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Journal articles on the topic 'Legume cover crops'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Foote, William, Keith Edmisten, Randy Wells, and David Jordan. "Defoliant Effects on Cover Crop Germination, Cover Crop Growth, and subsequent Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) Development." Journal of Cotton Science 19, no. 2 (2015): 258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/pgwo8320.

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The price of nitrogen (N) fertilizer has increased to the point where it may be cost effective to grow winter legume cover crops as a sole source of nitrogen for a subsequent cotton crop in North Carolina. Establishing these cover crops is critical to the success of this strategy. In order to optimize legume cover crop establishment, cotton producers may have to overseed legumes into cotton that has or will be sprayed with cotton harvest aids, which may interfere with legume germination and growth. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the effects of commonly used cotton harvest a

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2

Wunsch, E. M., L. W. Bell, and M. J. Bell. "Can legumes provide greater benefits than millet as a spring cover crop in southern Queensland farming systems?" Crop and Pasture Science 68, no. 8 (2017): 746. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp17223.

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Cover crops grown during fallows can increase organic matter inputs, improve soil surface cover to reduce erosion risk, and enhance rainfall infiltration. An experiment compared a chemical fallow control with six different cover crops terminated at either 60 or 90 days after sowing. The commercial choice of millet (Echinochloa esculenta) was compared with two summer legumes (lablab (Lablab purpureus) and soybean (Glycine max)), and three winter legumes (field pea (Pisum sativum), faba bean (Vicia faba) and common vetch (Vicia sativa)). Cover crop biomass growth, atmospheric nitrogen (N) fixati

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3

Veloso, Murilo, Fábio Farias Amorim, Jéssica Pereira de Souza, and Cimélio Bayer. "Impact of Three Decades of Conservation Management Systems on Carbon Management Index and Aggregate Stability." Sustainability 17, no. 8 (2025): 3378. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083378.

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The sustainability of agroecosystems depends on the maintenance of soil organic matter (SOM) and soil aggregate stability, which are key components of soil health. The long-term effects of conservation management systems, such as the adoption of no till (NT) associated with cover crops, on soil quality are still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of NT systems combined with cropping systems ecologically intensified by the presence of legumes on the carbon management index (CMI) and the state of soil aggregation, as sensitive tools to assess the quality of soil

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4

Ott, Stephen L., and William L. Hargrove. "Profits and risks of using crimson clover and hairy vetch cover crops in no-till corn production." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 4, no. 2 (1989): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300002745.

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AbstractWinter legume cover crops are receiving increasing attention from agronomists and farmers as a source of nitrogen for summer crops. While agronomists are continually providing new technical information on using legumes as a nitrogen source, little is known on the economics of their use. Previous economic research on legume cover crops has focused mainly on budgeting analysis. In the present work, a twofactorial experiment was designed to test the use of legumes as a nitrogen source for corn(Zea mays L.)in north Georgia. The first factor was winter cover crop with treatments being crims

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5

Singogo, Wilfred, William J. Lamont, and Charles W. Marr. "Fall-planted Cover Crops Support Good Yields of Muskmelons." HortScience 31, no. 1 (1996): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.1.62.

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Four cover crops {alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. `Kansas Common'), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), Austrian winter pea [Pisum sativum subsp. arvense (L.) Poir], and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. `Tam 107')}, alone and in combination with feedlot beef manure at 5 t·ha–1 were evaluated for 2 years to determine whether sufficient N could be supplied solely by winter cover cropping and manure application to produce high-quality muskmelons (Cucumis melo L. `Magnum 45') in an intensive production system using plastic mulch and drip irrigation. Among the legumes, hairy vetch produced the most bio

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6

Palhano, Matheus G., Jason K. Norsworthy, and Tom Barber. "Evaluation of Chemical Termination Options for Cover Crops." Weed Technology 32, no. 3 (2018): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wet.2017.113.

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AbstractCover crop acreage has substantially increased over the last few years due to the intent of growers to capitalize on federal conservation payments and incorporate sustainable practices into agricultural systems. Despite all the known benefits, widespread adoption of cover crops still remains limited due to potential cost and management requirements. Cover crop termination is crucial, because a poorly controlled cover crop can become a weed and lessen the yield potential of the current cash crop. A field study was conducted in fall 2015 and 2016 at the Arkansas Agricultural Research and

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7

Rose, Terry J., and Lee J. Kearney. "Biomass Production and Potential Fixed Nitrogen Inputs from Leguminous Cover Crops in Subtropical Avocado Plantations." Agronomy 9, no. 2 (2019): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9020070.

