Relevant bibliographies by topics / Legume grasses

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Academic literature on the topic 'Legume grasses'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Legume grasses"

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Detmann, Edenio, Marcia de Oliveira Franco, Daiany Íris Gomes, Marcília Medrado Barbosa, and Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho. "Protein contamination on Klason lignin contents in tropical grasses and legumes." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 49, no. 12 (2014): 994–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2014001200010.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the extent of protein contamination on Klason lignin (KL) in tropical grasses and legumes, and to propose an equation to estimate the protein-free content of Klason lignin (KLp). Five grass (30 samples) and 12 legume species (31 samples) were evaluated. Legumes had higher KL contents. Protein contamination was significant in both grasses and legumes, but greater in legume samples. The model to predict KLp was based on KL and crude protein (CP) contents, as follows: KLp = 0.8807KL - 0.0938KL x D - 0.00338CP (R2=0.935), in which D=0, for grasses, and D=1 for legumes.
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Villegas, Daniel M., Jaime Velasquez, Jacobo Arango, et al. "Urochloa Grasses Swap Nitrogen Source When Grown in Association with Legumes in Tropical Pastures." Diversity 12, no. 11 (2020): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12110419.

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The degradation of tropical pastures sown with introduced grasses (e.g., Urochloa spp.) has dramatic environmental and economic consequences in Latin America. Nitrogen (N) limitation to plant growth contributes to pasture degradation. The introduction of legumes in association with grasses has been proposed as a strategy to improve N supply via symbiotic N2 fixation, but the fixed N input and N benefits for associated grasses have hardly been determined in farmers’ pastures. We have carried out on-farm research in ten paired plots of grass-alone (GA) vs. grass-legume (GL) pastures. Measurements included soil properties, pasture productivity, and sources of plant N uptake using 15N isotope natural abundance methods. The integration of legumes increased pasture biomass production by about 74%, while N uptake was improved by two-fold. The legumes derived about 80% of their N via symbiotic N2 fixation. The isotopic signature of N of grasses in GA vs. GL pastures suggested that sources of grass N are affected by sward composition. Low values of δ15N found in some grasses in GA pastures indicate that they depend, to some extent, on N from non-symbiotic N2 fixation, while δ15N signatures of grasses in GL pastures pointed to N transfer to grass from the associated legume. The role of different soil–plant processes such as biological nitrification inhibition (BNI), non-symbiotic N2 fixation by GA pastures and legume–N transfer to grasses in GL pastures need to be further studied to provide a more comprehensive understanding of N sources supporting the growth of grasses in tropical pastures.
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Castro Montoya, Joaquín Miguel, and Benito Albarrán-Portillo. "DIGESTIBILITY OF ADDITIONAL CRUDE PROTEIN FROM TROPICAL LEGUMES IN MIXED GRASS-LEGUME RATIONS FOR RUMINANTS." Chilean journal of agricultural & animal sciences 39, no. 1 (2023): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29393/chjaa39-6dajb20006.

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The digestibility of crude protein (CP) from tropical legumes in grass-legume mixed diets was studied based on literature data by regressing the digestible CP (digCP) on the proportion of CP from legumes in the diet. In vivo studies reporting on CP concentration and in vivo CP digestibility values of ruminants fed diets with tropical legumes and grasses with no other feed, were selected for the analysis (56 publications, 213 dietary treatments (150 legume forages, 63 grasses)). First, observations were classified into categories based on the CP concentration of the control grass using the first and the third quartile of the grass CP concentration (LOW, MEDIUM, and HIGH grass quality). Second, legumes were divided based on their growth habit: herbs, shrubs, and trees. Based on the slopes and coefficients of the regressions of the digCP supply on the proportion of CP from legumes, CP digestibility of legumes was higher than that of LOW quality grasses, but lower than that of MEDIUM and HIGH quality grasses. Furthermore, the digestibility of the additional CP from legumes was higher when combined with MEDIUM quality grasses (0.493) compared with those of LOW quality (0.432), while it decreased when combined with HIGH quality grasses (0.305). No differences appeared in the digestibility of additional CP from legumes depending on their growth habit (range 0.415 to 0.421). These results can help optimize the assimilation of CP supplemented by tropical legumes.
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Aregheore, E. M., T. A. Steglar, and J. W. Ng'ambi. "Nutrient characterisation and in vitro digestibility of grass and legume/browse species - based diets for beef cattle in Vanuatu." South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 24, no. 1 (2006): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sp06003.

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Some grasses, Buffalo (Panicum Coloratum), Guinea (Panicum maximum), Setaria (Setaria sphacelata), Embu (Panicum maxum), Elephant (Pennisetum Purpureum), Koronivia (Brachiaria humidicola), and Signal (Brachiaria decumben); and legumes/browses Gliricidia sepium, Glycine wightii, Green desmodium and Leucaena leucocephala grazed by beef cattle in Vanuatu were characterized for crude protein (CP), fibre fractions, macro and micro minerals (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, copper, iron, manganese and zinc) and energy. Also in vitro digestibility study was carried out to predict the utilization of available nutrients. Data obtained were discussed in light of whether available nutrients would satisfy requirements of grazing beef cattle of different age and physiological function. The CP of grass and legume/browse species ranged from 7.9-17.8% and 10.5-23.9% respectively. L. leucocephala has a higher CP while Green leaf desmodium had the lowest CP content. DM and NDF were higher (P<0.05) in the grasses while CP was higher in the legume/browse species. Organic matter (OM) within and between the grass and legume/browse species varied. Mean concentrations of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in the grass species was 5.7 g/kg DM and 2.6 g/kg DM, respectively and this resulted in an average Ca:P ratio of 2.2:1 for the grasses while the legume /browse species had Ca:P ratio of 5.3:1. Ca was low while K was high in the grasses compared to the legume/browse species. Among the microminerals Cu was critically low in both the grass and legume/browse species. In vitro DMD, OMD and CPD between and within the grass and legume/browse species were not significantly different (P>0.05) from each other, however NDFD and ADFD were higher (P<0.05) in the grasses than in the legumes/browses. In conclusion, the results of these analyses and the in vitro digestibility study have provided information on nutrients that are adequate and/or inadequate in the grass and legume/browse species components grazed to sustain beef cattle production in Vanuatu. The very low concentration of Cu in both the grass and legume/browse species therefore demonstrates the need to supplement grazing beef cattle with mineral lick blocks to overcome its deficiency.
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Akinyemi, A. A. "Grass/Legume Compatibility in the Derived Savanna Regions of Western State of Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 3, no. 1 (2021): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v3i1.2583.

