, common industry perception holds that such encumbrance decreases the sales price of hotel real estate assets. This implies that owners who outsource the hotel’s management may be sacrificing a greater selling price in exchange for improved operating results. While this is a critical issue for investors given that a their returns are largely dependent on an asset’s appreciation, the impact of different management structures on the sales price of hotels has not previously been studied. A hedonic valuation model was constructed based on 442 past hotel transactions in the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2015. Hotels sold encumbered by hotel management agreements and lease agreements were found to sell at a premium compared with unencumbered properties. The impact across different geographic areas and different economic periods was also examined. Hotels under management agreement achieved the highest premiums during times of economic expansion while lease contracts did so in regional markets. The findings suggest that owners need not necessarily refrain from signing management agreements or leases out of concern for their detrimental effect on their hotel’s sales price. It also provides a strong additional selling point for management companies and should reassure lenders who prefer to underwrite loans for encumbered assets.
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Pryshliak, Kateryna. "THE LAND LEASE RELATIONS DEVELOPMENT." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 19(47) (December 17, 2020): 4–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2020-19(47)-4-11.

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The modern trend of land lease relations in agriculture, singled out the existing problems and ways to solve them. Genesis of the land lease relations development in the agrarian sector of the economy of Ukraine is studied. Сurrent trends in the agricultural sector are revealed. The general approaches to establishing leasing relations as an important component of land use are defined. The authors show that land lease is the main direction of land shares’ (pay) applied in Ukraine by owners, who have received certificates about the land transfer act. Tendencies of change in the rent value for agricultural lands, dynamics of forms of rent for land shares (pay) and subject structure of signed agreements on land shares (pay) lease, structure by contract duration of signed agreements on land shares (pay) lease in Ukraine are determined. The distribution of leases by subject composition and in terms of making. Revealed a gradual reduction in the number of contracts concluded for a period of 1-3 years and the increasing number of medium- and long-term lease. The existing trends in forms of rent calculation for land shares, namely, money, natural, the labor were defined. It was established that the natural form of payment remains dominant . The projected values of rent for land shares are calculated.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Lease agreements"

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Guedes, Gonçalo Miguel Carvalho. "Classificação das locações na McDonald´s Portugal : transição para a norma ASC 842, mudanças e impacto no relato financeiro." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19731.

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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais
A partir de 1 de janeiro de 2019, as novas normas contabilísticas relativas aos contratos de locação do IASB (IFRS 16) e do FASB (ASC 842) exigiram que praticamente todas as locações fossem reconhecidas no balanço, como ativo (direito de uso) e passivo (dever de pagamento), sendo previamente testados e classificados como operacionais ou financeiros. A Sistemas McDonald's Portugal, Lda., reporta com base em dois normativos: o local (SNC) e o americano (US GAAP). Como tal, foi obrigada a alterar a forma de contabilização dos seus contratos de locação neste último normativo. Este projeto teve como objetivo entender quais as principais alterações ao nível contabilístico e de processos, como consequência da adoção da norma ASC 842, bem como analisar o impacto da mesma nas demonstrações financeiras da empresa no primeiro semestre de 2019. A empresa teve a necessidade de ajustar os processos existentes para corresponder às exigências da nova norma. A aplicação desta norma teve um grande impacto quer no balanço, onde ocorreu um grande incremento do ativo e do passivo, quer na demonstração de resultados onde a empresa registou um gasto superior com as locações, ao contrário do que aconteceria se se regesse pelo normativo anterior. Também os rácios de Autonomia Financeira e Rentabilidade Operacional dos Ativos foram afetados negativamente.
Since January 1st 2019, the new accounting standards for lease agreements from IASB (IFRS 16) and FASB (ASC 842) required all leases to be recognized in the balance sheet as assets (right of use) and liabilities (payment obligation), being previously tested and classified as operational or financial. Sistemas McDonald's Portugal reports based on two accounting standards: local (SNC) and US (US GAAP). As such, it was required to change the way its lease agreements were accounted for in US book (US GAAP). This project aimed to understand the main accounting and process changes, as a result of the adoption of ASC 842, as well as to analyze its impact on the company's financial statements in the first half of 2019. The company had to adjust existing processes to meet the requirements of the new standard. This application had a great impact both on the balance sheet, where there was a large increase in assets and liabilities, and in the income statement where the company recorded a higher expense with leases than in the old standard. Also the Financial Autonomy and Operating Return on Assets ratios were negatively affected.
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Stenekamp, Marius Walter. "The impact of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008 and related legislation on typical lease agreements." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25108.

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The common law of lease sets out certain reciprocal rights and duties of lessors and lessees. It also provides for sui generis aspects such as the lessor’s hypothec and the protection of the lessee under the huur gaat voor koop rule. The relatively uncomplicated manner in which the common law has addressed specific issues pertaining to the law of lease has however been influenced by recent legislation that have an impact on various aspects of lease. The Rental Housing Act 50 of 1999 has entrenched parameters for the exercise of certain rights by the lessor and lessee and has introduced Rental Housing Tribunals to deal with unfair leasing practices. The Prevention of Illegal Eviction of and Unlawful Occupation of Land Act 19 of 1998 has radically impacted on the process that a lessor has to follow where he wishes to evict a lessee who remains in occupation of a leased premises after lawful termination of a lease agreement. Most recently the introduction of the Consumer Protection Act 68 of 2008, which came into full operation at the end of March 2011, appears to have a significant impact on the law of lease in those instances where the Act finds application to a lease agreement. In this regard it must be observed that the Consumer Protection Act impacts on a lease agreement that falls within its scope in two ways: on the one hand section 14 of the Act which regulates fixed term agreements may find specific application to a lease agreement that falls within the scope of application of the said section. On the other hand, there are certain ‘general’ provisions of the Act that will find application generally to lease agreements that fall within the scope of application of the Act , even if they do not fall within the specific scope of application of section 14. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate how the various pieces of legislation indicated herein , impact on the common law of lease . The main focus will eventually be the impact of the Consumer Protection Act as such impact still has to manifest in practice.It will thus be endeavoured to present a holistic view of the ‘changing face of the law of lease’ in South Africa.
Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Mercantile Law
unrestricted
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Dias, David Miguel Eugénio. "Impacto da introdução da IFRS 16 na informação financeira, compensação dos executivos e relatório de auditoria da Air Liquide S.A." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21024.

