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Journal articles on the topic 'Lely method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Nerding, M., Kurt Semmelroth, Gerhard Pensl, Hiroyuki Nagasawa, and Horst P. Strunk. "Microstructure of Cubic SiC Grown by the Modified Lely-Method." Materials Science Forum 457-460 (June 2004): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.457-460.147.

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2

Semmelroth, Kurt, Michael Krieger, Gerhard Pensl, Hiroyuki Nagasawa, Roland Püsche, Martin Hundhausen, Lothar Ley, M. Nerding, and Horst P. Strunk. "Growth of 3C-SiC Bulk Material by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 457-460 (June 2004): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.457-460.151.

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3

Anikin, Mikhail, Michel Pons, Etienne Pernot, and Roland Madar. "Defect Reduction in SiC Crystals Grown by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 433-436 (September 2003): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.433-436.83.

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4

Tuominen, M., R. Yakimova, R. C. Glass, T. Tuomi, and E. Janzén. "Crystalline imperfections in 4H SiC grown with a seeded Lely method." Journal of Crystal Growth 144, no. 3-4 (December 1994): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(94)90466-9.

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5

Hirose, Fusao, Yasuo Kitou, Naoki Oyanagi, Tomohisa Kato, Shin Ichi Nishizawa, and Kazuo Arai. "Characterization of Inclusions in SiC Bulk Crystals Grown by Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 389-393 (April 2002): 75–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.389-393.75.

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6

Schulze, N., D. Barrett, and G. Pensl. "Controlled Growth of 15R-SiC Single Crystals by the Modified Lely Method." physica status solidi (a) 178, no. 2 (April 2000): 645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-396x(200004)178:2<645::aid-pssa645>3.0.co;2-c.

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7

Franck, Paul Hubert Frans, Cobie Postma, Marjan Veuger, Pierre Wijermans, and Frans A. Kuypers. "A Family with Hereditary Elliptocytosis: Variable Clinical Severity Caused by Three Mutations in the α-Spectrin Gene,." Blood 118, no. 21 (November 18, 2011): 3167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.3167.3167.

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Abstract Abstract 3167 Introduction The membrane of erythrocytes is composed of a bilayer of phospholipids and cholesterol. It is strengthened by a membraneskeleton consisting of the proteins spectrin, ankyrin, pallidin, band 3 and band 4.1. Hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) is caused by mutations in the spectrin protein, resulting in a typical elliptocytic shape. These cells have a decreased deformability and a shortened lifespan. Most mutations in HE are located in the head to head self association site of the α- and β dimers of spectrin. HE Patients with heterozygous mutations in α spectrin show little or no hemolysis because α spectrin is synthesized in an excess relative to β spectrin. In the heterozygous situation, plenty of normal wild type α spectrine (Wt α) is available for incorporation in to the membraneskeleton. In Hereditary Pyropoikilocytosis (HPP) with its bizarre shapes, a second mutation in the α spectrin is present, in addition to the HE mutation. It is responsible for a defect in the synthesis of α spectrin, resulting in the production of 50% functional α spectrin. This mutation is called LELY (Low Expression LYon). Thus, when the LELY mutation is located in trans on the allele in respect to the HE allele, the expression of the Wt α spectrin protein is reduced. As a consequence, more abnormal HE spectrin will be incorporated in to the membraneskeleton. This enhanced expression of the HE mutation results in an unstable membraneskeleton of the HPP cell. Method The deformability of erythrocytes is measured using the ektacytometer LORRCA Maxsis of Mechatronics (Hoorn, The Netherlands). DNA was isolated from white blood cells from peripheral blood. The HE mutations are found by a PCR of the α spectrin exons where most mutations exists for HE, followed by DNA sequencing using the ABI prism genetic analyzer from Applied Biosystems. The LELY mutation is proven by a PCR of exon 40 of the α spectrin gene followed by RFLP agarose gel electrophoresis.(59 G/A) mutation and the LELY mutation are present. In addition to these Exon 2 and LELY mutations, a third mutation in Exon 6 (103 T/C) is found in the α spectrin of brother E.α spectrin is synthesized and incorporated into the membraneskeleton. The same mutations hold for brother E., but he has HPP. This is attributed to a third additional mutation in Exon 6 of the α spectrin gene. This Exon 6 mutation is located in trans to the Exon 2 mutation that in turn is in cis with the LELY mutation. Like in brother W. the expression of the Exon 2 mutated spectrin is reduced due to the LELY mutation. However relatively more of the Exon 6 mutated α spectrin comes available for the dimerization with β-spectrin resulting in an unstable membrane skeleton, causing the HPP of brother E. Results The B. family is examined for the presence of HE or HPP (figure 1). Brother E. has clinical symptoms, poikilocytes and a typical ektacytometric deformability matching HPP. Brother W. and his daughter N. have no clinical symptoms but elliptocytes and an ektacytometric deformability typical for HE. In all affected individuals the same Exon 2. Conclusion The combination of Exon 2 and LELY mutations normally leads to HPP. Concerning brother W. and his daughter N. this is not the case. They have a mild form of HE. The explanation for this finding is, that the Exon 2- and LELY mutation are located in a cis rather than in a trans position on the α spectrin gene (figure 1). In that case the mutated Exon 2 is less expressed and more Wt. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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8

Lebedev, Alexander A., Pavel L. Abramov, A. S. Zubrilov, Elena V. Bogdanova, Sergey P. Lebedev, Natasha V. Seredova, and Alla S. Tregubova. "On Application of Sublimation Epitaxy to Growth of Bulk 3C-SiC Crystals." Materials Science Forum 679-680 (March 2011): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.679-680.12.