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THE grass/legume compatibility between six grasses and three legumes were studied at Fashola State Farm in the derived savanna region of Western State of Nigeria. The highest herbage yields per hectare per annum were obtained from the mixed swards. The yields of legumes were smaller in the mixtures with the tall than in the short grasses. It was concluded that in this area, Stylosanthes gracillis was compatible with the elephant and Guinea grasses. Pueraria Phaseoloids was compatible with the Northern Gambia and the mulasses grasses, while the Centrosema pubescence combined well with the giant star grasses.
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Lagrange, Sebastian P., Jennifer W. MacAdam, and Juan J. Villalba. "The Use of Temperate Tannin Containing Forage Legumes to Improve Sustainability in Forage–Livestock Production." Agronomy 11, no. 11 (2021): 2264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11112264.

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Greenhouse gas emissions from ruminant livestock production systems contribute significantly to the environmental footprint of agriculture. Emissions are lower for feedlot systems than for grass-based systems primarily because of the extra time required for grass-finished cattle to reach slaughter weight. In contrast, legume forages are of greater quality than grasses, which enhances intake and food conversion efficiencies, leading to improvements in production and reductions in environmental impacts compared with forage grasses. In addition, the presence of certain bioactives in legumes such as condensed tannins (CT) enhance the efficiency of energy and protein use in ruminants relative to grasses and other feeds and forages. Grazing tannin-containing legumes also reduce the incidence of bloat and improve meat quality. Synergies among nutrients and bioactives when animals graze diverse legume pastures have the potential to enhance these benefits. Thus, a diversity of legumes in feeding systems may lead to more economically, environmentally, and socially sustainable beef production than grass monocultures or feedlot rations.
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MULLEN, B. F., I. K. RIKA, D. A. KALIGIS, and W. W. STÜR. "PERFORMANCE OF GRASS–LEGUME PASTURES UNDER COCONUTS IN INDONESIA." Experimental Agriculture 33, no. 4 (1997): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479797004080.

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A series of grazed and cut experiments were conducted in Bali and North Sulawesi, Indonesia, between 1992 and 1994, to evaluate a range of selected forages for both intensive and extensive ruminant production under mature, tall coconuts. Yield, botanical composition and persistence of grass–legume mixtures were assessed under regular grazing and cutting regimes.In North Sulawesi, total dry matter yields of most grass–legume treatments were relatively stable over the two-year period but yields of legume components within treatments declined sharply. In Bali, the grazed plots maintained stable yield and legume components over the experimental period but yield and legume components of cut plots declined sharply. Paspalum malacophyllum and Setaria sphacelata cv. Splenda were productive and persistent grasses and formed weed-free swards but did not combine well with prostrate legumes. The erect growth habit of these grasses may limit their suitability in coconut production systems by impeding nut collection. The prostrate species Brachiaria humidicola and Stenotaphrum secundatum were slightly less productive but equally weed-free and persistent, and established rapidly from cuttings. S. secundatum also formed stable associations with prostrate legumes under grazing. Arachis pintoi cv. Amarillo and A. glabrata CPI 93483 were the most persistent of a range of prostrate legumes. The tree legume, Calliandra calothyrsus, showed promise as a productive cut-and-carry species.
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Petrychenko, V. F., L. K. Antypova, and N. V. Tsurkan. "Influence of hydrothermal conditions on the productivity of perennial grasses in South Steppe of Ukraine." Feeds and Feed Production, no. 88 (December 26, 2019): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo201988-04.

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The purpose is to determine the productivity of perennial legume and cereal grasses under conditions of natural moisture supply in South Steppe of Ukraine. Method. The studies were conducted during 2016—2018 using conventional methods, and the output of feed units, digestible protein per unit of area was determined by reference books. Results. On average over three years of research, the highest yield of leaf-stem mass of cereals was formed by Bromus inermis and Elytrigia medium tender – 11.6 and 11.2 t/ha, respectively. The lowest yield was formed by Agropyrum pectiniforme – 7.6 t/ha. Among the all legume grasses, Melilotus albus prevailed (14.8 t/ha). Medicago sativa and Onobrychis arenaria were able to form a similar yield (14.5 and 13.5 t/ha, respectively) under the arid conditions of South Steppe of Ukraine. Insufficient rainfall in 2017 caused a decrease in the productivity of the studied crops. Thus, in 2017 the average yield of green mass in the experiment was 10.3 t/ha, while in 2016 under more favorable weather conditions this figure was 13.2 t/ha or 28.2 % more. The highest output of feed and protein units (FPU) per unit of area under cereal grasses was provided by Bromus inermis (2.35 t/ha). The lowest one was recorded in Agropyrum pectiniforme (1.60 t/ha). FPU output per unit of area under legume grasses increased respectively. Lotus corniculatus provides less green mass and therefore dry matter and forage and protein units. Perennial cereals grasses do not prevail over legume grasses, so they do not spread in South Ukraine. Conclusions. The productivity of perennial grasses in the south of Ukraine significantly depends on the type of plants, weather (hydrothermal) conditions of the year. The most effective is the cultivation of perennial legumes, namely Melilotus albus, alfalfa, Onobrychis arenaria. Bromus inermis and Elytrigia medium prevail among cereal grasses.
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Pylypiv, N. I., and A. H. Dziubailo. "Dynamics of the botanical composition of sown hayfields depending on fertilization." Agriculture and plant sciences: theory and practice, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 59–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.54651/agri.2022.02.07.

