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1
Saade, Gladys. "Lebanese television archives." Electronic Library 22, no. 2 (2004): 139–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02640470410533399.
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Technological advances in the information and communication industry have changed many other sectors as well. Written, visual or oral, digital information is transmitted instantly, distributed around the world, stored, examined and sold. It thus acquires a commercial value that overlaps with the historical value of the information, which is a part of the collective memory of a country. This paper examines the information archives of Lebanese television stations from a technical and an intellectual point of view and discusses how they treat news and other television programmes and whether television information is considered a commercial product. It is argued that it is evident that an institution concerned with public interest (as opposed to commercial interests) looks after the conservation of the national patrimony and the collective memory, by forming a legal deposit system and respecting the authors' rights. Such an attitude could play a role in the frame of a national information policy.
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Alexandre, Laurice, Charbel Salloum, and Adel Alalam. "An investigation of migrant entrepreneurs: the case of Syrian refugees in Lebanon." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 25, no. 5 (2019): 1147–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-03-2018-0171.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to answer the following question: what motivates refugees to create their own businesses in a developing country, and how do they go about it? Design/methodology/approach A quantitative study was conducted before Syrian refugees in main camps in Lebanon. The self-administrated survey was translated into the Arabic language to fit the respondents understanding of the questions asked and answers choices. Closed questions with nominal ratio and Likert scales were used to gather the primary data in the line of the study of Wauters and Lambrecht. The data were analysed with a logistic regression analysis under SPSS. Findings The findings show that 71 per cent of Syrian refugees seem to have a willingness to start a new business in Lebanon. The respondents are mostly young, with 62 per cent being between the ages of 18 and 35. Most of them are men (66.67 per cent) against 33.33 per cent of women. 60 per cent have already been entrepreneurs, and they are mostly motivated by earning a living but in the sector they used to work in before in their home country. Finally, the obstacles seem to be linked to financial and administrative issues, but also to the local policies. However, the fact that they share some cultural values with Lebanese such as the language or food, allow them to integrate easier and to create social bonds. Research limitations/implications The research is limited by the fact that the authors cannot generalise the findings since the Lebanese environment is very different from other countries’ environment. Besides, the Syrian refugees share already a lot of values and lifestyle with Lebanese. So, the authors cannot transpose their case to other ethnic population. Also, the study is limited by the lack of a gender statement and the link between the education level and the decision of creating a new business. Practical implications The authors propose some recommendations to the Lebanese Government and NGOs in order to facilitate and support the entrepreneurship actions of refugees shortly after they arrive to Lebanon. Social implications This paper confirms the importance of social ties in encouraging entrepreneurship in the case of refugees. Originality/value In this paper, the authors make four contributions to the academic debate: first, the authors studied the entrepreneurial motivations of refugees in a middle-eastern developing country while the other studies have focussed upon the adaptation of such individuals in a western and developed environment. Second, the refugees are motivated by pull and push factors at once as the authors discussed in the precedent section. Third, although adaptation to the Lebanese culture is easier, resilience is nevertheless needed due to the Lebanese Government’s policies, which forbid refugees to work in the country. Fourth, with regard to migration studies in general, this paper stands half way between the various studies conducted on ethnic entrepreneurship, immigrant entrepreneurship and refugees. Indeed, the authors brought together many concepts such as social bonds, social capital, culture, political environment, and the service industry. On the managerial level, the findings allow the institutions and the government to target those refugees who show an appetence to entrepreneurship to stimulate their action, shortly after arriving in Lebanon, as their entrepreneurial intent decreases with the time they spend, often unemployed, in the host country. Should government policy change, both the integration of refugees, and entrepreneurship in general would benefit.
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Dabaja, Tharwat, and Barend Vlaardingerbroek. "To Brevet or Not to Brevet: Lebanon Contemplates Abandoning the Middle-Secondary Examination." International Journal of Educational Reform 27, no. 4 (2018): 396–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/105678791802700405.
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The Lebanese government in 2016 was presented with a proposal to abandon the middle-secondary Brevet examination. The Brevet acts as a filter for the upper secondary tier and channels considerable numbers of students into technical/vocational education. This article discusses the likely impact of the abolition of this public examination and presents data compiled from a survey of student views. The authors argue that the fundamental problem plaguing Lebanese education is its poor articulation with the labor market and warn against abolishing the Brevet unless the move is part of a package of reforms aimed at rectifying this dysfunctional interface.
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Al Maalouf, Nada Jabbour, Amira Daouk, Jean Elia, et al. "The Impact of Emotional Intelligence on the Performance of Employees in the Lebanese Banking Sector During Crisis." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 9 (2023): e1030. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i9.1030.
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Objective: Although the importance of emotional intelligence is noted by several authors, its significance should be emphasized in jobs where crises occur, such as Lebanese banking positions. The significance of the study lies in its main aim, which is to address this gap and examine how the emotional intelligence of Lebanese bank employees affects their performance during a crisis. The aim of the study is to examine the positive impact of emotional intelligence on the performance of employees working in the Lebanese banking sector during a crisis. Methodology: To verify this aim, a questionnaire was distributed to employees working in the Lebanese banking sector during the crisis that has been affecting Lebanon. A sample of 201 respondents was obtained, and the data obtained were analyzed using SPSS. Findings: It was found that employees working in the banking industry during the crisis performed better when they possessed high emotional intelligence. Implications/Value: It is highly recommended that bank managers become aware of the importance of their own emotional intelligence and that of their employees, as it will directly and positively affect their performance during a crisis, thus influencing the overall performance of the sector.
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Ghadban, Socrat, Maya Shames, Jad Abou Arrage, and Erick Leroux. "SEASONAL TOURISM DEMAND IN LEBANESE SKI RESORTS." International Journal of Tourism & Hospitality Reviews 6, no. 1 (2019): 58–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijthr.2019.615.
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Purpose of the study: The main objective of this study is to analyze the profile of Lebanese ski resorts’ visitors, their motivations, preferences, and perceptions. Thus, authors seek to analyze the characteristics of seasonal tourism demand in Lebanese ski resorts for the sake of reducing seasonality.
 Methodology: Quantitative methods were used and four out of the five ski resorts in Lebanon were analyzed. An online questionnaire was distributed to visitors, using a mix of self-selection and snowball sampling techniques. The questionnaire resulted in 206 respondents. Responses showed high internal validity with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.83.
 Main Findings: The relationship between place attachment and annual visitations was validated and authors were able to point the deteriorated value for money among resorts. Furthermore, the K-mean clustering resulted in segmenting visitors into three groups of interest to be targeted in order to reduce seasonality.
 Implications: This study helps the winter and snow tourism stakeholders in Lebanon to reduce tourism seasonality and consequently develop sustainable tourism products. It also enhances previous studies conducted on seasonal tourism demand.
 Limitations: The main limitation is that not all stakeholders were examined. Further research is needed to be conducted on visitors’ decision-making processes and their actual behavior. The proposed segments in this study are subject to future tests and investigations.
 The novelty of the study: With no previous research attempting to analyze seasonal demand in Lebanese ski resorts; this study has a vital role to play in developing sustainable tourism products and helping winter and snow tourism stakeholders to reduce tourism seasonality. The clusters presented at the end of this paper are considered as a new proposition for ski resorts’ managers who are shifting toward all-season operations.
