Relevant bibliographies by topics / Leatherback turtle Leatherback turtle Sea turtles

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Academic literature on the topic 'Leatherback turtle Leatherback turtle Sea turtles'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Leatherback turtle Leatherback turtle Sea turtles"

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Báez, José C., David Macías, Salvador García-Barcelona, and Raimundo Real. "Interannual Differences for Sea Turtles Bycatch in Spanish Longliners from Western Mediterranean Sea." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/861396.

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Recent studies showed that regional abundance of loggerhead and leatherback turtles could oscillate interannually according to oceanographic and climatic conditions. The Western Mediterranean is an important fishing area for the Spanish drifting longline fleet, which mainly targets swordfish, bluefin tuna, and albacore. Due to the spatial overlapping in fishing activity and turtle distribution, there is an increasing sea turtle conservation concern. The main goal of this study is to analyse the interannual bycatch of loggerhead and leatherback turtles by the Spanish Mediterranean longline fishery and to test the relationship between the total turtle by-catch of this fishery and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). During the 14 years covered in this study, the number of sea turtle bycatches was 3,940 loggerhead turtles and 8 leatherback turtles, 0.499 loggerhead turtles/1000 hooks and 0.001014 leatherback turtles/1000 hooks. In the case of the loggerhead turtle the positive phase of the NAO favours an increase of loggerhead turtles in the Western Mediterranean Sea. However, in the case of leatherback turtle the negative phase of the NAO favours the presence of leatherback turtle. This contraposition could be related to the different ecophysiological response of both species during their migration cycle.
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Belmahi, Alae Eddine, Youcef Belmahi, Mouloud Benabdi, Amaria Latefa Bouziani, Samira Ait Darna, Yahia Bouslah, Mohamed Bendoula, and Mohamed Bouderbala. "First study of sea turtle strandings in Algeria (western Mediterranean) and associated threats: 2016–2017." Herpetozoa 33 (May 28, 2020): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.33.e48541.

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Between December 2015 and December 2017 a total of 63 sea turtles were recorded as being stranded along the Algerian coast. The loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta was the most commonly stranded species (n = 44) (69.8%), followed by the leatherback Dermochelys coriacea (n = 18) (28.6%) and the green turtle Chelonia mydas (n = 1). There was a slight dominance of the adult size class for stranded loggerhead turtles, while, for the leatherback, late juveniles and adults prevailed. Most loggerhead turtles stranded during the summer months (July and August), whereas most leatherbacks stranded during winter. The breakdown of the strandings by region shows a slight dominance along the western and central shores for C. caretta and a clear dominance in the west for D. coriacea. The primary cause of death was determined in 50.8% of the stranded turtles. Regarding the evidence of interactions with humans the major cause of stranding in loggerhead turtles was incidental catch by artisanal fisheries, followed by boats’ collisions. The main causes of leatherback strandings were boats’ collisions. Algerian data show that human activities affect loggerhead turtles and also prove a significant presence of the leatherback turtle on this coast.
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Robinson, Nathan J., Eric A. Lazo-Wasem, Frank V. Paladino, John D. Zardus, and Theodora Pinou. "Assortative epibiosis of leatherback, olive ridley and green sea turtles in the Eastern Tropical Pacific." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, no. 6 (May 19, 2016): 1233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315416000734.

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Sea turtles host a diverse array of epibionts, yet it is not well understood what factors influence epibiont community composition. To test whether epibiont communities of sea turtles are influenced by the hosts’ nesting or foraging habitats, we characterized the epibiota of leatherback, olive ridley and green turtles nesting at a single location on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. We also compared the epibiota of these turtles to conspecific populations nesting elsewhere in the East Pacific. If epibiont communities are influenced by nesting habitats, we predicted that sympatrically nesting turtles would have comparable epibiont taxa. Alternatively, if epibiont communities are influenced by foraging habitats, we predicted the diversity of epibiont taxa should reflect the type and diversity of the hosts’ foraging habitats. We identified 18 epibiont taxa from 18 leatherback, 19 olive ridley and six green turtles. Epibiont diversity was low on leatherbacks (four taxa), but higher for olive ridley and green turtles (12 and nine epibiont taxa respectively). The epibiont communities of olive ridley and green turtles were not statistically different, but both were different from leatherbacks. In addition, conspecific sea turtles from other nesting locations hosted more similar epibiont communities than sympatrically nesting, non-conspecifics. We conclude that epibiont diversity of nesting sea turtles is partially linked to the diversity of their foraging habitats. We also conclude that the surface properties of the skin and carapace of these turtles may contribute to the uniqueness of leatherback turtle epibiont communities and the similarities between olive ridley and green turtle epibiont communities.
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Godfrey, Matthew H., N. Mrosovsky, and R. Barreto. "Estimating past and present sex ratios of sea turtles in Suriname." Canadian Journal of Zoology 74, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z96-033.