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Aim. To establish the effect of fertilization and foliar feeding with growth regulator organic balance on the formation of fodder productivity of legume-cereal grass stands. Methods. The study was carried out in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe on dark gray podzolicglayed slightly washed soil of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS. The technology of growing perennial grasses in the experiment, in addition to the factors that we studied, is generally accepted and recommended for the research area. In the experiment, varieties of perennial legume and cereal grasses included in the State Register and bred by breeders of our Institute were sown. Results. The obtained data from the research carried out in a temporary field experiment, established in 2017, on the study of influence of fertilization and foliar feeding with growth regulator organic balance on the formation of fodder productivity of legume-cereal grass stands indicate that the introduction of mineral fertilizers in the spring and foliar feeding of vegetating grasses with growth regulator organic balance we can regulate the botanical composition of grass stand in favors of leguminous grasses and thereby to affect yield and quality of the legume-cereal grass mixtures. Conclusion. On average of three years of study in the first, second and third mowing, the most favorable conditions for the growth and development of legumes were on the plots fertilized with P60K90 (50.4, 45.7 and 34.4%) and on the control (38.7, 40.7 and 31.4%). Additional nitrogen (N60) fertilization of grasses reduced their share to 14.4, 19.8 and 20.8%.
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Tozer, K. N., E. M. K. Minnee, R. M. Greenfield, and C. A. Cameron. "Weed ingress in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus)based swards under dairy grazing." New Zealand Plant Protection 69 (January 8, 2016): 263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2016.69.5946.

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Weed ingress was assessed monthly over four years in a total of six swards of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) or tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus) to which were added a legume (2 species mix) legume and forage herbs (4 species mix) or legumes herbs other grasses (8 species mix) Unsown species (weeds) present were from 13 families of which Asteraceae was the most abundant Asteraceae species increased from
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Legume grasses"

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Hamel, Chantal. "Mycorrhizal effects on 15N-transfer from legume to grass intercrops, plant growth and interspecific competition." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74601.

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N-transfer from legume to grass when the two were intercropped in the field and the mechanisms of this transfer were studied. Studies involving either alfalfa-grasses or soybean-corn intercrops, were undertaken. Mycorrhizal and P-supplemented (to compensate for the lack of mycorrhizae) intercrops were compared. In these studies, the legume component of intercrops was labelled with $ sp{15}$N and any excess of the label was looked for in the associated grass plants.<br>There was no reversal of N transport at the legume-fungus interface. N-transfer from legume to grass must therefore, proceed via excretion of N by legume roots and subsequent uptake by grass roots. Soil microorganisms and proximity of plant root systems are important factors affecting N-transfer. Mycorrhizae enhance the transfer by increasing the absorptive efficiency of the receiver plants.<br>Mycorrhizal fungi enhance the competitiveness of the most mycotrophic component of the mixtures by either improving P uptake or the general nutrient balance of the plant. Mycorrhizal inoculation can decrease the level of P competition between corn and soybean by increasing the availability of P.<br>The observation that mycorrhizal plants differ in many regards from P-supplemented plants, emphasize the generally poor comprehension of the mycorrhizal symbiosis.
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Solomon, Juan Kevin Quamina. "A NOVEL APPROACH TO GRASS-LEGUME MANAGEMENT." MSSTATE, 2010. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03082010-150159/.

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</p>A 2-yr grazing study quantified pasture and animal responses of four forage systems (FS) grazed at two stocking rates (SR; 3 or 6 animals ha<sup>-1</sup>). Using Marshall‟ annual ryegrass (<i>Lolium multiflorum</i> Lam.) and Durana‟ white clover (<i>Trifolium repens</i> L.), FS treatments included spatially separated grass and legumes within the same paddock (SS), monoculture grass (MG), monoculture legume (ML), and a binary grass and legume mixture (MIX). Annual herbage mass (HM) was similar among FS at high SR (1900 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>), but at low SR, grass plots had greater HM (2900 vs. 2000 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) than plots of legume monocultures. Animals on SS (1.12 kg) had greater average daily gain (ADG) than ML (0.97 kg), but neither was different from MG (1.08 kg) or MIX (1.00 kg). Low SR animals had greater ADG than high SR (1.09 vs. 0.99 kg). These results indicate that SS grazing system can improve pasture productivity. </p>
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Watson, Leslie. "Methodology and practice of taxonomy with special reference to organization and applications of descriptive data on grasses and legumes." Thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/142584.

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Chanway, Christopher Peter. "Plant/bacteria coadaptation in a grass/legume pasture." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26972.