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Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças Empresariais
A International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 16 começou a ser aplicada nos períodos de relato anual iniciados a 1 de janeiro de 2019 ou posteriormente, alterando, a partir dessa data, a contabilização das locações, nomeadamente na ótica do locatário. As locações passaram a ser obrigatoriamente reconhecidas como ativos e passivos na demonstração da posição financeira, existindo somente duas exceções a esta obrigatoriedade. A Air Liquide S.A. é uma empresa cotada na bolsa de valores de Paris, cujo relato financeiro respeita as normas internacionais de contabilidade emitidas pelo International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), estando, assim, sujeita à aplicação da IFRS 16. O presente projeto surge, neste contexto, com o intuito de avaliar os impactos que a IFRS 16 induziu no relato financeiro da empresa, nos rácios financeiros, no relatório de auditoria e na política remuneratória dos executivos. Com a adoção da IFRS 16 existiram alterações substanciais na demonstração da posição financeira da Air Liquide S.A, ao passo que nas restantes demonstrações os impactos foram de menor amplitude, existindo, contudo, alterações notórias na classificação dos gastos. Decorrente das variações nas demonstrações financeiras, os rácios financeiros também sofreram alterações, sendo de destacar a diminuição no rácio de liquidez geral e nos rácios de rendibilidade. No que respeita ao relatório de auditoria, foi introduzida, em 2019, uma ênfase relacionada com o método de contabilização das locações efetuado segundo a IFRS 16, mantendo-se, no entanto, uma opinião limpa neste relatório.
International Financial Reporting Standard (IFRS) 16 began to be applied in the annual reporting periods beginning on January 1, 2019 or later, changing, from that date, the accounting for leases, namely from the lessee's perspective. Leases are now mandatorily recognized as assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position, with only two exceptions to this requirement. Air Liquide S.A. is a company listed on the Paris stock exchange, whose financial reporting follows the international accounting standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), and is therefore subject to the application of IFRS 16. This project arises, in this context, with the aim of to assess the impacts that IFRS 16 had on the company's financial reporting, financial ratios, audit report and executive compensation policy. With the adoption of IFRS 16, there were substantial changes in the statement of Air Liquide S.A.'s financial position, while in the remaining statements the impacts were of lesser magnitude, however, there were notable changes in the classification of expenses. As a result of changes in the financial statements, the financial ratios also changed, with emphasis on the decrease in the current ratio and in the profitability ratios. Regarding the audit report, in 2019, an emphasis was introduced related with the lease accounting method carried out in accordance with IFRS 16, maintaining, however, a clear opinion in this report.
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Крамаренко, О. М., О. М. Крамаренко, and O. Kramarenko. "Роль банківського кредитування у розвитку суднобудування в Україні." Diss., Одеський національний економічний університет, 2013. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/3991.