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Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) and green (Chelonia mydas) sea turtles in Suriname lay eggs over several months of the year. During this nesting season, changes in rainfall produce changes in sand temperature, which in turn influence the sexual differentiation of incubating sea turtle embryos. The overall sex ratio of leatherback and green sea turtle hatchlings produced at Matapica beach in Suriname was investigated. Estimates of the sex ratios of these turtles in 1993 (green turtles 63.8% female, leatherbacks 69.4% female) were roughly 10% more female-biased than those from an earlier study in 1982. For both species, a significant negative relationship was found between monthly rainfall and monthly sex ratios. Using this relationship and data on rainfall in the past, it was possible to estimate overall sex ratios for an additional 12 years. These estimates varied considerably among different years, ranging from 20 to 90% female in the case of green turtles. Nevertheless, males tended to be produced primarily in April and May, while some females were produced in all months. Such seasonal patterns of production of turtles of different sexes have implications for sea turtle conservation programs that involve manipulating or harvesting eggs.
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Weir, Caroline R., Tamar Ron, Miguel Morais, and Agostinho Domingos C. Duarte. "Nesting and at-sea distribution of marine turtles in Angola, West Africa, 2000–2006: occurrence, threats and conservation implications." Oryx 41, no. 2 (April 2007): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003060530700186x.

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AbstractThe status of marine turtles in Angola, West Africa, is poorly known, and therefore during 2000–2006 a combination of both dedicated and opportunistic beach and at-sea turtle surveys were carried out, and interviews conducted with fishing communities and at markets. Green Chelonia mydas, olive ridley Lepidochelys olivacea, leatherback Dermochelys coriacea and loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta were recorded, and nesting of the first three species confirmed during September–March (peaking November–December). Green turtles nested mainly in the south, leatherback turtles in north and central Angola, and olive ridley turtle nesting was widespread. Olive ridley turtle nest density at Palmeirinhas averaged 32 nests km−1. At-sea surveys produced 298 turtle records, with peak occurrence during August. Significant anthropogenic-related mortality (including exploitation of meat and eggs and fishing bycatch) was recorded, in addition to natural predation and other threats. Maintenance of the long-term sustainability of these turtle populations should focus on the involvement of fishing communities and increasing awareness throughout Angola.
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James, Michael C., and N. Mrosovsky. "Body temperatures of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) in temperate waters off Nova Scotia, Canada." Canadian Journal of Zoology 82, no. 8 (August 1, 2004): 1302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z04-110.

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The leatherback sea turtle, Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761), has the most extensive range of any reptile, migrating from tropical and subtropical nesting areas to distant foraging habitats, including those in temperate and even boreal waters. This implies flexible thermal functioning. It has been inferred that leatherbacks support active foraging by keeping warm in cold water, rather than becoming lethargic as other marine turtles do. However, data consistent with this view have come from captive turtles in unnatural and stressful conditions. In the present case, foraging leatherbacks were captured at sea off Nova Scotia and their body temperature recorded within 10 min, before such large animals could change their body temperatures appreciably. Mean excess temperature over that of the sea surface (15.0–16.7 °C) averaged 8.2 °C. These results attest to, but underestimate, the capacity of free-swimming leatherbacks to keep warm in northern waters, as data from another turtle that was instrumented to record ocean temperature while diving revealed that leatherbacks foraging in this area at the same time of year may spend 40% of their time diving to waters cooler than the surface.
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Murphy, Colm. "Effects of deep diving on the trachea of the leatherback turtle." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2010 (January 1, 2010): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2010.27.

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This work is concerned with the effects of deep sea diving on the trachea (airway passage) of the leatherback turtle. Leatherback turtles are capable of diving to depths greater than 1,200 meters. Humans, in comparison, may only reach depths of around 30 meters unaided. It is believed that the response of the trachea along with its material properties plays a leading role in determining the depth that can be attained during a dive. The long term objective of this research is to investigate the response of the trachea of the leatherback turtle during deep dives (300-1250m). Questions remain as to the material properties from which the trachea is composed of and how exactly does the trachea respond as it undergoes a deep dive. Answering these questions will help not only to build a complete understanding of the leatherback’s ability to dive to depths greater than 1,000m, but will also inform ...
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Lutcavage, Molly E., Peter G. Bushnell, and David R. Jones. "Oxygen stores and aerobic metabolism in the leatherback sea turtle." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-051.

