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Journal articles on the topic 'Leg Posture'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Groot, H. Jonathan, Matthew J. Rossman, Joel D. Trinity, Gwenael Layec, Stephen J. Ives, and Russell S. Richardson. "Passive leg movement-induced vasodilation in women: the impact of age." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 309, no. 5 (2015): H995—H1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00422.2015.

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Passive leg movement (PLM), an assessment of predominantly nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation, is decreased with age and cannot be augmented by posture-induced increases in femoral perfusion pressure in older men. However, this novel method of assessing vascular function has yet to be used to evaluate alterations in nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation with age in females. PLM was performed in 10 young (20 ± 1 yr) and 10 old (73 ± 2 yr) women in both the supine and upright-seated postures, whereas central and peripheral hemodynamic measurements were acquired second by second using noninvasive

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2

Qi, Jing, Xilun Ding, Weiwei Li, Zhonghua Han, and Kun Xu. "Fusing Hand Postures and Speech Recognition for Tasks Performed by an Integrated Leg–Arm Hexapod Robot." Applied Sciences 10, no. 19 (2020): 6995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10196995.

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Hand postures and speech are convenient means of communication for humans and can be used in human–robot interaction. Based on structural and functional characteristics of our integrated leg-arm hexapod robot, to perform reconnaissance and rescue tasks in public security application, a method of linkage of movement and manipulation of robots is proposed based on the visual and auditory channels, and a system based on hand postures and speech recognition is described. The developed system contains: a speech module, hand posture module, fusion module, mechanical structure module, control module,

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3

Lin, Chien-Hung, and Yan-Yu Lin. "Automatic Measurement of Neutral Foot Posture Using Three-Dimensional Scanning." Indonesian Journal of electronics, electromedical engineering, and medical informatics 3, no. 3 (2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.35882/ijeeemi.v3i3.1.

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The Rearfoot Angle (RFA) is the most commonly method used for foot posture assessment, and it is also a method for evaluating the subtalar joint neutral foot posture. However, orthopedists and researchers often meet trouble for the measurements of the RFA and neutral foot posture due to lacking measurement with automation and objectivity. In general, the RFA was measured using a goniometer to align with manual markers on the foot. The purpose of this study implements the automatic computing of leg angle, foot angle, and RFA by the foot model using Three-Dimensional (3D) scanning. This study co

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Aryal, K., S. R. Dodds, and R. Chukwulobelu. "Effect of Posture on the Pressure Exerted by Below-Knee Class II Compression Stockings on Normal Subjects." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 17, no. 1 (2002): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026835550201700108.

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Background: Below-knee elastic compression stockings are widely used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. The exact amount of pressure exerted by these stockings on different parts of leg and in different postures remains controversial. Objective: To examine the pressure exerted by correctly fitted class II below knee compression stockings at different levels and postures in normal subjects. Methods: Seven healthy human volunteers (mean age 38 years) were fitted with CEN class II below-knee compression stockings. Interface pressure measurements were recorded at 4 cm intervals fro

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Lu, Chi-Heng, Chiu-Ching Tuan, Yi-Chao Wu, et al. "Evaluate the Medial Muscle Strength by Kick Training between the Standing and Sitting Postures." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (2019): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040718.

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In order to ameliorate the anterior knee pain or peripheral pain around the tibia caused by patellar lateral subluxation, we evaluated the kick training effects of standing or sitting postures in strengthening the vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) on the quadriceps femoris muscle. A total of 83 subjects (45 male; 38 female) in both sitting and standing positions performed 10° to 90° leg lift and kick training. Among the male group, the effect of the sitting posture was better than that of the standing posture, 74.31% of the former achieved the training goal. In the female group, the effect of a s

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Chen, Yi-Lang, Ya-Ting Cheng, Jia-Ning Ye, Tzu-Ling Huang, and Wen-Ning Chen. "Posture and Time Arrangement Influence Shank Circumference Reduction When Performing Leg Raising Exercise." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (2020): 5735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165735.