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Розглянуто проблеми посилення ролі банківського кредитування у розвитку українського суднобудування, задля відродження вітчизняного флоту та сприяння створення іміджу України як морської держави. Узагальнено основи банківського кредитування та особливостей його використання у суднобудуванні, а саме: уточнено сутність та принципи банківського кредитування реального сектора економіки його функції, специфіку банківського кредитування суднобудівних підприємств та її обумовленість особливостями галузі, уточнено загальний стан українського флоту та суднобудівної галузі України та їх роль в економіці країни, узагальнено та уточнено механізм формування банківського консорціуму задля кредитування суднобудівних підприємств. Досліджено використання вітчизняними банками позичкових та лізингових операцій які застосовуються ними у суднобудуванні, при цьому вказані операції розглядаються як альтернативні шляхи забезпечення галузі грошовими ресурсами. Встановлено наявність суттєвих переваг лізингу у порівнянні зі традиційним кредитуванням, як для лізингодавця (банку, або його дочірньої лізингової компанії) так і для лізингоотримувача (суднобудівного підприємства або судноплавної компанії). Розроблено пріоритетні напрями розвитку кредитних взаємовідносин банків з суднобудівною галуззю в Україні, які, насамперед, стосуються покращення державного регулювання банківського кредитування галузі. Запропоновано удосконалення методики створення та моніторингу банківського консорціуму, який передбачено утворити з метою відродження вітчизняного суднобудування. Вказана методика містить алгоритм етапного задоволення потенційного попиту суднобудівних підприємств на кредитні ресурси за допомогою виконання банківським консорціумом позичкових та лізингових операцій. Розроблено науково-методичні підходи задля вдосконалення лізингових операцій банківського консорціуму з підприємствами суднобудівної галузі, із зазначенням факторів зацікавленості банків щодо участі у вказаному консорціумі.
Исследованы проблемы усиления роли банковского кредитования в развитии украинского судостроения, что направлено на возрождение отечественного флота и формирование имиджа Украины как морской державы. Обобщены и расширены основы банковского кредитования и особенности его использования в судостроении. Для этого уточнены сущность и принципы банковского кредитования реального сектора экономики, а так же его функции. Кроме того, уточнена специфика банковского кредитования судостроительных предприятий и ее обусловленность особенностями отрасли, зависимость от предмета кредитования, а именно, от специфических характеристик производственной деятельности судостроительных предприятий, в т. ч. особенностей их денежного оборота. Обобщены современное состояние украинского флота и судостроительной отрасли Украины, ее роль в экономике страны. Расширен и углублен механизм формирования банковского консорциума для кредитного обеспечения судостроительных предприятий. Исследовано использование украинскими банками и их дочерними лизинговыми компаниями ссудных и лизинговых операций для обеспечения развития отечественных судостроительных предприятий. Для этого исследовано использование украинскими судостроительными предприятиями банковских кредитных ресурсов. Выполнен так же анализ использования отечественными банковскими учреждениями и их дочерними лизинговыми компаниями ссудных и лизинговых операций в судостроительной отрасли. При этом указанные операции рассматриваются как альтернативные пути обеспечения предприятий отрасли необходимыми им временными денежными ресурсами. Установлено наличие значительных преимуществ лизинга в сравнении с традиционным кредитованием как для лизингодателя (банка либо его дочерней лизинговой компании) так и для лизингополучателя (судостроительного предприятия или судоходной компании). Разработаны приоритетные направления развития кредитных взаимоотношений банков с судостроительными предприятиями в Украине. Предложены изменения экономико-правовых положений, которые направлены на улучшение государственного регулирования банковского кредитования отрасли. Усовершенствованна методика создания и мониторинга банковского консорциума, который предполагается сформировать с целью возрождения отечественного судостроения. Указанная методика содержит алгоритм поэтапного удовлетворения потенциального спроса украинских судостроительных предприятий на кредитные ресурсы за счет выполнения банковским консорциумом лизинговых и кредитных операций. Разработаны научно-методологические подходы для усовершенствования лизинговых операций банковского консорциума с предприятиями судостроительной отрасли, в т. ч. предусмотрены факторы заинтересованности банков для привлечения их к работе в консорциуме.
The problem of the role of bank lending in the development of Ukrainian shipbuilding, for recovery of the domestic fleet and promoting the creation of the image of Ukraine as a maritime state. Generalized basis of bank lending and features of its use in shipbuilding, namely the essence and principles of bank lending to the real economy its features, specific bank lending shipyards and its conditionality features field specifies the general condition of the Ukrainian fleet and the shipbuilding industry of Ukraine and their role in economy, summarized and clarified the mechanism of the formation of a consortium of banks for lending shipyards. Investigated the use of domestic banks lending and leasing them used in shipbuilding, and these operations are considered as alternative ways of providing financial resources industry. The presence of significant advantages of leasing compared to traditional credit for the lessor (the bank or its subsidiary leasing company) and for the lessee (shipyard or shipping company). A priority directions of development of credit relations between banks shipbuilding industry in Ukraine, which primarily relate to improving state regulation of bank lending sector. A method of improving the creation and monitoring of the banking consortium that provides form to revitalize the domestic shipbuilding. The specified method contains the algorithm phased meet potential demand shipyards for credit by executing bank consortium lending and leasing transactions. The scientific and methodological approaches to improving leasing bank consortium with companies shipbuilding industry, indicating the factors of interest of banks to participate in said consortium.
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5

Cubaynes, Camille. "La durée des contrats administratifs." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU10031.

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Si l’on perçoit intuitivement la durée, il est plus délicat d’en donner une définition. L’exercice devient plus périlleux encore lorsqu’il s’agit de définir la durée des contrats administratifs. Face aux interrogations que sa définition et sa délimitation soulèvent, l’étude de la réglementation, de la jurisprudence ou de la doctrine publiciste n’est que peu instructive. La diversité du vocabulaire employé traduit les imprécisions de la notion étudiée. Parce qu’elle représente une donnée essentielle du contrat, à la fois objet et source de nombreuses réglementations, la notion de durée des contrats administratifs doit être définie. Son étude révèle une appréhension parcellaire de la notion par le droit public. Celui-ci n’envisage que la durée d’existence du contrat, qui est une durée juridique et prévisionnelle. Elle traduit le prisme sous lequel le droit public s’intéresse à la durée du contrat : c’est un outil d’encadrement de la rémunération du titulaire et d’organisation de la remise en concurrence régulière du contrat. À côté de cette durée d’existence, coexiste une durée d’exécution qui a pour caractéristique d’être une durée opérationnelle constituée d’un agrégat de délais. Si ces deux durées coïncident parfois parfaitement – ce qui explique leur confusion – cela n’est pas systématique. Elles possèdent, en outre, des fonctions distinctes qui justifient leur différenciation. Parce qu’elles représentent cependant les deux facettes d’une même notion, l’unité du régime de la durée prédomine. En ce domaine, c’est un mouvement d’influences réciproques mais d’inégale importance qui s’opère. Le contrat conditionne la durée : il régit sa fixation et son évolution. Dans le même temps, la durée influe sur le contrat. Celle-ci est en effet la source d’application d’éléments de régime au contrat et justifie l’intégration de certaines clauses au sein des contrats où son volume est important
We can easily perceive the notion of duration. However, it is rather difficult to give it an exact definition. It becomes even more delicate when it comes to identify the duration of public contracts. Neither of the legal doctrine nor the legislation or case law are helpful in solving questions about both the definition and limit of a contract’s duration. The diversity of the legal vocabulary reveals the inaccuracy of this notion. However, the duration of public contracts has to be precisely identified as it is a crucial datum of any contract, as well as a source and the object of various existing rules. As far as the study of public contracts has lead us, we can only notice that the apprehension of their duration is fragmented. Public contract law exclusively develops one aspect of the duration, which represents the amount of time during which the contract stands. This shows how the notion of duration is analyzed: itis a sort of tool used in order to frame the contract holder’s wage, but also indicates when to use properly competitive procedures. It is correct to state that the duration identifies the period during which the contract stands, however, it covers another aspect, which we aim to expose here. The duration of contract also represents the amount of time during which the contract is fulfilled, or executed, which is composed by a sum of delays. These two aspects of duration may often coincide but this is not always the case. It must be noted that these two sides have different functions, which justifies why we study them separately. Nevertheless, the legal regime remains the same whether we talk about one aspect or another. At the end of this study, we can report mutual influences. The object of the contract conditions its very own duration as its clauses set its evolution through the execution. At the same time, the duration of the public contract conditions various elements of its regime, especially when the contract stands fora substantial period of time
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6

