Dissertations / Theses: 'Lee Prince'

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Prince, Leland Fred. "Leland F. Prince's Earth Divers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2085.

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My stoneware sculptures in my MFA final project were named Earth Divers because clay as a material is earth and clay is also symbolic of the Earth. The way that I physically dive into clay up to my elbows is a poetic performance. The sculptures were built in sections horizontally and then stacked vertically. I began the process by first making life size plaster molds of the human figure taken from live people. Earth Divers take their architectural structure specifically from the organic curves of the negative voids that are characteristic of the plaster figure molds. I built into these plaster molds a block or brick like section. I then removed the large block sections from the molds and stacked the sections one on top of the other combining the figurative and architectural structures with gothic influence. The sculptor, Stephen De Staebler, who works in a similar fashion, describes his work as, "... first laying the figure down and later standing it in a vertical position." The way of life that was lost with the manufacturing past of my family at Castone Brick is found in the use of industrial nostalgia by modeling I-beam shapes as part of the structure of the stacked sections. I also fired nuts, bolts, and washers of various sizes in the clay that build the surface of the human forms. The square nut seen in my work is no longer being manufactured and is symbolic of the passing of the industrial age in America. Finally, to build the surfaces of my sculptures I used slips, glazes, and a variety of clays on top of clay, and laid glass fragments on the horizontal surfaces to create a look of pooled water when my work was fired similar to what I have seen in the Lehman Caves in Baker, Nevada. "I believe there is a force in this world that lives beneath the surface, something primitive and wild that awakens when you need an extra push just to survive, like wild flowers that bloom after a fire turns the forest black. Most people are afraid of it and keep it buried deep inside themselves. But, there will always be a few people who have the courage to love what is untamed inside us." (Tim McGraw)

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Leal, Bruno Westin Prado Soares. "Lei do preço único e seus desvios: existe algum padrão?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12138/tde-29012010-105400/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar padrões nos desvios da Lei do Preço Único. Utilizando dados desagregados nacionais e internacionais do período 1998-2008, aplicaram-se duas metodologias distintas: i) análise de componentes principais; e ii) estimador group mean Fully Modified OLS para painel proposto por Pedroni (2000). A análise de componentes principais facilita a identificação de padrões na variação de uma quantidade grande de dados e, o estimador group mean FMOLS permite estimar a relação de longo prazo existente entre os preços de um mesmo produto, cotados na mesma moeda, praticados em mercados distintos. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o câmbio é o principal responsável pelos desvios da Lei do Preço Único. Ademais, os resultados sugerem a existência de uma relação fraca entre os preços de um mesmo bem, cotados em Reais, mas comercializados nos mercados brasileiro e americano.
The main goal of this essay is to identify patterns in deviation from the law of one price. Using disaggregated data from Brazil and USA for the period 1998-2008, we applied two different methodologies: i) principal component analysis and ii) panel group mean Fully Modified OLS estimator proposed by Pedroni (2000). The principal component analysis facilitates the identification of patterns in the variation of a large amount of data, while the group mean FMOLS estimates the long run relationship between prices of the same good, quoted in the same currency, charged in separated markets. The results indicate that the exchange rate is the main responsible for deviations from the law of one price. Moreover, the results suggest the existence of a weak relationship between the prices of the same good, quoted in Reais, but sold in the Brazilian and American markets.

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Hancock, Philip Jackson. "Adaptive Torque Control of a Novel 3D-Printed Humanoid Leg." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99408.

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In order to function safely in a dynamic environment with humans and obstacles, robots require active compliance control with force feedback. In these applications the control law typically includes full dynamics compensation to decouple the joints and cancel out nonlinearities, for which a high-fidelity model of the robot is required. In the case of a 3D-printed robot, components cannot be easily modeled due non-uniform densities, inconsistencies among the 3D printers used in manufacturing, and the use of different plastics with mechanical properties that are not widely known. To address this issue, this thesis presents an adaptive control framework which modifies the model parameters online in order to achieve satisfactory tracking performance. The inertial properties are estimated by adapting with respect to functions of the unknown parameters. This is achieved by rewriting the robot dynamics equations as the product of a matrix of known nonlinear functions of the joint states and a vector of constant unknowns. The result is a nonlinear system linearly parameterized in terms of the of the unknowns, which can be estimated using adaptation laws derived from Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed control system consists of an outer-loop impedance controller to regulate deviations from the nominal trajectory in the presence of disturbances, and an inner-loop force controller to track the joint torques commanded by the outer-loop. The proposed system is evaluated on an early prototype consisting of a 3DOF leg, and two actuator test setups for the low-level controller.
Master of Science
In order to function safely in a dynamic environment with humans and obstacles, a robot must be able to actively control its interaction forces with the outside environment. In these applications a high-fidelity model of the robot is required. In the case of a 3D-printed robot, the components in the robot cannot be easily modeled due non-uniform densities, inconsistencies among the 3D printers used in manufacturing, and the use of different plastics with mechanical properties that are not widely known. To address this issue, this thesis presents an adaptive control framework which actively modifies the model parameters in order to achieve satisfactory tracking performance. In this work, the equations of motion of the robot are manipulated in such a way that the unknown quantities are separated from the known quantities. The unknowns are updated in real time using adaptive laws derived from Lyapunov stability theory. The proposed control system consists of a high-level torque controller to regulate deviations from the nominal trajectory, and a low-level force controller to track the joint torques commanded at the high-level. The proposed system is evaluated on an early prototype of the robot consisting of a 3 degree of freedom leg, and two actuator test setups for the low-level controller.

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Schenk, David. "Optimalizace desky plošného spoje pro výkonovou LED." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220226.

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This diploma thesis deals with the problems of heat transfer on printed circuit boards. The first part consists of a theoretical analysis of the principles of conduction of heat in different environments, comparing the properties of common type’s base materials for PCBs in terms of thermal properties and focuses on heat transfer from the chip. In the following part they are general information about the program ANSYS ® Workbench ™. Next part consists of the basic designs of PCBs and their improving. PCBs thermal properties for different configurations are verified with calculations, simulations and practical measurements. In the last part there are created design recommendations for PCBs design based on the comparison of the results of initial proposals and proposals to improvements.

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Freitas, Bruna Castanheira de. "IMPRIMINDO A LEI: COMO A IMPRESSÃO 3D AFETA A PROPRIEDADE INTELECTUAL." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2016. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2758.

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This paper aims to map how 3D printing is already affecting and will affect intellectual property. In Chapter 1, we trace the historical development of intellectual property as well as the philosophical justifications for this related to the development of technologies that work with content (music and movies) such as the internet. Therefore, we make analogies with this case in order to capture insights that can guide the analysis regarding the relation intellectual property and 3D printer . Chapter 2 lends itself to analyze the 3D printer and its development in the market; there are also reflections on the Maker Movement, Open Source Hardware licenses and the environmental effects of this technology. Chapter 3 analyzes cases that have already occurred involving 3D printers and intellectual property, analyzing how this technology further enhances the problem of the performance of intellectual property in the XXI century.
O presente trabalho objetiva mapear de que forma a impressão 3D já afeta e afetará a propriedade intelectual. No Capítulo 1, traça-se o desenvolvimento histórico da propriedade intelectual, bem como as justificativas filosóficas para esta em face do desenvolvimento de tecnologias que trabalham com conteúdos (músicas e filmes) como a interent. São feitas assim analogias com este caso de forma a capturar insights que possam nortear análises a respeito da relação propriedade intelectual e impressora 3D . O Capítulo 2 se presta a analisar a impressora 3D e o seu desenvolvimento no mercado; há também reflexões a respeito do Movimento Maker, licenças Open Source Hardware e os efeitos ambientais desta tecnologia. O Capítulo 3 analisa casos que já ocorreram envolvendo a impressora 3D e propriedade intelectual, analisando-se de que forma esta tecnologia problematiza ainda mais o desempenho da propriedade intelectual no século XXI.

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Chen, Lin. "Les politiques publiques de précaution : le cas des biocarburants." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30085.

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L'invocation, l'application et les implications politiques du principe de précaution suscitent de nombreux débats. Les décideurs sont constamment confrontés à un dilemme, celui de traiter des risques technologiques pour la santé humaine, la sécurité et l'environnement. En utilisant la théorie de l'activité communicative et la théorie du droit et de la démocratie de Habermas, cette thèse explore à la fois l'invocation et l'application légitimes du principe de précaution et les politiques publiques de précaution sur la base de l'examen des fondements normatifs et de la performance du principe de précaution en politique publique. En outre, cette thèse met les politiques publiques de précaution à l'épreuve des biocarburants
The invocation, application and policy implications of the precautionary principle are giving rise to much debate. Policymakers are constantly confronted with the dilemma of dealing with the technological risks to human health, safety and the environment. By using Habermas¡¯s theory of communicative activity and discourse theory of law and democracy, this thesis explores both the legitimate invocation and application of the precautionary principle and the precautionary public policy on the basis of reviewing the normative foundations and performance of the precautionary principle in public policy. Furthermore, this thesis puts the precautionary public policy to the test of biofuels

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Fontella, Claudio Dutra. "Improbidade por viola??o dos princ?pios da administra??o : uma abordagem sistem?tica do art. 11 da Lei n. 8.429/92." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2008. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4018.

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O objetivo deste trabalho ? discorrer acerca da for?a normativa dos princ?pios, entender melhor como deve ocorrer, juridicamente, o enquadramento da improbidade administrativa e como pode ser punida. Assim, buscou-se demonstrar a forma normativa dos princ?pios, sua distin??o das regras e conceituar a improbidade administrativa. Tamb?m foram abordados os princ?pios constitucionais regentes da Administra??o P?blica, conceituando-se os princ?pios expressos na Constitui??o, como a legalidade, a impessoabilidade, a moralidade, a publicidade e a efici?ncia. Da mesma forma, foram tratados os outros princ?pios n?o expressos, como o do interesse p?blico, da motiva??o e da finalidade, dedicando-se cap?tulo ? parte aos princ?pios da proporcionalidade e da razoabilidade, porquanto incidem eles tanto na individualiza??o de uma conduta como ?mproba quanto na aplica??o das san??es cominadas a tal ato; tudo com vista a demonstrar que o foco dos atos tem de estar voltado para o respeito aos princ?pios constitucionais da administra??o. Foi, na seq??ncia, feita uma interpreta??o sistem?tica do artigo 11 da Lei n. 8.429/92, concluindo-se pela possibilidade de cometimento de improbidade administrativa por viola??o de princ?pios na modalidade culposa, apesar de o dispositivo a ela n?o se referir. Dissertou-se, por fim, acerca da repara??o ao er?rio e ? quest?o do dano moral ? Administra??o P?blica, quando caracterizada a improbidade por viola??o dos princ?pios administrativos, apontando-se afirmativamente para a ocorr?ncia daquele dano.

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Antonini, Lisli? Carvalho. "C?rcere feminino, direito ? amamenta??o e a lei n? 11.942/2009 ? luz dos princ?pios da humanidade e da pessoalidade da pena." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2014. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4975.

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The discussion of this study focuses on Law No. 11,942/2009 of May 28th of 2009, which altered the texts of Articles 14, 83 and 89 of Law Number 7210 of July 11th of 1984 - Penal Execution Law to ensure the female prison minimum conditions of assistance to imprisoned mothers and their newborns during the period of breastfeeding and the study of the principles of humanity and personality of the punishment. The Law Number 11,942 / 2009 brought major changes to the Criminal Sentencing Act, which refers to: (i) assured medical care to women and newborns; (ii) provided spaces for prison nurseries cater for children of female prisoners during breastfeeding up to six (06) months of age; (iii) ensured the existence of section for pregnant and laboring women, as well as child care for children six (06) months and younger than 07 (seven) years of age to assist the helpless child, whose mother is serving a custodial sentence and (iv) ensured that the section and the nursery will be accompanied by qualified personnel, meeting the educational standards. This study aims to determine whether the principles of humanity and personality of the punishment were contemplated in the Law Number 11,942 / 2009, given the advances with respect to maternal and arrested his son, as well as the prediction of kindergarten and nursery areas, and also the possibility of extension of time children stay in prison until 07 (seven) incomplete years of age. Accordingly, we seek to analyze the female prison, especially with regard to the period of stay of children in prisons for exercising the right to breastfeeding, as well as assess whether the principles of humanity and personality of the punishment observed in the remaining Law Number 11,942/2009
A discuss?o do presente estudo centra-se na Lei n? 11.942/2009 de 28 de maio de 2009, que deu nova reda??o aos artigos 14, 83 e 89 da Lei n? 7.210 de 11 de julho de 1984 Lei de Execu??o Penal para assegurar no c?rcere feminino condi??es m?nimas de assist?ncia ?s m?es presas e aos rec?m-nascidos no per?odo da amamenta??o e no estudo acerca dos princ?pios da humanidade e da pessoalidade da pena. A Lei n?. 11.942/2009 trouxe modifica??es importantes ? Lei de Execu??o Penal, as quais menciona-se: (i) assegurou acompanhamento m?dico ? mulher e ao rec?m-nascido; (ii) proporcionou estabelecimentos prisionais com espa?os para ber??rios para abarcar os filhos das presidi?rias no per?odo da amamenta??o at? os 06 (seis) meses de idade; (iii) assegurou a exist?ncia de se??o para gestante e parturiente, bem como creches para crian?as de 06 (seis) meses e menores de 07 (sete) anos para assistir a crian?a desamparada, cuja m?e estiver cumprindo pena privativa de liberdade e (iv) assegurou que a se??o e a creche ser?o acompanhadas por pessoal qualificado, atendendo ?s normas educacionais. O presente estudo tem por objetivo verificar se os princ?pios da humanidade e da pessoalidade da pena foram contemplados na Lei n?. 11.942/2009, considerando os avan?os no que diz respeito ? sa?de da m?e presa e do seu filho, bem como a previs?o de espa?os de creche e ber??rio e, ainda, a possibilidade de exten??o do tempo de perman?ncia das crian?as no c?rcere at? os 07 (sete) anos de idade incompletos. Nesse sentido, busca-se analisar o c?rcere feminino, especialmente, no que se refere ao per?odo de perman?ncia das crian?as nas unidades prisionais para o exerc?cio do direito ? amamenta??o, bem como aferir se os princ?pios da humanidade e da pessoalidade da pena restaram observados na Lei n?. 11.942/2009.

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Mendes, J?nior Carlos Humberto Rios. "Trabalho petrol?fero offshore no Brasil: os direitos do trabalhador embarcado ? luz do princ?pio da prote??o." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM DIREITO, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24272.