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This study recruited nine young women who performed a leg raising exercise under six test combinations of three holding postures (lying supine, placing the shanks on a yoga ball, and elevating the legs at 60° against the wall) and two time arrangements (continuous vs. intermittent) for a period of 15 min. The intermittent arrangement included an additional 1-min rest set in the middle of the 15 min test. The participants’ shank circumference (SC) reductions and discomfort ratings were measured after each test combination was performed. Results indicated that the most efficient method for SC re

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Hu, X. P. "Cooperative Automatic Control for the Canopy Posture of a Four-Leg Hydraulic Support." International Journal of Simulation Modelling 19, no. 4 (2020): 713–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2507/ijsimm19-4-co20.

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The contact state between the canopy and roof of a hydraulic support considerably influences the bearing capacity and stability of the support. To ensure a secure contact between the canopy and roof in the setting stage, this paper proposes a cooperative double closed-loop automatic control technique for the canopy posture, with MATLAB used to simulate the canopy posture under different roof conditions. First, a cooperative double closed-loop automatic control model was established. Second, the method to determine the target value of the canopy posture and constraint conditions of the rising p

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Qin, Jian-Hua, Jie Luo, Kai-Chi Chuang, Tian-Syung Lan, Lie-Ping Zhang, and Huai-An Yi. "Stable Balance Adjustment Structure of the Quadruped Robot Based on the Bionic Lateral Swing Posture." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (August 28, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1571439.

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Aiming at the problem that the stability of the quadruped robot is decreased as its leg momentum is too high, a stable balance adjustment structure of the quadruped robot based on the bionic lateral swing posture is proposed. First, the leg structure of the quadruped robot is improved and designed by using the mechanism of the lateral swing posture of the leg of the hoof animal. Then, the D-H method is used to construct the corresponding leg kinematics model and determine the generalized coordinates of the leg joints in the lateral swing posture. The torque expression of the quadruped robot wh

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9

TERAMOTO, KIYOSHI, and NAGAO SHIRAI. "Effect of Leg Length Inequality on Upright Posture." Journal of exercise physiology 9, no. 4 (1994): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika1986.9.171.

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10

Edwards, Elton R., and Malcolm B. Menelaus. "Externally rotated leg posture and gait in infants." Medical Journal of Australia 144, no. 10 (1986): 528–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1986.tb112278.x.

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Avery, Nicole D., Kimberley D. Stocking, Joan E. Tranmer, Gregory A. L. Davies, and Larry A. Wolfe. "Fetal Responses to Maternal Strength Conditioning Exercises in Late Gestation." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 24, no. 4 (1999): 362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h99-028.

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Cardiovascular responses to strength conditioning exercises were examined in 12 healthy pregnant women and their unborn fetuses during the third trimester. A group of 12 healthy nonpregnant women of similar ages, parity, body height, and pre-pregnant body mass was also studied. Maternal heart rate and blood pressure and fetal heart rate (FHR) responses were measured in both the supine (30° tilt) and seated postures during handgrip (HG), single-leg extension (SL), and double-leg extension (DL) exercise. Subjects performed 3 sets of 10 reps at 50, 70, and 90% of their 10-repetition maximum (10-R

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Uddin, M. Z., and M. A. Yousuf. "A New Method for Human Posture Recognition Using Principal Component Analysis and Artificial Neural Network." Journal of Scientific Research 7, no. 3 (2015): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v7i3.19527.

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The recognition of human posture from images is currently a very active area of research in computer vision. This paper presents a novel recognition method to determine a human posture is of walking or sitting using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In this paper, two types of learning are used to recognize the human posture. One is unsupervised and another is supervised learning. We have used PCA for unsupervised learning and ANN for supervised learning. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, we have considered four types of human posture; wa

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Kuipers, Nathan T., Charity L. Sauder, Jason R. Carter, and Chester A. Ray. "Neurovascular responses to mental stress in the supine and upright postures." Journal of Applied Physiology 104, no. 4 (2008): 1129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01285.2007.