Veselková, Zdeňka. "Nájemní smlouvy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193371.

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The thesis deals with lease agreements. Thesis outlines the history of lease agreement, the influence of the new Civil Code on the law of contract and clarify the difference between lease, leasing and tenancy. Main chapter is devoted to an analysis of lease agreement for an apartment or house. The practical part of the thesis analyses selected issues and problems arising during negotiating of contract or during the lease.
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7

Limburská, Martina. "Leasingová smlouva v českém, slovenském a rakouském právu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150153.

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The aim of this thesis is to provide complex information on the characteristics of leasing, its cathegorisation and accounting issues including the comparison of leasing relationships outside of the Czech Republic, namely in Austria and in Slovakia. The work is divided into nine chapters, first three of them deal with general concept of leasing -- its history, various types and particularly with the legal framework of leasing in the applicable Czech legislation. The subsequent chapters focus on the lease agreement itself from the moment it comes to existence including the principal requirements of the agreement through changes that may occur during the existence of the agreement to its termination. The eighth chapter is intended to acquaint the reader with accounting of the lease transaction under the international financial reporting standards IFRS and to compare these accounting transactions with processes contained in the Czech accounting legislation. The last part of the work is based mainly on materials provided by IKB Leasing ČR s.r.o. and focuses on differences in the regulation of leasing relationship in Slovakia and Austria.
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8

Robertson, Kimberly C., and Carolynne M. Durant-Hall. "An analysis of the proposed land lease agreement between the Naval Postgraduate School and the City of Monterey, California." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6075.

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A constant in today's Department of Defense (DoD) is the push for installations to save money by privatizing and outsourcing service functions currently performed by Federal Government employees. As an alternative to privatization and outsourcing, installations are looking increasingly towards cooperative public-public and public-private partnerships to facilitate innovative cost saving initiatives. The success of current DoD partnering initiatives suggests that government's partnering with municipalities to reduce the cost of installation support services could produce substantial savings. This thesis examined the proposed land lease agreement between the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) and the City of Monterey as a means to reduce facilities operation and maintenance costs and provide capital improvements to facilities infrastructure at NPS, while also providing additional recreational facilities and maintenance responsibilities at competitive costs for the City of Monterey. The method of analysis included a literature review of business practices and industry publications associated with partnering initiatives, and semi-structured interviews conducted with 23 individuals from three primary stakeholder groups. Findings indicate that NPS and the City of Monterey could benefit from the proposed agreement in terms of cost savings, improved infrastructure, and recreational assets for the City. Implementation difficulties include substantial differences in terms of cost accounting practices, communication and decision-making structures, and corporate cultures.
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9

Руденко, О. В. "Правове регулювання оренди земель сільськогосподарського призначення." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/76885.

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Особливим різновидом права користування земельною ділянкою та однією з найбільш поширених правових форм використання землі в нинішніх умовах є оренда. Оренда землі – є підґрунтям ефективного розвитку сільського господарства, розв’язання соціальних проблем розвитку села, адаптації сільськогосподарських виробників до умов ринкової економіки. Недосконалість орендних відносин у вітчизняному сільському господарстві зумовлює поширення деструкції економічної поведінки, що зумовлює конфлікт між приватними й загальносуспільними інтересами у сфері землекористування, порушує систему стимулювання продуктивної праці на землі. Орендні відносини є важливою складовою економічного механізму, від якого залежать перспективи та результативність діяльності не лише сільськогосподарських товаровиробників, а усього аграрного сектору України.
Особой разновидностью права пользования земельным участком и одной из самых распространенных правовых форм использования земли в нынешних условиях является аренда. Аренда земли - является основой эффективного развития сельского хозяйства, решением социальных проблем развития села, адаптации сельскохозяйственных производителей к условиям рыночной экономики. Несовершенство арендных отношений в отечественном сельском хозяйстве предопределяет распространение деструкции экономического поведения, что приводит к конфликтам между частными и общественными интересами в сфере землепользования, нарушает систему стимулирования производительного труда на земле. Арендные отношения являются важной составляющей экономического механизма, от которого зависят перспективы и результативность деятельности не только сельскохозяйственных товаропроизводителей, а всего аграрного сектора Украины.
A special kind of land use right and one of the most common legal forms of land use in the current environment is rent. Land lease is the basis for efficient agricultural development, solving social problems of rural development, adaptation of agricultural producers to market economy conditions. The imperfection of lease relations in domestic agriculture causes the spread of degradation of economic behavior, which causes a conflict between private and public interests in land use, disrupts the system of stimulating productive labor on land. Lease relations are an important component of the economic mechanism, which depends on the prospects and performance of not only agricultural producers, but the entire agrarian sector of Ukraine.
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10

Руденко, О. В. "Правове регулювання оренди земель сільськогосподарського призначення." Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77076.