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It is demonstrated that polytype-homogeneous, thick (>100 m) epitaxial 3C-SiC layers of good quality with diameters of no less than 25 mm can be grown on 6H-SiC substrates by sublimation epitaxy in vacuum. These layers can be used as seeds for growing bulk 3C-SiC crystals by modified Lely method.

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9

Schulze, Norbert, Donovan L. Barrett, Michael Weidner, and Gerhard Pensl. "Controlled Growth of Bulk 15R-SiC Single Crystals by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 338-342 (May 2000): 111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.338-342.111.

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10

Semmelroth, Kurt, Frank Schmid, D. Karg, Gerhard Pensl, Manfred Maier, Siegmund Greulich-Weber, and Johann Martin Spaeth. "Growth of Phosphorus-Doped 6H-SiC Single Crystals by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 433-436 (September 2003): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.433-436.63.

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11

Sugiyama, Naohiro, Atsuto Okamoto, Kohei Okumura, Toshihiko Tani, and Nobuo Kamiya. "Step structures and dislocations of SiC single crystals grown by modified Lely method." Journal of Crystal Growth 191, no. 1-2 (July 1998): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0248(98)00124-9.

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12

Takahashi, Jun, Noboru Ohtani, and Masatoshi Kanaya. "Structural defects in α-SiC single crystals grown by the modified-Lely method." Journal of Crystal Growth 167, no. 3-4 (October 1996): 596–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(96)00300-4.

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13

Avrov, D. D., S. I. Dorozhkin, Yu M. Tairov, A. Yu Fadeev, and A. O. Lebedev. "Inclusions of carbon in ingots of silicon carbide grown by the modified Lely method." Semiconductors 42, no. 13 (December 2008): 1469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063782608130034.

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14

Pratiwi, Luh Dea, I. Kadek Saputra, and Meril Valentine Manangkot. "HUBUNGAN BEBAN KERJA FISIK DENGAN KELUHAN MUSKULOSKELETAL PADA PERAWAT DI RUANG LELY 1 DAN 2 RSUD BULELENG." Coping: Community of Publishing in Nursing 8, no. 4 (December 29, 2020): 440. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/coping.2020.v08.i04.p13.

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Perawat merupakan profesi tenaga kesehatan terbanyak di rumah sakit yang harus menangani dan merawat pasien selama 24 jam dan melakukan asuhan keperawatan yang menerapkan tindakan manual material handling. Manual material handling berisiko menimbulkan beban kerja fisik yang ditandai dengan adanya nyeri di daerah otot yang disebut dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada perawat di ruang Lely 1 dan 2 RSUD Buleleng. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif korelasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 25 responden yang dipilih dengan metode probability sampling yaitu total sampling. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu cardiovascular load dengan menggunakan ten pulse method dan Nordic Body Map. Hubungan beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada perawat dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Product Moment karena data berdistribusi normal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki beban kerja fisik katagori sangat ringan (84%) dan keluhan muskuloskeletal kategori rendah (84%). Uji Pearson Product Moment menunjukkan adanya hasil yang signifikan dengan nilai p yaitu 0,000, r=0,806. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan yang positif antara beban kerja fisik dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada perawat di ruang Lely 1 dan 2 RSUD Buleleng. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, disarankan untuk menerapkan sikap ergonomis sesuai prosedur dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan.

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15

Schulze, Norbert, Jürgen Gajowski, Kurt Semmelroth, Michael Laube, and Gerhard Pensl. "Growth of Highly Aluminum-Doped p-type 6H-SiC Single Crystals by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 353-356 (January 2001): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.353-356.45.

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16

Boltovets, Mykola S., V. N. Ivanov, A. Yu Avksentyev, A. E. Belyaev, A. G. Borisenko, O. A. Fedorovitsh, Raisa V. Konakova, et al. "High Temperature Contacts to GaN and SiC Based on TiB_x Nanostructure Layers." Materials Science Forum 483-485 (May 2005): 1061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.483-485.1061.

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In this communication we present the results of study of new contact systems to GaN epitaxial layers grown on sapphire and n-type 6H-SiC monocrystals. The TiBx nanostructure phase has been used during manufacturing Ti – Al – TiBx – Au and TiBx contact systems. The n-GaN epitaxial layers of 1 µm thickness were grown on [0001] sapphire substrate by vapor-phase epitaxy. The n-type 6H-SiC monocrystals were grown by Lely method with the donor concentration of 2x1018 cm3. The layers of Ti, Al, TiBx and Au were deposited by magnetron sputtering followed by high-temperature annealing.

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17

Sadowski, Horst, Christian Peppermüller, Norbert Schulze, Michael Laube, Gerhard Pensl, and Reinhard Helbig. "Low Temperature Photoluminescence of ¹³C Enriched SiC-Crystals Grown by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 338-342 (May 2000): 623–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.338-342.623.