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Nitrogen (N) fertiliser is applied to perennial horticultural crops to increase yields, but subsequent N losses in subtropical plantations may be high due to intense rainfall and warmer temperatures. While legume cover crops could potentially contribute N to the tree crops and reduce fertiliser-N requirements, few studies have quantified potential fixed-N inputs from cover crops legumes in tropical or subtropical tree crop systems. To address this, we investigated growth and N fixation of summer-growing Pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W. C. Greg cv. Amarillo) and winter/spring domin

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8

Hallman, Lukas M., John-Paul Fox, Audrey H. Beany, Alan L. Wright, and Lorenzo Rossi. "Evaluation of Legume Cover Crop Species for Citrus Production in Southeast Florida." HortScience 60, no. 1 (2025): 73–80. https://doi.org/10.21273/hortsci18276-24.

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Because of the low fertility soils native to southeast Florida and the high nutrient demand of citrus trees under citrus greening—an endemic bacterial disease impacting nutrient uptake—growers are returning to the use of cover crops to improve soil fertility. Cover crops, specifically legumes, can improve soil nitrogen (N) availability because of their ability to fix N from the atmosphere. More citrus growers in southeast Florida are growing cover crops; however, there is a lack of recent research of suitable legume species and their impact on soil N cycling. To address this gap in the literat

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9

Gselman, A., and B. Kramberger. "Benefits of winter legume cover crops require early sowing." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 59, no. 12 (2008): 1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar08015.

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Winter cover crops are beneficial, especially legumes that can supply nitrogen (N) to the next crop. The purpose of this study, involving separate experiments carried out at 2 different locations in north-eastern Slovenia, was to determine the most appropriate sowing time (early, early autumn SD1; late, mid autumn SD2; very late, late autumn SD3) for winter legumes (Trifolium subterraneum L., T. incarnatum L., T. pratense L., and Vicia villosa Roth) for the optimal yield of beneficial dry matter and soil N cycling. The control treatment used Lolium multiflorum Lam. For legume cover crops in SD

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10

Rothrock, C. S., and W. L. Hargrove. "Influence of legume cover crops and conservation tillage on soil populations of selected fungal genera." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 34, no. 3 (1988): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m88-038.

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The influence of winter legume cover crops and of tillage on soil populations of fungal genera containing plant pathogenic species in the subsequent summer sorghum crop were examined in field studies. Legume cover crops significantly increased populations of Pythium spp. throughout the sorghum crop compared with a rye cover crop or no cover crop. This stimulation of the populations of Pythium spp. was not solely due to colonization of cover-crop residue, as populations were significantly greater at the time the legume cover crop was desiccated. Removal of aboveground residue generally decrease

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11

Silva, Edson Cabral da, Takashi Muraoka, Alefe Viana Souza Bastos, et al. "Nitrogen recovery from fertilizers and cover crops by maize crop under no-tillage system." MAY 2020, no. 14(05):2020 (May 20, 2020): 766–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.05.p2127.

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Crop rotation associated with the use of cover crops promotes the introduction of crop residues to the soil, with direct and indirect effects on the availability of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen (N). The objectives of this study were to estimate the N utilization from 15N-urea and cover crop residues (labelled with 15N) of maize crops grown in succession, and evaluate the effects of the isolated and combined use of cover crops and urea on maize plant height, yield components, and grain yield, grown under a no-tillage system. Field research was conducted in an Oxisol (Rhodic Haplustox),

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12

Foote, William, Keith Edmisten, Randy Wells, David Jordan, and Loren Fisher. "Cotton Response to Nitrogen Derived from Leguminous Cover Crops and Urea Ammonium Nitrate." Journal of Cotton Science 18, no. 3 (2014): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.56454/amgt9650.

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The use of legumes as a winter cover crop and green manure for subsequent summer annual crops in the southeastern U.S. has been limited due to relatively inexpensive sources of nitrogen. However, the cost of synthetic nitrogen has nearly tripled in the last 11 years, stimulating growers to reconsider the use of legumes as a cost-effective source of nitrogen. Selecting an appropriate legume species, timing of cover crop termination, and timing of summer crop planting can be adjusted to supply total season nitrogen needs of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in North Carolina. Crimson clover (Trifol

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13

Entz, M. H., J. R. Thiessen Martens, W. May, and G. P. Lafond. "Black medic (Medicago lupulina) germplasm screening for use as a self-regenerating cover crop on the Canadian Prairies." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 87, no. 4 (2007): 873–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps06053.