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Особливим різновидом права користування земельною ділянкою та однією з найбільш поширених правових форм використання землі в нинішніх умовах є оренда. Оренда землі – є підґрунтям ефективного розвитку сільського господарства, розв’язання соціальних проблем розвитку села, адаптації сільськогосподарських виробників до умов ринкової економіки. Недосконалість орендних відносин у вітчизняному сільському господарстві зумовлює поширення деструкції економічної поведінки, що зумовлює конфлікт між приватними й загальносуспільними інтересами у сфері землекористування, порушує систему стимулювання продуктивної праці на землі. Орендні відносини є важливою складовою економічного механізму, від якого залежать перспективи та результативність діяльності не лише сільськогосподарських товаровиробників, а усього аграрного сектору України.
Особой разновидностью права пользования земельным участком и одной из самых распространенных правовых форм использования земли в нынешних условиях является аренда. Аренда земли - является основой эффективного развития сельского хозяйства, решение социальных проблем развития села, адаптации сельскохозяйственных производителей к условиям рыночной экономики. Несовершенство арендных отношений в отечественном сельском хозяйстве предопределяет распространение деструкции экономического поведения, что приводит конфликт между частными и общественных интересов в сфере землепользования, нарушает систему стимулирования производительного труда на земле. Арендные отношения являются важной составляющей экономического механизма, от которого зависят перспективы и результативность деятельности не только сельскохозяйственных товаропроизводителей, а всего аграрного сектора Украины.
A special kind of land use right and one of the most common legal forms of land use in the current environment is rent. Land lease is the basis for efficient agricultural development, solving social problems of rural development, adaptation of agricultural producers to market economy conditions. The imperfection of lease relations in domestic agriculture causes the spread of degradation of economic behavior, which causes a conflict between private and public interests in land use, disrupts the system of stimulating productive labor on land. Lease relations are an important component of the economic mechanism, which depends on the prospects and performance of not only agricultural producers, but the entire agrarian sector of Ukraine.
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Books on the topic "Lease agreements"

1

Hemsley, Sidney D. Leases and lease purchase agreements, some basic considerations. Knoxville, Tenn. (891 20th St., Knoxville 37996-4400): Municipal Technical Advisory Service, University of Tennessee, in cooperation with the Tennessee Municipal League, 1985.

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Messina, John A. California commercial lease option purchase agreements line by line: A detailed look at California commercial lease option purchase agreements and how to change them to meet your needs. [Boston, Mass.]: Aspatore, 2009.

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International, Building Owners and Managers Association. Telecommunications guide: Model license agreement language and lease language. Washington, D.C: Building Owners and Managers Association International, 1995.

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Finance, Virginia Secretary of. Capital lease agreements: To the Governor and the General Assembly of Virginia. Richmond, Va: Commonwealth of Virginia, 2007.

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California. Legislature. Senate. Select Committee on Mobile and Manufactured Homes. Transcript and report of hearings on mobilehome park rental agreements and lease problems. Sacramento, CA: Senate Publications, 1999.

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San Francisco (Calif.). Board of Supervisors. Budget Analyst. Proposed amendments to Candlestick Park lease and amendments to related agreements with the San Francisco Giants. San Francisco, Calif: The Analyst, 1992.

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E, Warner Ralph, ed. Leases & rental agreements. Berkeley, Calif: Nolo Press, 1996.

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Jake), Warner Ralph (Ralph, and Portman Janet, eds. Leases & rental agreements. 9th ed. Berkeley, Calif: Nolo, 2011.

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E, Warner Ralph, and Portman Janet, eds. Leases & rental agreements. 6th ed. Berkeley, CA: Nolo, 2005.

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Janet, Portman, and Warner Ralph E, eds. Leases & rental agreements. 2nd ed. Berkeley: Nolo Press, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Lease agreements"

1

Richrath, Borris, and Hans-Gert Bovelett. "Lease Agreements." In Real Estate Investments in Germany, 177–209. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-19100-8_8.

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Freedman, Philip, and Eric F. Shapiro. "Agreements, Court Orders and Tenant’s Option to Vacate." In Commercial Lease Renewals, 100–104. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13335-2_8.

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Voelker, Robert H. "Purchase and Sale Agreements, Contribution Agreements and Options to Ground Lease." In Managing the Complexities of Real Estate Development, 29–34. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003264514-8.

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Brieden, Andreas, and Peter Gritzmann. "A Quadratic Optimization Model for the Consolidation of Farmland by Means of Lend-Lease Agreements." In Operations Research Proceedings, 324–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17022-5_42.

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Melchior, Arne. "Tariffs: The Most and the Least Favoured Nations." In Free Trade Agreements and Globalisation, 49–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92834-0_4.

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Jinji, Naoto, Xingyuan Zhang, and Shoji Haruna. "Conclusion and Policy Implications." In Advances in Japanese Business and Economics, 145–59. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5210-3_8.

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AbstractAfter about a quarter century of countries having pursued deep regional integration through negotiating on deep regional trade agreements (RTAs), we observed a number of historical events that symbolize the curbing of the trend of globalization in 2016. On June 24, 2016, the people of the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union (EU) in a referendum. On November 8, 2016, Mr. Donald Trump, who proposed the “America First” policy and a number of protectionist policies, such as the withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement and the construction of a substantial wall on the United States–Mexico border, during his presidential campaign, won the US presidential election.
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Deroos, Jan A. "Gaining Maximum Benefit from Franchise Agreements, Management Contracts, and Leases." In The Cornell School of Hotel Administration on Hospitality, 293–308. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119200901.ch19.

