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Yang, Fan. "A Discourse on discours : Habermas, Foucault and the Political/Legal Discourses in China." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DENS0016/document.
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Les questions d’adaptabilité de la démocratie occidentale dans le contexte chinois ont toujours été une préoccupation importante. Cette recherche vise à étudier l’adaptabilité de la démocratie délibérative dans le contexte de la chine en termes de perspective normative. Tout d’abord, on s’est concentré sur la Théorie de discussion de droit et démocratie de Habermas, parce que c’est une des théories normatives de délibération démocratique les plus discutées en Chine aujourd’hui. Compte-tenu de la normativité et de l’idéalité de la théorie de Habermas, la théorie du discours des relations de pouvoir de Foucault est introduite pour illustrer la tension entre différentes théories de discours occidentaux. Puis, afin d’enquêter sur les adaptabilités de ces deux théories du discours dans le contexte chinois et d’équilibrer la tension entre les deux, un autre concept normatif, la rationalité confucéenne, est attirée sur des sources culturelles traditionnelles chinoises. En conséquence, trois dimensions de la théorie du discours, ainsi que les relations entre eux, sont présentés. Certaines descriptions empiriques sur les faits de la Chine historique et politique sont également nécessaires d’utilisation pour expliquer, compléter ou interroger ce cadre théorique. Deux perspectives de tension sont toujours critiques dans toute la recherche : la tension entre universalité et particularité et la tension entre les théories normatives et des faits socio-politiques. Grâce à l’approche des études de texte, ainsi que des études de conception et d’études empirique comme suppléments, la recherche est menée comme suit. Le premier chapitre traite de la tension entre la théorie du discours du droit et de la démocratie de Habermas et les faits sociaux. Le chapitre 2 analyse la tension entre la théorie du discours de Habermas et la théorie du discours de Foucault et plaide en faveur de la remise en question des problèmes de tension. Le troisième chapitre tente de rechercher les ressources dans les cultures politiques traditionnelles chinoises et de proposer une autre théorie normative de discours, la théorie du discours de la rationalité confucéenne, pour équilibrer la tension entre les deux précédentes théories normatives de discours. On fait valoir que le type idéal de rationalité confucéenne (un type normatif de rationalité de valeur) peut être utilisé comme un pont de communication entre les deux théories du discours opposées. Le chapitre 4, par des descriptions empiriques sur l’espace publique et les discussions politiques/juridiques dans la société traditionnelles chinoise, explique la théorie normative proposée au chapitre 3 et tente de réexaminer et de redéfinir les notions d’« espace publique » dans le contexte de la Chine traditionnelle. Enfin, le chapitre 5 se concentre sur les descriptions des discussions politiques et juridiques dans l’espace publique des nouveaux médias de la Chine d’aujourd’hui. C’est une réponse empirique pour toutes les études normatives antérieures, et aussi une enquête sur la tension entre les théories normatives et les expériences sociales. Je soutiens que, en raison des différentes structures cognitives et les différents modes de pensée dans les différentes cultures, il devrait y avoir différents paradigmes normatifs de la démocratie du discours dans les différents contextes culturels, et que la normativité et la réalité sont les deux faces d’une même médaille. Les théories normatives du discours sont des guides pour les pratiques de la démocratie délibérative et les pratiques de la démocratie délibératives peuvent vérifier, compléter ou améliorer les théories normatives du discours. Outre la démonstration des dimensions plurielles de théories du discours, une autre intention pratique de cette thèse est de plaider pour une approche de la démocratie délibérative, qui serait à la fois chinoise et moderneThe adaptability issues of Western democracy in the context of China have always been an important academic concern. This research was intended to study the adaptability of deliberative democracy in the Chinese context in terms of a normative perspective. At the beginning, this research focused on Habermas‘s Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy, because it is one of the most discussed normative deliberative democratic theories in China today. Taking into consideration the normativity and ideality of Habermas‘s theory, Foucault‘s discourse theory of power relations is then introduced to illustrate the tensions between different Western discourse theories. In order to investigate the adaptabilities of these two discourse theories in the Chinese context, and to balance the tension between them, another normative concept, namely the Confucian Rationality, is then drawn upon from traditional Chinese cultural sources. Accordingly, these three dimensions of discourse theory, as well as the relations between them, are presented. The employment of some empirical descriptions of certain Chinese historical-political facts is also necessary to explain, to supplement, or to question this theoretic framework. Two tension perspectives are critical throughout the research: the tension between universality and particularity, and the tension between normative theories and social-political facts.Through the approaches of textual studies, aided by conceptual and empirical studies as complements, the research is conducted as following: Chapter 1 discusses the tension between Habermas‘s normative discourse theory of law and democracy and social facts; Chapter 2 analyzes the tension between Habermas‘s discourse theory and Foucault‘s discourse theory of power relations, and proposes to rethink the tension problems. Chapter 3 tries to search for the resources in traditional Chinese political cultures, and to put forward another normative discourse theory- the discourse theory of Confucian rationality- to balance the tension between the foregoing two normative discourse theories. It is argued that an ideal type of Confucian rationality (a kind of normative value rationality) can be used as a bridge between the two opposite discourse theories. Chapter 4 further explains the normative theory that was proposed in Chapter 3, and tries to reexamine and redefine the concepts of ―Public Sphere‖ and ―Deliberative Politics in the context of traditional China through empirical descriptions on the ―Public Sphere‖ and political/legal discussions in traditional Chinese society. Finally,Chapter 5 focuses on the descriptions of the political and legal discussions in China's new media public sphere today. It is an empirical response to all the normative studies mentioned above, and at the same time an investigation on the tensions between the normative theories and the social experiences. We argue that, because of the different cognitive structures and diverse modes of thinking in specific cultures, there should be different normative paradigms of discourse democracy in corresponding cultural contexts. Normativity and reality are the two sides of the same coin. Normative discourse theories serve as the guidance for the practices of deliberative democracy, which can, in its turn, verify, supplement, improve and challenge the normative discourse theories. Apart from demonstrating of the multiple dimensions of discourse theories, another practical intent of this thesis is to promote an approach leading to discourse democracy that would combine elements of both Chinese and modern, consistent with both the fundamental predilections of Chinese civilization, and the practical needs of a modern China
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Lovell, Christine. "Legal discourse on rape /." Title page, contents and synopsis only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phl899.pdf.
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Fernandes, Helen Eugenie. "Gender and responsibility in Athenian legal discourse." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/284044.
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The focus of this inquiry is the representation of women in Athenian legal texts and the relationship between gender and responsibility at Athens, centring on forensic oratory and including a discussion of the wider Athenian cultural discourse on gender and politics with a primary emphasis on the analogous public institution of tragedy. My objective is to map the disjunction between imputations of agency and responsibility to women in forensic texts and the actual legal capacities of Athenian women. My interpretative strategy aims to qualify previous positivist or gender-blind approaches to the study of 'women's history' and 'law' and is predicated on a double premise: firstly, that there existed at Athens a gendered analogy between citizenship and access to privileged fora for public speech; secondly, that in a legal discourse over which citizens exercised a narrative monopoly the women represented there are a fictive product of the rhetorical imperatives of litigants. Implicit in this hypothesis is the notion that the assignation of 'real' status to these female characters is radically problematic; my contention is that the appeal to female agency in legal narrative draws on fictional and stereotypical models which are informed by and collaborate in the construction of a standard and normative ideology about woman rather than, or at least as much as, an historical, institutional reality. Chapter I investigates the evidence for the presence of women in court. Chapter II examines women prosecuted, focussing on categories of criminal behaviour and of women accused (primary texts: Antiphon I, [Demosthenes] 59). Chapter III considers women said to prosecute in inheritance cases; it includes a discussion of women's property rights and the relationship between financial and legal responsibility. Chapter IV analyses the commonplace literary topos, standard in 'law' as elsewhere, which defines female agency as seduction, centring on the 'Solonic' law.
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Simon-Shoshan, Moshe. "Halachah lema'aseh narrative and legal discourse in the Mishnah /." [Philadelphia PA] : [University of Pennsylvania Libraries], 2005. http://digitool.haifa.ac.il:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=535541&custom_att_2=simple_viewer.
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Lambertini, Andreotti Julia. "Comprehension of legal discourse in interpreter-mediated judicial proceedings." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/397782.