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The relationship between plants and rhizosphere bacteria collected from a 45 year old permanent pasture was investigated. Several methods of strain identification within Rhizobium trifolii were evaluated. Separation of bacterial isolates based on differences in intrinsic antibiotic resistance was not appropriate because strains developed hybrid resistance patterns when grown in a common broth. Serological analyses of bacterial antigens using polyclonal antiserum yielded two reliable methods for identifying R. trifolii isolates. Agglutination and immunofluorescence procedures were not useful in distinguishing these strains but immunodiffusion and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were highly suitable. Adaptation of the ELISA allowed isolates to be identified directly from individual root nodules without first subculturing the bacteria. A strain of Bacillus polymyxa isolated from the same pasture was shown to stimulate growth of crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.). The primary manifestation of the effect was increased root weight (P < 0.05), but shoot responses were also observed. Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) generally reacted negatively to inoculation with this bacterium. Further stimulation of growth was noted when ramets of the white clover genotype homologous to (sharing a common origin) B. polymyxa were inoculated in pure stands (P < 0.05). Clones of the homologous perennial ryegrass genotype also showed a yield increase from slightly below control levels to slightly above them when tested in a similar manner. Detailed analysis of the crested wheatgrass response to inoculation revealed that bacterial production of indole acetic acid was the most likely cause of the growth stimulation. Other bacterial characteristics such as the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen or to solubilize organic phosphorus were concluded to be unrelated to the growth response. Co-adaptive compatibility between genotypes of L. perenne and T. repens was not apparent when the effect of R. trifolii was ignored. However, when clones of pasture plants that had been neighbours in the field were inoculated with R. trifolii isolated from root nodules of the "parental" clover genotype, biotic specialization between the pasture plants became evident. The magnitude of the effect, which was characterized by superior white clover yields (P < 0.05), could be largely accounted for by the presence of the adapted L. perenne/R. trifolii combinations, regardless of the white clover genotype. Since T. repens was the dominant component in the species mixture, these trends were also apparent when total forage biomass was analyzed (P < 0.05). However, ecological combining ability was found to be lowest in these associations (P < 0.05). Similar experimentation with isolates of B. polymyxa (or B. polymyxa-like organisms) was performed. Again the grass/bacteria combination was shown to be influential in the growth response as the presence of homologous L. perenne/B. polymyxa combinations resulted in superior white clover and perennial ryegrass performance (P < 0.05). When T. repens was inoculated with a mixture of R. trifolii strains, unrelated isolates formed more root nodules than did homologous ones (P < 0.05). The presence of perennial ryegrass did not mitigate this effect. However, when homologous R. trifolii was administered as a single strain inoculum, yield advantages in white clover were observed (P < 0.05). If B. pol ymyxa was present, homologous strains of R. trifolii tended to form most of the root nodules regardless of the T. repens or L. perenne genotypes. The significance of the yield advantages observed in various two and three-way plant/microbe genotype combinations is discussed with respect to above ground plant performance.<br>Land and Food Systems, Faculty of<br>Graduate
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Himstedt, Maike [Verfasser]. "Digital image analysis as a tool to estimate legume contributions in legume-grass swards / Maike Himstedt." Kassel : Universitätsbibliothek Kassel, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1001296079/34.

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El, Hadj Meriem. "Compatibility, Yield, and Quality of Warm-Season Grass-Legume Mixtures." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33897.

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The lack of consistent summer pasture supply is a major limitation to livestock production in the mid-Atlantic region. Perennial warm-season grasses might provide a solution if managed for high quality. Experiments were conducted on separate well-established stands of Caucasian bluestem and 'Cave-in-Rock' switchgrass at the Kentland Farm near Blacksburg, VA. Stages of grass maturity at harvest simulating pasture and hay systems were tested. Six interseeded legume species and two grass monoculture checks, one with 56 kg N/ha applied in spring and after each harvest, the other with no N, were imposed as sub-plots. Legume species included alfalfa, red clover, sericea lespedeza, annual lespedeza, Illinois bundleflower, and purple prairieclover. Inter-seeded legumes contributed a significant amount to yield and quality of perennial warm-season grasses in the legume-establishment year. In the year after establishment, grass mixtures with alfalfa, red clover, and, for switchgrass, sericea lespedeza yielded as much forage as N-fertilized grasses. Alfalfa and red clover altered the distribution of yield of the grasses, and may not be as compatible with perennial warm-season grasses as sericea lespedeza in the long-term. Interseeded legumes improved quality considerably in the second year.<br>Master of Science
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Payne, Kathryn Marie. "ENHANCED EFFICIENCY NITROGEN FORMULATION EFFECT ON GRASS-LEGUME PASTURE PRODUCTIVITY." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/pss_etds/113.

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The use of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is generally restricted on mixed species forage systems due to its stimulatory effect on grasses which increases competition with legume species. Reduced legume growth from this competition can compromise forage nutritive value and prospective yields. The controlled-release nature of several enhanced efficiency fertilizer N products holds the potential to improve legume persistence in mixed species pastures while providing supplemental N required by the grass component. The studies contained in this dissertation evaluated the effect of different enhanced efficiency N formulations (ATU, ESN, methylene urea, SuperU, and a 75% ESN: 25% urea blend) and untreated urea on yield, nutritive value, and legume persistence in a ‘Wrangler’ bermudagrass and ‘Durana’ white clover mixture (2014-2016 growing seasons), ‘KY-31’tall fescue and ‘Kenland’ red clover mixture (2015-2016 growing seasons), and ‘KY-31’ stockpiled tall fescue (2015-2017). The three studies were conducted at the University of Kentucky Spindletop Research Farm in Lexington, KY in a randomized complete block design. In the bermudagrass-white clover study, all enhanced efficiency N sources maintained white clover populations similar to the unfertilized grass/clover control, but only ESN caused greater clover composition than standard urea. Total forage yields increased linearly with N rate in all years, but dry weather conditions in the second and third years resulted in lower total yield. Forage nutritive value followed general trends throughout each growing season, but ESN’s ability to maintain clover resulted in higher nutritive value. In the tall fescue-red clover, total forage yields curvilinearly increased with N rate in 2015 but did not vary in 2016. ESN and ESN+urea blend treatments retained clover composition similar to that of the unfertilized control. Stockpiled forage yield increased with higher N rates. Enhanced efficiency N fertilizers with the ability to control N release can enhance forage yield while maintaining clover in mixed species swards.
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Mortenson, John. "Genetic Mapping of Grass Monoculture and Grass-Legume Mixture Compatibility QTLs in Intermediate Wheatgrass." DigitalCommons@USU, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7528.