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18

Sharipov, D. R., O. A. Yakimov, and I. Sh Galimullin. "METHOD FOR SELECTING TECHNOLOGICAL TYPE COWS FOR ROBOTIC MILKING." Scientific Notes Kazan Bauman State Academy of Veterinary Medicine 246, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 272–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31588/2413-4201-1883-246-2-272-275.

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The technological properties of the udder of cows have been studied under the conditions of using a robotic milking system. The research material was Holstein cows in the peasant (farm) economy of the Republic of Tatarstan, serviced by "Astronaut A4" robotic milking from "Lely Industries N.V.". A method for selecting cows for robotic milking has been developed. At the same time, in the herd, first, cows of the 1st lactation at 2-4 months of lactation are assessed according to the duration of milking and animals with duration of milking from 3 to 6 minutes are selected. Then, cows are selected from this group, whose lactation intensity indicator at 2-4 months of lactation exceeds the average value of this group by 0.5 sigma (M + 0.5σ), where M – the arithmetic mean of the indicator; σ – the standard deviation of the indicator. The proposed selection method makes it possible to form a breeding core and increase the milk yield in 305 days of lactation in the group of first-calf cows by 9.5 % (P˂0.01), daily milk yield – 14.4 % (P˂0.001), the milk flow rate – 33 % (P ˂ 0.001) and reduce the duration of cows' stay in the boxing by 17.5 %, the duration of milking cows – 21.7 %. When using this method, the efficiency of using robotic technology for milk production is increased.

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19

Rost, H. J., D. Siche, J. Dolle, W. Eiserbeck, T. Müller, D. Schulz, G. Wagner, and J. Wollweber. "Influence of different growth parameters and related conditions on 6H-SiC crystals grown by the modified Lely method." Materials Science and Engineering: B 61-62 (July 1999): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5107(98)00447-4.

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20

Okuda, Takafumi, Hiroki Miyake, Tsunenobu Kimoto, and Jun Suda. "Persistent Photoconductivity in p-Type 4H-SiC Bulk Crystals." Materials Science Forum 740-742 (January 2013): 413–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.740-742.413.

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We investigated the photoconductivity decay characteristics of p-type 4H-SiC bulk crystals grown by a modified Lely method by differential microwave photoconductance decay (μ-PCD) measurements using a 349-nm laser as an excitation source. We observed persistent photoconductivity (PPC) in the p-type SiC bulk crystals. The decay time at room temperature was 2600 μs. The decay time decreased with increasing temperature, resulting in 120 μs at 250oC, and the activation energy of the decay times was determined to be 140±10 meV. Long decay characteristics were also observed by below-band-gap excitation at 523 or 1047 nm. On the other hand, no PPC was observed in p-type homoepitaxial layers grown by hot-wall chemical vapor deposition.

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21

MESHCHERYAKOV, V. P., YU G. IVANOV, T. N. PIMKINA, and E. V. ERMOSHINA. "METHOD FOR EVALUATING INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MILK EJECTION OF COWS WHEN USING DIFFERENT MILKING TECHNOLOGIES." Izvestiâ Timirâzevskoj selʹskohozâjstvennoj akademii, no. 3 (2021): 66–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/0021-342x-2021-3-66-78.

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The aim of the research is to study the possibility of using a latent period of the ejection of the first portion of milk in order to evaluate the individual characteristics of the milk ejection features of cows using the technology of bucket milking and robotic milking. Two experiments were conducted on cows of Black-Motley breed. Under the first experiment, the individual characteristics of the milk ejection were shown using the technology of bucket milking. Under the second experiment, they were determined for the technology of robotic milking. The first experiment was conducted on 12 mature cows. They were milked with a serial milking machine. The process of lactation was recorded by means of a bucket counter. The parameters of milk ejection were defined by analyzing the curve of lactation and making calculations. The second experiment was conducted on 30 first-calf heifers. Cows were milked on robotic installation the Astronaut A4 of Lely Company (the Netherlands). The data of the information system of herd management Lely T4C have been used for the analysis. Depending on the indicator of a latent period of the first milk portion ejection in both experiments three groups of cows (I–III) have been isolated. The ability of milk ejection in the first group was identified as high, in the second group – average and in the third group – low. Both experiments showed that the value of a latent period of the first milk portion ejection determined the milk ejection ability of cows. The increase in the period of the first milk portion ejection has been found among cows as their milk ejection ability decreses. The currently used milking technology shows that the reduced milk ejection among cows leads to the decrease in the indicators of the average and maximum intensity of milk ejection, the first two minutes of milking and also it leads to longer duration of milking. Using the robotic milking, the authors found that the first-calf heifers with the short period of the first milk portion ejection are characterized by the shortest duration of treating the teats and staying in the milking parlor, the average duration of milk ejection from the each quarter of the udder, as well as high values of the average and maximum intensity of milk ejection. The first-calf heifers with slow milking capacity are characterized by the longest duration of treating the teats and staying in the milking parlor, the average duration of milk ejection from the each quarter of the udder, as well as the lowest values of the average and maximum intensity of milk ejection. This suggests that the selection of first-calf heifers with high milk ejection ability will help to increase the productivity of automatic milking systems during the milking process. It is proposed to use the value of a latent period of the first milk portion ejection in the breeding activities.