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The leatherback sea turtle, Dermochelys coriacea, is a large, deep-diving species that has a blood oxygen carrying capacity twice that of smaller, shallow-diving sea turtles. In this study we measured lung volume (by argon dilution) and blood volume (by dilution of Evans' blue dye) in leatherbacks to estimate partitioning of oxygen stores and their potential contribution to aerobic metabolism during diving. Blood volume (77 mL∙kg−1) was slightly higher, yet lung volume was considerably smaller (64 mL∙kg−1), than in other sea turtles, so that potential oxygen stores were almost equally divided between the lung (12 mL∙kg−1) and the blood and tissues (15 mL∙kg−1). At a body temperature of 32–34 °C and high heart rates (43–48/min), oxygen consumption of beached and netted leatherbacks was 1.1 mL∙min−1∙kg−1. The respiratory quotient exceeded unity, suggesting that the turtles were repaying an oxygen debt incurred in the netting procedure. Estimates of the probable utilization of oxygen stores and possible maximum and minimum oxygen uptakes were used to obtain a range of dive times (5–70 min) that can be supported aerobically.
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Werneck, M. R., and R. J. Da Silva. "Checklist of sea turtles endohelminth in Neotropical region." Helminthologia 53, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helmin-2016-0045.

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SummaryThis paper presents a list of parasites described in sea turtles from the Neotropical region. Through the review of literature the occurrence of 79 taxa of helminthes parasites were observed, mostly consisting of the Phylum Platyhelminthes with 76 species distributed in 14 families and 2 families of the Phylum Nematoda within 3 species. Regarding the parasite records, the most studied host was the green turtle (Chelonia mydas) followed by the hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata), olive ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea), loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) and leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea). Overall helminths were reported in 12 countries and in the Caribbean Sea region. This checklist is the largest compilation of data on helminths found in sea turtles in the Neotropical region.
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Rakotonirina, Berthin, and Andrew Cooke. "Sea turtles of Madagascar – their status, exploitation and conservation." Oryx 28, no. 1 (January 1994): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300028295.

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Five species of sea turtles are known from Madagascar's coastal waters. Fishermen on the western and south-western coasts take green turtle Chelonia mydas, loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta and olive ridley Lepidochelys olivacea for their meat. The hawksbill turtle Eretmochelys imbricata is taken mainly for its shell and for making stuffed specimens while the leatherback Dermochelys coriacea is seldom caught. Anecdotal evidence of fishermen and dealers in turtle products, measurement of captured animals and personal observations of the authors all point to declines in numbers and average size for green and hawksbill turtles, coupled with marked declines in nesting rates for these and the olive ridley.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Leatherback turtle Leatherback turtle Sea turtles"

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de, Wet Anje. "Factors affecting survivorship of loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles of South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1007900.

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Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles as well as their eggs and hatchlings have been protected on their nesting beach in South Africa (SA) since 1963. Both nesting populations were expected to show similar trends in recovery following the application of identical protection and conservation measures. The loggerhead nesting population has responded favourably to these protection efforts. In contrast, the leatherback nesting population showed an initial increase but is currently stable. The reason for this difference in response is thought to be due to differential offshore mortality of these two species. This prompted an investigation into the different sources of sea turtle mortality in the South Western Indian Ocean (SWIO). Specific aims were to identify and quantify sources of loggerhead and leatherback mortality on nesting beaches as well as in the oceans. Reasonable survivorship at all age classes is important to ensure recruitment of new nesting individuals into sea turtle populations. Mortality of nests, eggs per nest and hatchlings were quantified over two seasons for the loggerheads and leatherbacks nesting in SA. The beach was patrolled on foot to encounter and record females emerging from the ocean and later, hatchlings from their nests. The nests were then monitored during the incubation period and excavated once hatched. The fates of 925 nests were determined during these two nesting seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/2011). The main source of loggerhead and leatherback nest destruction was predation (8.6 percent and 15.7 percent respectively) followed by nest erosion (2.2 percent and 6.3 percent respectively). Overall nest success was high but higher for loggerheads (89 percent) than for leatherbacks (78 percent). The main cause of egg mortality for both species was early developmental arrest, followed by predation by ants and ghost crabs. Hatchlings en route to the sea were almost exclusively predated by ghost crabs (4.2 percent of emerged loggerhead hatchlings and 3.2 percent of emerged leatherback hatchlings). It appears that both species benefit from the coastal conservation efforts. When sea turtles leave the nesting beach, either as hatchlings or adults, conservation and monitoring becomes more difficult and sea turtles are exposed to a multitude of threats, including anthropogenic threats. Age classes tend to be spatially separated due to different habitat and dietary requirements. The type of threat sea turtles are exposed to thus depends on the current age class. Offshore sources of mortality in the SWIO were identified and where possible loggerhead and leatherback mortality was quantified and mapped spatially. Loggerheads were mostly exposed to and had the highest mortality in the artisanal fisheries in the SWIO (> 1000 per annum), inshore trawling (ca. 41 per annum), shark nets (protective gill nets) (21.6 ± 6.7 per annum) and the pelagic longline fishery (5.0 ± 4.4 per annum). In contrast, leatherbacks with a pelagic lifestyle, were mostly exposed to pelagic longline fisheries (7.8 ± 7.8 per annum). A spatial analysis of fishing activities indicated that leatherback home ranges overlapped 41percent with pelagic longline fishing activity in the SA EEZ, whereas the overlap between pelagic longliners and loggerhead home ranges was 29 percent. The quantified sources of mortality provide some explanation for the trend in the loggerhead nesting population but not the trend in the leatherback nesting population. Hatchling survivorship to adulthood was estimated to determine the viability of the two nesting populations as well as to determine whether offshore mortality was responsible for the difference in recovery of the two populations. Loggerhead hatchling survivorship to adulthood was estimated at between 2 and 10 per 1000 hatchlings, the minimum requirement for an increasing population. The adopted sophisticated model shows that leatherbacks have a survival rate of 5 to 10 per 1 000 hatchlings. However, this suggests that the population is increasing, but the leatherback population is stable. Perhaps the age to maturity of SA leatherbacks is greater than 12 years, or fisheries-related mortality affects younger age classes than initially thought. It is therefore recommended that the turtle monitoring area is extended to include other potential nesting grounds. In addition, observer or monitoring programs for commercial as well as artisanal fisheries needs to be extended throughout the SWIO to quantify sea turtle mortality. Ultimately a comprehensive multi-regional approach is required for the conservation of these highly migratory species.
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Bostrom, Brian Lee. "Thermoregulation in the leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12666.