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Self-regenerating legumes such as black medic (Medicago lupulina L.) can play an important role as a low-maintenance cover crop in annual cropping systems, provided they produce a large quantity of seed, regenerate successfully from the seedbank, and produce a significant amount of biomass. Twenty-seven accessions of black medic, including the cultivar George, were grown at two locations and assessed for their potential as self-regenerating cover crops in prairie conditions, based on phenological and morphological characteristics. Five accessions with adequate seed production, survival and gro

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14

OBIRI, BEATRICE DARKO, GEOFF BRIGHT, MORAG MCDONALD, JOHN AYISI JATANGO, JOSEPH COBBINA, and FERGUS SINCLAIR. "THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL AND FARMER PERCEPTIONS OF HERBACEOUS LEGUME FALLOWS IN GHANA." Experimental Agriculture 43, no. 3 (2007): 269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479707005005.

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A technology for improving the productivity of short fallows using herbaceous legumes as cover crops was evaluated with farmers in the forest and savannah transition zones of Ghana. Legumes were relayed in maize 5–8 weeks after planting maize, depending on the legume species. An economic analysis of the technology compared with natural fallow over two cropping seasons (2001–2002) showed that the legume fallows were more profitable under the scenarios tested. Farmer assessment of the biological performance of the technology revealed the benefits of weed suppression and soil moisture conservatio

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15

Rácz, Attila, Marianna Vályi-Nagy, Melinda Tar, et al. "Effects of Winter Cereals (Triticum aestivum L., Hordeum vulgare L., Triticosecale Wittmack) and Winter Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Intercropping on Weed Cover in South-Eastern and Central Hungary." Agronomy 13, no. 5 (2023): 1319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051319.

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Growing two or more crops together in the same area at the same time, called intercropping, is a well-known agroecological method of weed suppression. Cereal-legume intercropping systems are of great importance in increasing biodiversity in arable lands. In cereal-legume mixtures, cereals provide physical support to legumes and enhance weed suppression. Cereals have a stronger weed suppression ability than peas. The aim of our research was to determine the weed composition and weed cover of pure winter wheat, pure barley, pure triticale and pure winter pea, as well as associated wheat-pea, bar

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16

Hutasoit, Rijanto. "Evaluation of four pasture legumes species as forages and cover crops in oil palm plantation." Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner 22, no. 3 (2018): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v22i3.1801.

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Pasture legumes is a very high quality of forage. The limited land is the problem of its development. Integration with oil palm plantations is one of the potentials for its development. This study was aimed to investigate the productivity of several legumes (Arachis glabrata, Stylosanthes guianensis, Clitoria ternatea, and Chamaecrista rotundifolia) as forages and cover crop. The potential tests were conducted in oil palm area of 4608 m<sup>2</sup>, in a complete block design with four treatments (legume species) and three replications. Parameters observed were: Legum production, l

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17

Parvin, Shahnaj, Jason Condon, and Terry J. Rose. "Potential Nitrogen Contributions by Tropical Legume Summer Cover Crops in Mediterranean-Type Cropping Systems." Nitrogen 3, no. 4 (2022): 592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen3040038.

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Legume cover crops in temperate cropping systems can fix substantial amounts of nitrogen (N) and reduce N fertiliser requirements for subsequent crops. However, little is known about potential biological N2 fixation by summer cover crop legumes in the short summer fallow in Mediterranean-type cropping systems. Six legume species (balansa clover, barrel medic, mung bean, sunn hemp, lablab and cowpea) were grown for 8–9 weeks in the field in semi-arid southern Australia during the summer fallow, and in a glasshouse experiment, to estimate N2 fixation using the 15N natural abundance method. Cowpe

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18

Sullivan, Preston G., David J. Parrish, and John M. Luna. "Cover crop contributions to N supply and water conservation in corn production." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 6, no. 3 (1991): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300003982.

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AbstractWinter annual legume cover crops can reduce nitrogen (N) fertilizer requirements and provide a water-conserving mulch to a subsequent crop. A two-year study was designed to test cover crops of rye (Secale cereale L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), and big/lower vetch (Vicia grandiflora Scopoli) for their ability to produce N and to conserve soil water for a succeeding corn (Zea mays L.) crop. We measured the cover crops' biomass, N yield, carbon (C) to N ratio, and influence on a subsequent corn crop grown under two tillage regimes (disk tillage or no-till). Nitrogen content in cov

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19

Phatak, S. C., D. R. Sumner, R. B. Chalfant, et al. "COVER CROPS AND PEST MANAGEMENT." HortScience 30, no. 3 (1995): 429f—429. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.3.429f.

