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1
Mohan, Naveen. "Architecting Safe Automated Driving with Legacy Platforms." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Mekatronik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-223687.
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Modern vehicles have electrical architectures whose complexity grows year after year due to feature growth corresponding to customer expectations. The latest of the expectations, automation of the dynamic driving task however, is poised to bring about some of the largest changes seen so far. In one fell swoop, not only does required functionality for automated driving drastically increase the system complexity, it also removes the fall-back of the human driver who is usually relied upon to handle unanticipated failures after the fact. The need to architect thus requires a greater rigour than ever before, to maintain the level of safety that has been associated with the automotive industry. The work that is part of this thesis has been conducted, in close collaboration with our industrial partner Scania CV AB, within the Vinnova FFI funded project ARCHER. This thesis aims to provide a methodology for architecting during the concept phase of development, using industrial practices and principles including those from safety standards such as ISO 26262. The main contributions of the thesis are in two areas. The first area i.e. Part A contributes, (i) an analysis of the challenges of architecting automated driving, and serves as a motivation for the approach taken in the rest of this thesis, i.e. Part B where the contributions include, (ii) a definition of a viewpoint for functional safety according to the definitions of ISO 42010, (iii) a method to systematically extract information from legacy components and (iv) a process to use legacy information and architect in the presence of uncertainty to provide a work product, the Preliminary Architectural Assumptions (PAA), as required by ISO 26262. The contributions of Part B together comprise a methodology to architect the PAA. A significant challenge in working with the industry is finding the right fit between idealized principles and practical utility. The methodology in Part B has been judged fit for purpose by different parts of the organization at Scania and multiple case studies have been conducted to assess its usefulness in collaboration with senior architects. The methodology was found to be conducive in both, generating the PAA of a quality that was deemed suitable to the organization and, to find inadequacies in the architecture that had not been found earlier using the previous non-systematic methods. The benefits have led to a commissioning of a prototype tool to support the methodology that has begun to be used in projects related to automation at Scania. The methodology will be refined as the projects progress towards completion using the experiences gained. A further impact of the work is seen in two patent filings that have originated from work on the case studies in Part B. Emanating from needs discovered during the application of the methods, these filed patents (with no prior publications) outline the future directions of research into reference architectures augmented with safety policies, that are safe in the presence of detectable faults and failures. To aid verification of these ideas, work has begun on identifying critical scenarios and their elements in automated driving, and a flexible simulation platform is being designed and developed at KTH to test the chosen critical scenarios.<br>Efterfrågan på nya funktioner leder till en ständigt ökande komplexitet i moderna fordon, speciellt i de inbyggda datorsystemen. Införande av autonoma fordon utgör inte bara det mest aktuella exemplet på detta, utan medför också en av de största förändringar som fordonsbranschen sett. Föraren, som ”back-up” för att hantera oväntade situationer och fel, finns inte längre där vid höggradig automation, och motsvarande funktioner måste realiseras i de inbyggda system vilket ger en drastisk komplexitetsökning. Detta ställer systemarkitekter för stora utmaningar för att se till att nuvarande nivå av funktionssäkerhet bibehålls. Detta forskningsarbete har utförts i nära samarbete med Scania CV AB i det Vinnova (FFI)-finansierade projektet ARCHER. Denna licentiatavhandling har som mål att ta fram en metodik för konceptutveckling av arkitekturer, förankrat i industriell praxis och principer, omfattande bl.a. de som beskrivs i funktionssäkerhetsstandards som ISO 26262. Avhandlingen presenterar resultat inom två områden. Det första området, del A, redovisar, (i) en analys av utmaningar inom arkitekturutveckling för autonoma fordon, vilket också ger en motivering för resterande del av avhandlingen. Det andra området, del B, redovisar, (ii) en definition av en ”perspektivmodell” (en s.k. ”viewpoint” enligt ISO 42010) för funktionssäkerhet, (iii) en metod för att systematiskt utvinna information från existerande komponenter, och (iv) en process som tar fram en arbetsprodukt för ISO 26262 – Preliminära Arkitektur-Antaganden (PAA). Denna process använder sig av information från existerande komponenter – resultat (iii) och förenklar hantering av avsaknad/osäker information under arkitekturarbetet. Resultaten från del B utgör tillsammans en metodik för att ta fram en PAA. En utmaning i forskning är att finna en balans mellan idealisering och praktisk tillämpbarhet. Metodiken i del B har utvärderats i flertalet industriella fallstudier på Scania i samverkan med seniora arkitekter från industrin, och har av dessa bedömts som relevant och praktiskt tillämpningsbar. Erfarenheterna visar att metodiken stödjer framtagandet av PAA’s av lämplig kvalitet och ger ett systematiskt sätt att hantera osäkerhet under arkitekturutvecklingen. Specifikt så gjorde metoden det möjligt att identifiera komponent-felmoder där arkitekturen inte var tillräcklig för åstadkomma önskad riskreducering, begränsningar som inte hade upptäckts med tidigare metoder. Ett prototypverktyg för att stödja metodiken har utvecklats och börjat användas på Scania i projekt relaterade till autonoma fordon. Metodiken kommer sannolikt att kunna förfinas ytterligare när dessa projekt går mot sitt slut och mer erfarenheter finns tillgängliga. Arbetet i del B har vidare lett till två patentansökningar avseende koncept som framkommit genom fallstudierna. Dessa koncept relaterar till referensarkitekturer som utökats med policies för personsäkerhet (Eng. ”safety”) för att hantera detekterbara felfall, och pekar ut en riktning för framtida forskning. För att stödja verifiering av dessa koncept har arbete inletts för att identifiera kritiska scenarios för autonom körning. En flexibel simuleringsplattform håller också på att designas för att kunna testa kritiska scenarios.<br>Vinnova-FFI funded Project ARCHER
2
Wallskog, Pappas Alexis. "Migration of Legacy Applications to the Cloud- A Review on Methodology and Tools for Migration to the Cloud." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-96673.
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Many organizations have legacy applications and strive to modernise them in order to react on changes and adapt to the new environment, the cloud. The enticements are quite a few but the risks are lurking as well. How to migrate a legacy application to the cloud is an unanswered question for many organizations. We look at how research has answered this question and the methods and tools they provide. The research partially answers the question of migration of legacy application to the cloud. The methods and tools are still quite granular, not that automated and is very dependent of what type of legacy application and the aim of the end result is.
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Meissner, Roy, and Marcus Kastner. "A mapping approach for configuration management tools to close the gap between two worlds and to regain trust: Or how to convert from docker to legacy tools (and vice versa)." Gesellschaft für Informatik, 2017. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A32065.
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In this paper we present the tool 'DockerConverter', an approach and a software to map a Docker configuration to various matured systems and also to reverse engineer any available Docker image in order to increase the confidence (or trust) into it. We show why a mapping approach is more promising than constructing a Domain Specific Language and why we chose a Docker image instead of the Dockerfile as the source model. Our overall goal is to enable Semantic Web research projects and especially Linked Data enterprise services to be better integrated into enterprise applications and companies.
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BRITO, Kellyton dos Santos. "LIFT: A Legacy InFormation retrieval Tool." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2007. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2644.
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Previous issue date: 2007<br>Atualmente, as empresas continuamente alteram suas práticas e seus
processos a fim de permanecerem competitivas em seus negócios. Visto que os
sistemas de informação não são mais tratados apenas como items adicionais,
mas sim como parte do próprio negócio, eles devem acompanhar e dar suporte à
dinâmica das empresas. Porém, a manutenção ou evolução dos sistemas ainda é
um desafio, em especial quando se trata do entendimento dos sistemas legados,
geralmente mal documentados.
Nesse cenário, a engenharia reversa pode ser uma maneira de organizar o
entendimento e a recuperação de conhecimento dos sistemas legados. Entrento,
apesar da existencia de alguns processos, métodos e ferramentas para apoio às
atividades de engenharia reversa, algumas tarefas ainda são difíceis de serem
reproduzidas no contexto industrial. Dentre elas, pode-se destacar a pouca
existência e uso de ferramentas que automatizem as atividades da engenharia
reversa, além de pouca evidência empírica da sua utilidade.