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22

Heydemann, V. D., N. Schulze, D. L. Barrett, and G. Pensl. "Growth of 6H and 4H silicon carbide single crystals by the modified Lely process utilizing a dual‐seed crystal method." Applied Physics Letters 69, no. 24 (December 9, 1996): 3728–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117203.

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23

Springle, Alisha P., and Peggy P. Hester. "A Comparison of Visual- and Movement-Based Grammar Interventions for School-Age Children With Language Impairment." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 4, no. 5 (October 31, 2019): 1085–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_pers-sig16-2019-0001.

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Purpose The impact of visual- and movement-specific intervention techniques for developing grammatical morphemes in the spoken language of two 6-year-old female children with language impairment was measured. Method An adapted alternating treatment single-subject study examined the grammar outcomes from the use of Shape Coding (i.e., using shapes, colors, and arrows to teach grammatical rules; Ebbels, van der Lely, & Dockrell, 2007 ) and an equivalent researcher-designed kinesthetic-/movement-based set of cues. Results Interventions were successfully provided by novice clinicians with limited training. Results indicated improvement across both students and were differentiated between students and intervention techniques. Conclusion These positive findings support the use of Shape Coding and movement-based interventions targeting language improvement. School-based clinicians should consider multiple modalities for therapeutic instruction with children with language impairment. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.9454127

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24

Geiser, Jürgen, and Stephan Irle. "Macro- and Microsimulations for a Sublimation Growth of SiC Single Crystals." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2009 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/716104.

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The numerous technical applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices, such as lasers, diodes, and sensors, demand high-quality silicon carbide (SiC) bulk single crystal for industrial applications. We consider an SiC crystal growth process by physical vapor transport (PVT), called modified Lely method. We deal with a model for the micro- and macroscales of the sublimation processes within the growth apparatus. The macroscopic model is based on the heat equation with heat sources due to induction heating and nonlocal interface conditions, representing the heat transfer by radiation. The microscopic model is based on the quantum interatomic potential and is computed with molecular dynamics. We study the temperature evolution in the apparatus and reflect the growth behavior of the microscopic model. We present results of some numerical simulations of the micro- and macromodels of our growth apparatus.

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25

Sadowski, Horst, Norbert Schulze, Thomas Frank, Gerhard Pensl, Michael Laube, and Reinhard Helbig. "Low Temperature Photoluminescence Processes of ¹³C Enriched 6H- and 15R-SiC Crystals Grown by the Modified Lely Method." Materials Science Forum 353-356 (January 2001): 401–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.353-356.401.

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26

Avrov, D. D., A. N. Gorlyak, A. O. Lebedev, V. V. Luchinin, A. V. Markov, A. V. Osipov, M. F. Panov, and S. A. Kukushkin. "Comparative Ellipsometric Analysis of Silicon Carbide Polytypes 4H, 15R, and 6H Produced by a Modified Lely Method in the Same Growth Process." Technical Physics Letters 46, no. 10 (October 2020): 968–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063785020100028.

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27

Acartürk, T., Kurt Semmelroth, Gerhard Pensl, Stephen E. Saddow, and Ulrich Starke. "Concentration of N and P in SiC Investigated by Time-Of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (TOF-SIMS)." Materials Science Forum 483-485 (May 2005): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.483-485.453.

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The concentration of nitrogen and phosphorous in SiC bulk material and epitaxial layers was investigated using time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The advantage of TOF-SIMS of acquiring a complete mass spectrum in a single run was used to identify the most sensitive atomic ion or ionic cluster for the selected element to be monitored. For the investigation of N with its intrinsic low ionization yield the use of a Cs containing cluster ion is necessary. Selection of a CNCs2 + cluster allows to reach a detection limit of about cN,min » 5×1016 cm-3. In the case of P the elemental ion was used. However, the adjacent mass of 30SiH influences the P peak as well as its background and has to be suppressed. This can be achieved by limiting the residual gas re-adsorption during the measurement resulting in a detection limit of about cP,min » 5×1015 cm-3. These measurement parameters were used to investigate a single crystal SiC bulk sample grown by the modified Lely method with intentional P doping and an N doped epitaxial SiC layer sample.

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28

Осипов, А. В., А. С. Гращенко, А. Н. Горляк, А. О. Лебедев, В. В. Лучинин, А. В. Марков, М. Ф. Панов, and С. А. Кукушкин. "Исследование методом наноиндентирования твердости и модуля Юнга в тонких приповерхностных слоях карбида кремния со стороны Si- и C-граней." Письма в журнал технической физики 46, no. 15 (2020): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/pjtf.2020.15.49747.18346.

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This paper presents the results of a nanoindentation study of the hardness and Young’s modulus of hexagonal silicon carbide SiC-4H, obtained by the modified Lely method, in thin surface layers near the C-terminated and Si-terminated faces at small penetration depths of the indenter. It is shown that differences in the elastic properties and hardness of SiC propagate from the surface into the crystal to a depth of about 60 nm. The Young's modulus at the C-terminated face practically coincides with the Young's modulus of the bulk SiC-4H sample (~ 400 GPa), which is approximately 2.3 times higher than the Young's modulus at the Si-terminated face at a depth of 0 to 35 nm (~ 170 GPa). The value of the SiC hardness is approximately 1.5 times higher at the surface of the C-terminated face than at the Si-terminated face, on average, at a depth of 0 to 60 nm. It is concluded from the obtained data that the surface energy of the C-terminated face is also approximately 1.5 times higher than the surface energy of the Si-terminated face since a new surface is formed upon deformation or cracking of the crystal

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29

Chen, Q. S., H. Zhang, V. Prasad, C. M. Balkas, and N. K. Yushin. "Modeling of Heat Transfer and Kinetics of Physical Vapor Transport Growth of Silicon Carbide Crystals." Journal of Heat Transfer 123, no. 6 (April 9, 2001): 1098–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1409263.