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Als procediments judicials a Califòrnia, les persones que no parlen anglès reben l’ajut d’un intèrpret per a tenir les mateixes oportunitats que aquells que entenen anglès. Aquesta finalitat s’articula en un codi ètic, que també requereix que els intèrprets mantinguin la forma i registre de la llengua de sortida en la llengua d’arribada, i que no intervinguin fins i tot quan sospiten que no s’ha entès el missatge. Aquest intercanvi comunicatiu intercultural involucra oficials judicials que fan servir un registre legal formal; un nadiu de l’espanyol, d’un nivell educatiu i cultura diferent i familiaritzat amb un sistema legal (també diferent); i un intèrpret que s’ha de mantenir tan invisible com sigui possible. Aquest estudi empíric vol determinar i comparar la comprensió del llenguatge legal de registre formal de parlants nadius d’anglès i espanyol, i experimentar amb la simplificació del registre per avaluar els seus efectes en aquesta comprensió. A més a més, aquesta recerca vol compilar dades sobre les opinions dels intèrprets i els seus criteris envers el registre, el canvi de registre, i la intervenció, així com de les opinions dels advocats respecte la intervenció dels intèrprets. En consonància amb el gir sociocultural que ha afectat els Estudis d’Interpretació, aquesta investigació vol incorporar les limitacions educatives, culturals i socials del receptor meta a la interpretació legal moderna a Califòrnia, que encara es guia per principis d’equivalència formal i d’orientació cap a la llengua de sortida. Per tal de tenir en compte aquestes barreres del receptor, s’aplica un enfocament orientat al receptor meta per investigar la instància comunicativa fent servir conceptes de la teoria de l’Skopos i la noció de normes de Toury, dos marcs conceptuals que posen en dubte el paradigma de l’equivalència. La finalitat d’aquesta investigació és recopilar dades que puguin ajudar a una millor comprensió del rol de l’intèrpret i de l’eficàcia comunicativa als procediments judicials amb intèrpret.En los procedimientos judiciales de California, las personas que no hablan inglés reciben asistencia de un intérprete para que estén en igualdad de condiciones que las personas que hablan inglés. Este propósito se establece en un código de ética, que también dispone que el intérprete conserve la forma y el registro de la lengua de partida en la lengua meta, y que no intervenga incluso cuando sospeche que no hay comprensión. Esta comunicación intercultural se establece entre funcionarios judiciales que usan un registro jurídico formal; un hispanohablante que tiene otra cultura, otro nivel de educación, y otro contacto con (otro) sistema judicial; y un intérprete que debe ser lo más invisible que pueda. Esta investigación empírica se propone determinar y comparar la comprensión del lenguaje judicial formal que demuestran los angloparlantes y los hispanohablantes, y experimentar con simplificación del registro para determinar si esta simplificación afecta dicha comprensión. Asimismo, esta investigación se propone obtener información sobre el criterio de los intérpretes en cuanto al registro, la modificación del registro y la intervención, y el modo en que los abogados perciben dicha intervención. Esta investigación se propone incorporar las limitaciones sociales, culturales y educativas del receptor meta en la interpretación judicial actual de California, que aún se guía por principios de equivalencia formal y orientación hacia el texto de partida. Con el fin de considerar las limitaciones del destinatario, se adoptó un enfoque orientado al receptor para investigar esta interacción comunicativa mediante el uso de conceptos de la teoría del skopos y el concepto de normas aplicado por Toury, dos marcos conceptuales que cuestionan el paradigma de la equivalencia. El objetivo de esta investigación es obtener información que ayude a comprender con mayor profundidad la función del intérprete y la eficacia comunicativa de los procedimientos judiciales asistidos por un intérprete.
In California, non-English speakers involved in judicial proceedings are assisted by a language interpreter so that they are placed on an equal footing with those who understand English. This purpose is articulated in a code of ethics, which also requires interpreters to maintain the source form and register in the target language, and to keep silent even when non-comprehension is suspected. This intercultural communicative event involves judicial officers who use a formal register of legal language; a Spanish speaker from a different culture, education level, and exposure to (a different) legal system; and an interpreter who must be as invisible as humanly possible. This empirical research aims to find out and compare English speakers’ and Spanish speakers’ comprehension of high-register legal language, and experiment with register simplification to assess any effects on said comprehension. Additionally, this research aims to collect data on interpreters' views and awareness of register, register variation, and intervention; and on attorneys' views on interpreters' intervention. In keeping with the sociocultural turn that has made itself felt in Interpreting Studies, this research seeks to bring the social, cultural, and educational constraints of the target-language receiver into the equation of modern-day judicial interpreting in California, which is still guided by principles of formal equivalence and source orientedness. In order to account for these target constraints, a target-oriented approach was applied to investigate this communicative event borrowing concepts from skopos theory and Toury’s notion of norms, two conceptual frameworks that challenged the equivalence paradigm. The aim of this research is to collect data that will help gain a better understanding of the interpreter's role and the communicative effectiveness of interpreter-mediated judicial proceedings.
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Trabucco, Zeran Alia. "Outlaws : female murderers in Chile's legal and cultural discourse (1916-2016)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10048413/.
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This dissertation examines iconic murders committed by four Chilean women: Corina Rojas (1916), Rosa Faúndez (1923), Carolina Geel (1955), and Teresa Alfaro (1963). Their crimes not only led to the passing of substantial court judgements, but gave rise to multiple cultural reverberations: novels, poems, short stories, artworks, plays, songs, and films, produced and reproduced throughout an entire century. Based on the discovery and analysis of the four judicial rulings and a close examination of their various cultural echoes, this thesis interrogates the normative power of the representation of violent women. In other words, this dissertation proposes that both legal and cultural representations of female criminals serve as mechanisms to monitor the compliance of gender norms, to punish their transgression, and to prevent further subversions. The study of these four cases and their cultural reverberations allows for a critical examination of enduring feminine archetypes –the witch, the madwoman, the jealous woman, the hysteric, and the femme fatale– which deprive women of agency. Furthermore, this dissertation revisits the history and myth of La Quintrala, key in the construction of Chilean identity, as a figure that influences the fates of this unfinished series of female outlaws. Hybrid and interdisciplinary, this research questions the representation of deviant women from a feminist perspective, and examines female violence as a privileged site to analyse issues of race, class, gender and nationhood in Chile.
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Lim, Chin Leng. "Studies in comparative jurisprudence and analytical philosophy : international law, legal discourse and legal conflicts of political self-determination." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296206.
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Del, Mar Maksymilian. "Jurisprudential inquiries between discourse and tradition : towards the incompleteness of theoretical pictures." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3237.
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This thesis offers an alternative history of theoretical pictures of law and legal work. It argues that these theoretical pictures can be understood as giving primacy to either the explanatory paradigm of discourse on the one hand, or to the explanatory paradigm of tradition on the other. Broadly speaking, discourse-oriented explanations of law and legal work tend to focus on the nature, function and status of normative requirements themselves. Tradition-oriented explanations, on the other hand, tend to focus on the long-term acquisition and transmission, in specific contexts, of common ways of seeing and doing. The first part of the thesis is composed of five sections. The first four are dedicated to revealing the basic features of the above-mentioned explanatory orientations, i.e., law-as-discourse (IA1), legal-work-as-discourse (IA2), law-astradition (IB1), and legal-work-as-tradition (IB2). The fifth section (IC) uses these basic features to read five distinct works in legal theory as oscillating between the two explanatory paradigms. The second part of the thesis argues that to the extent that we recognise that jurisprudential inquiries are oriented towards either the explanatory paradigm of discourse or that of tradition, we are on our way to recognising the incompleteness of theoretical pictures of law and legal work. This second part offers three further arguments, which are designed to encourage the adoption of an attitude that acknowledges the incompleteness of the results of one’s inquiries. First, it is shown that truth can be the aim of an inquiry, but that this is not incompatible with incompleteness understood from the first person post factum perspective (IIA). Second, it is argued that the results of one’s inquiry are not complete because an inquiry only ever appears complete to one when (and only when) one does not problematise its central terms (IIB). Third, and finally, it is argued that the highly intensive mode of self-reflection engaged in by theorists practicing the examined life may lead to certain limitations in the construction of theoretical pictures (IIC).
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Cavallari, Jason Robert. "Upcast Eyes: Medico-Legal Discourse, Spectacle, and Deviance in France, 1870-1914." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/989.
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Thesis advisor: Paul BreinesThis dissertation attempts to problematize the question of agency in disciplinary societies by examining the symbolic importance in fin-de-siècle French culture of the abject deviants who were the target of medico-legal discourse in the Third Republic. In particular, I develop three main propositions. First, I am making a broad anthropological claim that the power implicitly given to deviants to establish boundaries between normality and abnormality paradoxically enabled them to shift borders of cleanliness and pollution in public discourse. Whereas others have argued that borderline deviants are powerless in their abjection, I propose the opposite: by giving deviants the power to shape the order of the Third Republic, medico-legal authorities unwittingly gave them precisely that -- enormous power. Second, I contend that this power largely took shape within the context of the rise of consumer society and urban spectacle. Spectacularization and widespread accessibility to information engendered a populace capable of suspicion, resistance, and resignification. Others have interpreted the spectacularization of narratives of deviance as being foisted upon passive consumers lacking intellectual agency and therefore accepting these narratives as the standards for bourgeois behavior. I suggest instead that spectacularization provided the precondition of possibility for the invention of a resistant and even potentially revolutionary populace. Third and finally, I make the claim that those who are seen are also capable of seeing, and hence, of questioning, negotiating, and redefining. Others, particularly those influenced by the work of Michel Foucault, have argued that "the public" was a docile, passive crowd, stripped of agency, helplessly accepting of ideas of republican virtue embodied by medico-legal discourses of deviance and the clinical gaze. In particular, the paradigm of the "panopticon" has perhaps overly influenced notions of bourgeois society. In the panoptic society, being self-conscious of always being (hypothetically) seen, actors police themselves to the point of inaction. I contend that this position assumes the desirability of a "correct" form of behavior to which all others must conform. Therefore, I argue for a very different conception of bourgeois society. If we look not to the panopticon, but rather to venues of spectacularization and consumer culture, we will see that, contrary to the marginalization implied by the panoptic model, deviance was celebrated as a symbol of freedom and release from the deterministic medico-legal gaze and helped to create multiple competing "scopic regimes." As a result, the consumer culture of the grands boulevards was not a sterile, depoliticized world of uncritical engagement defined by passive observation and consumption of spectacle and commodity, but rather a culture that celebrated spectacle as a venue for re-infusing the public sphere with social and political ambiguity against the rigid boundaries erected by the medico-legal discourses of the Third Republic
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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Peshkov, Kira. "Le discours juridique en russe et en français : une approche typologique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3073.
