Academic literature on the topic 'Leisure craft'

Over the past twenty years, hobby crafting has experienced a revival of interest, as people have started to seek new ways to engage with crafts as creative leisure in an increasingly digital world. Along the way, emerging, digital technologies have provided new tools and ways to engage in hobby crafting. Indeed, today’s hobby crafts are frequently concerned with material mediated via the internet and accomplished with the aid of software, which also affects our understanding of maker identities in online communities. This article argues that digitalization has not only revolutionized hobbyist craft making with new tools and technologies, but has also paved new ways for practising creative skills, which has had a significant impact on makers’ engagements with craft materials, objects and communities of practices. This is demonstrated through netnographic explorations on Facebook’s leisure craft community where digital material practices are increasingly prevalent in hobbyists’ everyday life. As a conclusion, the article speculates on visions of the future of hobby crafts and its relevance as a leisure pursuit.

This paper presents the results of a study of sustainable technologies that could be used in the design of an inland leisure craft carried out with particular reference to the Norfolk and Suffolk Broads. The first phase of the study involved identifying the appropriate technologies and ranking them using stakeholder consultation and expert opinion. Subsequently life cycle analysis and life cycle costing were carried out for a hypothetical fleet of leisure craft utilizing the identified high-ranking technologies. On the basis of the outcome of the analyses, cost effective eco-friendly technologies have been identified for leisure craft design within specified scenarios.

The past 10 years have seen an explosion in the use of high speed marine craft. This explosion has been in most sectors of operation, leisure, passenger carrying and military, and is now poised to expand into the cargo carrying sector. The sizes of the new generation of fast craft can range from small 60 knot, 7 metre leisure craft up to fast ferries which are 140 metres long with speeds of 40 knots. Future developments encompass 40 knot large cargo ships, 100 knot passenger and cargo vessels and very high speed military craft. Added to this galaxy of high speed concepts is the 200 knot wing-in-ground (WIG) craft, which, because it flies close to the sea surface, will interact with other marine traffic.

The craft beer movement and craft beer tourism are a new global phenomenon that has reached various parts of the world. However, the literature on craft beer tourism mostly focuses on traditional origins of craft beer in Western countries—the US, Australia, and European countries. This research note illustrates how a study of the Thai craft beer movement and craft beer tourism could contribute to the existing body of knowledge. The consumption of non-Western people in non-Western places has been underrepresented in the literature of food and beverage tourism. The craft beer movement has spread to Thailand via urban middle-class Thais who brought the passion for and knowledge of home brewing from the West to Thailand. Brewing lessons, brewery visits, and craft beer events/ festivals have functioned as community building activities for Thai craft beer enthusiasts as well as the main craft beer distribution channel. Craft beer consumption continues to grow despite the Thai alcoholic production law that prohibits home brewing. For future studies, different craft beer tourism activities in Thailand should be analyzed for 1) the adoption of the experience economy framework, 2) the formation of the consumption community, 3) the roles of various stakeholders who differentially contribute to and benefit from craft beer tourism activities, and 4) the role of foreign tourists in the development of craft beer tourism in Thailand.

This article investigates the Italian craft brewing revolution, a florescence of small-scale, artisanal beer production that began in the late 1990s. This revolution presents a number of provocative paradoxes, such as the growing importance of beer consumption and production in a country long known for its wine, its economic success at a time of ongoing and severe economic crisis in Italy, and the ways in which a love of drinking beer is driving many to choose to make it. Drawing on extensive survey data among craft brewers, ethnographic research, and interviews with craft brewers and their supporters, we show that Italian craft beer is a valuable case study of productive leisure leading to passionate production, and sketch the regional contours of Italian craft brewing against the contemporary global rise in artisanal beer production and consumption.

Craft villages are a unique feature of rural Vietnam. They play an important role in rural social - economic development and contribute to industrialisation and modernisation processes. Craft village development contributes to poverty alleviation and hunger eradication in rural areas, provides jobs in leisure time, improves incomes and quality of life etc. However, the sustainable development of craft villages has yet to receive due attention from legislation and administrative authorities at all levels. Unlike many countries in the world, craft villages in Vietnam are not only associated with the preservation of cultural values but also exist as industrial clusters. Based on traditional activities, craft villages of Vietnam are characterized by small-scale level, manually operated equipment and backward technologies, low material/fuel efficiency, suffered limitations of manufacturing space and possessed insufficient awareness on environment and health protection of the people. Because of this, a number of the activities of the craft villages have imposed pressure on their respective environments, and the surrounding communities, especially water environmental pollution. This article focuses on the challenges of water environmental protection in craft villages of Vietnam; It also provides shortcomings in water environmental management in craft villages and recommendation to amend and supplement regulations and mechanisms related to water environmental management in craft villages in Vietnam.