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Adult leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) exhibit thermal gradients between their bodies and the environment of ≥ 8 °C in sub-polar waters and ≤ 4 °C in the tropics. There has been no direct evidence for thermoregulation in leatherbacks although modelling and morphological studies have given an indication of how thermoregulation may be achieved. Using a cylindrical model of a leatherback I investigated the extent to which heat production by muscle activity during variation of swim speed could be used in a leatherback’s thermal strategy. Drag force of a full scale cast of a leatherback was measured in a low velocity wind tunnel to obtain an estimate of the metabolic cost needed to offset drag. It is apparent, from this modelling, that heat flux from the body and flippers, activity and body and water temperatures are important variables to measure in order to fully classify the thermoregulatory response of live leatherbacks. Using captive juvenile leatherbacks of 16 and 37 kg I show for the first time that leatherbacks are indeed capable of thermoregulation. In cold water (< 25 °C), flipper stroke frequency increased, heat loss through the plastron, carapace and flippers was minimized, and a positive thermal gradient of up to 2.3 °C was maintained between body and environment. In warm water (25 – 31 °C), turtles were inactive and heat loss through their plastron, carapace and flippers increased, minimizing the thermal gradient (0.5 °C). In juvenile leatherbacks, heat gain is controlled behaviourally through activity while heat flux is regulated physiologically, presumably by regulation of blood flow distribution. Using a scaling model, I show that a 300 kg adult leatherback is able to maintain a maximum thermal gradient of 18.2 °C in cold sub-polar waters. Thus, by employing both physiological and behavioural mechanisms, adult leatherbacks are able to keep warm while foraging in cold sub-polar waters and to prevent overheating in a tropical environment, greatly expanding their range relative to other marine turtles.
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Botha, Marié. "Nest site fidelity and nest site selection of loggerhead, Caretta Caretta, and leatherback, dermochelys coriacea, turtles in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1233.

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Loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles nest on the beaches of the north-eastern portion of Kwazulu-Natal within the iSimangaliso Wetland Park. Loggerheads place ~60 percent of all nests within an 8 km stretch of beach, whereas leatherbacks tend to space their nests more evenly along the entire length of the monitoring area. The study aimed to determine nest site fidelity of loggerheads and leatherbacks (using four decades of nesting data housed by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife) and the factors that influence nest site selection of both species within the 56 km of turtle monitoring area (32N to 100S) and the 5 km area of high-density loggerhead nesting (0N to 12N). The effectiveness of nest site selection was then determined through the hatching success of loggerheads over the 5km area (0N to 12N). Results showed that loggerheads show a high degree of nest site fidelity (~3 km) with nest site fidelity of individuals increasing over subsequent seasons of nesting, as well as these individuals using the same stretches of beach for nesting (the most popular area being 1N to 4N for repeat nesters). Leatherbacks displayed nest site fidelity of ~9 km and this did not increase over successive seasons of nesting. In terms of nest site selection, loggerheads and leatherbacks both avoided areas where low shore rock was present, whereas both species preferred nesting on beaches of intermediate morphodynamic state. Leatherback nesting was significantly higher in areas with wider surf zones. Both species were able to surpass the high water mark when nesting as nests below this point would be almost certainly doomed. Hatching success of loggerheads was comparative to high (83 %) relative to other studies, however, nest success varied across the beach from beacon 1N to 12N. Areas where highest nest success was observed were not areas of highest nest density presumably due to artificial lighting. Results from this study increase our understanding of the evolutionary biology of loggerhead and leatherback turtles in South Africa and the effectiveness of loggerhead nest site selection through hatching success.
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Weston, Emily G. "Predicting leatherback sea turtle sex ratios using spatial interpolation of nesting beach temperatures." Thesis, Florida Atlantic University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527434.