Portanto, este trabalho apresenta os requisitos, a arquitetura e a
implementação de uma ferramenta de engenharia reversa. Os requisitos da
ferramenta foram baseados em um amplo estudo sobre as áreas de reengenharia
e engenharia reversa, cobrindo tanto experiências acadêmicas quanto
industriais. Além disso, são apresentados e discutidos os resultados de um
estudo de caso em que a ferramenta é aplicada em um projeto industrial, cujo
objetivo foi a engenharia reversa de uma aplicação de 210KLOC, desenvolvida
em NATURAL/ADABAS, de uma instituição financeira
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Marburger, André. "Reverse engineering of complex legacy telecommunication systems : [problem domain, concepts, solutions, and tool support] /." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014186048&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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COUTO, RODNEI SILVA. "A META-TOOL FOR GENERATING DIAGRAMS USED IN THE REVERSE ENGINEERING OF LEGACY SYSTEMS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14920@1.
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A recuperação da documentação relativa à estrutura de um sistema legado
visa apoiar o seu entendimento e sua manutenção. Com base em diagramas que
descrevem a estrutura do sistema tal como implementado, facilita-se entender o
sistema e analisar o impacto de pedidos de mudança. Este trabalho apresenta
uma metaferramenta que utiliza metadados para a sua instanciação visando
representações específicas. Para avaliar a metaferramenta e o processo de
engenharia reversa por ela apoiado foi conduzido um estudo experimental
visando a recuperação dos modelos de um sistema legado implementado em
PL/SQL.<br>The recovery of the documentation of the structure of a legacy system
aims at supporting its understanding and maintenance. Based on diagrams that
describe the structure of the system as it was implemented, it is easier to
understand the system and analyze the impact changes may have. This
dissertation introduces a meta-tool that uses metadata for its instantiation aiming
at specific representations. An experimental study on the recovery of models of a
legacy system implemented in PL/SQL was conducted to enable the evaluation of
the meta-tool and the reverse engineering process that it supports.
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Daskalopulu, Aspassia-Kaliopi. "Logic-based tools for the analysis and representation of legal contracts." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312171.
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Reitz, Janina. "A legal perspective on sustainability tools : Sustainability criteria in public procurement." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-177552.
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Pinto, Ronaldo Batista [UNESP]. "O Ministério Público na defesa da probidade administrativa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89887.
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pinto_rb_me_fran.pdf: 557286 bytes, checksum: 389647902ec92013edd520285907a103 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>Várias questões contidas na Lei de Improbidade Administrativa são ainda palpitantes, convidando à meditação a seu respeito, já que se trata de ferramenta jurídica imprescindível na construção de um Estado Democrático de Direito. A atuação do Ministério Público, por vezes tida como abusiva, mas, quase sempre, elogiada pela sociedade, é tema que merece especial reflexão. Assim também a natureza jurídica da responsabilidade por ato de improbidade e a diversidade de sanções que enseja. Ou, no campo processual civil, os instrumento legais colocados à disposição do autor da ação e mesmo a recente discussão a respeito do chamado foro privilegiado. São todas questões palpitantes, que exigem maior reflexão e cujo trabalho pretendeu enfrentá-las.<br>Several questions comprised in the Administrative Improbity Law are still palpitating, inviting us to meditate on them, as it is an indispensable judicial tool in the building of a Democratic State of Law. The Public Ministry performance, considered sometimes abusive, but most of the time praised by the society, is a theme that deserves some special reflection. As well as the judicial nature of the responsibility for an improbity act and the diversity of punishments it enables. Or, in the civil processual law, the legal tools that are at the author of the action disposal and even the recent discussion about the so-called privileged forum. They are all palpitating questions that demand more reflection on them and which work intended to face them.
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Amadasi, Alberto <1985>. "Forensic tools for the diagnosis of death due to electrocution: a comprehensive and multidisciplinary study." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9639/3/Thesis_PhD_Amadasi.pdf.
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In the daily practice of the forensic pathologist, electrocution may represent a difficult diagnosis. The study was performed on the autopsies carried out in Berlin, Germany, over a 12-year period. A total of 54 cases were found. Each case was studied with the analysis of the autopsy protocol as well as the documentation provided by the police. When present, post-mortem CT analysis and the results of toxicology
and histology examinations have been also considered.
The results of the study showed the importance of a team approach, in which all the steps are crucial and must be taken with the utmost discipline and caution. The analysis of the scene is fundamental and allows many elements of investigation to be obtained regarding the
type of electricity (low / high), type of event and points of
possible contact between the victim and the current flow. The autopsy is the following crucial step and strictly required. Every particular element of the external examination must be adequately described and documented, with particular attention given not only to marks on the skin, but also to other elements that can provide indications, such as the presence of petechiae, the internal examination of the cadaver for evidence of underlying natural diseases, such
as cardiovascular conditions. All further investigations are also fundamental: post-mortem CT for
recognition and characterization of lesions and pathological alterations, toxicological tests to
evaluate possible causes or contributing causes of death as well as the abilities of the subject
at the moment of contact with electricity.
The extensive study carried out as part of this research represents a valuable element of analysis and constructiveness for forensic pathology.
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Neckles, Leander. "The effectiveness of the race and disability public sector equality duties as positive legal duties and legal accountability tools." Thesis, Edge Hill University, 2015. http://repository.edgehill.ac.uk/6978/.
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The modern public sector equality duties (PSEDs) have been described as positive duties, ground-breaking and transformative. Described in these terms because the pseds partly addressed limitations in anti-discrimination laws by placing designated public bodies, and others exercising public functions, under a legal obligation to proactively consider various equality aims. The duties were introduced in England, Scotland and Wales between 2001 and 2011. This thesis investigates the Race Equality Duty, the Disability Equality Duty and related provisions in the Public Sector Equality Duty. It provides an interdisciplinary, socio-legal analysis of these pseds by investigating two interrelated research questions: 1) Have the race and disability equality duties been effective positive legal duties and legal public accountability tools? 2) Does Scheingold’s theory of the Politics of Rights add to our understanding of the constraints on the potential impact of positive legal duties in advancing equality? This study makes a unique contribution to the literature by analysing: the justiciability of the pseds and their effectiveness as legal tools to hold public bodies to account; the outcomes of substantive race and disability public sector equality duties (pseds) judicial review judgments; and the significance of the roles played by cause lawyers, community activism and legal empowerment in extending the race and disability pseds’ reach and impact. The unique contribution made to the literature is augmented by the inclusion in this thesis of a socio-political analysis of the impact on these pseds of major changes in the UK’s anti-discrimination framework, equality laws and developments in relation to immigration, community cohesion, integration and austerity over the last fifty years.
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Castro, Carvalho André. "New Prospects for the Legal Qualification of Tolls in Brazil." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118743.
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El autor parte del contexto histórico para discutir el tema de la recolección de peajes en Brasil realizadas por lasempresas concesionarias de vías en dicho país. Igualmente, complementando su estudio, se encarga de realizarla jurisprudencia de la materia.
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Naujokat, Stefan [Verfasser], Bernhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Steffen, Axel [Gutachter] Legay, and Jakob [Gutachter] Rehof. "Heavy meta : Model-driven domain-specific generation of generative domain-specific modeling tools / Stefan Naujokat ; Gutachter: Axel Legay, Jakob Rehof ; Betreuer: Bernhard Steffen." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139170805/34.
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Pinto, Ronaldo Batista. "O Ministério Público na defesa da probidade administrativa /." Franca : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/89887.
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Orientador: Sérgio Roxo da Fonseca<br>Banca: Aloysio Augusto de Campos Netto<br>Banca: Marcos Simão Figueiras<br>Resumo: Várias questões contidas na Lei de Improbidade Administrativa são ainda palpitantes, convidando à meditação a seu respeito, já que se trata de ferramenta jurídica imprescindível na construção de um Estado Democrático de Direito. A atuação do Ministério Público, por vezes tida como abusiva, mas, quase sempre, elogiada pela sociedade, é tema que merece especial reflexão. Assim também a natureza jurídica da responsabilidade por ato de improbidade e a diversidade de sanções que enseja. Ou, no campo processual civil, os instrumento legais colocados à disposição do autor da ação e mesmo a recente discussão a respeito do chamado foro privilegiado. São todas questões palpitantes, que exigem maior reflexão e cujo trabalho pretendeu enfrentá-las.<br>Abstract: Several questions comprised in the Administrative Improbity Law are still palpitating, inviting us to meditate on them, as it is an indispensable judicial tool in the building of a Democratic State of Law. The Public Ministry performance, considered sometimes abusive, but most of the time praised by the society, is a theme that deserves some special reflection. As well as the judicial nature of the responsibility for an improbity act and the diversity of punishments it enables. Or, in the civil processual law, the legal tools that are at the author of the action disposal and even the recent discussion about the so-called privileged forum. They are all palpitating questions that demand more reflection on them and which work intended to face them.<br>Mestre
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Lai, Yuen-yee, and 黎婉兒. "The effectiveness of building management ordinance (Cap.344) as a legal tool for building management." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45009284.