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Cover crops relay-cropped with vegetables with conservation tillage were compared with fallow conventional production for 10 years. Conservation till-relay received no pesticide and only one-quarter the recommended fertilizers. Winter cover provided significantly better weed control than conventional. Weed problems in relay occurred only in the rows where vegetables were planted. Legume winter covers increased soilborne organisms but did not influence root disease severity or postemergence damping-off. Thrips, aphids, and whiteflies were most frequent. These pests remained below the economic t

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20

Brainard, Daniel C., Robin R. Bellinder, and Virender Kumar. "Grass–Legume Mixtures and Soil Fertility Affect Cover Crop Performance and Weed Seed Production." Weed Technology 25, no. 3 (2011): 473–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-10-00134.1.

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Summer leguminous cover crops can improve soil health and reduce the economic and environmental costs associated with N fertilizers. However, adoption is often constrained by poor weed suppression compared to nonlegume cover crops. In field experiments conducted in organic vegetable cropping systems in north-central New York, two primary hypotheses were tested: (1) mixtures of legume cover crops (cowpea and soybean) with grasses (sorghum–sudangrass and Japanese millet) reduce weed seed production and increase cover crop productivity relative to legume monocultures and (2) higher soil fertility

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21

Silva, Edson Cabral da, Takashi Muraoka, Vinícius Ide Franzini, et al. "Use of nitrogen from fertilizer and cover crops by upland rice in an Oxisol under no-tillage in the Cerrado." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 51, no. 6 (2016): 728–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2016000600004.

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Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of cover crops on the yield of upland rice (Oryza sativa) grown under no-tillage system, in the presence and absence of N fertilizer, as well as to quantify, in the field, the use efficiency of N from urea and cover crops by upland rice, through the 15N isotope dilution technique. The field experiment was carried out in the municipality of Selvíria, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in an Oxisol (Rhodic Hapludox) in the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) region. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with 15 t

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Wiggins, Matthew S., Robert M. Hayes, and Lawrence E. Steckel. "Evaluating Cover Crops and Herbicides for Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Cotton." Weed Technology 30, no. 2 (2016): 415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00113.1.

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Glyphosate-resistant (GR) weeds, especially GR Palmer amaranth, are very problematic in cotton-producing areas of the midsouthern region of the United States. Growers rely heavily on PRE residual herbicides to control Palmer amaranth since few effective POST options exist. Interest in integrating high-residue cover crops with existing herbicide programs to combat GR weeds has increased. Research was conducted in 2013 and 2014 in Tennessee to evaluate GR Palmer amaranth control when integrating cover crops and PRE residual herbicides. Cereal rye, crimson clover, hairy vetch, winter wheat, and c

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Nolla, Antonio, Ivo Jucksh, João Henrique Castaldo, et al. "Soil coverage, phytomass production and nutrient accumulation at intercropping maize and legumes system." 2019 13, (03) 2019 (2019): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.19.13.03.p633.

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Intercropping of maize and legume cover crop is currently usual at low technological areas, due to some high benefits and potential such as suppressing weeds, recycling nutrients and coverage of the soil. Suppression of weed is important due to its huge competitory impact on the commercial crops. The nutrient recycling is also important becuase it reduces usage of fertilizers on low technological agriculture. The soil coverage is important to prevent the erosion and reduce the nutrient leaching. All those positive effects can be influenced by type of cultivated species on the intercropping con

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Varshney, Rajeev K., and Himabindu Kudapa. "Legume biology: the basis for crop improvement." Functional Plant Biology 40, no. 12 (2013): v. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fpv40n12_fo.

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Legumes represent the most valued food sources in agriculture after cereals. Despite the advances made in breeding food legumes, there is a need to develop and further improve legume productivity to meet increasing food demand worldwide. Several biotic and abiotic stresses affect legume crop productivity throughout the world. The study of legume genetics, genomics and biology are all important in order to understand the limitations of yield of legume crops and to support our legume breeding programs. With the advent of huge genomic resources and modern technologies, legume research can be dire

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Ikokwu Kalu., OKORE,, NWAGWU, Francis Aniezi., and EGWUNATUM, Anslem Enwelem. "IMPACT OF CREEPING VEGETABLE COVER CROPS ON MINERAL N AND MICROBIAL GROUP POPULATION OF A SANDY LOAM ULTISOL UNDER IMMATURE RUBBER PLANTATION IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA." Environment & Ecosystem Science 7, no. 1 (2023): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26480/ees.01.2023.16.20.