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L'objectif de la recherche est l'étude comparative du discours juridique en russe et en français. Celle-ci inclut la précision des genres du discours juridique dans les deux langues, la détermination des particularités structurelles et sémantiques des termes et des collocations des deux langues, les particularités de leur fonctionnement dans les genres de discours différents ainsi que les particularités de leur traduction liées à ces deux facteurs. Nous abordons les genres de discours juridique suivants : normatif, juridictionnel, doctrinal et le discours des traités. L'existence de ce dernier comme genre distinct représente une des hypothèses de notre travail. Les genres de discours juridiques en russe et en français ont des traits communs à cause de leurs caractéristiques pragmatiques et communicationnelles imposées par le droit. Ils ont également des différences dues aux systèmes socio-culturels et linguistiques respectifs. Les problématiques suivantes sont analysées : le terme et le concept juridique dans le discours, les processus de la simplification de la structure formelle du terme juridique dans le discours et en particulier l'abréviation juridique, les relations de la synonymie et de l'antonymie dans le discours juridique et les collocations juridiques. Cette recherche apporte une contribution à l'enseignement de la langue juridique et à la pratique professionnelle de la traduction juridique français-russeThe purpose of this research is the comparative study of Russian and French legal terminology which tries to give a more precise definition of the types of legal discourse in both languages. This study will attempt to determine the structural and semantic specificities of the terms and collocations in both languages, the specific aspects of their functioning in different genres of discourse and the specific requirements for their translation connected to these two factors. We are dealing with the following genres of the legal discourse: normative discourse, jurisdictional discourse, doctrinal discourse and discourse of treaties. The existence of the latter as a self-standing genre constitutes the hypothesis of this thesis. The typologies of French and Russian discourse genres have similar features because of their pragmatic and communicational characteristics imposed by the law system. The differences between the typologies are due to socio-cultural and linguistic factors. The rest of the work addresses the following issues: legal term and concept in discourse, process of simplification of the formal structure of the legal term in discourse, and more specifically legal abbreviations, antonymic and synonymic relations in legal discourse and in legal collocations. This research aims at improving legal language teaching and professional practice of French-Russian legal translation
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Marshment, Alice Mayen. "A state of one's own, self-determination and the legal discourse of identity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63084.pdf.
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Kanyongolo, Ngeyi Ruth. "Social security and women in Malawi : a legal discourse on solidarity of care." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1152/.
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Increasing levels of poverty and social exclusion in Africa, and Malawi in particular, have heightened interest in social security with varying proposals for refonn. Feminist scholarship highlights how women experience social security differently. However, debates on refonn have not fully engaged with how social security can reflect the needs of women in a context of plural and competing legal discourses, nonns and values. This thesis investigates the interplay between nonns and values and the lived realities of women in social security from a feminist and radical legal pluralist perspective. It uses predominantly qualitative data from a case study of women in Zomba, Malawi, based on grounded theory complemented by discourse analysis and appreciative inquiry. This study found that women's specific risks and the disproportionately adverse impact of general risks on women are in the majority of cases marginalised due to struggles for resources and power. Plural social responses at family, community, market and state levels reflect this marginalisation. Dominant legal discourses in these institutions devalue non - material disruptions of life mainly related to care practices. This weakens solidarity and results in social insecurity for the majority of women. The marginalisation is further reinforced by dominant conceptions of umunthu and human rights which obscure the disparities in solidarity and care. At the same time, there is practical resistance to the dominant discourse using idioms of jenda and substantive complementarity being generated within the same or modified regulatory institutions. These practices are creating a gap which IS precipitating the changes aspired by women. The changes include increased access to both material and non-material resources and sharing of care within and between the family, community, market and the state. This reflects solidarity of care. The thesis argues that, social security systems should be underpinned by a legal discourse of solidarity of care in order to improve women's social security.
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El-Farahatry, Ha. "Problems of translating legal discourse with special reference to the United Nations' documents." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3260/.
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This thesis is solely devoted to the study of the problems associated with English-Arabic-English legal translation. With this aim in mind, I will analyse authentic parallel texts of three legal subtypes, international, legislative, and official documents. Parallel texts refer to texts in two or more languages that have the same communicative purpose and render the same message (i.e. UN texts). The study adopts a contrastive model for analyzing and describing some linguistic features on semantic and syntactic levels. In fact, we see that it is not a comprehensive model of comparison since it covers areas of difficulty in translating legal language. The process of comparison falls into two stages, the first of which is descriptive and it identifies the areas of differences between the Arabic and English texts in relation to the elements mentioned earlier. The second stage critically analyses the parallel-translations and techniques used for translating them. At this stage, we will attempt to provide suggestions and solutions for the problematic areas whenever possible. The thesis follows the following sequence: an overview of legal discourse in chapter one; the interface between legal translation and general translation theory in chapter 2; the features of English and Arabic legal discourse in chapter 3; the problems of legal translation in chapter 4; the theoretical framework, method of analysis and the list of documents for data analysis in chapter 5; the data analysis in chapters 6 and 7, and finally the findings and conclusion. This study provides useful conclusions and recommendations to the reader. It reveals the unique nature of legal English in comparison with the hybrid nature of legal Arabic. There are a number of similarities and differences between English and Arabic legal discourse on the semantic, syntactic, and textual levels. The analysis of data shows the diversity of techniques used in rendering the areas of differences, such as the culture-bound and system-based elements, the modal auxiliaries, and the passive.
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Shima, Satomi. "Part-time employment in Britain and Japan : a comparative study of legal discourse." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1997. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/73321/.
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This study analyses the discursive construction of part-time employment and the workers in it in the employmentand legal contexts in Britain and Japan, applying an analytical framework of the law developed from a post-structuralist feminist viewpoint. In doing this, this study contributes to knowledge in the field of legal studies by providing an account of the active role of the law in the area of employment,through the operation of discourse, in shaping and reshaping structural inequality which part-time women employees face in contemporary British and Japanese society. Evidence for this study is collected from statistical data, questionnaires and interviews with managers, interviews with a group of ex-part-time women workers pursuing a legal case and the close reading of legal materials in the two countries. From the examination of these data, two discourses are identified,which circulate in employment and legal institutions in both countries and which help to produce the differentiation between full-time and part-time employees. One discourse emphasises differencesin labour-related factors, such as working hours, job content and commitment, while the other emphasises differences in the gendered characteristics and domestic positions of men and women. I show that the two discourses operate within and across these institutions, constructing part-time employment as different from and inferior to full-time employment on both labour related and gender-related grounds, and legitimisingthe disadvantaged position of part-time employees. This discursive construction has brought about a gendered hierarchy within the law in which the inferior working pattern of part-time employment is gendered as women's, while the superior pattern of full-time employmentis gendered as men's. On the basis of this analysis, I argue that the law is one of the most influential discursive mechanisms which bring about and help to sustain the hierarchical gendering of society, contributing to the production and reproduction of unequal power relations between the sexes and between employers and part-time women employees.
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Lindskog, Anna. "The Invisibility of Economic Violence in Swedish Legal and Gender Equality Policy Discourse." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-173353.
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Kiiskinen, Anna. "Trans sterilization in Finland - Implications of legal gender recognition discourse in Nordic countries." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21468.
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The Finnish legislation on legal gender recognition includes a prerequisite of being infertile. This practice not only differs from the legislation of the other Nordic countries but has also been found to be a violation of articles from human rights conventions. The practice has been found to be incompatible with the picture of Finland as a progressive Nordic country and it indeed creates an inconsistency between the regime of Nordic countries. The aim of the thesis is to analyze this problem from a governmental perspective and to find factors that could explain the difference between these countries. Theories of governmentality and governing gender will be applied in the analysis with the help of discourse analysis. From the perspective of the regime of Nordic countries, it is possible that the legislation in Finland would be developed into the same direction in the following years.