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Bassil, Charbel, Mohamad Hamadeh, and Nisrine Samara. "The tourism led growth hypothesis: the Lebanese case." Tourism Review 70, no. 1 (2015): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-05-2014-0022.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the direction of the causality between tourism development and economic growth in Lebanon between 1995 and 2013, after taking into consideration terrorist incidents and their intensities. These are considered as exogenous shocks that affect tourism development and economic growth instantaneously and with a lag. Design/methodology/approach – To reach the objectives, the authors estimate a vector auto regressive model with exogenous variables, applying a series of unit root tests with and without structural breaks and the Granger causality test. Findings – The findings suggest a positive unidirectional causality running from tourism development to economic growth in the short run. Thus, the authors find evidence for the tourism-led growth hypothesis (TLGH) in Lebanon despite the exposure of the country to frequent terrorist incidents. The impulse response functions reveal that tourism development (economic growth) responds positively to a positive shock to economic growth (tourism development). Practical implications – The findings call for Lebanese policy makers aiming at promoting growth to design policies that encourage tourism, such as implementing tourism marketing policies and building the needed tourism infrastructure. Such policies will have positive but transitory effects on economic growth. The findings may also be useful for regional representatives of intergovernmental organizations and the offices of statistics of United Nations World Tourism Organization and the World Bank to better understand the tourism industry in Lebanon and similar countries suffering from instabilities. Originality/value – This paper contributes to the existing literature in three points: despite the importance of the tourism industry to the Lebanese economy, this topic did not receive careful attention in the literature; it takes into consideration the presence of structural breaks and possible nonlinearities in the number of tourist arrivals; and it investigates the TLGH after accounting for instability in the country.
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Marroum, Marianne. "Lebanon’s Greening Imagination // La imaginación de un Líbano verde." Ecozon@: European Journal of Literature, Culture and Environment 4, no. 2 (2013): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37536/ecozona.2013.4.2.532.
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This paper examines the narratives of a group of Lebanese authors and artists on nature in Lebanon, collected in an anthology entitled The Lost Space: The Views of Lebanese Authors and Artists on Nature (2009) published by the cultural association of George Yammine, the deceased Lebanese poet media officer and critic of literature and art (1955-2000). The essays of Etel Adnan, Antoine al-Daouihy, Hassan Daoud, Fifi Kallab and Claudia Marchelian, among some others, will form the core of the study. I will deal with their objective description and /or subjective experience and perception of Beirut, nature and the environment in Lebanon as a separate entity, and in its relation to their creative work, whence the symbiosis of the natural, the aesthetic and the creative. I will undertake to analyze in the artists’ discourses the residues of forms and frame of minds of what may be regarded as Mediterranean orientalism, namely the subjective romantic experience of nature, the nostalgia for the green Lebanon of the past, as well as the focus on the beauty of the Lebanese landscape. I hope to show that these elements are paralleled and often dialectically intertwined with a more objective image of a degraded environment, one that is moving towards greater entropy. I will conclude with a sample of variegated reactions and solutions some of the authors put forward: paradoxical expressions of love and pride for this degenerated environment, philosophical arguments that inculcate ecocentric values to public consciousness, and pragmatic solutions that consist of a reconfiguration of landscape in sound ecological manner. Resumen Este trabajo analiza la obra de un grupo de autores y artistas libaneses sobre la naturaleza en el Líbano, recogida en la antología titulada The Lost Space: The Views of Lebanese Authors and Artists on Nature (2009), publicada por la asociación cultural de George Yammime, el fallecido poeta y critico literario y de arte (1955-2000). Los ensayos de Etel Adnan, Antoine al-Daouihy, Hassan Daoud, Fifi Kallab y Claudia Marchelian, entre otros, formarán el núcleo del estudio. Exploraré su descripción objetiva y/o experiencia subjetiva y su percepción de Beirut, la naturaleza y el medio ambiente del Líbano como una entidad separada, y la relación con su obra creativa, razón de la simbiosis de lo natural, lo estético y lo creativo. Comenzaré analizando en los discrusos de los artistas las formas y estados de ánimo de lo que puede considerarse orientalismo mediterráneo, concretamente la experiencia subjetiva y romántica de la naturaleza, la nostalgia por el Líbano verde del pasado, así como la atención a la belleza del paisaje libanés. Espero demostrar que estos elementos son paralelos a, y a menudo están dialécticamente entrelazados con, una imagen más objetiva de un medio ambiente degradado, que se mueve hacia una mayor entropía. Concluiré con una muestra multicolor de reacciones y soluciones propuestas por algunos de los autores: expresiones paradójicas de amor y orgullo por este medio ambiente degenerado, argumentos filosóficos que inculcan valores ecocéntricos a la conciencia pública, y soluciones pragmáticas que consisten en una reconfiguración profundamente ecológica del paisaje.
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Gharzeddine, Raná, and Liany Hernandez. "The instrumentalization of identity in the Lebanese Conflict." Revista Perspectivas 8, S1 (2023): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22463/25909215.4123.
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This research tries to shed light on the case of Lebanese conflict, an example of identitarian conflict that has been alive for centuries, and given its location in the Middle East, an area of international interests, the country has been exposed to many external interventions. Said interventions have taken advantage of the political inexperience of local communities to sow division as part of a master plan to redesign the area according to occidental interests. The objective is to rethink a Peace Process based on the urgent need for a change of mentality among the human mosaic that integrates and defines Lebanese society. For this purpose, a qualitative methodology was used, through an analytical study of works by major authors who masterfully deal with the theme of identity and multiculturalism as well as an inclusive humanism, where people resemble rather than differ by sharing common basic values. As a result, it is observed that the identity of the Lebanese people has been instrumentalized to guarantee the sustainability of the local conflict, dissecting it into small characteristics such as confession. It concludes with a peace process based on a change of mentality on the perception of identity and specifically religious characteristic, in order to move forward with a better inclusive identity.
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Naja, Mohamad K., and Hoda Baytiyeh. "Risk assessment of high schools in Lebanon for potential terrorist threat." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 7, no. 5 (2016): 460–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-07-2015-0037.
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Purpose Terrorist attacks on schools and colleges have disrupted educational processes and caused fear, deaths and tragedies. Considering the recent increase in terrorist attacks on educational facilities in different parts of the world, vulnerability and risk assessments have assumed crucial importance in the design and evaluation of mitigation plans to reduce the traumatic impacts of such events. This paper aims to assess the vulnerability and risk of Lebanese high school assets to terrorism. Design/methodology/approach Through site visits to various high schools in Lebanon, the authors evaluated specific features common in the majority of Lebanese high schools and identified six categories of schools. Using Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA 428) guidelines, one high school from each category was surveyed and analysed. Findings The results reveal a relatively high vulnerability to and risk of the threat of terrorism and a lack of protective plans and mitigation measures to minimise this risk among the majority of the investigated high school facilities. Originality/value This paper should alert school administrators, public leaders and government officials regarding the terrorist threats and their subsequent effects on the structural safety of school buildings in Lebanon. The risk assessment of schools to terrorism has rarely been performed or even discussed in the Lebanese-related literature.
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Gali, Nazha, Dima Hajjar, and Ibrahim Jamali. "The corporate governance and social responsibility nexus in the Lebanese banking industry." Corporate Governance 16, no. 3 (2016): 609–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-08-2015-0109.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the contrasting views of banks and banking authorities in Lebanon regarding the corporate governance (CG) and corporate social responsibility (CSR) nexus. Design/methodology/approach Using survey responses collected from the managers of five Lebanese banks and banking authorities, the authors conduct a qualitative comparative study of the opinions on CG, CSR and CG–CSR nexus. Findings The findings of this paper reveal that while a CG culture is well-instituted by the authorities and that some forms of CSR are already practiced by banks, disagreements exist between the Lebanese banks and banking authorities in defining the CG–CSR nexus. While CG is viewed as an all-encompassing concept by the banking authorities, most banks ascribe to the paradigm that CG is component of CSR. Research limitations/implications The sample of this paper consists of large banks that have clear CG and CSR agendas. The results, therefore, cannot be generalized for the wider population of Lebanese companies that are characterized by family ownership and non-separation of ownership and control. Practical implications This paper informs both managers and policymakers on the differing views of the CSR–CG nexus while also contributing to informing the policy dialogue. Theoretically, this paper sheds light on the CG–CSR nexus in a developing country context. Originality/value There is a paucity of research on the CG–CSR nexus in the context of developing countries and for the banking sector in specific. This paper aims to address the gap in the literature by providing an in-depth qualitative examination of the CG, CSR and the CG–CSR nexus in the context of the Lebanese banking sector.
