Relevant bibliographies by topics / Legislative provisions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Legislative provisions'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Legislative provisions"

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Wolf, Loammi. "Revisiting Section 81 of the Constitution: The Commencement Date of Legislation (Legislative Power) Distinguished from Promulgation (Legislative Process)." Southern African Public Law 30, no. 1 (November 23, 2017): 193–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2522-6800/3534.

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Section 81 of the Constitution regulates promulgation through publication as part of the legislative process (ie, a procedural norm). The provision further creates a presumption that unless the legislature explicitly determines a commencement date in an Act it enters into force upon promulgation. The commencement date of legislation is thus part of the contents of a statute (ie, a substantive norm), which must be determined by the legislature when adopting the legislation. In a number of judgments, however, the Constitutional Court espoused the idea that the commencement date is part of the legislative process instead of being part of the contents of a statute. Thus it allowed the legislature to delegate its power to determine a commencement date for legislation to the president as head of state in transgression of section 44(1)(a)(iii) of the Constitution: this provision only mandates a delegation of core legislative powers to another legislative body. The confusion is partly due to an initial tendency of the Constitutional Court to interpret constitutional provisions in isolation and partly to the unconsidered re-importation of Westminster constitutiona common law. In the Westminster system a delegation of the power to determine a later commencement date for legislation (ie, after promulgation) to the executive and/or head of state was justified in terms of the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty. Parliamentary sovereignty, however, was abolished in 1994: such a delegation of power is no longer compromises legislative power and the separation of powers, but goes to the substance of the rule of law and legal certainty as foundational values of the constitutional state. Compatible with sections 44(1)(a)(iii), 55(2)(b)(i), 79 and 87 of the Constitution. Lately, the Constitutional Court even ruled that the power to determine a commencement date for legislation is an executive power, which is to be exercised in terms of sections 85 and 101 of the Constitution, although section 81 explicitly confers this power upon the legislature. A reconsideration of the Court’s interpretation of section 81 is therefore overdue: it not only compromises legislative power and the separation of powers, but goes to the substance of the rule of law and legal certainty as foundational values of the constitutional state.
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Marshall, Aniqa Islam, Kanang Kantamaturapoj, Kamonwan Kiewnin, Somtanuek Chotchoungchatchai, Walaiporn Patcharanarumol, and Viroj Tangcharoensathien. "Participatory and responsive governance in universal health coverage: an analysis of legislative provisions in Thailand." BMJ Global Health 6, no. 2 (February 2021): e004117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-004117.

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Participatory and responsive governance in universal health coverage (UHC) systems synergistically ensure the needs of citizens are protected and met. In Thailand, UHC constitutes of three public insurance schemes: Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme, Social Health Insurance and Universal Coverage Scheme. Each scheme is governed through individual laws. This study aimed to identify, analyse and compare the legislative provisions related to participatory and responsive governance within the three public health insurance schemes and draw lessons that can be useful for other low-income and middle-income countries in their legislative process for UHC. The legislative provisions in each policy document were analysed using a conceptual framework derived from key literature. The results found that overall the UHC legislative provisions promote citizen representation and involvement in UHC governance, implementation and management, support citizens’ ability to voice concerns and improve UHC, protect citizens’ access to information as well as ensure access to and provision of quality care. Participatory governance is legislated in 33 sections, of which 23 are in the Universal Coverage Scheme, 4 in the Social Health Insurance and none in the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme. Responsive governance is legislated in 24 sections, of which 18 are in the Universal Coverage Scheme, 2 in the Social Health Insurance and 4 in the Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme. Therefore, while several legislative provisions on both participatory and responsive governance exist in the Thai UHC, not all schemes equally bolster citizen participation and government responsiveness. In addition, as legislations are merely enabling factors, adequate implementation capacity and commitment to the legislative provisions are equally important.
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STONE, ALEC. "Judging Socialist Reform." Comparative Political Studies 26, no. 4 (January 1994): 443–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414094026004003.

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Case studies of judicial-political interaction during two periods, 1969-1976 in Germany and 1981-1985 in France, illustrate two general points about constitutional politics in both countries. First, constitutional courts are powerful policy makers whose impact on legislative processes and outcomes is multidimensional. These courts are more than simply negative legislators, empowered to veto legislative provisions. They also exercise creative legislative powers: to recast policy-making environments, to encourage certain legislative solutions while undermining others, and to have the precise terms of their decisions written directly into legislative provisions. Second, governments and parliamentarians are often led to behave judicially, to debate and make meaningful decisions about the constitutionality of legislation. In France and Germany, both the making of public policy and the construction of constitutional law are products of sustained and intimate judicial-political interaction.
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Zemaitaityte, Irena. "LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS FOR ADULT EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 5 (May 21, 2019): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2019vol5.3914.

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The article reviews the changes in legal acts and their role in the development of adult education in Lithuania. Developing learning opportunities and bringing educational services closer to each individual is a political action based on a fundamental provision of respect for the individual, his / her ability to create one's own life and that of his / her loved ones and the duty to help to do it as best as possible. Education, as an institution, has an increasingly complex role to play in justifying and creating a common educational content on which to build the social life of society in order to enable a person to develop general skills, lifelong learning skills, and helping him to adapt to a constantly changing environment. The laws and resolutions discussed reflect the advanced attitude of adult education in Lithuania as an important part of the lifelong learning system in society and provide wider opportunities for its development. Summarizing the normative documents regulating adult learning, it can be stated that at the level of strategic objectives they are relevant and purposeful, but not sufficient in some cases.
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Francesconi, E., and A. Passerini. "Automatic Classification of Provisions in Legislative Texts." Artificial Intelligence and Law 15, no. 1 (February 27, 2007): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10506-007-9038-0.