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Wide-bandgap silicon carbide (SiC) substrates are needed for fabrication of electronic and optoelectronic devices and circuits that can function under high-temperature, high-power, high-frequency conditions. The bulk growth of SiC single crystal by physical vapor transport (PVT), modified Lely method involves sublimation of a SiC powder charge, mass transfer through an inert gas environment, and condensation on a seed. Temperature distribution in the growth system and growth rate profile on the crystal surface are critical to the quality and size of the grown SiC single crystal. Modeling of SiC growth is considered important for the design of efficient systems and reduction of defect density and micropipes in as-grown crystals. A comprehensive process model for SiC bulk growth has been developed that incorporates the calculations of radio frequency (RF) heating, heat and mass transfer and growth kinetics. The effects of current in the induction coil as well as that of coil position on thermal field and growth rate have been studied in detail. The growth rate has an Arrhenius-type dependence on deposition surface temperature and a linear dependence on the temperature gradient in the growth chamber.

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30

Kalabukhova, Ekaterina N., S. N. Lukin, D. V. Savchenko, W. C. Mitchel, Siegmund Greulich-Weber, Uwe Gerstmann, Andreas Pöppl, et al. "EPR, ESE and Pulsed ENDOR Study of Nitrogen Related Centers in 4H-SiC Wafers Grown by Different Technologies." Materials Science Forum 556-557 (September 2007): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.556-557.355.

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D-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements as well as X and Q-band field-swept Electron Spin Echo (ESE) and pulsed Electron Nuclear Double Resonance (ENDOR) studies were performed on a series of n-type 4H-SiC wafers grown by different techniques including sublimation sandwich method (SSM), physical vapor transport (PVT) and modified Lely method. Depending on the C/Si ratio and the growth temperature the n-type 4H-SiC wafers revealed, besides a triplet due to nitrogen residing on the cubic site (Nc), two nitrogen (N) related EPR spectra with g||=2.0055, g⊥=2.0010 and g||=2.0063, g⊥=2.0005 with different intensities. In the samples with low C/Si ratio the EPR spectrum with g|| =2.0055, g⊥=2.0010 consists of a triplet with low intensity which is tentatively explained as a N-related complex, while in the samples with high C/Si ratio the triplet is transformed into one structureless line of high intensity, which is explained as being due to an exchange interaction between N donors. In the samples grown at low temperature with enhanced carbon concentration the EPR line with g||=2.0063, g⊥=2.0005 and a small hyperfine (hf) interaction dominates the EPR spectrum. It is attributed to N on the hexagonal lattice site. The interpretation of the EPR data is supported by activation energies and donor concentrations obtained from Hall effect measurements for three donor levels in this series of 4H-SiC samples.

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Sukardono, Edi, Ma'mun Sarma, and Komar Sumantadinata. "Strategi Pemasaran Restoran Pecel Lele Lela Cabang Pinangranti, Jakarta Timur." MANAJEMEN IKM: Jurnal Manajemen Pengembangan Industri Kecil Menengah 8, no. 2 (December 2, 2013): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/mikm.8.2.170-180.

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Pecel Lele Lela Restaurant branches Pinangranti is a restaurant that first presents the traditional Deep-fried Catfish food menu into a unique concept with modern restaurant management. This Research aims to (1) find out feasibility, (2) understand the marketing mix of services and assessments of consumer againt services marketing mix so far applied, (3) analysis the factors of internal and external environment that affect marketing strategies, and (4) establish the priority of alternative marketing strategies that can be applied. Sampling technique in this research is purposive sampling. The method used in this research is descriptive method that focuses on invesment and business development aspect, as well as NPV, B/C, PBP, IRR, SWOT and QSPM analysis. Based on financial criteria feasibility on discount rate of 6% NPV Rp2.535.752.046. Net B/C 4,22. IRR 21,34% (IRR > 6%).The return on investment (PBP) which is based on the value of now with the discount rate of 6% are 1.81. It means that the restaurant pecel lele lela branch Pinangranti, East Jakarta worthy to be implemented.The resulted total scores value of both Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) were respectively 2,543 and 2,310 which puts the position on quadrant V, which hold and maintain. Based on the calculation of QSP matrix, the most interesting strategy to apply is creating a new variation of the menu. Keywords: Feasibility, Marketing Strategic, Pecel Lele, Restaurant

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Agarwal, Archana M., Jay L. Patel, Adam Clayton, and Noel Scott Reading. "Use of Next Generation Sequencing Panel for Routine Diagnosis of Hereditary Hemolytic Anemias." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112589.