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Sex determination in leatherback sea turtles is directed primarily by the temperatures a clutch experiences during the middle third of development. Warmer temperatures tend to produce females will cooler temperatures yield males. Nest temperatures can vary spatially and temporally. During the 2010 and 2011 nesting seasons, this study estimated the hatchling sex ratio of leatherback sea turtles on Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge (SPNWR), St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. I measured sand temperatures from May- August and across the spatial range of leatherback nesting habitat. I spatially interpolated those temperatures to create maps that predicted temperatures for all nests incubating on SPWNR. Nest temperatures were also directly measured and compared with predicted nest temperatures to validate the prediction model. Sexes of dead-in-nest hatchlings and full term embryos were used to confirm the sex-temperature response. The model showed that microclimatic variation likely impacts the production of both sexes on SPNWR.

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Caderas, Jenna. "Beach Nourishment: Effects on the Hatching & Emergence Success Rates of Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), Loggerhead (Caretta caretta), and Green (Chelonia mydas) Sea Turtles." NSUWorks, 2016. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/417.

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Broward County, Florida is a popular tourism destination. Due to its popularity, much of the shoreline has been modified and natural habitats were replaced with infrastructure such as houses, condominiums, resorts, and restaurants. The same Broward County beaches utilized by tourists and residents are important for three species of nesting sea turtles, including the Leatherback, Dermochelys coriacea, Loggerhead, Caretta caretta, and Green, Chelonia mydas, Turtles. The Broward County Sea Turtle Conservation Program (BCSTCP) collects yearly data in order to study these endangered reptiles. Increased anthropogenic effects including further coastal development (public & private), public beach events, public beach access, as well as natural events, have caused these important nesting beaches to erode and narrow. In an effort to control this erosion damage, Broward County has performed a number of beach nourishment projects. This study found yearly fluctuations in sea turtle hatching and emergence success rates, and years of beach nourishment projects significantly decreased these rates. Yearly hatching data available from Broward County concludes that beach nourishment, as well as hurricanes and tropical storms cause decreases in sea turtle hatching and emergence success rates in Broward County. Additionally, nest depth and sea turtle size increases the hatching and emergence success rates from females that are not too large or too small that nest in Broward County.
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Lalire, Maxime. "STAMM, un modèle individu-centré de la dispersion active des tortues marines juvéniles : applications aux cas des tortues luths du Pacifique Ouest et de l'Atlantique Nord-Ouest et aux tortues caouannes de l'ouest de l'océan Indien." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30259/document.

