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Journal articles on the topic 'Legislative Research'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 27, no. 4 (November 2002): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298002780094921.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 27, no. 2 (May 2002): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298002780154834.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 27, no. 3 (August 2002): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298002780155103.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 27, no. 1 (February 2002): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298002780193705.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 28, no. 3 (August 2003): 431–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298003779970181.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 28, no. 4 (November 2003): 579–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298003780030065.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 28, no. 2 (May 2003): 281–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298003780030164.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 28, no. 1 (February 2003): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298003780093868.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 29, no. 4 (November 2004): 631–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298004779808144.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 29, no. 3 (August 2004): 469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298004779969984.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 29, no. 2 (May 2004): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298004779970126.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 29, no. 1 (February 2004): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298004780357260.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 30, no. 4 (November 2005): 625–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298005779702681.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 30, no. 3 (August 2005): 463–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298005779702726.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 30, no. 2 (May 2005): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298005779763576.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 30, no. 1 (February 2005): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298005779784672.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 31, no. 1 (February 2006): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298006779659742.

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AHUJA, SUNIL. "Legislative Research Reports." Legislative Studies Quarterly 31, no. 2 (May 2006): 307–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3162/036298006779702554.

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SIEMENS, ANGIE. "Legislative View of Research." Poultry Science 71, no. 8 (August 1992): 1325–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3382/ps.0711325.

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König, Thomas, Brooke Luetgert, and Tanja Dannwolf. "Quantifying European Legislative Research." European Union Politics 7, no. 4 (December 2006): 553–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116506069444.

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21

Wyburn, Mary. "Freedom of Information Applications and the Confidentiality of University Research and Research Review Processes." QUT Law Review 18, no. 2 (January 25, 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v18i2.736.

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There have been a number of disputed freedom of information (FOI) applications concerning research conducted at Australian universities. This article explores how FOI legislative principles favouring disclosure and the legislative exemptions operate where the content, methodologies, funding and ethics processes of university research are being questioned. It examines several decisions, identifying the types of research related information being sought by FOI applicants and the main grounds relied upon to refuse disclosure. It focuses on the balancing of the disclosure required under FOI legislation and the confidentiality that many argue is an essential element of the university research environment.
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22

Hastings, Sam, and Kate Doust. "An Overview of Post-Legislative Scrutiny in Western Australia." Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights 3, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v3i2.13599.

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Twenty years ago, the House of Lords Select Committee into the Constitution focused attention back onto the concept of post-legislative scrutiny. Since then, a clear framework and momentum for systematic post-legislative scrutiny has developed which has enabled parliaments to strengthen their role in the legislative process. However, there is a dearth of academic research into post-legislative scrutiny in Australian jurisdictions. Currently, there is no clear picture of the extent of post-legislative scrutiny in Western Australia and the factors in support, and challenges in implementing, systematic review of legislation. This article examines the extent of post-legislative scrutiny conducted by or overseen by the Parliament of Western Australia. An analysis of review reports and parliamentary debates reveals the outcomes of post-legislative scrutiny by the Executive. This article also examines outcomes of post-legislative scrutiny conducted by parliament through the application of the Westminster Foundation for Democracy’s Principles of Post-Legislative Scrutiny. Finally, barriers to post-legislative scrutiny by the legislature and options for reform are explored.
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23

Hammond, Susan Webb. "Recent Research on Legislative Staffs." Legislative Studies Quarterly 21, no. 4 (November 1996): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/440461.

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Stabile, Bonnie. "What's the matter by Kansas? Legislative debates over stem cell research in Kansas and Massachusetts." Politics and the Life Sciences 28, no. 1 (March 2009): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2990/28_1_17.