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The purpose of this study was to determine neurovascular responses to mental stress (MS) in the supine and upright postures. MS was elicited in 23 subjects (26 ± 1 yr) by 5 min of mental arithmetic. In study 1 ( n = 9), Doppler ultrasound was used to measure mean blood flow velocity in the renal (RBFV) and superior mesenteric arteries (SMBFV), and venous occlusion plethysmography was used to measure forearm blood flow (FBF). In study 2 ( n = 14), leg blood flow (LBF; n = 9) was measured by Doppler ultrasound, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; n = 5) was measured by microneurography.

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Schmitt, J., and J. Clark. "Modeling posture-dependent leg actuation in sagittal plane locomotion." Bioinspiration & Biomimetics 4, no. 4 (2009): 046005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-3182/4/4/046005.

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15

Chen, J. J. "Differential leg function in a sprawled-posture quadrupedal trotter." Journal of Experimental Biology 209, no. 2 (2006): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01979.

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16

Park, Shinsuk. "Underlying control strategy of human leg posture and movement." KSME International Journal 18, no. 4 (2004): 649–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02983649.

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17

Fong, Bianca F., Geert J. P. Savelsbergh, and Johanna I. P. de Vries. "Fetal leg posture in uncomplicated breech and cephalic pregnancies." European Journal of Pediatrics 168, no. 4 (2008): 443–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00431-008-0769-z.

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18

Harrington, Fred H. "Double Marking in Arctic Wolves, Canis lupus arctos: Influence of Order on Posture." Canadian Field-Naturalist 120, no. 4 (2006): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.22621/cfn.v120i4.357.

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Double marking by Arctic Wolves (Canis lupus arctos) was recorded by Mech (2006) from a pack on Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada, during 16 summers between 1986 and 2005. Using his data on the frequency of occurrence for each of the four postures used by Wolves for urine marking (males – raised leg and stand urinations; females – flexed leg and squat urinations), the probabilities of occurrence for each of eight possible double mark sequences were determined and compared with observed frequencies. Females were somewhat but not significantly more likely to initiate double mark sequences. There

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Nishiyasu, Takeshi, Shigeko Hayashida, Asami Kitano, Kei Nagashima, and Masashi Ichinose. "Effects of posture on peripheral vascular responses to lower body positive pressure." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 293, no. 1 (2007): H670—H676. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00462.2006.

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We tested the hypothesis that peripheral vascular responses (in the lower and upper limbs) to application of lower body positive pressure (LBPP) are dependent on the posture of the subjects. We measured heart rate, stroke volume, mean arterial pressure, leg and forearm blood flow (using the Doppler ultrasound technique), and leg (LVC) and forearm (FVC) vascular conductance in 11 subjects (9 men, 2 women) without and with LBPP (25 and 50 mmHg) in supine and upright postures. Mean arterial pressure increased in proportion to increases in LBPP and was greater in supine than in upright subjects. H

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20

Peper, Erik, and I.-Mei Lin. "Increase or Decrease Depression: How Body Postures Influence Your Energy Level." Biofeedback 40, no. 3 (2012): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-40.3.01.

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The treatment of depression has predominantly focused on medication or cognitive behavioral therapy and has given little attention to the effect of body movement and postures. This study investigated how body posture during movement affects subjective energy level. One hundred and ten university students (average age 23.7) rated their energy level and then walked in either a slouched position or in a pattern of opposite arm and leg skipping. After about two to three minutes, the students rated their subjective energy level, then walked in the opposite movement pattern and rated themselves agai

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Levinger, Pazit, and Wendy Gilleard. "Relationship Between Static Posture and Rearfoot Motion During Walking in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 96, no. 4 (2006): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/0960323.

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The reference posture used in angular motion calculations may play an important role in the relationship found between static posture and rearfoot motion in the frontal plane in a clinical population such as patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. This study examined the relationship between rearfoot inversion and eversion during the stance phase of walking and the static relaxed standing measurement in women (aged 18 years and older) with patellofemoral pain syndrome and controls and examined the influence of the reference posture used when calculating dynamic motion. Two reference postur

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Groot, H. Jonathan, Joel D. Trinity, Gwenael Layec, Matthew J. Rossman, Stephen J. Ives, and Russell S. Richardson. "Perfusion pressure and movement-induced hyperemia: evidence of limited vascular function and vasodilatory reserve with age." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 304, no. 4 (2013): H610—H619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00656.2012.