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Jaran, Mahmoud. "Beirut e la guerra: Elias Khuri e Oriana Fallaci." Oriente Moderno 95, no. 1-2 (2015): 255–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22138617-12340073.
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“Switzerland of the Middle East” and “the oriental Paris” are some of the names that the beautiful city of Beirut had earned before the disasters of the Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990). This historical event is considered the most important one in the contemporary history of Lebanon, not only because it marks the end of a difficult peaceful coexistence among the various ethnic and religious groups during the period between the Independence (1943) and the beginning of the conflict (1975), but also because it made radical geopolitical changes to the entire region. At the end of the “Swiss epoque”, the city of Beirut begins to undergo a series of transformations in terms of urban planning, landscape, etc. This paper aims to study the literary representation of Beirut during the conflict, taking as examples two authors, one Lebanese, Elias Khuri, who shows, in his novel The Journey of Little Gandhi, the irrationality of war and its effects on the city and on the inhabitants; the other one is the Italian writer, Oriana Fallaci, who describes in his novel Inshallah the experience of the Italian contingent in the peacekeeping mission in Beirut. Despite the considerable differences between the two authors, the papers shows the narratives’ affinity which highlight the transformation of Beirut, the image of its citizens and the problematic of the assimilation process between them and their city.
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Chedrawi, Charbel, Pierrette Howayeck, and Abbas Tarhini. "CSR and legitimacy in higher education accreditation programs, an isomorphic approach of Lebanese business schools." Quality Assurance in Education 27, no. 1 (2019): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qae-04-2018-0053.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the accreditation path toward legitimacy in business schools from an isomorphic and a social responsibility perspective. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative method is used to analyze the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) accreditation process in three Lebanese business schools aiming at revealing a new role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in this process. Findings Accreditation in business schools is a “temporary isomorphic legitimacy tool” enhanced by CSR in a continuum that may lead to sustain legitimacy in higher education once accreditation is attained. Research limitations/implications This research has its limitations around the external validity of the qualitative methods. In fact, the authors’ results depend on the context of the three studied business schools, and the generalization of the results was never the authors’ primary objective. Further research must be done to build and elaborate on the authors’ findings, either within the authors’ sample or within other business schools in Lebanon. Practical implications Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can play a major role in guaranteeing and sustaining legitimacy in the phase after accreditation. May be this was the philosophy behind the proposition of the AACSB of the new standard regarding CSR in 2013 highlighting the importance of ethics, CSR, and sustainability education in business schools. Originality/value Accreditation in business schools is a “temporary isomorphic legitimacy tool” enhanced by CSR in a continuum that may lead to sustain legitimacy in higher education once accreditation is attained.
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El-Hayek Fares, Jessy, Sibelle Al-Hayek, Jaafar Jaafar, Nathalie Djabrayan, and Antoine G. Farhat. "Factors affecting body composition of Lebanese university students." Nutrition & Food Science 48, no. 2 (2018): 228–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nfs-08-2017-0172.
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Purpose This study aims to examine the effect of socio-demographic, lifestyle and dietary factors on body composition among students from a private Lebanese University. Design/methodology/approach In this cross-sectional study, socio-demographic and lifestyle variables were collected. Height and waist circumference were measured. Inbody 720 (Biospace, Korea) was used to assess body composition (percentage body fat [PBF], visceral fat area [VFA], skeletal muscle mass [SMM]) and fitness score. Diet was assessed using the MEDFICTS (meats, eggs, dairy, fried foods, fat in baked goods, convenience foods, fats added at the table and snacks) questionnaire. Findings Out of 392 students, 3.1 per cent were underweight, 59 per cent were normal and 40 per cent were overweight and obese. In women,10.5 per cent adhered to the therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) compared to men (2.5 per cent), while 52.5 per cent of men needed dietary changes compared to 39.5 per cent of women, (p < 0.01). The most important predictors of PBF were being a woman, older age, lower fitness score and lower MEDFICTS score. The predictors of VFA were being a man, older age, less sleep time and lower fitness score. Being a man, smoking, higher fitness score and higher MEDFICTS score were predictors of SMM. Practical implications Upon university acceptance and as part of usual health screenings in universities, the authors’ study recommends screening of lifestyle and dietary habits of students, identifying students at risk and providing appropriate health interventions tailored to students’ needs. Originality/value This study is the first, in Lebanon, to assess the effects of sleep, stress, fitness and dietary habits on body composition of Lebanese university students.
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Calfat, Natalia Nahas. "The Frailties of Lebanese Democracy: Outcomes and Limits of the Confessional Framework." Contexto Internacional 40, no. 2 (2018): 269–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-8529.2018400200002.
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Abstract Lebanon is frequently referred to as a model of a plural and stable democracy in the Middle East: a multi-ethnic and pluri-religious society that guarantees political representation through a power-sharing confessional framework. Numerous authors also see the consociational model as the best democratic alternative given such a high degree of domestic heterogeneity. However, by emphasising Lebanese stability vis-à-vis a troubled regional scenario, these positive perceptions have neglected some elements of how democracy actually works in Lebanon. In this article, I analyse two domestic dimensions that hinder the success of the Lebanese democratic experience (the pre-attribution of seats and distortions of representation) and point to the limits, effects and consequences of consociationalism in this specific confessional reality. The results of this case study indicate that highly institutionalised consociational arrangements can lead to sectarianism, institutional instability, clientelism, and state frailty. I also lay out some lessons and implications that can be derived from such a framework in terms of harmful sectarian narratives at both the local and regional levels.
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Strindberg, Anders, and Mats Wäärn. "Realities of Resistance: Hizballah, the Palestinian Rejectionists, and al-Qa'ida Compared." Journal of Palestine Studies 34, no. 3 (2005): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2005.34.3.23.
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In the U.S.-led ““global war on terrorism,”” al-Qa'ida and its militant affiliates have come to serve as both symbol and explanatory matrix for a range of disparate militant groups in the Middle East and beyond. Included among these are the Palestinian rejectionist factions and the Lebanese Hizballah, despite the fact that their roots, worldviews, and agendas are inimical to those of al-Qa'ida. This article argues that the scholarly and political effort to lump together diverse resistance groups into a homogenous ““terrorist enemy,”” ultimately symbolized by Osama Bin Laden, is part and parcel of neocolonial power politics whereby all ““native”” struggles against established power structures are placed beyond reason and dialogue. The authors contend that while the Palestinian rejectionist factions and the Lebanese Hizballah may be understood as local representations of the anticolonial ““third worldist”” movement, al-Qa'ida and its affiliates operate within a ““neo--third worldist”” framework, a dichotomy that entails tactical and strategic differences, both political and military. The article draws on an extensive series of author interviews with leaders and cadres from Hizballah and the Palestinian factions.
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 7, no. 1 (2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v7i1.4670.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 7, Number 1 Ayoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIan McFarlane, University of Reading, UKIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonRajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, IndiaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USARomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaSteven V. Cates, Purdue University-Global, USAVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, Moldova
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Harb, Bissane, Dina Sidani, and Eleonora Veglianti. "Resilient leadership in the food service sector in Lebanon." ITM Web of Conferences 51 (2023): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20235106002.
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For the past two years, the Lebanese socio-economic crisis has had disastrous effects on the hospitality industry especially the food Service sector. During high adversity and incredibly challenging times, leaders must develop and nurture resilience in the organizations. Resilience may be the attribute that is most needed today by Lebanese leaders since they ought to be more responsive and more attuned to the unprecedented difficult conditions in the country. Based on the Duchek (2020) model of organizational resilience, and the crisis management approach, this qualitative research study focuses on gaining insight and understanding about the managers/owners’ perceptions of events and circumstances affecting their industry, and how they have adjusted to the challenges raised simultaneously by the worst economic crisis in the country and by the spread of Covid-19 around the world. The authors of the study utilized semi-structured interviews to collect and analyze the study data. The findings reveal that pursuing resilience is a process based on the interactions between organizational resilience capabilities and crisis management tasks, and it is mainly characterized by three phases: anticipation of potential threats, coping with disruption and adapting to the new reality.