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A presente obra se disp?e a analisar a quest?o do labor ligado ? ind?stria do petr?leo quando este ocorre em plataformas e embarca??es de apoio mar?timo, no ?mbito da Zona Econ?mica Exclusiva brasileira. Pretende-se primordialmente, sob o prisma do princ?pio basilar do Direito do Trabalho que ? o Princ?pio da Prote??o, verificar com o aux?lio do m?todo hipot?tico-dedutivo a possibilidade de efetiva??o de direitos atrav?s da normatiza??o atualmente incidente sobre o setor, isto diante do contexto ambivalente da descoberta da possibilidade de extra??o na camada do "pr?-sal" aliada ? recente crise no pre?o do barril de petr?leo. De in?cio, ? trazida uma contextualiza??o quanto ? cria??o e desenvolvimento da ind?stria do petr?leo brasileira, sua expans?o para o mar, bem como as caracter?sticas do espa?o mar?timo onde a maior parte da explora??o no pa?s ocorre: a Zona Econ?mica Exclusiva. Em seguida, partindo da Constitui??o Federal de 1988, ? abordado o sistema de prote??o laboral no Brasil, sua import?ncia e princ?pios, seu di?logo de fontes e as particularidades do trabalho embarcado ? que implicam na necessidade de uma prote??o espec?fica. Posteriormente, se analisa aspectos quanto ? terceiriza??o intensa ao qual se submete o setor e ? quest?o da aplicabilidade ou n?o da legisla??o laboral sobre os contratos internacionais de trabalho, comuns na ?rea. Por fim, parte-se para uma an?lise das normas, em sentido amplo, aplic?veis tanto na atua??o do petroleiro propriamente dito como na do tripulante das embarca??es de apoio mar?timo. Este estudo se utilizou dos m?todos monogr?fico e hipot?tico-dedutivo, com revis?o de doutrina e jurisprud?ncia relativas ao tema e investiga??o das normas em sentido amplo incidentes.
This work intends to analyze the question of labour related to the oil industry when it occurs in platforms and maritime support vessels, within the scope of the Brazilian Exclusive Economic Zone. It is intended, primarily, under the prism of the fundamental principle of Labor Law, which is the Principle of Protection, to verify with the help of the hypothetical-deductive method the possibility of actualizing rights through the normatization currently pertaining to the sector, this against the ambivalent context of the discovery of the possibility of extraction in the "pre-salt" layer allied to the recent crisis in the price of the oil barrel. Initially, a contextualization about the creation and development of the Brazilian oil industry is brought, its expansion into the sea, as well as the characteristics of the maritime space where most of the exploration in the country occurs: the Exclusive Economic Zone. Next, starting from the 1988 Federal Constitution, the system of labour protection in Brazil is approached, its importance and principles, its dialogue of sources and the particularities of the offshore work, which incurs in the need of a specific protection. After, aspects on the intense outsourcing to which the sector is subjected and on the question of the applicability or not of the labor legislation on the international labour contracts, which are common in the area, are analyzed. Finally, we incur in an analysis of the norms, in a broad sense, applicable both to the performance of the oil workers themselves as well as to the crew of the maritime support vessels. This study used the monographic and hypothetical-deductive methods, with a review of doctrine and jurisprudence related to the topic and investigation of the applicable norms, in a broad sense.

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Suh, Min Jae. "The Spillover Effect of Proximity to LEED-Energy Star Certified Office Buildings On Neighborhood Market Value." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73339.

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The construction industry's two main certifications are Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and Energy Star. To achieve the triple bottom line of sustainability for these certifications, both certifications should make a positive impact individually as well as mutually, with their impact extending to the surrounding neighborhood. This research examined the spillover effect of LEED and/or Energy Star certified office buildings on the property values of other buildings in their neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City from an economic standpoint. The spatial analysis approach using the Geographic Information System and the statistical analysis approach based on the Hedonic Price Model and the Linear Mixed Effect Model were applied to identify the geographical distribution of LEED and/or Energy Star certified office buildings and their other buildings in their neighborhoods and analyze the impact of the former on the latter. The results were as follows: 1) There was a significant correlation between a LEED and/or Energy Star certified office building and the unit market values of its adjoining buildings through the unit market values of the certified office building, the LEED and/or Energy Star certification achievement, and the major features of LEED certification; 2) There was a varying spillover effect of the certified office building on the median unit market value of buildings depending on their proximities to a LEED and/or Energy Star certified office building. This research provides a firm foundation for further efforts to quantify the spillover effect of LEED and/or Energy Star certification on a neighborhood from an economic standpoint, thus supporting and encouraging growth in the local real estate market and benefitting not only the owners, developers, and investors of the certified office building but also the owners of neighboring buildings.
Ph. D.

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Fifi, Urbain. "Impacts des eaux pluviales urbaines sur les eaux souterraines dans les pays en développement : mécanismes de transfert des métaux lourds à travers un sol modèle de Port-au-Prince, Haïti." Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0122/these.pdf.

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L’infiltration directe des eaux pluviales urbaines dans les formations superficielles des pays en développement constitue un risque de contamination à la fois pour ces formations et/ou pour les eaux souterraines sous-jacentes. Cette thèse s’est focalisée sur cette problématique environnementale dans laquelle nous avons étudié le transfert réactif de trois métaux lourds (Pb, Cu et Cd) dans une formation géologique représentative : alluvions fluviatiles de la plaine du Cul-de-sac à Port-au-Prince (Haïti). Un « sol modèle » provenant du site d’étude, fraction granulométrique ≤ 2 mm considérée comme la plus réactive, a été utilisé et soumis à des solutions chargées en ions métalliques suivant deux conditions expérimentales distinctes : essais en conditions statiques (batch) et en conditions dynamiques (colonne). Les résultats obtenus à partir de ces dispositifs expérimentaux ont mis en évidence les mécanismes de rétention ou de relargage des ions métalliques dans les formations géologiques de Port-au-Prince. Les résultats en batch ont montré que la compétition entre deux ou plusieurs cations pour les mêmes sites actifs du sol peut inhiber leur sorption individuellement. Les résultats en colonne ont prouvé le caractère réactif du sol vis-à-vis des trois métaux, dont environ 99, 94 et 92 % respectivement de cadmium, de plomb et de cuivre ont été retenus dans la matrice solide. L’étude des interactions entre les métaux et l’échantillon de sol à l’aide du code PHREEQC ont montré qu’une partie des métaux a été précipitée sous la forme de carbonates (cérusite et otavite) et d’hydroxydes, et que le comportement physico-chimique des trois métaux dans le sol a été également influencé par l’échange ionique. Toutefois, les métaux retenus sont susceptibles d’être relargués et remobilisés sous l’effet d’un changement brusque des conditions acido-basiques du milieu poreux, représentant ainsi un risque de pollution pour les eaux souterraines
[Direct infiltration of urban stormwater towards superficial formations in developing countries constitutes a contamination risk for both those formations and/or subjacent groundwater. This thesis was focused a round this environ mental issue in which we have studied the three heavy metals (Pb, Cu and Cd) reactivity du ring their transfer related to urban stormwater infiltration in the alluvial formations of the Cul-de-sac Plain in Port-au-Prince. A "model soil " from the area study, with grain size s 2 mm considered as the most reactive, have been used and subjected to metal ions solutions according two different experimental conditions : static (batch) and dynamic (column) experiments. Results from these experimental deviees highlighted the retention or release mechanisms of these metal ions in the pedological medium of Port-au-Prince. Results from batch studies have showed that the competition between two or several cations for the sa me active sites in soils can inhibit the ir sorption individually. Results from columns proved the reactive character of the soil sample for the three metal ions, where approximately 99, 94 and 92% respectively for Cd, Pb and Cu have been retained on the soil. The study of the interactions between metals and the soil sample using PHREEQC code have showed that metals precipitation in a carbonated (cerrusite and otavite) and hydroxides forms and the ion exchange reactions are strongly contributed to this retention. However, these metals can be released or remobilized in the soil related to an abrupt change of the acido-basic conditions of the porous media, then representing a pollution risk for groundwater. ]

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Havelková, Iveta. "Princip partnerství na příkladu společných projektů místních akčních skupin Pardubického kraje." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359478.

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The diploma thesis The partnership on examples of joint projects of the local action groups of the Pardubice region approaches one of the forms of cooperation in which decentralization of the decision-making power is at the level of local actors. The theoretical part focuses on rural areas, local rural development actors, the LEADER method, including Community-Led Local Development, partnerships and local action groups. Rural development groups are made up of representatives of public administration, local entrepreneurs, non-profit organizations and the public. Support is provided by the LEADER method, which works on the bottom-up principle. This method contributes to better targeting of support to rural areas to the well-defined local needs of the population. The practical part focuses on local action groups from the region with a focus on the period of 2007-2013 and the implementation of cooperation projects. The aim of the diploma thesis is to identify the attitudes of local development actors towards cooperation projects, to clarify the relations between groups of local events in the Pardubice Region, to evaluate their elementary cooperation and to identify the bottom-up application rate.

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Eilers, Hanne Lea [Verfasser], Thomas K. [Gutachter] Bauer, and Christoph M. [Gutachter] Schmidt. "Housing prices and neighborhood structure : microeconomic evidence from Germany / Hanne Lea Eilers ; Gutachter: Thomas K. Bauer, Christoph M. Schmidt ; Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaft." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1185171835/34.

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Eilers, Lea [Verfasser], Thomas K. [Gutachter] Bauer, and Christoph M. [Gutachter] Schmidt. "Housing prices and neighborhood structure : microeconomic evidence from Germany / Hanne Lea Eilers ; Gutachter: Thomas K. Bauer, Christoph M. Schmidt ; Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaft." Bochum : Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:hbz:294-63829.

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Abdelhalim, Maha. "Estimating flood impact on residential values (housing price) : the case of Laval (Canada), 1995-2007." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66335.

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Cette thèse vise à améliorer notre compréhension du modèle hédonique et de son application sur les données des biens immobiliers afin d'étudier l'impact d'un événement / externalité / environnementale liée à la présence d'inondation sur la valeur des propriétés résidentielles. Étant donné que les données immobilières sont réparties dans l'espace et dans le temps, des "corrections" temporelles et spatiales sont nécessaires dans le processus de modélisation économétrique. La recherche prend appui sur l’équation de prix hédonique. L’analyse empirique recours également à l’estimateur de type différence de différences spatio-temporelles (STDID) afin d’étudier l’effet d’une inondation survenue en 1998 sur le prix des résidences dans la ville de Laval au Canada entre 1995-2007. Les résultats suggèrent que l’utilisation des informations sur les zones inondables dans le but d’évaluer l’impact des inondations sur les valeurs résidentielles n’est pas une approche nécessairement appropriée. Les conclusions suggèrent que la grande hétérogénéité des résultats notés dans la littérature n’est probablement pas étrangère à la façon de définir les résidences touchées par les inondations. Cela signifie que les recherches empiriques sur les effets des inondations sur la valeur immobilière mesurent en réalité la valeur liée à la perception du risque d'inondation et non l’effet réel de l'inondation. Les résultats suggèrent que les applications futures dans la littérature devront porter une attention particulière à la manière de définir les zones inondables et d’identifier les résidences réellement touchées.
This thesis aims to improve our understanding of the hedonic pricing model and its application on real estate property data to investigate and estimate the impact of an environmental event/externality/disamenity of flood on residential property value. Since real estate data is spatially distributed over time, temporal and spatial ‘fixes’ are required in our econometric modelling. The paper builds on the classic hedonic pricing model. A spatiotemporal difference-in-differences (STDID) approach is adopted to investigate the effect of a flood event occurring in 1998 on housing price in Laval city in Canada between 1995-2007. Results suggest that relying on flood zones to investigate the effect of flood on housing price is not an accurate method. This conclusion suggests that most of the heterogeneity in the results found in the literature mainly comes from a bad identification of the houses really flooded. Thus, the usual empirical investigation of flood effects on real estate value measures the impact of flood risk (or risk perception) and not the real effect of flood. Implications of research for future work include the importance of use of a better delimitation of actual houses flooded for the empirical investigation of flood effect on housing price.

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Johansson, Jim. "Utilizing Energy Storage Applied on Floating Wind Turbine Economics Using a Spot-Price Based Algorithm." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-328934.

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In this paper, a new algorithm for utilizing energy storage is proposed and applied on floating wind turbine economics. The proposed algorithm’s decision making on storing energy or selling electricity onto the grid is based on the electricity price, which makes it unique and different from similar algorithms. From the literature review, it was concluded Ocean Renewable Energy Storage to be most suitable with the Spar-Type and Semi-Submersible floating wind turbine to which the paper is based upon. The objective of this paper is to find the suitable ratio of energy storage versus wind farm, find the product of increase in wholesale, and evaluate whether the proposed method makes the hybrid economically sound. The algorithm was applied on spot-price data from Denmark due to its large share of wind energy with wind data from off the coast of Morro Bay in California, USA. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is applied to evaluate to energy storage cost impact as well as evaluate the algorithm by lowering the required energy storage size. Using the algorithm, the wind farm must account for nine days’ worth of energy production with a product of energy storage versus wind farm ratio of 1.42. The wholesale price increased with 11.9-21.5% for the four years studied, however, all financial results favored not utilizing energy storage. By the results derived from the sensitivity analysis, it was concluded that with future cost reductions, the algorithm will still favor no energy storage. However, by fine tuning the algorithm to reduce the need for storage, positive financial result might be achievable. The key to achieve a profitable result seems to rely on minimizing the need for energy storage, to which the proposed algorithm fail to achieve. Conclusively, spot-price decision-based energy storing is not economically sound.

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Valmont, Kendy. "Contrôle optimal stochastique avec applications à la propagation de l'e-rumeur." Thesis, Antilles, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANTI0430.