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Pennisi, Giulia Adriana. "Legislative Provisions in Context: A Linguistic Approach." Statute Law Review 37, no. 2 (April 12, 2016): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmw023.

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Kadir, Rizgar Mohammed. "The Scope and the Nature of Computer Crimes Statutes - A Critical Comparative Study." German Law Journal 11, no. 6 (June 1, 2010): 609–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200018757.

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When computer crime statutes had yet to be enacted, computer crimes were subjected to traditional criminal laws. This policy resulted in greater expense and other considerable difficulties. These problems and difficulties paved the way for the emergence of a consensus calling for legislators to intervene and enact specific computer crime legislation suited to confronting this new type of criminal activity. Many countries in the world responded by enacting new criminal legislation and many others are on their way to take similar legislative steps.For the legislative intervention to be sound and successful two major questions should be adequately addressed; the scope of legislative intervention and the nature of computer crime legislation enacted. Regarding the first question, new criminal provisions are needed only to cover those crimes that are unique to computers themselves, other crimes in which a computer is used simply as an instrument for perpetration are either covered by existing criminal provisions or can be covered by simple amendments of said provisions. Another step that should be taken by legislators is the amendment of existing criminal laws with an aim to cover some special cases such as the cases in which the computer is used as an instrument for committing known traditional crimes, making the perpetration of such crimes easier or resulting in more dangerous consequences compared to their more traditional forms and cases in which intangible digitized property comes under threat from criminal activities.While many countries in the world have soundly followed such a method in dealing with computer related misconducts legislatively, others have failed to do so. In some countries, the legislator has criminalized some criminal conducts that have long since been criminalized by that country's penal code. This creates conflict between criminal provisions, posing problems to prosecutors and courts alike.Regarding the nature of computer crime statutes, the legislator is presented with two options. The first is the inclusion of the aforementioned criminal provisions in one separate code as one specific computer crime statute. The second is inserting substantive criminal provisions related to computer crimes into the existing penal law of the country. While the first method preserves the unity of substantive criminal law of the country in one code and prevents the dispersion of criminal provisions into many separate laws, the second one would, by contrast, create much-needed public awareness of computer crime.
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McNabb, Danielle, and Dennis Baker. "Ignoring Implementation: Defects in Canada’s “Rape Shield” Policy Cycle." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 36, no. 1 (April 2021): 23–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2020.35.

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AbstractThis article employs a “policy cycle” framework to explore Bill C-51, legislation which contains Canada’s latest amendments to the “rape shield.” Through an in-depth evaluation of earlier rape shield reforms, as well as a content analysis of the legislative proceedings of Bill C-51, this paper reveals that, while the impetus for introducing rape shield legislation is to protect the equality and privacy rights of sexual assault complainants, the legislative process of these “policy cycles” focuses disproportionately on remedying due process concerns and less on the problems that arise in judicial implementation of the provisions. We situate this finding within the larger trend towards the “judicialization of politics,” and trace some of the institutional and structural obstacles that impede Parliamentarians from more effectively legislating to improve sexual assault trials for complainants.
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ter Vrugt, Peggy. "A pragmatic attitude: The right to silence in the Netherlands." New Journal of European Criminal Law 12, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 389–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20322844211028312.

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This article examines the workings of the right to silence in a system, which retains a large number of the original ‘inquisitorial’ elements. The right to remain silent was and is a highly contested issue in the Netherlands, which is reflected in the fragmented and often contradictory nature of the respective legal provisions. The Netherlands has diligently implemented the relevant EU Directives and the ECtHR case law in legislation and/or through case law, including the case law on adverse inferences. However, tensions with the right to silence arise indirectly through legislative provisions and case law. Relevant examples are the provisions on interrogative pressure, on the use of suspects’ statements made before invoking the right to silence and on the provision of access to digital data (such as phone passwords) by suspects for the purposes of investigation.
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Hou, Yining. "An Investigation on the Legislative Tradition of Should Be Rough Rather Than Detailed in China's Marriage Law—Also on the Early Practice of Chinese Feminist Movement." Asian Social Science 17, no. 8 (July 31, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v17n8p38.

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The Civil Code of the People's Republic of China, which was reviewed and passed in May 2020, continues the tradition of should be rough rather than detailed in China's marriage and family legislation since the promulgation of the Marriage Law of 1950. The embodiment of this tradition in the marriage law text is fewer legal provisions, more general provisions, and more moral norms. This legislative tradition did not come from the Soviet Union but was mainly due to the unique legal nature of the Marriage Law of 1950. This law is the product of the victory of the Chinese feminist movement since the Revolution of 1911. Its legislative tradition of should be rough rather than detailed is determined by the legislative purpose of this law to break the feudal marriage system and protect the rights of women and children, and its unique legal attributes. The formulation of this law was subject to the legislative difficulties and the social reality faced by the marriage law drafting group centered on women leaders. It was a helpless choice in a particular period. In the modern society where China's economy, society, and marriage and family relations have undergone significant changes, it is crucial to improve marriage legislation and reverse the legislation tradition of should be rough rather than detailed, so that the improvement of legislative techniques and legislative goals meet the needs of economic and social development.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Legislative provisions"

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Zoutman, Bernice Nicole. "The challenge associated with upholding the human rights of asylum seekers during the refugee status determination process in South Africa." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6490.