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Khalil, Sandra, and Patrick O’sullivan. "Corporate social responsibility: Internet social and environmental reporting by banks." Meditari Accountancy Research 25, no. 3 (2017): 414–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-10-2016-0082.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide further insight into internet social and environmental reporting (ISER) in the Middle East by investigating the ISER of Lebanese banks as well as their greenwashing behaviour and identifying its extent, quality and association with different variables such as profitability, size, religion and other variables. Design/methodology/approach This study adopted a mixed methodology. Interviews were conducted to seek the opinions of banks towards corporate social responsibility (CSR). Content analysis of bank’s websites was used to examine the extent, quality and association of ISER with several bank characteristics. Findings The results show the prevalent use of ISER and greenwashing by Lebanese banks. The most disclosed category of ISER is community, whereas the least disclosed is environment. The study found a positive association between ISER and bank profitability, size, leverage and ownership concentration and an insignificant relationship with age and religion. Research limitations/implications The authors recognise that the sample is small and addresses a single context and that it could have been expanded to other Middle Eastern contexts. However, the study is exploratory focusing on the Lebanese banking sector which is one of the most developed in the region. Further longitudinal studies could also be conducted to complement the work. The process used to measure greenwashing could be enhanced by addressing the materiality of CSR disclosures to stakeholders and the purpose of communicating CSR information. Practical implications In light of the empirical findings, banks will gain a better understanding of the status and importance of ISER and will understand the risks of greenwashing leading them towards higher standard ISER and more ethical activities, which will have a positive impact on the Lebanese economy and society. Originality/value This study examines almost all aspects of online social and environmental disclosures including the webpage, CSR sections in addition to online published reports; it is an investigation about ISER with reference to Lebanon which has perhaps the most significant banking sector in the Middle East. It tackles the greenwashing issue in a new context and in a different way by examining its association with several variables. The study also investigates the association between religion and ISER which has seldom been tackled in similar studies.
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El Takach, Suzanne, and Hagop A. Yacoubian. "Science Teachers’ and Their Students’ Perceptions of Science and Scientists." International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 8, no. 1 (2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.v8i1.806.
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The purpose of this study was to explore school science teachers’ and their students’ perceptions of science and scientists. The participants included 116 in-service middle school chemistry teachers who attended a training program at the Faculty of Education, Lebanese University, and 250 of their students, randomly selected from a larger sample of 2345, enrolled in Grades 7-9 at Lebanese public schools all over Lebanon. Using the Draw-a-scientist-test (DAST), qualitative and quantitative data was collected from the participating teachers and their students. The teachers themselves administered the test to their students. Results showed that the stereotypical image of a scientist being a Caucasian, male, working in a lab, and conducting experiments mainly in chemistry were prevalent. There was absence of contemporary scientists and female scientists among the preferred names of scientists delivered by the students. The participants held positive attitudes towards scientists and many students were usually positive about pursuing careers in science and technology. Compared to their teachers, more students thought that scientists make inventions in the field of technology. Students in lower grades had more diverse images of scientists. The stereotypical images increased among students of higher grades and became more similar to those of their teachers and the authors of the textbooks that they use.
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Chedid, Mabelle, Salwa Tawk, Ali Chalak, Sarah Karam, and Shadi Hamadeh. "The Lebanese Kishk: A Traditional Dairy Product in a Changing Local Food System." Journal of Food Research 7, no. 5 (2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jfr.v7n5p16.
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This paper focuses on analyzing the production chain of traditional kishk prepared with wheat and milk in two Lebanese regions, the West Bekaa and the Chouf. It aims at assessing kishk processing to analyze the sustainability of this traditional product especially under the impact of changing wheat production and milk availability. A survey was conducted at the level of kishk producers and wheat farmers to identify the different production systems based on their scale and their practices. Results showed that kishk production has been sustained by rural women in the designated areas and was not affected by the changes that have occurred in the wheat sector which included introduction of new wheat varieties; on the contrary, this traditional product has adopted the new varieties. In addition, the versatility of kishk recipe prepared from cow, sheep or goat milk, makes this dairy product resilient to changes in milk availability and sources. However, the authors found that conserving traditional kishk requires substantial efforts in marketing, certification, and quality control.
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Chidiac El Hajj, Mireille, Richard Abou Moussa, and May Chidiac. "Environmental sustainability out of the loop in Lebanese universities." Journal of International Education in Business 10, no. 01 (2017): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jieb-01-2017-0005.
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Purpose Education is foundational for creating caring sustainable leaders and organizations. This paper aims to investigate whether historically eminent Lebanese universities are integrating sustainability courses and practices in their curriculum, and to discern whether these universities’ administrators are currently providing, or plan to provide, positive educational experience through addressing sustainability concepts and tools in their respective universities. Design/methodology/approach The authors based their qualitative study on a multimodal design for explorative and recommendation purposes. The review of literature and online search facilitated setting standards and benchmarking. Face-to-face interviews and observation corroborated the findings and provided insight. The information was systematically ordered to tackle sustainability as a product and as a process on different campuses. All research was subject to ethical clearance from the studied subjects. Findings Compiling the input from all participants revealed that there is an urgent need to reform universities’ products and processes, in addition to a necessary call for support from governmental entities. The seeds of environmental sustainability are present in varying degrees in universities that have been continuously functional in the service of higher education in Lebanon for a period of 50 years or more. Research limitations/implications The lack of contextual, comprehensive models, toward which change can be geared, presents a limitation to this work. Another limitation is that this study was restricted to historically prominent universities with the valid assumption that they play a leadership role in higher education. More universities should be investigated to further validate the findings, to complement this project and to allow for generalizability and comparison with initial findings. Practical implications More focus is needed to prepare present students and the future community to rely on available resources. The paper outlines the need to change the educational approach in Lebanese universities. It addresses a call to the administrators of all universities to provide the right policies, tools, materials and other resources to help sustainability. Social implications Universities are called to play a major role especially in inspiring and teaching sustainability concepts. It is worth noting that education can be seen as a social good. If education is well served, it can create jobs, generate high revenues and raise standards of living. But serving the education “well” may require disruption of the status quo, which, if done creatively, will lead to novel approaches and solutions that outweigh the disruption itself. Originality/value This paper has exposed the status quo of universities vis-à-vis sustainability, but it has also challenged “what is”, and opened up possibilities of what “could be”. Educational projects should be adapted with the participation of the private sector to stimulate innovation, and experience the lived dimension of sustainability. Implementing such a change represents the bridge between current and needed ways of thinking required by the new environment.
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El Mawla, Zeinab, Ghaidaa El Saddik, Maya Zeineddine, Mahmoud Hassoun, and Taghrid El Hajj. "Cerebrovascular disease in patients with COVID-19 infection: a case series from Lebanon." Annals of Medicine & Surgery 85, no. 7 (2023): 3701–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ms9.0000000000000953.
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COVID-19 has been associated with a variety of multi-organs complications, with an increasing proportion of patients presenting with neurologic manifestations. There is still an uncertainty in the relationship between stroke and COVID-19. Therefore, in this study, the authors report 18 cases of acute stroke occurring in the setting of COVID-19 infection, including 11 ischaemic strokes and 7 haemorrhagic strokes and identified in a Lebanese tertiary hospital. In this case series, patients with ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke had elevated markers of inflammation and coagulation. Ischaemic stroke patients were treated with different regimens of anti-platelets, anticoagulants, and thrombolytic therapies. Death was the most common outcome observed and was associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection.
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Savicheva, Elena. "Peacekeeping Mission UNIFIL: “Blue Helmets” in the South of Lebanon." Asia and Africa Today, no. 6 (2023): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s032150750026134-9.