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Fisher, James Matthew. "Representing effective communication and plain language in legal contexts: A critical discourse study." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2020. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/206058/1/James%20Matthew_Fisher_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis explores problems with legal communication as a social problem in which discourse and the shared beliefs of groups play a crucial role. It concludes that plain language is a problematic construct in the law because there are costs of systematically misrepresenting an intention to communicate effectively as the solution to a complex set of social and legal issues. The study generates new practical theory that has potential to transform practice by raising awareness of the extent to which shared beliefs about legal language, plain language and effective legal communication are reconstructed in everyday discourse.
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Wifvesson, Anna. "The Legal Empowerment Paradoxy? : A Critical Exploration of Power Imbalances in the Legal Empowerment Discourse from a Global North/South Perspective." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-403135.
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Legal empowerment as a theoretical and practical concept has gained increasing attention in international development. Due to the shifting aid paradigm, caused by the rising of South-South cooperation, legal empowerment’s proposed bottom-up character has challenged the larger conventional top-down approaches to development that traditionally have dominated the development agenda. Nevertheless, studies examining legal empowerment have failed to analyse whether the concept is produced in a top-down setting and hence omitted possible power imbalances that the discourse might be hiding. By conducting a critical discourse analysis through applying postcolonial theory, the dissertation critically explores the concept on a sample of public policy documents by two of the largest legal empowerment donors, the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. The thesis analyses both how the donors approach the concept and how the discourse may distinguish in their approaches. Furthermore, it examines how power imbalances in the legal empowerment discourse might emerge from a Global North/South perspective. The study finds that the policies from both development banks do not discursively produce legal empowerment in significantly different ways, which moreover forswears the premise that the South-South development cooperation is to be essentially distinctive from the North-South cooperation. Furthermore, the both discourses were found to (re)produce postcolonial narratives that reduce the ‘subjects’ in the discourse into homogenous groups which could somewhat dispute the essence of the concept.
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Rhodes, Robi R. "Discourse and Detection: Gendered Readings of Scientific and Legal Evidence in the Victorian Novel." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1218085583.
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au, J. goodie@murdoch edu, and Jo Goodie. "The Invention of the Environment as a Legal Subject." Murdoch University, 2007. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20070815.131651.
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The legal regulation of the environment is exemplary of the formation, practice and challenge of modern legal discourse and governance. The latter part of the twentieth century has seen the emergence of environmentalism and the problematisation of the environment in terms of the management of hazard and risk. The social authority of law has meant that it has been inevitably implicated in the contestation and negotiation of environmental governance. In turn, environmental governance and discourse have required a certain refiguring of legal rationality as legal discourse has been confronted by the immanent critique of environmentalism. This thesis will focus on how the environment emerged as problematic and how it came to be governed and of legal interest. Several examples of legal thinking concerning specific environmental problems are analysed, and the manner in which the environment is constructed within the legal discursive domain is examined.
Much modern knowledge and understanding regarding the environment developed in part from the specialisation of scientific discourse and experiment, which formed certain areas of expertise, including biology, ecology and toxicology. This scientific knowledge significantly contributed to governmental identification and elucidation of the environment. Modern ecology and associated technologies have facilitated the detailed mapping and auditing of physical environments, and have profoundly effected our modern appreciation of the environment as an interdependent, dynamic and potentially fragile web of interdependent physical zones, spaces and activities. Modern environmentalism has emerged through the application of this type of technical scientific knowledge, in combination with certain forms of environmental sensibility which treat the environment, not as a thing, or somehow out there, but as a dynamic process of which humans are a part, which has a history, an economy, and a power to transform and be transformed. The shape of modern environmental governance has been especially influenced by the scientific and ethical critique of environmentalism that connects the origin of ecological risks to technological application and commodity production.
Throughout this thesis, specific aspects of the analytics of government or governmentality approach derived from Foucaults writing on governmentality are taken up. Governmentality theory is largely concerned with the contingent relationship between knowledge and power; thus, with analysing specific discourses and associated spaces within which differing knowledge and forms of thinking interrelate and resist each other. The contestation and negotiation associated with environmental governance has confronted legal discourse and led to a refiguring of legal rationality. Legal governance of the environment has stretched and unsettled legal orthodoxy, as the environment does not readily fit into any of the usual categories pertaining to legal rights and interests. The environment, as a legal subject, is not simply a physical space; it is a contingent and instrumental concept, determined by human activity, social values and legal and non-legal calculation.
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Santiago, Llajaruna Brenda Elizabeth. "Análisis del comportamiento de los usuarios de la fanpage de Facebook Ni una menos Perú: tocan a una, tocan a todas (marzo a junio de 2019)." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652035.
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La presente investigación busca analizar el comportamiento de los usuarios de la fanpage de Facebook Ni Una Menos Perú: tocan a una, tocan a todas frente a publicaciones con las que pueden estar o no de acuerdo. Se ha evaluado el comportamiento de los usuarios partiendo de los comentarios y subcomentarios que estos realizaron en diez publicaciones que tratan el tema de la legalización del aborto en el Perú. A partir de una revisión bibliográfica se determinó catalogar las respuestas de los usuarios a las publicaciones dentro de cinco roles de comportamiento: apoyo total, apoyo parcial, neutralidad, rechazo parcial y rechazo total; para luego analizar al tipo de usuario partiendo de dos categorías: la identidad que presentan en Facebook y la forma en la que se expresan en sus respuestas a las publicaciones. Además, se ha considerado la forma de reaccionar de los usuarios dependiendo del tipo de publicaciones que realiza la fanpage. Asimismo, esta investigación propone un instrumento de análisis del comportamiento de los usuarios que permite ver de manera conjunta los distintos elementos que forman la conducta del usuario manteniendo una perspectiva individual de cada categoría.The present research aims to analyse the behaviour of users of the Facebook fanpage “Ni Una Menos Perú: tocan a una, tocan a todas” when interacting in the comments of posts that they might agree or not with. For this, we have examined the behaviour of users based in the comments and subcomments that they have written on ten posts about the legalization of abortion in Perú. After going through a literature review, it was decided to categorise the responses to the posts into five roles of behaviour: full support, partial support, neutral, partial rejection and full rejection. Then, we will analyse the users starting with two categories: the identity they show on Facebook and the way they express themselves in their responses to the posts. Besides that, it has been considered the way the users react to the different approaches that can be find in the posts. On the same note, this research proposes a new analytical tool to analyse the behaviour of users that allows us to focus on all the different elements that shape the behaviour of the users while maintaining an individual perspective of each one.
Tesis
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Maclean, Hector Roderick 1950. "Learning literacies in the law : constructing legal subjectivities." Monash University, School of Literary, Visual and Performance Studies, 2003. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5792.
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Лінченко, М. О. "Лексико-граматичні особливості юридичного дискурсу та його терміносистеми." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25453.
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Взаємини людини і суспільства носять складний характер, і інтереси обох сторін закріплені в законах та інших нормативно-правових документах державної влади. Юридичний дискурс орієнтований на всі верстви суспільства і вважається одним з найбільш актуальних дискурсів сучасності.
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Ball, Matthew J. "A 'deleterious' effect? : Australian legal education and the production of the legal identity." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/28601/1/Matthew_Ball_Thesis.pdf.
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A body of critical legal scholarship argues that, by the time they have completed their studies, students who enter legal education holding social ideals and intending to use their legal education to achieve social change, have become cynical about the ability of the law to do so and no longer possess such ideals. This is explained by critical scholars to be the result of a process of ideological indoctrination, aimed at ensuring that graduates uphold the narrow and conservative interests of the legal profession and capitalist society, being exercised by law schools acting as adjuncts of the legal profession, and exercised upon the passive body of the law student.
By using Foucault’s work on knowledge, power, and the subject to interrogate the assumptions upon which this narrative is based, this thesis intends to suggest a way of thinking differently to the approach taken by many critical legal scholars. It then uses an analytics of government (based on Foucault’s notion of ‘governmentality’) to consider the construction of the legal identity differently. It examines the ways in which the governance of the legal identity is rationalised, programmed, and implemented, in three Queensland law schools. It also looks at the way that five prescriptive texts to ‘surviving’ law school suggest students establish and practise a relation to themselves in order to construct their own legal identities.
Overall, this analysis shows that governance is not simply conducted in the profession’s interests, but occurs due to a complex arrangement of different practices, which can lead to the construction of skilled legal professional identities as well as ethical lawyer-citizens that hold an interest in justice. The implications of such an analytics provide the basis for original ways of understanding legal education, and legal education scholarship.
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Ball, Matthew J. "A 'deleterious' effect? : Australian legal education and the production of the legal identity." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/28601/.
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A body of critical legal scholarship argues that, by the time they have completed their studies, students who enter legal education holding social ideals and intending to use their legal education to achieve social change, have become cynical about the ability of the law to do so and no longer possess such ideals. This is explained by critical scholars to be the result of a process of ideological indoctrination, aimed at ensuring that graduates uphold the narrow and conservative interests of the legal profession and capitalist society, being exercised by law schools acting as adjuncts of the legal profession, and exercised upon the passive body of the law student.