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Magister Legum - LLM (Public Law and Jurisprudence)
Foreign nationals regularly finds themselves seeking refuge in a host country such as South Africa. One would expect that due to comprehensive legislation ranging from national to international level, foreign nationals would be received in conditions appropriate to their circumstances. However, whether that is in fact the case remains to be a matter of great controversy. The main purpose of this study is to determine whether or not the South African refugee status determination process is legally compliant with its obligations under domestic, regional and international human rights law. By focusing on the refugee status determination process it could best be determined whether the process is legally compliant with the applicable legislative provisions by focusing on what occurs during the application for refugee status in practice. The research question will be answered by focusing on domestic, regional and international legislative provisions, case law, journal articles and academic textbooks amongst other sources. The primary legislative obligation that South Africa has towards asylum seekers is to provide protection to those in genuine need thereof, which requires that the country must refrain from violating their human rights. However the study has revealed that even though South Africa portrays a strong will to protect the rights of asylum seekers, the country still has a long way to go before it is actually achieved. Numerous of asylum seekers still finds it challenging to apply for asylum and to simultaneously enjoy constitutionally guaranteed human rights within the territory of South Africa. Research has established that although South Africa aims to ensure that its asylum system complies with its obligations towards asylum seekers under domestic, regional and international human rights law, there however remains multiple of instances where the country is still in violation of multiple human rights of asylum seekers.
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Rotimi, James Olabode Bamidele. "An Examination of Improvements Required to Legislative Provisions for Post Disaster Reconstruction in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4145.

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Previous disaster management studies allude to the problems of coordination and the difficulties that may be associated with the implementation of recovery programmes in New Zealand. These studies have also indicated opportunities for improving the current recovery and reconstruction framework in advance of a major disaster. They have shown that much existing legislation were not drafted to cope with wide-scale devastations and were not developed to operate under the conditions that will inevitably prevail in the aftermath of a severe disaster. This thesis therefore explores improvements that could be made to legislative provisions so that they facilitate large-scale recovery management in New Zealand. Three legislative documents are in view: Civil Defence Emergency Management (CDEM) Act, Resource Management Act (RMA) and Building Act (BA). The research investigations involved qualitative research methodology using multi-methods to determine the practical implication of implementing current reconstruction arrangement under these legislative documents. The methods employed include: interviews, document analysis, focus group study, surveys, and the use of subject matter experts for research verification. Results show that the three legislative documents may become sources of vulnerability in post disaster reconstruction because of their influence on the timely achievement of recovery objectives. The impediments posed by these legislative documents are mainly in the form of procedural constraints; ambiguities in rights and responsibilities for recovery management; and deficiencies in the intents and purposes of the legislative documents. More general results show that pre-planning the management of disaster resources; and collaborative arrangements for response and recovery programmes are a pre-cursor to effective and efficient management of reconstruction in New Zealand. The research concludes by providing useful recommendations that are specific to the three legislative documents and other general recommendations. It is hoped the implementation of these recommendations could improve the robustness of the current reconstruction framework so that it is able to cater for the complex needs of rebuilding for resilience in New Zealand.
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Wilson, Laura-Anne. "Unshackling South African artisanal miners: Considering Burkina Faso's legislative provisions as a guideline for legalisation and regulation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29638.

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Artisanal mining in South Africa is not recognised as a legal activity in the primary legislation regulating mining, the Mineral and Petroleum Development Act (MPRDA) 24 of 2002. This contrasts with the reality in Burkina Faso, and numerous African jurisdictions, where mining provisions regulate this rudimentary form of small-scale mining. Without formal recognition, the socio-economic potential of artisanal mining to create jobs and sustain livelihoods is not realised. This is a missed opportunity to increase employment opportunities South Africa’s mining industry which, in response to falling commodity prices and rising labour costs, is experiencing significant retrenchments annually. This dissertation argues for an explicit artisanal mining provision in the MPRDA. The existing mining permit, which provides for small-scale mining activities, does not specifically include this basic manual activity. In fact, the mining permit requirements that small-scale miners must satisfy to operate legally are too onerous to comply with. The overarching recommendation is an ‘Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM) for SA Strategy’, involving the amendment of the existing policy and legal framework regulating both artisanal and small-scale mining, and the improvement of accompanying support initiatives. It is based on the premise that the revision of mining regulations, to recognise the rights of artisanal and small-scale miners, is an essential feature of the formalisation of ASM operations. Drawing on the experience in Burkina Faso specifically, and sub-Saharan Africa generally, this dissertation explores the persistence of ASM and why it often occurs informally. The overlap between informality and illegality is notoriously vague, particularly in South Africa where legislative distinctions are lacking. This research, initiating studies in a field of law that lacks comprehensive examination, attempts to highlight the nuances of ASM activities in South Africa, and how they can be integrated into the formal sector. These range from subsistence artisanal mining that is driven by poverty, to the artisanal mining forming part of international criminal syndicates. Both are illegal, but only one group intends to be. It is proposed that the regulation of artisanal mining in South Africa can harness its potential to create employment opportunities, generate state revenue, mitigate the negative environmental and health and safety consequences of ASM, fulfil the transformative objects of the MPRDA and help address the issue of illegal mining currently threatening the mining industry. To realise this potential, however, ASM operators need to overcome the challenges that prevent them from operating sustainably in the formal sector. Namely, bureaucratic and costly application processes, financial and technical constraints, a lack of business knowledge and access to markets, and a prevailing absence of institutional support. This dissertation explores these challenges and highlights the support initiatives needed for their redress. It further articulates the areas for future research which, along with legislative amendments and accompanying support, will help develop the ASM sector for the benefit of historically disadvantaged South Africans.
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Klvaňa, Roman. "Vyhodnocení legislativních předpisů pro speciální silniční přepravu mezi Českou republikou a Balkánským poloostrovem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232536.

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This thesis is focused on analysis of the legislative regulations for special road transportation between Czech Republic and the Balkan Peninsula. In this work, special transportation stands for heavy and bulky costs that exceed the maximum limits. To carry out such transportations, following the legal standarts of each state where the intended destination is (Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo and Macedonia), is needed. The work is divided into chapters that deal with these issues and provide an overview of the legal standards which must be fulfilled in these particular states. The result of this thesis is to provide the necessary information to Czech transporter to perform these special transportations.
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Koryťák, Antonín. "Vyhodnocení legislativních předpisů pro speciální silniční přepravu mezi Českou republikou a postsovětskými zeměmi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232487.