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Abstract Hereditary hemolytic anemia (HHA) are a heterogeneous group of disorders due to germline mutations of the red cell cytoskeleton (e.g. hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and hereditary elliptocytosis/pyropoikilocytosis (HE/HPP)) or enzyme deficiencies (e.g. glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PD) and pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD). Routine morphological and biochemical analysis may be inconclusive in neonates due to the physiological nature of erythroid cell maturation and can also be misleading in transfusion-dependent patients. Additionally, there has been increasing awareness of inherited red cell membrane disorders that are not easily identified by routine laboratory approaches. For example, clinically insignificant defects of RBC membrane genes (e.g. alpha LELY and alpha LEPRA in SPTA1), which can be present in the parents without significant hemolysis, may result in compound heterozygosity in the offspring, causing severe morbidity or even mortality due to significant hemolysis. Awareness of these low expression alleles is important for genetic counseling purposes. Molecular studies, although becoming more mainstream, have not been used extensively to diagnose these disorders. This is most likely due to the complex genetic nature of these disorders (e.g. large genes with multiple exons involved, and multi-gene disorders (i.e. hyperbilirubinemia due to HS as well as involvement of genes involved in bilirubin metabolism). The accessibility of next generation sequencing (NGS) methods in the clinical laboratory has made diagnosing complex genetic disorders feasible. Our current diagnostic panel includes 28 genes encoding cytoskeletal proteins and enzymes, and covers the complete coding region, splice site junctions, and, where appropriate, deep intronic or regulatory regions. Targeted gene capture and library construction for NGS are performed using a Sure Select kit (Agilent). Indexed samples are quantified using qPCR and then pooled prior to sequencing on the Illumina NextSeq or HiSeq instruments. Samples are sequenced using 150 bp paired-end sequencing. This panel includes genes responsible for RBC membrane defects, enzyme deficiencies, as well as bilirubin uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A) genes that have a distinct role in hyperbilirubinemia. We now report the first 268 patients evaluated using our NGS panel between 2015-2018. These patients were evaluated using an Institutional Review Board Protocol (IRB - 00077285). The age of the patients ranged from newborn to 68 years. These patients presented with symptoms ranging from mild lifelong anemia to severe hemolytic anemia with extreme hyperbilirubinemia. Genetic variants were classified according to the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) guidelines. We identified pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in 64/268 (24%) patients that were clearly responsible for the disease phenotype (e.g. moderate to severe hemolytic anemia). Approximately half of them were novel mutations. Moreover, 29/268 (11%) of patients were homozygous for a promoter polymorphism in the UGT1A1 gene A(TA)7TAA (UGT1A1*28), which may lead to reduced expression of the UGT1A1 gene and Gilbert's syndrome. Furthermore, 4/29 UGT1A1 polymorphism cases were associated with pathogenic spectrin mutations, likely increasing the severity of the clinical phenotype in these patients. Overall, the most commonly mutated genes were SPTB and SPTA1, encoding spectrin subunits, followed by PKLR and ANK1 (Table 1). Complex interactions between variants in the SPTA1 gene and the common alpha-LELY and alpha-LEPRA alleles were predicted to be associated with HPP and autosomal recessive HS in 12/64 patients. Furthermore, 23/268 (9%) patients had mutations that were predicted to cause moderate to severe anemia if inherited with another mutation, making them important for genetic counseling purposes (data not shown). Our results demonstrate that many patients with hemolytic anemia harbor complex combinations of known and novel mutations in RBC cytoskeleton/enzyme genes. Many variants of unknown significance were also identified that could potentially contribute to disease. To conclude, the use of NGS provides a cost-effective and comprehensive method to assist in the diagnosis of hemolytic anemias, especially in instances where complex gene-gene interactions are suspected. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Rachapudi, Venubabu, and Golagani Lavanya Devi. "Feature Selection for Histopathological Image Classification using levy Flight Salp Swarm Optimizer." Recent Patents on Computer Science 12, no. 4 (August 19, 2019): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213275912666181210165129.

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Background: An efficient feature selection method for Histopathological image classification plays an important role to eliminate irrelevant and redundant features. Therefore, this paper proposes a new levy flight salp swarm optimizer based feature selection method. Methods: The proposed levy flight salp swarm optimizer based feature selection method uses the levy flight steps for each follower salp to deviate them from local optima. The best solution returns the relevant and non-redundant features, which are fed to different classifiers for efficient and robust image classification. Results: The efficiency of the proposed levy flight salp swarm optimizer has been verified on 20 benchmark functions. The anticipated scheme beats the other considered meta-heuristic approaches. Furthermore, the anticipated feature selection method has shown better reduction in SURF features than other considered methods and performed well for histopathological image classification. Conclusion: This paper proposes an efficient levy flight salp Swarm Optimizer by modifying the step size of follower salp. The proposed modification reduces the chances of sticking into local optima. Furthermore, levy flight salp Swarm Optimizer has been utilized in the selection of optimum features from SURF features for the histopathological image classification. The simulation results validate that proposed method provides optimal values and high classification performance in comparison to other methods.

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Kuczaj, Marian, Anna Mucha, Alicja Kowalczyk, Ryszard Mordak, and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska. "Relationships between Selected Physiological Factors and Milking Parameters for Cows Using a Milking Robot." Animals 10, no. 11 (November 7, 2020): 2063. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10112063.