By using Foucault’s work on knowledge, power, and the subject to interrogate the assumptions upon which this narrative is based, this thesis intends to suggest a way of thinking differently to the approach taken by many critical legal scholars. It then uses an analytics of government (based on Foucault’s notion of ‘governmentality’) to consider the construction of the legal identity differently. It examines the ways in which the governance of the legal identity is rationalised, programmed, and implemented, in three Queensland law schools. It also looks at the way that five prescriptive texts to ‘surviving’ law school suggest students establish and practise a relation to themselves in order to construct their own legal identities.
Overall, this analysis shows that governance is not simply conducted in the profession’s interests, but occurs due to a complex arrangement of different practices, which can lead to the construction of skilled legal professional identities as well as ethical lawyer-citizens that hold an interest in justice. The implications of such an analytics provide the basis for original ways of understanding legal education, and legal education scholarship.
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Saucier, Calderón Jean-Paul. "About Teachers, Shamans and Healers: Towards an Ethics of Violence in Legal Education." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118628.
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This article discusses how legal education extends the symbolic violence intrinsic to the law and legal discourse. The article, while keeping in mind power relations inherent to legal education, discusses how disciplinary approaches reinforce the symbolic violence conveyed through legal education. The article presents «Interdisciplinarity» in contrast to a structuring and compartmentalized view of the law, and explains how interdisciplinarity can attenuate symbolic violence in legal education. Having this in mind, the author proposes an «ethics of violence» in legal education that suggests professors should moderate the levels of symbolic violence channeled during the educational process and participate in the unveiling of symbolic violence-generating structures. The article concludes with views on the limits of such an ethical proposition, particularly when considering how an ethics of violence could end up legitimizing the issues it initially sought to oppose.El artículo explora cómo la violencia simbólica del derecho y del discurso jurídico se puede trasladar a la educación legal. Con tal objeto, y tomando en cuenta las relaciones de poder inherentes a la enseñanza del derecho, se analiza en qué medida el pensamiento disciplinario puede reforzar la violencia simbólica transmitida en la enseñanza del derecho. Frente al pensamiento disciplinario, se estudia cómo la interdisciplinariedad se presenta como una contracorriente a una perspectiva estructurante y aislacionista, propiciada por una visión formalista del derecho y de las disciplinas en general. Se expone cómo la interdisciplinariedad permitiría atenuar la violencia simbólica de la enseñanza del derecho. Ante esas observaciones se esboza una pistas de solución desde una ética de la violenciaen la educación legal que consiste principalmente en la moderación de la aplicación de la violencia del derecho y en el desvelamiento de las estructuras generadoras de violencia simbólica. Se concluye observando los límites de esta ética, pues podría resultar un instrumento de legitimación de la misma violencia simbólica.
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Johansson, Anders. "Risk and Responsibility in the GMO Discourse." Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1855.
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An application of biotechnology that has been rapidly matured under the last ten years is genetically modified food. The deliberative release of GMO faces the challenge of complying with sustainable development and implies a precautionary approach to all possible risk involved. This study purpose is to investigate the problems of risks concerning deliberative release of GMO and to define the question of responsibility. These two themes, risk and responsibility, are discussed in relation to society, citizens, corporations andscience. A more profound understanding of the relation between risk and responsibility in the GMO context could contribute to the sensitivity and deliberation in bio-politics, so it better can cope with democratic governance, public debate and risk deliberations.
Politicians and other decisions-makers have a responsibility to assure that they have sufficient knowledge and understanding for the issue at hand before taking any decision. A responsible bio-politics departs from the precautionary principle in decisions making, gaining knowledge in dialogue with concerned GMO actors and tries to correspond to sustainable development. Hence, knowledge and understanding is needed which are reached in dialogue with other parties in order to allowed values, attitudes and knowledge to be deliberate more extensively.
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Rogalla, Barbara, and com au BarbRog@iprimus. "Framed by Legal Rationalism: Refugees and the Howard Government's Selective Use of Legal Rationality; 1999-2003." RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080122.100946.
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This thesis investigated the power of framing practices in the context of Australian refugee policies between 1999 and 2003. The analysis identified legal rationalism as an ideological projection by which the Howard government justified its refugee policies to the electorate. That is, legal rationalism manifested itself as an overriding concern with the rules and procedures of the law, without necessarily having concern for consistency or continuity. In its first form, legal rationalism emerged as a
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Javidan, Pantea. "American legal discourse on child trafficking : the re/production of inequalities and persistence of child criminalization." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3607/.
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The criminalization of children commercially-sexually exploited through prostitution persists despite trafficking laws recognizing this as one of the worst forms of exploitation committed against the most vulnerable social group. This thesis examines the re/production of inequalities in American legal discourse on child trafficking, and why child criminalization persists in this context. Employing a child-centered framework built from multi-conscious feminism and the sociologies of law and childhood, it examines mechanisms of othering and criminalization in key legislative debates, statutes and cases of the United States generally as well as two states exemplifying the retributive and child-protective modes of handling child trafficking. It identifies three themes or issues often presented as binaries that structure child trafficking discourse—adult/child, victim/offender and consent/non-consent—and examines how these are deployed to penalize children in general, and minority and immigrant children in particular. First, processes of marginalization related to race, class, gender and immigration have been vital to the construction of childhood (as normative/deviant) in and through trafficking and prostitution laws, which are reproduced through different types of discourses in both states. Second, both retributive and child-protective modes of response preserve child criminalization by maintaining the tension between prostitution and trafficking, and the female culpability associated with prostitution, including through the denial of the victimization of “repeat offenders.” Finally, despite its prohibition, prostitution is conceptualized in contractual terms, which imputes consent to identities constructed through this discourse and renders commercial-sexual exploitation as merely or primarily involving acts of sale, purchase and consumption.
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Heffer, Chris. "Making a case : narrative and paradigmatic modes in the legal-lay discourse of English jury trial." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543941.
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This thesis is a study of the language used by legal professionals before English juries. it investigates a distinction between two principal cultural-cognitive modes and examines their effect on forensic discourse. The 'paradigmatic' mode is evident in the discourse of professional legal argumentation, while the 'narrative' mode typifies the sociolinguistic praxis of 'lay' language users. The thesis argues that 'legal-lay' discourse is characterised by a dialectical relationship resulting from the attempt by barristers and judges to satisfy both the paradigmatic demands of the law and the lay jury's narrative constructions of social experience. Thus legal professionals invoke a range of discoursal. strategies oriented to both modes. These strategies are explored in a set of corpora of legal-lay genres, including 100 witness examinations and judicial summings-up to the jury. The barrister's discourse is shown to draw heavily on the narrative mode despite paradigmatic legal constraints on witness examination. It is also claimed that accommodation to the narrative mode in the judge's legal directions might assist jury comprehension, but that such 'narrativisation' may increase the risk of judicial bias. The study is an interdisciplinary one and employs a wide range of quantitative and qualitative methods.
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Wickens, Paul David. "Computer based learning and changing legal pedagogic orders of discourse in UK higher education : a comparative critical discourse analysis of the TLTP materials for law." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/4030/.
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This thesis critically examines the discourse of government funded computer based learning (CBL) materials which have been introduced on undergraduate courses at UK universities with particular reference to CBL materials from the Teaching and Learning Technology Programme (TLTP). My study is based on a sample of pedagogic legal discourse from two undergraduate courses for law, one at Warwick University and one at the London School of Economics, and it presents a comparative analysis of the discourse of the TLTP materials for law and the established pedagogic legal genres which are used on these courses. The critical perspective on the analysis of the discourse seeks explanations of discursive change, represented by the introduction of the CBL materials, in the context of institutional and broader social change. The introduction of CBL materials in the 1990s has come at a time of extensive institutional change in UK higher education with large increases in student numbers at a time of static funding. This study explores the justifications for the introduction of such materials, academic, pedagogic and administrative and evaluates these in the light of the analysis of the discourse. The study shows that the academic justifications and the claims of the producers' of the CBL materials for a constructivist pedagogy are exaggerated, and that it is the economic and administrative imperatives of the funding bodies which predominate. The thesis goes on to argue that the CBL materials in this study both reflect and realise the marketisation of higher education and a commodification of pedagogic discourse itself.
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Дорошенко, І. В. "Функціонально-семантичні особливості термінів на тлі юридичного дискурсу." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/16853.
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Бабич, Д. О. "Термінологія в юридичному дискурсі." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/25454.
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Правова термінологія становить автономний прошарок лексичного складу сучасної англійської мови і посідає центральне місце в юридичному дискурсі. Сьогодні система англійської юридичної термінології існує у вигляді однокомпонентних термінів-слів (простих, похідних, складних, слів-скорочень) та багатокомпонентних термінологічних одиниць – словосполучень із різною кількістю елементів.
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Дорда, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Дорда, and Svitlana Volodymyrivna Dorda. "Пізнавальні стратегії юридичного дискурсу." Thesis, Сумська філія Харківського національного університету внутрішніх справ, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/59620.