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he theme of this work is the issue of international transport, transport costs in implementing the dimensions and weight exceeds the maximum specified value. Emphasis is placed mainly on road safety, which is ensured by legislative provisions governing the conditions for the transport of oversized cargo. In particular, a variety of security measures such as coordination of the operation with the requirements of different organizations, or for the fees and charges for exceeding the limit size and weight. The benefit of this document will become an overview of the legal standards applicable to the various destinations (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus), for Czech carrier use. Using this information, should be provide quality transportation services for oversized shipments.
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Handová, Jitka. "Vyhodnocení legislativních předpisů pro speciální silniční přepravu mezi Českou republikou a Rakouskem, Německem, státy Beneluxu a Velkou Británií." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264821.

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The diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of legislation for special transport between the Czech Republic and some member states of the European Union. The term special transport comprises the transport of very heavy and oversize loads which exceed limits allowed by the legislation of member states and the European Union itself. The diploma thesis is preferentially concentrated on regulations providing limit dimensions, transport conditions and elements that ensure safe transport of loads to the target destinations – Germany, Austria, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom. The final document is going to become the overview of information for freighters who can apply it in the process of preparation and the following ensuring of oversize loads to the countries, see above. The results of the diploma thesis can be applied by the institutions in the branch of international freight, the police or the institutions of the public administration.
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Coxon, Benedict Francis. "Interpretive provisions in human rights legislation : a comparative analysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d0a5ddca-9293-4204-b22b-417cdf829464.

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This thesis considers interpretive provisions in human rights legislation in the United Kingdom (UK), New Zealand and two Australian jurisdictions: the Australian Capital Territory and the State of Victoria. It deals with the relationship between certain common law interpretive principles which protect human rights and the rules under the interpretive provisions. It also considers what effect the interpretive provisions have on the overall approach to statutory interpretation, particularly in terms of their impact on the roles of intention and purpose. One of the themes of the thesis is that it is possible to identify a common methodology for the application of the various interpretive provisions. This is facilitated by an emphasis on the concept of purpose, which is flexible and capable of being identified and applied at higher levels of abstraction than the concept of intention as commonly applied by the courts. Despite this common methodology, the results of attempts at legislative rights-consistent interpretation in the relevant jurisdictions differ. We shall see that the UK courts have taken a broader interpretive approach than have their New Zealand and Australian counterparts. This will be explained by reference to the respective contexts of the human rights legislation in each jurisdiction, particularly in terms of legislative history. It will be argued that the purpose of the UK legislation to provide remedies in domestic courts for breaches of the European Convention on Human Rights provides the basis for the UK courts’ approach. The absence of this factor is the primary point of distinction between the UK on the one hand, and New Zealand and Australia on the other, though other issues will be explored. Finally, while as a matter of the interpretation of the UK legislation, and especially of the relevant interpretive provision, the approach of the UK courts is defensible, the significant risk to the principle of legal certainty which it poses will be highlighted.
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Braga, Ricardo de João. "O processo decisório legislativo na criação e reforma do BACEN e do CMN em 1964 e 1994: incerteza, cooperação e resultados legislativos." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4591.

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Esta tese analisa o processo decisório legislativo nos casos da criação e reforma do BACEN e do CMN em 1964 e 1994, ocorridos no âmbito de planos exitosos de combate à inflação (PAEG e Plano Real, respectivamente). A definição de um formato institucional para a autoridade monetária é uma escolha dos legisladores em termos da produção da política pública de responsabilidade daqueles órgãos, que em ambos os casos foi importante na busca da estabilidade de preços. A partir da Teoria Política Formal utilizaram-se dados primários e fontes secundárias para construir modelo e hipóteses que consideraram as dimensões de interesse geral (combate à inflação) e de políticas particularistas/distributivistas (crédito rural e representação privada no CMN). Concluiu-se que em ambos os processos a iniciativa do Poder Executivo foi fundamental para o resultado final, contudo, em ambas as situações, mesmo durante o ano de 1964 (período militar), o Legislativo teve papel relevante na definição do formato final de ambas as decisões. No primeiro caso houve uma barganha entre os Poderes Executivo e Legislativo para aprovação da proposta, que envolveu concessões no sentido de garantir representação privada no CMN e a institucionalização do crédito rural. No segundo caso o uso da Medida Provisória caracterizou uma forma diferente de coordenação entre os poderes, em que a MP atuou para diminuir a incerteza em relação aos resultados do plano e às alterações na composição do CMN e assim permitir a aprovação da matéria. Os resultados da tese, favorecidos pela comparação de dois períodos diversos do sistema político brasileiro, colaboram com a análise das relações Executivo-Legislativo, sobretudo ao valorizar os instrumentos legislativos do Presidente da República e a forma de equacionamento da incerteza nos processos decisórios. Ainda, permite-se um maior conhecimento da realidade legislativa durante o ano de 1964, quando, ao menos para a Reforma Bancária, não se pode falar de solapamento dos poderes e prerrogativas do Congresso Nacional pelo governo militar.
This thesis analysis two legislative decision making process that created and reformed BACEN and CMN in 1964 and 1994, occasions of successful economic stabilization plans (respectively PAEG and Plano Real). The institutional form of the monetary authority represents a political choice to perform certain public policies, what was important to achieve price stabilization in both cases. A model based on Analytical Theory was build and it used primary data and bibliographical sources to test hypothesis. The model and its hypothesis considered general interests (stabilized prices) and particularistic interests (private representation at the monetary authority and loans to agricultural activities). Results showed that the Executive Branch was important when initiate both legislative process, however, the Legislative Branch was important too, even during the Military Government initiated in april 1964. In the first case Executive and Legislative branches swap support, when Executive Branch conquered a new format to monetary authority and Parliament got private representation in the CMN and the building of the rural credit policy. In the second case, the use of provisional decree (Medida Provisória) made results of stabilization process and CMN reform safer, what could coordinate Executive and Legislative branches in a different way and put the Parliament pro-reform. The thesis results are important comparing two periods of Brazilian political system, which improves the knowledge about Executive-Legislative relations. Legislative instruments of Executive Branch and the management of uncertainty are central elements in this comparison. Besides, the thesis increases the knowledge about Brazilian Congress during the first year of Military Government, showing that for Bank Reform Parliament was important and could influence the institutional format of the monetary authority.
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Haffejee, Yaasir. "A critical analysis of South Africa's general anti avoidance provisions in income tax legislation." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1243.