This dissertation is situated at the crossroads of sociology, anthropology, and marketing. Theories of the former two disciplines inform phenomena of the latter. The focal phenomenon is the role of aestheticized markets in contemporary formations of middle-class masculinity and femininity in the U.S. Aestheticized markets are those that incorporate refined notions of beauty, originality, and superiority. This process has been a core force in the expansion of consumer markets in early and late capitalism. In addition to opening up new markets, the aestheticization of markets opens up new subjectivities. It instills in individuals the desire to better themselves through the quest for novel, sensory-pleasing experiences, and it offers them renewed resources to define their social affiliations. My dissertation studies the formation of gendered and classed subjectivities using the empirical contexts of two middle-class, gendered markets that have been recently aestheticized in the U.S.: craft beer and knitting. Unlike three decades ago, craft beer drinkers can now indulge in a variety of flavors and premium styles, produced by more than 3,000 breweries. Likewise, knitters can now indulge in a variety of colors and premium fibers, as noted by a number of high-circulation magazines and scholarly papers. I studied these markets for about four years, conducting participant-observation, interviews, and document analysis. The results of this fieldwork are organized in two empirical chapters. The first focuses on the institutional and non-institutional processes that alter middle-class men's relationships with the aesthetic dimension of a particular market; the empirical context is craft beer. The second empirical chapter documents how middle-class women deploy the ideological and material resources provided by aestheticized markets in gender struggles; the empirical context is knitting. Together, these chapters explicate how gender positions shape the way middle-class individuals learn and display aesthetic expertise. The knowledge of these processes provides both theoretical contributions to the literature on taste, class, and gender, and managerial insight into how market institutions can develop programs that initiate a meaningful, long-term engagement with consumers based on classed and gendered approaches to aesthetic involvement.

The aim of this study was to describe the meaning of activity amongst women participating in a craft group in South Africa. A qualitative method was used to answer the aim of the study. Ten African women who live in townships outside Pretoria have been interviewed. The interviews were conducted with support by an interview guide containing semi-structured questions. All collected data were transcribed verbatim and analyzed with a qualitative content analysis, which resulted in two main categories each containing two sub-categories; 1) “Internal Values” containing “Taking part in a social activity” and “Gaining self – esteem through activity”, and 2) “External Values” containing “productivity” and “leisure”. The categories within the Internal values contain descriptions from the participants that concern the meaning inside the person when participating in craft activities. The categories within External values contain descriptions that concern factors outside the person that have a meaning to the participants. This study showed that craft was of great importance for the participants in different areas, such as social network and personal development. The meaning of craft in Occupational Therapy needs to be further investigated and it would be interesting to conduct a similar study in Sweden.
Syftet med denna uppsats var att beskriva betydelsen av aktivitet hos en grupp kvinnor som deltar i en hantverksgrupp i Sydafrika. En kvalitativ metod användes för att besvara syftet med studien. Tio afrikanska kvinnor som bor i kåkstäder utanför Pretoria intervjuades. Intervjuerna genomfördes utifrån en utarbetad intervjuguide innehållande semistrukturerade frågor. Det insamlade datamaterialet analyserades utifrån en kvalitativ innehållsanalys, som utmynnade i två huvudkategorier med två underkategorier vardera; 1) ”Inre värden” som innehåller ”deltagande i en social aktivitet” och ”ökat självförtroende genom deltagande i aktivitet”, och 2). ”Yttre värden” som innehåller” ”produktivitet” och ”fritidsaktiviteter”. I kategorin Inre värden beskriver deltagarna meningen av att delta i hantverksaktiviteter med ett inifrånperspektiv. Kategorin Yttre värden innehåller beskrivningar som är meningsfulla utanför individen. Den här studien visar att hantverk hade stor betydelse för deltagarna inom flera olika områden som socialt nätverk och personlig utveckling. Betydelsen av hantverk inom arbetsterapi behöver studeras ytterligare och det vore intressant att genomföra en liknande studie i Sverige.

