Dissertations / Theses: 'Legal protection of cultural heritage'

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Jote, Kifle. "International legal protection of cultural heritage /." Stockholm : Juristförlaget, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37165744h.

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Tadesse, Wessen Shiferaw. "Cultural Heritage Protection in Ethiopia : A Historical Trajectory of Institutions and Legal Frameworks." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0058.

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Cette thèse de doctorat étudie la trajectoire historique des politiques et des institutions du patrimoine culturel en Ethiopie avec un accent particulier sur le XXe siècle. S'appuyant principalement sur des documents d'archives et des textes législatifs que j'ai rassemblés dans des archives en Éthiopie et en France, cette étude montre comment l'institutionnalisation de la protection du patrimoine culturel en Éthiopie a intégré divers modèles culturels, politiques et économique au fil des siècles. Les politiques patrimoniales mises en œuvre sous les trois derniers régimes politiques - le gouvernement impérial, le gouvernement socialiste et le gouvernement fédéral - reflètent la structure sociopolitique de base et les hypothèses idéologiques des régimes respectifs. Contrairement à ce qui s'est passé dans certains pays européens, où l'État a confisqué le patrimoine culturel et assumé la responsabilité de sa gestion, la prise en charge de la protection du patrimoine culturel en Éthiopie est largement restée hors du cadre des institutions d'Etat, tant dans le domaine ecclésiastique que laïque. Outre l'évolution historique des cadres juridiques et institutionnels du patrimoine culturel en Ethiopie, la thèse examine également la signification étymologique du patrimoine dans certaines langues éthiopiennes et explore les diverses manifestations de la perception et de la pratique du patrimoine dans le pays. La thèse soutient que l'ambition, la rhétorique et la pratique de la modernisation depuis le début du XXe siècle ont eu un impact plus profond sur la conception du patrimoine culturel et sur l'institutionnalisation de sa protection. En restituant les notions relatives au patrimoine dans une longue durée spécifique à l'Ethiopie, la thèse souhaite contribuer à ce que les politiques engagées pour la protection du patrimoine culturel ne dépendent pas seulement de modèles exogène de développement et de gestion, mais puissent respecter intégrer les conceptions et pratiques locales qui font elles-mêmes partie du patrimoine national
This dissertation investigates the general conditions under which the institutionalization of cultural heritage protection has taken place in a historical perspective with particular emphasis on the twentieth century. Its main objective is to study and reconstruct a historical trajectory of cultural heritage policies and institutions in Ethiopia. Based primarily on archival documents and legislative texts, which I collected from archives in Ethiopia and France, it argues that the institutionalization of cultural heritage protection in Ethiopia has undergone through centuries of social and political influences. It claims that the series of cultural heritage policies and institutions put in place under the last three political regimes- the imperial government, the socialist government and the federal government- reflect the basic sociopolitical structure and ideological assumptions of the respective regimes. This doctoral thesis explores the historical trajectory of cultural heritage policies and institutions in Ethiopia with a particular emphasis on the 20th century. Based primarily on archival documents and legislation that were collected in archives in Ethiopia and France, this study shows how the institutionalization of cultural heritage protection in Ethiopia has incorporated various cultural, political and economic models over the centuries. The heritage policies implemented under the last three political regimes - the imperial government, the socialist government and the federal government - reflect the basic socio-political structure and ideological assumptions of the respective regimes. Unlike in some European countries, where the State has confiscated cultural heritage and assumed responsibility for its management, the protection of cultural heritage in Ethiopia has largely remained outside the framework of State institutions, both in the ecclesiastical and secular spheres. In addition to the historical evolution of the legal and institutional frameworks of cultural heritage in Ethiopia, the thesis also examines the etymological significance of heritage in some Ethiopian languages and explores the various manifestations of heritage perception and practice in the country. The thesis argues that the ambition, rhetoric and practice of modernization since the early 20th century have left a deeper impact on the conception of cultural heritage and the institutionalization of its protection. By restoring notions relating to heritage over a long period of time specific to Ethiopia, the thesis aims to contribute to ensuring that policies for the protection of cultural heritage do not depend solely on exogenous models of development and management, but can respect local conceptions and practices that themselves are part of the national heritage

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Dromgoole, Sarah. "Law and the underwater cultural heritage : a legal framework for the protection of the underwater cultural heritage of the United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308336.

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Hiranras, Nilobon. "The intellectual property and alternative legal protection for Thai cultural heritage properties, traditional knowledge and products." Thesis, Durham University, 2015. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/11704/.

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This thesis comprises a study into whether the existing intellectual property regime, a sui generis system, or any adaptations or modifications of them have been successfully adopted for protecting both tangible and intangible cultural property and traditional knowledge of Thailand. How other developing countries have dealt with misappropriation issues and the limitations of the current intellectual property regime has also been studied. A number of concerns about and obstacles to traditional knowledge have been pointed out: the existing intellectual property system may have increased the risk of misappropriation or unauthorised use of traditional knowledge without consent; most developing countries have no comprehensive national policies or legal frameworks covering traditional knowledge; lack of effective legislation, authorities and mechanisms associated with intellectual property; the high cost of intellectual property procedures and management; the threat to the intellectual and cultural property rights of indigenous peoples; loss of cultural traditions/ articles and biodiversity; problems with maintaining and passing on cultural expression; as well as inequitable benefit-sharing and remedies. Intellectual property rights and traditional knowledge have become increasingly controversial globally, and sometimes they overlap. Due to the presumption that traditional knowledge is in the public domain, the current intellectual property rights regime can not efficiently and appropriately protect traditional knowledge and traditional cultural expressions/folklore, or provide equitable sharing for indigenous and local communities. Sometimes domestic legislation is insufficient, incompatible or in conflict with international intellectual property norms and policies. The most feasible solutions need to be rigorous, but flexible enough to cover the various forms of traditional knowledge and access to the generic resources of individual communities. Policy-making, development of categorisation and management of biodiversity data and local knowledge systems, effective strategies and mechanisms, international co-operation and support all need to be taken into consideration. It would be ideal to have a single legal system to protect all forms of intellectual property; unfortunately, in reality, this is impossible. However, depending on the capacity of governments and the readiness of their people, alternative or sui generis rights or a combination of any regimes of both preventive and positive protection could be developed and adapted and play a complementary role to balance the interests of all parties, while the general public can still access appropriate usage and benefits. Various ideas and alternative solutions from the different perspectives of international forums and other countries are gathered, analysed, proposed and recommended here for Thailand in particular.

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Souza, Lara Melo. "Chaminés e arranha-céus: uma abordagem sobre o processos e prática da preservação na metrópole paulista." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/16/16133/tde-30012012-103006/.

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Na atual conjuntura de entendimento e prática no campo patrimonial, em se tratando de contextos urbanos, o tema parece passar a ser obrigatoriamente a cidade e não objetos isolados de seu entorno. Este trabalho tem como ponto de partida estudar o patrimônio cultural desde a perspectiva da cidade, do espaço urbano. Como objetivo geral, a pesquisa procura identificar e entender que tipos de relações são estabelecidas entre a cidade e seu patrimônio cultural; procura entender, na verdade, o patrimônio cultural como uma questão urbana e não ilhado em si mesmo, uma questão a ser incluída numa discussão de âmbito maior, que deixa de tratar da sua própria concretude para pensá-lo na dimensão da ordenação e organização do espaço urbano. Optou-se por se utilizar a cidade de São Paulo como objeto de estudo por identificar uma prática carente deste tipo de reflexão. Tenta-se estabelecer parâmetros de atuação sobre o ambiente urbano, confrontando a visão do planejamento com as políticas de patrimônio. A intenção é observar como a cidade, na figura do planejamento, da percepção e das ações que refletem os diversos interesses sobre a vida urbana, lida com a sua própria memória, através do tratamento das estruturas que representam sua cultura e sua identidade; como são absorvidas, entendidas e preservadas. No recorte específico, discute-se através da análise do tombamento dos Galpões da Mooca, um processo representativo recente no âmbito do CONPRESP, órgão de preservação do município de São Paulo, que abrange significativa área urbana, o papel do planejamento enquanto procedimento para a preservação do patrimônio e o atual descompasso existente, resultando em ações remediadoras da política de patrimônio. Reflete-se sobre o que de fato são as conseqüências desta ação rebatida no espaço e se ela é traduzida na preservação almejada para a região. A dissertação está dividida em três capítulos. O primeiro trata da dimensão do objeto - as chaminés -, procurando entender o motivo por que se preservar. O segundo capítulo tem como tema o objeto em transformação - as chaminés e os arranha-céus -, mostrando a tentativa de proteção e a iminente mudança de padrão. O terceiro e último capítulo coloca a variante do urbanismo - as chaminés, os arranha-céus e a metrópole -, e fala de como as transformações são balizadas dentro do planejamento para a área.
At present, the latest theory and practice of cultural heritage, as far as urban contexts are concerned, points out to the fact that the important issue do to be dealt with is the city, rather than isolated objects from their surroundings. The starting point of this research is to approach cultural heritage from the urban perspective, dealing with the urban space. The main goal is to identify and understand which relations are established between urban space and its cultural heritage, and to understand cultural heritage as an urban problem, not as an isolated object. This may lead to a wider discussion, not only dealing with cultural heritage in its own material substance, but also including its dimension as an agent of the arrangement of urban space. The city of São Paulo was chosen to be the study case, since its present situation makes it evident that this kind of thinking is in need. The attempt is to establish parameters that would help improve the action within the urban environment, as result of confronting the urban planning perspective to the heritage policies so far. The intention is to observe how the city, from the urban planning point of view and the actions that reflect the diverse interests of urban life, handles its own memory and how the elements that represent its culture and identity are absorbed, understood and preserved. The problem will be approached through the discussion and analysis of the legal protection of a significant former industrial area in São Paulo, the Mooca neighborhood, implemented by the municipal preservationist public institution (CONPRESP). The discussion will point out the mismatch between the urban planning and the cultural heritage preservation policies, that results in the current misuse of the heritage preservation procedures as healing actions to the urban planning. The research tries to consider what actually are the consequences of this action reflected in space and if it is translated into the desired protection for the region. The thesis is divided into three chapters. The first one is about the dimensions of the object itself - the chimneys, or the former industrial neighborhood and its importance - trying to understand why it should be preserved. The second chapter is about the object being transformed - the chimneys and the skyscrapers, or the recent transformation - showing the attempt to protect it and the imminent occupation pattern change. In the third and final chapter is added the urbanism theory - the chimneys, the skyscrapers and the metropolis or how the transformation could be combined to memory preservation - and tells about how the transformations in the area are guided in the existing urban plan.

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Kong, Yuk-foon Doreen, and 江玉歡. "The three musketeers in heritage conservation: a study of the existing legal framework for effectiveurban conservation in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48345155.

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“Actions are better than words.” Since the establishment of The Culture and Heritage Commission in 2000, the Hong Kong Government has been trying to review the situation and devise policies for conservation for Hong Kong. Various Government departments had prepared working papers or research reports to review the problems on heritage conservation and the limitations of our system since 2000. One of the obvious restrictions in the system is the existing conservation legislation. Notwithstanding the announcement of the built heritage conservation policy by the former Chief Executive, Mr. Donald Tsang, in 2007, the Government still takes no active and comprehensive measures in reviewing and amending the legislation. As Mr. Donald Tsang once said, collective memory is a great concern of the public in Hong Kong. It seems that if the conservation legislation is not on the agenda for review in the near future, some of the heritage buildings under threat will really become our collective memory. This dissertation will aim at giving an introduction of the existing conservation legislation of Hong Kong and from a brief case comparison with the conservation legislation in Macau and Singapore, one is not difficult to identify the limitations of our existing legislation and the areas for improvement.
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Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation

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Boch, Queli Mewius. "Fundamentos jurídicos do meio ambiente criado e os principais instrumentos de proteção do patrimônio ambiental cultural material." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2011. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/588.