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Due to increased environmental stewardship and fertilizer prices, there is increased interest in using legume mixes in perennial croplands. The objective of this study was to compare quantitative genetic parameters and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) when grown in 1) a non-competitive spaced environment, 2) a polyculture with alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and 3) a monoculture with crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum). Traits evaluated include plant growth characteristics (Zadok’s maturity, height, and tiller count), biomass, and forage nutritive value (CP, NDF, ADF, ADL, IVTD, NDFD, NFC, ME, RFQ). A linkage map comprised of 3568 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 21 linkage groups corresponding to 21 homologous chromosome pairs of both parents was used to identify QTLs and QTL x environment interactions (QxE) based on trait averages for each genotype in each environment. Significant genotype x environment interactions were detected for biomass, NDF etc. A total of 26 QTLs were identified, including 6 MASS, 2 TILE, 2 TICR, 1 ZAMA, 1 CP, 3 NDF, 2 ADF, 3 IVTD, and 5 NDFD. A subset of 7 QTLs showed significant QxE interaction. These results indicate that breeders need to evaluate plants in polyculture or swards if these are the intended crop management systems.
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Fourie, J. C. "The evaluation and management of different grasses and legumes as potential cover crops in the vineyards of South Africa." Thesis, Link to online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/387.

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Maughan, Brody Todd. "Importance of Grass-Legume Choices on Cattle Grazing Behavior and Performance." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1727.

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Pastures have been typically dominated by monocultures, only allowing herbivores access to one food type with unbalanced nutrient content and in some instances with single plant secondary compounds (SCs), which can be toxic if ingested at high concentrations. By establishing diverse pastures animals can select from a variety of plants with different concentrations and types of nutrients and SCs. The objectives of my study were to (a) determine if the type of plant diversity - tall fescue with either tannin-containing sainfoin or saponin-containing alfalfa − affects cattle preferences for these forages, (b) evaluate how readily fall-born calves reach finish body condition on these grass-legume pastures, and (c) determine the effects of sainfoin/tall fescue versus alfalfa/tall fescue pasture on meat quality and consumer acceptance. Foraging behavior, body weight, and pasture biomass before and after grazing was monitored when cattle strip-grazed 3 replications of 2 treatments repeated for 2 years (from May through September 2010 and from June through September 2012). Animals were allowed a choice between tall fescue and sainfoin [SAN] or alfalfa [ALF]) applied randomly in strips (fescue, legume, or fescue-legume mixture). No differences in average daily gains (~ 1 Kg/day) were detected between the 2 groups of cattle. I used scan samples at 5-min intervals from 0730 to 0930 to record foraging behavior. Animals spent most of the time grazing legumes and scans on legumes increased from the beginning to the end of the study. Scans and assessments of pasture biomass removal revealed greater use of sainfoin than alfalfa, whereas cattle in the ALF treatment removed more fescue than cattle in the SAN treatment. The presence of tannins in sainfoin likely contributed to these effects. Beef carcasses were very lean (select or standard quality grade), with 4-6% mean fat content. There were no differences between treatments regarding meat color, oxidative stability, fatty acid analyses, or consumer acceptance. Only 2 volatiles (nonanoic and decanoic acids) were greater in meat from the ALF treatment. Thus, cattle offered choices reached finish body weight at pasture and incorporated fescue into their diets even when legumes were available. The type of legume influenced foraging behavior but this effect did not impact animal performance, meat quality, or consumer acceptance.
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Books on the topic "Legume grasses"

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Mehra, K. L. Indonesian economic plant resources: Legume and other forage plants. Proyek Studi Potensi Sumber Daya Alam Indonesia, Studi Potensi Sumber Daya Nabati, Lembaga Biologi Nasional-LIPI, 1985.

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Soroka, Juliana. Insect pests of legume and grass crops in western Canada. Available from Communications Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1991.

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Soroka, Juliana J. Insect pests of legume and grass crops in Western Canada. Communications Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1991.

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Ramsey, Katherine J. Grass-legume seeding to improve winter forage for Roosevelt elk: A literature review. Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, 1986.

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Ramsey, Katherine J. Grass-legume seeding to improve winter forage for Roosevelt elk: A literature review. Agricultural Experiment Station, Oregon State University, 1986.

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Steen, O. A. Grass and legume seeding for vegetation control on blade scarified sites in the ICH and ESSF zones in the central interior of British Columbia. Forestry Canada, 1991.

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Priestley, R. H. Diseases of grasses and herbage legumes. NIAB, 1988.

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Legel, Siegfried. Tropical forage legumes and grasses: Introductory fieldbook. Deutscher Landwirtschaftsverlag, 1990.

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Mehra, K. L. Indonesian economic plant resources: Mountain grasses. Lembaga Biologi Nasional-LIPI, 1985.