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The use of forage legume species as cover crops in the management of immature rubber plantation soils is not attractive to smallholder rubber farmers (owners of about 75% of the global acreage under rubber production). We sampled immature rubber plantation soils under the following respective creeping vegetable cover crops: Vegetable cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L., Walp. Ssp. Sessquipedallis.), Egusi melon (Cucumeropsis manni Naaudi) and Broadleaf pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) and a forage legume species (Centrosema pubescens) for four consecutive years at the Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria, Be

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Hu, Qijuan, Yuting Zhang, Weidong Cao, et al. "Legume cover crops sequester more soil organic carbon than non-legume cover crops by stimulating microbial transformations." Geoderma 450 (October 2024): 117024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117024.

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Silvestroni, Oriana, Edoardo Dottori, Luca Pallotti, Tania Lattanzi, Rodolfo Santilocchi, and Vania Lanari. "Using Legume-Enriched Cover Crops to Improve Grape Yield and Quality in Hillside Vineyards." Agronomy 14, no. 11 (2024): 2528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14112528.

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Natural covering (NATC) has spread on hillside vineyards of central Italy as a replacement for tillage to reduce soil erosion, although it increased nitrogen and water needs. Therefore, in the current context of global warming, using cover crops (CCs) that require less water and provide nitrogen becomes crucial. The effects of two low-competition legume-enriched CCs in a rainfed hillside vineyard—a perennial legume–grass mixture (PLGM) and an annual legume cover crop of Trifolium alexandrinum (ALTA)—were compared with NATC over three years. PLGM and ALTA provided good levels of soil coverage,

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Bhardwaj, Harbans L. "Muskmelon and Sweet Corn Production with Legume Cover Crops." HortScience 41, no. 5 (2006): 1222–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1222.

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Winter legume cover crops have been successfully used to meet N needs of many summer crops, but they are not being used extensively in Virginia and the mid-Atlantic region, especially for specialty crops such as muskmelon and sweet corn. The objective of these studies was to determine the potential of winter legume cover crops in meeting N needs of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) and sweet corn (Zea mays L.). Comparisons of performances of muskmelon and sweet corn, grown after lupin (Lupinus albus L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth.), Austrian winter pea ([AWP] Pisum arvense L.), and control fer

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Garba, Ismail Ibrahim, and Alwyn Williams. "Integrating Diverse Cover Crops for Fallow Replacement in a Subtropical Dryland: Implications on Subsequent Cash Crop Yield, Grain Quality, and Gross Margins." Agronomy 13, no. 1 (2023): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010271.

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Integrating cover cropping into crop–fallow rotation has been considered a key component of ecological intensification that could mitigate negative productivity and sustainability challenges associated with conventional fallow practices. However, the adoption of cover crops in water-limited environments has been limited by potential soil water and nitrogen (N) costs and resulting yield penalties. We examined the impacts of diverse cover crops on fallow soil water and mineral N dynamics and the legacy impacts on subsequent cash crop productivity and profitability. The cover crops used (forage o

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SUN, Wenli, and Mohamad H. SHAHRAJABIAN. "The effectiveness of Rhizobium bacteria on soil fertility and sustainable crop production under cover and catch crops management and green manuring." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 50, no. 2 (2022): 12560. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha50212560.

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The ability of adaptation of Rhizobia in diverse environment namely, soil, rhizosphere and grown within legume roots may lead to nitrogen fixation, in a complicated process which contain a coordinated exchange of signal between plants and the symbionts. Green manures, cash and cover crops have significant role in soil fertility. Green manuring techniques also can decrease biomass burning known as main source of air pollutant in the atmosphere. Catch crops have positive effects on both physical and chemical properties of soil, subsequent crop yield, decrease nitrogen leaching into the ground wa

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Bair, Kyle E., Joan R. Davenport, and Robert G. Stevens. "Release of Available Nitrogen after Incorporation of a Legume Cover Crop in Concord Grape." HortScience 43, no. 3 (2008): 875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.43.3.875.

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Legume cover crops can be used to provide nitrogen (N) to organically produced Concord (Vitis labruscana Bailey) grape. The cover crop must be incorporated at a time such that subsequent N mineralization is synchronous with plant demand to maximize the amount of N available to the grape plant. The objectives of this research were to 1) evaluate the effectiveness of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa subsp. villosa L.) and yellow sweet clover [Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.] in providing N to organically grown Concord grape, 2) examine the synchronization of N release from mineralization after incorpo

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Mangan, Francis X., and Stephen J. Herbert. "WINTER-KILLED LEGUMINOUS COVER CROPS FOR SWEET CORN." HortScience 27, no. 11 (1992): 1161f—1161. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.27.11.1161f.