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Lai, Yuen-yee. "The effectiveness of building management ordinance (Cap.344) as a legal tool for building management /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40697587.
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Brabazon, Honor. "'The master's tools' : Bolivia's landless peasant movement, the international legal turn, and the possibilities and perils of law-based resistance to neoliberalism." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fc7d8e1c-be62-4013-b206-96fe9360e5e4.
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A perennial question amongst social movement strategists is to what extent movements can use the tools of the system they are struggling against in their efforts to change that system. Whilst this debate traditionally distinguishes between two camps – radical and reformist approaches – this thesis investigates one movement that breaks this mould. The thesis uses the example of Bolivia's Landless Peasants' Movement (MST) to intervene into renewed theoretical discussion about the possibilities and perils for such movements of using the legal system in the pursuit of systemic social change. Through its tactic of land occupation, the MST breaks the law by occupying unused land on large estates, whilst also invoking other laws stipulating that unused land must be redistributed to those who will work it. The thesis situates the MST's approach to law in the context of an intensified process of juridification in the neoliberal period, through which the logic and language of law increasingly have come to structure political debate and dissent, creating particular pressures for radical movements to engage with the law. Yet it also suggests that movements like the MST have developed subversive ways of engaging the law in response. By examining the MST's tactic as it interacts with this broader context of intensified juridification, the thesis clarifies and nuances the theoretical discussion by identifying how the particular conditions of political mobilisation in the neoliberal period bear on this theoretical debate. Moreover, by examining specifically how this movement's approach to law is differentiated from traditional radical and reformist approaches, and from other attempts to combine the two, the thesis reveals further potential options for radical movements seeking to engage the law. The thesis ultimately suggests that the transformative potential of law may not lie in employing the content of individual laws but in strategic manipulations of the contradictions inherent in the liberal legal form.
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Moreira, Iris Cristina de Oliveira Ricardo Domingos. "A introdução de mecanismos de competição e o quadro legal básico do Sistema Nacional de Saúde português : a perspectiva hospitalar." Master's thesis, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública. Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/5788.
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RESUMO - O presente trabalho de projecto visa analisar a introdução de mecanismos de competição do ponto de
vista do quadro legal básico – Constituição e Lei de Bases da Saúde – que enforma o sistema de saúde
português e principalmente, o seu impacte ao nível do meio hospitalar. Pretende-se aferir se a
implementação de ferramentas de mercado no meio em apreço encontra previsão naqueles diplomas
legais, sendo por isso, permissivos quanto ao seu desenvolvimento ou se, por outro lado, o nosso
enquadramento legal se revela hostil ao seu desenvolvimento.
O estudo foi desenvolvido com recurso, essencialmente, à pesquisa e revisão bibliográficas que serão
transversais aos capítulos que compõem o enquadramento conceptual, à hermenêutica para efeitos de
aplicação à temática da descrição do quadro legal básico e à análise das hipóteses de trabalho
apresentadas.
Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que, via de regra, o quadro legal básico do sistema de saúde
português é permissivo à introdução de mecanismos de competição, encontrando mesmo, alguns deles,
eco legal em disposições datadas de final da década de ’60. Este grau de permissividade tanto é
comprovável através de estatuições que directamente prevêem determinada ferramenta, como através da
ausência de previsão que no nosso ordenamento jurídico, não é sinónimo de proibição. ----------------------------------ABSTRACT - This essay analyses the existing relation between the introduction of competition tools in the Portuguese
health care system and its basic legal framework – the Constitution and the Health Bases Law –
particularly from the hospital’s point of view. We aim to assess if the use and implementation of those tools
are permissible by law or if, on the other hand, our legal system is hostile towards that introduction.
Preferably we used bibliographical research in almost every chapter and hermeneutics allowed us to
perform a detailed analysis of the basic legal framework.
We conclude that, most of the times, the Portuguese basic legal framework is permissible to the use of
such tools and some of the legislative acts date from the late sixties. That can be encompassed by
existing or non-existing statutes – since in our legal system what is not specifically foreseen is not,
necessarily forbidden.
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Culqui, Fernandez Angela, and Torres Adela González. "Telework: An Innovative Form of Work Organization, a Labor Inclusion Tool and its Legal Regulation in Peru." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117981.
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This article is about the telework, which is an atypical form of work organization, characterized by the use of the information and communication technologies, and the performing of the activities outside the workplace. This type of work can be used as a tool for the inclusion of people into the labor market and the reconciliation between work and family time. Also, we carry out a review and analysis of the current regulations on the subject in Peru.<br>El presente artículo trata acerca del teletrabajo, el cual es una forma atípica de la organización del trabajo, caracterizado por el uso de las tecnología de la comunicación e información, y por realizar la prestación laboral fuera del centro de trabajo, cuya implementación pueda ser aprovechada como una herramienta de inclusión laboral y de conciliación de la vida personal y laboral. Asimismo, realizamos un repaso y análisis de la regulación existente sobre el particular en el Perú.
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Bregagio, Lazarte Renata, and Caycho Renato Constantino. "Legal instruments, policy tools: a look at the impact of the judgments of the Inter- American Court of Human Rights in Latin American constitutions." Politai, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/91843.
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The current research tries to recognize how the Inter-American Court of Human Rightscan influence in the legal and constitutional reforms in Latin American countries. It tries to understand what elements are required for those reforms to happen. It is stated that it requires human rights movements with knowledge of the Inter-American system and a favorable State context of at least one branch of the State. Finally, it was found that, in the cases studied, thecontext determines whether what the Inter-American Court says is applied or not.<br>La presente investigación apunta a conocer la manera en la que la Corte Interamericana deDerechos Humanos afecta reformas jurídicas y constitucionales en los países latinoamericanos. Se busca comprender qué elementos son importantes para que se presenten las reformas. Además, se plantea que, para que estas reformas se lleven a cabo, es requerida la conjunción de movimientos con conocimiento del sistema interamericano y un contexto estatal favorable en al menos una de las ramas tradicionales del Estado. Finalmente, se encontró que, en los casos reseñados, el contexto suele ser determinante para la aplicación de lo señalado por la Corte Interamericana.
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Zamberlan, Andrea <1993>. "Legal tools for the resolution of corporate crisis: the contribution of the attested plan and agreement with creditors in the Seat Pagine Gialle case." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10655.
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L'elaborato si propone di analizzare l'impiego del piano attestato di risanamento e del concordato preventivo nella risoluzione della crisi di Seat Pagine Gialle. Nel primo capitolo viene fornito un quadro degli strumenti giuridici previsti dalla legge fallimentare italiana per la risoluzione delle crisi aziendali tramite procedure stragiudiziali e giudiziali, privilegiando l'ottica della continuità aziendale anziché del fallimento. Particolare attenzione viene data al piano attestato di risanamento ed al concordato preventivo, strumenti impiegati nel caso di Seat Pagine Gialle. Vengono poste inoltre quattro domande connesse con la natura di questi due strumenti giuridici e con la loro capacità di essere realmente utili alla risoluzione della crisi. A tali domande verrà data risposta durante la trattazione del caso di Seat. L'elaborato procede dunque presentando la compagnia in questione, analizzando gli aspetti chiave del Leveraged Buyout del 2003 e gli altri fattori che hanno concorso a determinare la crisi aziendale. Sono infine trattati dettagliatamente gli interventi effettuati tramite piano attestato di risanamento e concordato preventivo con continuità aziendale. Mentre il primo non ha garantito i risultati sperati, il secondo si è rivelato invece adeguato alla risoluzione della crisi. In questa ultima parte trovano inoltre risposta le domande formulate circa le caratteristiche dei due strumenti legali.
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Jupp, John. "Legal transplants as tools for the reform of Afghanistan's criminal law framework : an evaluation of the Interim Criminal Procedure Code 2004 and the Counter Narcotics Law 2005." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/39232/.