Det har uppmärksammat att det fortfarande förekommer tenn och koppar från båtbottenfärg på fritidsbåtars skrov trots förbud av båtbottenfärger med tennföreningen TBT sedan 1989 och reglering av kopparbaserade färger sedan 1999.Syftet med denna kandidatuppsats är att ge en dagslägesrapport vad gäller förekomst av tenn och koppar på fritidsbåtars skrov.Under våren 2011 har tester på 336 fritidsbåtar i tre vattenområden gjorts med hjälp av en handhållen XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence, röntgenfluorescens) som genom avläsning av en yta visar halter av olika grundämnen. Testerna utfördes på vinterförvarade fritidsbåtar <12 m hos båtklubbar vid Mälaren, Storsjön och Härnösandskusten. Undersökningen visar att 73 % av båtarna i denna undersökning har halter av tenn och/eller koppar överstigande >2500 ppm, vilket är det för rapporten satta riktvärdet. Det innebär att de skulle kunna tas vidare till kemisk testning med till exempel gaskromatografi kopplad till masspektrometri (GC-MS) för att avgöra exakt vilken substans färgen innehåller. Resultatet visar också att användningen av tennfärger antingen fortfarande förekommer i liten skala eller att gamla tennfärger är så pass starka att de ger utslag genom övermålade färglager. Kopparfärg verkar användas både vid ostkusten och i insjöar.Antifoulingsystem som kan ersätta bottenfärg blir allt vanligare och det dyker upp fler och fler mer miljövänliga alternativ på marknaden. Det vanligaste alternativa systemet, båttvättar, blir dock mindre miljövänligt i och med förekomst av gammal färg innehållande skadliga substanser som tvättas av i båtborsttvättar med starkt bristfällig uppsamling och rening av avfallet/slammet.
It has been noticed that tin and copper are still present in antifouling paints residing on the hulls of leisure boats, in spite of a ban of TBT-based paints since 1989 and strict regulations regarding copper-based paints since 1999.This bachelor thesis aims to give the reader a view of the current situation regarding the presence of tin and copper on the hull of leisure boats.During the spring of 2011, 336 leisure boats in three different waters were tested with a hand-held XRF analyzer (X-Ray Fluorescence). After scanning the surface of a hull the machine displays the paint’s proportions of basic elements. Testing was performed on leisure boats, winter-stored at yacht clubs connected to the lakes Mälaren, Storsjön and the coast of Härnösand. In this study 73 % of the tested boats show levels of tin and/or copper exceeding the (for this essay) set limits of 2500 parts per million, which means they could qualify for further testing, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for example, to determine the exact substances in the paints. The results also show that tin-based paints are either still in use, albeit in small scale, or that they are strong enough to detect through another layer(s) of paint. Copper-based paints seem to be used both along the east coast and in fresh-water lakes.More and more alternative antifouling systems that are capable of replacing paints while being more environmentally friendly are reaching the market. The most common alternative, to wash the boat with brushes or with a high-pressure water jet, is somewhat less environmentally friendly when the boat is painted with harmful substances and the facilities lack proper collection and sanitation of the wastewater.

This thesis addresses needlework between 1920 and 1970 as a window into women's broader experiences, and also asserts it as a valid topic of historical analysis in its own right. Needlecraft was a ubiquitous part of women's lives which has until recently been largely neglected by historians. The growing historiography of needlework has relied heavily on fashion and design history perspectives, focusing on the products of needlework and examples of creative needlewomen. Moving beyond this model, this thesis establishes the importance of process as well as product in studying needlework, revealing the meanings women found in, attached to, and created through the ephemeral moment of making. Searching for the ordinary and typical, it eschews previous preoccupations with creation, affirming re-creation and recreation as more central to amateur needlework. Drawing upon diverse sources including oral history research, objects, Mass Observation archives, and specialist needlework magazines, this thesis examines five key aspects of women's engagement with needlework: definitions of ‘leisure' and ‘work'; motivations of thrift in peacetime and war; emotions; the modern and the traditional and finally, the gendering of needlework. It explores needlework through three central themes of identity, obligation and pleasure. Whilst asserting the validity and importance of needlework as a subject of research in its own right, it also contributes to larger debates within women's history. It sheds light on the chronology and significance of domestic thrift, the meanings of feminised activities, the emotional context of home front life, women's engagement with modern design and concepts of ‘leisure' and ‘work' within women's history.