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O meio ambiente cultural, composto de natureza e cultura, é parte integrante do direito ambiental, e sua proteção caracteriza-se como direito constitucional fundamental de todo cidadão, vez que visa a manter viva a história e identidade de um povo, evitando dissipar a geração antecedente daquelas que ainda estão por vir. A preservação do patrimônio ambiental cultural pode ser considerada como o direito à preservação do meio ambiente cultural, que é meio para a garantia da sadia qualidade de vida humana. Os valores que retratam a proteção do patrimônio ambiental cultural estão presentes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, com previsão constitucional, infraconstitucional e legislações esparsas, com caráter nacional e internacional, voltadas à proteção desse patrimônio de forma abrangente. A tutela do patrimônio ambiental cultural, que porta referência à ação, à memória e à identidade do povo brasileiro, encontra guarida nos principais instrumentos jurídicos de tutela administrativa e judicial dos bens culturais, bem como naqueles de ordem local, regulamentados no Estatuto da Cidade e executados pelo Plano Diretor Municipal, os quais buscam tutelar e fiscalizar a proteção que faz jus o patrimônio cultural, mantendo preservado o meio ambiente cultural, histórico e paisagístico de uma comunidade, resguardando suas memórias históricas, suas origens, seus costumes e, em especial, sua identidade. A preservação do meio ambiente histórico e cultural de uma localidade, cidade ou região, deve ser incentivada na atual sociedade, pela própria comunidade local, que deverá reconhecer o valor intrínseco de cada bem que pretende ver preservado, bem como mediante políticas públicas que visem não deixar cair no esquecimento a história do povo que a colonizou, evitando dissipar a memória da geração antecedente.
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The cultural environment, consisting of nature and culture, is an integral part of environmental law and its protection is characterized as a fundamental constitutional right of every citizen, as it seeks to keep alive the history and identity of a people, preventing the absorption of previous generation from those who are yet to come. The preservation of cultural heritage environment can be considered as the right to preservation of cultural environment, which is the way to guarantee healthy quality of life. The values that reflect the cultural heritage protection environment are present in Brazilian law, with constitutional and infra-constitutional provision and sparse legislation, with national and international character, that aim to protect this heritage in a comprehensive manner. The preservation of the cultural heritage environment, which carries a reference to action, memory and identity of the Brazilian people, find shelter in the main legal instruments for administrative and judicial protection of cultural property, as well as those of local order, regulated by the Statute of the City and performed by the Municipal Master Plan, which seek to protect and enforce the protection that lives up the cultural heritage preserved by keeping the cultural environment, history and landscape of a community, protecting its historic memories, their origins, their habits and, in particular, their identity. The preservation of historic and cultural environment of a city, town or region should be encouraged in today´s society, by the local community itself, which should recognize the intrinsic value of each item you want to see preserved as well as through public policies that do not allow the history of the colonized people to be forgotten, avoiding dispel the memory of the previous generation.

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Dragasi, E. "The legislative process in developing cultural heritage protection policy in Greece with particular reference to the protection of cultural heritage in law 3028/2002." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1443159/.

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This thesis explores the discourse of cultural heritage internationalism and nationalism as they were expressed within the broader theoretical discourse in the cultural heritage field, as well as their expressions during the making of Greek Law 3028/2002 on the Protection of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage in General. More particularly, this research investigates the underlying interests of powerful groups, motivations of actors, ideological beliefs, and the origins of conflicting interests on cultural heritage protection within Greece during the making of this particular Law in comparison to the theoretical debate over cultural heritage ownership and control of its use, value and meaning. Furthermore, it explains the origins of conflicting interests, power relations, and motivations of actors, groups and institutions in their attempt to dominate, accumulate capital, distinguish themselves and maintain their social position in the cultural heritage discourse by adopting Bourdieu’s theories of habitus and practice. Analysis of archival material from various primary and secondary sources constituted the methodological framework alongside interviews with officials, specialist lawyers, and academics in Greece. My thesis reviews specific examples of Greek law and policy by looking into trends that show how the ideas of cultural heritage nationalism have been reflected in Greek legislation to protect material representations and identities from the foundation of the Greek state in 1830, when Greece gained independence from the Ottomans, until the enactment of the current Law 3028/2002. Additionally, it examines the journey of this particular Bill of Law 3028/2002 throughout its legislative stages, analyses the main factors that necessitated a new cultural heritage protection law, and evaluates the policy priorities behind the Bill. The in-depth analysis of the lengthy discussions that took place during the making of Law 3028/2002 at three different stages of the legislative process indicated interwoven and structured dynamics between international and national arrangements in Greece’s case and that all forms of internationalism had an element of a ‘built-in’ nationalism. This evidence-based approach revealed, empirically, that during the enactment of the Law actors expressing both sides of the debate,attempted to systematise and orchestrate their ‘voices’ according to their practices, beliefs and personal interests in order to control the use and value of heritage exclusively, and maintain their ownership rights and social status.

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Lee, Ka-yin Anna, and 李家賢. "Urban governance and cultural heritage conservation in Guangzhou." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206346.

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The pursuit of cultural heritage conservation is particularly problematic in China as the country has been undergoing substantial changes in its governance processes in the post-reform era. As the regime becomes less authoritarian and more pluralized, a multitude of stakeholders (both state and non-state), are now involved in promoting, constructing, challenging and safeguarding a variety of meanings and values in heritage. This thesis incorporates an urban governance lens to examine the policy and practical problems in conserving urban built heritage in contemporary China. This approach offers a new perspective in understanding the distribution of authority and power between the state and society as well as its effect on the management of public affairs. The reconfigurations of the role of the state, market and civil society have ushered in a new phase of urban politics that have enormous implications for built heritage conservation practices. As a result of reforms, conventional stakeholders have assumed new roles in politics; meanwhile, an increasing variety and number of new stakeholders connected to the non-state sector have also emerged; and their relationships and interactions with the state have become increasingly complex. An urban governance perspective draws attention to the new arrangements embedded in these relationships, which have profoundly impacted the decision-making processes in conservation, re-shaped the interpretation of heritage values, re-defined the scope of heritage and re-thought the use of heritage in Guangzhou. By employing a case-study approach, this thesis provides a detailed analysis of the conservation efforts undertaken by various stakeholder groups in Guangzhou in the post-reform era. Guangzhou is one of the country’s designated historic cities; it is also the provincial capital of Guangdong and has experienced rapid marketization over the past three decades. Three district-specific cases are selected to provide an in-depth analysis on the changing relationships among concerned stakeholders. The case of Shamian Island demonstrates the rigidity and constraints of central-local relation; while the case of Xinhepu discloses the evolving state-market relation. Finally, the case of Enning Road examines the rise of non-state stakeholders and their power struggle against the state. These cases were selected because each of them covers a particular heritage aspect that is directly related to the three-pronged national conservation hierarchical framework. The findings in the three cases respectively reveal the intricacies of conservation politics: the bureaucratic politics in the management and conservation of designated heritage; the struggle between state and society over what legitimate type of history is considered as “national” history and the maintenance of its local significance; and the operation-cum-conservation of heritage assets by market forces in China’s transitional economy. The findings of this thesis contribute to a broadened understanding of the changing roles and functions of the state, market and civil society in China’s transitional period; thus revealing the major deficiencies in the existing institutional and managerial frameworks for built heritage conservation in Guangzhou. This thesis also documents the impacts and outcomes of the actions of various state and non-state stakeholders on the prospect of built heritage conservation at an urban scale in China.
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Geography
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

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DiPaolo, Andrea. "Space law and the protection of cultural heritage: the uncertain fate of humanity's heritage in space." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=121600.

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As numerous governments and commercial entities plan ambitious expeditions into outer space and to celestial bodies, humanity's heritage in space is threatened. This Thesis examines the protections currently available to those objects and sites that represent the great achievements of humankind in using and exploring space, with a focus on Tranquility Base, the Apollo 11 landing site. Existing protections are analyzed under both cultural heritage law and space law, focusing primarily on the language of relevant treaties in these fields. There have been several endeavors undertaken in the United States to protect the Apollo landing sites in general and Tranquility Base in particular. These actions are reviewed herein for appropriateness and efficacy. Recommendations to optimize the protection of space heritage in the future are then presented. This Thesis concludes that the most effective approach, which is also likely to succeed, consists of a multi-step process including unilateral actions, bilateral treaties, and a multilateral soft law solution, ideally culminating in a multilateral treaty, and possibly leading to the formation of customary international law. Fundamentally, cooperation and good faith are the cornerstones of any solution to this issue of international law. It is important that the legal rules governing interaction with and preservation of these objects and sites be clearly determined to avoid irreversible damage to a unique and irreplaceable resource.
Alors que de nombreux gouvernements et entités commerciales prévoient d'ambitieuses expéditions dans l'espace extra-atmosphérique et dans les corps célestes, le patrimoine de l'humanité dans l'espace est menacé. Cette thèse examine les protections actuellement disponibles pour les objets et sites qui représentent les grandes réalisations de l'humanité concernant l'utilisation et l'exploration de l'espace, avec une attention particulière portée sur la Base de la Tranquillité, le site d'atterrissage d'Apollo 11. Les protections existantes sont analysées en vertu du droit du patrimoine culturel et du droit de l'espace, et se concentrent principalement sur le langage des traités en ces domaines. Il y a eu plusieurs tentatives menées aux États-Unis pour protéger les sites d'atterrissage d'Apollo, en particulier concernant la Base de la Tranquillité. Ces mesures sont examinées dans les développements de la thèse afin d'évaluer leur pertinence et leur efficacité. Les recommandations pour optimiser la protection du patrimoine de l'espace dans le futur sont ensuite présentées. Cette thèse conclut que l'approche la plus efficace, qui est également la plus susceptible de réussir, consiste en un processus en plusieurs étapes, comprenant des mesures unilatérales, des traités bilatéraux et une solution multilatérale de soft law, aboutissant idéalement à un traité multilatéral, et pouvant éventuellement conduire à la formation de droit international coutumier. Fondamentalement, la coopération et la bonne foi sont les pierres angulaires de toute solution à ce problème de droit international. Il est important que les règles juridiques régissant l'interaction et la préservation de ces objets et de ces sites soient clairement déterminées, afin d'éviter que des dommages irréversibles ne soient causés à une ressource unique et irremplaçable.

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Kwan, Chun-wing Newton, and 關雋永. "Stakeholder engagement in cultural heritage management in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43981793.

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Zanatta, Humberto Gabbi. "PATRIMÔNIO CULTURAL, INTERESSE LOCAL E PROTEÇÃO LEGAL." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2011. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10973.