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United States. Natural Resources Conservation Service, ed. Native plants: Warm season grasses, flowers, and legumes. USDA, NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Legume grasses"

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Piano, Efisio, and Luciano Pecetti. "Minor Legume Species." In Fodder Crops and Amenity Grasses. Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0760-8_20.

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Templeton, W. C. "Legume Nitrogen Versus Fertilizer Nitrogen for Cool-Season Grasses." In Biological N Fixation in Forage-Livestock Systems. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub28.c2.

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Burton, G. W. "Legume Nitrogen Versus Fertilizer Nitrogen for Warm-Season Grasses." In Biological N Fixation in Forage-Livestock Systems. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/asaspecpub28.c3.

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Sayar, M. Salih. "Crude Protein Content and the Other Forage Quality Traits in Some Annual Plant Species From Different Families and Assessments with Biplot and Correlation Analysis." In Alternative Protein Sources. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359289.2.

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High-quality forage in livestock feeding will significantly enhance both the yield and quality of animal products. In this respect, it is crucial to know in advance the forage quality traits to make the right choice. Accordingly, the research was fulfilled to determine forage crude protein content and the other forage quality traits in some annual plant species from different families. According to the variance analysis, it was determined that there were statistically highly significant (P&lt;0.01) differences between the species in terms of all the of the examined traits, and the examined traits were found to be in the following ranges; dry matter content (DMC) 15.67–26.97%, crude protein (CP) content 11.93–24.11%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content 29.54–46.488%, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content 38.30–62.89%, digestible dry matter (DDM) contents 52.33–65.89%, dry matter intake (DMI) 1.91–3.14%, metabolizable energy (ME) 7.67–10.27 MJ kg-1 DM, relative feed value (RFV) 77.5–160.2, calcium (Ca) content 6.72–18.72 g kg-1 DM, phosphorus (P) contents varied from 3.59–5.35 g kg-1 DM, magnesium (Mg) content 2.25–4.35 g kg-1 DM, potassium (K) content 28.58– 44.40 g kg-1 DM, Ca:P ratio 1.50–4.91 and K/(Ca+Mg) (tetany) ratio 1.34–3.94. Additionally, as a result of comparing the research results with the literature knowledge, it was understood that the Ca, P, Mg and K contents of the examined species were sufficient for the livestock needs. However, due to relatively higher-level K content and lower Ca and Mg contents, the tetany (K/(Ca+Mg) ratios of grasses species, Lolium multiflorum and Triticum aestivum, were found to be over the critical value (2.2) for grass tetany illness. Thus, when livestock intensively feed forages of the grass species, risk of getting grass tetany disease would be higher than the other species. On the other hand, the biplot analysis showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between CP, DDM, DMI, ME and RFV traits, and legume family species, Lathyrus sativus, Trifolium nigrescens and Pisum sativum spp. arvense came to fore in terms of these five traits. These legume species with having higher level the most important forage quality traits, their forage quality was found quite better than the other species.
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Pinhey, Sally, and Margaret Tebbs. "Cover crops, green manures and herbal leys." In Plants for soil regeneration: an illustrated guide. CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243604.0003.

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Abstract This chapter discusses cover crops, green manures and herbal leys. Cover crops comprise a range of plant species, preferably a mix that includes legumes, brassicas and grasses. Green manures have an emphasis on adding organic matter and nitrogen to the soil, especially where there are no animals to add manure. Herbal leys comprise a seed mixture of fast-growing grasses, legumes and other herbaceous plants, which can aid livestock health, provide grazing and improve soil fertility. The plant species used in cover crops, green manures and herbal leys are also presented in this chapter.
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Casler, M. D., E. Heaton, K. J. Shinners, et al. "Grasses and Legumes for Cellulosic Bioenergy." In Grassland Quietness and Strength for a New American Agriculture. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/2009.grassland.c12.

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Weimer, Paul J., and J. Bradley Morris. "Grasses and Legumes for Bio-based Products." In Grassland Quietness and Strength for a New American Agriculture. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/2009.grassland.c13.

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Brummer, E. Charles, Joseph H. Bouton, Michael D. Casler, Mark H. McCaslin, and Blair L. Waldron. "Grasses and Legumes: Genetics and Plant Breeding." In Grassland Quietness and Strength for a New American Agriculture. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/2009.grassland.c9.

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Guy, P. L., and R. L. S. Forster. "Viruses of New Zealand Pasture Grasses and Legumes." In ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Books. American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/1996.pastureforagecroppathol.c16.

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George, J. Ronald, Kevin M. Blanchet, and Randall M. Gettle. "Growing Legumes in Mixtures with Warm-Season Grasses." In Native Warm-Season Grasses: Research Trends and Issues. Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub30.c5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Legume grasses"

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Chernyavskih, Vladimir, Yuliya PEChEGINA, Anna BIYuShKINA, et al. "Cereal-legume grass mixtures and their role in soil fertility conservation." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2025. https://doi.org/10.33814/mak-2024-33-81-24-31.

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A comprehensive study has been carried out to assess the productivity of perennial grasses when using soil-saving technologies in comparison with traditional tillage methods. The results of dispersion analysis showed that the value of the index of total above-ground underground and productivity of perennial grasses significantly depends on the species composition of the grass stand. It was found that the difference between the perennial fallow land and fields with perennial grasses at the use of soil-saving technologies did not exceed 13.9% in terms of total aboveground productivity. Accumulation of underground mass on the fallow plot and on plots with soil conservation technologies is approximately at the same level — 1.91 kg/m2 in the control and 1.85–2.25 (average 2.04) kg/m2 in soil conservation rotations. Alfalfa crops, providing greater aboveground productivity, are more intensive in terms of production, but less effective in increasing the organic matter content in soils compared to cereal-legume grass mixtures. In conservation agriculture it is necessary to use cereal-legume grass mixtures as more nature-like, and to increase intensification of agricultural production it is necessary to use alfalfa crops.
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Kutuzova, Anel, Elena Provornaya, Ekaterina Sedova, and Nadezhda Tsybenko. "EFFICIENCY OF NEW VARIETIES OF BEAN GRASSES IN MEADOW FARMING." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-9-13.