En av de största utmaningarna i dagens samhälle är att säkerställa hållbar utveckling, vilket ingick i FN:s sjunde milleniemål med måldatum 2015. Östersjön är ett särskilt känsligt innanhav med en hotad biologisk mångfald och en utbredd övergödningsproblematik. År 2001 gav Helcom, en samarbetsorganisation för alla Östersjöländer, rekommendationen att införa ett förbud mot utsläpp av toalettavfall från fritidsbåtar som ett steg i att begränsa tillförseln av näringsämnen till Östersjön. Den 1 april år 2015 infördes förbudet i Sverige. Under de följande månaderna blev förbudet mycket uppmärksammat i media och det har sedan dess förekommit en stor kvantitet synpunkter på förbudet. Från april till oktober 2015 inkom 182 anmälningar gällande brister i hamnars mottagande av toalettavfall till Transportstyrelsen. Studien syftar till att utvärdera förbudets potentiella bidrag till hållbar utveckling, att undersöka fritidsbåtsägares syn på utsläppsförbudet samt att ge förslag till förbättringar för att förbudet enklare ska kunna efterlevas för fritidsbåtsägare. Studien genomfördes med en kombination av olika metoder. Huvudmomentet utgjordes av kvalitativa intervjuer med fritidsbåtsägare. Som komplement skickades en webbenkät till 109 personer. Svarsfrekvensen beräknades till 92 procent, vilket belyser det stora engagemang som funnits i att delta i studien. Därutöver sammanställdes de brister och synpunkter som rapporterats in till Transportstyrelsen. Författarna har även deltagit i seminarier. Resultaten visar att majoriteten av fritidsbåtsägarna anser att förbudet är korrekt och att principen att inte släppa ut toalettavfall i Östersjön är riktig. Enligt webbenkäten skulle 64 av 99 personer tömma båtens septiktank i havet om det inte fanns någon fungerande mottagningsanordning inom deras färdväg. Situationen speglas även i förbättringsförslagen då det mest frekvent förekommande förslaget är att bygga ut nätet med mottagningsanordningar och att säkerställa att befintliga anordningar är i drift och fungerar. Fritidsbåtsägarna gav flera argument både för och emot förbudet och hade även synpunkter på förbudets utformning. Två vanligt förekommande argument för förbudet var vikten av att ta ansvar för sina egna utsläpp och den sanitära olägenheten att bada i samma vatten som någon släpper ut toalettavfall i. Tre vanliga motargument var att regleringar för andra aktörer som jordbruk, industrier och kommunala bräddavlopp bör införas innan regleringar för fritidsbåtsägare, att toalettavfallet sprids ut i en så stor volym vatten och att båtliv ska innebära frihet. Förbudet kan bidra till hållbar utveckling ur såväl det sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska perspektivet trots att utsläpp av näringsämnen från fritidsbåtar utgör en mindre andel av de totala utsläppskvantiteterna. Flera av Östersjöns ekosystemtjänster hotas av övergödning, exempelvis livsmedelsproduktion, biologisk mångfald och estetiska värden. Författarna till denna rapport anser därmed att alla ekonomiskt rimliga åtgärder kan motiveras ur ett ekosystemtjänstperspektiv för att inte riskera kommande generationers möjlighet att uppfylla sina behov. Förbudet bidrar ytterligare till den sociala dimensionen av hållbarhet genom att det medför en ökad medvetenhet kring problematiken relaterad till Östersjöns miljötillstånd. Författarna rekommenderar i första hand att det byggs flera landtoaletter och sugtömningsanordningar. Placeringen av dessa bör ses över av en aktör med ett övergripande ansvar. Spridning av information kring var det finns utplacerade mottagningsanordningar rekommenderas, exempelvis via en applikation i mobiltelefonen och utmärkning på sjökort. Därutöver bör information om vilka regler som gäller för fritidsbåtsägare och hamnansvariga spridas, samt tydliga användarinstruktioner på mottagningsanordningarna vara mer frekvent förekommande.
One of the greatest challenges in today’s society is to ensure sustainable development, which was included in the UN:s 7th millennium goal with target date 2015. The Baltic Sea is an extra sensitive inland sea with a threatened biodiversity and widespread eutrophication problems. In 2001 Helcom, a cooperation organization for all Baltic Sea countries, gave the recommendation to prohibit discharge of sewage from pleasure craft as a step to limit the input of nutrients to the Baltic Sea. The 1st of April 2015 the prohibition was introduced in Sweden. In the following months the prohibition got a lot of attention in media and many people commented upon it. From April to October 2015, Transportstyrelsen received 182 notifications about deficiencies in ports’ reception of sewage. This study aims at evaluating the prohibitions’ contribution to sustainable development, examining the owners of pleasure craft’s view of the sewage prohibition and to come up with improvement proposals in order to make it easier for pleasure craft owners to follow the prohibition. The study was conducted with a combination of different methods. The main part consisted of qualitative interviews with pleasure craft owners. As a complement, a web questionnaire was distributed to 109 persons. The response rate was estimated to 92 percent, which highlights the great intrest to participate in the study. The notifications that were reported by Transportstyrelsen’s web form were compiled as well. The authors have also participated in seminars with different actors. The results of the study shows that the majority of the pleasure craft owners thought that the prohibition was correct and the principle of not emitting sewage in the Baltic Sea was appropriate. According to the web questionnaire 64 of 99 people would empty the septic tank of the boat in the sea if there was no functioning emptying equipment in their route. This was also reflected in the improvement proposals where the most common proposals were to expand the network of emptying equipment and to ensure that the existing stations are in operation. The pleasure craft owners stated several arguments both for and against the prohibition and also commented on the formation of the prohibition. Two common arguments with the prohibition were the importance of taking responsibility of your own emissions and the sanitary inconvenience in bathing in the same water as someone is discharging sewage in. Three common counterarguments were that regulations for other actors as agriculture, industries and municipal overflow outlets should be introduced before regulations for pleasure craft owners, that the sewage is spread out in a large amount of water and that boating should stand for freedom. The prohibition can contribute to sustainable development both from the social, economic and ecological dimensions despite that the emissions of nutrients from the pleasure boats represent a small proportion of the total amount of emissions. Several ecosystem services of the Baltic Sea are threatened by eutrophication, for example food production, biodiversity and aesthetic values. In the writers opinion thereby all economically reasonable actions are motivated from an ecosystem service perspective not to risk the possibility for future generations to fulfill their needs. The prohibition is further contributing to social sustainability by entailing an increased awareness of the problems related to the Baltic Sea's environmental status. The writers primarily recommend building of more toilets on land and more suction drainage devices. The placement of these should be reviewed by an actor with an overall responsibility. Spreading of information about where the emptying equipments are located is recommended, both by an application in the mobile phone and marked in the nautical chart. In addition, information about the rules that apply to recreational pleasure craft owners and port responsibles should also be spread, as well as clear user instructions on emptying equipments.