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The contemporary time, one of many dynamic changes, of conceptual, methodological and epistemology reviews and re-studies not only change the solidity of paradigms but also make emerge new subjects of concrete rights and new subjects of theoretical approaches. Culture, along with its many meanings, and the Cultural Estate expressing the process dynamics of historical identities of subjects and communities, are themselves in this dialectics of the contemporary. Through this paper: Cultural Estate, Local Interest and Legal Protection, it is intended to dialogue with approaches, principles and concepts of Culture and Cultural Estate, aiming to understand its historical and contemporary most appropriate meanings for the transforming understanding which they bring about and make possible. From this process understanding of Culture and Cultural Estate, it is aimed to establish an essential relation between the constitution legislation that defines the City as a federal entity which is competent to legislate about the Local Interest and this competence is inherent to it. Once this competence is established, it is attempted to locate this Local Interest as a cultural (local) interest once there must be physical and territorial spaces and human beings for these interests to happen, making people s lives and their communities more dynamic. Over these cultural, historical and physical spaces, the indicatives of Cultural Estate have responsibility. Finally, established the mutual inter- and intra- correlation among the meanings of Culture, Cultural Estate, a set of legal and administrative instruments that might help promote and protect the Culture Estate suitably and effectively are explored.
Os tempos contemporâneos, de muitas e dinâmicas mudanças, de revisões e reestudos conceituais, metodológicos e epistemológicos não apenas alteram a solidez de paradigmas, mas também fazem emergir novos sujeitos de direitos concretos e novos sujeitos de abordagens teóricas. A Cultura, na gama variada de seus múltiplos significados e o Patrimônio Cultural, expressando a dinâmica processual de identidades históricas de indivíduos e comunidades, inscrevem-se nessa dialética da contemporaneidade. Através deste trabalho Patrimônio Cultural, Interesse Local e Proteção Legal pretende-se dialogar com abordagens, princípios e conceitos de Cultura e Patrimônio Cultural, procurando compreender seus enunciados históricos e contemporâneos mais apropriados e consentâneos com o entendimento transformador que eles suscitam e possibilitam. A partir desse entendimento processual de Cultura e Patrimônio Cultural, quer se estabelecer a relação precípua existente entre a legislação constitucional que define o Município como ente federado e sua competência para legislar sobre o Interesse Local que lhe é próprio e inerente. Estabelecida esta competência, busca-se situar este Interesse Local como interesse (local) cultural na medida em que devem existir espaços físico-territoriais e seres humanos para que os interesses efetivamente ocorram e aconteçam, dinamizando a vida de indivíduos e comunidades que, sobre e nesses espaços físico-histórico-culturais, denotativos de Patrimônio Cultural, tem responsabilidade. Por fim, estabelecida a inter/intra correlação entre os significados de Cultura, Patrimônio Cultural, Interesse Local, Interesse Cultural Local, indicase, como resultado desta proposta do Mestrado Profissionalizante em Patrimônio Cultural, um conjunto de instrumentos legais e administrativos que podem ajudar a que se promova e se proteja, adequada e eficazmente, o Patrimônio Cultural.

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Woodhead, Charlotte Cassandra. "A critical analysis of the legal and quasi-legal recognition of the underlying principles and norms of cultural heritage." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/37242.

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Certain things, places and practices are valuable to particular individuals, communities, nations or to mankind to such a degree that the loss or destruction would be a misfortune to the culture, identity, heritage or religious practices of those people(s). For the purposes of this thesis, cultural heritage represents the intangible aspect of these important things, places and practices. It will be argued that despite the existence of various cultural heritage principles which represent the different types of value, public legacy and associated norms with its subject matter, these principles are not always effectively upheld in the governing legal regime, although a body of principles akin to legal ones has developed, from professional practice, codes of ethics and non-legal decision-making bodies. Recent legal intervention has responded to political imperatives at the risk of a clear and consistent regime to effectively meet the underlying principles of cultural heritage. The most effective means of fulfilling these principles and norms is by treating cultural heritage as an intangible legal concept, akin to property which in its English common law form is really a bundle of rights associated with things tangible or intangible rather than simply ownership and possession or the physical things themselves. In this thesis a system is proposed whereby decision-makers take account of the intangible nature in a holistic manner within a legal framework. Consequently it would facilitate the allocation of entitlement to the subject matter of cultural heritage in seemingly conflicting claims and would more effectively uphold the cultural heritage principles and norms The thesis will be tested in the context of cultural heritage objects.

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Li, Sok-ching, and 李淑青. "Building sustainable cities: a comparative analysis of heritage conservation in Hong Kong and Macau." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45014103.

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MacKintosh, Robert Finlay. "The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage : implementation and effectiveness." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/426894/.

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The 2001 UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage entered into force in 2009. Little is known of how, or even if, it is being implemented. This study examines the implementation of the Convention in its States Parties and investigates the reasons behind the observed levels of implementation. Through an investigation of the presence or absence of certain indicators in the national legislation of States Parties to the Convention, it is apparent that there is a low level of compliance with the 2001 Convention. Further, the Convention has so far had a very limited legal effect. From this examination of legal effectiveness, conclusions about the interpretation of certain ambiguous provisions of the Convention are also possible. In particular, there are a small number of indications that the ambiguities in Articles 9 and 10 of the Convention are being interpreted in favour of the coastal State, suggesting an increasing territorialisation of the EEZ. Interviews of relevant actors were conducted in five case study States. This allowed an examination of the other effects of the Convention and causes of the lack of implementation to be suggested. It is concluded that it is largely factors relating to the States themselves, most notably issues with capacity, that are causing this lack of effect. Finally, suggestions are made which could improve the effectiveness of the Convention and increase the protection of underwater cultural heritage around the world.

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Perez-Alvaro, Elena. "Challenging the taken-for-granted in the management of underwater cultural heritage : ethical and legal perspectives." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6178/.

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Management of cultural heritage depends on ethical decisions. These ethical decisions will bestow the heritage with a value and will protect it by establishing legal frameworks. However, sometimes, these legal frameworks can have the opposite effect and damage the heritage if they are not continuously revised and updated according to the new ethical challenges of the development in the field of cultural heritage. Although underwater cultural heritage has a legislative element that protects it from the relatively minor threat of treasure hunters, it pays little attention to ethical concerns that expose the heritage to more serious menaces. This study proposes (contrary to the traditional view of land heritage management as an example to underwater heritage management) a new vision where underwater cultural heritage challenges principles that in land heritage management have been taken for granted: valuation, use, management and preservation. The work presents four case studies as models both for illustrating the key ethical issues and for offering solutions: the violin of the Titanic, ancient lead for particle physics experiments, watery graves and the effects of climate change on underwater cultural heritage. Finally this work explores themes of value, ethics and the process in which a common object becomes heritage.

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Chan, Chi-yau, and 陳智柔. "Safeguarding intangible cultural heritage in Hong Kong: a lesson to learn from Cantonese opera." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4834428X.

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Intangible cultural heritage (henceforth ICH), a living expression of indigenous culture and traditions, have been orally transmitted through generations. As the heritage bearers are usually aged and have mere opportunities to pass on their knowledge to young practitioners, ICH are disappearing at a rapid pace. Safeguarding ICH is a battle against time. Since the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (henceforth the Convention) was adopted in 2003, China has been proactive in participating in the Convention and safeguarding its ICH. Ratified the Convention on 2 December 2004, China was the sixth out of the 143 State Members deposited the Convention1. China’s prompt response to the Convention could show how determined she was in safeguarding its ICH. Hong Kong agreed to apply the Convention in December 2004 but the early adoption of the Convention did not help Hong Kong to keep its pace on safeguarding ICH. During the 6 years practice of safeguarding ICH since 2006, China had already built its ICH inventory through announcing 3 batches of National ICH List and inscribing 2500 plus elements, established a ICH Transmitters List with 1400 plus transmitters, and most importantly, adopted the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Law (henceforth the China ICH Law). In contrast, Hong Kong has not even completed its territory-wide survey until now for its first batch of inventory, not to mention setting up a safeguarding ICH policy. Hong Kong’s achievement in safeguarding ICH so far is inscribing Cantonese Opera onto The Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (henceforth the UNESCO Representative List) with joint effort from Macao and Guangdong in 2009; inscribing Cantonese Opera and Chinese Herbal Tea onto the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List (henceforth the National ICH List) with joint effort from Macao and Guangdong in 2006. However, the first time Hong Kong successfully inscribe ICH elements onto the National ICH List with its own effort was in 2011, five years after its ICH safeguarding ICH work kicked off. Meanwhile, Hong Kong has paid a lot more effort in safeguarding Cantonese Opera. There have been research to preserve scripts and masterpieces; there is an advisory committee and a fund set up to dedicatedly support Cantonese Opera; new Cantonese Opera venues are developing by the Government; a programme developing young troupe for inheriting the skills from Cantonese Opera masters is set up. In this dissertation, I will study the safeguarding ICH progress made in UNESCO, China, Hong Kong and safeguarding Cantonese Opera progress in Hong Kong in terms of different safeguarding measures as defined by UNESCO. From the comparison between the safeguarding progress of Hong Kong on ICH and Cantonese Opera respectively, answers can be found to improve the safeguarding ICH situation in Hong Kong.
published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation

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Albaghdadi, Yousef. "La protection juridique du patrimoine culturel en Lybie (1835-2017)." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD004/document.

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La protection juridique du patrimoine culturel en Lybie a connu deux périodes distinctes. La première avant 1869 se caractérisait par l’absence de législation spécifique. Les vestiges apparents et les pièces archéologiques transportables étaient exposés au pillage et au marchandage tandis que le patrimoine immatériel se transmettait par une mémoire populaire qui perdait au fil du temps une partie de son héritage culturel. La seconde période, à partir du mitan du XIXe siècle, est marquée pour le patrimoine libyen par une volonté de protection. Il a connu depuis 1869 jusqu’à nos jours et après l’indépendance, différentes étapes et divers degrés dans la préservation de biens culturels d’un point de vue juridique.Cette recherche doctorale s’intéresse particulièrement à ces quelques 150 années où l’intérêt a été porté à la définition du patrimoine et à la vision de la loi musulmane sur le patrimoine car l’héritage religieux reste très ancré dans l’esprit des gens et constitue une entrave à l’acceptation de plusieurs formes de patrimoine culturel.A partir des différents pouvoirs qui se sont exercés sur le territoire libyen, il est permis de saisir les apports et les limites, les influences et les évolutions, les enjeux et les acteurs, les dispositions normatives et leur application pendant la période ottomane puis l’occupation italienne et enfin l’administration militaire britannique. Ces deux pays européens se sont intéressés à la seule protection du patrimoine culturel matériel et à sa redécouverte. Comme en d’autres espaces, le patrimoine immatériel n’a bénéficié d’une attention particulière de ces deux administrations.Après la proclamation de l’indépendance, l’intérêt porté au patrimoine culturel a été moindre malgré les nombreuses lois et les résolutions promulguées favorables à l’émergence d’un droit national du patrimoine et destinée à protéger les richesses culturelles en raison de la découverte d’importantes quantités de pétrole. Le pays alors oriente son économie vers l’exploitation d’une rente impliquant l’abandon des autres ressources du pays. L’économie a alors été privilégiée et l’Etat n’a donné aucune importance au développement du tourisme archéologique.Par ailleurs, la conscience de l’importance du patrimoine comme constitutive de l’identité culturelle du peuple n’a pas été ancrée dans l’esprit de la plupart des citoyens, notamment à cause des programmes d’enseignement ne faisant pas état de la question patrimoniale. Par contre, ils étaient saturés de sujets nationalistes discriminatoires pour lutter contre la diversité culturelle intérieure et extérieure. La propagande de l’ancien régime s’est efforcée d’agir ainsi durant les décennies. Avec la chute du régime du colonel Kadhafi en 2011, une nouvelle législation patrimoniale a permis de prendre en considération de nouveaux domaines. De possibles évolutions sont à attendre de l’influence des conventions internationales.Cette thèse, par une analyse de l’évolution de la protection juridique du patrimoine culturel libyen et la mise à disposition du corpus normatif élaboré au cours des siècles, est une première étape pour de futures recherches relatives au patrimoine culturel et plus largement à la question du droit libyen
The juristic protection of cultural heritage in Libya has been divided into two distinct periods. The first before 1869 was characterized by the absence of specific legislation. Apparent remains and transportable archaeological pieces were exposed to pillage and bargaining, while intangible heritage was transmitted through a popular memory that lost part of its cultural heritage over time. The second period, from the mid-nineteenth century, is marked for the Libyan heritage by a desire for protection. From 1869 to the present and after independence, it has had different stages and varying degrees in the preservation of cultural property from a legal point of view.This doctoral research is particularly interested in the last 150 years when the definition of the heritage and the vision of the Muslim law on the heritage were taken into account, because the religious heritage remains deeply in the minds of the people and constitutes an obstacle to the acceptance of several forms of cultural heritage.From the various powers that have been exercised in Libyan territory, it is possible to understand the contributions and limits, the influences and developments, the stakes and the actors, the normative provisions and their application during the Ottoman period, Italian occupation and finally the British military administration. These two European countries have focused on the protection of the tangible cultural heritage and its rediscovery. As in other areas, intangible heritage has received special attention from both administrations.After the proclamation of independence, interest in cultural heritage was lessened despite the many laws and resolutions promulgated favorable to the emergence of a national heritage law and intended to protect cultural wealth due to the discovery large quantities of oil. The country then directs its economy towards the exploitation of a rent implying the abandonment of the other resources of the country. The economy was privileged and the state gave no importance to the development of archaeological tourism.In addition, awareness of the importance of heritage as a constituent part of the cultural identity of the people has not been anchored in the minds of most citizens, in particular because of educational programs that do not Heritage issue. On the other hand, they were saturated with discriminatory nationalist subjects to combat internal and external cultural diversity. The propaganda of the old regime has tried to do so over the decades. With the collapse of the regime of Colonel Gaddafi in 2011, a new patrimonial legislation made it possible to take into consideration new areas. Possible developments can be expected from the influence of international conventions.This thesis, by analyzing the evolution of the legal protection of the Libyan cultural heritage and making available the normative corpus elaborated over the centuries, is a first step for future research on cultural heritage and more broadly on the question Of Libyan law