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To better understand the mechanisms contributing to reduced blood flow with age, this study sought to elucidate the impact of altered femoral perfusion pressure (FPP) on movement-induced hyperemia. Passive leg movement was performed in 10 young (22 ± 1 yr) and 12 old (72 ± 2 yr) healthy men for 2 min, with and without a posture-induced change in FPP (∼7 ± 1 ΔmmHg). Second-by-second measurements of central and peripheral hemodynamic responses were acquired noninvasively (finger photoplethysmography and Doppler ultrasound, respectively), with FPP confirmed in a subset of four young and four old

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23

Newcomer, S. C., C. L. Sauder, N. T. Kuipers, M. H. Laughlin, and C. A. Ray. "Effects of posture on shear rates in human brachial and superficial femoral arteries." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 294, no. 4 (2008): H1833—H1839. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01108.2007.

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Shear rate is significantly lower in the superficial femoral compared with the brachial artery in the supine posture. The relative shear rates in these arteries of subjects in the upright posture (seated and/or standing) are unknown. The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that upright posture (seated and/or standing) would produce greater shear rates in the superficial femoral compared with the brachial artery. To test this hypothesis, Doppler ultrasound was used to measure mean blood velocity (MBV) and diameter in the brachial and superficial femoral arteries of 21 healt

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Oshima, Toru, Kiyoshi Toriumi, Tomohiko Fujikawa, and Noboru Momose. "Effects of the Lower Leg Bi-Articular Muscle in Jumping." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 16, no. 6 (2004): 643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2004.p0643.

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We studied the effects of the lower leg bi-articular muscle in vertebrates in jumping. We used the proposed Jumping Jack model in computer simulation to analyze the impact of bi-articular muscle on postural jumping stability, energy transition caused by postural change, and the relationship between the ground reaction force and the center of gravity. We made a trial model and measured the jumping posture, ground reaction force, and jumping height to verify simulation results. The bi-articular muscle adjusted the ground reaction force so that the line of action invariably passed near the center

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Zhang, Shichang, Kuei-Kai Mao, Po-Ting Lin, et al. "Crypsis via leg clustering: twig masquerading in a spider." Royal Society Open Science 2, no. 3 (2015): 150007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.150007.

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The role of background matching in camouflage has been extensively studied. However, contour modification has received far less attention, especially in twig-mimicking species. Here, we studied this deceptive strategy by revealing a special masquerade tactic, in which the animals protract and cluster their legs linearly in the same axis with their bodies when resting, using the spider Ariamnes cylindrogaster as a model. We used cardboard papers to construct dummies resembling spiders in appearance and colour. To differentiate the most important factors in the concealment effect, we manipulated

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Gou, Huan, Tengda Shi, Lei Yan, and Jiang Xiao. "Gait and Posture Analysis Method Based on Genetic Algorithm and Support Vector Machines with Acceleration Data." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 28, no. 3 (2016): 418–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2016.p0418.

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[abstFig src='/00280003/18.jpg' width=""300"" text='The result of parameters optimization by GA' ] The support vector machine (SVM) we propose for automated gait and posture recognition is based on acceleration. Acceleration data are obtained from four accelerators attached to the human thigh and lower leg. In the experiment, volunteers take part in four gaits and postures, i.e., sitting, standing, walking and ascending stairs. Acceleration data that are preprocessed include normalization, a wavelet filter and dimension reduction. We used the SVM and a neural network to analyze the data proces

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Rosales-Velderrain, Armando, Michael Cardno, Jaime Mateus, Ravindra Kumar, Thomas Schlabs, and Alan R. Hargens. "Toe Blood Pressure and Leg Muscle Oxygenation with Body Posture." Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 82, no. 5 (2011): 531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3357/asem.2939.2011.