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The article focuses on the activities of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). The authors outline the conditions and prerequisites for the UN Security Council decision on deployment of a peacekeeping contingent in the south of Lebanon. They also consider the specifics of fulfilling the mission’s mandate and the tasks assigned to the peacekeepers. The authors come to the conclusion that the UN peacekeeping mission in Lebanon acts as a deterrent in the confrontation between Israel and the Lebanese Hezbollah, and it also undertakes mediation efforts in the negotiation process between Tel Aviv and Beirut. And although the results of the peacekeeping mission over the past almost four and a half decades cannot be called particularly effective, the absence of peacekeepers in the Southern Lebanon could increase the likelihood of a direct clash between the warring parties. The causes of the conflict have not yet been eliminated. Consequently, the UNIFIL mandate could be extended for years to come. The authors also pay attention to the humanitarian aspect of the peacekeeping mission, whose personnel have made significant efforts to help the local population and carried out the demining of the territory.
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 5, no. 6 (2018): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v5i6.3735.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 6 Hichem Maraghni, University of Taibah, TunisiaIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonLuca Giordano, CONSOB, ItalyMamdouh Abdelmoula M. Abdelsalam, Minufiya University, EgyptMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USASajid Mohy Ul Din, Universiti Utara Malaysia, MalaysiaSteven V. Cates, Purdue University-Global, USAY. Saidi, M’sila University, AlgeriaZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Applied Economics and Finance, Vol. 11, No. 2." Applied Economics and Finance 11, no. 2 (2024): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v11i2.6945.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 2 Djebali Nesrine, University of Jendouba, TunisiaErdal Gumus, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyFahri ÖZSUNGUR, Adana Science and Technology University, TurkeyIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineKaveh Dalvand, University of Delaware, United StatesNana Rusadze, Akaki Tsereteli State University, GeorgiaRajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, IndiaRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaShahram Fattahi, Razi University, IranShaoshu LI, Cornell University , USAZuzana Janko, San Francisco State University, USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Gukasyan, Gurgen. "ASPECTS OF THE POSITION OF SOME ARAB MASS MEDIA ON THE SITUATION AROUND UKRAINE AND THE ROLE OF RUSSIA." Eastern Analytics 14, no. 2 (2023) (2023): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2227-5568-2023-02-085-097.
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The article provides an overview of some publications in a number of English-speaking regional and international Arab mass media, with an emphasis on materials concerning the problem of the position of the Arab media and some Arab countries in relation to the situation in Ukraine and in relation to Russia. For this purpose, several new publications are given from among those closest to the official position, as well as other articles appearing in the opinion section of authors from media close to the Arabian monarchies, Lebanese and Egyptian media that differ in the presentation of the material. Also is given the opinion of the opposition Syrian author criticizing Arab media sources, as at the same time this opinion gives a kind of outline of the position of these media.
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Semaan, Nataliya V., Elena N. Demesheva, and Tatiana V. Baher. "The history of teaching the Russian language in Lebanon: a chronological overview starting with the “Moscow school” of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society until present times." Russian Language Studies 18, no. 3 (2020): 271–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-8163-2020-18-3-271-294.
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The article is dedicated to the history of teaching the Russian language in Lebanon from the end of the XIX century to present times. The authors tried to analyze how the pivotal historical moments of Russian-Lebanese relations influenced the conditions for teaching the Russian language in Lebanon. The article provides a brief description of the programs and methods used in various educational institutions for teaching Russian in Lebanon, depending on the form in which it was in demand for its functioning (at one stage or another). First as a language taught in some Moscow schools of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, then as a language for preserving the Russian culture of the Diaspora initially formed by first wave immigrants and finally at the present stage, Russian as a foreign language or as a native language for bilingual children of compatriots living in Lebanon.
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 4, no. 4 (2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v4i4.2515.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 4Aaron Morey, University of Melbourne, AustraliaDilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanEncarnación Alvarez-Verdejo, University of Granada, SpainEyup Kadioglu, Capital Markets Board, TurkeyGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Debre Berhan University, EthiopiaHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonKembo Bwana, College of Business Education, TanzaniaMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandMarta Borda, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandMurad Harasheh, University of Milan-Bicocca, ItalyNicolas Afflatet, University of the Federal Armed Forces, GermanyNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitSteven V. Cates, Kaplan University, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaTaro Abe, Nagoya Gakuin University, JapanVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Tchaparian, Vicky. "THE EASTERN PHILOSOPHER AND THE WESTERNIZED PROPHET." Armenian Folia Anglistika 17, no. 2 (24) (2021): 129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2021.17.2.129.
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Gibran Khalil Gibran is one of the few Lebanese authors who has bridged the East and the West and is justifiably considered a citizen of the world. His book of highly estimated prose poems, The Prophet is one of the most widely read books of the 20th century. It reveals Gibran’s philosophy about different aspects of life, mainly the precept in the Gospel of Matthew about the importance of the human sense of mutuality which summarizes a Christian’s duty towards his/her neighbor and states a fundamental ethical principle. In addition to this golden rule, The Prophet reflects Gibran’s beliefs in Christianity. Being a true mirror of the Sufi mysticism of Islam, it also shows his idealistic opinion on pantheism. From this perspective, the research will focus on the combination of his beliefs in Christianity, Islam, and pantheism in The Prophet, as well as his firm conviction in creating the united and unique structure of a Christian-Muslim synthesis which he deeply adhered to.
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Indelicato, Alessandro, and Juan Carlos Martín. "Attitudes towards Religions: The Impact of Being Out of the Religious Group." Religions 14, no. 10 (2023): 1218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel14101218.
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Religious beliefs are a highly debated topic in the scientific literature. Various authors have approached this issue qualitatively and quantitatively. This study examines the attitudes towards out-religious groups, considering individuals’ socioeconomic characteristics. A new approach is introduced, utilising the Fuzzy-Hybrid TOPSIS method applied to the WZB—Berlin Social Science Center database. Four items that measure the general attitude towards (a) Jews, (b) Christians, (c) Muslims, and (d) atheists, are used, and a synthetic indicator is obtained to represent the individual attitude towards religions of Torah, Koran and Bible followers. Eight countries are analysed, encompassing diverse geographical and cultural backgrounds, including Germany, Cyprus, the United States, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Turkey, and Kenya. The results reveal that Germans are more open towards other religious and non-religious groups, while Lebanese citizens demonstrate the lowest levels. The findings show that Jews are the most tolerant towards other religious groups, whereas Muslims have the lowest attitudes level. Also, individual socioeconomic factors determine the attitudes towards other religious groups, such as age, education, income levels, and experiences of discrimination based on religion.
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Alamah, Zein, Ibrahim AlSoussy, and Ali Fakih. "The Role of International Research Collaboration and Faculty Related Factors in Publication Citations: Evidence from Lebanon." Economies 11, no. 3 (2023): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies11030090.
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The importance of international collaboration in the research field is well-documented, but its impact on the number of citations received by research publications is not fully understood. This paper aims to fill this gap by examining the relationship between international collaboration and other factors and the number of citations for research publications. Using data from the Lebanese American University, the authors employ ordinary least squares estimation to analyze the impact of international collaboration on the number of citations while controlling for various publications, authorship, university, and socioeconomic factors. The results show that international collaboration has a statistically significant positive effect on the number of citations. Based on these findings, we recommend that institutions and researchers seeking to increase the number of citations for their publications should focus on building and maintaining strong international collaborations and publishing in high-quality journals. This paper provides evidence of the importance of international collaboration for researchers seeking to increase the reach and impact of their publications. It also provides insights into the relevance of other factors, such as the number of publications, age, and journal rank.
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Taha, Jamal M., Fuad S. Haddad, and Jeffrey A. Brown. "Intracranial Infection after Missile Injuries to the Brain: Report of 30 Cases from the Lebanese Conflict." Neurosurgery 29, no. 6 (1991): 864–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1227/00006123-199112000-00010.