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The criminal law frameworks of countries that have been the subject of international peacekeeping operations and military interventions often reveal an urgent requirement for reform. Destabilised by conflict, existing frameworks may be discriminatory and inconsistent with international human rights and due process standards. New law may be imperative to promote the development of fair and effective justice systems, rule of law and transitions from conflict to peace. While the transplantation of readily-available law can be an appealing solution a fundamental concern for legislators is whether it represents a reasonable and effective mechanism for developing vital post-intervention criminal law reform. This thesis addresses this issue by examining the Interim Criminal Procedure Code 2004 and the Counter Narcotics Law 2005, two laws developed by legal transplantation in Afghanistan, the most recent example of a country where the international community is engaged in post-intervention criminal law reform. It does this by firstly developing a new evaluative test developed from an examination of theoretical perspectives on transplant feasibility. It then applies this test using quantitative data supported by original qualitative research from interviews with senior Afghan and international legal personnel. It finds that neither law has been successful. Their transplanted content and the processes of transplantation have reduced the extent to which they have been accepted and achieved their objectives and have increased their potential to be ‘lethal' transplants capable of promoting injustices, generating destabilising discontent and moderating rule of law promotion. This study questions the assumption that it should always be reasonable to develop post-intervention criminal law by means of legal transplantation. The reasonableness of relying on legal transplantation will depend on the sensitivity with which it is employed, requiring knowledge of legal transplant feasibility, local history and legal traditions and the prior application of the proposed evaluative test to assess potential receptivity.
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Aigbomian, Häll Sara. "Gendered law as a tool to approach intimate partner violence : A socio-legal study of the Swedish Social Services Act in practice." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179528.
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Головкова, А. Ю., та A. Yu Golovkova. "Формирование маркетингового инструментария управления отношениями с потребителями на рынке юридических услуг : магистерская диссертация". Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/98046.
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В работе предложено научное обоснование теоретических положений и разработаны практические рекомендации по формированию маркетингового инструментария управления отношениями с потребителями на рынке юридических услуг.<br>Thе dissertation proposes а scientific substantiation of the theoretical provisions and development practical recommendations for formation of marketing tools for managing customer relations in the legal services market.
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Mapunda, Angelo Mtitu. "Legal regulation of prices in Tanzania : an examination of the Regulation of Prices Act 1973 as a tool of social change and development." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1987. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3846/.
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Drawing mainly from the Tazanian experience this study attempts to review the principal issues in the legal regulation of prices, by identifying both the general and specific importance of law in this respect. The position I shall present is that legal control is both necessary and desirable for the welfare and social development of the people. The key issue is whether the market-place will perform its function satisfactory: Will it produce socially desirable results? If it will not, why will it not? And will legal regulation help to do the job a little better? In an attempt to answer some of these questions, first of all, outline the basic issues raised by the study in the first Chapter. Then I examine the general case for price controls - the theory about the controls, the motives and reasons for their imposition and the manner in which they are effected in different economic systems. This is done in Chapter Two. Relying most on the available literature on the regulatory process, this Chapter also looks at the relationship between law and economic regulation and concludes that the effectiveness of law depends on the existence of a conducive socio-economic environment. In Chapter Three I describe the past record of price control laws in Tanzania. I conclude that despite the failure in the past, the controls still constitute an important policy instrument in the transition to socialism. In Chapters Four and Five I describe the manner in which the current regulations are implemented and the problems encountered. I conclude that the operational performance of the controls is constrained by internal and external influences on the economic and political life of the country. In the concluding Chapter I assess the impact of the controls: Do the controls work? Do people buy goods at the controlled prices? Why today the controls are almost popularly accepted as worthwhile? I conclude that while there may be no measurable economic gains derived by consumers, the controls have a stabilising effect on the social and political front. In the final section I argue that the future success of the legislation depends on creating a correspondence between the economic structures and the control system. What makes the controls ineffective is not so much defects in the law but the contradictions between the orientation of and functioning of the economic system and the ideological commitment.
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Rimawi, Luany A. L. "Legal aspects of Arab securities regulation with particular reference to disclosure as a tool of investor protection when offering/listing shares in Jordan." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415715.
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Gomez, Wichtendahl Carla C. "Biodiversity Offsets in a Public Lands Context: A Romantic Concept or a Practical Tool to Balance Economic Development and Biodiversity Conservation Goals?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37090.
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Economic development through the exploitation of natural resources has led to biodiversity loss among other environmental issues around the world. The use of biodiversity offsets to balance economic development and biodiversity conservation goals has significantly increased during the last three decades. A recent report of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) released in December of 2016 identified at least 56 countries with laws or policies requiring the use of these types of instruments worldwide. There are over 100 biodiversity offset programs operating in countries such as United States of America, France, New Zealand, Mexico, Australia and others, which are injecting over 3 USD billion per year into the world’s economy.
Experiences of different jurisdictions indicate that biodiversity offsets can become a promising tool in addressing the biodiversity loss issue in their territories. Canada and some of its provinces such as Alberta and British Columbia, which have important oil and gas sectors, and are home to important wildlife species, have been part of the biodiversity offsets debate, and have been exploring their use.
This research derives from the observation that although some of the international biodiversity offset experiences have been vastly studied, there is little experience analyzing the legal challenges of implementing biodiversity offset systems, including biodiversity banks (a type of biodiversity offset that creates biodiversity markets) on public lands.
The very nature of public land, where multiple users may simultaneously access the land and conduct a variety of potentially incompatible activities, can create extra legal challenges with respect to the implementation of biodiversity offsets.
Through an Alberta-focused case study, the thesis explores the characteristics that a planning and legal framework of a province with a majority of public lands would need to have in order to support the use of biodiversity offsets and a biodiversity banking system. It also identifies and analyzes the legal issues and challenges of implementing long lasting biodiversity offsets in that context.
Under the system studied by this dissertation, the main users of Alberta’s public forests (forest operators and oil and gas developers) become the biodiversity bankers or suppliers, and buyers of biodiversity credits, respectively.
This thesis is therefore a contribution to knowledge about how biodiversity offsets, specifically biodiversity banks, can be applied on provincial public lands, used by multiple users. It focuses on the legal frameworks, property right issues, permanence, and additionality needed for a potential biodiversity banking system for a province such as Alberta.
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Farmer, Timothy Paul. "An investigation of the Royal Air Force’s World War II chemical weapon legacy sites in the United Kingdom : the development of a spatial hazard assessment tool & a novel screening method for detecting mustard gas breakdown products using dogs." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.659207.
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The RAF has been undertaking Land Quality Assessments across the retained estate. As part of this study the author has been interested in the environmental hazard posed by disposal to land by burial and or burning of the Royal Air Force's WWII (World War 2) Chemical Weapons (CW) stockpile. The investigation describes a Hazard Rating strategy to address the potential contamination. The development of a novel method of screening sites using dogs is also described. The study charts the development of chemical weapons for use by the RAF and looked at the production and distribution of these weapons from factories to stations. Mustard gas was the major chemical weapon agent adopted by the United Kingdom government during this period. The 65 Ib Light Casing (LC) bomb was deemed to be one of the most potentially successful weapons in the CW arsenal. As of 1 April 1945 the total number of 65 Ib LC bombs manufactured for use in Northwest Europe was 389,937 of which 388,800 were available for use by the RAF and 1,137 were transferred to the USAAF. The study describes the problems of leakage especially with the Mk 1 variant and its associated Mk 1 wooden crate. It is highly likely that leaking weapons were buried on RAF sites and that by the end of the war a considerable quantity of mustard gas agent has potentially leaked into the ground. Mustard gas is likely to remain on stations. American weapons, distribution and potential storage sites have also been discussed.
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Chapon, Sandrine. "Fiction à substrat professionnel télévisuel comme voie d'accès à l'enseignement/apprentissage de l'anglais juridique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAL002/document.