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Les tortues marines, espèces emblématiques des écosystèmes marins, sont de plus en plus menacées par les effets directs et indirects des activités humaines. Leur cycle de vie est complexe, partagé entre divers habitats, souvent très éloignés les uns des autres. Leur conservation nécessite donc d'identifier les habitats occupés à chaque stade de vie et les routes migratoires empruntées entre ces différents habitats. Si l'écologie spatiale des tortues adultes est relativement bien connue, notamment grâce au suivi par satellite, il n'en va pas de même pour les juvéniles qui se développent plusieurs années en milieu pélagique sans pouvoir être suivis. Dans ce contexte, les simulations numériques constituent un outil adapté pour explorer la dispersion des tortues juvéniles à partir de leurs plages de naissance. Jusqu'à présent il a le plus souvent été supposé dans ces simulations que les juvéniles dérivaient passivement avec les courants marins. Dans ce travail de thèse nous présentons STAMM (Sea Turtle Active Movement Model), un nouveau modèle de dispersion active des tortues juvéniles qui s'attache à dépasser l'hypothèse initiale d'une dérive purement passive. Dans STAMM, les juvéniles simulés se déplacent sous l'influence de la circulation océanique et d'une nage motivée par la recherche d'habitats favorables. Ce modèle est appliqué ici à l'étude de la dispersion des juvéniles de trois populations de tortues marines : les tortues luths (Dermochelys coriacea) du Pacifique Ouest et de l'Atlantique Nord-Ouest puis les tortues caouannes (Caretta caretta) de l'ouest de l'océan Indien. Nos résultats montrent que, même si la circulation océanique détermine, à grande échelle, les zones de dispersion, la prise en compte des mouvements motivés par l'habitat augmente considérablement le réalisme des simulations et impacte profondément la distribution spatiale et temporelle des individus simulés à l'intérieur de leur zone de dispersion. Les mouvements motivés par l'habitat induisent notamment des migrations saisonnières en latitude qui réduisent la mortalité par hypothermie. Ces mouvements induisent également une concentration des individus simulés dans des zones productives (comme les upwellings de bord Est) inaccessibles en dérive passive. Ces résultats questionnent la vision classique des juvéniles circulant passivement autour des gyres océaniques et devraient rapidement être pris en compte pour la mise en place de mesures de conservation ciblées visant les tortues marines juvéniles
Sea turtles are increasingly threatened by the direct and indirect effects of human activities. Their life cycle is complex, shared between various, and often very distant, habitats. Their conservation therefore requires identifying the habitats occupied at each stage of life and the migration routes between these different habitats. While the spatial ecology of adult turtles is relatively well known, particularly through satellite monitoring, the situation is not the same for juveniles which pelagic development phase remains largely unobserved. In that context, numerical simulation constitutes an appropriate tool to explore the dispersal of juvenile sea turtles from their natal beaches. Until now, simulations were mostly performed under the assumption that juveniles disperse passively with oceanic currents. In this PhD thesis we present STAMM (Sea Turtle Active Movement Model), a new model of active dispersal that aims to go beyond the initial hypothesis of passive drift. In STAMM, juvenile sea turtles move under the influence of ocean currents and swimming movements motivated by the search for favorable habitats. This model is applied here to the study of the dispersal of juveniles from three sea turtle populations: leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) of the Western Pacific and the Northwest Atlantic Oceans, and loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) of the Western Indian Ocean. Our results show that, although ocean currents broadly shape juvenile dispersal areas, simulations including habitat-driven movements provide more realistic results than passive drift simulations. Habitat-driven movements prove to deeply structure the spatial and temporal distribution of juveniles. In particular, they induce seasonal latitudinal migrations that reduce cold induce mortality. They also push simulated individuals to concentrate in productive areas that cannot be accessed through pure passive drift. These results challenge the classical view of juveniles circulating passively around oceanic gyres. They should rapidly be taken into account for the implementation of targeted conservation measures concerning juvenile sea turtles
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Tomillo, Maria del Pilar Santidrián Spotila James R. "Factors affecting population dynamics of eastern pacific leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2523.

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Saba, Vincent Sellitto. "Bottom-up and climatic forcing on the nesting and foraging ecology of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea)." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Saba07.pdf.

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Tucek, Jenny Bianka. "Comparison of the population growth potential of South African loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5032.

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A beach conservation programme protecting nesting loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles in South Africa was started in 1963. As initial numbers of nesting females were low for both species (107 loggerheads and 24 leatherbacks) it was proposed that the protection of eggs, hatchlings and nesting females along the nesting beach would induce population growth and prohibit local extinction. Today, 50 years later, the loggerhead population exceeds 650 females per annum, whereas the leatherback population counts about 65 nesting females per year. The trend for leatherback turtles is that the population has been stable for about 30 years whereas loggerheads are increasing exponentially. Thus, this thesis investigated several life-history traits to explain the differing responses to the ongoing beach conservation programme. Reproductive output and success were assessed for both species; it was hypothesised that environmental conditions are sub-optimal for leatherback turtles to reproduce successfully. It was ascertained that nesting loggerhead females deposit larger clutches than leatherbacks (112 ± SD 20 eggs and 100 ± SD 23 eggs, respectively), but that annual reproductive output per individual leatherback female exceeds that of loggerhead turtles (±700 eggs and ±448 eggs, respectively) because they exhibit a higher intra-seasonal nesting frequency (leatherbacks n = 7 and loggerheads n = 4 from Nel et al. 2013). Emergence success (i.e. the percentage of hatchlings produced) per nest was similar for both species (loggerhead 73.6 ± SD 27.68 % and leatherback turtles 73.8 ± SD 22.70 %), but as loggerhead turtles nest in greater numbers, i.e. producing more hatchlings per year, the absolute population growth potential favours the loggerhead turtle. The second factor investigated was sex ratio because sea turtles display temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) where extreme incubation temperatures can skew the sex ratio (i.e. feminising or masculinising a clutch). It was suspected that leatherback turtles are male-biased as this is the southern-most rookery (for both species). Further, leatherback nests are generally closer to the high tide mark, which might induce a cooling effect. Standard histological techniques were applied to sex hatchlings and a generalized linear model (GLM) was used to approximate annual sex ratio. Loggerhead sex ratio (2009 - 2011) was estimated at 86.9 ± SE 0.35 % female-biased; however, sufficient replication for the leatherback population was only obtained for season 2010, which indicated a 97.1 % (95 % CI 93.3 - 98.7) female bias. Both species are, thus, highly female-biased, and current sex ratio for leatherback turtles is not prohibiting population growth. Current sex ratios, however, are not necessarily indicative of sex ratios in the past which would have induced present population growth. Thus, to account for present population growth profiles, sex ratios from the past needed to be ascertained. Annual sex ratios (1997 - 2011) were modelled from historical air and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) but no significant change over time was obtained for either loggerhead or leatherback turtles (linear regression; p ≥ 0.45). The average sex ratio over this 15-year period for the South African loggerhead turtle was approximated at 77.1 ± SE 3.36 % female-biased, whereas leatherbacks exhibited a 99.5 ± SE 0.24 % female bias. Re-analysing data from the mid-80s by Maxwell et al. (1988) also indicated a 77.4 % female bias for the South African loggerhead population. It is, therefore, highly likely that sex ratios of the South African loggerhead and leatherback sea turtle populations have been stable for at least three decades and are not accountable for the differing population growth profiles as they are displayed today. Another possibility that could explain the opposed population growth profiles is the time taken for animals to replace themselves, i.e. age at maturity. It was suspected that age at maturity for the South African loggerhead turtle is comparable with that for leatherbacks. Using data from a 30-year mutilation tagging experiment (i.e. notching), age at first reproduction for South African loggerhead females was estimated. Results ranged broadly but a mean of 36.2 ± SD 7.71 years was obtained using a Gaussian distribution. Age at reproduction of the South African leatherback turtle was not determined but the literature suggests a much younger age of 13.3 - 26.8 years (Zug & Parham 1996, Dutton et al. 2005, Avens et al. 2009, Jones et al. 2011). Therefore, population growth would favour leatherback turtles as they exhibit a much shorter generation time. Finally, it was concluded that all life-history parameters investigated favour leatherback turtles, yet loggerheads are displaying population growth. However, as there were no obvious constraints to population growth on the nesting beach, it is suspected that population growth of the South African leatherback turtle is either unobserved (due to inadequate monitoring not capturing sufficient numbers of nesting events to establish a trend) or that population growth is prohibited by some offshore factor such as industrial fisheries (or some other driver not yet identified). Monitoring should, thus, be expanded and offshore mortality monitored as the leatherback population nesting in South Africa is still critically endangered with nesting numbers dangerously low.
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Plot, Virginie. "Caractéristiques maternelles, performances et stratégies de reproduction des tortues marines de Guyane." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00867096.