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Abstract This study reviews the features of 30 intracranial infections complicating 600 penetrating head injuries from missiles in patients treated at the American University of Beirut Medical Center between 1981 and 1988. The follow-up period ranged from 1 month to 7 years (mean, 2.5 years). Sixteen patients had a brain abscess, 9 had cerebritis, 2 had an infected intracerebral hematoma, and 5 had meningitis. Infection developed 4 days to 7 years after the initial debridement. The infecting organisms were Gram positive in 11 patients (36%), Gram negative in 12 (40%), and a combination of Gram positive and Gram negative in 2 (7%). Twenty-four patients (80%) had wound dehiscence or cerebrospinal fluid leakage at the time the infection appeared. There was a 76% correlation between the organisms cultured from the dehisced scalp wound and the brain. Twenty-three patients had intracranial retention of bone. Infection developed in 16 of the 30 patients (70%) around bone fragments, in 4 around a metallic fragment, in 2 around absorbable gelatin sponge, and in 3 along the missile tract; 2 had an infected intracerebral hematoma, and 3 had meningitis. At least one of the following risk factors was present in each patient: extensive brain injury, coma, trajectory through an air sinus, cerebrospinal fluid fistula, inadequate initial debridement, or incomplete dural closure. The incidence of intracranial infection in patients with postoperative retention of bone was 4% in the absence of scalp wound dehiscence, compared with 84.6% when wound dehiscence was present. Ten patients (43%) still retained a bone fragment measuring less than 1 cm after excision of a brain abscess or treatment of cerebritis or meningitis. None developed a recurrent infection. The authors conclude that a bone fragment measuring less than 1 cm that is retained after treatment of intracranial infection caused by a missile injury to the brain does not have to be removed when there is not wound dehiscence or leakage of cerebrospinal fluid.
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Talih, Farid. "Authors’ Response to Comment on “Examining Burnout, Depression, and Attitudes Regarding Drug Use Among Lebanese Medical Students During the 4 Years of Medical School”." Academic Psychiatry 42, no. 4 (2018): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40596-018-0919-1.
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Мirzekhanov, V. S., and Ph O. Trunov. "Germany-Iran Relations in Political-Military Sphere: The Impossible Unlocking of Potential?" MGIMO Review of International Relations 13, no. 3 (2020): 186–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2020-3-72-186-204.
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The article explores the current relations between Germany and Iran in politicalmilitary sphere. Both countries belong to the category of emerging powers (the Germany is perhaps the single emerging power among Euro-Atlantic states). Outlining the contours of bilateral relations, the authors underline the presence of imperial historical code in each country, the growing internal political problems (dwindling authority of the ruling elites) and mutual interest in deepening trade-industrial partnership with Germany becoming a technological modernizer of Iranian economy.The authors show that Iranian factor has a growing impact over German policy in the Near East and the Middle East, especially in Lebanese, Syrian, Iraqi and Yemeni armed conflicts. In the first three cases Germany tries to limit the scale, the character (non-combatant capabilities), geographic area (not in deep regions) of the Bundeswehr usage. One of the key reasons of it is that Germany avoids being drawn into action against the Iranian troops or its junior allies («Hezbollah» in Lebanon, Shia combatants in Southern Iraq). Germany also recognizes that ignoring Iranian interests in each of these cases will make it difficult to maintain its political-military presence in the region. Because of the Yemen conflict with active participation of Saudi Arabia Germany has imposed arms embargo for the Kingdom.Germany attempted to keep the Iranian nuclear deal after Trump`s administration withdrawal from the agreement. The authors try to estimate the probable position of Germany towards possible military-political crisis in the region involving Iran and especially towards a potential US war against Iran.What result will Germany strive for in the Iranian direction? According to the authors, this is a significantly expanded formula of 2015. In addition to maintaining the JCPOA and mutually beneficial growth in trade and economic cooperation, this formula includes:– minimizing the threat of a military conflict against Iran (which has become especially important after the assassination of General Qasem Soleimani on January 3, 2020);– in exchange for this clear limitation of Iran’s influence in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Yemen.
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El Itani, Bilal, Fouad Ben Abdelaziz, and Hatem Masri. "A Bi-objective Covering Location Problem." Management Decision 57, no. 2 (2019): 432–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-04-2018-0474.
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PurposeAmbulance response time is an important factor in saving lives and is highly linked with the ambulance location problem. The Maximum Expected Covering Location Problem (MEXCLP), introduced by Daskin (1983), is one of the most used ambulance location models that maximize the probability of stratifying demands for emergency medical service (EMS) centers. Due to huge increase in the operational costs of EMS centers, ambulance location models must consider the cost of coverage and the opportunity to use other companies’ private ambulances to answer emergency calls. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors propose to extend the MEXCLP to a bi-objective optimization problem where the cost of satisfying emergency calls is minimized.FindingsThe proposed model is tested using data retrieved from the Lebanese Red Cross (LRC) in Beirut capital of Lebanon. The reported findings show significant enhancements in the results where the LRC can fully satisfy the perceived demands from all areas in Beirut within 9 min with an affordable cost.Originality/valueThe model is a first attempt to reduce operational costs of EMS centers while constraining the response time to satisfy emergency calls at an acceptable rate.
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Burtt, Jon, Katie Lavers, and Iqbal Barkat. "Introduction and Interview: A multi-arts project." Performing Islam 8, no. 1 (2019): 157–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/pi_00009_1.
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Abstract In this article digital artist and filmmaker Iqbal Barkat discusses his new work Terrorist/Apostate, a multi-arts project, with scholars Katie Lavers and Jon Burtt. Terrorist/Apostate is based on the lived experience of his collaborator, Lebanese Australian actor Fadi Alameddin. It explores the tensions that arise as the central character begins to question his faith and his identity as a Muslim in Western Sydney. Barkat discusses how the play is informed by the critical discourse between different, often polarized, readings of Islam across a wide range of media. In particular he suggests that contemporary discussions of Islam by Muslim writers including feminists, humanitarians, LBGTI community members, and religious scholars reveal a more complex and nuanced idea of Islam than the reductive 'popular critiques' presented by many western commentators, and that authors such as Tariq Ali, Fatema Mernissi, and Nawal El Saadawi engage with the notion that there never has been a single idea of what constitutes Islam, but rather 'a plurality of Islams'. Through a wide-ranging open-ended interview process Barkat discusses this critical discourse about contemporary Islam in the context of this important new theatre work.