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This paper examines the contextual factors shaping legislative debates affecting stem cell research in two states, Kansas and Massachusetts, which both permit therapeutic cloning for stem cell research but markedly vary in their legislative approach to the issue. In Kansas, restrictive legislation was proposed but effectively blocked by research proponents, while in Massachusetts permissive legislation was successfully implemented under the auspices of an act to promote stem cell research. The importance of university and industry involvement is highlighted in each case, as are the roles of enterprising and persistent policy entrepreneurs. Providing a close examination of the policy process attending the cloning debate in these states is intended to contribute to an enhanced understanding of the cloning-policy process as it has played out at the state level, with an eye toward informing legislative debates over related biotechnical advances in the future.
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Hamm, Keith E. "An Assessment of State-Legislative Research." PS: Political Science & Politics 52, no. 03 (March 20, 2019): 440–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096519000106.

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SHAPIRO, ROBYN S. "Legislative Research Bans on Human Cloning." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 12, no. 4 (August 7, 2003): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180103124085.

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Recently, the U.S. House of Representatives voted, for the second time in two years, to ban all human-cloning research, whether the research involves reproduction or creating cells that might be used to understand and treat disease. As I explain in this article, the proposed legislation has important implications not only for human cloning research but also for research in general.
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Westcott, Helen L. "The 1991 Criminal Justice Act: Research on Children's Testimony." Adoption & Fostering 16, no. 3 (October 1992): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599201600305.

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The 1991 Criminal Justice Act introduced new legislation governing the way children may testify in courts in England and Wales. Helen Westcott reviews these legislative reforms in the light of recent research on child witnesses, and highlights some of the difficulties which will still remain for children called to testify.
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28

Land, Brian. "Legislative Reference and Research Services in Canada." Reference Librarian 11, no. 25-26 (January 5, 1990): 569–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j120v11n25_29.

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Clucas, Richard A. "Improving the Harvest of State Legislative Research." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 3, no. 4 (December 2003): 387–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153244000300300404.

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30

Morrison, A. R., and D. P. Purpura. "Washington Watch: Legislative shift on animal research." BioScience 40, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioscience/40.3.172.

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31

Gray, Bradford H. "The Legislative Battle Over Health Services Research." Health Affairs 11, no. 4 (January 1992): 38–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.11.4.38.

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32

Burningham, Sarah. "Cell therapy research and innovation." Medical Law International 12, no. 3-4 (December 2012): 204–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0968533213479792.

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This paper discusses the privacy challenges associated with cell therapy research and related innovations. A review of privacy issues identified in the academic literature reveals both theoretical and practical challenges. The author considers the governance of privacy issues in this context by Canadian legislative, jurisprudential and ethical privacy frameworks, paying particular attention to the application of data protection legislation to tissue research. The author briefly examines relevant international instruments and the approaches by the United Kingdom and the United States. The current Canadian regulatory framework, as applied to cell therapy research, fails to provide robust, comprehensive privacy protection.
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Fauzi, Nfn. "Political Communication of Legislative Candidate in Affecting Political Participation in the North Aceh District (Komunikasi Politik Calon Legislatif dalam Memengaruhi Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat di Kabupaten Aceh Utara)." Journal Pekommas 3, no. 1 (September 12, 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30818/jpkm.2018.2030107.