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Based on the field experiment conducted in 2014–2019, it was found that the productivity of leguminous-grassy stands on sod-podzolic soil was increased by 97–120% compared to cereal grass on average over five years of use. The increase in the collection of edible feed per 1 kg of legume seeds was 1.2–5.1 thousand feed units for this period. Payback 1 ruble costs of seeds of legumes due to the conditionally net income reached 41–44 rubles when using alfalfa and 76–173 rubles when using creeping clover and meadow clover.
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Krasnoperov1, Andrey, and Vladimir Zarudnyy. "Restoration of pastures in the conditions of the Kaliningrad region." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 29 (77). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-29-77-26-31.

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On the production paddocks of the Mayskoye cattle farm of the Kaliningrad Research Institute of Agriculture from 1997 to 2000, over 4 years of use, the productivity of a superficially improved pasture due to the overseeding of perennial legumes and cereal grasses increased and amounted to 61.0–65.2 c/ha of dry matter, 70.2–73.7 GJ metabolic energy, 7.4–8.9 c/ha of digestible protein. Compared to grass stands, the energy intensity of nutrients decreased by 5–6 times when high doses of nitrogen were applied. The content of clovers in the pasture herbage remained at the level of 40–50%, which fully ensures the high productivity of legume-grass pasture herbage due to biological nitrogen and corresponds to the goal of the research.
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Makarenkov, Mikhail. "EXPLORING OF A COLLECTION OF PERENNIAL LEGUMINOUS GRASSES." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 30(78). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2023-30-78-9-17.

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In the field, 29 collectible samples of legume feed plants from the gene pool of the VIK Williams FNC were studied. The data on chemical composition (dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, crude fat), precocity, height and discoloration of plants, grass strength and leaf size are presented. Promising forms for use in selection programs are highlighted.
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Grebennikov, Vadim. "Agro-energy efficiency of growing intermediate wheatgrass, elongated wheatgrass and yellow alfalfa on downed forage lands in the dry-steppe zone." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-125-129.

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The justification of agro-energy efficiency of growing new high-yielding drought-resistant varieties and types of perennial grasses, such as intermediate Wheatgrass, elongated Wheatgrass and yellow alfalfa, which provide a positive effect of interaction of legume-cereal grass mixtures and single-species crops that are resistant to abiotic factors while improving hayfields and pastures of the arid zone, is presented. All studied grass mixtures and single-species crops of yellow alfalfa had a high annual yield of gross (21.7–48.7 GJ/ha) and exchange energy (13.5–32.1 GJ/ha) and provided the production of full-fledged feed.
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Sabirova, Tatyana, Anastasiya LOBANOVA, and Aleksandr Tihonov. "Productivity and quality of perennial grasses depending on cultivation technologies." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production 27 (75). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-27-75-90-96.

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The quality of the green mass of perennial grasses is considered according to the main agronomic indicators from the first to the third year of use. Three cuttings were carried out during the growing season. The material covers three cultivation technologies that differ in the composition of fertilizers acting on the crop. Extensive technology, taken as control, is designed to produce a crop in conditions of natural soil fertility. Biologized and high-intensity technologies provided for additional aftereffect of manure and the application of mineral fertilizers. The application rates of mineral fertilizers were P30K45 in the biologized technology and P90K135 in the high-intensity one. The study showed a significant difference in the ratio of the main components of the grass mixture. In the second cut, the legume component prevailed over the cereal component. Grasses prevailed in the first and third cuts. With all cultivation technologies, the grasses of the first year of use provided the highest yield. Chemical analysis of grass green mass samples showed that the highest collection of dry matter, metabolic energy, feed units and crude protein was obtained in the variants with the maximum dose of mineral fertilizers. In herbs of the third year of use, the highest collection was noted in the biologized technology.
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Zhukov, V. P. "Justification of intensive production technological schemes the bulk fodder from legume grasses." In Current problems of modern animal husbandry. �������� ������������ �������� ������ "������-����" - ������������ ����������-���������� ����� � ���������, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33694/978-966-1550-33-8-2021-0-0-137-139.

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Lomov, Mikhail, and Yuri Piskovatsky. "RESULTS OF SELECTION OF NEW ALFALFA SAMPLES." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 30(78). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2023-30-78-23-29.

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The results of breeding studies conducted at the Central Experimental Base of the &#x0D; V. R. Williams Federal Research Center for Animal Feed in the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation are presented. Brief data on new alfalfa samples created in the alfalfa breeding department are presented. The research involves simple and complex hybrids of different types and varieties of alfalfa. The purpose of the research is to select samples based on valuable economic and biological properties: winter hardiness, leafiness, height of herbage, precocity, growth rates, lodging and seed productivity. Alfalfa is a culture that is characterized by ecological plasticity, longevity, capable of solving the problem of eliminating the deficiency of vegetable protein in the diets of farm animals in many regions of Russia. It can be used as a legume component of grass mixtures on pastures and hayfields of the Non-Chernozem zone. It is known that the use of mineral nitrogen in meadow farming and field forage production is limited due to high energy costs in the production of nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, the need for nitrogen in meadows and pastures should be met at the expense of legume-cereal grass mixtures, for which it is necessary to create new varieties of legumes, in particular alfalfa variable or hybrid. Alfalfa in our country, due to the wide variety of species and ecotypes, has the widest cultivation area compared to other perennial grasses. But for the extreme conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia, it is considered a relatively new culture. Of all the known species for the Non-Chernozem zone, the most adapted are variable alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.), yellow alfalfa (Medicago falcate L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.).
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Kozlov, Nikolay, Tamara Komkova, Mikhail Makarenkov, Valentina Korovina, and Tatyana Kozlova. "DEPENDENCE OF GERMINATION OF SEEDS OF FODDER CROPS ON THE DURATION OF STORAGE IN A GAS ENVIRONMENT." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production 26 (74). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2021-26-74-90-97.