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 4, no. 5 (2017): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v4i5.2630.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 5Asad K. Ghalib, Liverpool Hope University, UKAyoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanDilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanEncarnación Alvarez-Verdejo, University of Granada, SpainErdal Gumus, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyEyup Kadioglu, Capital Markets Board, TurkeyGeorge Theocharides, Cyprus International Institute of Management, CyprusGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Debre Berhan University, EthiopiaIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineLuca Giordano, IOSCO (International Organization of Securities Commissions), ItalyMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMasonic Lodge, TurkeyNicolas Afflatet, University of the Federal Armed Forces, GermanyNuno Crespo, ISCTEIUL, PortugalPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitRomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaRuhet GENC, Turkish-German University, TurkeySherry Jensen, Florida Institute of Technology, USASorin Gabriel Anton, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, RomaniaSteven V. Cates, Kaplan University, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaTaro Abe, Nagoya Gakuin University, JapanVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaWing-Keung Wong, Asia University, TaiwanZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 5, no. 3 (2018): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v5i3.3250.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 3Aaron Morey, University of Melbourne, AustraliaAli Massoud, Sohag University, EgyptAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelAsad K. Ghalib, Liverpool Hope University, UKDilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanEncarnación Alvarez-Verdejo, University of Granada, SpainEyup Kadioglu, Capital Markets Board, TurkeyFarhat Iqbal, University of Balochistan, Quetta – Pakistan. , Pakistan.He Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandMarwa Biltagy, Cairo University, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, EgyptMohammed Al-Mahish, King Faisal University, Saudi ArabiaMojeed Idowu John Odumeso-Jimoh, Noble Integrated Resources & Management, NigeriaNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandProf. Aloysius Ajab AMIN, Institute for Development Solutions, Inc, USARamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USARomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaSherry Jensen, Florida Institute of Technology, USASteven V. Cates, Kaplan University, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, Guatemala Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 6, no. 1 (2018): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v6i1.3905.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 1 Andrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelAyoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanEyup Kadioglu, Capital Markets Board, TurkeyGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Debre Berhan University, EthiopiaHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaHichem Maraghni, University of Taibah, TunisiaIan McFarlane, University of Reading, UKIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandMamdouh Abdelmoula M. Abdelsalam, Minufiya University, EgyptMarco MELE, University of Teramo, ItalyMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyMarta Borda, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandMohammed Al-Mahish, King Faisal University, Saudi ArabiaNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalOlena Sokolovska, Research Institute of Fiscal Policy, State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, UkrainePatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandRajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, InidaRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USARomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaRuhet Genc, Turkish-German University, TurkeySteven V. Cates, Purdue University-Global, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaZuzana Janko, San Francisco State University, USA Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 5, no. 1 (2017): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v5i1.2895.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 1Aaron Morey, University of Melbourne, AustraliaAli Massoud, Sohag University, EgyptAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelAyoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanDilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanDyah Wulan Sari, Airlangga University, IndonesiaErdal Gumus, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaHichem Maraghni, University of Taibah, TunisiaIan McFarlane, University of Reading, UKIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineJolita Vveinhardt, Lithuanian Sports University, LithuaniaKembo Bwana, College of Business Education, TanzaniaLuca Giordano, IOSCO (International Organization of Securities Commissions), ItalyMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandMahmoud Mohammed Sabra, Al Azhar University-Gaza, PalestineMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyMohammed Al-Mahish, King Faisal University, Saudi ArabiaMojeed Idowu John Odumeso-Jimoh, Noble Integrated Resources & Management, NigeriaNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalOlena Sokolovska, Research Institute of Fiscal Policy, State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, UkrainePatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaRomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaSteven V. Cates, Kaplan University, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaTaro Abe, Nagoya Gakuin University, JapanVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaWing-Keung Wong, Asia University, TaiwanY. Saidi, M’sila University, AlgeriaZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USA
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 5, no. 2 (2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v5i2.3060.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 2Mahmoud Mohammed Sabra, Al Azhar University-Gaza, PalestineWing-Keung Wong, Asia University, TaiwanRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineSteven V. Cates, Kaplan University, USAMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandIan McFarlane, University of Reading, UKPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyY. Saidi, M’sila University, AlgeriaSzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaAaron Morey, University of Melbourne, AustraliaHichem Maraghni, University of Taibah, TunisiaAli Massoud, Sohag University, EgyptLuca Giordano, CONSOB, ItalyErdal Gumus, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyMojeed Idowu John Odumeso-Jimoh, Noble Integrated Resources & Management, NigeriaZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USADilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanMohammed Al-Mahish, King Faisal University, Saudi ArabiaAyoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanProf. Aloysius Ajab AMIN, Institute for Development Solutions, Inc, USAMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaOlena Sokolovska, Research Institute of Fiscal Policy, State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, UkraineKembo Bwana, College of Business Education, TanzaniaHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, Lebanon Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Bashir, Eman, Hussin J. Hejase, Kassem Danash, Hassan Fayyad-Kazan, and Ale J. Hejase. "An Assessment of Students’ Preferences Using Social Media Platforms on Their Selection of Private Universities in Lebanon." Journal of Business Theory and Practice 10, no. 3 (2022): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jbtp.v10n3p1.
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This paper assesses the behavior of prospective students of private universities in Lebanon on social media platforms; classifies them according to the extent and the way they use these platforms, and investigates students’ preferences using social media to choose a private University. A quantitative approach was adopted using a structured questionnaire administered to a convenient sample of 527 students from private universities in Lebanon who responded willingly. Collected data were analyzed using the SPSS program employing descriptive statistics. The university sample consisted of six Lebanese Higher Education Institutions that belong to different socio-economic categories, diverse cultures, many geographic locations, and varying chronological seniority. Results showed the influence of university pages on these platforms on students’ decisions and their adoption as a primary source of information before making their choices. Universities were unsuccessful in providing an effective communication channel with students or enabling two-way communication and motivating participation in comments, content creation, sharing experiences related to the universities, or sharing posts from their pages. Authors recommend universities review their motivational schemes for students to interact on university platforms regarding access to information and communication. For marketing, it is necessary to hire qualified staff, and provide a consistent and updated policy.
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AZAR, DANY, and SIBELLE MAKSOUD. "A new species of Protopsychoda Azar et al., 1999 from the Lower Cretaceous Lebanese amber (Diptera: Psychodidae)." Palaeoentomology 3, no. 4 (2020): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.4.5.
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Psychodidae Newman, 1834 is a large family of small, hairy nematoceran dipterans, comprising more than 2,600 described extant species. It is currently subdivided into seven subfamilies: Bruchomyiinae Alexander, 1920, Horaiellinae Enderlein, 1936, Phlebotominae Rondani, 1840, Psychodinae Newman, 1834, Sycoracinae Jung, 1954, Trichomyiinae Tonnoir, 1922, and the fossil subfamily Protopsychodinae Stebner et al., 2015. Some authors consider the group to consist of two families, i.e., Psychodidae and Phlebotomidae (Williams, 1993; Azar et al., 1999). This fact is founded only on the hematophagous and medically important aspects of the phlebotomines, nevertheless this arrangement is unfounded, because the phylogenetic relationships between the psychodid subfamilies remain unresolved, even if there is a possible sister-group relationship between the Phlebotominae and Psychodinae (Curler & Moulton, 2012). We consider recognizing phlebotomines as a separate family would necessitate also giving separate familial status to all the currently recognized subfamilies, which is not adopted here.
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 5, no. 5 (2018): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v5i5.3589.
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Reviewer AcknowledgementsApplied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 5Mahmoud Mohammed Sabra, Al Azhar University-Gaza, PalestineGeorge Theocharides, Cyprus International Institute of Management, CyprusOltiana Muharremi Pelari, University of Vlora, AlbaniaRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineMurad Harasheh, University of Milan-Bicocca, ItalySteven V. Cates, Kaplan University, USAMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Debre Berhan University, EthiopiaSajid Mohy Ul Din, Universiti Utara Malaysia, MalaysiaMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyY. Saidi, M’sila University, AlgeriaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaFarhat Iqbal, University of Balochistan, Quetta – Pakistan. , PakistanLuca Giordano, CONSOB, ItalyRuhet Genc, Turkish-German University, TurkeyErdal Gumus, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyRomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalSherry Jensen, Florida Institute of Technology, USAMojeed Idowu John Odumeso-Jimoh, Noble Integrated Resources & Management, NigeriaAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USADilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaTaro Abe, Nagoya Gakuin University, JapanIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonMamdouh Abdelmoula M. Abdelsalam, Minufiya University, EgyptNikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Hatem, Mervat. "What do women want? A critical mapping of future directions for Arab Feminisms." Contemporary Arab Affairs 6, no. 1 (2013): 91–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550912.2012.756631.
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This paper was the Keynote Address to the conference organized by the Lebanese Women Researchers in October 2009 whose theme was ‘Arab Feminism: A Critical Perspective’. The conference held in Beirut, Lebanon, was attended by many scholars and activists interested in Arab feminism. It offered a critical overview of the literature, discourses and the agendas used to explore and analyse the history of Arab feminism available in Arabic and in English, the two languages with which the author is familiar. A conscious effort was made to be inclusive by making reference to as many of the works and authors available in this field as possible to shed light on the lessons to be learned from the gender struggles in different Arab states. Intellectually, the paper critically examined the founding myths of the modern history of Arab women, especially the role that men played in it, as well as the contributions that modernization and nationalism made to their roles and rights. It also addressed how the state emerged as an important agent in the definition of, response to and the appropriation of the agendas of women following decolonization. Finally, it assessed the rise of political Islam and how it contributed to new discursive and political divisions among middle-class women whose activism was historically identified with the development of Arab feminism.