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This treatise was undertaken to critically analyse the new general anti avoidance rules (new GAAR) as set out in sections 80A to 80L of the Income Tax Act1. A discussion on the difference between tax evasion and tax avoidance was performed in the first chapter. The goals of this treatise were then set out. An analysis of the requirements for the application of the new GAAR was performed in the second chapter. The courts have historically reviewed the circumstances surrounding an arrangement when determining whether tax avoidance has occurred. The new GAAR requires the individual steps of an arrangement to be reviewed in isolation. Secondly, the courts have historically held that the purpose test, when determining the taxpayer‘s purpose, was subjective. The wording of the new GAAR indicates that this test is now objective. Thirdly, the courts have historically viewed the abnormality of an arrangement based of the surrounding circumstances. The wording of the new GAAR requires an objective view of the arrangement. An analysis of the secondary provisions contained in sections 80I, 80B and 80J of the new GAAR was performed in the third chapter. With regards to section 80B, it was submitted that the Commissioner should issue an Interpretation Note detailing all the methods ―he deems appropriate.
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Verde, Julianna Villa. "As medidas provisórias e a relação executivo-legislativo no Brasil (1988 – 2014)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14073.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciência Política
Esta dissertação descreve a interação entre os poderes Executivo e Legislativo no sistema político brasileiro após o fim do regime militar (1964 a 1985) e a transição para a democracia. O período analisado tem início na promulgação da Constituição Federal de 1988 e termina em 2014, compreendendo oito mandatos presidenciais, de José Sarney, Itamar Franco, Fernando Collor de Mello, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva e Dilma Roussef. A análise sobre a preponderância do poder Executivo no processo legislativo brasileiro tem como foco a Medida Provisória, instrumento a dispor do presidente que, no momento de sua edição, ganha caráter automático de lei, a vigorar provisoriamente e com prazo para deliberação na casa legislativa. Procura-se contextualizar o uso da Medida Provisória no âmbito do chamado Presidencialismo de Coalizão brasileiro e compreender, por meio de análise quantitativa, a recorrência a este recurso pelos presidentes do período estudado. Além disso, pretende-se entender os movimentos do Congresso Nacional no sentido de limitar a atuação legislativa da presidência, pela análise da Emenda Constitucional nº32 de 2001 e seus efeitos no processo legislativo.
This dissertation describes the interaction between Executive and Legislative powers in the Brazilian political system after the end of the military regime (1964 a 1985) and the transition towards a democracy. The analysed period begins with the publication of the Federal Constitution of 1988 and ends in 2014, consisting in eight presidential mandates, of José Sarney, Itamar Franco, Fernando Collor de Mello, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Roussef. The analysis about the preponderance of the Executive power over the legislative process in Brazil focuses on the Provisional Measure, instrument in hands of the President that, in the moment of its edition, gains automatic status of law, being provisionally enforced and with a deadline of deliberation in the Legislative branch. We look to provide a context of the use of the Provisional Measures in the scope of the so called Brazilian Coalition Presidentialism and comprehend, by a quantitative analysis, the frequence of the use of this resources by the presidents in the studied period. Besides that, we intend to understand the movements of the National Congress to limit the legislative action of the presidency, through the analysis of the Constitutional Amendment nº32 of 2001 and its effects in the legislative process.
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Books on the topic "Legislative provisions"

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Great Britain. Department of the Environment. Enforcing planning control: Legislative provisions and procedural requirements. London: The Stationery Office, 1997.

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Conner, Mary T. Farm Bill of 2008: Major provisions and legislative action. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2010.

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Conner, Mary T. Farm Bill of 2008: Major provisions and legislative action. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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California. Selected provisions of law relating to legislative activities, 2004. [Sacramento: Office of Legislative Counsel], 2004.

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California. Selected provisions of law relating to legislative activities, 2006. [Sacramento: Office of Legislative Counsel], 2006.

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United Nations Commission on International Trade Law. UNCITRAL model legislative provisions on privately financed infrastructure projects. New York: United Nations, 2004.

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Commission, Vanuatu Law. Dangerous Drugs Act: Legislative review. Port Vila, Vanuatu: Vanuatu Law Commission, 2013.

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Council, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to amend the act intituled, "An act containing special provisions concerning both houses of the provincial Parliament". Quebec: Hunter, Rose & Lemieux, 2003.

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(State), New York. Title VIII of the Education Law, Article 130, General provisions (includes 1990 legislative amendments). Albany, N.Y: New York State Education Dept., Office of the Professions, Division of Professional Licensing Services, 1991.