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Voelker, Robert H. "Letters of Intent, Purchase Contracts, Ground Leases and Contribution Agreements." In Managing the Complexities of Real Estate Development, 13–24. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003264514-5.

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Watal, Jayashree, and Leticia Caminero. "Least-Developed Countries, Transfer of Technology and the TRIPS Agreement." In Intellectual Property and Development: Understanding the Interfaces, 199–228. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2856-5_10.

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Migliavacca, Alessandro, Luigi Puddu, Luisa Tibiletti, and Mariacristina Uberti. "An Integrated Financial and Accounting Approach to Outstanding Debt Assessment for Lease Agreement." In Country Experiences in Economic Development, Management and Entrepreneurship, 609–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46319-3_37.

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Conference papers on the topic "Lease agreements"

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Migliavacca, Alessandro. "DEBT, DAMAGE AND PENALTY IN THE LEASE AGREEMENTS: AN ACCOUNTING DRIVEN FINANCIAL CALCULATION." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/13/s03.028.

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Kaspar, Billy Hutomo, and Mella Ismelina Farma Rahayu. "Legal Perspective of the Role of Notary in Legalizing Underhand Lease Agreements in Indonesia." In 3rd Tarumanagara International Conference on the Applications of Social Sciences and Humanities (TICASH 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220404.154.

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Langit, Shyntanulloh Septi Songgo, Wardah Yuspin, Aristya Windiana Pamuncak, and Arief Budiono. "Juridical Overview of Under Hand Lease Agreement." In International Conference on Community Empowerment and Engagement (ICCEE 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220501.033.

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Скворцова, Татьяна Александровна, and Ростислав Андреевич Кравец. "ON THE ISSUE OF THE ESSENCE OF LEASE RELATIONS AND THE RIGHT TO LEASE UNDER A VEHICLE LEASE AGREEMENT." In Сборник избранных статей по материалам научных конференций ГНИИ «Нацразвитие» (Санкт-Петербург, Апрель 2021). Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/apr315.2021.64.38.003.

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Статья посвящена рассмотрению сущности отношений по договору аренды транспортного средства. Охарактеризован договор аренды транспортного средства как разновидность аренды. Проанализирована правовая природа арендных отношений. Исследована сущность права аренды. The article is devoted to the consideration of the essence of relations under the vehicle lease agreement. The vehicle lease agreement is characterized as a type of lease. The legal nature of lease relations is analyzed. The essence of the lease right is investigated.
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Mitroi, Cristian. "Conditions of Validity of the Lease Agreement and its Possibility in the Case of the Arrangement." In International Conference Globalization, Innovation and Development. Trends and Prospects (G.I.D.T.P.). LUMEN Publishing House, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gidtp2018/32.

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Zoon, R. B. "The P/12 Compression Operating Lease Agreement: A Tailored and Flexible Approach to Capital Equipment Financing." In Offshore Europe. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/26759-ms.

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Seba, H., F. Tigrine, and H. Kheddouci. "A tree-based group key agreement scheme for secure multicast increasing efficiency of rekeying in leave operation." In 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscc.2009.5202229.

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Kovač, Rade, and Namik Čolaković. "Impact of the Application of Collective Agreements on the Financial Situation of Public Healthcare Institutions in the FBiH." In 7th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2021.235.

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The signing of collective agreements in the healthcare sector at the cantonal level in the FBiH has to increase funds for employees’ salaries in line with legal provisions as well as provisions of the collective agreements. The increase in salary allocations at the level of healthcare institutions, as a result of the application of collective agreements which was not accompa­nied by an adequate increase in revenue, could leave healthcare institutions in a difficult financial position. This paper focuses on assessing the financial impact of the application of healthcare collective agreements on the work of public institutions operating within the FBiH healthcare system. The primary aim of this research is to highlight the need for coordination and coopera­tion among all institutions of the system when entering into collective agree­ments with citizens. Lack of coordination may result in financial difficulties for public institutions when applying the collective agreements, which will be explained using the case of one public healthcare institution operating as part of the healthcare system in one of the cantons in the FBiH.
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Condro, Marsella, and Mella Ismelina Farma Rahayu. "The Legal Consequences of Default in the Oral Lease Agreement based on Indonesia Private Law (Decision Study of Supreme Court No. 2368K/Pdt/2019)." In 3rd Tarumanagara International Conference on the Applications of Social Sciences and Humanities (TICASH 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.220404.127.

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Natarajan, Logesh Kumar, and Sean F. Wu. "Reconstruction of Vibro-Acoustic Responses of a Baffled Plate Using Helmholtz Equation Least Squares Method." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-13201.

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Vibro-acoustic responses of a vibrating rectangular plate were reconstructed using Helmholtz Equation Least Squares (HELS) method. The experiments were conducted on baffled rectangular plates of different aspect ratios with free as well as clamped boundary conditions under point force excitations via random and chirp sine signals. The radiated acoustic pressures were measured using a planar array of microphones at a very close distance to the plate surface, and taken as input to the HELS codes. The normal surface velocity distributions were reconstructed using HELS and compared against the benchmark data obtained using a laser vibrometer. Good agreements were obtained for both free and clamped boundary conditions. Finally, theoretical structural modes of the plate were compared against those obtained by HELS reconstruction and experimental modal analysis (EMA) for establishing their effectiveness in identifying closely coupled modes.
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Reports on the topic "Lease agreements"

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Rusk, Todd, Ryan Siegel, Linda Larsen, Tim Lindsey, and Brian Deal. Technical and Financial Feasibility Study for Installation of Solar Panels at IDOT-owned Facilities. Illinois Center for Transportation, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-024.