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Les organismes font face à des compromis entre leur reproduction, leur maintenance et leur survie, dont découlent des stratégies adaptatives énergétiques, comportementales et écologiques.Ce travail de thèse propose de préciser les stratégies de reproduction chez la tortue luth Dermochelys coriacea nidifiant en Guyane. Nous avons étudié les caractéristiques maternelles, les performances de reproduction et les potentiels liens existants entre la migration et la reproduction chez une population d'individus d'identité connue, suivis grâce à un suivi longitudinal original combinant biométrie, physiologie et biologie moléculaire.Premièrement nous montrons que les tortues luth opèrent comme des reproducteurs sur capital, i.e., leur reproduction repose sur les ressources stockées sous forme de réserves corporelles pendant la migration précédant la saison de ponte. D'autre part, nous suggérons que les femelles ajustent la durée de leur migration en fonction des conditions océanographiques rencontrées pendant la migration. Ceci leur permettrait, à l'échelle de la vie, de répondre au compromis entre la reproduction en cours et les reproductions futures. Enfin, notre démarche souligne l'importance de prendre en compte les caractéristiques individuelles dans la compréhension des stratégies de reproduction, et de manière ultime pour l'établissement de modèles réalistes de la dynamique des populations, notamment dans le cas d'espèces emblématiques telles que les tortues marines.
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Books on the topic "Leatherback turtle Leatherback turtle Sea turtles"

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Rake, Jody Sullivan. Leatherback sea turtles. North Mankato, Minn: Snap Books, 2013.

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Hirth, Harold F. Some aspects of the ecology of the leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea at Laguna Jalova, Costa Rica. [Seattle, Wash.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 1987.

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Sea turtle scientist. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2014.

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Meylan, Anne Barkau. Sea turtle nesting activity in the state of Florida, 1979-1992. St. Petersburg, Fla: State of Florida, Dept. of Environmental Protection, Florida Marine Research Institute, 1995.

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Eckert, Karen L. The biology and population status of marine turtles in the North Pacific Ocean. [La Jolla, Calif.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, [Southwest Fisheries Science Center, 1993.

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Squires, Dale, Peter H. Dutton, and Mahfuzuddin Ahmed. Conservation of Pacific sea turtles. Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, 2011.

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Leatherback turtles. Mankato, Minn: Capstone Press, 2012.

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Watt, Melanie. Leatherback turtles. New York: AV2 by Weigl, 2013.

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Safina, Carl. Voyage of the turtle: In pursuit of the Earth's last dinosaur. New York: Holt, 2005.