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Avec le phénomène grandissant des réseaux sociaux, une nouvelle forme de rumeur, l'e-rumeur, est née et progresse de façon significative. Un tel phénomène est important pour les communautés, organisations et états car sa propagation peut rapidement mettre en péril l'opinion publique, ainsi que les marchés économiques et financiers. Puisqu'elle peut être dangereuse pour nos sociétés, il est important de comprendre comment se diffuse l'e-rumeur afin de pouvoir la contrôler. Ce problème est un challenge pour de nombreux scientifiques car il devient de plus en plus important avec le développement de nouvelles technologies. Beaucoup d'études ont été faites dans le cas déterministe ces dernières années. Mais ce processus de diffusion multidimensionnel est principalement régi par des éléments socio-psychologiques et a aussi un caractère aléatoire. L'objectif de cette thèse est l'approche stochastique d'un tel phénomène, à savoir de modéliser son aspect aléatoire et de le contrôler par l'utilisation d'équations différentielles stochastiques et la théorie du contrôle optimal associée. En se basant sur ce qui a été fait pour des modèles épidémiologique, nous avons proposé des approches similaires pour l'e-rumeur.Dans un premier temps, nous avons présenté un nouveau modèle stochastique contenant un mouvement Brownien qui modélise l'aspect aléatoire de la propagation de l'e-rumeur. Nous avons ensuite étudié la dynamique de ce nouveau modèle. Les analyses de la persistance et de l'extinction de l'e-rumeur ont aussi été développées. Nous avons terminé l'étude de ce nouveau modèle par un jeu de données qui permet de comparer le modèle stochastique et le déterministe associé pour mettre en valeur l'intérêt de notre approche stochastique.Dans un second temps, nous avons ajouté au modèle précédent un processus de Poisson afin de modéliser la brusque augmentation du nombre de propageurs. Les mêmes analyses ont ensuite été faites pour ce deuxième modèle stochastique. Puis, nous avons complété le jeu de données précédent, en ajoutant les paramètres manquants, afin de comparer les deux modèles stochastiques avec le déterministe associé.En dernier lieu, nous avons utilisé la théorie du contrôle optimal stochastique afin decontrôler le nombre de propageurs pour minimiser la propagation de l'e-rumeur
With the growing phenomenon of social networks, a new form of rumor, the e-rumor, has been born and is progressing significantly. Such a phenomenon is important for communities, organizations and states because its spread can quickly jeopardize public opinion, as well as economic and financial markets. Since it can be dangerous for our societies, it is important to understand how the e-rumor spreads in order to be able to control it. This problem is a challenge for many scientists because it becomes more and more important with the development of new technologies. Much study has been done in the deterministic case in recent years. But this multidimensional diffusion process is mainly governed by socio-psychological elements and also has a random character. The objective of this thesis is the stochastic approach of such a phenomenon, namely to model its random aspect and to control it by the use of stochastic differential equations and the associated optimal control theory. Based on what has been done for epidemiological models, we have proposed similar approaches for the e-rumor.First, we presented a new stochastic model containing a Brownian motion which models the random aspect of e-rumor propagation. We then studied the dynamics of this new model. The analyzes of the persistence and extinction of the e-rumor were also developed. We have completed the study of this new model with a dataset that allows us to compare the stochastic model and the associated determinist to highlight the interest of our stochastic approach.Secondly, we added a Poisson process to the previous model in order to model the sudden increase in the number of propagators. The same analyzes were then made for this second stochastic model. Then, we completed the previous dataset, adding the missing parameters, in order to compare the two stochastic models with the associated determinist.Finally, we used the stochastic optimal control theory to control the number of propagators to minimize the propagation of the e-rumor

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Kirmann, Florent. "Le principe de nécessité en droit pénal des affaires." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0058/document.

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Le principe de nécessité constitue incontestablement un des piliers de l’action pénale moderne. Ce principe fut essentiellement développé au cours des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, sous l’impulsion notamment de Cesare Beccaria dont la pensée fut influencée par celle des philosophes des Lumières. Ces auteurs, animés par l’idée de modération voire d’abolition des châtiments corporels, prescrivaient un recours mesuré au droit pénal. Ces développements philosophico-juridiques étaient précurseurs d’une reprise ultérieure du principe de nécessité en droit positif, au lendemain de la révolution de 1789. Inséré au sein de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme et du citoyen, ce dernier y a acquis le statut de principe fondamental et irrigue l’ensemble du droit pénal tant en ce qui concerne les incriminations (article 5) et les peines (articles 8) que la procédure (article 9). La présente thèse situe la réflexion quant au principe de nécessité dans le domaine bien défini du droit pénal des affaires. La question de la place du droit pénal dans la sphère économique et financière est une problématique constante pour le législateur. Elle requiert de ne pas s’arrêter au seul aspect traditionnel du principe de nécessité en tant que modérateur de l’action pénale, mais de dépasser cette vision pour étudier son côté positif et engager une réflexion globale sur les raisons d’un recours au droit pénal en matière économique et financière
The necessity principle undeniably represents one of the pillars of modern criminal law. This principle was essentially developed during the XVIIth and XVIIIth centuries, in particular by Cesare Beccaria, whose thought was influenced by the Enlightenment philosophers. Driven by ideas of moderation and corporal punishment abolition, they prescribed a restrained application of criminal law. These philosophical and legal developments reappeared in substantive law after the 1789 revolution. Embedded in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, the necessity principle acquired the fundamental principle status and shapes incriminations (Article 5), punishments (Article 8) and criminal law procedure (Article 9). This work analyses the necessity principle within the area of criminal business law. The influence of criminal law in the economic and financial realm is a constant issue for the legislator. As the necessity principle involves more than the traditional aspect of moderation, its positive aspect will also be analysed in order to reflect on the rationale of its application in the economic and financial sphere

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Rannou, Pascal. "De Corbière à Tristan : la quête identitaire comme principe organisateur des "Amours jaunes"." Rennes 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998REN20023.

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Poète breton d'expression française, Tristan Corbière a trouvé selon nous dans la quête identitaire l'inspiration de son recueil unique : les amours jaunes. Né en Bretagne bretonnante dans un milieu bourgeois hostile à la langue et à la civilisation bretonnes, il va cependant être amené à renier son groupe ethnique originel pour embrasser des formes de civilisations marginales : celle du menu peuple d'Armorique, celle des marins, celle de la bohême parisienne. Son langage, inouï jusque là, en témoigne. La poésie métissée de Corbière, sa syntaxe bousculée, son rythme haletant, l'extrême richesse de son vocabulaire, ses audaces morales et littéraires attestent qu'il s'est défait des traits culturels normatifs qui caractérisaient son éducation pour tendre vers une « bâtardise » multiculturelle. Cela ne s'est pas fait sans traumatismes. Les amours jaunes témoignent de cet arrachement et de cette reconstruction identitaires. Corbière y dénonce, par son anticonformisme et son ironie mordante, les modes littéraires et les normes sociales en vigueur de son temps. Cela le plonge parfois dans une angoisse identitaire sensible dans des textes douloureux et puissants. Parfois aussi, la tentation d'une régression aux origines, celle d'un chauvinisme excessif le sollicite. Mais il se recompose dans des textes ou, s'affirmant plus Tristan que Corbière, assumant son pseudonyme, il choisit aussi une autre identité cultuelle et littéraire pour aboutir à l'écriture d'une oeuvre unique. Notre but est de montrer que la quête identitaire assure la cohésion des amours jaunes comme recueil et sa cohérence comme expression d'une pensée. Notre travail s'appuie essentiellement sur les réflexions que développent Selim Abou dans l'identité culturelle1 et Julia Kristeva dans Etrangers à nous-memes. Ces ouvrages ont fortement nourri une démarche que l'on peut qualifier d'ethno- stylistique
Our theory is that as a French-speaking Breton poet, Tristan Corbiere's inspiration in writing his unique collection, les amours jaunes, was his search for a sense of identity. Although born in a Breton-speaking part of Brittany and from a bourgeois background hostile to the Breton language and to Breton culture, he finally rejected his original ethnic group and embraced cultures on the fringe of society, that's to say those of the humble folk of Armorica, of sailors and of Parisian bohemians. His language, unlike any which had gone before, is proof of this. Corbiere's hybrid poetry, his unsettled syntax, his breathless rhythms, his extremely rich vocabulary, his daring both in literature and in morality all bear witness to this rejection of the standard cultural features which typified his upbringing and to his acceptance of multi-cultural illegitimacy. He succeeded, but it was traumatic. Les amours jaunes proves what a wrench this was, that to do so he had to reconstruct his identity. In les amours jaunes, Corbiere uses his anti-conformity and his biting irony to denounce the dominant literary fashions and social norms of his time. At times this plunges him into a perceptible identity crisis, conveyed in powerful and painful texts. At times, too, he is drawn to the temptation to retreat to his roots and to be excessively chauvinistic. However, he rebuilds his personality through texts in which he asserts himself as more Tristan than Corbiere, fully adopting the implications of his pseudonym, and also chooses a different cultural and literary identity, leading to the creation of a unique piece of writing. My intention in this thesis is to demonstrate that the search for identity gives cohesion to the structure of les amours jaunes as a collection, and makes it the coherent expression of a system of thought. In essence, my work has been based on the thoughts put forward by Selim Abou in l'Identite culturelle and by Julia Kristeva in Etrangers à nous-mêmes. These two books have been a profound source of inspiration for an approach which can be described as etno-stylistic

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Rumanová, Jana. "Oceňování lesa." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-367506.

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The aim of the thesis was to explore current approaches used for valuation according to the valuation regulation. The next aim was to choose appropriate method for finding usual price and compare it with the price assessed determined by administrative methods according to Valuation Decree. Comperative method was the chosen method. There are six forest properties from The Czech Republic evaluated in the practical part of the study. The conclusion of the thesis summarizes detected information from the area of valuation of forest.

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Bitencourt, Manoela de. "Teletrabalho transnacional : a garantia dos direitos humanos dos trabalhadores no plano internacional perante o princ?pio da norma mais favor?vel." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2014. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5904.

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Globalization, modern computing, and information and communication technologies enabled the realization of work by distance and in another country, called transnational telework. Thus, it arises an international agreement which may have more than one applicable law originated from different sovereignties. In this context, the occurrence of a conflict of labor laws in space is possible, reason why this study perquire on the law applicable to this contract, in order to regulate the legal situation. Private international law indicates connection elements for the solution of the litigation, whereas labor law also elect its connecting criterion. Among others, it is emphasized the principle of territoriality as set out in Bustamante Code, and the most favorable standard principle. The research uses the hypothetical-deductive method of approach and the bibliographic search procedure method. The aim is to delimit the solvers criteria of litigation and show whether it is effective the guardianship of labor human rights to apply existing connection elements; and also checks whether the principle of territoriality would not be exceeded in when it comes to teleworking, inasmuch as the place of supply of services is virtual. Conferring value to the principle the most favorable standard, in order to protect effectively the human rights of workers, it is understood that the connecting element that should prevail and regulate the legal relationship of transnational telework is the law of the country that, as a whole, bring major benefits to the teleworkers. Moreover, the principle of territoriality would not be overcome, since it is possible to make a reinterpretation of the place of supply of services, which may be the country where it has corporate headquarters, which would effect the principle of equality because it would be applying the same law to employees of the same company. Subsisting that connecting factor - which is taken into consideration along with others who have close connection with the legal relationship - is possible to analyze if the law of the country where labor is running (reinterpreted) is the most favorable among those that may relate to the contract. The the most favorable standard principle is provided in caput of Federal Constitution Article. 7, which provides for the improvement of the worker's status Thusthe legislator, the employer and the State, in general, should ensure a minimum protection to workers as a way of effectuation of their human rights, even in order to promote substantive equality among employer and employee. Finally, as the labor law is composed almost entirely of rules of public policy, and because the employment relationship is asymmetric, the employee deserves to be protected, and the State should not leave its subject, when in unknown horizons, be subjected to less favorable conditions than those existing in his country of origin. In this context, it is understood, with this research, that among the standards that focus on this relationship, should be applied the most favorable to the employee, being possible, so, ensure prevention of social regression.
A globaliza??o, a moderna inform?tica e as tecnologias da informa??o e da comunica??o propiciaram a realiza??o do trabalho a dist?ncia e em outro pa?s, denominado teletrabalho transnacional. Dessa forma, surge um contrato internacional, o qual pode ter mais de uma lei aplic?vel oriunda de soberanias distintas. Nesse contexto, ? poss?vel a ocorr?ncia de um conflito de leis trabalhistas no espa?o, raz?o pela qual o presente trabalho perquire sobre a lei aplic?vel a este contrato, de modo a regulamentar a situa??o jur?dica. O direito internacional privado indica elementos de conex?o para a solu??o do lit?gio, ao passo que o direito do trabalho igualmente elege o seu crit?rio de conex?o. Dentre outros, ressalta-se o crit?rio da territorialidade, previsto no C?digo de Bustamante, e o princ?pio da norma mais favor?vel. A pesquisa utiliza o m?todo de abordagem hipot?tico-dedutivo e o m?todo de procedimento de pesquisa bibliogr?fico. O objetivo ? delimitar os crit?rios solucionadores do lit?gio e demonstrar se ? efetiva a tutela dos direitos humanos trabalhistas ao aplicar os elementos de conex?o existentes; al?m de verificar se o crit?rio da territorialidade n?o estaria superado em se tratando de teletrabalho, na medida em que o local da presta??o dos servi?os ? virtual. Conferindo-se import?ncia ao princ?pio da norma mais favor?vel, de forma a tutelar de maneira efetiva os direitos humanos dos trabalhadores, entende-se que o elemento de conex?o que deve prevalecer e regulamentar a rela??o jur?dica de teletrabalho transnacional ? a lei do pa?s que, no seu conjunto, trouxer maiores benef?cios ao teletrabalhador. Ademais, o crit?rio da territorialidade n?o estaria superado, pois ? poss?vel fazer uma reinterpreta??o do local da presta??o dos servi?os, o qual pode ser o pa?s onde est? situada a sede da empresa, o que se efetivaria o princ?pio da igualdade, pois, estar-se-ia aplicando a mesma lei a trabalhadores de uma mesma empresa. Subsistindo esse elemento de conex?o ? o qual ? levado em considera??o juntamente com os demais, que possuem conex?o estreita com a rela??o jur?dica ?, ? poss?vel analisar se a lei do pa?s onde se est? executando o labor (reinterpretado) ? a mais favor?vel entre as que possam incidir ao contrato. O princ?pio da norma mais favor?vel est? previsto no caput do art. 7? da Constitui??o Federal, o qual prev? a melhoria da condi??o social do trabalhador. Assim, o legislador, o empregador e o Estado, de uma maneira geral, devem garantir uma tutela m?nima aos trabalhadores como uma forma de efetiva??o dos seus direitos humanos, at? como forma de promover uma igualdade substancial entre empregador e empregado. Por fim, como o direito trabalhista ? composto quase que totalmente por normas de ordem p?blica, bem como em raz?o de a rela??o trabalhista ser assim?trica, o empregado merece ser protegido, e o Estado n?o deve deixar seu s?dito, quando em horizontes desconhecidos, ser submetido a condi??es menos favor?veis do que as existentes em seu pa?s de origem. Nesse contexto, conclui-se, com esta pesquisa, que, dentre as normas incidentes a essa rela??o, deve ser aplicada a mais favor?vel ao trabalhador, sendo poss?vel, assim, garantir uma proibi??o de retrocesso social.

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Shiraishi, Pâmela Kimi. "Preços de transferência: os impactos da nova metodologia de cálculo trazida pela lei 12.715 de 2012 (utilização do método preço revenda menos lucro PRL)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2014. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1596.