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Cette thèse en anglais de spécialité s'inscrit dans le champ de la recherche en didactique de l'anglais juridique. Elle a pour objet d'observer si les séries judiciaires télévisuelles américaines contemporaines peuvent être une représentation fidèle de la procédure accusatoire en vigueur aux Etats-Unis. La première partie présente notre cadre théorique et méthodologique. Elle s'ouvre sur une réflexion concernant le champ de l'anglais juridique et les supports pédagogiques à la disposition des enseignants de cette spécialité. Dans la deuxième partie, nous analysons en quoi les séries contemporaines sont des illustrations fidèles de la procédure et au discours spécialisé. Dans notre troisième partie, nous observons en quoi les séries judiciaires peuvent être un support motivant pour l'apprentissage de l'anglais juridique<br>This dissertation focuses on the field of English for Special Purposes (ESP). It aims at analysing whether contemporary american TV series are reliable sources of information for the teaching of legal English to French law students. Part 1 presents the theoretical and methodological framework of this research. It begins with a reflexion on the definition of legal English and a presentation of all the documents that teachers can use in order to illustrate the common law system. Part 2 focuses on the analysis of specialised content and discourse that one may find in TV series. Part 3 is dedicated to exploring the use of TV series in class from a motivational perspective. Finally we provide several teaching scenarios which imply the use of TV series in order to teach legal English
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Mohobo, Tankiso John. "A critical analysis of the role of the permitting system as a legal tool for preventing and controlling water pollution by proposed hydraulic fracturing in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4485.
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Schapiro, Mario Gomes. "Novos parâmetros para a intervenção do Estado na economia: persistência e dinâmica da atuação do BNDES em uma economia baseada no conhecimento." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2133/tde-19022010-152023/.
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O objetivo desta tese é analisar os novos caminhos da intervenção direta do Estado na economia, notadamente no ambiente financeiro nacional, em que prevalece a atuação de um banco público de desenvolvimento - O BNDES. O trabalho parte do pressuposto de que há uma variedade de alternativas institucionais de organização financeira, que refletem as trajetórias históricas dos países. É por esta razão que se pode identificar, por exemplo, diferenças entre o modelo norte-americano e o modelo nipo-germanico: enquanto o primeiro é baseado nas operações do mercado de capitais, o segundo conta com os investidores institucionais e com os bancos. A partir daí, pode-se igualmente reconhecer que a alternativa institucional constitutiva do sistema financeiro nacional conta com os agentes estatais: os seus principais atores financeiros. Destes todos, o BNDES é o exemplo mais significativo. Diante disso, uma vez caracterizado que a intervenção direta do Estado, também chamada no trabalho de regulação institucional, é o elemento característico do modelo brasileiro de desenvolvimento, a tese procurar mostrar que esta ação pública tem sofrido alterações, em um contexto recente. Em razão de um novo paradigma econômico, a economia baseada no conhecimento, pode-se reconhecer modificações na forma de atuação do agente estatal. Um estudo de caso revela que não só o financiamento das inovações passou a assumir um caráter relevante na agenda do BNDES, como, principalmente, esta atividade esteve associada a uma nova racionalidade de intervenção. Diante da nova economia, o Banco atua em convergência com os demais agentes financeiros e com isso assume um papel de indutor tanto das empresas emergentes, como do próprio de mercado de capital de risco. Esta constatação aponta para dois atributos que compõem, então, esta nova rodada da regulação direta da economia: a persistência e a dinâmica. A persistência porque apesar das modificações advin advindas de uma economia baseada no conhecimento, o Estado e, em especial o BNDES, continua a desempenhar um papel chave no financiamento do desenvolvimento brasileiro, particularmente em áreas não consolidadas e portadoras de futuro, como, ora, são as inovações. A dinâmica porque esta prevalência do agente estatal no financiamento corporativo assenta-se em novas ferramentas e assume uma distinta racionalidade, compatível com uma economia privatizada e aberta à concorrência internacional. É, pois, disso que trata esta tese: da regulação institucional de um banco de desenvolvimento em uma economia baseada no conhecimento.<br>The objective of this dissertation is to examine the new ways of direct State intervention in the economy, especially in the domestic financial environment, which has a prevailing public bank for development - the BNDES. The work is based on the assumption that there are a variety of alternatives to institutional financial organization, which reflect the historical trajectories of the countries. It is for this reason that we can identify, for example, differences between the U.S. model and the Japanese-German model: while the former is based on the operations of the capital market, the latter deals with institutional investors and the banks. Hence, we can also recognize that the alternative institutional constituent of the national financial system takes into account state agents, their main financial players. Of them all, the BNDES is the most significant example. Thus, once established the direct intervention of the state, also called institutional regulation, as the main feature of the Brazilian model of development, the dissertation examines the changes it recently underwent. Because of a new economic paradigm, the knowledge based economy, there have been changes in the way state acts in economy. A case study shows that not only that the financing of innovation has become paramount within the BNDES agenda, but also this activity has been associated with a new rationale for intervention. Facing this new economy, the Bank operates in convergence with other financial agents, thus taking a role in inducing both emerging companies and venture capital. This finding points to two attributes that make up, thus, this new stage of direct regulation of the economy: persistence and dynamics. Persistence because despite changes resulting from a knowledge based economy, the state and, in particular the BNDES, continues to play a key role in the financing of Brazilian development, particularly in non¬consolidated and future bearing areas, as innovations. Dynamics, because the prevalence of the state agent in corporate finance is based on new tools and takes a different rationale, consistent with a privatized economy, open to international competition. That is, therefore, with the core issue of the present dissertation: the institutional regulation of a development bank within a knowledge-based economy.
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Pienaar, Alecia. "Coastal management lines as a key tool to promote integrated coastal management : a comparative review of South Africa's emerging legal framework with that of selected Euro-Mediterranean countries." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20777.
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The coastal zone represents an endemic ecosystem of geomorphic complexity, characterised by its dynamic state of transition and increasing sensitivity. It is widely acknowledged that the environmental complexities and distinctiveness of this area is an attribute matched only be its attractiveness for human settlement and resource utilisation. Viewed through an environmental lens, the proliferation of urban coastal development is, however, diminishing coastal resilience to an extent that is both unsustainable and injudicious. In this context, proper management of the coastal zone necessitates the application of integrated land use planning mechanisms responsive not only to the ecological dynamics of a land-sea interface, but also to the increasing pressures of human use and development activities. This dissertation identified set-back lines or coastal management lines (CMLs) as a regulatory mechanism that essentially conforms to such criterion. South Africa is currently experimenting with implementing the provisions in the National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal Management Act 24 of 2008 (NEMICMA), which provides for CMLs as a key tool for promoting integrated coastal management. The aim of this dissertation was to critically review the domestic legal framework and experience to date in implementing this scheme. Owing to the novelty of CMLs in the South African jurisdiction, a reference point or legal backdrop was necessary to critically evaluate the peculiarities and potential of the NEMICMA framework. For this reason, this dissertation undertook a critical and comparative study on the regulation of CMLs in both South Africa and selected Euro- Mediterranean states, namely France, Spain and Greece.
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Zdechovan, Ján. "Monitorovanie činností zamestnancov – praktiky a používané nástroje." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-204873.
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This thesis discusses surveillance in the work environment. The topic is too extensive, that´s the reason its focus is mainly on electronic employee monitoring. The basic concepts are explained in the beginning of the thesis, which is subsequently followed by a simple survey oriented on the opinions on employee surveillance. The center of this thesis is an analysis of legal, technical and ethical aspects, which also reviews different monitoring practices. Identified practices are used for defining monitoring possible scenarios. The contribution of this work is the evaluation of employee monitoring practices and establishing a ranking of monitoring tools that can serve as a decision making tool for organizations. This thesis uses not only theoretical knowledge from literature, but also incoporates comments and opinions from experts.
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Nguemdom, Ruth Carelle. "Etude critique des outils juridiques des investissements économiques en Afrique : analyse des politiques économiques et fiscales." Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D003.