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Gärtner, Tanya, and Magnus Obermann. "The Role of the 'Coordinating State' in the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage: An analysis of the cooperative jurisdictional regime of the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001) including relevant state practice." Beiträge des UNESCO-Lehrstuhls für Internationale Beziehungen, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70871.

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The article at hand concerns itself with evaluating the impact the State Cooperation System has had on how underwater cultural heritage is dealt with in international waters. A total of six researched cases, including the infamous Titanic and the currently controversial San José, attest that the notion of the Coordinating State has yet to deliver a higher standard of protection for cultural assets underwater. Also, generic ramifications caused by the superficial configuration of the treaty, such as disregarding private stakeholders and elements of bureaucracy, are identified. The discontent with cooperative jurisdictional provisions seems to be omnipresent. This affirms the need for reforming the Convention itself, even in consideration of the sixth Meeting of State Parties’ Draft Ratification and Implementation Strategy. In order to provide a workable proposal for reform, the authors acknowledge the potential role model effect of existing systems of shared jurisdiction. In conclusion, it is suggested to upgrade the convention’s Scientific and Technical Advisory Body (STAB) and assign it the identification of underwater cultural heritage, notifying state parties with a verifiable link to the heritage site as well as taking emergency measures. This is consistent with missions the STAB has already deployed to assist state parties on-site and preliminary deliberations to strengthen the support and funding of the STAB in the aforementioned Draft Ratification and Implementation Strategy.

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Kulevičius, Salvijus. "Ideological Models of Lithuanian Heritage Protection and Their Practical Expression at the Soviet Period." Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101001_150702-45676.

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Heritage protection during the Soviet period is a phenomenon which involves the origins of some aspects of contemporary Lithuanian heritage protection. This period itself is evaluated in Lithuanian historiography in a contradictory way: on the one hand, it is proud of the achievements and it envisages resistanced, on the other hand, it tells about the biggest damage to heritage and Moscow dictate. The following question arises: What part of the present heritage protection is of “Lithuanian” origin and what part is the “Soviet” one? It is the subject that is analyzed in the dissertation. The traditional perspective – historical practices of the heritage, principles, divisions of conceptions into “good” and “bad” is rejected; instead of this, the ideological origins of that time heritage protection and the expressions of the ideas themselves are analyzed. The main subject of the research is the idea which is understood in the broadest sense, comprising the spheres of theory and practice, official and unofficial concepts, realized and unrealized plans. It is stated that the freedom to choose the ideological models of the heritage protection during the Soviet period depended on the sphere of the heritage protection: some of them were completely monopolized by Moscow, the others had the conditional freedom. It determined heterogeneous ideological origins of that time Lithuanian heritage protection. The most favourable environment for the Lithuanian will and self to spread was the... [to full text]
Sovietmečio paveldosauga yra reiškinys, kuriame glūdi kai kurių dabartinės Lietuvos paveldosaugos aspektų ištakos. Pati sovietmečio paveldosauga lietuviškoje istoriografijoje vertinama prieštaringai: viena vertus, didžiuojamasi pasiekimais ir įžvelgiama „konspiracinė rezistencija“, kita vertus, kalbama apie didžiausius paveldo nuostolius ir Maskvos diktatą. Kyla klausimas, kiek šios dabarties paveldosaugos ištakos yra „lietuviškos“, o kiek „sovietinės“ prigimties. Būtent tai ir nagrinėjama disertacijoje. Čia atsisakoma tradicinės perspektyvos – istorinių paveldosaugos praktikų, principų, sampratų dalijimo į „geras“ ir „blogas“; vietoj to gilinamasi į to meto paveldosaugos idėjines ištakas bei pačių idėjų raiškas. Idėja, pagrindinis šio tyrimo objektas, suprantama plačiausia prasme, apimant teorijos ir praktikos, oficialių ir neoficialių konceptų, realizuotų ir neįgyvendintų sumanymų sferas. Disertacijoje konstatuojama, kad paveldosaugos idėjinių modelių pasirinkimo laisvė sovietmečiu priklausė nuo paveldosaugos sferos: vienos jų buvo visiškai monopolizuotos Maskvos, kitoms suteikta sąlyginė laisvė. Tai lėmė to meto Lietuvos paveldosaugos idėjinių ištakų nevienalytiškumą. Palankiausia terpė lietuviškosios valios ar savasties skleidimuisi buvo paveldotvarkos elgsenos. Būtent čia laisviausiai galėjo reikštis tradiciniai (dar ikisovietiniais metais atsiradę) lietuvių tapatumo modeliai. Taip pat atskleidžiama, kad paveldosaugos idėjiniai modeliai Lietuvoje sovietmečiu gyvavo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

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Kruger, Cecilia. "Heritage resource management in South Africa : a case study of the Voortrekker Monument Heritage Site, Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25590.

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The major focus of this essay is the case study of the Voortrekker Monument Heritage Site in Pretoria, the introduction of a new management team in 1994 and the suggested manner in which the management could be improved. To place this particular case study in perspective, it was necessary in the first place, to look at the meaning of cultural resource- or heritage management and other related terms. It soon became apparent that no single term for this new discipline has been determined and that countries around the world differ greatly on this issue. South Africa uses the term Heritage Resource Management. An overview of cultural resources management (CRM) in other countries such as the U.S.A., Great Britain and some members of the Commonwealth, was also presented. Cultural resource management is a relatively new discipline in South Africa, and an historical overview, in which most of the relevant legislation was referred to, was undertaken. In comparison to other countries in the world, much less publications have been produced in South Africa. Most of these had been completed as dissertations or as papers for conferences. A detailed summary of all the relevant (directly or indirectly) legislation was compiled. In the last chapter, a case study of the Voortrekker Monument was undertaken. An attempt was made to provide adequate answers to the questions why?, how?, and who? should manage a heritage site. Answers to the question as to why a site should be managed, include the establishing of a cultural identity, the site's educational value, for research purposes and finally for its important role in the tourism industry. In the section on how to manage a site, aspects such as the identification and cultural significance of a site were discussed. The importance of a mission and a vision and key strategies, as well as policies were stressed. Resource management on the site includes conservation techniques, sustainable use and visitor management as well as heritage impact assessment. The site's financial management and the site's marketing were addressed in the last section. A heritage site must be managed by 'someone' and in the last section the 'who' (human resources) behind the management of the site, is discussed. Finally the hope is expressed that this dissertation will serve as a basis for a conservation management plan for the VTMHS and serve as a manual for other, similar heritage sites.
Dissertation (MA (Heritage and Museum Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2006.
Historical and Heritage Studies
unrestricted

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Turhalli, Zeynep. "La protection du patrimoine culturel des minorités en droit international." Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100188.

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Le patrimoine culturel des minorités comprend l’ensemble des œuvres matérielles et non matérielles de ses artistes et de ses savants, ainsi que les créations anonymes du groupe, comme la langue, les rites, les croyances, et les modes de vies, qui marquent l’identité culturelle du groupe et qui donnent un sens à la vie de ses membres.Comment protéger le patrimoine culturel de ces groupes et assurer leur contribution au patrimoine commun de l’humanité ?La première difficulté est le présupposé selon lequel la reconnaissance de l’identité culturelle collective de ces groupes dépend de leur reconnaissance juridique dans l’ordre juridique international. De ce point de vue, le droit international est un système constitué par et pour des personnes juridiques comme les États et les organisations internationales. La personne humaine ne trouve sa place dans cet ordre qu’en tant qu’individu sujet des droits de l’homme. Mais les entités comme les peuples, les minorités et les peuples autochtones ont besoin d’une reconnaissance juridique. La généralité du concept même de patrimoine culturel des minorités constitue un second obstacle. En l’absence de conventions explicites, le patrimoine culturel de ces groupes recouvre une réalité vaste et complexe, difficile à appréhender en droit. Dans cette thèse nous étudierons comment le droit international protège le patrimoine culturel des minorités. En effet, nous considérons que, bien qu’il n’existe toujours pas de définition précise et unifiée du patrimoine culturel, les développements juridiques récents démontrent bel et bien l’émergence d’une coutume internationale protégeant le patrimoine culturel des minorités
The cultural heritage of minorities comprises the works of its artists, its intellectuals, as well as all the creations arisen from its memory and the collective knowledge, such as the languages, the shared rituals, beliefs, and ways of life, those mark the cultural identity of the group and give the sense to the lives of its members. How to protect the cultural heritage of these groups and ensure their contribution to the common heritage of mankind? The first difficulty in this regard is the presumption that the cultural heritage of these groups is linked to their collective identity. Thus, the protection of the identity depends to the recognition of the group as the subject of international law. From this point of view, international law is a system made by and for the legal entities such as States and the international organizations. The individual finds its place in this order as subject of human rights. Nevertheless, collective entities like peoples, minorities and indigenous peoples need a legal recognition. On the other hand, the generality of the concept of cultural heritage it self is a second obstacle before its legal recognition. In the absence of explicit conventions defining it, the cultural heritage of these groups covers a vast and complex reality hard to recognize in legal terms. In this thesis we analyze how does international law protects the cultural heritage of minorities. We consider, although there is not still any clear and unified legal definition of cultural heritage, recent developments demonstrate the emergence of a customary international law protecting the cultural heritage of these groups

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Ribas, Giovanna Paola Primor. "O papel do judiciário na defesa do Patrimônio cultural." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2009. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/296.