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Due to the raising globalization, members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) started to worry about the prices of the products sold among the companies of the same group in different countries. Companies could sell their products to the affiliate located in another country for a lower price, failing to collect taxes in countries where the tax burden is higher and to transfer profit from actual sales to another country that has a lower tax burden. It was then, the OECD published a guide for transfer pricing, which was adopted by all its members. At the 90´s, Brazil has become part of the world trade scene and, from the fact that it is not a member of OECD, the lawmaker had to publish internal rules about this subject. The first legislation was instituted in 1996. Some changes was made, until, in 2002 the Internal Revenue Service of Brazil (IRS) published Normative Instruction 243, which significantly changed the calculation method Resale Price Less Profit (PRL), which caused an impasse between IRS and taxpayers. After 10 years of debates, in 2012 the government published a new law about transfer pricing putting an end on the discussions about the calculation on the adjustments from this point on. The lawmaker let the option for the taxpayer the adoption of the new rules for the related year 2012. According to this scenery, this dissertation analysed the evolution of the rules of transfer pricing in the world and in Brazil and the related calculation methodologies. It purposed verify the reason of the deadlock between the taxpayers and the tax authorities and organize an analysis of the most economically feasible option for the taxpayer for the year 2012. This analysis was made using calculations of hypothetical situations, which one brought a view behaviour of the adjustments to be made by the taxpayers. As an answer to these objectives obtained as a result that in none of the hypotheses the Normative Instruction 243 was the most beneficial to the taxpayer, while the laws 12.715 and 9.959 show a less overtax. However, to decide what is the better option between the laws, is up to each entity foment an analyse of all the products manufactured, once it is not possible to opt for both laws
Com o crescente processo de globalização, os países membros da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE) passaram a se preocupar com os preços dos produtos praticados entre as empresas do mesmo grupo em países diferentes. As empresas poderiam vender seus produtos à sua coligada, localizada em outro país, por um preço mais baixo, deixando de recolher tributos em países nos quais a carga tributária é mais alta, bem como transferir o lucro das vendas efetivas para outro país que tenha uma tributação mais baixa. Foi então que a OCDE publicou um guia de preços de transferências, que foi adotado por todos os seus integrantes. Nos anos 90 o Brasil passou a fazer parte do comércio mundial e, pelo fato de não ser parte integrante da OCDE, o legislador teve que publicar as normas internas sobre este tema. A primeira legislação foi instituída em 1996. Algumas alterações foram feitas, até que, em 2002 a Receita Federal do Brasil (RFB) publicou a Instrução Normativa 243, a qual mudou significativamente o cálculo do método Preço de Revenda Menos Lucro (PRL), o que causou um impasse entre o Fisco e os contribuintes. Após 10 anos de discussões, em 2012 o governo publicou uma nova lei tratando sobre preços de transferência o que colocou fim às discussões sobre o cálculo dos ajustes a partir daquele momento. O legislador deixou como opção ao contribuinte a adoção ou não das novas regras para o próprio ano de 2012. Diante deste cenário, esta dissertação analisou a evolução das regras de preços de transferência no mundo e no Brasil e suas respectivas metodologias de cálculo. Intencionou verificar a razão desse impasse existente entre o contribuinte e o Fisco e promover uma análise sobre a opção mais economicamente viável para o contribuinte para o ano de 2012. Esta análise foi feita por meio de cálculos de situações hipotéticas, as quais trouxeram uma visão do comportamento dos ajustes a serem feitos pelos contribuintes. Como respostas a estes objetivos obteve-se como resultados que em nenhuma das hipóteses a IN 243 foi a mais benéfica ao contribuinte, enquanto as Leis 12.715 e 9.959 apresentaram um ajuste menos oneroso. No entanto, para decidir qual é a melhor opção entre as Leis cabe à empresa promover uma análise de todos os produtos fabricados, uma vez que não é possível optar pelas duas normas

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Guichard-Friot, Valérie. "La place de la sécurité sanitaire dans le biodroit." Bordeaux 4, 2007. https://www.bnds.fr/collection/theses-numeriques-de-la-bnds/la-place-de-la-securite-sanitaire-dans-le-biodroit-9782848741345.html.

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Suite aux crises sanitaires des années 1990, liées à l'évolution des biotechnologies, trois grandes tendances ont contribué à la reconnaissance de la sécurité sanitaire dans le biodroit : les reflexions bioéthiques, la protection de la santé et l'émergence des droits des usagers. Issu de l'interactivité de normes de sources diverses, la sécurité sanitaire est devenue un principe juridique, affirmé par le législateur. Principe d'ordre public, il est un objectif à atteindre pour l'Etat, mais il constitue également un droit pour les citoyens et un engagement éthique pour les professionnels de santé. Sa reconnaissance a permis la mise en place d'une organisation, globale et efficiente, qui s'est appuyée sur les agences de sécurité sanitaire en France. Si la jurisprudence a eu un rôle essentiel en développant une obligation de sécurité, la responsabilité civile tend à anticiper et prévenir les risques, avérés ou hypothétiques. C'est le principe de précaution
Following the medical crises of the years 1990, related to the evolution of biotechnologies, three main tendencies contributed to the recognition of health safety in the Bio Law : the reflections on bioethics, the protection of health and the emergence of the of the rights of the users. Resulting from the interactivity of standards from various sources, health safety has become a legal principle, defined as such by the legislator. Being a principle of public order, it is part of the objectivesto be reached for the State, but it's also a right for the citizens and an ethical commitment fot Health's professionals. Its recognition allowed the implementation of a widespread and efficient organization, based on the agencies of health safety in France. If jurisprudence has played an essential role by developping a safety obligation, the civil liability tends to anticipate and warns against the recognized of hypothetical risks. This is what is called the principle of precaution.

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Lei, Huaping. "Dislocations et puits quantiques dans les nitrures semiconducteurs III-V par des méthodes de dynamique moléculaire et du premier principe." Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN2023.

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En utilisant un empirique potentiel modifié du type Stillinger-Weber (SW) et une méthode du premier principe à base de DFT (SIESTA code), les propriétés des dislocations et leur possible interaction avec les puits quantiques InGaN ont été étudiées. Avec SW, différents types de dislocations, coin-a, vis-c, vis-a et coin-c ont été traités systématiquement dans InN et AlN et comparer avec GaN. Un nouveau cœur de dislocation vis-c a été mis en évidence pour InN, AlN et également GaN avec une mauvaise liaison située dans le plan. Avec SIESTA, les énergies des dislocations coin-a ont été calculées au moyen d’une supercellule de quadrupôle pour AlN, GaN et InN. La condition périodique crée des images dont les effets sont corrigés par deux méthodes : la sommation quadrupolaire et les dislocations « fantômes ». Le résultat montre que les coeurs à 8 atomes sont plus stables que ceux à 5/7 et 4 atomes et valide le potentiel SW pour les grandes distorsions. Avec SW, la distribution des atomes d'indium dans InGaN a été systématiquement étudiée ainsi que l'effet des contraintes sur la stabilité du système et le rôle de la dislocation vis-c dans la séparation de phases. Les clusters d’indium ne sont pas favorables énergétiquement mais peuvent être formés dans le coeur de la dislocation vis-c. Les distorsions réduisent la stabilité énergétique des héterostructures InGaN/GaN et compresse les liaisons N-Ga et N-In. Un phénomène anormal de la liaison N-Ga est observé dans le puits quantique InGaN/GaN : sa longueur est réduite en fonction de la concentration d’indium lorsque la deformation atteint une valeur critique. Cet effet peut être expliqué en considérant la balance des forces
The properties of the threading dislocations and their possible interactions with the InGaN quantum wells are theoretically investigated by using a modified empirical Stillinger-Weber potential (SW) and the first principle calculations (SIESTA package). All types of pure threading dislocations: a-edge, c-screw, a-screw and c-edge in InN and AlN have been systematically studied by using SW in comparison with GaN. The new core structures of c-screw dislocations in AlN and InN are found as same in GaN with the wrong bonds located in a plane. With SIESTA, the a-edge dislocations were treated by using the quadrupolar supercells in AlN, GaN and InN. The image effect due to the periodic boundary condition has been considered by the quadrupole summation and ghost dislocation methods. The corrected core energies have indicated that 8-atom core is more energetically feasible than 4- or 5/7-atom cores. The transferability of the Stillinger-Weber potential to the large distortion system has been validated. The strain effect reduces the energetic stability of systems, and the role of c-screw dislocation on the phase separation is studied. The formation of In-rich clusters is not energetically feasible, but would be possible in the core of c-screw dislocation. The strain in InGaN/GaN heterostructures further reduces the energetic stability. Suffering from the strain, N-Ga and N-In bonds are compressed, and an abnormal behavior of N-Ga bonds takes place: N-Ga bond length is reduced as a function of indium concentration when the strain is larger than the critical value. A force balance model has been proposed to explain the abnormality of N-Ga bonds in the strained InGaN quantum wells

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Roza, Marileide da Silva. "Análise comparativa de crescimento econômico: um estudo das elasticidades-renda e preço das exportações e das importações dos estados do Nordeste, no período de 1980-2007." Universidade Federal de Alagoas, 2010. http://www.repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1462.

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This work has for objective to analyze the relationship among income (external and internal), exports, imports and exchange rate for the states of the northeast, in the period of 1980-2007, or be to show to what extent the volume and the growth of the exports and of the imports they have been influencing the growth of the gross domestic product of the states of the northeast, for that data will be used in dollars real(o index used as deflator it was the Índex Price Producer - PPI American year base 1980). The method to be proceeded is the estimate through logarithmic regression tends for base the model of Thirlwall(1979), that shows that the behavior of the balance of payments of an economy, specifically, of the exports, it can implicate in strong restrictions to the economic growth, because for the author, the differences in the rates of growth of the product among the world savings are not on the side of the offer, as postulated by the classic-neoclassical current, but, on the side of the demand, as postulated by the keynesian current. Being like this, it intends to point the degree of it influences of the variable export in the product, and with that to verify the Law of Thirlwall is valid in the explanation of the behavior of the economy of these states. In that sense, which she could verify it is that the income of the Northeastern states (Y) it presented behavior similar to the one of Brazil in the years 80 and 90, that is, the income of those states is not accompanying the growth of the external income (Y *), in spite of the exports they have grown more than the imports, and through this fact it can be observed the low rates of growths along the period. Finally, the results show although the exchange rate is not a significant endogenous variable to explain the exports of those states, during the observed period, indicating that they have changed their production structures, independently, from changes in exchange rate.
Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas
Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a relação entre renda (externa e interna), exportações, importações e taxa de câmbio para os estados do Nordeste, no período de 1980- 2007, ou seja, mostrar até que ponto o volume e o crescimento das exportações e das importações têm influenciado o crescimento do produto interno bruto dos estados do Nordeste, para isso serão utilizados dados em dólares reais(o índice utilizado como deflator foi o Index Price Producer - PPI americano ano base 1980). O método a ser seguido é a estimação via regressão logarítmica tendo por base o modelo de Thirlwall(1979), que mostra que o comportamento do balanço de pagamentos de uma economia, especificamente, das exportações, pode implicar em fortes restrições ao crescimento econômico, pois para o autor, as diferenças nas taxas de crescimento do produto entre as economias mundiais não estão no lado da oferta, como postulado pelas correntes clássico-neoclássicas, e sim, no lado da demanda, como postulado pela corrente keynesiana. Sendo assim, pretende-se apontar o grau de influencia da variável exportação no produto, e com isso verificar se a Lei de Thirlwall é válida na explicação do comportamento da economia destes estados. Nesse sentido, o que se pôde constatar é que a renda dos estados nordestinos(Y) apresentou comportamento parecido com o do Brasil nos anos 80 e 90, isto é, a renda desses estados não vem acompanhando o crescimento da renda externa (Y*), apesar de as exportações terem crescido mais que as importações, e através deste fato pode-se observar as baixas taxas de crescimentos ao longo do período. Por fim, os resultados mostram ainda que a taxa de câmbio não é uma variável endógena significativa para explicar as exportações desses estados, durante o período observado, indicando que as mesmas sofreram mudanças em suas estruturas produtivas, independentemente, das variações na taxa de câmbio.

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Nahid, Masrur Morshed. "In Quest of Printed Electrodes for Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells: A Comparative Study between Two Silver Inks." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för fysik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-62827.

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This thesis presents a comparative study between two silver nanoparticle inks that were deposited using a Drop-on-Demand (DoD) inkjet printer, aiming at finding a functional ink that can be used to print electrodes in Light-emitting Electrochemical Cells (LECs). To achieve this, a DoD inkjet printer was installed and an acquaintance with the printer was attained. Among the two inks, one was employed as received while the other was reformulated, and successful deposition of both the inks was observed. During the reformulation process, it was seen that the highly volatile tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent can be used to improve the ink properties, in contrast to what is recommended. After that, the inks were deposited on UV-ozone treated glass substrates, sintered at an elevated temperature under ambient conditions, and their specific resistances and thicknesses were measured. Finally, the inks were used to print the anode in a structured sandwich-cell LEC. The performance comparison was conducted by observing the emitted light of the LECs. The results indicate that the reformulated ink performs better, probably due to the lower silver concentration that results in flatter surface, which in turn effectively alleviates shorts.

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Galv?o, Rafael Silva Paes Pires. "O princ?pio constitucional do desenvolvimento e a utiliza??o de recursos h?dricos na ind?stria de petr?leo." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13890.