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Plus de cinquante années après les indépendances, les outils juridiques des investissements économiques n'ont pas permis d'atteindre les objectifs en faveur du développement économique et social en Afrique. Ces outils sont constitués de l'ensemble des dispositifs juridiques et administratifs permettant la gestion et la promotion des investissements économiques. Ce sont des instruments de politique économique et fiscale que l'Etat doit utiliser pour permettre la réalisation de ses objectifs. Jusqu'à ce jour, ces politiques n'ont pas permis de faire émerger des instruments adaptés aux priorités nationales et de permettre le développement économique et social par le biais des investissements économiques. En effet, au regard des indicateurs de développement, le continent apparaît en dernière position. Malgré son potentiel naturel sans égal, le continent africain peine à trouver sa place dans la mondialisation car, d'innombrables difficultés et faiblesses entachent l'efficacité desdits outils, avec un impact plus grand en Afrique Subsaharienne que dans le reste des Etats du continent. Ces défaillances découlent tant du dispositif juridique en lui-même que de l'environnement général des affaires qui englobent le contexte économique, financier, politique et social. Si des efforts sont constatés dans de nombreux pays du continent africain, dans l'ensemble, beaucoup reste à faire pour permettre aux outils de jouer leur rôle et accroître la compétitivité économique de ce continent. Toutefois, les Etats peuvent réussir à transformer cet échec grâce à une politique économique et fiscale intelligente. Ceci doit prendre appui non seulement sur des Institutions de pilotage des investissements, mais également sur un dispositif juridique national et international plus harmonieux afin de propulser Je développement économique et social par le biais des investissements économiques<br>More than fifty years after independence, the legal tools of economic investments have failed to achieve the objectives for economic and social development. These tools consist of all legal and administrative arrangements for the management and promotion of economic investments. These are economic and fiscal policy instruments that the State must use to enable the achievement of its objectives. To date, these policies have not led to the emergence of instruments tailored to national priorities and enable an economic and social development through economic investments. Indeed, in terms of development indicators, the continent is death last. Despite its unparalleled natural potential, the continent is struggling to find its place in globalization because innumerable difficulties and shortcomings blemish the effectiveness of such tools, with a greater impact in Sub-Saharan Africa than in the rest of the states of the continent. These failures result from both the legal device itself as the general business environment encompassing the economic, financial, political and social. If efforts are seen in many countries of the continent, one should say that much more need to be done in order to enable the tools to play their role and enhance the economic competitiveness of the continent. Nevertheless, States will succeed in transforming this failure through an intelligent economic and fiscal policy. This must be based not only on investments steering Institutions, but also a more harmonious national and international legal mechanism to propel the economic and social development through economic investments
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Boughriet, Nora. "Essai sur un paradigme d'alliance constructive entre droit et médecine : L'accès du médecin à la connaissance juridique." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844513.
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L'émergence de discours sur la judiciarisation et la juridicisation de la médecine atteste de la place croissante du droit, appréhendée telle une contrainte par le médecin. D'abord, si l'encadrement juridique de l'activité médicale est nécessaire, le foisonnement de règles juridiques est assimilé à une ingérence. Ensuite, si l'application du principe de responsabilité à la médecine est indiscutable, le médecin entrevoit le procès comme une épée de Damoclès. Nous avons pu établir que le recours aux modes alternatifs de règlement des conflits et l'usage de procédés pédagogiques constituent des voies possibles de guérison. Elles demeurent toutefois insuffisantes puisqu'elles ne permettent pas de se détacher définitivement d'une vision contraignante du droit. En effet, l'ignorance du médecin en cette matière ne lui permet pas d'entrevoir le droit autrement que sous un angle coercitif. Le droit ne représente qu'une portion congrue de la formation initiale et continue alors même qu'il est devenu incontournable dans l'exercice médical. Pour résoudre cette contradiction, nous nous sommes attachés à rechercher un paradigme d'alliance constructive entre droit et médecine. Nous avons défini une forme d'accès du corps médical à la connaissance juridique. Le médecin doit bénéficier d'une formation juridique adaptée à son exercice. La création d'un Pôle médecine et droit doit faciliter l'accès du médecin au droit par la mise à disposition d'outils pédagogiques. Le droit est alors envisagé comme une ressource dans l'action du médecin.
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Thomas, Trevor Lloyd. "Legal aspects of international tax planning for sportspeople and entertainers : a critical examination from a UK perspective, with comparative analysis from a US perspective, of the degree to which offshore financial centres can provide effective tools for international tax planning for sportspeople and entertainers." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343196.
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Qureshi, Shazia. "Socio-legal appraisal of unequal power relations and the role as a tool to address the problem of violence against wives and honour related crimes in Pakistan : a gendered approach to the violation of women's human rights." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.602346.
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Costa, Rodrigo de Campos. "Formas de enfrentamento à criminalidade organizada." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5647.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-09<br>The purpose of this paper is to analyse Criminal Law in relation to the fight against organized crime. The evolution of Criminal Law was outlined, starting with the main penal schools and also with the dogmatic lines of thought, from Causalism to Functionalism. Considering the legal interest as Criminal Law's main objective, parameters based on constitutional values were established for its definition. The analysis of the legal interest was double folded, having been classified as being of both individual and universal nature, thus enabling the defence of the constitutionality of crimes of abstract danger. The warrants of criminalization, whose fundamentals oblige the infra-constitutional legislator to protect the legal interest elected by the Constitution, were object of analysis. As for organized crime, its evolution as a social and legal phenomenon was analysed, focusing on the history of Brazilian legislation, from the Imperial Penal Code to today's Law 9.034/95. The analysis of the concept of organized crime was based on the concept taken from the Palermo Convention, more open and permissive, so as not to restrict legislation on the account of the effects of the advance of globalization. Thus, in order to establish the concept of organized crime, its characteristics were identified insisting on the need for legal definition. The investigation tools of the Law 9.034/95 were also analysed, following legitimizing arguments. Lastly, the Enemy's Criminal Law and the Right to Safety were analysed as ways to interpret and provide justification for legislations both from penal as well as processual order in the fight against organized crime. From the research done, we conclude for the interpretation of the Right to Safety as a fundamental right, in its objective acception, based on imperatives of tutelage. The collision between constitutional principles must be solved through the application of the principle of proportionality<br>O objetivo do presente trabalho consiste na análise do Direito Penal, no que diz
respeito ao enfrentamento da criminalidade organizada. Foi delineada evolução do
Direito Penal, com início nas principais escolas penais e também através das linhas
do pensamento dogmático, do causalismo ao funcionalismo. Com norte no bem
jurídico, como finalidade do Direito Penal, foram estabelecidos parâmetros para sua
definição, ancorado nos valores constitucionais. O bem jurídico foi cindido em sua
análise, sendo classificado como de natureza individual e universal, classificação
essa que permitiu defender a constitucionalidade dos crimes de perigo abstrato.
Foram objeto de análise os mandados de criminalização, cuja fundamentação,
obriga o legislador infraconstitucional à proteção do bem eleito pela Constituição.