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Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T14:42:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elementos pre-textuais.pdf: 135503 bytes, checksum: c93f36cd0fe08982e9f5cc186a2fb510 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-10
Contemporary Law is characterized by the passage of the Constitution to the center of the legal system. The effectiveness of constitutional rules requires a resizing of the role of the judiciary that has faced the paradox of a Constitution rich in rights and of practices that deny the application of such rights. The judiciary ceases to act as a mere mechanical applicator of pre-established rules and assume, with the advent of neoconstitutionalism, the responsibility for the realization of social rights as the right to preservation of the cultural environment. The Brazilian legislation in terms of cultural environment, established several instruments of protection, among them the act of falling. This is a declaratory and discretionary act. Declaratory because a good is not cultural for being registered land, but because of its intrinsic qualities. Discretionary since there is no current risk that threatens the good. It is been inquired if the judiciary can exercise control of an administrative act when the Administration is been omitted from the practice of an act or is acting contrarily to public interest. The demolition of the Adriatic brewery, at the city of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, was an example of the omission of public administration. The case was the object of the lawsuit, which was rejected because the judge understood that the judiciary is not a legitimate entity in a Social Democratic State of Law to recognize a good as cultural. This is only possible an attribution of the executive. This research aims to discuss the possibility of the judiciary, currently and in Brazil, to declare a good as cultural heritage, re-evaluating the principle of separation of powers and the function of the Judiciary related to its social responsibilities. By the perspective of the phenomenon of neoconstitutionalism, the decision of the judiciary was confronted with the historical importance of the good that is been studied and was found a glaring inconsistency between the legal-constitutional system and the actuation of the judiciary in the State of Paraná.
O Direito contemporâneo é caracterizado pela passagem da Constituição para o centro do sistema jurídico. A eficácia das normas constitucionais exige um redimensionamento do papel do Poder Judiciário que se vê diante do paradoxo de uma Constituição rica em direitos e de práticas que negam a aplicação de tais direitos. O Judiciário deixa de atuar como mero aplicador mecânico de normas pré-estabelecidas, e passa a assumir, com o advento do neoconstitucionalismo, a responsabilidade pela efetivação dos direitos sociais, como o direito à preservação do meio ambiente cultural. A legislação brasileira, em matéria de meio ambiente cultural, estabeleceu diversos instrumentos de proteção, dentre eles o tombamento. Trata-se de um ato declaratório e discricionário. Declaratório na medida em que um bem é cultural não por ser tombado, mas em razão de suas qualidades intrínsecas. Discricionário, desde que não haja risco atual que ameace o bem. Se a Administração Pública se omite da prática de um ato e age contrariamente ao interesse público, questiona-se se é possível ao Judiciário exercer o controle desse ato. A demolição da fábrica da Cervejaria Adriática, da cidade de Ponta Grossa, Paraná, foi exemplo da omissão da Administração Pública. O caso foi objeto de ação judicial, julgada improcedente, sob o fundamento de que o Poder Judiciário não é ente legítimo num Estado Social Democrático de Direito para reconhecer um bem como cultural, atribuição essa cabível apenas ao Executivo. A presente pesquisa visa discutir a possibilidade de o Poder Judiciário, atualmente e no Brasil, declarar um bem patrimônio cultural, reavaliando o princípio da separação dos poderes e a função do Judiciário frente às suas responsabilidades sociais. Sob o prisma do fenômeno do neoconstitucionalismo, confrontou-se a decisão do Judiciário com a importância histórica do bem em questão, e verificou-se uma flagrante incongruência entre o sistema jurídico constitucional e a atuação do Judiciário no Estado do Paraná.

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Strati, Anastasia G. "The protection of the underwater cultural heritage as an emerging objective of the contemporary law of the sea." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336543.

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Chan, Yee-wa, and 陳綺華. "Evaluating built heritage conservation in Hong Kong: principle and practice." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126122X.

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Andreozzi, Michele. "Seismic protection of buildings of historical/cultural interest through the use of vibrating barriers." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

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Recent earthquake events pointed out the problematic of protecting existing buildings from the catastrophic effects of earthquakes. The current strategies for vibration are successfully employed in the design of new structures; on the other hand, they are rarely used for protecting existing buildings, because they generally require substantial alteration of the original structure. In this thesis, a novel device called vibrating barrier, (ViBa), is implemented for the seismic protection of an historical building: the Bell Tower of the Messina Cathedral. This device is able to reduce the dynamic response of a target building without being physically connected to it. The dynamic behaviour of the system has been studied through the construction of a detailed FE Model that allowed to derive the response of the structure and to study the existing influences between the buildings and the effect of the soil. Hence, a simplified mathematical model has been constructed, and the pertinent parameters have been computed by the employment of an Identification Process. Moreover, the mechanical parameters of the ViBa have been derived through an Optimization Process in order to reduce a selected response parameter of the bell tower, under an input ground motion modelled as Gaussian Stochastic Process compatible with the Messina response spectrum. Hence, parametric analyses have been carried out in order to investigate the influence of the mass of the device on the efficiency. Spectrum-compatible artificial accelerograms have been generated and a significant average reduction of the maximum displacements of 25% has been achieved, together with a decrease of 40% of the shear forces in the bell tower. Due to large masses involved, alternative solutions have been proposed against the problems related to a real-life implementation of the device, and the beneficial effects given by the coupling of the ViBa with a set of mechanical inerters have been demonstrated.

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Cachaço, Maria José Pereira de Almeida. "Contributos para o inventário e caracterização das Quintas por terras saloias. Caso de estudo: as Quintas da Freguesia de Loures." Master's thesis, ISA/UL, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10903.

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Siqueira, Neto Moysés Marcionilo de. "Sob o véu do patrimônio cultural: uma análise dos processos de tombamento em Pernambuco (1979-2005)." Universidade Federal de Pelotas, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2823.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
Esta pesquisa analisa a constituição de patrimônios culturais, através da instituição do tombamento, em Pernambuco, como parte de um processo mais amplo de construção da identidade estadual e nacional. O recorte temporal escolhido acompanha as primeiras atividades do tombamento no estado, com a lei nº 7.970, de 18 de setembro de 1979, que determinou a criação do Sistema Estadual de Tombamento e serviu de estatuto para definir 51 bens tombados, até que o decreto 27.753, de 18 de março de 2005, marcou uma nova fase na política de preservação, com o conceito de patrimônio imaterial. Para essa análise, utilizo a perspectiva dos Estudos Culturais, em que o patrimônio pode ser entendido como produto de um processo de representação que organiza certo sentido e conteúdo às identidades e paisagens culturais, em permanente construção e reconstrução. Foram pesquisados os documentos produzidos pelo Sistema Estadual de Tombamento no período: processos para o registro, relatórios e publicações da Fundação do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico de Pernambuco (Fundarpe), livros de tombo e ata de reuniões do Conselho Estadual de Cultura (CEC), além de legislações e outras publicações de interesse para a pesquisa. A partir dessa documentação, exploro a formação institucional do tombamento em Pernambuco, os conteúdos dos processos, os seus requerentes, os contextos, o perfil dos elementos tombados e sua distribuição nos livros de tombo. A pesquisa confirmou uma relação de poder assimétrica nesse processo de representação, através do Sistema Estadual de Tombamento, em que foram instituídos os 51 registros para evidenciar objetos e lugares, essencialmente no período de 1979 e 1986, como agentes ativos que passam a significar a identidade e cultura do Estado de Pernambuco.
This studie analyzes the establishment of cultural heritage, through the heritage protection acts, in Pernambuco, as part of a regional and national identity building process. The period chosen follows the first activities of heritage protection acts in Pernambuco, with the Law No. 7970 of September 18, 1979, which mandated the creation of the Protection Acts State System and served as a statute to define 51 listed items, until the decree 27753 of March 18, 2005, marked a new phase in conservation policy, with the concept of intangible heritage. For this analysis, I use the perspective of Cultural Studies, in which the heritage can be understood as the product of a process of representation and a sense that organizes content, identities, and cultural landscapes, in permanent construction and reconstruction. Were examined the documents produced by the Protection Acts State System in the period: the procedures for registration, reports and publications of the Foundation of Historical and Artistic Heritage of Pernambuco (Fundarpe), register books and the protocols of reunion of the State Council of Culture (CEC), and the laws and other publications of interest to the studie. From this documentations, I explore the institutional structure of the protection acts State System in Pernambuco, the contents of processes, their applicants, contexts, the profile of the registered elements and their distribution in the register books. The studie confirmed an asymmetrical power relationship in the process of representation through the Protection Acts State System, in which were instituted 51 registries to evidence objects and places, mainly between 1979 and 1986, as active agents who comes to mean the identity and culture of the state of Pernambuco.

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Varela, Patrícia. "Arrábida, "Serra-mãe"." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31784.

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O valor cultural de alguns elementos representativos da Paisagem da Arrábida foi reconhecido há mais de quarenta anos, procedendo-se à classificação de “toda a zona que rodeia o Portinho da Arrábida, incluindo o Conventinho e a mata de carvalhos”. Porém, o imóvel classificado continua sem limites definidos até ao presente, o que compromete a eficácia da classificação a nível da sua proteção. Além disso, a Arrábida encontra-se atualmente ameaçada por sobrecargas turísticas, ações de pedreiras e restrições ambientais que põem em causa a continuidade dos seus valores culturais e, consequentemente, a integridade da paisagem. Dado o seu valor excecional, torna-se indispensável uma atenção especial e renovada na salvaguarda deste Património Cultural, único no País. Nesse sentido, este trabalho foi desenvolvido com base numa abordagem integrada, de expressão territorial, definindo-se unidades de paisagem, incluindo a unidade da “Serra-mãe”, a partir da qual se propõem limites para o imóvel classificado; ABSTRACT: ARRÁBIDA, “MOTHER-MOUNTAIN” The cultural value of some representative elements of Arrábida Landscape was recognized over forty years ago, with the classification of “the entire area surrounding Portinho da Arrábida, including the Convent and the oak forest”. However, the classified property continues having no defined limits until now, which compromises the effectiveness of the classification in terms of its protection. Furthermore, Arrábida is currently threatened by tourist overloads, active quarries and environmental restrictions that jeopardize the continuity of its cultural values and, consequently, the integrity of the landscape. Given its exceptional value, it is essential that a special and renewed attention be paid to safeguarding this Cultural Heritage, unique in the country. Therefore, this work was developed based on an integrated approach, of territorial expression, by defining landscape units, including the unit of the “Mother-mountain”, from which limits are proposed for the classified property.

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Van, Zyl Megan. "An Analysis of the objectives and general principles of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation's Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage." Cape Town, South Africa : Unitersity of Cape Town, 2005. http://lawspace.law.uct.ac.za:8080/dspace/handle/2165/61?mode=full.

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Collingwood, Lisa Hannah. "Privacy protection under the English legal system : is it adequate given the challenges raised by online communicating between individuals?" Thesis, Kingston University, 2013. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/28204/.