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This study discusses the political communication of legislative candidates in influencing the political participation of the community in North Aceh District. Political communication is a process of communication or the process of giving symbols or symbols of communication containing political messages that have implications affect the attitudes and behavior of audiences who become political targets. Legislative candidates are elected by the general election through legislative elections normally proposed by political parties. This research uses survey method with mixmethod approach, quantitative and qualitative. Based on the results of the research, political communication of legislative candidates influences the political participation of the people in Aceh Utara Regency by 33.2% and the rest is influenced by other things that are not examined. Coefficient of positive value means the more effective political communication of legislative candidates, then the increasing political participation of the community. Likewise, the results of interviews with political figures show that political messages are arranged in such a way by the legislative candidates submitted at the time of the campaign either face to face or through mass media and the ability to communicate or convey messages may affect the participation of the people to vote for the legislative candidate in legislative elections.Penelitian ini membahas mengenai komunikasi politik calon legislatif dalam memengaruhi partisipasi politik masyarakat di Kabupaten Aceh Utara. Komunikasi politik merupakan suatu proses komunikasi atau proses pemberian lambang-lambang atau simbol-simbol komunikasi yang berisikan pesan-pesan politik yang memiliki implikasi memengaruhi sikap dan tingkah laku khalayak yang menjadi target politik. Calon legislatif dipilih masyarakat melalui pemilihan umum legislatif yang biasanya diajukan oleh partai politik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan mixmethod, kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, komunikasi politik calon legislatif memengaruhi partisipasi politik masyarakat di Kabupaten Aceh Utara sebesar 33,2% dan sisanya dipengaruhi hal-hal lain yang tidak diteliti. Koefisien bernilai positif artinya semakin efektif komunikasi politik calon legislatif, maka semakin meningkat partisipasi politik masyarakat. Begitu juga dengan hasil wawancara dengan tokoh politik menunjukkan bahwa pesan-pesan politik yang disusun dengan sedemikian rupa oleh calon legislatif yang disampaikan pada saat kampanye baik secara tatap muka maupun melalui media massa dan kemampuan berkomunikasi atau menyampaikan pesan dapat memengaruhi partisipasi masyarakat untuk memilih calon legislatif tersebut dalam pemilu legislatif.
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Priambudi, Zaki, Namira Hilda Papuani, and Ramdhan Prawira Mulya Iskandar. "Optimizing Omnibus Law in Indonesia: A Legal Enquiry on the Use of Artificial Intelligence for Legislative Drafting." Indonesian Journal of Law and Society 2, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/ijls.v2i1.21787.

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Omnibus law is often regarded as a practical solution to harmonize and synchronize statutory regulations. In practice, the application of this model tends to be pragmatic and less democratic. This paper aims to analyze the essential considerations for selecting the omnibus law model in Indonesia, following its implementation challenges and the relevance of using Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the legislation. By combining doctrinal and socio-legal research methods, this paper answers the legal enquiry for optimizing AI through omnibus law model legislation. The results of this study indicate that AI cannot immediately replace the role of the legislative institution but it merely acts as a "tool" and not as a "determinant" in the legislative process. In this context, there are two AI features that can assist legislative bodies in designing the omnibus law model; they are document review as a construction scanner for legislation and predictive analytics as a prediction system. Both features can help legislative bodies optimize the omnibus law model, which tends to have a high complexity level. As a follow-up, the government should establish a special institution to optimizing the AI-based legislation. KEYWORDS: Omnibus Law, Artificial Intelligence, Legislative Drafting, Public Participation.
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35

Akirav, Osnat. "Re-election: Different Skills for Different Roles." Government and Opposition 50, no. 1 (November 12, 2013): 90–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/gov.2013.39.

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The current research examines the ability of legislators to be re-elected through fulfilling their three roles: legislation, oversight and representation. This study also re-examines Mayhew's claim (1974) that most legislators are motivated by a desire to be re-elected, and that this desire drives their legislative activity through its utility in advertising, credit claiming and position taking. We argue that the skills required for selection and re-election are different from those required for enacting legislation. Thus, we distinguish between two types of legislators – those who are electable and those who are successful in the legislature.
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Sugiarto, M. Dwi, and Yuwanto Yuwanto. "Celebrities in the Recruitment of Candidates for Legislative Members of the Indonesian Parliament in the Legislative Elections." JURNAL ILMU SOSIAL 19, no. 2 (July 25, 2020): 117–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jis.19.2.2020.117-136.

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The 2019 Legislative Election featured many celebrities involved in the contestation, where a total of 11 of the 16 political parties had legislative candidates from the celebrity circles. Democratic National Party (NasDem) became the party that nominated most celebrities as legislative candidates. Armed with the popularity that has made celebrities attract political parties to nominate them to increase the vote acquisition and even the number of seats. The process of recruiting legislative candidates from celebrities by the NasDem Party is the focus of this research on how the approach and process are carried out. The study uses qualitative analysis with a descriptive approach to describe the process that occurs through interviews and review of documents and news as a source of data. The results obtained indicate that the NasDem Party’s legislative candidate was recruited using an approach that involved the NasDem Party elite and fellow celebrities as intermediaries. Factors driving celebrities to become the NasDem Party’s legislative candidates are moral support (debriefing, fostering, and active interaction with party elites) and material (Campaign Props, campaign costs, financial reimbursement), Indonesian Restoration slogans, and anti-dowry politics, as well as egalitarian politics attitudes. Celebrity-related research in politics has focused a lot on the role of transformation from entertainment to politics. In contrast, this research has focused on recruiting celebrities as legislative candidates by the NasDem Party.
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37

Morelli, Massimo, Moritz Osnabrügge, and Matia Vannoni. "Legislative Activity and Private Benefits: A Natural Experiment in New Zealand." Political Science Research and Methods 8, no. 3 (March 27, 2019): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/psrm.2018.66.