Nunca trabalhe! Na rotina diária de dormir, trabalho e lazer, a sociedade moderna dependia demais do trabalho, tornando se escrava do mundo moderno. Celebrar o trabalho no tempo livre é um desenvolvimento recente, trabalho misturado com tempo para a família, religião, em outras palavras, civilização desdobrada em jogo. As crises e os desequilíbrios do trabalho são o legado da Revolução Industrial, em que a vida se dividiu em trabalho e não-trabalho. Estamos à beira de uma revolução tecnológica e social que deixará milhões sem emprego. Automação, inteligência artificial e aprendizado profundo estão a ameaçar a sociedade que foi definida pelo capitalismo nos últimos 150 anos. Embora tenha produzido desenvolvimento e abundância sem precedentes no mundo, nos últimos 30 anos, com mercados desregulados, a riqueza se concentra em poucos, enquanto a desigualdade aumenta, a classe média está a desaparecer. O dogma de que a próxima geração viverá melhor do que a anterior já não existe. As pessoas vão se afastar do trabalho, a questão é como compensar os milhões de pessoas irritadas. Se a maioria da sociedade não tiver acesso ao emprego, o trabalho não pode ser a única medida de sucesso que dá sentido a um indivíduo. A renda básica universal é uma ferramenta de equilíbrio, ao dar dinheiro para as pessoas gastarem, o conceito de oferta e demanda continua em execução. A longo prazo, com uma rede de segurança que cobre as necessidades básicas, a sociedade pode evoluir mesmo no seu tempo livre. Um mundo sem empregos definitivamente não será um mundo sem trabalho. Numa economia compartilhada, o papel do arquiteto mudará. Peritos e profissões mudam, portanto, a arquitetura como disciplina também. Projetar para uma sociedade mais acelerada e mutável é um desafio, os prédios sobrevivem a suas funções, ocupar uma casa pode acontecer de muitas maneiras diferentes, estruturas familiares clássicas vão além daquelas que conhecemos agora. Construir para o futuro significa construir para durar, projetar para acomodar mudanças, preparar-se para reutilizar e adaptar-se à arquitetura atual, dando aos edifícios antigos uma nova vida.
Never work! In the daily routine of sleep, work and leisure modern society relied too much on work, making it the master of the modern world. Celebrating work over free time is a recent development, work blended with family time, religion, in other words, civilization unfolded in play. The crises and the imbalances of work are the legacy of the Industrial Revolution, in which life got compartmentalized in work and non-work. We are on the verge of a technological and societal upheaval that will leave millions without jobs. Automation, artificial intelligence, and deep learning are threatening the society that was defined by capitalism for the last 150 years. While it has brought about unprecedented development and abundance in the world, in the last 30 years with deregulated markets that wealth concentrates in very few hands, while inequality rises, the middle-class is disappearing. The dogma that the next generation will be living better offthan the previous is gone. People will be turned away from work the question is how to compensate those angry millions. If the majority of society will not have access to employment, work cannot be the only measurement of success giving meaning to an individual. Universal basic income is a tool to level the field, and by giving free money to people to spend, the concept of supply and demand keeps running. In the long run, with a safety net covering one’s basic needs, society can again unfold in play. A world without jobs will defi nitely not be a world without work. In a shared economy, the role of the architect will change. Experts and professions change, therefore architecture as a discipline will too. Designing for a more accelerated, ever-changing society is a challenge, buildings outlive their functions, occupying a house can happen in a lot of different ways, family structures go beyond the classical that we know now. Building for the future means building to last, to design and prepare to accommodate change and adapt to current architecture by reuse, by giving old buildings new life.