Quanto ao crime organizado, foi analisada sua evolução enquanto fenômeno social
e jurídico. Foi objeto de análise a história da legislação brasileira, desde o Código
Penal do Império até a atual Lei 9.034/95. Na análise do conceito do crime
organizado, levou-se em consideração o conceito previsto pela Convenção de
Palermo, mais aberto e permissivo, de modo a não engessar a legislação, devido
aos efeitos do avanço da globalização, de modo que para estabelecer o conceito
foram identificadas suas características, firmando ainda posicionamento pela
necessidade de definição legal. Os instrumentos de investigação da Lei 9.034/95
também foram analisados, firmando-se por argumentos legitimadores. Por fim, foram
analisados o Direito Penal do Inimigo e o Direito à Segurança, como formas de se
interpretar e fundamentar legislações tanto de ordem penal como processual no
enfrentamento à criminalidade organizada. Pela pesquisa feita, posicionamo-nos no
sentido de interpretar o Direito à Segurança, como um direito fundamental, na
acepção objetiva, com base nos imperativos de tutela. A colisão de princípios
constitucionais deve ser sanada através da aplicação do princípio da
proporcionalidade
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REGO, FILHO Marco Tulio do Nascimento. "Interfaces da gestão integrada de recursos hídricos - estudo de caso: o baixo curso do Rio Paraíba e sua zona costeira." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2014. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/432.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02<br>Capes<br>A Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos, Lei n° 9.433/97, e o Plano Nacional de
Gerenciamento Costeiro, Lei n° 7.661/88 e Decreto Federal n° 5.300/04, estabelecem
entre suas diretrizes a necessidade de integração da gestão de recursos hídricos com o
gerenciamento costeiro. Diante disso, o Conselho Nacional de Recursos Hídricos criou
a Câmara Técnica de Integração da Gestão de Bacias Hidrográficas e dos Sistemas
Estuarinos e Zona Costeira, que objetiva analisar e propor mecanismos de integração
das mencionadas políticas, visando a minimização ou solução de conflitos de uso de
recursos hídricos em ambiente costeiro. A inerente complexidade da interação entre as
bacias hidrográficas e zonas costeiras e os múltiplos usos da água a montante da zona
costeira da bacia, que reduzem a afluência e, consequentemente, a disponibilidade de
água doce na região costeira, além de poderem provocar alterações no leito dos rios na
faixa costeira devido a deposição de sedimentos bem como alterações na flora e fauna
dessas regiões, tornam prementes estudos que contemplem estas interações. Como
estudo de caso, foi escolhida a Região do Baixo Curso da bacia hidrográfica do rio
Paraíba, em função de conflitos relacionados aos múltiplos usos da água, bem como
alterações no leito do rio. Objetiva-se compor um diagnóstico situacional que subsidie
ações para minimizar ou solucionar os conflitos existentes, face a aplicação integrada
dos vários instrumentos de gestão. Com uma abordagem qualitativa baseada no método
dedutivo, utilizando-se da pesquisa bibliográfico-documental como base exploratória,
faz-se uma análise das interfaces legais e institucionais, destacando as articulações
operacionais possíveis entre os instrumentos de planejamento e gestão. A análise de
compatibilidade, entre os instrumentos de gestão da PNRH e do PNGC, demonstra que
a articulação é possível. Recomenda-se ao setor competente do estado da Paraíba, a
elaboração do Plano de Gestão da Zona Costeira e o Zoneamento Ecológico-Econômico
Costeiro, articulados com o Plano Estadual de Recursos Hídricos e o Plano da Bacia
Hidrográfica do rio Paraíba. A partir deste, o Comitê da Bacia e a Comissão de
Gerenciamento Costeiro deverão articular ações, visando a conservação e a resolução de
conflitos derivados dos múltiplos usos da água. Conclui-se que o processo de integração
entre a gestão de recursos hídricos e o gerenciamento da zona costeira envolve a
descentralização do poder de gestão, a participação da sociedade civil e usuários, e a
harmonização e inter-relação dos instrumentos da gestão de recursos hídricos com o do
gerenciamento costeiro, bem como depende de uma coordenação entre os níveis federal,
estadual e municipal, e que cada qual tem interesse e formas de contribuir para essa
integração.<br>The National Water Resources Policy, Law 9.433/97, the National Coastal Management
Plan, Law 7.661/88 and Federal Decree 5.300/04, establish, among their guidelines, the
need for integration of water management with coastal management. Thus, the National
Water Resources Council established the Technical Chamber of Integration of the
Watershed Management and Estuarine and Coastal Zone Systems, which aims to
analyze and propose mechanisms for the integration of the above policies, aimed at
minimizing or solving conflicts of water resources use in the coastal environment. The
inherent complexity of the interaction between watersheds and coastal areas and the
multiple uses of water from upstream of the coastal zone of the basin, which reduce the
rivers flow and, consequently, the availability of fresh water in the coastal region, may
cause changes in the rivers bed of the coastal zone due to sediment deposition as well as
changes in the flora and fauna of these regions demand continuous studies that address
these interactions. As a case study, it was chosen the region of the lower course of the
Paraiba river basin in reason of the water conflicts from the multiple uses of water as
well as changes in the river bed. The objective is to compose a situational diagnosis to
subsidize actions to minimize or solve the existent conflicts, given the application of
different management and integrated tools. With a qualitative approach based on
deductive method, utilizing the bibliographic and documentary research as an
exploratory basis, an analysis of the legal and institutional interfaces is made,
highlighting the possible operational links between the instruments of planning and
management. The analysis of compatibility between management tools of the PNRH
and PNGC, demonstrates that the linking between them is possible. It is recommended
to the competent sector of the Paraíba state to provide the preparation of a Management
Plan Coastal Zone and Coastal Ecological - Economic Zoning, articulated with the State
Water Resources Plan and Plan Basin of the Paraíba River. From this, the committee of
the Paraíba river basin and Coastal Management Commission shall coordinate actions in
order to preserve the environment and provide the solution of conflicts arising from the
multiple uses of water. It is concluded that process of integration between water
management and coastal zone management involves the decentralization of power
management, the participation of civil society and users, and the harmonization and
inter-relationship of the components of water resources management with the coastal
management and depends on coordination between federal, state and municipal levels,
and each one has its own particular interests and ways to contribute to this integration.
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Cheng, Hsiu-Li, and 鄭秀麗. "A tool for Integrating legacy systems and WWW through." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43188585716253203730.
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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>資訊管理系<br>91<br>As the Internet technology prevails, the challenge to information technology practitioners becomes greater than ever before. Most MIS departments still must maintain the legacy application systems as well as develop new applications in internet/intranet/extranet platform. So they must search for solutions to integrate legacy systems with the Internet environment under limited manpower and cost。
Although Internet technology matures, most managers at MIS department still hope to hold their legacy systems in the old but stable environment. Therefore, to decrease the risk for integration, one of the solutions is to exchange the data from the legacy system to these new Internet systems. This thesis employs the knowledge of data reverse engineering techniques and XML technology to develop a tool for integrating the legacy system and WWW, thereby decreasing the risk in system integration。
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Yao, Cheng-Chi, and 姚政岐. "X2R: A tool for transform legacy data to RDF format." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18148733010104771662.
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碩士<br>國立清華大學<br>資訊工程學系<br>104<br>X2R is a tool for translating data in legacy formats to linked data in RDF format. By observing, the conversion processes are challenging and time consuming for many developers in general. Pre-processing of the input data is typically necessary in order to capture the semantics of the input data and make the data conform to the conventions of the selected translator. If a novice developer decided to skip this step and to use the default settings. As a result, this RDF file produced automatically often contain temporary URIs generated by the translator. The file may also have blank nodes. Clearly, one cannot search for these types of nodes. Their presence in a file hinders the discovery of the content of the file. For this reason, we refer to them as bad nodes. To improve the quality of the RDF file produced by post-processing. We present X2R to help the developer who is not familiar with RDF format and related techniques. X2R performs the replacement of bad nodes minted by translators with reusable URIs found in popular endpoints and internal ontology by supporting URI searching and URI replacing functionalities.
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Wu, Chia-Cheng, and 吳珈澂. "An SDN Traceroute Tool for Hybrid Networks with SDN and Legacy Switches." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69212030501298461715.
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碩士<br>國立交通大學<br>網路工程研究所<br>105<br>Traceroute is a very useful troubleshooting tool. It reveals the routing path taken by a packet destined to a remote host. Traceroute is originally designed for the legacy IP network. However, the mechanism used by it no longer works in an SDN network. In an SDN network, there has been a similar tool called SDN traceroute that provides similar functions as traceroute. However, SDN traceroute does not work on the legacy IP network. Nowadays, hybrid networks composed of both legacy and SDN switches are expected to exist for several years. For such a hybrid network, we design and implement a tool called hybridtrace that can reveal the routing path taken by a packet that needs to traverse multiple legacy networks and SDN networks to reach its destination. In this thesis, we present the design and implementation of our tool, show the troubleshooting information provided by it, and discuss its future improvements.
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Huei, Liew Siew, and 劉秀慧. "CloudGuide: a Tool to Help Users Estimate Cloud Deployment Cost for Legacy Network Applications." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/24693051574485756421.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>資訊工程學研究所<br>100<br>With cloud business gowning, many companies are joining the market to be a cloud service provider. Most providers offer similar services with slightly different charging models, and very little known performance comparison between them is published. This leaves cloud service users with the puzzle of guessing what cost they will need to pay to run their legacy application in a cloud environment.
CloudGuide is a tool suite that provides user an estimated cost of running a legacy application with QoS guarantee on different cloud providers. CloudGuide predicts the cloud computing resources required by a targeted application based on queuing model, meanwhile estimates monetary deployment cost for the application. CloudGuide also allows the user to explore cloud configuration can guarantee different levels of QoS. In our evaluation, we conducted experiments of a multi-tiered network application, RUBiS, and showed that CloudGuide can choose cloud configuration that guarantee QoS and provide cost estimation.
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Agard, Yvane. "Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices For Forensic Sciences: Development And Validation Of Innovative Tools." Doctoral thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1073906.
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Laboratory analyses usually require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. However, very often, the use of simplified procedures and techniques in various working conditions can prove useful in solving several problems. Forensic applications represent an emblematic example of this requirement to simplify and solve various difficulties. Legal medicine requires both highly sophisticated techniques to solve analytical problems and simple techniques with fast procedures that allow analyses to be carried out outside the laboratory, in remote areas by unqualified personnel. The implementation of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (PADs) for legal medicine presents an opportunity to tackle all the aforementioned limitations and requirements in the field of forensic science. It is also important to note that little to no sample preparation is required, with the ability to use many samples directly onto the PADs for the analysis of the desired analyte. PADs are very inexpensive to produce and can
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Agard, Yvane. "Paper-based Microfluidic Devices for Forensic Sciences: Development and Validation of Innovative Tools." Doctoral thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/1073810.