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As can be inferred by the title of its study The constitutional principle of sustainable development and the utilization of hidrical resources in the oil industry the transcribed pages are dedicated to the approach of the mentioned subjects which, despite being apparently different, will be shown intrinsically connected as goes by the study. The superation of this first step by the reader will lead to an important perception of the title: that the situation requires, urgently, a defined posture, a complete conduct change and, therefore, a modification of the paradigms currently establisheds. To brake barriers, modifying what is lived by, is the ultimate goal. For that, there is no unique path, linear, but there were broached the development themes, the hidrical resources theme and oil and natural gas industry at the necessary points to achieve, by the end, a comprehension for the Brazilian Federal Republic goals in the search for the application of these juridical norms. The ones whom lay down over this study shall notice that, more than a simple approach over these themes (which are still less worked and searched in Brazil), the heavy critic of an instituted and pacifically accepted reality, directly offensive of the constitutional principles. The debate evolves from punctual and specific aspects, it gains life, flies, searching how the juridical order equalizes the economic model to the environment defense. Standing by the possibility of conciliation among constitutional principles, the remodeling of an economic segment is defended, aligning it to the sustainable limits. Development, sustainable, becomes means and goals to the implementation of liberty, capacitating everyone to achieve their goals of life, their libertments, fruit of the inherent antagonism of the Constitution the sustainable development offers, while an axiological vector, a new reality to the economic order, turning it into a motriz element to the fortification of constitutional normative force and for the national development
Como se deduz do t?tulo firmado para este trabalho O princ?pio constitucional do desenvolvimento sustent?vel e a utiliza??o de recursos h?dricos na ind?stria do petr?leo as p?ginas transcritas dedicam-se a abordagem dos assuntos mencionados que, aparentemente d?spares, mostrar-se-?o visceralmente interligados no transcorrer do estudo. A supera??o desta primeira etapa pelo leitor levar? a percep??o imprescind?vel sobre o tema: a situa??o exige, urgentemente, uma tomada de postura, uma guinada de conduta e, conseq?entemente, a modifica??o dos paradigmas atualmente vivenciados. Quebrar barreiras, modificando o vivenciado ? meta maior que se busca. Para tanto, n?o se estabeleceu um caminho ?nico, linear, mas abordaram-se os temas do desenvolvimento, dos recursos h?dricos e da ind?stria do petr?leo e do g?s natural nos pontos necess?rios para se atingir, ao final, uma compreens?o sobre os objetivos da Rep?blica Federativa do Brasil na busca pela implementa??o destas normas jur?dicas. Aqueles que se debru?arem sobre o estudo perceber?o, mas do que mera abordagem sobre os temas (ainda pouco trabalhados e aprofundados no Brasil), a cr?tica contundente sobre uma realidade instaurada e pacificamente aceita, frontalmente ofensiva dos princ?pios constitucionais. O debate evolui de aspectos pontuais e espec?ficos, ganha vida, al?a v?o, perscrutando como o ordenamento jur?dico equaliza o modelo econ?mico ? defesa ambiental. Posicionando-se pela possibilidade de concilia??o entre os princ?pios insertos no texto constitucional, defende-se a remodela??o do segmento econ?mico, alinhando-o ? balizas sustent?veis. Desenvolvimento, sustent?vel, torna-se fim e meio para a implementa??o da liberdade, capacitando todos a atingirem suas metas de vida, seus libertamentos; fruto do antagonismo inerente ? Constitui??o o desenvolvimento sustent?vel propicia, enquanto vetor valorativo, uma nova realidade para a ordem econ?mica, tornando-se, a mesma, elemento motriz a fortifica??o da for?a normativa constitucional e para o desenvolvimento nacional

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Guedes, S?nzia Mirelly da Costa. "Livre concorr?ncia e o novo marco regulat?rio da ind?stria de petr?leo brasileira: uma an?lise do segmento upstream." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM DIREITO, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24273.

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O presente trabalho objetiva demonstrar como se comporta a concorr?ncia entre os agentes econ?micos que exercem as atividades de explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo, em especial com a Lei Federal n? 9.478/97, a qual regulou a mitiga??o do monop?lio da Uni?o, conforme disp?em o art. 177, ?? 1? e 2?, da Constitui??o Federal de 1988, e com a Lei n? 12.351/2010, que alterou o marco regulat?rio da ind?stria do petr?leo, diante da descoberta do Pr?-sal. A problem?tica a ser examinada ? se a Lei n? 12.351/2010 preserva o princ?pio da livre concorr?ncia no setor e, em decorr?ncia disso, se traz mais ou menos benef?cios ao setor e ? efetiva??o do direito ao desenvolvimento. Por sua vez, a import?ncia deste trabalho est? relacionada ao petr?leo ser uma fonte de energia essencial para o desenvolvimento das demais atividades econ?micas do pa?s, de forma que a din?mica de sua explora??o e produ??o afeta de forma significativa a economia nacional. Para tanto, atrav?s de uma abordagem indutiva e se utilizando dos m?todos hist?rico, comparativo e monogr?fico, a pesquisa discorre sobre a evolu??o do Direito concorrencial nas normas constitucionais e infraconstitucionais, destacando a tend?ncia seguida por tais normas. Compara a orienta??o do Direito concorrencial que rege as atividades econ?micas em geral com o hist?rico concorrencial dos marcos regulat?rios da ind?stria do petr?leo, em especial, do setor upstream. Examina a rela??o entre a Ordem Econ?mica na Constitui??o Federal de 1988 e as atividades de explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo, introduzindo conceitos essenciais ao desenvolvimento do trabalho. Analisa o alcance da livre concorr?ncia no upstream da ind?stria do petr?leo, com base em seus marcos regulat?rios, caracterizando a situa??o concorrencial entre os agentes econ?micos ante a Lei Federal n? 9.468/97 e, posteriormente, com a Lei Federal n? 12.351/2010, reconhecendo que houve maior mitiga??o do j? fr?gil princ?pio da livre concorr?ncia no setor. Examina as prerrogativas concedidas ? Petrobras com o novo marco regulat?rio p?s Pr?-sal, destacando a mitiga??o do princ?pio constitucional da isonomia. Observa e delimita o interesse p?blico no setor, verificando se tal interesse justifica a mitiga??o dos outros princ?pios citados. Explana sobre o conceito flu?do de efici?ncia, destacando-a como a mola propulsora da intera??o entre a tr?plice ?livre concorr?ncia-isonomia-interesse p?blico? e, com isso, verifica-se que a nova Lei n? 12.351/2010 n?o proporciona um ambiente em que se estimulem as efici?ncias do setor.

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Shin, Hongkyoon. "Les activités commerciales dans l'espace extra-atmosphérique et les justifications par rapport au principe de respect des intérêts de l'humanité." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010274.

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L'idée de l'utilisation de l'espace extra-atmosphérique pour les intérêts de l'humanité tout entière se développe à travers divers stades pour se doter du statut d'une juridique. C'est le principe de respect des intérêts de l'humanité qui représente cette idée dans ces stades. Une construction juridique du principe se fait dans les théories du droit de l'espace, les régimes des applications spatiales, et le régime de la gestion des ressources naturelles spatiales. La distribution non-discriminatoire de bénéfice provenant de la technologie spatiale est reconnue comme un meilleur moyen de promouvoir les intérêts de l'humanité. Il s'agit notamment de l'accès non discriminatoire au système de télécommunications par satellite, aux données de télédétection, et aux ressources naturelles spatiales. À cet égard, le principe a été reflété dans les divers lois nationales et les textes internationaux. La commercialisation des activités spatiales affecte ce mode de distribution. La poursuite du profit économique par les entités privées donne naissance à un régime de distribution de bénéfice dans le système commercial qui est distinct de celui dans le système de service public. Dans cette optique, les activités commerciales sont traitées du point de vue juridique qui consiste à l'application du principe pour analyser leur statut
Starting from an abstract legal terms rooted deeply in political considerations, the idea of using the outer space for the benefit of all mankind has been developed into being a legally binding principle. While being asserted divers expressions, it is the principle of respect of humankind's interest which might in the best way represent this idea. Legal construction of principle has been done mainly in three contexts; theories about space law, various space applications, and management of natural space resources. Non-discriminatory distribution of the benefit from space technology has been endorsed as the best way to promote humankind's interest so that it is reflected in legal terms in many space related national laws and international documents. Commercialization of space activities brings about renewing of the meaning of the principle. In that respect, status of commercial activity in outer space is analyzed, in that the regime of distribution of the benefit in the system of pursuit of the profit by private entity is different from that in public service system. In conclusion, the identical feature of space law lies in the application of the principle to space activities

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30

Soares, Pedro Lucas de Moura. "A tutela constitucional da explora??o de petr?leo em ?guas internacionais em face do princ?pio do desenvolvimento sustent?vel: a possibilidade de responsabiliza??o civil do dano futuro." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13955.

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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
The demands brought by a society doomed to the constant production of global risks, which whose effects are not immediately noticed effects are not perceived immediately, claim from the Law a new Theory about the Risk, that would offer a broad environmental protection, at the same time it would still be compatible with the idea of economic efficiency, required by the Modern Industry. The expansion of the methods and technologies regarding the exploitation and production of oil causes the constant expansion of the exploitable boundaries, especially in ultra-deep waters with the Pre-salt layer, in Brazil, or the still incipient research about the polymetallic nodules and other mineral sources in international waters, like the Atl?ntico Sudoeste, by the Programme on Ocean Science in Relation do Non Living Resources (OSNLR), a global study performed in partnership with the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, from UNESCO (IOC UNESCO) and also with the Division of Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea (UNDOALOS). Thus, we aim to analyze the correlation, and possible collisions between the right to a balanced environment and the free exercise of economic activity and the occurrence of environmental damages from the perspective of the exploitation activities of oil and other natural resources in international waters, specifically in the Area, from the constitutional principle of sustainable development and its legitimacy by the environmental international protection. Therefore, this study also aims to evaluate the legal framework for exploration and production of oil in international waters, particularly in the Area, and appraise how the constitutional instruments and mechanisms for environmental protection can impact on the international environmental protection system in order to ensure the present and future generations an ecologically balanced environment, laid down in Article 225 of the Brazilian Constitution, even with so many risks posed by the activities of exploitation and production of oil in international waters. In the meantime, we intend to also intend to investigate the possibility of future liability for environmental damage in order to ensure that constitutional principle and, consequently, and try to define the concept of environmental damage and its implications on the constitutional principle of environmental protection. Given all that was in summary, this work aims to contribute to the evolution of the new Theory of Environmental Risk, turning the law into something more than a punitive or corrective element in this society, but into a legal risk management, that may be triggered even before the consolidation of the damage
As exig?ncias requeridas por uma Sociedade fadada ? produ??o constante de riscos globais, cujos efeitos n?o s?o percebidos imediatamente, exigem do Direito uma nova Teoria do Risco que ofere?a uma prote??o ambiental mais completa, e da mesma forma seja compat?vel com os ideais de efici?ncia econ?mica requeridos pela Ind?stria moderna. Com a expans?o dos m?todos e tecnologias no que diz respeito ? explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo, h? tamb?m a constante amplia??o das fronteiras explor?veis, notadamente em ?guas ultra-profundas com a Camada Pr?-Sal, no Brasil, ou as ainda incipientes pesquisas de n?dulos polimet?licos e outros recursos minerais em ?guas internacionais, na ?rea, a exemplo do Atl?ntico Sudoeste pelo Programme on Ocean Science in Relation to Non Living Resources (OSNLR), um estudo global compartilhado com a Intergovernamental Oceanographic Commission, da UNESCO (IOC UNESCO) e com a Division of Ocean Affairs and Law of the Sea (UNDOALOS). Dessa maneira, almeja-se analisar a correla??o existente, e as eventuais colis?es, entre o direito ao meio ambiente equilibrado e o livre exerc?cio da atividade econ?mica, bem como a ocorr?ncia de dano ambiental na perspectiva das atividades de explora??o de petr?leo e de outros recursos naturais em ?guas internacionais, especificamente na ?rea, sob a luz do princ?pio constitucional do desenvolvimento sustent?vel e sua legitima??o pela tutela internacional do meio ambiente. Assim, pretende tamb?m o presente trabalho avaliar o regime jur?dico da explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo em ?guas internacionais, notadamente na ?rea, e avaliar, nesse contexto, como podem os instrumentos e mecanismos constitucionais de prote??o ambiental imiscuir-se na esfera de internacional prote??o ao meio ambiente como forma de garantir ?s presentes e futuras gera??es um meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado, previsto no artigo 225 da Constitui??o Federal, mesmo diante de tantos riscos apresentados pela atividade de explora??o e produ??o de petr?leo em ?guas internacionais. Nesse ?nterim, pretende-se, ainda, investigar a possibilidade de responsabiliza??o futura do dano ambiental como forma de garantir esse postulado constitucional e, para tanto, ambiciona-se delimitar o conceito de dano ambiental e suas implica??es diante do princ?pio constitucional da prote??o ao meio ambiente. Diante de tudo o que fora exposto, pretende este trabalho contribuir para a evolu??o da nova Teoria do Risco Ambiental, transformando o Direito em algo mais que um elemento corretivo ou punitivo nessa sociedade, mas que seja um instrumento jur?dico de gest?o de riscos, podendo ser acionado antes mesmo da consolida??o do dano

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Hermanová, Jana. "Oceňování okrasných rostlin, charakteru stromy – porovnání oceňovacích metod v ČR – cena zjištěná a cena obvyklá." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377502.

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The aim of thesis was to explore current approaches using for valuation trees on non – forest lands. Another aim was compare usual price and price assessed determined accordin to Valuation Decree. Methodics used for valution trees was valuation according to the valution regulation, Koch´s methodic and Methodic for valution tress growing out of forest.Market price wasfound out as a research at specialized subjects (trees numery, garden – tillages etc.) In practical part was evaluace price found of three pine trees and three leafy trees in three age phases. Discovered informations are commented and summarazied in final chapter.

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32

Xu, Liang. "Trois contributions sur l'effet informatif des cours boursiers dans les décisions d'entreprise." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED019/document.

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Ce travail doctoral étudie l’effet « retour » de l’information financière liée aux prix des actions sur les décisions des dirigeants d’entreprise. Plus précisément, j'étudie si et comment les gestionnaires apprennent effectivement les nouvelles informations contenues dans les prix des actions pour guider leurs décisions d'entreprise. Ma thèse de doctorat est composée de trois essais, chacun abordant un aspect différent de ce même sujet. Le premier essai étudie le lien entre l'efficacité informationnelle du marché d'actions et le niveau d’efficacité économique réelle de l'entreprise. Dans le premier essai, je constate que lorsque les prix de l'action agrègent une plus quantité d'informations utile plus grande, les décisions des entreprises prises par les gestionnaires devraient être encore plus optimales efficaces. Le deuxième essai étudie si les gestionnaires cherchent à apprendre les informations utilisées par les vendeurs à découvert. L’étude des prix des actions en présence de vendeurs à découvert est-il utile pour les décisions de l'entreprise ? Dans le deuxième essai, j'ai surmonté les difficultés empiriques en exploitant une caractéristique institutionnelle unique sur le marché des actions de Hong Kong. Je constate que les gestionnaires des entreprises « non-shortable » peuvent tirer profit des informations des vendeurs à découvert sur les conditions économiques sectorielles par l'intermédiaire des prix des actions d'autres entreprises « shortable » dans la même industrie et les utilisent dans leurs décisions d'entreprise. Le troisième essai étudie les effets réels de la négociation d'options à long terme. Dans le troisième essai, je constate que l’introduction d’une catégorie spécifique d'options à long terme stimule la production d'informations privées à long terme et donc entraîne une augmentation de l'informativité des prix sur les fondamentaux à long terme des entreprises. Par conséquent, les dirigeants peuvent extraire davantage d'informations du prix de l’action pour guider leurs décisions d'investissement à long terme
In my doctoral thesis, I investigate the information feedback from stock prices to managers’ decisions. More specifically, I study whether and how managers learn new information from stock prices to guide their corporate decisions. My doctoral thesis includes three essays focusing on this topic. The first essay studies the relationship between stock market informational efficiency and real economy efficiency at firm-level. In the first essay, I find that when stock prices reflect greater amount of information that managers care about, corporate decisions made by managers become more efficient. The second essay studies whether managers seek to learn short sellers’ information from stock prices and use it in corporate decisions. In the second essay, I overcome the empirical difficulties by exploiting a unique institutional feature in Hong Kong stock market that only stocks included in an official list are allowed for short sales. I find that that non-shortable firms’ managers can learn short sellers’ information on external conditions from shortable peers’ stock prices and use it in their corporate decisions. The third essay studies the real effects of long-term option trading. I find that long-term option trading stimulates the production of long-term information, which managers can use to guide their long-term investment decisions

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Petek, Jo?o Pedro Moscoso. "A aplica??o das medidas protetivas de urg?ncia previstas na Lei 11.340/2006 em face da nova perspectiva familiar : uma leitura a partir da defesa do princ?pio da igualdade e da dignidade da pessoa da v?tima." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2016. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/6701.