碩士
明新科技大學
服務事業管理研究所碩士班
104
abstract In this paper, we study the『integration of 3D software and the creation of art crafts from a leisure perspective』, want to have a meaningful; To move very happy; Leisure craft activities, overcome traditional process difficulty and the continuation of life, and practice the 3d software modelling design concept of 「virtual transformation real」Leisure craft creation process is：the application of 3d drawing software, finally by literature review, expert interview, the actual production, three facing for the spindle, 3d software into leisure analysis and practical verification, summed up the 3d software architecture design and production technology, research and development of the specification, and is conducive to the 3d design of theory and application in the production process. A 3d software design 「creation of art crafts from a leisure perspective」 making object group: personal、small capital、miniature entrepreneurship、hand made craft, using 3d software aided design new thinking, craft product design performance, reduce the production cost, to create "leisure craft", performance of the five features: 「culture」、「technological」 and 「leisure」、 「difference」、「originality」process industry in the future, show characteristics and survival value, leisure when engaged in creative activities, let the mood and situation is the best relief, at the same time grasp the technological innovation trend of era, aesthetic feeling and focus into three-dimensional software process technology innovation and development, technology life continues and inheritance, is the author discusses the purpose of this study. Keywords: 3d software, crafts

碩士
南開科技大學
福祉科技與服務管理所
100
By taking the elderly people in Caotun Township as the subjects, this study investigates the development tendency of the LOHAS life style in their daily life, and learns about their willingness of participating in crafts leisure activities, expecting to guide them to improve the retired life quality and successfully achieve the goal of active aging the elderly people. This study adopts questionnaire survey which can be divided into two parts: The first part for survey investigated the food, clothing, housing, transportation, raising, education and recreational activities in daily life of the elderly people in Caotun Township which conform to the LOHAS life style; the second part probes into the willingness and preference of the aged in participating crafts leisure activities. It obtains 325 valid copies out of 350 questionnaires.With SPSS 12.0 for windows for descriptive statistics, Independent samples t test ,single foctor analysis of variance,Scheffe posteriori comparison test and Pearson correlation analysis approach. The study results are shown as follows: (1) The elderly people have a tendency of LOHAS behavior in daily life and people with different backgrounds have differences in profession and monthly disposable money. (2) On the whole, the elderly people have a high willingness to participating leisure crafts activities. And the elderly people with the background variables of male, college education, other occupation and income of 10,001~15,000 NTD have the highest mean value. Moreover, the elderly people with different background variables show differences in participating in the leisure crafts activities under the variables of education and occupation. (3) The top three rankings of the leisure crafts activities favored by the elderly people are gardening activities, straw process and carpentry DIY. (4) The education, recreation and housing in the LOHAS life style are moderately correlated with participating in the leisure crafts activities, and are lowly correlated with food, clothing and transportation.