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United States. Congress. Committee on Rules. Waiving the provisions of clause 4(B) of House rule XI against the consideration of certain resolutions reported from the Rules Committee: Report (to accompany H. Res. 260). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Legislative provisions"

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Berkman, Paul Arthur, Alexander N. Vylegzhanin, and Oran R. Young. "Legislative Fundamentals of Arctic Policies of Foreign States and of the European Union (Selected Provisions)." In Baseline of Russian Arctic Laws, 313–698. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06262-0_4.

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Fogarty, Aengus R. M. "Miscellaneous Provisions." In Merchant Shipping Legislation, 829–900. Third edition. | Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Informa Law from Routledge, 2017.: Informa Law from Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315232218-20.

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Sridhar, Lekha, and Vaibhav Gupta. "Performance Evaluation of Global Environmental Impact Assessment Methods through a Comparative Analysis of Legislative and Regulatory Provisions." In Handbook of Environmental Materials Management, 1–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_60-1.

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Sridhar, Lekha, and Vaibhav Gupta. "Performance Evaluation of Global Environmental Impact Assessment Methods Through a Comparative Analysis of Legislative and Regulatory Provisions." In Handbook of Environmental Materials Management, 2441–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73645-7_60.

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Weller, Bernhard, Kristina Härth, Silke Tasche, and Stefan Unnewehr. "Building legislation provisions." In Glass in Building, 73–81. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0346-0382-9_6.

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Isaakyan, Irina, and Anna Triandafyllidou. "“Enchanted with Europe”: Family Migration and European Law on Labour-Market Integration." In IMISCOE Research Series, 95–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67284-3_5.

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AbstractThis chapter explores the European legal platform for alleviating the main barriers in the labor market integration of dependent family migrants in the EU. Namely, the chapter looks at the work of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in relation to cases that involve recognition of professional qualifications and establishment of residence status. The study looks at how family reunification provisions, EU citizen status and in particular provisions for EU citizens and their family members when they move to another Member State, affect indirectly the status situation of third country nationals and their labour market integration by facilitating or hampering the recognition of their skills. This chapter is based on desk research, notably literature review (including published reports from the SIRIUS research) and analysis of legislative documents (EU Directives and ECJ case-law). We specifically look at the ECJ case-law on status and recognition and at related Directives involving family migrants. We study conditions under which the ECJ makes a decision in favour of the migrant-plaintiff. The discussion of our findings shows a complex interplay between family migration, gender bias and European law.
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"MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS." In Legislative Precedents Vol II, 109. Routledge-Cavendish, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140962-37.

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"Financial provisions." In Legislative Precedents Vol II, 178–79. Routledge-Cavendish, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140962-49.

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"AMENDING PROVISIONS." In Legislative Precedents Vol II, 37. Routledge-Cavendish, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140962-9.

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"DELEGATION, OMNIBUS PROVISIONS." In Legislative Precedents Vol II, 70. Routledge-Cavendish, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843140962-24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Legislative provisions"

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Badea, Ana-Cornelia. "A STUDY ABOUT NEW CADASTRAL LEGISLATIVE PROVISIONS IN ROMANIA CORRELATED WITH CADASTRE 2034." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b22/s9.003.

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Rotaru, Ioan, and Adrian Jelev. "Public Debates: Key Issue in the Environmental Licensing Process for the Completion of Cernavoda 2 NPP." In ASME 2003 9th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2003-4525.

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Societatea Nationala “NUCLEARELECTRICA” S.A., the owner of Cernavoda NPP, organized, in 2001, several public consultations related to environmental impact of the completion of the Cernavoda 2 NPP, as required by the Romanian environmental law, part of project approva. Public consultations on the environmental assessment for the completion of the Cernavoda NPP - Unit 2 took place between 15.08.2001–21.09.2001 in accordance with the provisions of Law No. 137/95 and Order No. 125/96. Romanian environmental legislation, harmonization of national environmental legislation with European Union, Romanian legislative requirements, information distributed to the public, issues raised and follow-up, they all are topics highlighted by this paper and they are addressing the environmental licensing process of the Cernavoda 2 NPP.
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JAFAR, MOHAMMED. "Floor and Apartment Ownership System A vision for a New Legislative Organization in Iraqi Law." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp65-84.

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The system of ownership of floors and apartments represents a developed form of the forms of class ownership. In addition to the old image that prevailed in the old laws of the ownership of classes, represented by the system of ownership of the top and bottom, it appeared in Europe as a result of the acute housing crisis in which the system of ownership of floors and apartments occurred. The law was adopted The Egyptian civil system adopted this system, and from it the majority of laws in Arab countries were taken. This advanced system of tiered ownership is based on dividing the vertical building into tiers or apartments owned by multiple persons, separate ownership and common ownership in the building structure, its land and all the common parts intended for the common use of the owners. Although the Iraqi civil law did not adopt the system of ownership of floors and apartments in its texts, the Iraqi legislator tried to fill this legislative deficiency in the Real Estate Registration Law No. (43) of 1971, and despite that, the system of ownership of floors and apartments remained unorganized and constituted completely in Iraqi legislation, The Iraqi legislator has made many attempts to fill this shortcoming, the most recent of which was his issuance of the Law Regulating Ownership of Floors and Apartments in Buildings No. (61) of 2000. However, the change that Iraq witnessed after 2003 made it necessary to reconsider the legislative regulation of the system of ownership of floors and apartments, from During the development of a new regulation in line with the investment laws and instructions in Iraq and in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. We have divided our research into three demands. In the first requirement, we discussed the legislative history of the ownership system of floors and apartments in Iraqi law. In the second requirement, we discussed the legal systems applied in the ownership of classes. As for the third requirement, we devoted it to discussing ways to manage the common parts in the system of ownership of floors and apartments. . We concluded our research, with a conclusion in which we mentioned the most important conclusions, the most important of which is the distinction of the system of ownership of floors and apartments from the system of ownership of the top and bottom, and the multiplicity of Iraqi laws that dealt with this system by organizing without the existence of a comprehensive law for all its provisions applicable to all parts of Iraq, and we suggested finding a new legal organization in the Iraqi legislation , by regulating the substantive provisions of the system of ownership of floors and apartments in the Iraqi civil law, and the necessity of developing a special law dealing with the detailed provisions of this system.
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Fu, Qiqi. "Improvement of the Legislative Provisions of the Patent Pledge Financing in P2P Online Loan Platform." In Proceedings of the 2018 International Symposium on Social Science and Management Innovation (SSMI 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssmi-18.2019.23.