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Будь-який інституційний дискурс, у тому числі і юридичний, являє собою комбінацію універсальних і особливих характеристик. Особливі характеристики юридичного дискурсу визначаються його предметною областю, пізнавальними стратегіями, безпосередньо обумовленими його цілями.Any institutional discourse, including legal, is a combination of universal and particular characteristics. Features legal discourse definition of the subject area, cognitive strategies, directly due to its objectives.
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Gabriel, Valeria Cristina Barbosa. "O contraste como estratégia discursiva : uma análise de enunciados jurídicos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2006. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4280.
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Esta tese tem como foco de seu estudo as estruturas contrastivas em Língua Portuguesa. Desenvolvem-se aqui, a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, considerações sobre o contraste segundo visões diversas, como a da Gramática Tradicional, a da Semiolingüística do Discurso e a da Semântica Argumentativa. Para análise destas construções e observação dos aspectos apontados, foram utilizadas como corpus as iniciais, contestações e alegações finais de peças processuais da área jurídica, com o objetivo de observar em que momentos estas estruturas se manifestam e qual a sua função no discurso. O método empregado para o levantamento do corpus utilizado compreendeu a escolha aleatória de 69 peças processuais das áreas trabalhista, cível, tributária e penal, nas quais foi levantado um total de 475 enunciados contrastivos. Das peças, uma inicial e uma contestação foram escolhidas, sob o critério da quantidade e diversidade de ocorrências, para uma análise no último capítulo, a fim de observar se o emprego do contraste é relevante para este tipo de texto processual e em que medida ele interfere na recepção do argumento proposto. A partir da análise dos enunciados, percebeu-se que esta estrutura é bastante interessante para a argumentação, pois traz para o discurso outras vozes que entram em diálogo, seja por meio de uma das asserções, seja por meio de implícitos. Estas vozes trazidas para o discurso têm a função de adiantar o pensamento do receptor, para trazê-lo para o lado do emissor, ou a função de retomar o que o locutor da parte contrária disse, para afirmar o contrário. Ademais, percebeu-se que, quando utilizadas corretamente, estas estruturas conferem maior credibilidade ao discurso, porque, juntamente com outros aspectos discursivos, são marcas de um discurso bem elaborado. Observou-se também que elas não são utilizadas com muita freqüência pelos advogados no âmbito jurídico, em função de vários fatores, dentre os quais o excesso de objetividade, a ausência de conhecimento dos efeitos destas construções, a falta de argumentação e a má elaboração de algumas peças. As estruturas mais utilizadas são as adversativas, com a conjunção mas. Dentre as concessivas, é ostensiva a preferência pelo emprego de não obstante e suas variantes nada obstante e *inobstante (esta não dicionarizada), em detrimento da conjunção concessiva típica do discurso corrente embora.This thesis has a focus on the study of contrastive structures in Portuguese Language. Considerations about contrast under the view of Traditional Grammar, Discourse Analysis and Argumentative Semantics are developed here in a bibliography research. Three different kinds of texts from Law are used in our corpus (the initial request, the contestation and the final claim) in order to observe in which moments these contrastive structures appear and to observe which function they have in discourse. The method to select this corpus was aleatory and in it we found 475 statements from 69 pieces of lawsuit from four different areas (labour, civil, tributary and penal). In the last chapter, two pieces, one initial request and one contestation, were chosen to be analyzed more particularly in the following aspects: relevancy of contrast to this kind of lawsuit text and its interference in the arguments reception. From the analysis of these statements, we could see that contrast structures are very interesting to argumentation, because they bring to discourse other voices that establish a dialogue in discourse through one of the statement part or through implicit meanings. These voices may have two different aims: anticipating the thoughts of the one who will receive the discourse, to bring him to the side of the one who speaks, or retaking what someone else has told about something and establishing the contrast. We could also see, with this research, that when these structures are properly used, in addition with other discursive aspects, they give credibility to discourse, because they are marks of a well elaborated discourse. This research also showed that contrastive structures are not used so often in the juridical scene, for many reasons, as too much objectivity, lack of knowledge of its effects, lack of argumentation and bad elaboration of some texts. The most used structures are the adversatives, with mas. Among the concessives, the preference is the use of não obstante and its variants nada obstante and *inobstante (this one is not in the dictionary), instead of embora, more characteristic to the current use
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Goguen, Taunya Anne. "A study into the impact of feminism upon legal discourse in criminal justice policies on wife battering in Canada." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/8543.
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Feminist scholars have become aware of the risks of engaging law to address women's needs and concerns. In fact, several Canadian feminist writers (Currie, 1990; Snider, 1991) argue that the criminal justice system is not a reliable ally for feminists, and suggest that relying on it will not empower women, but will sustain institutions that perpetuate the status quo of political, economic and familial relations which subordinate women to men. The purpose of this study is to examine of the extent to which feminist discourses have been incorporated into justice policies and to demonstrate the power of feminism to re-define the legal response to male violence against women in intimate relations. Following Smart's (1989) work, Feminism and the Power of Law, it is hypothesized that feminist discourses will be marginalized in legal discourse. Manifest and latent content analysis are employed to determine the degree to which feminist discourses on wife battering have had an impact upon legal discourse injustice policies. The sample consists of thirteen policies published between 1986 and 1997 in provinces and territories across Canada. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Goguen, Taunya. "A study into the impact of feminism upon legal discourse in criminal justice policies on wife battering in Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ36696.pdf.
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Jones, Caroline. "Figuring 'the family' : late twentieth-century accounts of lived experience and legal discourse around licensed donor insemination in Britain." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418870.
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James, Nickolas John. "Power-knowledge and critique in Australian legal education : 1987-2003." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15910/1/Nickolas_James_Thesis.pdf.
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While the word 'critique' appeared frequently in Australian legal education texts between 1987 and 2003, the meaning and the emphasis accorded critique varied widely. Michel Foucault's ideas about the close relationship between knowledge and power provide a theoretical framework within which this inconsistency of meaning and emphasis can be described, analysed and explained. Rather than monolithic, the discipline of legal education was by 2003 a dynamic nexus of distinct and competing discourses: doctrinalism, vocationalism, corporatism, liberalism, pedagogicalism and radicalism. Each of these six discourses was simultaneously a form of knowledge and an expression of disciplinary power within the law school. As a form of knowledge, each discourse accorded critique a different meaning and a different emphasis as a consequence of a range of historical, social and political contingencies. As an expression of power, each discourse was an attempt to achieve a set of objectives including the universalisation of a particular approach to the teaching of law and the enhancement of the status of a particular role within the law school. Critique, in a variety of forms, was a strategy employed by each discourse in order to achieve these objectives and to dominate and displace competing discourses.
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James, Nickolas John. "Power-Knowledge And Critique In Australian Legal Education : 1987 - 2003." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15910/.
Full textAbstract:
While the word 'critique' appeared frequently in Australian legal education texts between 1987 and 2003, the meaning and the emphasis accorded critique varied widely. Michel Foucault's ideas about the close relationship between knowledge and power provide a theoretical framework within which this inconsistency of meaning and emphasis can be described, analysed and explained. Rather than monolithic, the discipline of legal education was by 2003 a dynamic nexus of distinct and competing discourses: doctrinalism, vocationalism, corporatism, liberalism, pedagogicalism and radicalism. Each of these six discourses was simultaneously a form of knowledge and an expression of disciplinary power within the law school. As a form of knowledge, each discourse accorded critique a different meaning and a different emphasis as a consequence of a range of historical, social and political contingencies. As an expression of power, each discourse was an attempt to achieve a set of objectives including the universalisation of a particular approach to the teaching of law and the enhancement of the status of a particular role within the law school. Critique, in a variety of forms, was a strategy employed by each discourse in order to achieve these objectives and to dominate and displace competing discourses.
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Hope, Daniel. "Social and Political Discourse in America: The Civil Republican Revival in American Legal Theory and the Critical Theory of Jurgen Habermas." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1503322236098925.
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Obiedat, Ahmad Z. "Uṣūl al-fiqh hermeneutics as reflected on the debate on human cloning : a critical analysis of contemporary Islamic legal discourse." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79968.
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This thesis discusses the prohibition of human cloning in contemporary Islamic legal discourse, which relies on two distinct doctrines: the first seeks support in the Qur'anic text, while the second depends on method of utilitarian legal hermeneutics (al-istiṣlaḥ ). These doctrines are examined by comparing them to the method that contemporary Islamic legal discourse adopts, namely, uṣul al-fiqh. When this is done, a discrepancy emerges in the first doctrine that traces this prohibition back to the text of revelation, which in turn requires further clarification of the foundations of hermeneutics in uṣul al-fiqh---identified here as textual and legislative consistency. For this, Shaṭibi's theory of maqaṣid al-sharī'ah offers one of the most reliable bases for the hermeneutics to evaluate the second doctrine. The methodological venture in this thesis aims at criticizing the current methodology while at the same time offering a justified approach to hermeneutics in contemporary Islamic legal discourse and in the case of human cloning.