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The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the number and stage of lactations, time of day and calving season of cows on milk yield from a single milking, average milking time, average milking per minute, daily milking frequency and the relationship between the tested parameters of quarter milking. The study included a herd of 65 Polish Holstein Friesian black and white cows used in a free-range barn located in south-west Poland. The animals were kept in proper welfare conditions, fed using the partly mixed ration (PMR) method on the feeding table. The milk was obtained using the Lely-Astronaut A4 Automatic Milking System (AMS). The animals on the dairy cattle farm were used in the range from the first to the seventh lactation, i.e., at the age of 2.0 to approximately 10 years. In this study, the amount of milk yielded from the hind quarters was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the trait determined for the front quarters. At the same time, the milk flow rate was statistically significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the front quarters compared to the rear quarters. The daily milk yield in right rear (RR) and left rear (LR) hind quarters was higher by 1.0 kg of milk, respectively, than in right front (RF) and left front (LF) fore quarters. The milking time of the RR and LR hind quarters during the day was longer by 104.9 and 128.8 s, respectively, than the RF and LF fore quarters. The milking speed of the RR and LR hind quarters during the day was lower by 0.2 and 1.12 g/s, respectively, than in the RF and LF fore quarters. The values of the correlation between the yields of milk and its components obtained in this study were high and positive. Correlations between the milk yield and the content of its components were negative. The obtained results confirmed that the natural physiological variability of the udder and teats structure, as well as the course of lactation, significantly affects the individual composition and milk flow during milking. The ability to regulate the milk flow by adjusting the appropriate negative pressure during the robot’s operation, in the observed variability of individual lobes of the mammary gland, increases the efficiency of milking and, as a result, reduces the risk of mastitis in cows.

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Mendoza-González, Ángel, and Ariosto Aguilar-Chávez. "Método para estimar las constantes de la ley logarítmica." Tecnología y ciencias del agua 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 154–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24850/j-tyca-2019-05-06.

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Aminullah, Aminullah, and Dwi Mita Setyasih. "IMPLEMENTASI RETRIBUSI DAERAH PELAYANAN KESEHATAN DI UPTD KESEHATAN PUSKESMAS PUSPO." Journal Publicuho 4, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35817/jpu.v4i1.16232.

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This study discusses the implementation of the Retribution areas of health service in the UPTD Health Center Puspo. The objectives of this study are: 1). To find out the implementation process of Retribution Area of health service in UPTD Health Puspo. 2). To know the factors that influence in its implementation. The method used in this research is qualitative method. With qualitative methods we can describe the regional levy for health services and the factors that influence the implementation of the levy. The results of the study showed that the implementation of regional levy has not been effective. Efforts that need to be made by local governments in order to effectively implement. The effectiveness of service levy in Puskesmas Puspo must be done according to the applicable rules.

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Vartuli, C. B., F. A. Stevie, D. A. Wollman, M. Antonell, R. B. Irwin, J. M. McKinley, T. L. Shofner, B. M. Purcell, S. A. Anderson, and B. To. "Comparison of Elemental Detection Using Microcalorimetry, SIMS, AES and EDS (SEM, STEM, and TEM)." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 128–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600033134.

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Cu contamination has become a larger concern as more semiconductor fabrication facilities switch from aluminum to Cu interconnects. The resolution limits of several analytical tools are compared to determine the optimum analysis methods for detecting Cu contamination in semiconductor materials. The elemental detection limits of Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), Auger Electron Spectrometry (AES), Microcalorimetry and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS) systems on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) instruments are evaluated for Cu in WSix.Two different samples were used in this study. One sample has a high uniform concentration (0.9% atomic, 0.7 wt.%) of Cu that was incorporated during the sputter deposition of WSi2. A lower concentration was ion implanted with 63Cu to a dose of lel4 cm-2 and has a peak concentration of lel9 cm"3, or 0.02% atomic.

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Castellví, Francesc, and Pedro Gavilán. "Estimation of the Latent Heat Flux over Irrigated Short Fescue Grass for Different Fetches." Atmosphere 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12030322.

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Often in agrometeorology the instrumentation required to estimate turbulent surface fluxes must be installed at sites where fetch is not sufficient for a sector of wind directions. For different integrated flux-footprints (IFFP) thresholds and taking as a reference the half-hourly latent heat fluxes (LE) measured with a large weighing lysimeter (LELys), the eddy covariance (EC) method and two methods based on surface renewal (SR) analysis to estimate LE were tested over short fescue grass. One method combined SR with the flux-gradient (profile) relationship, SR-P method, and the other with the dissipation method, SR-D method. When LE was estimated using traces of air moisture, good performances were obtained using the EC and the SR-P methods for samples with IFFP higher than 85%. However, the closest LE estimates were obtained using the residual method. For IFFP higher than 50%, the residual method combined with the sensible heat flux estimates determined using the SR-P method performed close to LELys and using the SR-D method good estimates were obtained for accumulated LELys. To estimate the sensible heat flux, the SR-D method can be recommended for day-to-day use by farmers because it is friendly and affordable.

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Karpinskaya, T. A., and O. E. Kudryavtsev. "Methods of simulation mathematical modeling of the Russian derivatives market in modern times." Vestnik of Don State Technical University 19, no. 4 (January 3, 2020): 398–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/1992-5980-2019-19-4-398-406.