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Semyakin, Mikhail. "Reformation of the Russian Civil Code in the Context of Human Rights Protection." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-20.

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In connection with the reform of civil legislation, several amendments are being drafted into the Russian Civil Code, in particular into the institute of property rights, which need to be scientifically analysed from the perspective of ensuring that citizens’ rights are adequately protected. The study is to scientifically evaluate the proposed amendments, and to develop individual recommendations for their improvement. Besides general scientific methodology, the following specific scientific study methods were employed: dogmatic, formal-logic, comparative-legal, as well as methods of interpreting normative material and analysing court practice. In the context of the protection of the rights and legal interests of civilians, an analysis was carried out of the projected regulations on the institute of property rights and the individual novelties contained in the Law ‘On introducing amendments to Part One of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation’ have been examined. In general, the proposed amendments to the institution of proprietary rights implying the assurance of proper protection of rights of bona fide individuals are adequately protected. Particular attention was paid to certain contentious points between the designed amendments and effective legislative provisions, in particular those relating to the rights of the previous owner of the property and the good faith purchaser of the property in question. Recommendations regarding certain incorrect provisions were given, particularly in relation to recognising a real estate acquirer as a bona fide purchaser who relied on data from the state register until it is proven in court that he knew that there was no right to alienate the concerned property. The draft amendments are considered for the first time in the context of the proper protection of citizens’ rights and in close connection with the provisions of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation and the European principle of proportionality.
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Popova, Nelly. "CHALLENGES TO THE TAXATION OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.233.

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Globalization and digitalization have led to the emergence of new business models based on the remote provision of services. Digital companies have access to consumers in countries all over the world without physical presence in these countries. As a result, their profits remain untaxed. There is an increasing awareness that the existing legislative provisions for corporate income taxation that date back to the 1920s need to be modernized. Currently, the possibilities for taxation of digital businesses are discussed in the context of the OECD and EU. However, progress is slow due to the different views and interests of the countries involved. Therefore, several countries have planned or already introduced digital taxes unilaterally. The purpose of the paper is to explore the specifics of digital taxes and to analyze the possibilities and challenges to their broader application. The paper is organized as follows: the first part outlines the most important digital business models; the second part dwells on the digital taxes that are implemented in several countries; the third part presents the projects for international coordination of these taxes; and the fourth part concludes.
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Azeez, Sardar. ""Violation of the principle of equality when drafting the punitive text Legislation issued by the Parliament of the Kurdistan Region as a model"." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp85-103.

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Observing the principle of equality when drafting punitive texts is one of the basic components of successful legislative drafting . And that equality before the law is closely related to justice, because justice requires the formulation of the rules of the law in a general and abstract manner in a way that all those who address the law enjoy its protection and are subject to accountability. Since there are international charters and treaties that Iraq has joined or ratified, most of them contain explicit texts about the equality of individuals before the law. Therefore, the legislative drafting of punitive texts in a manner that achieves equality is an implementation of the international obligations resulting from ratification or accession to these international conventions and treaties. In addition, laws that are legislated in contravention of the principle of equality are considered unconstitutional laws because they are in violation of the Constitution, and the provisions of ordinary law may not contradict the principles of the Constitution.
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Battalova, Sania. "The right to reading: The principles of the Marrakesh Treaty in Russia." In The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations. Russian National Public Library for Science and Technology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/978-5-85638-223-4-2020-38-43.

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The Marrakesh Treaty on facilitating access for blind and visually impaired people and people with print disabilities to published works is one of the first international treaties in copyright aimed at widening the access to printed works under the copyright for up to 300 million people with print disabilities. The member states are to amend their national laws correspondingly. Russia ratified the Treaty in November, 2017 2 [4] and on May 8, 2018, the Treaty will come into effect in this country. By doing this, Russia accepts responsibility to eliminate legislative barriers preventing inequality of blind, visually impaired people and persons with print disabilities in the access to books and other materials and widening this access. The key Treaty provisions are analyzed; amendments to and provisions of the RF copyright law are discussed as they are to enable the libraries and other organizations to provide the rights to equal access to the information and knowledge for the target groups of population.
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Černohorská, Liběna, Jana Janderová, and Veronika Procházková. "Monetary Policy Before and After the Financial Crisis and Its Economic and Legislative Impacts – Case of The Czech Republic." In 2nd International Conference on Business, Management and Finance. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icbmf.2019.11.775.

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The article analyses monetary policy response to the world financial crisis and focuses more closely on the monetary policy of the Czech National Bank (CNB) at this time. Until 2007, the implementation of monetary policy in OECD countries was perceived very positively. However, the financial crisis has clearly shown that the world’s financial markets are highly interconnected, and this can have a major impact on individual national economies. Therefore, the monetary policy strategy has changed from a policy based on the so-called flexible inflation targeting. Ensuring price stability is emphasised as part of the monetary policy role of the CNB in the provisions of Article 98 of the Constitution, in the Czech Republic. CNB is perceived as one of the most independent central banks, the contituional dimension of its independence being confirmed by case law of the Czech Constitutional Court. In response to the financial crisis, CNB was forced to pursue unconventional monetary policy in the form of foreign exchange interventions between 2013 and 2017. However, during the time period of these interventions, CNB policy did not lead to achievement of the inflation target. Following the completion of foreign exchange interventions, CNB returned to conventional monetary policy through interest rates.
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Pandilova, Nadya. "TRANSPORT CRIMES IN THE CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL NEGLIGENCE." In THE LAW AND THE BUSINESS IN THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY 2020. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/lbcs2020.298.