Historians not only have knowledge of history, but by writing about it and engaging with other historians from the past and present, they make history themselves. This companion offers young historians clear guidelines for the different phases of historical research; how do you get a good historical question? How do you engage with the literature? How do you work with sources from the past, from archives to imagery and objects, art, or landscapes? What is the influence of digitalisation of the historical craft? Broad in scope, Writing History! also addresses historians’ traditional support of policy makers and their activity in fields of public history, such as museums, the media, and the leisure sector, and offers support for developing the necessary skills for this wide range of professions.

This chapter considers how, for young urbanites with hip tastes, the culture of the cocktail world exude cool. To them, visiting the hidden bar for craft cocktails and unique small-batch spirits, the lodge-like masculine barbershop for a classic-looking haircut and an old-fashioned shave, and the local butcher for a rare cut of locally raised meat are fundamental to life in the city. People with certain sensibilities toward what they buy and do for leisure seek out these new urban luxuries among the city's many other options. They represent fun, cool, and urbane alternatives to the more popular sports bars and loud nightclubs, branded booze, cheap and quick haircuts, and shrink-wrapped meat on Styrofoam trays.

Through a narrative telling of his journey as an eikaiwa teacher and researcher, Daniel Hooper takes on the issue of “fun” or “leisure” within eikaiwa teaching in this chapter. He claims that while the notion of eikaiwa teachers being “fun” is often marked as cause for eikaiwa being positioned outside of “serious” education, the socially-constructed identity of the “entertainer” is by no means restricted to eikaiwa. Furthermore, he also argues that “fun” has undeservedly been given a bad name in the field and that, even in the face of social/professional stigma, eikaiwa teachers can craft their own valid “educator” identities.

The chemist is “both a craftsman and a philosopher” (Knight 1992, 13). Chemistry traces its origins to such ancient crafts as metalworking, dyeing, tanning, and ceramics, and also to the ancient philosophers’ speculations about the nature of matter. As a unique combination of the theoretical and the practical, the practice of chemistry raises interesting ethical questions. Chemistry has transformed the modern world with amazing new materials, powerful drugs, agricultural products that have increased farm productivity, new and better explosives that can be used for both construction and destruction, synthetic textile fibers, brilliantly colored dyes, and countless others. With these advances have come unfortunate effects like environmental pollution. As a result, moral questions concerning the relationship between chemistry and society have become increasingly urgent (Hoffmann 1997). The remarkable scientific successes during World War II, such as the Manhattan Project and the development of radar, changed the practice of science. Science, including chemistry, was no longer a leisurely activity conducted primarily by university faculty with the assistance of a few graduate students and minimal financial support. Government funding, epitomized by the founding of the National Science Foundation, along with increased private foundation and industry support stimulated the growth of research programs in universities, national laboratories, and private research institutions. Scientific research has become high profile and high pressure; the rewards for success can be significant in both prestige and money. Although scientists have always been competitive, the culture of the community has changed in recent years, straining the bonds of collegiality and bringing questions of professional ethics to the forefront. Over the past few decades, the number of working scientists has increased significantly. Research groups have become larger and research has become more collaborative, more interdisciplinary, and more international. The Internet makes communication and collaborations between research groups at different universities or in different countries easy. As a result, researchers are able to address increasingly complex problems in large interdisciplinary teams. The single-author article is disappearing; instead, author lists of five to ten are quite common. Although these changes have led to important scientific advances, they have also made it harder to ensure research integrity.

Leisure boats market has constantly grown during the recent years, entailing an increasing need of design tools. This seems particularly urgent for seakeeping and hydrodynamic performance prediction in the field of planing boats. Numerical methodologies are almost consolidated instruments for conventional displacement ships, while some shortcomings are still to be faced and overcome concerning planing craft, due to the high complexity of the hydrodynamic problem. The present paper describes a simplified methodology for the prediction of pitch, heave and roll motions of a planing boat, in regular and irregular waves. In the formulation, a 2D approach is adopted, based on ‘momentum theory’; various aspects of the wedge-theory are used in order to model the sectional characteristics, with particular attention to the added mass. A validation of the proposed methodology concerning vertical motions is presented against data available in literature.