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Laboratory analyses usually require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. However, very often, the use of simplified procedures and techniques in various working conditions can prove useful in solving several problems. Forensic applications represent an emblematic example of this requirement to simplify and solve various difficulties. Legal medicine requires both highly sophisticated techniques to solve analytical problems and simple techniques with fast procedures that allow analyses to be carried out outside the laboratory, in remote areas by unqualified personnel. The implementation of paper-based microfluidic analytical devices (PADs) for legal medicine presents an opportunity to tackle all the aforementioned limitations and requirements in the field of forensic science. It is also important to note that little to no sample preparation is required, with the ability to use many samples directly onto the PADs for the analysis of the desired analyte. PADs are very inexpensive to produce and can be produced in resource deficient and remote areas. They are rapid, require minute sample volumes, are easy to use and do not require skilled technicians. The use of PADs for various forensic science applications has been well investigated by many research groups with several other areas to explore [1] . To date, a wide range of drugs can be identified and/or quantified by PADs. These include but not limited to, illicit drugs such as amphetamines, cocaine, morphine and codeine as well as the identification of substandard drugs, which usually occur when the amounts of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are altered in pharmaceutical drugs, in antibiotics and in herbal supplements which are not heavily regulated[2-5] .These devices have also been used for forensic serology, in the evaluation of gunshot residue and in the ground-breaking application of the estimated time of death by establishing the post-mortem interval, experiments which can all be performed at the scene of the crime [6-8]. In 2020, an innovative development in the implementation of PADs in forensic science was achieved as Azuaje-Haulde et al developed a device with the ability to identify the Y human amelogenin gene, identifying male from female human specimen [9]. PADs have also shown utility in the identification of agents of warfare like explosives and chemical warfare agents like nerve agents, which can be instrumental for military intelligence and defence whose aim is to acquire intel before, to protect civilians and after, to identify the components and if they are linked to a specific group or organization [10, 11]. Based on the application of these devices in other forensic contexts, the core of my research was the implementation of PADs in forensic science aspects which required point-of-need platforms to be more beneficial to doctors, forensic scientists and investigators. This PhD thesis involves: • The use of microfluidic devices to determine the estimated time since death. • The development of a paper-based microfluidic device as a preliminary screening test for drugs of abuse in urine. Additionally, as part of my research period abroad, an emphasis was placed on exploring different fabrication methods to create devices that were resistant to more chemically aggressive assays. The final project discussed is: • The development of a paper-based microfluidic device capable of conducting Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) for the detection of carbapenemases.
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Ho, Tai-Jung, and 何岱榮. "A Practical legal study on the Investigation of Online Child Sexual Exploitation: with Special Reference to the Detecting tools." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53039611477076354018.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>法律學系碩士在職專班<br>105<br>According to the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Constitution of the Republic of China, the State has the responsibility to build a sound and healthy, environment for the children. Nevertheless, the rise of the internet in the 1990s has brought about a threat to the development of child. The Internet allows everyone, including minors, to retrieve all kinds of information and communicate with the outside world. Crimes against children, especially by the paedophilia, have become an epidemic. To combat the offenders, the State utilizes different tools in the process of investigation. This thesis is an attempt to study the nature and functions of these tools. Focus is also placed on the analysis of the Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act of Taiwan which provides the legal basis for punishing the offenders. It is concluded that there are rooms for improvement in both the legislation as well as the law enforcement. International cooperation is the key to the success of fighting online child sexual exploitation.
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Su, Yi-Hsuan, and 蘇怡瑄. "A Study on the Applicability of Legal, Economic and Fiscal and Taxation Tools for Low-Carbon and Sustainable Homeland Initiative." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hr89h3.
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碩士<br>國立臺北科技大學<br>環境工程與管理研究所<br>106<br>This research focuses on the action plans of law, economic and financial tools for low-carbon and sustainable homeland. All kinds of regulatory tools and incentives and domestic and foreign documents were collected, these related tools and other incentives applied by the action plans in the operation system were studied, and some recommendations were drafted for those who gets interest in.
20 action plans were studied and analyzed in order to draft the recommendations when promoting these action plans by applying Four-Quadrant Analysis, focusing on how human behavior shift constructs low-carbon and sustainable society, and also explaining the available and feasible strategies and tools that each action plan could apply for in each quadrant, which has been more in line with actual needs. The study provides counseling and low carbon transformation actions as incentives, and also as reference for promoting low-carbon and sustainable homeland both in central and local governments.
Analyzing from the results, the majority of action plans’ promotion are project subsidies or provision of case reward incentives - for the publics (or organizations) to decide to participate with consciousness, which are the mainstream tools for all units to promote low-carbon sustainable construction measures. Some actions are combined with credit (low-interest) loans to provide incentives for investment deduction and encourage people or businesses to participate. The main reason is that the amount of investment in carbon reduction equipment or replacement will be greater, and incentives are needed to encourage private sectors to invest in expanding the scale of carbon reduction and their benefits. Local governments will also collaborate with legal norms or autonomy regulations to construct various action items.
The conclusion of this study considers that under the current system, feasible reference suggestions for law, economic and financial-related policy tools are included in current actions. Follow-up researchers can continuously update the law, economic and financial tools and available resources that can be used by central and local governments in various action plans, in order to ensure that the collection of resources and tools is up-to-date.
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Patch, Tom W. "Equal in theory : an assessment of anti-discrimination statutes as equality tools for people with disabilities." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/16657.
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In recent years, the enforcement of Canadian human rights statutes has been the subject of
much criticism. That criticism comes not only from organizations that are required to change
their practices to comply with the statutes, but from advocates who question the effectiveness
of human rights enforcement. Studies which attempt to address these criticisms generally
review the criticisms and then seek to modify the enforcement models to ameliorate the
problems which have generated the criticism. This thesis considers the problem from a more
theoretical perspective. With a focus on disability, this thesis considers whether Canadian
anti-discrimination statutes, which were created when the prevailing theory of equality was a
formal one, are capable of achieving substantive equality as it is now conceived.
Applying a disability rights perspective, substantive equality for people with disabilities
requires that a wide and complex variety of barriers be removed. These barriers may result
from intended or unintended discrimination. They may be physical or attitudinal. They may
be isolated, individual acts or they may reflect widespread societal norms. To eliminate such
an array of barriers, anti-discrimination statutes must include a range of powers and
procedures: they must incorporate provisions that protect people with disabilities from such
barriers; they must provide mechanisms to identify the barriers; there must be mechanisms to
determine whether the barriers contravene the protected right; and the statutes must provide
effective remedies.
This thesis concludes that contemporary human rights enforcement models are capable of
effectively addressing many individual barriers to equality for people with disabilities.
However, under a complaint-based model, human rights agencies cannot effectively address
barriers that result from the operation of widespread norms. Canadian human rights agencies
are therefore limited in their ability to achieve the societal transformation that is necessary to
achieve substantive equality for people with disabilities. For such equality to be realized,
anti-discrimination statutes must be seen as just one facet of a much broader approach.<br>Law, Peter A. Allard School of<br>Graduate
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Brinks, Daniel M. "Legal tolls and the rule of law the judicial response to police killings in South America /." 2004. http://etd.nd.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04142004-155007/.
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Vydržel, Jan. "Právní prostředky ochrany osobnosti fyzické osoby v občanském právu." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313146.
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The thesis deals with legal tools for the protection of personal rights of an individual in civil law. The aim of diploma thesis is to show how important the protection of personal rights in our modern day society is, to analyse available instruments for the protection of general right to personality in civil law and to evaluate these instruments of protection as well as their ability to provide effective protection. The thesis is composed of Nine chapters in 78 pages of text. Chapter One deals with the introduction to the subject of the thesis and tries to capture the reader's focus, and also sets the theme of the thesis. Chapter Two explains the concept of general right to personality and its defining features along with its historical development. It is also focused on defining its place among other kinds of rights in our national legal system. The third chapter deals with legal guarantees of protection of personality on both the national and the international levels (based upon international treaties). It consists of three parts. The first part deals with constitutional law. Part Two describes international treaties which protect general right to personality. The third part deals with national statutes which define personality rights and legal instruments for their protection. Chapter Four is...