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This report aims to reveal and examine the historical aspects of the separation of certain transport crimes from the crimes committed with professional negligence. For a long period, the doctrine had the understanding that the transport activities being a source of major danger are only an aspect of the issues regarding professional negligence. In relation to that, the crimes committed by drivers (whether these drivers were professional or unprofessional) were qualified as crimes committed with professional negligence (under art. 131 and art. 146 of the Criminal Code from 1956), while only crimes committed by transport workers and employees were qualified under the special constituent elements of the crimes under art. 333 and art. 334 of the Criminal Code from 1956. Through amendments in 1982 with the Act to Amend and Supplement the Criminal Code, the drivers are included in the scope of possible subjects of the crimes against transport and communications along with the transport workers or employees. Through these legislative changes (the adoption of the provisions of art. 342 and art. 343 of the present Criminal Code) the aimed unification in the penal responsibility of the transport workers and the unprofessional drivers of motor vehicles is achieved.
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Reports on the topic "Legislative provisions"

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Battakhov, P. P. MAIN PROVISIONS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE IN RUSSIA. DOICODE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/2276-6598-2020-58823.

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This article discusses the concept of the social orientation of activity and the entrepreneurial approach at the level of the Russian Federation, including a number of aspects of the legal regulation of public relations between organizations of state power and social entrepreneurs. The main problem of the study is the study of the sequence of the assignment of the status of a social enterprise by the authorities Russia at the federal level. Currently, the question is being raised about the adoption of a separate federal legislative act "On the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the Russian Federation." The introduction of the relevant law is necessary, since the reasons are the basis for the inevitability of consideration of public problems and the adoption of relevant official documents in all regions of the Russian Federation.
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Ehrenberg, Ronald, and George Jakubson. Advance Notice Provisions in Plant Closing Legislation: Do They Matter? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w2611.

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Führ, Martin, Julian Schenten, and Silke Kleihauer. Integrating "Green Chemistry" into the Regulatory Framework of European Chemicals Policy. Sonderforschungsgruppe Institutionenanalyse, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46850/sofia.9783941627727.

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20 years ago a concept of “Green Chemistry” was formulated by Paul Anastas and John Warner, aiming at an ambitious agenda to “green” chemical products and processes. Today the concept, laid down in a set of 12 principles, has found support in various arenas. This diffusion was supported by enhancements of the legislative framework; not only in the European Union. Nevertheless industry actors – whilst generally supporting the idea – still see “cost and perception remain barriers to green chemistry uptake”. Thus, the questions arise how additional incentives as well as measures to address the barriers and impediments can be provided. An analysis addressing these questions has to take into account the institutional context for the relevant actors involved in the issue. And it has to reflect the problem perception of the different stakeholders. The supply chain into which the chemicals are distributed are of pivotal importance since they create the demand pull for chemicals designed in accordance with the “Green Chemistry Principles”. Consequently, the scope of this study includes all stages in a chemical’s life-cycle, including the process of designing and producing the final products to which chemical substances contribute. For each stage the most relevant legislative acts, together establishing the regulatory framework of the “chemicals policy” in the EU are analysed. In a nutshell the main elements of the study can be summarized as follows: Green Chemistry (GC) is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products. Besides, reaction efficiency, including energy efficiency, and the use of renewable resources are other motives of Green Chemistry. Putting the GC concept in a broader market context, however, it can only prevail if in the perception of the relevant actors it is linked to tangible business cases. Therefore, the study analyses the product context in which chemistry is to be applied, as well as the substance’s entire life-cycle – in other words, the six stages in product innovation processes): 1. Substance design, 2. Production process, 3. Interaction in the supply chain, 4. Product design, 5. Use phase and 6. After use phase of the product (towards a “circular economy”). The report presents an overview to what extent the existing framework, i.e. legislation and the wider institutional context along the six stages, is setting incentives for actors to adequately address problematic substances and their potential impacts, including the learning processes intended to invoke creativity of various actors to solve challenges posed by these substances. In this respect, measured against the GC and Learning Process assessment criteria, the study identified shortcomings (“delta”) at each stage of product innovation. Some criteria are covered by the regulatory framework and to a relevant extent implemented by the actors. With respect to those criteria, there is thus no priority need for further action. Other criteria are only to a certain degree covered by the regulatory framework, due to various and often interlinked reasons. For those criteria, entry points for options to strengthen or further nuance coverage of the respective principle already exist. Most relevant are the deltas with regard to those instruments that influence the design phase; both for the chemical substance as such and for the end-product containing the substance. Due to the multi-tier supply chains, provisions fostering information, communication and cooperation of the various actors are crucial to underpin the learning processes towards the GCP. The policy options aim to tackle these shortcomings in the context of the respective stage in order to support those actors who are willing to change their attitude and their business decisions towards GC. The findings are in general coherence with the strategies to foster GC identified by the Green Chemistry & Commerce Council.
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The Food Industry’s Provision of Allergen Information to Consumers: A study exploring the provision of allergen information to consumers for non-prepacked food. Food Standards Agency, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.yyu182.

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This study explored the current provision of information on allergenic ingredients by food businesses to consumers for non-prepacked food, and how this has changed since legislative changes came into force in 2014. The study also provides a new baseline on information provided for food prepacked for direct sale (PPDS).
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