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Blum, Yvonne, Aleksandra Birn-Jeffery, Monica A. Daley, and Andre Seyfarth. "Does a crouched leg posture enhance running stability and robustness?" Journal of Theoretical Biology 281, no. 1 (2011): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2011.04.029.

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Fong, Bianca F., Geert J. P. Savelsbergh, Maaike R. Leijsen, and Johanna I. P. de Vries. "The influence of prenatal breech presentation on neonatal leg posture." Early Human Development 85, no. 3 (2009): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2008.10.003.

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Carrascal, Luis M., Eulalia Moreno, and Ingrid M. Mozetich. "Ecological plasticity of morphological design: an experimental analysis with tit species." Canadian Journal of Zoology 73, no. 11 (1995): 2005–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z95-236.

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To determine whether behavioural plasticity in foraging modes is contingent upon the morphology of the species, we analyzed the variability in frequency of use of foraging postures (standing versus hanging) under the selection pressure of predation risk. We studied the leg morphology of two contrasting tit species (Blue Tit, Parus caeruleus, and Crested Tit, P. cristatus). Results demonstrated that the leg morphology of the Blue Tit provides it with greater ecological plasticity in terms of foraging posture than that of the Crested Tit. Observed interspecific differences in ecological plastici

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Bobbert, Maarten F., L. J. Richard Casius, Igor W. T. Sijpkens, and Richard T. Jaspers. "Humans adjust control to initial squat depth in vertical squat jumping." Journal of Applied Physiology 105, no. 5 (2008): 1428–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90571.2008.

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The purpose of this study was to gain insight into the control strategy that humans use in jumping. Eight male gymnasts performed vertical squat jumps from five initial postures that differed in squat depth (P1–P5) while kinematic data, ground reaction forces, and electromyograms (EMGs) of leg muscles were collected; the latter were rectified and smoothed to obtain SREMGs. P3 was the preferred initial posture; in P1, P2, P4, and P5 height of the mass center was +13, +7, −7 and −14 cm, respectively, relative to that in P3. Furthermore, maximum-height jumps from the initial postures observed in

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Paquet, Victor, Laura Punnett, and Bryan Buchholz. "A Validity Study of Fixed-Interval Observations for the Assessment of Body Postures during Construction Work." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 12 (1998): 945–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804201223.

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Categories of body posture recorded with two observational methods were compared to measurements obtained with an electronic postural assessment system and video analysis during simulated construction tasks. The electronic postural assessment system consisted of electronic inclinometers to measure upper arm posture, knee flexion and trunk flexion, coveralls to house the inclinometer wiring, and an electro-goniometric system to measure trunk lateral bending and torsion. Video analysis included frozen-frame analysis that corresponded to the moment of observation and simulated real-time analysis.

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AminiAghdam, Soran, Reinhard Blickhan, and Kiros Karamanidis. "The influence of sagittal trunk lean on uneven running mechanics." Journal of Experimental Biology 224, no. 1 (2020): jeb228288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.228288.

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ABSTRACTThe role of trunk orientation during uneven running is not well understood. This study compared the running mechanics during the approach step to and the step down for a 10 cm expected drop, positioned halfway through a 15 m runway, with that of the level step in 12 participants at a speed of 3.5 m s−1 while maintaining self-selected (17.7±4.2 deg; mean±s.d.), posterior (1.8±7.4 deg) and anterior (26.6±5.6 deg) trunk leans from the vertical. Our findings reveal that the global (i.e. the spring-mass model dynamics and centre-of-mass height) and local (i.e. knee and ankle kinematics and

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YAMAGUCHI, Mitsukuni, Makoto IRITANI, Norio OONO, Satoshi NAGAI, Tsutomu YAMAZAKI, and Tsutomu FUKUI. "Pediphalanx Flexor Muscles Functions in a Standing Posture on One Leg." Journal of exercise physiology 4, no. 2 (1989): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1589/rika1986.4.65.