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La presente ricerca intende analizzare dei rilevanti strumenti per la protezione della vittima previsti dalla legge 11.340/2006 (?Legge Maria da Penha?) ? le misure protettive d?urgenza ? davanti alla necessit? di rivalutazione del suo spettro di aplicazione, notevolmente di fronte alle nuove prospettive famigliare, e dalla fruga per la protezione della vittima nello Stato sociale e democratico di Diritto. Basato sul principio della dignit? della persona della vittima, bisogna valutare le possibilit? di azioni statali positivi nell?ambito di protezione alla salute, all?integrit? fisica e psicologica, e alla vita della persona dell?offeso ? prendendo in considerazione (i pardigmi della postmodernit? come) la insicurezza in una ?socciet? del rischio?. Di questo passo, si ha esplorato gli strumenti penali e processuali penali disponibile dal legislatore ? alla vittima (nel contesto della Legge 11.340/2006) ?, oltrech? si analizzar? la possibilit? della sua applicazione quando aggressore e offeso siano biologicamente del sesso maschile, a partire da un confronto tra dottrina e giurisprudenza, per poter disegnare (o al meno cercare di rifl?ttere su) le maggiori difficolt? all?operatore del Diritto e le possibile soluzioni che riguardano il presente tema all?interno della dinamica sociale e dell?ordinamento giuridico patrio.
A presente pesquisa volta-se para o estudo de uma relevante ferramenta para a prote??o da v?tima prevista na Lei 11.340/2006 (?Lei Maria da Penha?) ? as medidas protetivas de urg?ncia ? em raz?o da necessidade de reavalia??o de seu espectro de aplica??o, notadamente diante das novas perspectivas familiares e da busca pela prote??o da v?tima no Estado social e democr?tico de Direito. Tendo como base o princ?pio da dignidade da pessoa da v?tima, faz-se necess?rio avaliar as possibilidades de a??es estatais positivas no ?mbito da prote??o ? sa?de, da integridade f?sica e psicol?gica, e da vida do ofendido ? levando-se em considera??o (os paradigmas da p?s-modernidade como) a inseguran?a em uma ?sociedade de risco?. Nesse passo, buscou-se explorar as ferramentas penais e processuais disponibilizadas, pelo legislador, ? v?tima (no contexto da Lei 11.340/2006), bem como analisar a possibilidade de sua aplica??o quando o agressor e o ofendido forem do sexo masculino, a partir de um cotejo entre a doutrina e a jurisprud?ncia, para tra?ar (ou ao menos buscar refletir sobre) as maiores dificuldades para o operador do direito e as poss?veis solu??es que envolvem o presente tema na din?mica social bem como no ordenamento jur?dico p?trio.

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Cocchiarale, Yuri Barboza. "Os efeitos da lei nº 12.858/2013 na composição da receita dos beneficiários dos royalties: efeito 'nulo' no curto prazo versus migração no longo prazo." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/18530.

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The aim of this study is to show that the creation of the Law no. 12,858 / 2013 has an irrelevant effect in the short term, regarding issues related to health and education problems. By adopting some assumptions capable of modeling the obtained database and estimating oil production using the SARIMA, Holt-Winters and Kalman Filter models, combined with the price forecast, the portrayed results can consistently reflect the impacts brought by this law. The problem becomes even bigger in a long-term horizon, in which the migration of revenue from royalties will overwhelmingly affect the entities who benefit from it.
Este trabalho tem como objetivo mostrar que a criação da Lei n° 12.858/2013 possui um efeito irrelevante no curto prazo, no que tange as questões ligadas aos problemas da saúde e educação. Adotando algumas premissas capazes de modelar o banco de dados obtido e estimando a produção do petróleo utilizando os modelos SARIMA, Holt-Winters e Filtro de Kalman, combinadas com a previsão dos preços, os resultados apresentados conseguem refletir de forma consistente os impactos trazidos por esta lei. O problema ainda se torna maior em um horizonte de longo prazo, onde a migração da receita provida dos royalties afetará de forma devastadora os entes que se beneficiam dela.

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Nilsson, Gunnar. "Os limites da autoridade parental frente aos direitos fundamentais da crian?a e do adolescente nas rela??es familiares." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2012. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/4190.

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The present research analyzes the efficiency of fundamental rights of children and teenagers as well as the application of the best interests of the children and teenagers in familiar relationships. This research also will aboard the collision chances between the fundamental rights to freedom, to respect, to dignity and to family and conviviality and the living in communities compared with the duties inherent parental authority, pointing a thinking as criterion to solve the cases of collision of fundamental rights. It seems to be that the fundamentals rights of children and teenagers have a straight efficiency in family relationships as well as the adoption of duty theory of protection should cover in threats and aggressions coming from others, pointing ensure the best interest of the children. In the first part we will treat about the evolution of the institute of parental authority, then for Roman Law school, then to Civil Right, encoded and for Federal Constitution, even by his current configuration. In the second part of research it will analyze the Doctrine of Integral Protection, the principle of best interest of children, the fundamentals rights of juveniles and the theories of efficiency fundamental rights in the relation of privates, as in his Germanic origin, as in the current situation of Brazilian scenery. In the third part we will review first, the evolution of family relations between parents and children of modernity to post-modernity. Later enter in the effectiveness of the fundamental rights of children and adolescents in family relationships, especially the direct effectiveness of fundamental rights for children and juveniles in family relationships, and the theory of obligations in ensuring protection against any threats from rights of third parties.Cover-if you have the chances of a collision between the fundamental rights of children-juveniles and duties inherent in parental authority, pointing out some criteria for resolving them, aiming always the guarantee of the best interests of children and adolescents.
A presente pesquisa analisa a efic?cia dos direitos fundamentais da crian?a e do adolescente, bem como, a aplica??o do princ?pio do melhor interesse da crian?a e do adolescente nas rela??es familiares. Abordar-se-? tamb?m, as hip?teses de colis?o entre os direitos fundamentais ? liberdade, ao respeito, ? dignidade e ? conviv?ncia familiar e comunit?ria frente aos deveres inerentes ? autoridade parental, indicando a pondera??o como crit?rio para solucionar os casos de colis?o de direitos fundamentais. Parte-se do pressuposto de que os direitos fundamentais da crian?a e do adolescente possuem efic?cia direta nas rela??es familiares, assim como, a ado??o da teoria dos deveres de prote??o deva incidir nas amea?as e agress?es provenientes de terceiros, visando assegurar o melhor interesse da crian?a. Na primeira parte trataremos da evolu??o do instituto da autoridade parental, desse o Direito Romano, passando pelo Direito Civil codificado e pela Constitui??o Federal, at? sua atual configura??o. Na segunda parte da pesquisa analisar-se-? a Doutrina da Prote??o Integral, o princ?pio do melhor interesse da crian?a, os direitos fundamentais infanto-juvenis e as teorias da efic?cia dos direitos fundamentais nas rela??es entre particulares, tanto em sua origem germ?nica, como em sua atual situa??o no cen?rio brasileiro. Na terceira parte analisaremos primeiramente, a evolu??o das rela??es familiares entre pais e filhos da modernidade at? a p?s-modernidade. Posteriormente adentrar-se-? na efic?cia dos direitos fundamentais da crian?a e do adolescente nas rela??es familiares, especialmente a efic?cia direta dos direitos fundamentais infanto-juvenis nas rela??es familiares, e a teoria dos deveres de prote??o na assegura??o dos direitos frente ?s amea?as provenientes de terceiros. Abordam-se ainda as hip?teses de colis?o entre os direitos fundamentais infanto-juvenis e os deveres inerentes ? autoridade parental, apontando-se alguns crit?rios para solucion?-los, visando sempre a garantia do melhor interesse da crian?a e do adolescente.

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Loskotová, Dominika. "Oceňování lesa - porovnání oceňovacích metod v ČR - cena zjištěná, cena obvyklá." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232901.

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The aim of this study was to determine the most appropriate valuation method used for market valuation of forest property in the Czech Republic and to determine suitability for defined types of forest properties. Secondly, the aim was to compare market values with prices assessed determined by administrative methods according to Valuation Decree. Additionally, definitions and historical evolution relating to valuation of forest property and specificities of forest properties have been presented. In the theoretical part the study is analysing and comparing the evaluation methods. There are six forest properties from The Czech Republic evaluated in the practical part of the study. Four methods of evaluation have been demonstrated. The study compares used methods and evaluates suitability of each method for presented forest properties.

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Mussou, Amandine. "Mettre le savoir en fiction à la fin du XIVe siècle. Les Eschés amoureux en vers." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040076.

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Les Eschés amoureux, poème allégorique de trente mille vers datant de 1370-1380, se présentent comme une réponse au Roman de la Rose, en rejouant notamment l’intrigue sur un échiquier. Conservé dans deux manuscrits inachevés, encore largement inédit, ce texte a rapidement été éclipsé par son commentaire en prose, Le Livre des eschez amoureux moralisés, rédigé par Évrart de Conty, médecin personnel de Charles V. La récente attribution des Eschés amoureux à ce même auteur hisse le poème initial au rang d’œuvre destinée à être (auto-)commentée ; cette auto-exégèse est déjà esquissée dans l’un des témoins du texte en vers, qui comprend un apparat de gloses marginales latines participant d’un projet auctorial. Les Eschés amoureux articulent ambition narrative et transmission de connaissances variées, en intégrant notamment en leur sein deux traductions d’auctoritates, les Remedia amoris d’Ovide et le De regimine principum de Gilles de Rome. Ils offrent une mise en fiction du savoir singulière, réservant souvent ce qui fonde l’autorité du discours à un commentaire à venir. Cette présente étude s’attache à examiner les stratégies de divulgation du savoir par le biais d’un récit à la fin du XIVe siècle, en analysant notamment les modèles investis par Les Eschés amoureux, l’assemblage d’éléments hétéroclites qui préside à l’élaboration de cette fiction et la fonction dévolue au commentaire
The Eschés amoureux, a thirty thousand verse allegorical poem written circa 1370-1380, comes as a response to the Romance of the Rose, notably playing the initial plot on a chessboard. The text can be read in two incomplete manuscripts and is still mostly unedited. It was quickly outshone by its prose commentary, Le Livre des eschez amoureux moralisés, written by Évrart de Conty, King Charles V’s personal physician. The fact that the Eschés amoureux was recently attributed to this very same author pushes the initial poem to the rank of a work that requires (self-)commentaries; the outline of this self exegesis is to be found in one of the verse manuscripts, which comes with latin marginal glosses of major and auctorial importance. The Eschés amoureux connects a narrative project to the transmission of knowledge, inserting within the poem two translations of auctoritates, the ovidian Remedia amoris and the De regimine principum by Giles of Rome. It provides a peculiar fictionalization of knowledge, often setting aside the authoritative part of the discourse and keeping it for a forthcoming commentary. The present dissertation intends to analyze the ways knowledge was conveyed through narrative at the end of the XIVth century; it considers the models involved for this specific text, the miscellaneous items brought together in one single fiction and the part played by the commentary

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Nunes, Matheus Sim?es. "As cl?usulas de conte?do local e o desenvolvimento: an?lise do princ?pio constitucional da redu??o das desigualdades sociais e regionais com enfoque na ind?stria do petr?leo e g?s natural brasileira." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM DIREITO, 2015. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23713.

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Ag?ncia Nacional do Petr?leo - ANP
Em se tratando da Economia, a ado??o de medidas protecionistas consiste em tem?tica que sempre desperta interesse e suscita pol?mica, especialmente pelo not?vel alcance da regula??o estatal no ?mbito da liberdade de mercado, haja vista o direcionamento do poder-dever estatal de administrar a inger?ncia do interesse p?blico na constru??o do processo de desenvolvimento. Diante da relev?ncia do estudo do controle da liberdade concorrencial no seio da Ind?stria brasileira do Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?veis, o presente trabalho centraliza suas aten??es na avalia??o da efici?ncia econ?mica da Pol?tica de Conte?do Local adotada pelo Brasil nesse campo e sua contribui??o no processo de desenvolvimento do pa?s. A relev?ncia da tem?tica apresenta-se atrav?s da import?ncia cient?fica e pr?tica da investiga??o acerca dos reflexos da exig?ncia de aquisi??o local de bens e servi?os pelas empresas delegat?rias das atividades de Explora??o e Produ??o de petr?leo e g?s natural no Brasil. Pretende-se estudar, nessa abordagem jur?dico-econ?mica, se a mitiga??o da liberdade de mercado oriunda da inser??o das Clausulas de Conte?do Local contribui positivamente para a constru??o do desenvolvimento brasileiro. Nesse contexto, o modelo de regula??o adotado pelo Estado passa a constituir ferramenta basilar no que concerne ? atratividade dos interesses dos investidores no pa?s, servindo de refer?ncia para a verifica??o do potencial de concorr?ncia dos agentes do pa?s. Assim, em compasso com a proposta desta pesquisa, aborda-se a tem?tica ? luz dos sensos te?rico e pr?tico, de forma a promover, com enfoque no segmento de ?leo e g?s, uma an?lise sobre os reflexos da inser??o das Cl?usulas de Conte?do Local no cen?rio de mercado que se exige cada vez maior liberdade de atua??o dos agentes econ?micos a n?vel local e global. Para o trabalho em apre?o, utilizam-se como m?todos hipot?tico-dedutivo e funcionalista sist?mico para a abordagem, ao passo que a documenta??o indireta ? empregada no seio da pesquisa bibliogr?fica e documental. Uma vez empreendida a an?lise proposta, segundo a metodologia empregada para tal, conclui-se que a eleva??o da competitividade da ind?stria de hidrocarbonetos brasileira, imprescind?vel ao deslinde do processo de desenvolvimento, somente pode se realizar mediante a inser??o da inova??o no foco dessa din?mica. De igual forma, a efetividade da Pol?tica de Conte?do Local do pa?s, apesar de contribuir significativamente para o fortalecimento da cadeia produtiva nacional, deve constituir medida de cunho tempor?rio e receber rearranjo no sentido de afastar as barreiras anti-competitivas e minimizar os custos da produ??o.
Regarding economics, the adoption of protectionist measures consists on a theme that always arouses interest and raises polemics, especially by the notable range of state regulation in the free market's ambit, in view of the direction of state power and duty to manage the intervention of public interest in the construction of the development process. In the face of the importance of the competitive freedom's control study within the Brazilian Oil Industry, Natural Gas and Biofuels, this study centers its attention on evaluation of Local Content Policy economic efficiency adopted by Brazil in this area and its contribution in the country's development process. The theme's relevance presents through the scientific and practical importance of research concerning the requirement of local procurement of goods and services' reflects by represented companies of Exploration and Production of oil and natural gas' activities in Brazil. It is intended to study in this legal-economic approach, if its freedom market's mitigation from the insertion of Local Content Clauses contributes positively to the Brazilian development construction. In this context, the regulatory model adopted by the State becomes a fundamental tool concerning to the interests of investors' attractiveness in the country, used like reference for verification of potential competition from the country's agents. Therefore, in compass with this research's proposal, discusses with the theme in light of theoretical and practical senses, in order to promote, focused on oil and gas sector, an analysis about the impact of the Local Clauses Content's insertion in the market scenario what demands more freedom on the action of economic agents at local and global level. For the present work have been used hypothetical-deductive as methods and systemic functionalist as approach, while the indirect documentation is applied within bibliographical and documentary research. Once undertaken the proposed analysis, according the applied methods, it concludes that the competitivity elevation of the Brazilian hydrocarbons industry, essential to the development process conclusion, can only be done by inserting innovation in this dynamic focus. Likewise, the effectiveness of the country's Local Content Policy, although significantly contribute to the strengthening of national production chain, has to constitute a temporary measure and receive rearrangement in order to separate anti-competitive barriers and minimize production costs.