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The Smart Energy Design Assistance Center assessed the administrative, technical, and economic aspects of feasibility related to the procurement and installation of photovoltaic solar systems on IDOT-owned buildings and lands. To address administrative feasibility, we explored three main ways in which IDOT could procure solar projects: power purchase agreement (PPA), direct purchase, and land lease development. Of the three methods, PPA and direct purchase are most applicable for IDOT. While solar development is not free of obstacles for IDOT, it is administratively feasible, and regulatory hurdles can be adequately met given suitable planning and implementation. To evaluate IDOT assets for solar feasibility, more than 1,000 IDOT sites were screened and narrowed using spatial analytic tools. A stakeholder feedback process was used to select five case study sites that allowed for a range of solar development types, from large utility-scale projects to small rooftop systems. To evaluate financial feasibility, discussions with developers and datapoints from the literature were used to create financial models. A large solar project request by IDOT can be expected to generate considerable attention from developers and potentially attractive PPA pricing that would generate immediate cash flow savings for IDOT. Procurement partnerships with other state agencies will create opportunities for even larger projects with better pricing. However, in the near term, it may be difficult for IDOT to identify small rooftop or other small on-site solar projects that are financially feasible. This project identified two especially promising solar sites so that IDOT can evaluate other solar site development opportunities in the future. This project also developed a web-based decision-support tool so IDOT can identify potential sites and develop preliminary indications of feasibility. We recommend that IDOT begin the process of developing at least one of their large sites to support solar electric power generation.
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Russo, Margherita, Fabrizio Alboni, Jorge Carreto Sanginés, Manlio De Domenico, Giuseppe Mangioni, Simone Righi, and Annamaria Simonazzi. The Changing Shape of the World Automobile Industry: A Multilayer Network Analysis of International Trade in Components and Parts. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp173.

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In 2018, after 25 years of the North America Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the United States requested new rules which, among other requirements, increased the regional con-tent in the production of automotive components and parts traded between the three part-ner countries, United States, Canada and Mexico. Signed by all three countries, the new trade agreement, USMCA, is to go into force in 2022. Nonetheless, after the 2020 Presi-dential election, the new treaty's future is under discussion, and its impact on the automo-tive industry is not entirely defined. Another significant shift in this industry – the acceler-ated rise of electric vehicles – also occurred in 2020: while the COVID-19 pandemic largely halted most plants in the automotive value chain all over the world, at the reopen-ing, the tide is now running against internal combustion engine vehicles, at least in the an-nouncements and in some large investments planned in Europe, Asia and the US. The definition of the pre-pandemic situation is a very helpful starting point for the analysis of the possible repercussions of the technological and geo-political transition, which has been accelerated by the epidemic, on geographical clusters and sectorial special-isations of the main regions and countries. This paper analyses the trade networks emerg-ing in the past 25 years in a new analytical framework. In the economic literature on inter-national trade, the study of the automotive global value chains has been addressed by us-ing network analysis, focusing on the centrality of geographical regions and countries while largely overlooking the contribution of countries' bilateral trading in components and parts as structuring forces of the subnetwork of countries and their specific position in the overall trade network. The paper focuses on such subnetworks as meso-level structures emerging in trade network over the last 25 years. Using the Infomap multilayer clustering algorithm, we are able to identify clusters of countries and their specific trades in the automotive internation-al trade network and to highlight the relative importance of each cluster, the interconnec-tions between them, and the contribution of countries and of components and parts in the clusters. We draw the data from the UN Comtrade database of directed export and import flows of 30 automotive components and parts among 42 countries (accounting for 98% of world trade flows of those items). The paper highlights the changes that occurred over 25 years in the geography of the trade relations, with particular with regard to denser and more hierarchical network gener-ated by Germany’s trade relations within EU countries and by the US preferential trade agreements with Canada and Mexico, and the upsurge of China. With a similar overall va-riety of traded components and parts within the main clusters (dominated respectively by Germany, US and Japan-China), the Infomap multilayer analysis singles out which com-ponents and parts determined the relative positions of countries in the various clusters and the changes over time in the relative positions of countries and their specialisations in mul-tilateral trades. Connections between clusters increase over time, while the relative im-portance of the main clusters and of some individual countries change significantly. The focus on US and Mexico and on Germany and Central Eastern European countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia) will drive the comparative analysis.
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Tauli-Corpuz, Victoria, Janis Alcorn, and Augusta Molnar. Cornered by Protected Areas: Replacing ‘Fortress’ Conservation with Rights-based Approaches Helps Bring Justice for Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities, Reduces Conflict, and Enables Cost-effective Conservation and Climate Action. Rights and Resources Initiative, June 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.53892/exqc6889.

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Faced with growing environmental threats, governments and the international community have sought ways to halt biodiversity loss and ecosystem degradation and realize global climate and development priorities. Today, expanding the global network of protected areas is a key approach for achieving the goals of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and the Paris Agreement on climate change. But human pressure is increasing in and around protected areas, and far from improving the lives of those affected by the growing number of conservation initiatives, land and forest sequestration through “fortress” conservation approaches is creating chronic patterns of abuse and human-rights violations. In a context where many protected areas are underfunded and therefore limited in their capacity to deliver climate or biodiversity outcomes, the push for still more and even larger parks and conservation areas only stands to exacerbate the existing funding gap and the potential for injustice. Yet, despite widespread poverty and insecure resource rights, evidence shows that Indigenous Peoples and local communities are nevertheless spending their limited resources on conservation efforts and achieving outcomes that are at least equivalent to those of government-funded protected areas. As this brief shows, there is an urgent need to replace the fortress-conservation model with rights-based approaches to both improve conservation outcomes and end human-rights abuses committed in the name of conservation.
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Nagabhatla, Nidhi, Panthea Pouramin, Rupal Brahmbhatt, Cameron Fioret, Talia Glickman, K. Bruce Newbold, and Vladimir Smakhtin. Migration and Water: A Global Overview. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/lkzr3535.