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KAWAJI, Shigeyasu, and Ken'ichi OGASAWARA. "Cooperative Biped Locomotion Control Based on the Posture of Supporting Leg." Transactions of the Institute of Systems, Control and Information Engineers 13, no. 12 (2000): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5687/iscie.13.12_529.

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SUDA, Yoshiko, Takeshi YANAGISAWA, and Masayuki NAKAMURA. "1817 Optimization of Initial Posture of Moving Leg of Walking Robot." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2007.20 (2007): 359–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2007.20.359.

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Kwon, Sung-Bok, Yeo-Jin Yi, Hye-Ja Han, et al. "Leg Length Inequality, Habitual Posture, and Pain in Women's College Students." Journal of muscle and joint health 19, no. 1 (2012): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5953/jmjh.2012.19.1.027.

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Carter, Sarah L., Alan R. Bryant, and Luke S. Hopper. "Lower-Leg and Foot Contributions to Turnout in University-Level Female Ballet Dancers." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 107, no. 4 (2017): 292–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/15-142.

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Background: Turnout in ballet is produced through summation of the joint structure characteristics and ranges of motion at the hip, knee, ankle, and foot. Contributions of the hip joint to functional turnout in dancers have received extensive examination, whereas little is known about contributions from the knee, ankle, and foot. The aim of this study was to explore the nonhip components of turnout to dancers' functional turnout in first position by assessing passive external tibiofemoral rotation and active measures of foot pronation, ie, navicular drop and Foot Posture Index. Methods: Ninete

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Kaplan, Defne Öcal. "Evaluating the Effect of 12 Weeks Football Training on the Posture of Young Male Basketball Players." Journal of Education and Training Studies 6, no. 10 (2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/jets.v6i10.3423.

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Posture is the most healthy and correct placement of each region in the body when compared to the whole body. The predominantly use of one side of the body disrupts the posture. A bad posture changes the center of gravity of the body and causes chronic skeletal and muscle soreness. It is aimed to determine whether there is a rehabilitative effect of football training that does not require the use of dominant arms on posture asymmetries which may occur in the basketball which requires the use of dominant arm and leg in the study.15 male basketball players who played basketball for an average of

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Chang, Young-Hui, and Lena H. Ting. "Mechanical evidence that flamingos can support their body on one leg with little active muscular force." Biology Letters 13, no. 5 (2017): 20160948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0948.

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Flamingos (Phoenicopteridae) often stand and sleep on one leg for long periods, but it is unknown how much active muscle contractile force they use for the mechanical demands of standing on one leg: body weight support and maintaining balance. First, we demonstrated that flamingo cadavers could passively support body weight on one leg without any muscle activity while adopting a stable, unchanging, joint posture resembling that seen in live flamingos. By contrast, the cadaveric flamingo could not be stably held in a two-legged pose, suggesting a greater necessity for active muscle force to sta

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TAN, ZHENG, YINGFU GUO, GUIBING LI, and LINGBO YAN. "KINEMATICS AND INJURY MECHANISM OF CYCLIST LOWER LIMB IN VEHICLE-TO-BICYCLE COLLISIONS." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 20, no. 06 (2020): 2050035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519420500359.

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Accident data show that lower limb is one of the most frequently injured body parts for cyclists in vehicle collisions. However, studies of cyclist lower limb injuries and protection are still sparse. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the kinematics and injury mechanism of cyclist lower limb in vehicle-to-bicycle collisions considering different impact boundary conditions. To achieve this, the finite element (FE) modeling approach and an FE human body lower limb model with detailed muscles were employed, and impact boundary conditions with different vehicle front-end shape

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Wang, Chunlei, Ting Zhang, Xiaohui Wei, Yongjun Long, and Shigang Wang. "Dynamic Imbalance Analysis and Stability Control of Galloping Gait for a Passive Quadruped Robot." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2015 (2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/479615.