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Brian, Deines, ed. Camping. Markham, Ont: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Leatherback turtle Leatherback turtle Sea turtles"

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Angel Reyes-López, Miguel, Fátima Yedith Camacho-Sánchez, Catherine E. Hart, Valeria Leal-Sepúlveda, Kevin Alan Zavala-Félix, César Paúl Ley-Quiñónez, A. Alonso Aguirre, and Alan Alfredo Zavala-Norzagaray. "Rediscovering Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtle (Lepidochelys kempii): Molecular Analysis and Threats." In Natural History and Ecology of Mexico and Central America. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96655.

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Sea turtles are reptiles that have inhabited the earth for 100 million years. These are divided into 2 families (Cheloniidae and Dermochelyidae) and 7 species of sea turtles in the world: the leatherback turtle (Dermochelys coriacea); hawksbill turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata); Kemp’s ridley (Lepidochelys kempii); olive ridley (L. olivacea); Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta); flatback sea turtle (Natator depressus) and green turtle (Chelonia mydas). In particular, Kemp’s ridley is included in the red list of IUCN categorized as “critically endangered”. The most important site around the Word is in Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Where 80–95% of the world’s nesting is concentrated. Other nesting areas are Tepeguajes and Barra del Tordo, in Tamaulipas, and with less intensity in Veracruz (Lechuguillas and El Raudal beaches) and South Padre Island, Texas, USA. They deposit an average of about 90 eggs and hatching takes 40 to 60 days. Therefore, they are vulnerable to different anthropogenic activities and sources of pollution, such as heavy metals, which can cause toxic effects that are harmful to the turtles, damage their physiology and health. To understand the real situation about health and genetic parameters it is necessary to analyze biochemical and molecular factors in this species.
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"Chapter 11. Direct Incentive Approaches for Leatherback Turtle Conservation." In Conservation of Pacific Sea Turtles, 164–82. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824860196-013.

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"Chapter 8. Importance of Networks for Conservation of the Pacific Leatherback Turtle." In Conservation of Pacific Sea Turtles, 120–31. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824860196-010.

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Ehrenfeld, David. "Saving by Selling." In Swimming Lessons. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195148527.003.0023.

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Since the fall of Soviet communism, capitalism—perhaps we should say big business—has been prescribed more than ever as the cure for any ill, including the decline of nature. A large part of the natural world has been damaged or destroyed by unregulated commerce. Now, various groups of conservationists are trying to save some of the most spectacular remnants of nature, both species and ecosystems—with more commerce. The idea of turning the tables and using the methods of exploiters to prevent more serious exploitation is an interesting one, but the risks are high and not everyone in the business of saving by selling seems to have given much thought to them. I first came across commercial conservation in one of its earliest and most dubious forms, the farming of sea turtles, a phoenix like enterprise that, despite its chronic inability to turn a profit, always springs up renewed from the ashes of its last bankruptcy. Because of its biological and economic complexity, the farming of sea turtles nicely illustrates many of the problems inherent in the commercialization of consevation and is worth examining in some detail. There are seven species of sea turtles in the world’s oceans, ranging in size from the approximately 100-pound Atlantic and Pacific ridleys and the hawksbills, to the huge leatherbacks, which can weigh as much as1200 pounds and possibly more. All except the loggerhead nest primarily on tropical or subtropical beaches, although some venture far into cold waters in between nestings. The eggs of every species are prized as food and in Latin America are considered an aphrodisiac. The leather is used for expensive shoes; the hawksbill provides shell for jewelry; and the hawksbill, loggerhead, and especially the green are taken for their meat, cartilage (for soup) and oil (for cosmetics). Indeed, the green turtle has been described as the world’s most valuable reptile. Not surprisingly, nearly all sea turtle populations have been seriously depleted, and the great majority of the nesting populations that existed 150 years ago are now extinct.
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"5. Energetics of Leatherback Sea Turtles." In Experimental Approaches to Conservation Biology, 66–82. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520930636-007.

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"Chapter 6. Tragedy of the Malaysian Leatherback Population." In Conservation of Pacific Sea Turtles, 97–107. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824860196-008.

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"Chapter 9. Reconciling Dual Goals of Leatherback Conservation and Indigenous People’s Welfare." In Conservation of Pacific Sea Turtles, 132–47. University of Hawaii Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780824860196-011.

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Jones, David R., Amanda L. Southwood, and Russel D. Andrews. "Energetics of Leatherback Sea Turtles: A Step toward Conservation." In Experimental Approaches to Conservation Biology, 66–82. University of California Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520240247.003.0005.

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LONG, DOUGLAS J. "Records of White Shark-Bitten Leatherback Sea Turtles along the Central California Coast." In Great White Sharks, 317–19. Elsevier, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-012415031-7/50030-6.

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