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The research was carried out in the laboratory conditions of the Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology on the seed material of nineteen varieties of the selection of VIC, stored since 1986 in a gas environment. The viability of the seeds was determined after 33 years of storage. The laboratory germination rate of the samples after storage varied from 0.7 to 90.3%. Aging of cereal grasses is faster. After storage in a gas environment for 33 years germination of more than 80% was observed in four samples of the legume family and one of the cereals. After being removed from the CSG and placed in normal conditions for a year, most of the samples retained their economic validity, with the exception of forage cereals: brome grass, meadow and reed fescue, and cocksfoot.
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Lukashov, Vladimir, Tat'yana Korotkova, and Aleksandr Isakov. "Efficiency of cultivation of perennial legume-grass mixtures on gray forest soils of Kaluga region." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production23 (71). Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-23-71-135-139.

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The results of research conducted by the authors on gray forest soils in Kaluga region. Shows the energy efficiency of cultivation of perennial and annual fodder crops are calculated based on actual energy consumption and release of metabolic energy yield. The data on the effect of perennial grasses on the content of humus and the change in the acidity of the soil. The scheme to study the efficiency of common crops of different varieties of red clover, lucerne and festulolium changeable, it provides a brief description of the studied cultures. Shows data on yield of green mass, harvesting of 1 hectare of dry matter, metabolizable energy and crude protein according to variants of experience. On the basis of obtained results the conclusion about the feasibility of using the studied mixtures to increase the energy and protein value of feeds, ensuring the most efficient use of nonrenewable energy, conservation and improvement of soil fertility, sustainability of agro ecosystems.
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Reports on the topic "Legume grasses"

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Mendoza, Jonathan Alberto, Carolina Mazo, Lina Margarita Conn, Álvaro Rincón Castillo, Daniel Rojas Tapias, and Ruth Bonilla Buitrago. Evaluation of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria associated to pastures of Bracharia from acid soils. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.informe.2015.5.

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Rhizobia have been widely known by their capacity to form a symbiotic relationship with legumes and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Recently, however, rhizobia have shown to associate with plants in different botanical families. In this study, we aimed at elucidating the diversity of rhizobia associated to grasses, and determine their capabilities to solubilize phosphate in both lab and greenhouse experiments. Isolation of rhizobia was performed using rhizosphere from Brachiaria brizantha and B. decumbens and a promiscuous legume trap plant (i.e. Vigna unguiculata). Thirty days after inoculation of the trap plant, rhizobia were isolated from nodules using the conventional protocol, classified in basis on their phenotypic features, and molecularly grouped using Amplified Ribosomal DNA Restriction Analysis (ARDRA). Finally, phosphate solubilization assays and greenhouse experiments were carried out on representatives of each ARDRA cluster. The results showed that the diversity of rhizobia varied between both plant species, which suggests that plant exudates significantly determine the composition of the plant microbiome. Surprisingly, most of the isolated associated to B. brizantha rhizosphere exhibited typical attributes of slow-growing rhizobia, whereas rhizobia from B. decumbens displayed a mixed diversity including slow-, intermediate-, and fast-growing rhizobia. Sequencing of 16S rRNA of ARDRA representatives showed that most of the rhizobia isolated from B. brizantha belonged to the Mesorhizobium and Bradyrhizobium genera, while those isolated from B. decumbens were phylogenetically clustered into Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium. The capability of the isolates to solubilize phosphate was studied using iron and calcium phosphate. We observed that overall Bradyrhizobium exhibited the highest ability to solubilize iron phosphate; by contrast, calcium phosphate was similarly solubilized within representatives of the three genera. In greenhouse experiments, we found that plants inoculated with isolated BT53, BD17 and BD21 exhibited a significantly higher content of phosphorus (p≤0.05). Additionally, dry weight was significantly higher in the treatment inoculated with BT16 isolate (p≤0.05). We conclude that 1) rhizobia is found associated with grasses, 2) plant genotype determines rhizobia diversity 3) rhizobia are able to solubilize phosphorus, and 4) they might be used to promote plant in different plant families. We further believe that further studies will reveal the true role of those old-known legume symbionts in development and growth of other important crops.
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Braden, I. S., Kenneth J. Moore, M. Peter Hoffman, and James Gertsma. Warm-Season Grass Pasture Improvements with Legume Mixtures. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-642.

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Braden, I. S., Kenneth J. Moore, Roger L. Hintz, M. H. Wiedenhoeft, E. Charles Brummer, and M. Peter Hoffman. Pasture Improvements with Mixed Composition of Warm-Season Grasses and Legumes. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2103.

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Braden, I. S., Kenneth J. Moore, R. L. Hintz, M. H. Wiedenhoeft, E. Charles Brummer, and M. Peter Hoffman. Pasture Enhancement of Warm-season Grass Pastures Using a Complex Mixture of Legumes. Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-81.

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