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Some imbalance and balance postures of a passive quadruped robot with a simplified mathematical model are studied. Through analyzing the influence of the touchdown angle of the rear leg on the posture of the trunk during the flight phase, the stability criterion is concluded: the closer are the two moments which are the zero time of the pitching angle and the peak time of the center of mass, the better is the stability of the trunk posture during the flight phase. Additionally, the validity of the stability criterion is verified for the cat, greyhound, lion, racehorse, basset hound, and giraff

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Juárez-Campos, Ignacio, Diego A. Núñez-Altamirano, Lucia Márquez-Pérez, Leonardo Romero-Muñoz, M. Eunice Juárez-Campos, and Beatriz Juárez-Campos. "Bioinspired sprawling robotic leg and a path-planning procedure." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 15, no. 1 (2018): 172988141875988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1729881418759888.

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This article shows the characteristics of a sprawling robotic leg inspired by the limb postures of certain reptilian animals known as sprawling-legged creatures. The main part of the robotic limb is based on the eight-bar Peaucellier–Lipkin linkage, and its main attribute is the ability to trace a true straight line, due to the rotational motion of the input link. However, when the eight-bar linkage is modified, it is capable of tracing true circular concave or convex arcs, when two of its constitutive links have distinct and precise lengths. This gives rise to the concepts of concavity and co

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Hnatiuc, Mihaela, Oana Geman, Andrei George Avram, Deepak Gupta, and K. Shankar. "Human Signature Identification Using IoT Technology and Gait Recognition." Electronics 10, no. 7 (2021): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070852.

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This study aimed to develop an autonomous design system for recognizing the subject by gait posture. Gait posture is a type of non-verbal communication characteristic of each person, and can be considered a signature used in identification. This system can be used for diagnosis. The system helps aging or disabled subjects to identify incorrect posture to recover the gait. Gait posture gives information for subject identification using leg movements and step distance as characteristic parameters. In the current study, the inertial measurement units (IMUs) located in a mobile phone were used to

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Kazennikov, O. V., T. B. Kireeva, and V. Yu Shlykov. "Maintenance of Human Vertical Posture upon Asymmetric Leg Loading and Fixation of the Knee Joint of One Leg." Human Physiology 44, no. 1 (2018): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0362119718010097.

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Sheriff, Don D., Inger-Helene Nådland, and Karin Toska. "Hemodynamic consequences of rapid changes in posture in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 103, no. 2 (2007): 452–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01190.2006.

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Tolerance to +G z gravitational stress is reduced when +G z stress is preceded by exposure to hypogravity (fraction, 0, or negative G z). For example, there is an exaggerated fall in eye-level arterial pressure (ELAP) early on during +G z stress (head-up tilt; HUT) when this stress is immediately preceded by −G z stress (head-down tilt; HDT). The aims of the present study were to characterize the hemodynamic consequences of brief HDT on subsequent HUT and to test the hypothesis that an elevation in leg vascular conductance induced by −G z stress contributes to the exaggerated fall in ELAP. You

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YASUDA, Katuichi, Tomohisa KATO, and Shin-Ichiroh YAMAMOTO. "B109 Effect of proprioception from lower leg muscles in human erect posture." Proceedings of the JSME Conference on Frontiers in Bioengineering 2011.22 (2011): 55–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebiofro.2011.22.55.

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Vidoni, R., and A. Gasparetto. "Efficient force distribution and leg posture for a bio-inspired spider robot." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 59, no. 2 (2011): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2010.10.001.

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MURAI, Issei, Syunichi OHNUMA, Kazumi OIKAWA, and Shigenori OHKUBO. "2A1-C32 Walking by Leg Posture Switching for an Autonomous Quadruped Robot." Proceedings of JSME annual Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (Robomec) 2006 (2006): _2A1—C32_1—_2A1—C32_4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmermd.2006._2a1-c32_1.

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Maeda, Nozomi, Kiwamu Sakaguchi, Noshir R. Mehta, Emad F. Abdallah, Albert G. Forgione, and Atsuro Yokoyama. "Effects of Experimental Leg Length Discrepancies on Body Posture and Dental Occlusion." CRANIO® 29, no. 3 (2011): 194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/crn.2011.028.

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