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Schuppert, Victoria Alice. "Legal reforms and dystopian discourse between the ancient and modern world : a comparative study of political change, law, and rhetoric." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8059/.
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This thesis explores the significance of political change, law, and rhetoric in imaginary cities that feature animals and women as ‘Others.’ It studies dramatic and philosophical texts, from Aeschylean tragedy, Aristophanic comedy, and Platonic dialogue in ancient Greece to modern works, including Thomas More’s Utopia in 16th-century England and the utopias and dystopias of the 20th-century, in order to offer a discourse between the ancient and modern world. I demonstrate that each of these texts can be compared on a rhetorical and jurisprudential level, which allows us to examine how different characters engage with different forms of power in a setting which at least begins by being democratic. This enables us to trace the development of this strand of Western political thought over the last two thousand years, and to confront intractable political problems that recur throughout time. This confrontation helps us understand patterns of legal reforms and rhetoric and demonstrates that the concerns of Aristophanes and Plato can also be found in modern paradigms. The recourse to the utopian and dystopian fantastic, the seemingly apolitical animal world, and the differently organised female sphere, offers new insight into the activities of law-making, city-planning, and rhetoric, both in antiquity and today.
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Lindholm, Johanna. "Sexually exploited youths in the Swedish legal system : Conditions of victimhood." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-116791.
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This thesis explores how the Swedish legal system, specifically the police and district courts, understand and construct cases of human trafficking for sexual purposes and procuring with under-age victims. It draws on police investigative interviews and court decisions in 22 pronounced district court sentences, involving 36 female youths. Theoretically the thesis primarily builds on social constructionism and the sociology of childhood. Methodologically it builds on coding of forensic interviews, narrative analysis and discourse analysis. Study I explores the informativeness of 24 of the 36 adolescents when interviewed by the police. It shows that the adolescents were informative yet evasive, specifically when asked open questions. Experiences of violence and force as well as interviews conducted soon after the police intervention further contributed to evasiveness. Also evasiveness seemed intimately connected to circumstances in each unique case. Study II scrutinises the image of the ideal trafficking victim by asking how the issue of responsibility is handled when police interviews turn to prostitution. It also analyses which interactive and narrative conditions, related to agency and stake, apply for talk in this specific institutional setting. The findings suggest that in order to sort out the ‘real’ victims, the interrogator needs to pull apart the two categories ‘victim’ and ‘prostitute’ even if there may be problems with this clear-cut distinction since the categories tend to blend together. Further, in this institutional setting to talk about sex can be problematic as it may undermine the victim narrative instead creating a subject with interests. Study III explores how Swedish district courts assess the credibility of alleged victims of human trafficking for sexual purposes and the reliability of their testimonies. The findings indicate that the judges base their assessments on the Swedish Supreme Courts’ criteria of how to understand reliability and credibility but they seemed also to be influenced by extra-legal factors relating to victims’ behaviour. Further, the findings imply that the judges used the Supreme Court’s criteria to argue both for and against credibility. By so doing, their arguments supported the decision reached irrespective of how the adolescents reported or what impression they made. In brief this thesis can be said to point to a legal dilemma when law on paper is applied in practice as each unique adolescent must be recognized by the authorities as fitting the administrative category ‘victim’. When put into practice, categories are rarely neat and clear hence such categorizing becomes a phenomenon negotiated in interaction. Also, this legal context sets up limits and possibilities for the adolescents’ agency and this too can be said to have a bearing on if she is, or is not, constructed as a victim. In short, this thesis shows certain conditions of victimhood.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Submitted.
Forskningsfinansiär: Brottsoffermyndigheten genom Brottsofferfonden.
Människohandel/koppleri med barn och unga för sexuella ändamål Vad går att lära av rättsväsendet och brottsoffrens erfarenheter?
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Waksmunski, Valerie. "Yielding to the Worthy: The Chinese Abdication Myth as Discourse on Hereditary vs. Merit-based Leadership." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1441799724.
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Gardner, Natasha D. "Potentials and Impediments to Universal, School-based Screening for Behavioral and Emotional Risk: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Current Case Law." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/cps_diss/65.
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Disproportionality in special education is a long-standing issue. Some scholars have proposed group or universal screening for emotional and behavioral risk in schools as a method of addressing disproportionality. Considering previous case law, questions exist as to the legality of such screening programs in public schools. The purpose of this inquiry was to apply critical discourse analysis (CDA) to the federal case of Rhoades v. Penn-Harris (2008) to explore how court discourse reflects issues of social power and multidisciplinarity in the context of a school mental health screening program. CDA is usually interdisciplinary and focuses on explaining discourse structures related to social problems and may be applied from various theoretical frameworks and methodologies. This study used a discourse-historical approach to address the questions regarding the court’s discussion of relative power relationships, its use of argumentation strategies, and the knowledge base(s) accessed in formulating its arguments. Case study findings indicated that the court's use of various argumentation strategies in its discourse on student mental health screening presented varying potential duties and liabilities for entities and individuals involved in such programs. Additionally, although mental health screening in public schools requires an interdisciplinary approach, the court's discussion of the program litigated in Rhoades used a centrist, law-based perspective, suggesting that attempts to facilitate a pluralist or an integrationist approach to such cases may require efforts particular to legal, as opposed to clinical, practice. Recommendations for developing school mental health screening programs sensitive to issues addressed by Rhoades are provided.
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Honório, Maisa Dias. "As demandas de Deus na justiça dos homens: conflitos religiosos em práticas discursivas jurídicas brasileiras." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3668.
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Opening the range of possibilities that Linguistics offers us, especially studies of Discourse Analysis which focus on discourses from every activity of human sphere, I propose a study directed by analysis of collisions between legal and religious discourses which are present in some legal practices in our country. A priori, the Bakhtinian notions, as well as those elucidated by Foucault, Fairclough, Marcuschi have guided the theoretical paths gone through in this analysis by focusing on the dialogical character and, then, these two Intertextual discursive instances here taken as principles of analysis, Legal Discourse and Religious Discourse. This Research was developed by the selection of judicial records available in the archive sessions of the Court of Justice of the State of Goiás and, subsequently analyzed from the theoretical scope above-mentioned. The concepts of Religion and Law which are designed nowadays, and consequently the Religious and Legal discourse, is the result of various changes through the years. A legal discourse that dictates what is right and wrong, and judging based on the laws of conduct and ethics formulated by a secular state (our country) and a doctrine that rules customs and practices which evidence the path presented by God to ascend to heaven or punishment with hell, from the Holy Writs held by several segments as a Christian or Protestant, for example. As for the discourse analyst, the aim of this study is to identify the textual chain and the textual genres and their constituents that make up the judicial records that served as the corpus for this study and to identify the possible discursive formations and their constituent discourses, by observing as a discourse has the power to cover up other discourses in order to establish the effects of the senses that enable the formation of subjects as well as their positions in different discursive spheres, thus pointing the refraction of subjects, objects and images , such as the notions of ―Legality‖, ―Norm‖ and ―Conduct‖ what is common to both discursive domains here assumed as the object of analysis . Notably, another common trait emerging from the analyzed parts refers to the linearity of their constituent processes of production, distribution and consumption of these same texts, these aspects directly bound to the specificity of judicial social practice in particular.
Abrindo o leque de possibilidades que a linguística nos oferece, sobretudo os estudos da Análise do Discurso que toma como objeto os discursos oriundos de toda atividade da esfera humana, proponho um estudo direcionado de análise entre as colisões dos discursos jurídico e religioso presentes em algumas práticas jurídicas de nosso país. A priori, as noções bakhtinianas, bem como as elucidadas por Foucault, Marcuschi e Fairclough nortearam os caminhos teóricos percorridos nesta análise tomando como foco o caráter dialógico e, logo, intertextual dessas duas instâncias discursivas aqui tomadas como pressupostos de análise, o Discurso Jurídico e Religioso. A Pesquisa se desenvolveu mediante seleção dos autos processuais disponíveis nas sessões de arquivo do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás que posteriormente foram analisadas a partir do escopo teórico supracitado. Os conceitos concebidos na atualidade de religião e direito, e consequentemente de discurso jurídico e religioso, é fruto de várias mudanças ao longo dos tempos. Um discurso jurídico que dita o que é certo e errado e que julga a partir das leis baseadas na boa conduta e na ética formuladas por um Estado laico (nosso país) e uma doutrina que rege costumes e práticas evidenciando o caminho apresentado por Deus para a ascensão aos céus ou a punição com a ida para o inferno, a partir de escrituras sagradas apoiadas em diversas vertentes de seguimentos como cristão ou protestantes, por exemplo. Assim como para o analista do discurso, o objetivo desse estudo circunda em identificar a cadeia textual e seus gêneros constituintes que compõem os autos dos processos que serviram de corpus para a presente pesquisa, além de identificar as possíveis formações discursivas e seus discursos constituintes, observando como um discurso tem o poder de encobrir outros discursos para poder estabelecer os efeitos de sentidos que possibilitam as formações de sujeitos, bem como suas posições em diferentes esferas discursivas apontando assim a refração de sujeitos, objetos e imagens, como por exemplo, as noções de ―Legalidade, ―Norma‖ e ―Conduta‖ comuns aos dois domínios discursivos aqui tomados como objeto de análise. Notadamente, outro traço comum emergente das peças analisadas refere-se à linearidade constituinte dos respectivos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo destes mesmos textos, aspectos estes diretamente ligados à especificidade da prática social jurídica em particular.