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AbstractWe examine the causal effect of legislative activity on private benefits, which have been largely neglected by previous research in legislative studies. By relying on a natural experiment in New Zealand, where randomly selected Members of Parliament (MPs) are given the opportunity to propose legislation, we find evidence for a causal relation between proposing a (successful) bill and the private benefits MPs receive, in terms of gifts and payments for services. We conclude that the allocation of private benefits depends on legislative performance.
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Chaia, Vera. "A COBERTURA JORNALÍSTICA DO LEGISLATIVO: AGENDA DE PESQUISA (THE JOURNALISM'S LEGISLATIVE COVERAGE: A RESEARCH AGENDA)." E-Legis - Revista Eletrônica do Programa de Pós-Graduação da Câmara dos Deputados 16, no. 16 (April 30, 2015): 7–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51206/e-legis.v16i16.224.

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Este artigo tem como objetivo recuperar pesquisas e estudos realizados pela autora sobre essa temática no período de 1992 a 2014, visando analisar o acompanhamento da cobertura jornalística do Poder Legislativo brasileiro. A pesquisa demonstra a importância dos meios de comunicação de massa na política e como a centralidade desses meios influencia e altera o funcionamento da política.
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Robinson, William H. "Legislative Research: Essential Roles and Standards of Excellence." International Journal of Legal Information 29, no. 3 (2001): 560–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500001037.

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“Knowledge willforever govern ignorance; and if a people would govern themselves, theymustfirst arm themselves with the power that knowledge brings.”James Madison (4th President of the United States, and credited with being the primary author of the U.S. Constitution)The founding fathers of the U.S. Constitution had an abiding faith in the power that knowledge bestows. The notion that “knowledge is power” dates back to the teachings of philosophers (from Bacon to Nietzsche), and was understood and practiced long before that by statesmen, scoundrels, and spies of all ages. The ancient Chinese ruled for millennia by maintaining a monopoly on knowledge and education.
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Ramsden, Graham P. "State Legislative Campaign Finance Research: A Review Essay." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 2, no. 2 (June 2002): 176–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153244000200200204.

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Over the last 10 years, a great deal of research has been conducted in what had been a neglected field—state legislative campaign finance. Much of this research is motivated by concerns about the impact of money on democracy in state legislative elections. This essay reviews that work critically, looking particularly at studies of spending levels, campaign contributions and fundraising, spending and voting, and campaign finance reform. Comparing campaign finance systems across the states facilitates theory building, provides empirical leverage with which to test hypotheses developed at the congressional level, and allows us to test the efficacy of campaign finance reforms.
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41

Amiot, Charlie. "Congressional Research Service Products: Purpose and Legislative Histories." Legal Reference Services Quarterly 37, no. 3-4 (October 2, 2018): 273–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0270319x.2018.1552054.

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42

Jeong, Kangchan. "Stem Cell Research in Korea: A Legislative Aspect." Journal of East Asia and International Law 1, no. 1 (May 30, 2008): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14330/jeail.2008.1.1.06.

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43

Dennison, Ngaire, and Anja Petrie. "Legislative framework for animal research in the UK." In Practice 42, no. 9 (November 2020): 488–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/inp.m3920.