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Field research was conducted in Deerfield, Mass. to study the effects of leguminous cover crops on sweet corn yield. Oat was planted alone and in combination with four leguminous cover crops August 8, 1990. Cover crop residue was disked once and sweet corn seeded April 23, 1991. Each cover crop combination had three rates of nitrogen added in two applications. Sweet corn seeded into stands of hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) yielded the highest of the cover crop combinations. All leguminous cover crop treatments yielded higher than oat alone or no cover crop when no synthetic nitrogen was added. Co

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Skarphol, Brenda J., Kenneth A. Corey, and John J. Meisinger. "Response of Snap Beans to Tillage and Cover Crop Combinations." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 112, no. 6 (1987): 936–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.112.6.936.

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Abstract Field experiments were conducted on a Norfolk loamy sand (fine-loamy, siliceous, thermic Typic Paleudult) from 1983 through 1985 to determine the effects of tillage method, cover crop, and N fertilization on inorganic soil N and yield, yield components, and N content of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), hairy vetch plus wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum ssp. arvense L. Poir), Austrian winter pea plus wheat, wheat, crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) and no cover were the cover crop treatments. Inorganic N concentra

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Centurión, Nelly, Ignacio Mariscal-Sancho, Mariela Navas, et al. "Increasing Legume Input through Interseeding Cover Crops: Soil and Crop Response as Affected by Tillage System." Agronomy 13, no. 5 (2023): 1388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13051388.

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Legumes provide important benefits in rotations. Interseeding cover crops (CCs) allows an additional legume CC in case of a short window after the main crop. However, legume input level and management could modify the expected benefits. In a Mediterranean irrigated agroecosystem, we evaluated the responses of topsoil (0–10 cm) and early maize development to increasing legume CC input in a biannual maize–wheat rotation under traditional tillage (TT; CC incorporated) and minimum tillage (MT; CC rolled-crimped). In the third year, at two early maize stages, we tested three legume input levels: (i

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Volakakis, Nikolaos, Emmanouil M. Kabourakis, Leonidas Rempelos, Apostolos Kiritsakis, and Carlo Leifert. "Effect of Different Cover Crops on Suppression of the Weed Oxalis pes-caprae L., Soil Nutrient Availability, and the Performance of Table Olive Trees ‘Kalamon’ cv. in Crete, Greece." Agronomy 12, no. 10 (2022): 2523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102523.

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Winter cover crops are used in organic olive production to increase N-supply and yields, and to reduce weed competition. However, there is limited information on the effect of different cover crops on weed suppression, soil fertility and productivity of organic olive orchards. Here, we compared the relative effect of four contrasting cover crops established from (i) untreated vetch seed, (ii) vetch seed inoculated with a commercial Rhizobium seed inoculum, (iii) an untreated vetch/barley/pea seed mixture and (iv) untreated seed of Medicago polymorpha L. (a native legume species which establish

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Whitehead, Wayne F., and Bharat P. Singh. "Gas Exchange in Tomato in a Cover Crop–Tomato Cropping System." HortScience 31, no. 4 (1996): 611f—611. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.4.611f.

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Our objective was to determine the effect of cover crops on the gas exchange activities of a succeeding crop of tomato. No commercial N fertilizer was applied, and the mineralization of cover crops provided the sole source of supplemental N for the tomato crop. Cover crops were planted in randomized complete blocks on 8 Sept. 1994, with treatments consisting of control (fallow), rye, hairy vetch, and crimson clover. A tomato cultivar Mountain Pride was transplanted in the field on 18 Apr. 1995. The gas exchange rate of tomato was measured at flowering (6 June), fruiting (13 July), and senescen

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Sadra, Shayesteh, Gholamreza Mohammadi, and Farzad Mondani. "Nitrogen release dynamics and carbon sequestration by legume and non-legume cover crops under pure and mixed planting conditions." Agriculture (Pol'nohospodárstvo) 69, no. 1 (2023): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/agri-2023-0002.