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This thesis examines whether the approach to privacy protection under the English legal system is adequate given the distinct challenges raised by online communicating between individuals. In doing this, it aims to fulfil three objectives. Firstly, to show that privacy is, regardless of forum, deserving of appropriate legal protection; secondly, that the existing substantive and procedural basis of protection in England and Wales is flawed, since the altered landscape of privacy engendered by the widespread use of new communications media has been insufficiently assimilated into judicial understandings of privacy; and, thirdly, to analyse whether a revised legal structure would better regulate this area of law. The protection of privacy is an emotive topic, not least because the very nature of privacy itself is open to debate. This thesis plays a vital part in untangling what is, without doubt, a complex area of what may be described as the evolving law of privacy. By adopting its contemporary focus, the thesis is able to offer evaluation and critique of the existing law, highlighting where the English legal system is open to challenge and suggesting how an understanding of the metamorphosed notions of privacy engendered by new communications media might lead to its improved protection at law. Given both the importance of privacy protection and the growing prominence of social media platforms, this represents a crucial and timely research test which, it is hoped, will add to an understanding of these contemporary issues and their consequences. Accordingly, the overall contribution made to knowledge by this study is that, by exploring privacy protection against a backdrop of online communications media, it addresses a gap in the available literature. Within this thesis, the author develops a unique framework with which to better comprehend the increasingly novel ways in which privacy may be violated in a technological age and application of this model allows for the constituent parts of privacy violation to be conceptually broken down against the reality of online communications. This, in turn, allows the author to advance various inventive proposals for how privacy might be better safeguarded in the future.

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Ho, Chi-fai Thomas, and 何志輝. "Developing planning support system for heritage conservation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261267.

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Pokhrel, Lok Raj. "Appropriation of Yoga and Other Indigenous Knowledge & Cultural Heritage: A Critical Analysis of the Legal Regime of Intellectual Property Rights." restricted, 2009. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07092009-145552/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.
Title from file title page. Gregory C. Lisby, committee chair; Kathryn Fuller-Seeley, Svetlana V. Kulikova, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Feb. 22, 2010. Includes bibliographical references (p. 158-167).

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Yacouba, Sam. "L’inventaire du patrimoine culturel materiel en danger au Burkina Faso, un outil de protection: le cas de la commune de Koudougou au debut du XXIème siecle." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/30157.

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A questão do património cultural em perigo encontra-se no centro de acessos debates desde há largas décadas. A isso se devem as inúmeras ameaças que tememos que o façam desaparecer, mesmo sabendo se trata de testemunhos privilegiados para o conhecimento e para a promoção da história sociocultural, económica e política das diferentes comunidades. Nos países pobres como o Burkina Faso, a situação do património cultural em perigo é bastante crítica devido à falta de recursos humanos, financeiros e materiais necessários para combater tal realidade e particularmente pela falta de informação sobre o assunto. Assim, de acordo com inúmeros especialistas, uma das medidas fundamentais de proteção deste património passa pelo efetivo conhecimento que apenas será possível através da elaboração de um inventário. Efetivamente, o inventário é um meio indireto, no entanto eficaz, para assegurar, de forma adequada, a proteção do património cultural em perigo, na medida em que contribui para tomar medidas idóneas para a sua proteção através do seu melhor conhecimento: localização, número, estado físico, ameaças… Assim, o trabalho de inventário realizado no município de Koudougou sobre património cultural edificado permitiu verificar que existem bens culturais em comprovada situação de perigo e bens culturais em situação semelhante de acordo com os termos da UNESCO. Além disso, os principais fatores que colocam o património cultural numa tal situação devem-se, essencialmente, a ações humanas; RESUME: La question du patrimoine culturel en danger est au centre de vifs débats depuis quelques décennies. Cela est dû surtout aux nombreuses menaces qui risquent de le faire disparaître alors qu’il renferme des témoins privilégiés pour la connaissance et la promotion de l’histoire socio-culturelle, économique, politique des différentes communautés. Dans les pays pauvres comme le Burkina Faso, la situation du patrimoine culturel en danger est très critique en raison du manque de ressources humaines, financières et matérielles nécessaires pour s’en occuper et particulièrement du manque d’information à son sujet. Or, selon de nombreux spécialistes, l’une des mesures fondamentales de protection de ce patrimoine culturel passe par sa connaissance effective qui ne peut se faire qu’à travers un inventaire. En effet, l’inventaire reste un moyen indirect mais efficace pour assurer, de manière adéquate, la protection du patrimoine culturel en danger dans la mesure où il contribue à la mise en place de mesures idoines pour sa protection à travers sa meilleure connaissance : localisation, nombre, état physique, menaces… Ainsi, le travail d’inventaire réalisé dans la commune de Koudougou au sujet du patrimoine culturel bâti a permis de voir qu’il existe des biens culturels en situation de péril prouvé et des biens culturels en situation de mise en péril selon les termes de l’Unesco. De plus, les principaux facteurs qui mettent en danger ce patrimoine culturel sont dues essentiellement aux actions anthropiques; ABSTRACT: The question of endangered cultural heritage has been a hotly debated issue for some decades. This is mainly due to the many threats that may make it disappear while it contains privileged witnesses for the knowledge and promotion of the socio-cultural, economic and political history of the different communities. In poor countries like Burkina Faso, the endangered cultural heritage situation is very critical because of the lack of human, financial and material resources to deal with it and particularly the lack of information about it. According to many specialists, one of the fundamental measures for protecting this cultural heritage is its effective knowledge, which can only be done through an inventory. In fact, the inventory remains an indirect but effective means of ensuring, in an appropriate way, the protection of endangered cultural heritage insofar as it contributes to the implementation of appropriate measures for its protection through its better knowledge: localization, number, physical state, threats ... Thus, the inventory work carried out in Koudougou commune on built cultural heritage has shown that there is cultural property in a situation of peril proved and cultural property in jeopardy under the terms of the Unesco. In addition, the main factors that endanger this cultural heritage are mainly due to human actions.

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Kianguebeni, Ulrich. "La protection du patrimoine culturel au Congo." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0001/document.

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Le droit du patrimoine culturel congolais est un droit récent en raison du jeune âge de ses outils juridiques. En effet, ce droit s’est largement inspiré du système français à travers l’application, au Congo, de la législation française avant l’indépendance. Instituée dans un contexte historique particulier, la conception congolaise du patrimoine est une émanation des administrateurs coloniaux et missionnaires français. Cette conception est essentiellement basée sur l’adoption des valeurs culturelles françaises car la France en tant que métropole a institué l’application de sa législation dans les colonies. Cependant, cette application n’a pas été suivie d’effet au Congo en raison de l’absence du patrimoine au sens occidental. Avec l’indépendance en 1960, la nouvelle élite congolaise, issue des écoles françaises, a opté pour un mimétisme juridique et institutionnel. Les premiers textes à illustrer ce mimétisme ont été la loi 32/65 du 12 août 1965 donnant à l’Etat la possibilité de créer des organismes tendant au développement de la culture et des arts et le décret 68-45 du 19 février 1968 fixant les modalités d’application de la loi 32/65 du 12 août 1965. Ce mimétisme a révélé des lacunes en raison de la non prise en compte des réalités socio-culturelles congolaises. Dès lors, on a assisté, à la fin des années 1970, à une tentative d’élargissement de la conception du patrimoine avec la prise en compte de la conception traditionnelle à travers notamment l’affirmation de l’identité culturelle congolais. De nos jours, le Congo marque un grand intérêt à la protection du patrimoine par les politiques de développement culturel et par l’adoption deux textes majeurs : la loi n°8-2010 du 26 juillet 2010 portant protection du patrimoine national culturel et naturel et la loi de n°9-2010 du 26 juillet 2010 portant orientation de la politique culturelle au Congo. Une démarche supplémentaire qui illustre la marche vers la protection du patrimoine culturel bien que celle-ci soit encore embryonnaire et présente beaucoup d’insuffisances. Cependant, il convient de noter que la protection du patrimoine culturel connaît beaucoup de difficultés, lesquelles sont liées aux ressources humaines aux ressources financières. C’est pourquoi ce travail propose des mesures et initiatives en faveur d’une protection et d’une gestion efficaces du patrimoine culturel au Congo
Congolese cultural heritage law is recent due to the young age of legal tools. In fact, this law that is inspired by French law because of cultural assimilation from French colonization. Instituted in a particular historical context, current conception of cultural heritage in Congo has been an emanation of colonial administrators and missionaries. This conception is essentially based in French cultural values. As a metropolis, France instituted the application of its laws in the colonies. An application not followed of actions because of the lack of heritage in the western understanding in Congo. When Congo got its independency in 1960, new Congolese elite graduated in French schools opted for a legal and institutional imitation to rule the State but also to protect cultural heritage. Consequently, first laws that illustrate this imitation are the Law 32/65 of August 12th 1968 providing the state with the possibility to create organs to develop culture and arts and the Decree 68-45 of February 19th 1968 fixing the operation procedures of the Law32/65 of August 12th 1968. This imitation revealed gaps because Congolese social and cultural conditions have not been taken into account. Therefore at the end of the 1970’s, there has been an attempt to come back to the traditional conception of cultural heritage, with for example the affirmation of Congolese cultural heritage. Congo still emphasizes this interest for the protection of cultural heritage by cultural development policies and adoption of two laws: the Law N°8-2010 of July 26th 2010 on the protection of national cultural and natural heritage and the Law N°09-2010 of July 26th 2010on the orientation of cultural policy in Congo. This is an additional walk towards the protection of cultural heritage, although this is still embryonic and very insufficient. However, it must be stressed that protection of cultural heritage encounters many difficulties linked to human and financial resources. This is why this work proposes some measures and initiatives in favor of an effective protection and management of Congolese cultural heritage

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Azevedo, Lillian. "Using maritime archaeology and tourism to promote the protection of cultural heritage on land and underwater in Anguilla, British West Indies." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2014. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/366619/.

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At the end of the first decade of the 21st century, the 2009 ratification of the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001) created a turning point for maritime heritage management globally. However, in the Caribbean region on a local level many small islands are disadvantaged. Management strategies are poorly defined but even more fundamental is the absence of information on the type and nature of the resource to be managed. This thesis looks at the state of heritage management on Anguilla, a 34 mi2 island in the Lesser Antilles, and the process of developing a system for heritage management where no precedent exists. Analysis is based on participant observation and the local response to two field projects, a Shipwreck Survey to record previously undocumented underwater cultural heritage in 2009, and a land-based heritage trail (2010), both of which were completed during a 2 ½ year residency on Island. The first two chapters provide critical background data into the regional and international state of heritage management, the reasons for choosing Anguilla, and the island’s maritime heritage past and present. This history sets the stage for chapter 3, which presents the results of the 2009 Shipwreck Survey. Recognizing the strengths and weaknesses of this initiative, the following two sections are devoted to recognizing the reasons why heritage management has not developed earlier and suggests future solutions. Piloting a theory for heritage management, chapter six describes the Anguilla Heritage Trail, while the following chapters describe a heritage management strategy on Anguilla for the future. This provides a practical example of how the principles of the 2001 UNESCO Convention, particularly its Annex, may be applied and realized in areas with little infrastructure and/or previous experience managing cultural resources.

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Haskin, Eleanor. "Legal Consciousness and the Legal Culture of NAGPRA." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1601049615507107.

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Shafinaz, Ummul Wara. "Cultural heritage conservation and sustainable urban community in Dhaka: case study with Mirpur Benarashi Palli& Shakhari Bazaar." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B49885741.