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Montialoux, Claire. "Essays on the redistributive effects of the minimum wage." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLG003/document.

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Cette thèse analyse les effets redistributifs du salaire minimum. Le premier chapitre montre que l’introduction du salaire minimum en 1967 dans un certain nombre de secteurs de l’économie qui en étaient exclus jusqu’alors peut expliquer plus de 20% de la réduction des inégalités entre Blancs et Noir-Américains dans les années 1960 et le début des années 1970 aux États-Unis – la seule période (depuis la seconde guerre mondiale) au cours de laquelle les inégalités raciales sur le marché du travail ont diminué. Cette réforme a eu un rôle aussi déterminant dans l’évolution des inégalités raciales que l’augmentation du nombre d’années d’études pour les Noir-Américains ou les lois contre la discrimination. Le deuxième chapitre de cette thèse est consacré à l’estimation de la transmission des augmentations de salaire minimum dans les prix des produits vendus dans les supermarchés américains.Une augmentation moyenne de 10% du salaire minimum se traduit par une augmentation de 0.2% dans les prix des supermarchés entre 2001 et 2012. Cette elasticité-prix est cohérente avec une tranmission de l’intégralité de l’augmentation des coûts du travail dans les prix de vente aux consommateurs. L’augmentation des prix des supermarchés réduit les gains de revenu nominaux liés à l’augmentation du salaire minimum entre de 3 à 12%, selon le niveau de revenu du ménage. Le troisième chapitre calibre un modèle du marché du travail qui permet de simuler les effets d’une augmentation du salaire minimum au niveau fédéral à $15 d’ici 2024 aux États-Unis. Il s’agit de comparer les niveaux d’emploi obtenus si la réforme est adoptée aux niveaux d’emploi obtenu si la réforme n’est pas adoptée, et ce, selon les valeurs d’une série d’élasticités bien identifiées
This dissertation studies the redistributive effects of minimum wage policies. The first chapter provides the first causal evidence of how the minimum wage has affected the historical evolution of racial inequality in the United States. It shows that the extension of the federal minimum wage to new sectors of the economy in 1967 can explain more than 20% of the decline in the racial earnings gap observed during the Civil Rights Era -- the only period of time (post World-War II) during which racial inequality fell in the United States. This effect is as large as previously studied policies and economic factors, such as the improvement in schooling for African-Americans or federal anti-discrimination policies. The second chapter estimates the pass-through of minimum wage increases into prices of US grocery stores, using high-frequency scanner level data. A 10% minimum wage hike translates into a 0.2% increase in grocery prices between 2001 and 2012. This magnitude is consistent with a full pass-through of cost increases into consumer prices. Depending on household income, grocery price increases offset between 3 and 12% of the nominal income gains. The third chapter estimates a calibrated labor market model to analyze the likely effects of a $15 federal minimum wage by 2024. It compares employment numbers if the policy were adopted to employment numbers if the policy had not been adopted using a wide range of well-identified elasticities

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Senturk, Huseyin. "An Empirical Comparison Of Interest Rate Models For Pricing Zero Coupon Bond Options." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609786/index.pdf.

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The aim of this study is to compare the performance of the four interest rate models (Vasicek Model, Cox Ingersoll Ross Model, Ho Lee Model and Black Der- man Toy Model) that are commonly used in pricing zero coupon bond options. In this study, 1{5 years US Treasury Bond daily data between the dates June 1, 1976 and December 31, 2007 are used. By using the four interest rate models, estimated option prices are compared with the real observed prices for the begin- ing work days of each months of the years 2004 and 2005. The models are then evaluated according to the sum of squared errors. Option prices are found by constructing interest rate trees for the binomial models based on Ho Lee Model and Black Derman Toy Model and by estimating the parameters for the Vasicek and the Cox Ingersoll Ross Models.

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Rabaute, Alain. "Obtenir une représentation en continu de la lithologie et de la minéralogie. Exemples d'application du traitement statistique de données de diagraphie aux structures sédimentaires en régime de convergence de plaques (Leg ODP 134, 156 et 160)." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00425334.

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Les techniques de diagraphies sont un moyen privilégié pour étudier les formations géologiques profondes, inaccessibles à l'observation directe. Elles mesurent en continu et in situ de nombreux paramètres pétrophysiques, ainsi que les concentrations en 7 éléments majeurs (Si, Ca, Fe, Al, S, K, Ti) et 3 éléments traces (U, Th et Gd). Une connaissance préalable des différents modes de fonctionnement des outils et de leur calibration permet d'évaluer la précision de la mesure. Celle-ci est surtout fonction des conditions de mesure (diamètre et rugosité du puits, vitesse de mesure). Lorsque les données sont de bonne qualité, les méthodes de classification multivariée, comme la méthode des nuées dynamiques ou le k-means, sont employées comme premier outil de visualisation des grandeurs mesurées par diagraphie. En parallèle ou en complément, à l'aide de méthodes d'inversion linéaire ou non-linéaire, il est possible de calculer une minéralogie en continu avec une précision suffisante pour être utilisée dans des modèles pétrophysiques et géologiques. Les zones de convergence de plaques lithosphériques sont des environnements géologiques instables, dans lesquels les techniques de diagraphie par cable, classiquement utilisée dans les forages scientifiques océaniques ou continentaux, ne permettent pas d'obtenir des données de bonne qualité. La nouvelle méthode de Logging-While-Drilling, ne laisse pas à l'environnement de mesure le temps de se déteriorer et donne une mesure utilisable. L'interprétation géologique, minéralogique et faciologique des données de diagraphies apportent des indications précieuses sur la dynamique sédimentaire, ainsi que sur les éventuelles transformations minéralogiques. Le caractère in situ de la mesure rend possible la modélisation de la dynamique des fluides ou de la variation et de l'orientation des champs de contrainte, dont les environnements étudiés sont souvent le siège.

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Boussofara, Anissa. "Le principe d’interprétation autonome dans la Convention de Vienne sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0010/document.

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L’étude de l’interprétation de la Convention des Nations Unies sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises du 11 avril 1980 (CVIM) révèle la nécessité de la mise en œuvre d’un principe d’interprétation autonome, également affirmé dans d’autres instruments juridiques (conventions onusiennes, Principes UNIDROIT). Le principe d’interprétation autonome, inhérent au droit transnational, impose la prise en compte du caractère international des normes à interpréter ainsi que la promotion de leur uniformité d’application. Il s’agit ainsi d’assurer l’autonomie des termes du texte juridique à interpréter. Le comblement des lacunes du texte, qui constitue le second versant de l’interprétation juridique, est opéré par le recours aux principes généraux sous-tendant le texte. Le recours aux règles de droit interne n’aura lieu qu’en dernier ressort. L’étude se propose d’évaluer la mise en œuvre du principe d’interprétation autonome lors de l’application de la CVIM. A cette fin, il convient d’observer l’attitude du juge français lors de l’application du texte, non sans examiner la jurisprudence internationale ainsi que les sentences arbitrales l’appliquant également. Certaines dispositions et expressions conventionnelles ont été privilégiées afin d’examiner leur interprétation (par exemple : le contrat de fourniture, la contravention essentielle, le raisonnable, l’article 78 imposant l’application d’intérêts à toute somme due sans en fixer le taux). Le principe de bonne foi, guidant l’interprétation de la CVIM est également décortiqué dans sa relation avec l’interprétation de la CVIM. Il ressort de l’étude que la jurisprudence française méconnait le principe d’interprétation autonome lors de l’application de la CVIM. La comparaison avec d’autres juridictions montre que certaines d’entre elles font état d’une meilleure considération des règles d’interprétation édictées dans la Convention (Allemagne, Italie). La jurisprudence arbitrale révèle des sentences particulièrement enclines à la mise en œuvre du principe d’interprétation autonome sans que cette pratique ne soit uniforme. Les arbitres du commerce international sont souvent dotés d’une culture internationaliste et surtout, ils ne relèvent d’aucun ordre juridique national. Ils sont par conséquent beaucoup moins susceptibles d’être influencés par des références de droit interne et ainsi plus à même d’opérer une interprétation autonome des textes internationaux qu’ils mettent en œuvre. Ceci étant, l’affirmation explicite de l’application d’un principe d’interprétation autonome est quasiment inexistante dans la jurisprudence arbitrale comme dans celle des tribunaux étatiques.La présente étude a pour ambition d’élargir la connaissance du principe d’interprétation autonome par les interprètes du droit matériel uniforme en utilisant la CVIM comme support de démonstration. Le rôle du principe d’interprétation autonome sera fondamental dans l’expansion et la bonne application du droit uniforme. En effet, cette méthode d’interprétation est à même de respecter l’objectif du droit uniforme
When analyzing the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods adopted the 11 April 1980 (CISG), a principle of autonomous interpretation appears. This principle is stated in other legal texts (as United Nations conventions and UNIDROIT Principles). The principle of autonomous interpretation belongs to the transnational law and leads to take into account the international character of the legal provisions to be interpreted and to promote the uniformity of their application as “expressed” in the article 7 of the CISG. General principles underlying the CISG are used for gap-fillings which is the second side of legal interpretation. Using national laws is the ultimate resort.The principle of autonomous interpretation in the application of the CISG will be studied. For this purpose, judicial decisions and arbitral awards will be examined. Dispositions from the Convention have been chosen for their interpretation to be examined. The principle of good faith is also examined in its relation with the CISG interpretation. It will be observed that French case-law doesn’t acknowledge the principle of autonomous interpretation. Arbitral awards show a more important tendency to apply the principle of autonomous interpretation but there is no uniformity. The arbitrators in international trade have multicultural traditions and do not depend on a forum. Therefore they are less likely to be “influenced” by national “references” and so much more capable to interpret autonomously international dispositions. Nevertheless the “express” affirmation of a principle of autonomous interpretation is missing from arbitral awards and judicial decisions. This thesis aims to enlarge the acknowledgement of the principle of autonomous interpretation by the interpreters of uniform law using the CISG as a model. The function of the principle of autonomous interpretation will be fundamental to the expansion and to the correct application of uniform law. This method of interpretation is respectful of the objective of uniform law

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Bartenstein, Kristin. "L'antagonisme «commerce et environnement» ou le principe de développement durable comme fil conducteur pour la réconciliation des intérêts commerciaux et environnementaux sous l'article XX du GATT." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24190/24190.pdf.

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Mondello, Gérard. "Logique environnementale, logique économique : Etude par le contentieux des Installations Classées pour la Protection de l'Environnement (ICPE)." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00727231.

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La législation des installations classées pour la protection de l'environnement (ICPE) est généralement entendue comme un compromis entre la protection des intérêts économique et ceux de l'environnement. Cette thèse analyse la nature des termes de ce contrat social et, pour ce faire, elle étude des différents contentieux des ICPE, judiciaires (civil et pénal) et administratifs. Sont alors mises en évidence les difficultés structurelles pour réaliser cet objet qui tiennent aux manques d'une véritable représentation de l'environnement devant ces différentes juridictions. Cela en dépit des avancées législatives et constitutionnelles indéniables. Ce travail propose des pistes pour une réécriture de la police ICPE par une meilleure intégration des principes fondamentaux du développement durable, notamment, la précaution et la participation du public. Cette reformulation implique l'extension de la responsabilité sans faute à la précaution.

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Sweet, Anne. "Le Girl Power en question dans Xena Warrior Princess et Charmed : enjeux sociaux et commerciaux dans des politiques de genre." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030159.

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Cette thèse s’interroge sur les enjeux sociaux et commerciaux des politiques de genre. Par conséquent, elle considère la notion de Girl Power définie comme le pouvoir des filles et examine les discours renégociés autour du genre par l’examen d’héroïnes de séries des années 1990. Par contraste avec les séries des années 1970 qui relèvent du féminisme de la 2e vague, les séries des années 1990-2000 s’inscrivent davantage dans la mouvance du féminisme de la 3e vague. Ces séries ont suscité des polémiques autour des questions de féminisme et de violence télévisée et féminisée. Le corpus est principalement composé de deux séries Girl Power, Xena : Warrior Princess et Charmed, qui symbolisent le pouvoir féminin car les héroïnes d'action s’affichent en premier rôle. Ce sont des séries à succès, qui ont été diffusées pendant plusieurs saisons, dont les icônes continuent à circuler dans la culture populaire américaine. L’analyse de ces séries s’organise en deux temps principaux : une première partie considère les représentations du Girl Power et ses ambiguïtés tandis qu’une deuxième partie se concentre sur la négociation des discours de pouvoir et de genre. L'interprétation de ces symboles du pouvoir féminin n'est pas fixe et fluidifie les frontières du genre, notamment en mettant en crise la masculinité. Les séries sur les femmes violentes sont des produits commerciaux. Toutefois elles ont eu un impact sur la culture américaine en soulignant les contradictions et tensions entre les deux vagues du féminisme. Elles ont également eu un effet sur la vie des communautés de fans qui entretiennent des relations avec les séries à travers les sites web et les réseaux sociaux
This thesis investigates the social and economic issues at play in the politics of gender. Hence it delves into the phenomenon of Girl Power, or the « power of girls », and examines the discourses renegotiated around gender through analysis of TV series’ heroines from the 1990s. In contrast with series from the 1970s, which were influenced by the second wave of feminism, the series from 1990-2000 inscribed themselves more in the sphere of influence of feminism’s third wave. These series have provoked debates about issues of televisual violence and feminism. The corpus is principally composed of two Girl Power series, Xena: Warrior Princess and Charmed, which symbolize women’s power because they are centered on action heroines. These were successful series that were broadcast for several seasons and whose icons continue to disseminate in American popular culture. The analysis of these series is organized into two parts: the first part examines respresentations of Girl Power and its ambiguities, while the second part focuses on the negotiation of discourses of power and gender. The interpretation of these symbols of women’s power is not fixed, and blurs gender borders, notably in showing masculinity in crisis. TV series about violent women are commercial products. Yet they have had an impact on American culture in underlining the contradictions and tensions between the two waves of feminism. They have also affected the lives of the communities of fans, who sustain relationships with the series through web sites and social networks

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Topp, Paredes Erwin. "Some results for nonlocal elliptic and parabolic nonlinear equations." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/129978.