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 4, no. 6 (2017): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v4i6.2756.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 6Aaron Morey, University of Melbourne, AustraliaAli Massoud, Sohag University, EgyptAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelAsad K. Ghalib, Liverpool Hope University, UKAyoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanDilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanDyah Wulan Sari, Airlangga University, IndonesiaErdal Gumus, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, TurkeyEyup Kadioglu, Capital Markets Board, TurkeyGeorge Theocharides, Cyprus International Institute of Management, CyprusGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Debre Berhan University, EthiopiaHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIan McFarlane, University of Reading, UKIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineJin Yong Yang, Hankook University of Foreign Studies, KoreaKembo Bwana, College of Business Education, TanzaniaLuca Giordano, IOSCO (International Organization of Securities Commissions), ItalyMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandMahmoud Mohammed Sabra, Al Azhar University-Gaza, PalestineMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyMohammed Al-Mahish, King Faisal University, Saudi ArabiaMurad Harasheh, University of Milan-Bicocca, ItalyNicolas Afflatet, University of the Federal Armed Forces, GermanyNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalOlena Sokolovska, Research Institute of Fiscal Policy, State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, UkrainePatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USARomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaSzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaTaro Abe, Nagoya Gakuin University, JapanVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaWoodrow Clark II, Clark Strategic Partners, United States, USAZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USANikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Gibbs, Nikki. "Reviewer Acknowledgements." Applied Economics and Finance 6, no. 2 (2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/aef.v6i2.4165.
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Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 6, Number 2 Mahmoud Mohammed Sabra, Al Azhar University-Gaza, PalestineGeorge Theocharides, Cyprus International Institute of Management, CyprusRamona Orastean, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, RomaniaIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineSteven V. Cates, Purdue University-Global, USAMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandVictoria Cociug, Academy of Sciences of Moldova, MoldovaJolita Vveinhardt, Lithuanian Sports University, LithuaniaIan McFarlane, University of Reading, UKPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandGetamesay Bekele Meshesha, Debre Berhan University, EthiopiaNicolas Afflatet, University of the Federal Armed Forces, GermanyMarco Muscettola, Independent Researcher-Credit Risk Manager, ItalyY. Saidi, M’sila University, AlgeriaSorin Gabriel Anton, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, RomaniaRichard Nguyen, Alliant International University, USASzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaAaron Morey, University of Melbourne, AustraliaFarhat Iqbal, University of Balochistan, Quetta – Pakistan. , PakistanHichem Maraghni, University of Taibah, TunisiaLuca Giordano, CONSOB, ItalyRomeo Victor Ionescu, Dunarea de Jos University, RomaniaSebastian Schich, Organisation for Economic Coopertaion and Development (OECD), FranceNuno Crespo, ISCTE-IUL, PortugalAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelZi-Yi Guo, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., USAAsad K. Ghalib, Liverpool Hope University, UKPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaOlena Sokolovska, Research Institute of Fiscal Policy, State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, UkraineHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIbrahim Baghdadi, Lebanese University, LebanonMamdouh Abdelmoula M. Abdelsalam, Minufiya University, EgyptDimitrios Koumparoulis, University of the People, USARajeev Rana, APB Govt. P.G. College, InidaZuzana Janko, San Francisco State University, USAKaveh Dalvand, University of Delaware, United States Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
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Srour, Soha. "The Israeli Lobby and the U.S. Response to the War in Lebanon." American Journal of Islam and Society 24, no. 1 (2007): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v24i1.1582.
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On 28 August 2006, the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR)sponsored a panel discussion on “The Israeli Lobby and the U.S. Responseto the War in Lebanon” at the National Press Club, Washington, DC. StephenWalt (Kennedy School of Government, Harvard) and John Mearsheimer(University of Chicago), authors of the controversial article “The IsraeliLobby and U.S. Foreign Policy,” were featured.The panel began with opening remarks by Corey Saylor (governmentaffairs director, CAIR) and Nihad Awad (executive director, CAIR). Awaddiscussed the war in Lebanon and the situation in Gaza, described Israel’sdropping of cluster bombs on civilian Lebanese towns, quoted a HumanRights Watch report that states Israel does not distinguish between combatants and civilians, as well as an Amnesty International report describingIsraeli actions in Lebanon as war crimes. He concluded: “Our one-sided supportfor Israel is a liability in the war on terror. It has turned much of theworld, including our European allies, against us.”Stephen Walt summarized the main arguments of his research articlewith John Mearsheimer. Among them are that comprehending the recent warin Lebanon requires an understanding of the pro-Israel groups’ politicalpower in the United States; that the Israeli lobby’s influence has led to policiesthat are not in the United States’ national interest, or in those of theregion’s countries, including Israel; and that $3 billion of American taxpayers’money is given unconditionally to a wealthy industrial nation. Hequoted former American negotiator Aaron Miller’s remark that the UnitedStates acted as Israeli’s lawyer during Oslo and has been even more onesidedunder President Bush ...
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Santina, Tania, Dominique Beaulieu, Camille Gagné, and Laurence Guillaumie. "Using the intervention mapping protocol to promote school-based physical activity among children: A demonstration of the step-by-step process." Health Education Journal 79, no. 5 (2019): 529–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896919894031.
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Objective: This study describes the step-by-step development of the I Mo ve30+ programme and outlines lessons derived from the authors’ experience using an intervention mapping protocol (IMP)-based programme design. The programme was designed to increase the moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) level at school among Lebanese children, aged 10–12 years. Design: Participatory cross-sectional design including group and individual interviews. Setting: Sidon district of Lebanon. Method: The programme was co-designed with a planning committee and included a local leader in school health, school staff including nurses and members of the target population (schoolchildren). The programme was developed using the six steps of the IMP: elaborating a logic model of the problem, formulating programme objectives, choosing the theoretical methods (i.e. the theory-based techniques used to influence a change objective) and practical applications (i.e. the applied strategies based on those theoretical methods), designing the programme, planning programme implementation, and planning the evaluation. Participants’ involvement in the programme’s activities was entirely voluntary. Results: Implemented by teachers and school nurses, this 14-week school-based programme was designed to provide an additional 30 minutes of school-based PA per day through structural environmental change, educational activities, a PA-monitoring system and PA events at school and in the classroom as well as during recess. Conclusion: IMP enabled the rigorous and systematic development of the programme to improve children’s PA level. The programme description and the lessons learned can facilitate the replication and the scaling up of the programme in other settings.
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Karam, Charlotte M., and Fida Afiouni. "Women and the legitimization of (not) engaging in paid work: logics from Lebanon." Career Development International 22, no. 6 (2017): 628–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cdi-09-2016-0148.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how public (i.e. culture, state, paid work) and private (i.e. household) patriarchal structures work to shape a woman’s own legitimacy judgments concerning not engaging in paid work. The authors trace the intersection and interaction of legitimacy logics at both the collective (i.e. validity) and individual (i.e. propriety) levels, thereby gaining a better contextual understanding of each woman’s perception of career opportunities and limitations. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative methodology drawing from 35 semi-structured interviews with Lebanese women. A multilevel analytic framework combining the institutional structures of private and public patriarchy with the micro-processes of institutional logics is used. Findings Legitimization of (not) engaging in paid work is often tied to patriarchal logics that favor private sphere responsibilities for women, particularly related to the relational and instrumental logics of childrearing and husband-oriented responsibilities. Women’s legitimacy judgment formation seems to be based on multilevel cues and on differential instances of evaluative vs passive judgment formation. Some appear to passively assume the legitimacy of the logics; while others more actively question these logics. The findings suggest that active questioning is often overwhelmed by the negative and harsh realities making the woman succumb to passivity and choosing not to engage in paid work. Originality/value This study provides: a better mapping of the individual woman’s daily cognitions concerning the legitimacy of (not) engaging in paid work; and a unique multilevel analytic framework that can serve as a useful example of contextualizing career research.