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Sustainable Development is one of the most important arguments now a day. How we can make our world more sustainable in nature is the most significant phenomena for all of us. It is very difficult to transform the old, traditional and historically significant places to a more sustainable and modern in nature without hampering their values and historic resources. Cultural significances of old historic places represent the sense of connectivity and provide a continuation of past experience to the present and future generations (ICOMOS, 1999). These are the old urban characters which shapes the modern urban culture and identity over the time. They should treat as the most important belongings of history to go forward towards more advanced future. Future is always shaped by the past. Hence if we forget our history; it would be very difficult to get proper guidelines for future development. It is necessary for us to preserve our deteriorating heritage resources to develop our own future. However, globalization, rapid and uncontrolled urbanization and technological advancement make these attempt challenging. Urban heritage conservation in a very integrated way would be one of the solutions for conserving old values and ideas with their own traditional nature. Conservation with sustainable manner should be taken as the top priority in all development planning agendas. Moreover, proper urban heritage conservation can help to transform historical places as the source of history, culture and socio-economic advancement for the local community and can change unsustainable community into more sustainable in nature. Dhaka is one of the major old cities in South Asia. It has a various combination of historic places and communities which give Dhaka a unique urban character. It has long history of urbanization and this urban growth pattern has influenced mainly by the topography, socio-economic and socio-cultural characteristics along with inherent morphological quality. However over population growth, uncontrolled urbanization, poor infrastructure facilities and weak urban management contribute to deteriorating these urban heritages rapidly. There are several discussions about urban heritage conservation of developing countries but little discussions have found which has focused on the conservation with empowering local traditional economy to develop the sustainable community. By enhancing local economy through proper planning and policy and promote sustainable tourism can contribute to conserve heritage resources of Dhaka and support sustainable community development. Two historically significant communities are chosen for representing Dhaka‟s heritage which is unique in nature for their traditional professions, significant local arts, handmade crafts, life style, religious and social festivals, urban fabric and built heritage. These are Benarashi Palli at Mirpur and Shakhari Bazaar at old Dhaka. They had a self-sustained economy in the past which becomes declining day by day due to rapid and poor urban development management and ignorance of historical values and ideas. However, still these two communities are trying to survive with their own efforts and make them represented of the glorious past to us. The main focus of this study is to revive their past well-sustained economic conditions with proper conservation of heritage resources and community participation. At the same time explore several guidelines of comprehensive conservation for sustainable urban community in Dhaka. The research identifies that there is a severe lacking of integrated conservation policies in Dhaka. In fact, the importance of heritage conservation is still very far away from national planning policies in Bangladesh. Dhaka has several development control agencies however; they are not so well-integrated and well-organized to provide a comprehensive heritage planning policies for Dhaka as well as Bangladesh. Moreover, incompetent rules and regulations with scattered organizations make this problem more severe. The study has tried to incorporate all these issues and formulate a comprehensive conservation planning for Benarashi Palli and Shakhari Bazaar as well as Dhaka. Furthermore, the study tries to accommodate sustainable tourism for providing a sustainable urban economy which has always ignored in Bangladesh context. However, tourism could be a strong way of promoting heritage conservation in Dhaka which has already followed by many developing countries in South Asia.
published_or_final_version
Urban Planning and Design
Master
Master of Science in Urban Planning

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Bly, Victoria. "Kyrkliga kulturminnen eller kyrkligt kulturarv? : En studie av kategorier och definitioners påverkan på fördelning av kyrkoantikvarisk ersättning." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-302489.

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Swedish cultural heritage policies put heritage of the Church of Sweden in an exceptional position. It is protected by law and managed by the Church of Sweden which receives a yearly economical compensation from the Swedish government to assure a continued protection and care. The purpose of this study has been to examine categories and definitions that are used in the formulations of the protection of this part of the national cultural heritage. The study also analyses the values and motives behind the distribution, which is being regulated by said definitions. To achieve this, I have answered questions about to what kind of projects the compensation has been distributed, focusing on the appointed object and intervention categories. These classifications have been compared to the projects actual character, and also to official guidelines and policies. The results of the study show that the distribution of the government compensation follow official guidelines more often than not, but also that the project categorizations are frequently misguiding in comparison to the actual character of the projects. In written statements from the Swedish National Heritage Board and the Church of Sweden a dissonance regarding their respective value perspectives has been shown. The big difference is found in a question of definitions regarding the nature of the religious heritage in policy documents. Definitions of cultural heritage are crucial in heritage management. The classification stated in policy documents and used during the management of the heritage of the Church of Sweden, is also defining what is included. These classifications and definitions are part of the traditional western heritage management discourse. By using theoretical frameworks like Authorized Heritage Discourse the results of the study has been put in a perspective of using categories as way to manifest material heritage. This is a two years master’s thesis in Archive, Library and Museum studies.

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Khalaf, Husam. "Le droit du patrimoine culturel en Irak : approche locale et internationale." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10424.

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Aux XXe et XXIe siècles, l'idée de protection du patrimoine culturel (matériel et immatériel) et des biens culturels s’est accrue tant au niveau national qu’international. Elle se manifeste notamment par la définition des biens à protéger, l’élaboration de normes et la mise en place d’institutions. Cette étude s’attache à la formation du droit du patrimoine culturel en Irak dans une perspective historique en retraçant la genèse des notions relatives au patrimoine culturel, l’évolution et la portée de la législation mais également en analysant les institutions et les règles juridiques contemporaines élaborées pour en assurer la protection. Dans le cadre de l’Irak, en lien avec les conflits récents, les années d'embargo et les atteintes portées au patrimoine culturel, la question de l’efficacité des dispositions nationales et internationales se pose. A partir d’une analyse des violations commises malgré les conventions internationales, la détermination d’une mise en jeu de la responsabilité pour atteinte au patrimoine culturel peut être envisagée. Depuis 2003, une politique est menée pour renforcer la protection, la conservation et la valorisation du patrimoine culturel avec l’appui d’une coopération internationale. A la lumière de ces différents éléments, cette thèse formule des préconisations pour contribuer à une réflexion sur de possibles évolutions
In the twentieth and twenty-First centuries, the idea of protection of tangible and intangible heritage and cultural properties developed tremendously at both national and international levels. This idea is specially coming out by defining the properties to protect, developing the standards necessary and establishing the institutions mandatory for this purpose.This study focuses on the formation of cultural heritage law in Iraq in a historical perspective by tracing the genesis of concepts related to cultural heritage, evolution of the legislation but also by analyzing the institutions and legal Contemporary rules developed to ensure the protection. In case of Iraq, especially with the recent conflicts, the embargo years and the damage caused to the cultural heritage, the effectiveness of national and international provisions remains questionable.From an analysis of committed violations despite international conventions, determination an implementation of the responsibility for the cultural heritage may be considered. Since 2003, a strategy is established to strengthen the protection, to conserve and valuate this precious heritage with the support of international cooperation. Using all these elements, this thesis suggests recommendations to contribute to further possible developments

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Balnienė, Aida. "Nykstančių Kauno centro architektūros objektų įvertinimas: medžiaga virtualiam pateikimui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2011. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2011~D_20110615_095116-26858.

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Atliktas tyrimas, kurio pagrindinis tikslas – Senamiesčio ir Naujamiesčio teritorijose esančių blogos ir avarinės būklės architektūros objektų įvertinimas, pagrindinį dėmesį atkreipiant į objektų reikšmingumo lygį, kaitą ir atnaujinimo galimybes. Aptarta bendra paveldosauginė tiriamos teritorijos situacija, teritorijų ribos ir veiklos reglamentavimas jose. Atlikti vizualiniai tyrimai, fotofiksacija, sudarytas nykstančių architektūros objektų sąrašas, objektai suklasifikuoti stilistiniu ir fizinio sunykimo požiūriu. Pristatomas šių objektų išsidėstymas ir architektūrinė sankloda. Sudaryti žemėlapiai: 2011 metais patikslinta 2006 metų blogos būklės Kauno Senamiesčio (20171) ir Naujamiesčio (22149) architektūros objektų sklaida. Išskirtos architektūros objektų nykimo priežastys. Darbas taikomojo pobūdžio. Pateikiamos rekomendacijos nykstančių Kauno centro objektų esamos situacijos pristatymui internetinėje medijoje. Pasiūlytas koncepcinis nykstančio Kauno centro paveldo pateikimo internete modelis. Siekis - demokratizuoti priėjimą prie kultūros vertybių, skatinti aktyvų santykį su jomis.
The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the emergency condition of architectural objects located in the Old town and New town areas of the city. The main emphasis was put on the significance of the objects, their change and reconstruction options. The analysis discusses overall situation of area under heritage protection, the territorial limits and related regulation of activities. The analysis was conducted by multiple ways, i.e. on-site visits, photo shoots, etc. Consequently a list of endangered architectural objects was prepared by classifying them based on stylistic and physical deterioration perspectives. The location and architectural structure of the objects shall be also presented. The following maps where prepared in 2011: a revised version of dissemination of emergency condition architectural objects in Kaunas Old town (20171) and New town (22149) of year 2006. The causes of architectural objects loss were examined as well. It should be noted that the study may be approached as a guideline since recommendations are provided regarding endangered architectural objects located in Kaunas city center and their presentation to the online media. The results of the study suggest a conceptual model of online presentation of endangered architectural objects in Kaunas city center. The goal of the study is to democratize the access to cultural values and promote a strong active relationship with them.

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Wong, She, and 黃舒. "Heritage conservation education: a community service learning approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48348557.

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When designing educational programme in the field of heritage conservation, community service learning approach may not be the first thing that comes to most heritage conservation educator’s mind. In this study the researcher has engaged in a discussion of the association of community service learning to heritage conservation education. The researcher have tried to make clear why she believe that community service learning, as an innovative pedagogical approach, has important things to say about today’s heritage conservation education. Proceeding from fieldworks, through analysis to explanation, based on direct and participant observations and interviews; two heritage training projects are reviewed to illustrate how community service learning can facilitate heritage conservation education. The researcher hope that other researchers will learn from the study, and educators will be able to critically examine which kind of pedagogical approach is more appropriate for today’s heritage conservation education.
published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation

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43

Acosta, Carmen Diaz. "Propositions de protection et valorisation du patrimoine industriel de la baie de La Havane." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31084.

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Le vieux port de La Havane est arrivé jusqu'à nos jours avec les traces d'un déclin de son activité commerciale. En 2014, le gouvernement a inauguré un nouveau port où les activités portuaires ont commencé à être déplacées. Conséquences directes de la globalisation, ces actions ont révélé l'abandon de l'un des sites industriels les plus importants de l'histoire cubaine. Il s'agit d'un patrimoine qui n'a pas été étudié dans son ensemble et qui ne dispose pas de reconnaissance, de conservation et de protection juridique. Dans ce sens, l'objectif de cette recherche est de proposer un schéma de récupération et de valorisation du patrimoine industriel désaffecté, situé dans l'anneau portuaire et appartenant à la zone de protection de la baie de La Havane. L'objectif est d'analyser et de montrer les possibilités de conservation et de réutilisation, en démontrant la valeur patrimoniale des biens et en créant les outils nécessaires à leur valorisation. Avec l’utilisation d’une méthode essentiellement qualitative, la recherche est basée sur l'analyse évolutive du port, de son scénario actuel et futur, et des lois nationales et mondiales de protection. Les principales sources de ce travail sont diverses cartographies, plans urbains, archives, graphiques, conventions, chartes, décrets-lois, schémas et photographies. En outre, un travail de terrain a été réalisé pour la création et l'application d'instruments fondamentaux tels qu'un inventaire et un système d'évaluation du patrimoine industrial - portuaire de La Havane. Ces instruments sont essentiels dans le processus de récupération et de valorisation de ce patrimoine. On peut démontrer la validité et la disponibilité d'un instrument efficace de gestion du patrimoine qui permettra de prendre les bonnes décisions pour l'avenir de cet ensemble. Ce travail est un outil pratique essentiel pour le plan de Développement et le plan de Gestion du Paysage de la Baie de La Havane; ABSTRACT: The old port of Havana has come to our days with the traces of a decline in its commercial activity. It was in 2014 that the government inaugurated a new harbour where port activities began to be displaced. A direct consequence of globalisation, these actions revealed the abandonment of one of the most important industrial sites in Cuban history. It is a heritage that has not been studied as a complex and does not have its due recognition, conservation and legal protection. In this sense, the purpose of this research is to propose a scheme for the recovery and enhancement of this disused industrial heritage, which is located in the port ring and belongs to the Havana Bay Protection Zone. The objective is to analyse and show the possibilities of conservation and reuse, demonstrating the heritage value of the assets and creating the tools for their valorisation. Using an essentially qualitative method, the research is based on the evolutionary analysis of the port, its current and future scenario, and the national and global heritage protection laws. The main sources of this work include various cartographies, urban plans, archives, charts, conventions, decrees-laws, diagrams and photographs. In addition, fieldwork has been carried out for the creation and application of fundamental instruments such as an inventory and an evaluation system of Havana's industrial port heritage. These instruments are key in the process of recovery and valorisation of this heritage. The validity and availability of an effective instrument for heritage management can be demonstrated in order to make the right decisions for the future. This work constitutes an essential practical tool for the Bay Development Plan and for the Bay Landscape Management Plan.