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Abstract Synchronizing crop residue decomposing and releasing nitrogen with subsequent cash crop needs provides benefits for ecosystems, but it is difficult to carry out. This study aimed to investigate the trend of decomposition of vetch (Vicia sativa), rye (Secale cereale) and mixed (rye + vetch) cover crop residues as well as nitrogen release after incorporating them into the soil during 12 weeks of the potato growth season by using the mesh bag method. Vetch residues decomposed very quickly in the spring and their nitrogen is released due to their higher nitrogen content and consequently a

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Fageria, Nand K., Virupax C. Baligar, and Marshall K. Elson. "Zinc Requirements of Tropical Legume Cover Crops." American Journal of Plant Sciences 05, no. 11 (2014): 1721–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2014.511187.

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Baligar, V. C., M. K. Elson, Z. He, et al. "Light Intensity Effects on the Growth, Physiological and Nutritional Parameters of Tropical Perennial Legume Cover Crops." Agronomy 10, no. 10 (2020): 1515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101515.

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In the early stages of the establishment of plantation crops such as cacao, perennial legume cover crops provide vegetative cover to reduce soil and nutrient loss by erosion. Light intensity at cover crop canopy levels greatly influences their adaptability and optimum growth. As tree crops mature, understory cover crops suffer from inadequate light intensity. A greenhouse experiment was undertaken with nine perennial legume cover crop species (Calopo, Ea-Ea, Jack Bean, Lab-Lab, Mucuna ana, Mucuna preta, Cowpea, Black Pigeon Pea and Mixed Pigeon Pea) to assess the effects of three photosyntheti

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Cicek, Harun, Martin H. Entz, Joanne R. Thiessen Martens, and Paul R. Bullock. "Productivity and nitrogen benefits of late-season legume cover crops in organic wheat production." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 94, no. 4 (2014): 771–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps2013-130.

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Cicek, H., Entz, M. H., Thiessen Martens, J. R. and Bullock, P. R. 2014. Productivity and nitrogen benefits of late-season legume cover crops in organic wheat production. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 771–783. When full-season cover crops are used in stockless organic rotations, cash crop production is compromised. Including winter cereals in rotations can widen the growing season window and create a niche for late-season cover crops. We investigated the establishment and biomass production of relay-cropped red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis L. ‘Norgold’) and d

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Veloso, Murilo G., Deborah Pinheiro Dick, Janaina Berne da Costa, and Cimélio Bayer. "Cropping systems including legume cover crops favour mineral–organic associations enriched with microbial metabolites in no-till soil." Soil Research 57, no. 8 (2019): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr19144.

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Long-term carbon (C) stabilisation in tropical and subtropical soils under no-tillage (NT) rests on the formation of mineral–organic associations (MOAs) that can be enriched with microbial metabolites. In this work, we assessed the role of long-term tillage and cropping systems and mineral N fertilisation in enriching MOAs with microbial metabolites in a subtropical soil. For this purpose, we sampled a sandy clay loam Acrisol up to 1 m depth involved in an ongoing 30-year-old experiment under two different tillage systems (conventional tillage and NT) in the presence and absence of legume cove

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Blackshaw, R. E., L. J. Molnar, and J. R. Moyer. "Suitability of legume cover crop-winter wheat intercrops on the semi-arid Canadian Prairies." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 90, no. 4 (2010): 479–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps10006.

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Farmers on the Canadian prairies are interested in including legume cover crops in their cropping systems to reduce fertilizer inputs and improve farm sustainability. A field study was conducted to determine the merits of establishing alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) or Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum L.) cover crops in fall or in spring with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Spring-planted legumes emerged well within the winter wheat crop, but their growth was limited under these semi-arid conditions. Fall-planted red clover had low plant densities follow

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Reberg-Horton, S. Chris, Julie M. Grossman, Ted S. Kornecki, et al. "Utilizing cover crop mulches to reduce tillage in organic systems in the southeastern USA." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 27, no. 1 (2011): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170511000469.

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AbstractOrganic systems in the southeastern USA offer unique challenges and solutions to crop production due to regional soil and climate characterized by highly weathered soil types, high precipitation and the capacity to grow cover crops in the winter. Recently, the interest of producers and researchers in high-residue cover crops and conservation tillage systems has increased. Various designs of the roller–crimper to manage cover crops have been invented and demonstrated to growers in the southeastern region of the USA over the past 17 years. The impacts of high-residue cover crop mulches o

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Earhart, D. R., M. L. Baker, and V. A. Haby. "Soil Phosphorus Removal as a Function of Cropping System." HortScience 33, no. 4 (1998): 595b—595. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.4.595b.