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Bassett, Mark, Suzanne Wilkinson, and Sandeeka Mannakkara. "Legislation for building back better of horizontal infrastructure." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 26, no. 1 (February 6, 2017): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-03-2016-0054.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how post-disaster legislation can be used to support building back better (BBB) in the horizontal infrastructure sector (roading, water, wastewater and stormwater networks). Design/methodology/approach A case study approach was taken looking at the rebuild following the Canterbury earthquakes in New Zealand. Data were collected through document analysis and semi-structured open-ended interviews with members of the organization responsible for implementing the horizontal infrastructure rebuild. Findings The results showed that the post-disaster legislative actions taken in Christchurch were comparable to existing findings on post-disaster legislative best practices in developed countries. This study confirmed that post-disaster legislation is an effective mechanism to support BBB through enforcing BBB concepts such as risk reduction and better implementation, and facilitating the recovery process to improve efficiency. Research limitations/implications It is recommended that this study is extended to conduct similar case studies in other countries to further explore legislative implications in different sectors as well as different legislative environments. Originality/value This paper makes a valuable contribution to existing research on how post-disaster legislation can be used to support BBB in the horizontal infrastructure sector. The findings also add to wider knowledge on the Canterbury earthquakes recovery process.
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Aginta, Wella Tiara, and Akhmad Khisni. "Legal Certainty Of Notary That Leave Because Inducted Into Legislature." Jurnal Akta 6, no. 4 (February 6, 2020): 727. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v6i4.7576.

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The purpose of this study were 1) to analyze and explain the legal certainty of the notary who leave because inducted into the legislature. 2) To analyze and explain the barriers and solutions to the notary who leave because inducted into the legislature. The method used by researchers is normative legal approach and specification in this study were included descriptive analysis. The sources and types of data in this research is secondary data obtained from the study of literature. Based on the results of research that Legal certainty to the notary who leave because inducted into the legislature is always referred substitute notary replaced and the decree was not revoked. Normative, legal certainty it requires the availability of devices legislation which is operationally able to support its implementation. Empirically the existence of legislation that need to be consistent and inconsistent human resources and supporting Notary Supervisory Council. In the execution of a notary who leave because inducted into the legislative, which makes barriers in this issue, namely: a) Could not intensively guiding the deed made by the notary substitute; b) Can not make corrections formal and substantive evidence against the deeds were made but the name remained imprinted substitute notary; c) Can not guarantee against legal certainty to the deed made by the notary substitute; d) Can not / are not able to use the time off was good. Solutions to overcome barriers to notaries who leave because inducted into the legislature is to reinforce the requirement for nominating a member legislative, not just for not practicing (on leave) but with resignation as a notary or PPAT and release all the attributes (nameplate, office practices, and so on ).Keywords: Rule of Law; Notaries; Leave; Legislature.
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46

Balashova, Elena Yu, Olga V. Nagoga, and Elena A. Makshantseva. "The pragmalinguistic analysis of legislative genre (based on texts of german laws)." International Journal “Speech Genres” 30, no. 2 (May 25, 2021): 101–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/2311-0740-2021-2-30-101-108.

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As a rule, legal genres are subdivided into three large thematic groups: “Legislation” (laws, regulations, instructions, acts, orders), “Case law” (judicial decisions, appeals, protocols, court orders and court inquiries), “Official documentation” (official correspondence, reports, contracts). This research focuses on the pragmalinguistic and linguo-stylistic analysis of German legislative texts. The authors describe the characteristics of legislative genres and single out their general and special language functions. The relevance of the article is based on the fact that in Russia and abroad there are few linguistic papers on the analysis of legislative genre and law texts. In the meantime, the given research direction is highly prospective for interdisciplinary studies. The authors argue that the function of nomination, the function of message, the function of influence and the function of communication are vividly manifested in legislative genre via multilevel language means. A pragmatic analysis of the legal norms of the German legislative texts shows that the latter are characterized by imperative and dispositive legal norms, while recommendatory legal norms for the texts of German laws are less typical. The methodological base of research includes contextual and functional analysis, linguo-stylistic techniques as well as descriptive and linguo-pragmatic methods of analysis.
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47

Yarymovych, Uliana. "Problematic Issues in the Protection of the Rights of European Investors in Corporate Relationships in Ukraine." Baltic Journal of Law & Politics 12, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjlp-2019-0005.