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Castellanos, Arenas Mariano. "El patrimonio cultural territorial. Historia, paisaje y gestión en Metepec, Puebla (México)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/98350.

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This thesis is a research project that aims to build, in the first instance, a historical, theoretical, and methodological frame of reference and protection of cultural property, and more precisely of the territorial cultural heritage. The starting point is the analysis of the concepts of culture, heritage, landscape and territory, in addition to others such as management, tourism, social heritagization and development, all this through a detailed study starting from the perspective of the human sciences and culture, with the aim to approach to the positions on these ideas that are being debated today. The ultimate objective is the design of an instrument that serves to make readings of landscapes and in the same way, as a platform to design strategies in favour of the enhancement, protection, conservation, interpretation and management of the landscape as an asset of the territorial culture heritage.
Esta tesis es un trabajo de investigación que tiene como objetivo construir, en primera instancia, un marco de referencia histórica, teórica, metodológica y de tutela de los bienes culturales, y más precisamente del patrimonio cultural territorial. El punto de partida es el análisis de los conceptos de cultura, patrimonio, paisaje y territorio; además de otros como gestión, turismo, patrimonialización social y desarrollo, todo ello a través un estudio pormenorizado desde la perspectiva de las ciencias humanos y de la cultura,con la intención de acercarse a las posiciones que sobre estas ideas se debaten hoy. Se trata de establecer un instrumento que sirva para realizar lecturas de los paisajes y de la misma manera,el diseño estrategias a favor de la puesta en valor, la protección, la conservación, la interpretación y el manejo del paisaje como un bien del patrimonio cultura territorial.

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Magnusson, Anders. "Utredningsarbete och upprättande av maritima kulturreservat : kultur, natur och reservat." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för ABM, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-324198.

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Since 1999 it has been possible for Swedish municipalities and the Swedish county administrative board to establish cultural reserves to protect particularly valuable cultural landscape. The protective character of the cultural reserve is supposed to be equivalent to the one found in nature reserves. The separation between the two protective forms have led to a marginalization of the protection of cultural landscape. This thesis has, using Posthumanist theory, studied the investigation process preceding the establishing of three maritime cultural reserves. The thesis also investigates if the general work with cultural landscape could benefit from a Posthumanist approach. To reach the purpose of this thesis, three research questions were formed: how does laws and conventions relate to Posthumanist theory, which values are highlighted in the process of investigating valuable landscapes and how does the practical work with investigating maritime cultural landscape manifest itself? The source material for the thesis consists of a study of documentation, laws and conventions. It also includes an interview study with informants at the Swedish heritage board, The Swedish National Maritime Museums and two persons responsible for the Cultural reserves at the municipality of Haninge and the Swedish county administrative board of Gävleborg. Research shows that the work with managing maritime cultural landscape and preservation would benefit from the use of a Posthumanist approach. The laws and guidelines that exists, based on euro-american definitions of what a valuable landscape is, limits the informants in their work to preserve all aspects of the landscape. Nature and culture are interlaced and cannot be separated. A landscape management system that acknowledge this and allows the public to be a part of the creation of cultural heritage, will lead to a more sustainable preservation. This document is a two years’ master´s thesis in Archive, Library and Museums studies.

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46

Leung, Yee-wing Yvonne, and 梁綺穎. "The Queen's Pier saga: unveiling the inconvenient truth of heritage conservation legislation in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B47092683.

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With the increasing recognition of the importance of heritage conservation, it would not be adequate merely to control archaeological discoveries or to preserve items of historical interest. In this society where resources are scarce, rules have to be made for enabling the selection of what to keep and what not to, and if to be kept, how the heritage resources could be sufficiently protected. Under the present system, for instance, graded buildings afforded no legal protection save for Grade 1 buildings which may be qualified and ready to be declared as “monuments”. Also, there is no system for appeal if the building is graded against the owner’s will. Through the years, the Ordinance had not been reviewed to meet with the social development and has become obsolete and out-of-date. It is no longer able to give sufficient legal protection to the heritage conservation in Hong Kong. Following the Queen’s Pier incident and the Court of First Instance decision which will be discussed in details, the need for a more proper and comprehensive heritage protection legislation becomes more intense and imminent. One may recall that the Chief Executive had announced a range of initiatives on heritage conservation in the 2007-2008 Policy Address which was delivered on 10th October 2007. Yet, it is submitted that a policy initiative no matter how ambitious cannot be achieved without the foundation of a concrete legal framework. Objective standard and guidelines have to be established for future precedent. It is only by then certainty and sustainability on conservation can be achieved. The issues that we are going to discuss in this article is, by examining the development of heritage protection law of Hong Kong, whether Hong Kong, being part of China and a State Parties which have adhered to the World Heritage Convention, has afforded and taken sufficient legal measures in securing our cultural heritage. The recent judgment of the Court of First Instance has thrown light to the fact that our heritage legislation, namely the Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance is inadequate to safeguard some of the historically significant heritage in Hong Kong. There are of course counter-argument that conservation is a hindrance to urban development and possible impingement of private property right. In this dissertation, we will examine, from a legal point of view, how the legal framework of our system, insofar as heritage conservation is concerned, can be improved and/or modified or even advanced.
published_or_final_version
Conservation
Master
Master of Science in Conservation

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47

Hardy, Karen J. "Regional heritage preservation planning : an examination through case study analysis /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03032009-040700/.

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Massing, Katharina. "Finding an ecomuseum ideal for Hainan Province : encouraging community participation in intangible cultural and natural heritage protection in a rural setting in China." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3344.

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Initiated in France by Hugues de Varine and George Henri Rivière in the late 1960s, the ecomuseum ideal represents a locally-based, holistic approach to heritage protection and sustainable development. China established its first ecomuseums in 1998 in Guizhou Province, as a tool to balance rural development and heritage protection in the economically-weaker ethnic-minority areas. Since then several variations of an ecomuseum-like ideal have been employed in different provinces. This research project analyses one of the newer approaches to ecomuseology in China, examining the current establishment of ecomuseums in Hainan Province, China. The focus of the ecomuseum ideal in Hainan, the strong connection between ICH and its ecological environments, is new in the Chinese ecomuseum approach. This research analysed the opportunities and challenges of this new ecomuseological approach in China with regards to the safeguarding of ICH within its natural environments; sustainable tourism and ecotourism development; and, community participation. Two of the six proposed future ecomuseums were chosen as case studies; namely Baili Baicun in Ding’an County and Binglanggu in Boating Li and Miao Autonomous County. The data collection process included a combination of literature review, the analysis of laws and guidelines, observation and qualitative interviews with the three main stakeholders of the ecomuseum establishment in Hainan Province: government officials; experts; and, the local population composed of members of the local Hainanese community and Li ethnic-minority members associated with the two case studies. This research makes a contribution to the field in several respects. It examines the ecomuseum in terms of safeguarding ICH within its natural environments in China. While there is already some literature that investigates ecomuseums and ICH protection in the country, their role in protecting ecological environments in China is largely ignored. This research concludes that a stronger interpretation and focus on natural environments is essential for ecomuseum-like approaches in China. In addition, this research argues that the current ecomuseum principles concentrate on a Western understanding of the ecomuseum ideal and are not applicable to the top-down developmental context of China. Therefore, the research suggests new ecomuseum principles for Hainan, placing a stronger emphasis on education and benefit-sharing.

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Smith, Rhona Katrine MacIntyre. "Cultural homicide : the legal restraints: international law and the protection of groups whose existence is threatened by virtue of the erosion of some aspect of their cultural identity." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393682.

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50

Kwon, Cherry. "La protection du patrimoine culturel : une comparaison entre la France et la Corée." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010321.

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Le patrimoine culturel est par sa nature une exposition de l'identité nationale ainsi qu'un symbole de la souveraineté. L'étude comparée sur cela offre donc la possibilité à des implications au-delà d'une comparaison des institutions concernées. Le système du patrimoine culturel de la France issu de la Révolution est en effet réputé à l'heure actuelle comme étant le plus développé au monde. La Corée, de l'autre côté du globe, ne cesse de poursuivre les mesures de réforme, notamment depuis l'entrée en vigueur de la loi relative à la protection des biens culturels en 1962. L'accent dans le présent travail a été mis sur le patrimoine et la terre, car le lien particulier entre ceux-ci est considéré comme un terrain fertile pour la comparaison. Compte tenu de la prédilection traditionnelle des français sur le terrain, l'analyse du patrimoine immobilier alimenterait de nouvelles perspectives pour la Corée. Il est à noter que si ledit patrimoine est celui « protégé », le patrimoine exclu de la protection, dit patrimoine non protégé, entre dans le champ de cette étude. Certes, la présence du régalien est dominante en la matière par rapport à d'autres domaines culturels. Pour autant, en France a entamé une politique de décentralisation culturelle en 1982 et 1983 ; ce mouvement s'accélérant dans les années 2000. A l'opposé, la politique patrimoniale coréenne se trouve encore dans les mains de l'Etat. Les personnes privées comme les fondations et associations ont adhéré à la démarche du patrimoine culturel et les activités de mécénat et de partenariat public-privé ne sont plus inconnues en la matière. Somme toute, la protection du patrimoine va reposer, en premier lieu sur la conciliation de l'intérêt public et des intérêts privés, en deuxième lieu sur celle de l'intérêt national et de l'intérêt local et, en troisième lieu, sur celle de l'intérêt des générations passées, présentes et futures
Cultural heritage is by its own nature an exposition of national identity as well as a symbol of sovereignty. Thus a comparative study on it would give rise to implications beyond the relevant institutions. The cultural heritage system of France, a culmination of the Revolution, has indeed held an enduring reputation as the most sophisticated one in the world. Korea, on the other side of the globe, has been pursuing ambitious reform measures, ever since the enactment on the Protection of Cultural Property in 1962. Emphasis in the present work has been placed on the cultural heritage and the land. The reason is that the unique relationship of the two is believed to be fertile ground for comparison. Traditional attachment in France to the land in case of tangible or material cultural “patrimoine” would very well bring about fresh perspectives to Korea. It is to be noted that those cultural properties, not classified as “protected” ones thus falling out of the umbrella, are also dealt with rather extensively. One may find that state intervention or engagement is much more conspicuous in case of cultural heritage, as compared to other areas of culture. Decentralization epitomizes the administration of cultural “patrimoine” in France since 1980s, whereas role of the central government dominates in Korea, although foundations, associations and MECENATs are on the rise in numbers and activities. Lastly the task of interest-coordinations are highlighted in every facet of the protection : namely public v. private, national v. regional/local, past/present generation v. future generation

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Legal protection of cultural heritage'

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