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Vieira, Junior Luiz Augusto Mugnai. "A problemática da ilegalidade do aborto no Brasil (1990 2010): entre a condenação moral religiosa, a criminalização e o direito à saúde, onde ficam as mulheres?" Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2011. http://tede.unioeste.br:8080/tede/handle/tede/1779.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-23Unsafe abortion is considered a serious public health problem, since the Decade of 1990, by the World Health Organization (WHO). In Brazil, its practice is also insecure due mainly to its illegality, imposed judicially. From such issues, the central issue of this work was to understand the why of illegality and criminalisation of abortion in Brazil. Was this based on gender issues and ways in Brazilian society? So, to understand this problem, bibliographic studies were analyzed and fonts that allow to realize the legal, medical and religious discourses on abortion. Featured were the positions, the subject and the speeches that have marked these three speeches throughout history. After the discussion of striking aspects of speeches that substantiate the illegality of abortion in the past tense, were highlighted changes or resistance in the form of seeing these discourses regarding abortion practice, which configure the onslaughts of time present. It was noted that in the discussion about the illegality of abortion for the mobilization of those who are fighting for the maintenance of its criminalisation and illegality and others who are fighting for their decriminalization and legalization, as feminist groups and women, government sectors and even religious, which has resulted in projects of laws and public policies. The concerns which led the research were perceived as condensed in election debate of 2010, when the problem of criminalization of abortion came to the fore, highlighting important issues as the secularity of the State. Must also point out that the privileged subject the focus that this research was the object abortion issue of gender relations and perceptions of the Brazilian society in relation to this, inserted into a place of power between the various speeches by the control of the female body, by decision whether the woman should abort or not and even if this is right or wrong. Is regarding gender issues that the relevance and adequacy of this research shows, opening paths for future studies
O aborto inseguro é considerado um grave problema de saúde pública, desde a década de 1990, pela Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS). No Brasil, a sua prática se mostra também insegura devido, principalmente a sua ilegalidade, imposta judicialmente. A partir de tais questões, a problemática central desse trabalho consistiu em compreender o porquê da ilegalidade e da criminalização do aborto no Brasil. Estaria essa pautada nas questões e formas de gênero na sociedade brasileira? Afim, de entender esse problema, foram analisados estudos bibliográficos e fontes que permitiram perceber os discursos jurídicos, médicos e religiosos sobre o aborto. Foram destacados as posições, os sujeitos e as falas que marcaram esses três discursos ao longo da história. Após a discussão de aspectos marcantes dos discursos que fundamentaram a ilegalidade do aborto no tempo passado, foram evidenciadas as mudanças ou as resistências na forma de se ver desses discursos em relação à prática abortiva, os quais configuram os embates do tempo presente. Observou-se que na discussão sobre a ilegalidade do aborto há a mobilização daqueles que lutam pela manutenção da sua criminalização e ilegalidade e outros que lutam pela sua descriminalização e legalização, como grupos feministas e de mulheres, setores governamentais e mesmo religiosos, o que tem resultado em projetos de leis e políticas públicas . As preocupações que conduziram a pesquisa foram percebidas de maneira condensada no debate eleitoral de 2010, quando o problema da criminalização do aborto veio a tona, evidenciando questões importantes como a laicidade do estado brasileiro. Deve-se, ainda, ressaltar que o foco privilegiado que tematizou o objeto aborto nessa pesquisa foi a questão de gênero, as relações e percepções da sociedade brasileira em relação a esta, inserida em uma disputada de poder entre diversos discursos pelo controle do corpo feminino, pela decisão se a mulher deve ou não abortar e ainda se isto está certo ou errado. É no tocante as questões de gênero que a relevância e a pertinência da presente pesquisa mostra-se, abrindo assim caminhos para futuros estudos
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Hursh, John. "Women's rights and women's land rights in postcolonial Tunisia and Morocco: legal institutions, women's rights discourse, and the need for continued reform." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123322.
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This paper explores women's rights and women's land rights in postcolonial Tunisia and Morocco by examining the legal institutions and social discourse that shape these rights. Tunisia and Morocco share key similarities as well as important differences, and studying women's rights and women's land rights provides a rewarding comparison of how two postcolonial states address these contested issues. Understanding land rights requires an understanding of the institutions that govern and administer land. Accordingly, this paper investigates key land and property arrangements from the colonial and postcolonial eras in these two states. Likewise, understanding women's rights requires an understanding of the social and cultural considerations of women's status in Islamic society, as well as the women's rights movements and women's rights discourse that emerged in Tunisia and Morocco.This paper contains five parts. Part I explores the relationship between extractive institutions, development narratives, and the legal system in colonial and postcolonial states. Part II investigates land rights within colonial and postcolonial Tunisia and Morocco, as well as the institutions that govern and administer land in these two states. Parts III and IV examine the legal construction of gender in postcolonial Tunisia and Morocco. These parts also detail the emergence of strong women's rights movements and women's rights discourse in both states. Part V concludes by discussing the importance of women's land rights and the challenges and opportunities for securing strong women's land rights in Tunisia and Morocco.Ce document explore les droits des femmes et les droits fonciers des femmes en post-coloniale en Tunisie et au Maroc en examinant les institutions juridiques et discours social qui façonnent ces droits. Tunisie et le Maroc partagent des similitudes clés ainsi que des différences importantes, et d'étudier les droits des femmes et les droits fonciers des femmes fournit une comparaison enrichissante de la façon dont deux états postcoloniaux répondre à ces questions litigieuses. Comprendre les droits fonciers nécessite une compréhension des institutions qui gouvernent et administrent la terre. En conséquence, le présent document examine fonciers et immobiliers dispositions clés des époques coloniale et postcoloniale dans ces deux états. De même, la compréhension des droits de la femme exige une compréhension des considérations sociales et culturelles de la situation des femmes dans la société islamique, ainsi que les mouvements des droits des femmes et les droits du discours de femmes qui a émergé en Tunisie et au Maroc.Ce document contient cinq parties. Partie I étudie la relation entre les institutions extractives, les récits de développement, et le système judiciaire dans les états coloniaux et postcoloniaux. Partie II examine les droits fonciers dans la coloniale et postcoloniale Tunisie et le Maroc, ainsi que les institutions qui gouvernent et administrent les terres dans ces deux états. Les parties III et IV examinent la construction juridique de l'égalité dans postcoloniale Tunisie et le Maroc. Ces pièces détaillera également l'émergence de puissants mouvements de défense des droits des femmes et des discours sur les droits des femmes dans les deux états. Partie V conclut en discutant de l'importance des droits fonciers des femmes et les défis et opportunités pour la sécurisation des droits fonciers solides des femmes en Tunisie et au Maroc.
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Цибух, О. В., and O. V. Tsybukh. "Філософсько-правові засади комунікативної раціональності у міжнародно-правовому дискурсі: дисертація." Thesis, ЛьвДУВС, 2011. http://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/handle/1234567890/827.
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Цибух О. В. Філософсько-правові засади комунікативної раціональності у міжнародно-правовому дискурсі: дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата юридичних наук за спеціальністю 12.00.12 – філософія права / Цибух Олена Валеріївна. – Львів: Львівський державний університет внутрішніх справ , 2011. - 219 с.Дисертація є першим в Україні комплексним дослідженням, присвяченим встановленню філософсько-правових засад комунікативної раціональності у міжнародно-правовому дискурсі, а також розробці науково обґрунтованих міжнародно-правових заходів, спрямованих на підвищення ефективності цього процесу. Встановлено філософсько-правовий зміст комунікативної раціональності та схарактеризовано її сутність на рівні міжнародно-правового дискурсу. Визначено філософсько-правовий контекст структурування українських комунікативних позицій у новому світопорядку, схарактеризовано правові рамки міжнародної взаємодії у перемовних процесах держав та окреслено18 дискурс-онтологічні локалізації правового забезпечення геостратегічних шансів України.The thesis is considered to be the first complex study in Ukraine devoted to the formation of philosophical and legal grounds of communicative rationality in international legal discourse, and the development of scientifically international legal measures, aimed at increasing the effectiveness of this process. The philosophical and legal concept of the communicative rationality is determined and its essence within the international legal discourse. The philosophical and legal context of classification of communicative positions from the new point of view is defined, the legal frameworks of international interaction in nation’s negotiative processes are characterized, and the discourseanthological locations of legal maintenance of geostrategic chances in Ukraine are outlined.