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Abstract An unfavorable investment climate, especially in the sphere of corporate relationships, necessitates the revision of investment and corporate legislation in Ukraine. The purposes of this study are to reveal the particular legislative defects and the practical problems caused by these defects that European investors may face during the realization of their corporate rights in Ukraine and to evaluate how Ukrainian investment law, particularly legal norms aimed at protection of investors’ rights, corresponds to international (European) standards. This research identifies gaps and contradictions in Ukrainian legislation in the sphere of corporate investment that cause difficulties in practical applications and attempts to find ways to solve these problems. This paper argues that most problems caused by legislative contradictions can be solved by using the rule of the correlation of general and special normative legal acts, unlike legislative gaps, which must be eliminated by appropriate legislative amendments.
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48

Opalo, Ken Ochieng’. "Constrained Presidential Power in Africa? Legislative Independence and Executive Rule Making in Kenya, 1963–2013." British Journal of Political Science 50, no. 4 (January 30, 2019): 1341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123418000492.

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AbstractDo institutions constrain presidential power in Africa? Conventional wisdom holds that personalist rule grants African presidents unchecked powers. Consequently, there is very little research on African institutions such as legislatures and their impact on executive authority. In this article, the author uses original data on the exercise of presidential authority (issuance of subsidiary legislation) to examine how legislative independence conditions presidential rule making in Kenya. The study exploits quasi-exogenous changes in legislative independence, and finds that Kenyan presidents issue relatively more Legal Notices under periods of legislative weakness, but are constrained from doing so under periods of legislative independence. These findings shed new light on institutional politics in Kenya, and illustrate how executive–legislative relations in the country conform to standard predictions in the literature on unilateral executive action.
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BARZILOVA, INNA. "FORMATION OF HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL STRUCTURES OF THE RUSSIAN LEGISLATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES." Sociopolitical sciences 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2020): 132–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2020-10-2-132-138.

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The purpose of the research. The article discusses the problems of forming horizontal and vertical ties in Russian legislation system. The process of transformation of the Russian legal system in the context of the development of digital technologies, the ongoing changes in the modern mechanism of legal regulation are analyzed. The purpose of the research is to establish and identify the features of existing horizontal and vertical relationships that exist and arise between normative acts included in the system of legislation. This is necessary to determine the main directions for the development of the Russian legal system in the context of digital technologies. Results. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that vertical and horizontal connections can be distinguished in the system of Russian legislation. The subject of legal regulation and the system of public administration are singled out as grounds. In the context of the development of digital technologies, it is advisable to supplement these criteria with a more subjective approach and the legal regime used in the field of legislation. The author comes to the conclusion that vertical and horizontal links between normative acts are formed at the level of the legal system, while the legal system is characterized by the presence of only horizontal links. The legal system is much larger than the legislative system. The legislative system includes not only normative legal acts, but also various technical rules and regulations. In the system of legislation, it is possible to distinguish separate complex entities that regulate a certain sphere of public relations. Having a man-made nature, the legislative system can respond more quickly to changes in public life. The author concludes that it is necessary to use a more differentiated approach in determining the branches of the legislative system. Here, too, the subject approach can be used as a solution.
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Tama, Jordan. "Forcing the President's Hand: How the US Congress Shapes Foreign Policy through Sanctions Legislation." Foreign Policy Analysis 16, no. 3 (July 27, 2019): 397–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fpa/orz018.

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Abstract Given the US president's leading role in many areas of American foreign policy, one might expect the president to prevail in executive-legislative clashes over economic sanctions. In this paper, I show that, with surprising frequency, US legislators overcome presidential opposition to their sanctions proposals and induce the president to take foreign policy actions that he or she would not otherwise take. My argument explains why the president often signs and implements sanctions legislation despite considering it inadvisable, as well as how sanctions legislation can influence foreign policy actions, the behavior of foreign governments, or international diplomacy in other ways. I support the argument with descriptive statistics based on an original data set of over a hundred legislative sanctions proposals and a case study of the effects of legislative initiatives targeting Iran over a period of two decades. The paper's findings show that legislative activity is more important than some previous research on sanctions and US foreign policy suggests.
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