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A factored experiment was established at the Texas A&M Univ. Research and Extension Center at Overton in Spring 1995. The objective was to investigate the use of warm- and cool-season legume cover crops in vegetable cropping systems for reducing phosphorus (P) accumulation from poultry litter (PL) and commercial blend (CB) fertilizer. PL rates were based on soil test nitrogen (N) requirement of the vegetable crop and percent N content of the litter. This was considered the 1X rate. Fertility treatments were applied to the vegetable crop only. PL was applied at O, 1X, 2X and 4X rates. CB wa

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Jani, Arun D., Julie Grossman, Thomas J. Smyth, and Shuijin Hu. "Winter legume cover-crop root decomposition and N release dynamics under disking and roller-crimping termination approaches." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 31, no. 3 (2015): 214–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170515000113.

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AbstractSeveral approaches can be used to terminate legume cover crops in the spring prior to planting summer crops, but the effect that these methods have on decomposition and nitrogen (N) release dynamics of legume cover-crop roots is poorly understood. The main objectives of this study were to: (i) quantify decomposition and N release of roots from pea (Pisum sativum), clover (Trifolium incarnatum) and vetch (Vicia villosa Roth); (ii) determine if roots decompose and release N faster when cover crops are terminated by disking compared with roller-crimping; and (iii) determine if roots decom

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Suciatmih, Suciatmih. "POPULASI JAMUR MIKORIZA VESIKULAR-ARBUSKULAR PADA LAHAN BEKAS GALIAN EMAS YANG DIREKLAMASI DENGAN LEGUM TUMBUH CEPAT DIKOMBINASIKAN DENGAN PENUTUP TANAH DAN MIKROBA." Berkala Penelitian Hayati 12, no. 1 (2006): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.23869/bphjbr.12.1.20068.

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A field work has been carried out to study the population of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi on degraded gold mining land that was reclamated with fast growing legume (Enterolobium sp. and Acacia mangium) trees in combination with cover crops (Centrosema pubescen dan Flemingia congesta) and microbe (VAM fungi, Rhizobium sp. and mixed Rhizobium sp. and phosphate solubilizing bacteria) inoculation. Reclamation with fast growing legumes in combination with cover crops and microbe inoculation on the degraded land increased the population of VAM fungi. After 1.5 years, the population o

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Hoyt, Greg D., and William L. Hargrove. "Legume Cover Crops for Improving Crop and Soil Management in the Southern United States." HortScience 21, no. 3 (1986): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.3.397.

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Abstract Legumes were an important component of crop rotations in the southern United States before World War II. In the post-war years, however, inexpensive and abundant fertilizer N diminished the role of N-fixing plants in cropping systems. There has been little research since 1960 on winter legumes in terms of their contribution to soil and crop management. Recent escalated costs of fertilizer N manufacture and concern over soil erosion has renewed interest in legumes and their role in cropping systems. Winter legume cover crops may provide significant quantities of fixed N while conservin

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Johnstone, P. R., T. K. Hartz, E. M. Miyao, and R. M. Davis. "Biofumigation and Soil Conditioning Effects of Cover Crops in Processing Tomato." HortScience 40, no. 4 (2005): 1111B—1111. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1111b.

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Mustard cover crop residue has been reported to have a “biofumigant” action when incorporated into the soil, potentially providing significant disease suppression and yield improvement for the succeeding crop. Such activity could be particularly useful in processing tomato rotations, where consecutive cropping invariably results in yield decline. Agronomic and environmental effects of growing over-winter mustard cover crops preceding tomato production were investigated in three field trials between 2002 and 2004. Two mustard cover crops [`Pacific Gold', a brown mustard (Brassica juncea), and `

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Ranells, Noah N., and Michael G. Wagger. "Grass–Legume Bicultures as Winter Annual Cover Crops." Agronomy Journal 89, no. 4 (1997): 659–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj1997.00021962008900040019x.

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Tarricone, Luigi, Giambattista Debiase, Gianvito Masi, Giovanni Gentilesco, and Francesco Montemurro. "Cover Crops Affect Performance of Organic Scarlotta Seedless Table Grapes Under Plastic Film Covering in Southern Italy." Agronomy 10, no. 4 (2020): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040550.

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In sustainable or organic vineyard systems, the introduction of cover crops could represent a powerful tool for farmers to influence, positively, the agro-ecosystem by promoting the whole soil-plant system equilibrium. Concerning table grape production, nitrogen fertilizers are medium-high; for environmental aspects, organic viticulturists are more interested in legume inter-row cover crops. Research on cover crop effects was carried out in 2015–2016, on organic table grapes (the Sugranineteen variety) in Mediterranean conditions. Three inter-row soil management techniques were compared: (TR)

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