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Doctor en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Mención Modelación Matemática
\quad Esta tesis est\'a dedicada al estudio de propiedades cualitativas de ecuaciones el\'ipticas degeneradas donde la difusi\'on es puramente no local, y se lleva a cabo en el contexto de la teor\'ia de soluciones viscosas. La primera parte de la tesis trata el estudio de propiedades de compacidad de una familia de \textsl{operadores no locales de orden cero}, es decir, operadores el\'ipticos no locales definidos a trav\'es de una medida finita. Consideramos un familia uni-param\'etrica de operadores de orden cero de la forma \begin \mathcal_\epsilon(u, x) = \int_ [u(x + z) - u(x)]K_\epsilon(z)dz, \end donde, para cada $\epsilon \in (0,1)$, $K_\epsilon \in L^1(\mathbb^N)$ es una funci\'on radialmente sim\'etrica y positiva. Configuramos nuestro problema de manera que $\mathcal_\epsilon$ aproxime el Laplaciano fraccionario cuando $\epsilon \to 0^+$, lo que implica que la norma $L^1$ de $K_\epsilon$ es no acotada a medida que $\epsilon \to 0^+$. Como primer resultado de esta parte obtenemos un m\'odulo de continuidad en espacio-tiempo para la familia de soluciones acotadas de la ecuaci\'on del calor no local en el plano asociada a $\mathcal_\epsilon$ que es independiente de $\epsilon \in (0,1)$. El segundo resultado de esta parte considera un problema de Dirichlet en un dominio acotado $\Omega \subset \mathbb^N$ asociado a $\mathcal_\epsilon$, y concluimos la compacidad de la familia de soluciones acotadas $\_\epsilon$ para estos problemas de Dirichlet encontrando un m\'odulo de continuidad com\'un en $\bar$ para $\_\epsilon$, que es independiente de $\epsilon$. \medskip La segunda parte de la tesis est\'a relacionada con la existencia y unicidad, regularidad y comportamiento a grandes tiempos para ecuaciones no locales con t\'erminos de gradiente dominantes. Comenzamos con la existencia y unicidad de una ecuaci\'on de Hamilton-Jacobi de la forma \begin{equation*} \begin{array}{rll} \lambda u - \mathcal{I}(u) + H(x, Du) & = 0 \quad & \mbox{en} \ \Omega \\ u & = \varphi \quad & \mbox{en} \ \Omega^c, \end{array} \end{equation*} donde el Hamiltoniano $H$ tiene una \textsl{forma de Bellman}. Estructuramos el problema de manera que el operador no local $\mathcal{I}$ es de orden menor que $1$ y por lo tanto puede aparecer una p\'erdida de la condici\'on de borde. En la segunda secci\'on de esta parte, consideramos $H$ coercivo con un crecimiento en el gradiente m\'as fuerte que el orden de la difusi\'on del operador no local. El resultado principal en este caso es la continuidad H\"older para \textsl{subsoluciones} para este problema. Estabilidad de las estimaciones de regularidad cuando $\lambda \to 0$ permiten concluir el comportamiento asint\'otico erg\'odico cuando $t \to \infty$ para el problema parab\'olico asociado en el toro. En esta tarea, principios del m\'aximo fuertes son de importancia mayor en el an\'alisis asint\'otico. Finalmente, adaptamos los resultados obtenidos en las primeras dos secciones de esta parte de la tesis para obtener el comportamiento a grandes tiempos para el problema de Cauchy-Dirichlet asociado a $H$ en las formas Bellman y coercivo. En este caso, la influencia del dato exterior en la ecuaci\'on a trav\'es del t\'ermino no local hace que el problema parab\'olico aproxime al correspondiente problema estacionario cuando $t \to \infty$.

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Sonono, Masimba Energy. "Applications of conic finance on the South African financial markets /| by Masimba Energy Sonono." Thesis, North-West University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9206.

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Conic finance is a brand new quantitative finance theory. The thesis is on the applications of conic finance on South African Financial Markets. Conic finance gives a new perspective on the way people should perceive financial markets. Particularly in incomplete markets, where there are non-unique prices and the residual risk is rampant, conic finance plays a crucial role in providing prices that are acceptable at a stress level. The theory assumes that price depends on the direction of trade and there are two prices, one for buying from the market called the ask price and one for selling to the market called the bid price. The bid-ask spread reects the substantial cost of the unhedgeable risk that is present in the market. The hypothesis being considered in this thesis is whether conic finance can reduce the residual risk? Conic finance models bid-ask prices of cashows by applying the theory of acceptability indices to cashows. The theory of acceptability combines elements of arbitrage pricing theory and expected utility theory. Combining the two theories, set of arbitrage opportunities are extended to the set of all opportunities that a wide range of market participants are prepared to accept. The preferences of the market participants are captured by utility functions. The utility functions lead to the concepts of acceptance sets and the associated coherent risk measures. The acceptance sets (market preferences) are modeled using sets of probability measures. The set accepted by all market participants is the intersection of all the sets, which is convex. The size of this set is characterized by an index of acceptabilty. This index of acceptability allows one to speak of cashows acceptable at a level, known as the stress level. The relevant set of probability measures that can value the cashows properly is found through the use of distortion functions. In the first chapter, we introduce the theory of conic finance and build a foundation that leads to the problem and objectives of the thesis. In chapter two, we build on the foundation built in the previous chapter, and we explain in depth the theory of acceptability indices and coherent risk measures. A brief discussion on coherent risk measures is done here since the theory of acceptability indices builds on coherent risk measures. It is also in this chapter, that some new acceptability indices are introduced. In chapter three, focus is shifted to mathematical tools for financial applications. The chapter can be seen as a prerequisite as it bridges the gap from mathematical tools in complete markets to incomplete markets, which is the market that conic finance theory is trying to exploit. As the chapter ends, models used for continuous time modeling and simulations of stochastic processes are presented. In chapter four, the attention is focussed on the numerical methods that are relevant to the thesis. Details on obtaining parameters using the maximum likelihood method and calibrating the parameters to market prices are presented. Next, option pricing by Fourier transform methods is detailed. Finally a discussion on the bid-ask formulas relevant to the thesis is done. Most of the numerical implementations were carried out in Matlab. Chapter five gives an introduction to the world of option trading strategies. Some illustrations are used to try and explain the option trading strategies. Explanations of the possible scenarios at the expiration date for the different option strategies are also included. Chapter six is the appex of the thesis, where results from possible real market scenarios are presented and discussed. Only numerical results were reported on in the thesis. Empirical experiments could not be done due to limitations of availabilty of real market data. The findings from the numerical experiments showed that the spreads from conic finance are reduced. This results in reduced residual risk and reduced low cost of entering into the trading strategies. The thesis ends with formal discussions of the findings in the thesis and some possible directions for further research in chapter seven.
Thesis (MSc (Risk Analysis))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.

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BOURLANGE, Sylvain. "Relations entre fluides et déformations dans le prisme d'accrétion de Nankai." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008747.

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Ce travail de thèse est une étude des relations entre les fluides et les déformations dans le prisme d'accrétion de Nankai. Ce travail s'appuie entre autres sur les résultats des deux campagnes de forage récentes Leg Ocean Drilling Program 190 et 196. L'étude des relations entre la mise en place de déformations et les circulations de fluides est plus particulièrement centrée sur le décollement, au front du prisme. Nous présentons d'abord une estimation de la surpression de fluides dans les formations sédimentaires autour du décollement à partir de l'étude des profils de porosité. Ceci nous permet de montrer que le décollement n'est pas une barrière pour les surpressions de fluides et de proposer que le saut de porosité au niveau du décollement résulte d'une discontinuité de l'état de contrainte au travers du décollement. Nous étudions ensuite l'anomalie de chlorinité présente dans les fluides interstitiels de la formation dans laquelle se développe le décollement. Nous montrons que l'on peut rendre compte de cette anomalie en ne considérant que les processus de compaction des argiles et de transformation des smectites en illites. Par ailleurs, nous avons mesuré la perméabilité d'échantillons du prisme sous contraintes avec une presse triaxiale, nécessaire pour la réalisation de simulations numériques de circulation de fluides dans le prisme. Les perméabilités mesurées sont comprises entre 10-18 et 10-19 m2. La rupture des échantillons entraîne une augmentation de la perméabilité à faible pression de confinement mais pas de modification de la perméabilité à une pression de confinement correspondant à la contrainte verticale de l'échantillon en place. Dans une autre partie, nous comparons les mesures de porosité des échantillons et la porosité calculée dans la formation in situ à partir d'un log de résistivité. Cela nous permet de montrer que la zone de décollement présente à la fois des déformations compactantes et dilatantes. Nous estimons la dilatance de fracture du décollement entre 2 et 8 %, et nous proposons un modèle incrémentiel de propagation du décollement par couplage entre des transferts transitoires de surpression de fluides et la déformation mécanique en tête de décollement. Enfin, nous présentons une étude numérique en 2D de la propagation d'ondes de surpression de fluide le long du décollement en supposant que la perméabilité dépend de la pression effective. Les ondes peuvent se propager rapidement le long du décollement. Le couplage hydromécanique entre l'état de contrainte dans la séquence subduite et la pression de fluide dans le décollement est proposés comme un mécanisme possible d'initiation et d'entretien de l'onde de pression.

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Henneaux, François. "Le moment de la naissance du revenu imposable en droit fiscal belge: Fait générateur du revenu, interaction avec le régime des fruits civils, interaction avec le principe d'annualité de l'impôt." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/321960.

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Le moment où le revenu imposable naît a une incidence directe sur le moment où le contribuable est amené à payer l’impôt. En effet, pour prendre l’exemple des revenus d’activités, le contribuable paie l’impôt à un moment différent selon que le revenu imposable naît au moment de la naissance de la créance de revenu, au moment de l’exécution de la contre-prestation, au moment de l’exigibilité de la créance de revenu ou au moment du paiement de la créance de revenu. Pourtant, malgré son intérêt théorique et pratique, le sujet a peu été étudié jusqu’ici en droit fiscal belge. Cette thèse de doctorat entend contribuer à combler ce vide. La première partie identifie quels sont les faits générateurs du revenu en droit fiscal belge, en délimite les champs d’application respectifs et en précise les contours. Elle examine ainsi tour à tour le fait présumant la naissance du revenu, le fait générateur comptable, le fait générateur de la mise à disposition du revenu et les cas de « réalisation systématique » où le revenu naît de manière anticipée en raison de la perte pour le fisc du pouvoir d’imposer le revenu. La deuxième partie clarifie l’interaction entre les deux principaux faits générateurs du revenu ainsi identifiés – le fait générateur comptable et le fait générateur de la mise à disposition du revenu – et le régime des fruits civils. Dans son premier volet, elle détermine le fait générateur du fruit civil, cette question étant elle-même obscure, et précise la relation entre ce fait générateur et les principaux faits générateurs du revenu. Dans son second volet, elle clarifie la relation en droit civil et en droit fiscal entre, d’une part, la question de la naissance du revenu consistant en un fruit civil et, d’autre part, celle de la répartition de pareil revenu et de la détermination de la personne qui en est le contribuable. La troisième partie étudie le principe d’annualité de l’impôt contenu dans le Code des impôts sur les revenus 1992 en vertu duquel l’impôt est établi sur les revenus nés pendant la période imposable en raison de la survenance de leur fait générateur. Dans son premier volet, elle examine l’incidence de l’événement postérieur à la période imposable sur les revenus nés pendant cette période. Dans son second volet, elle établit un panorama des dérogations, explicites ou implicites, au principe d’annualité de l’impôt et puis analyse la plus complexe d’entre elles, à savoir celle relative aux loyers professionnels. Si la thèse examine principalement ces différentes questions de lege lata, elle ne délaisse pas pour autant tout aspect de lege ferenda. D’une part, sur la forme, elle formule plusieurs propositions d’amendements à droit constant pour améliorer la qualité de la loi. D’autre part, sur le fond, elle suggère d’autres solutions que celles du droit positif concernant les points qui méritent l’attention du législateur.
Doctorat en Sciences juridiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Anni, Samuele. "Images des représentations galoisiennes." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00903800.

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Dans cette thèse, on étudie les représentations 2-dimensionnelles continues du groupe de Galois absolu d'une clôture algébrique fixée de Q sur les corps finis qui sont modulaires et leurs images. Ce manuscrit se compose de deux parties.Dans la première partie, on étudie un problème local-global pour les courbes elliptiques sur les corps de nombres. Soit E une courbe elliptique sur un corps de nombres K, et soit l un nombre premier. Si E admet une l-isogénie localement sur un ensemble de nombres premiers de densité 1 alors est-ce que E admet une l-isogénie sur K ? L'étude de la repréesentation galoisienne associéee à la l-torsion de E est l'ingrédient essentiel utilisé pour résoudre ce problème. On caractérise complètement les cas où le principe local-global n'est pas vérifié, et on obtient une borne supérieure pour les valeurs possibles de l pour lesquelles ce cas peut se produire.La deuxième partie a un but algorithmique : donner un algorithme pour calculer les images des représentations galoisiennes 2-dimensionnelles sur les corps finis attachées aux formes modulaires. L'un des résultats principaux est que l'algorithme n'utilise que des opérateurs de Hecke jusqu'à la borne de Sturm au niveau donné n dans presque tous les cas. En outre, presque tous les calculs sont effectués en caractéristique positive. On étudie la description locale de la représentation aux nombres premiers divisant le niveau et la caractéristique. En particulier, on obtient une caractérisation précise des formes propres dans l'espace des formes anciennes en caractéristique positive.On étudie aussi le conducteur de la tordue d'une représentation par un caractère et les coefficients de la forme de niveau et poids minimaux associée. L'algorithme est conçu à partir des résultats de Dickson, Khare-Wintenberger et Faber sur la classification, à conjugaison près, des sous-groupes finis de $\PGL_2(\overline{\F}_\ell)$. On caractérise chaque cas en donnant une description et des algorithmes pour le vérifier. En particulier, on donne une nouvelle approche pour les représentations irréductibles avec image projective isomorphe soit au groupe symétrique sur 4 éléments ou au groupe alterné sur 4 ou 5 éléments.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lee Prince'

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