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Global migration has been increasing since the 1990s. People are forced to leave their homes in search of safety, a better livelihood, or for more economic opportunities. Environmental drivers of migration, such as land degradation, water pollution, or changing climate, are acting as stronger phenomena with time. As millions of people are exposed to multiple water crises, daily needs related to water quality, lack of provisioning, excess or shortage of water become vital for survival as well for livelihood support. In turn, the crisis can transform into conflict and act as a trigger for migration, both voluntary and forced, depending on the conditions. Current interventions related to migration, including funding to manage migration remain focused on response mechanisms, whereas an understanding of drivers or so-called ‘push factors’ of migration is limited. Accurate and well-documented evidence, as well as quantitative information on these phenomena, are either missing or under-reflected in the literature and policy discourse. The report aims to start unpacking relationships between water and migration. The data used in this Report are collected from available public sources and reviewed in the context of water and climate. A three-dimensional (3D) framework is outlined for water-related migration assessment. The framework may be useful to aggerate water-related causes and consequences of migration and interpret them in various socioecological, socioeconomic, and sociopolitical settings. A case study approach is adopted to illustrate the various applications of the framework to dynamics of migration in various geographic and hydrological scenarios. The case studies reflect on well-known examples of environmental and water degradation, but with a focus on displacement /migration and socioeconomic challenges that apply. The relevance of proxy measures such as the Global Conflict Risk Index, which helps quantify water and migration interconnections, is discussed in relation to geographic, political, environmental, and economic parameters. The narratives presented in the Report also point to the existing governance mechanisms on migration, stating that they are fragmented. The report examines global agreements, institutions, and policies on migration to provide an aggerated outlook as to how international and inter-agency cooperation agreements and policies either reflected or are missing on water and climate crises as direct or indirect triggers to migration. Concerning this, the new directives related to migration governance, i.e., the New York Declaration and the Global Compact for Migration, are discussed. The Report recommends an enhanced focus on migration as an adaptation strategy to maximize the interconnectedness with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It calls for the migration discourse to look beyond from a preventative and problematic approach to a perspective emphasizing migration as a contributor towards achieving sustainable development, particularly SDGs 5, 6, 13, and 16 that aim strengthening capacities related to water, gender, climate, and institutions. Overall, the synthesis offers a global overview of water and migration for researchers and professionals engaged in migration-related work. For international agencies and government organizations and policymakers dealing with the assessment of and response to migration, the report aims to support the work on migration assessment and the implementation of the SDGs. The Report may serve as a public good towards understanding the drivers, impacts, and challenges of migration, for designing long-term solutions and for advancing migration management capabilities through improved knowledge and a pitch for consensus-building.
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Qi, Yan, Ryan Fries, Shambhu Saran Baral, and Pranesh Biswas. Evaluating the Costs and Benefits of Snow Fences in Illinois: Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/20-020.

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Serving as a windbreak, properly sited and designed snow fences have been proven effective in mitigating the negative impacts of blowing snow. To achieve the best snow-control effects, the ideal locations for snow fences are usually outside the roadway right-of-way. Few efforts have been made to examine the economic efficiency of snow fences and explore ways to reward private landowners. The objective of this project was to develop methodologies for evaluation of the costs and benefits of snow fences in Illinois and identify ways to encourage private landowners’ participation in the snow fence program while keeping it cost-effective. The researchers conducted a literature review as well as agency and landowner surveys. They also acquired crash data, snow fence and blowing snow segment inventory data, and blowing snow removal expenditure data as well as performed benefit-cost analyses of three types of snow fences following Federal Highway Administration guides. The survey results suggested that standing corn rows (SCRs) and structural snow fences (SSFs) were the least intrusive options for landowners and living snow fences (LSFs) with trees were the most intrusive. Some concerns related to LSFs could be reduced by allowing landowners to play a role in the design and plant-selection process. The crash data indicated that no fatal and severe crashes occurred at snow fence segments, while several fatal and severe crashes occurred at blowing snow segments during 2012–2016. The results of the benefit-cost analyses showed that the benefit-cost ratios for LSFs and SSFs are comparable. However, LSFs are favorable over SSFs because little maintenance is needed after the plants are mature. Although SCRs have the highest benefit-cost ratio, the need to renew the agency-landowner agreement annually and the alternating of crops planted may limit their snow-control effectiveness and large-scale implementation. A tool was developed using MS Excel to facilitate the benefit-cost analysis of snow fences.
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Manufacturing USA Institute Evaluation: Renewal Process and Performance Standards. National Institute of Standards and Technology, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ams.600-8.

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The Manufacturing USA Program’s 2019 reauthorization allows the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to renew Manufacturing USA institute support, subject to a “rigorous merit review.” Following an initial five to seven-year cooperative agreement in which federal support must be cost-matched by at least a 1:1 match of non-federal co-investment over the performance period of the award, NIST-funded institutes are now eligible to apply for renewal of their support. This document describes the institute renewal process, with a focus on the performance standards for the merit review.
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