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Introduction. The paper is devoted to simulation modeling. Basic methods of the simulation mathematical modeling in the derivatives market are described. A group of realistic nonGaussian Levy processes that generalize the classical BlackScholes model is considered. The work objective is to study the most efficient methods of market forecasting, as well as the software implementation of the simulation mathematical modeling technique of the Russian derivatives market based on the Levy model. This research is relevant due to the demand for applications that simulate the dynamics of financial assets and evaluate options in realistic models of the derivatives market, allowing for jumps.Materials and Methods. Basic methods for forecasting the derivatives market, methods for determining the volatility rate at a known option price, are considered. The most effective types of Levy processes for the simulation mathematical modeling of the Russian derivatives market at the present stage are highlighted. The possibilities of the Java language for the implementation of mathematical methods are considered.Research Results. A program is developed in the Java programming language that implements the Levy mathematical model, which includes Gaussian and generalized Poisson processes. The program for calculating the mathematical method is created in the free integrated application development environment NetBeans IDE to work with any operating system.Discussion and Conclusions. The result of the simulation mathematical modeling analysis has shown that the most efficient methods in the derivatives market are those based on realistic non-Gaussian Levy processes. The software implementation of such mathematical methods can be used for educational purposes. The developed application has demonstrated high quality and speed of calculations using software resources.

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Ku, Bon Il, Young Ho Eom, and Woon Wook Jang. "An Efficient Numerical Method for Pricing Levy Option Models : With Variance Gamma Process." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 15, no. 2 (November 30, 2007): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-02-2007-b0001.

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We study an efficient numerical method for pricing European options when the dynamics of the underlying asset are described by Levy processes. In this case. we can write a characteristic function solution for a specific Levy option model and then take its inversion numerically. Specifically we use Variance Gamma process as an example of Levy option model and consider various characteristic function representation forms of European option price such as Carr and Madan (1999), Bakshi and Madan (2000). and Lewis (2001). Fast Fourier Transform method is applied to solve the numerical inversion problem with parameters for the KOSPI 200 options data. After analysing the problems in the FFT method, we propose alternative numerical inversion method, Gaussian Quadrature. This paper reports that Gaussian Quadrature numerical inversion method with the representation form of Bakshi & Madan (2000) is more efficient and accurate than other alternatives considered in this paper.

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Rhee, Joon Hee, and Soo Chun Park. "The Term Structure Model under the α-Stable Levy Process." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 18, no. 1 (February 28, 2010): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-01-2010-b0003.

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This paper derives the analytic solutions of the pure discount bond price under the various types of -stable Levy process. It is well-known that only a few cases in-stable Levy process have the moment generating function. This paper extends the model to damped-stable Levy processes, which have artificial stable process with the moment generating function. This paper also extends models to stochastic volatility by time change method of Levy process.

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Woro Tri Handayani, Nandia Rani, Martinus Maslim, and Paulus Mudjihartono. "Forecasting of Catfish Sales by Time Series Using the SARIMA method." Jurnal Buana Informatika 11, no. 2 (October 31, 2020): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/jbi.v11i2.3535.

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Abstrak. Sistem informasi yang mengotomatiskan proses bisnis, terutama dengan persyaratan khusus masih relevan saat ini. Clarias Makmur, sebuah usaha mikro di Indonesia yang membiakkan dan menjual ikan lele menggunakan sistem informasi ini untuk menjalankan penjualan, pengeluaran, modal, dan pelaporan mereka. Penjualan ikan lele sebagai makhluk hidup memiliki ciri khas tersendiri yang menunjukkan pola musiman yang unik. Sebuah model bernama SARIMA (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) kemudian diusulkan untuk memprediksi penjualan. Lebih lanjut, sistem yang disebut SITRAN dibuat online supaya perusahaan mikro ini beroperasi secara fleksibel. Ada 400 data penjualan yang digunakan dalam metode ini untuk membuat model dan prediksi, sedangkan 100 data lainnya digunakan untuk menguji akurasi metode. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa SARIMAX (21,2,0) (1,0,0,12) adalah model terbaik yang ditemukan dalam percobaan dan yang memberikan RMSE terkecil. Kata kunci: prediksi; penjualan ikan lele; pola musiman; SARIMA Abstract. An information system that automates a business process, especially with specific requirement is still relevant these days. Clarias Makmur, a micro cooperation in Indonesia that breeds and sells catfish uses such an information system to carry out their sales, expenses, capital and reporting. The sales of catfish as a living creature have their own characteristics showing the unique seasonal pattern. A model named SARIMA (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) is then proposed to predict the sales. Furthermore the system called SITRAN is made to be online for the cooperation to operate flexibly. There are 400 sales data used for the method to model and predict, while another 100 are used to test the method accuracy. The result shows that SARIMAX(21,2,0)(1,0,0,12) is the best model found in the experiment giving the smallest RMSE. Keywords: prediction; catfish sales; seasonal pattern; SARIMA

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McKeith, Ian, and John O'Brien. "Dementia with Lewy Bodies." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 6 (December 1999): 800–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00650.x.

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Objective: The aim of this paper is to summarise recent clinical and research findings with regard to dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). Method: A literature review (Medline) was carried out, as well as a review of reports of recent DLB symposia of international meetings and of other relevant papers and data known to the authors. Results: Dementia with Lewy bodies, as the disorder should be known, is the second commonest form of degenerative dementia, accounting for up to 20% cases in the elderly. It is characterised by fluctuating cognitive impairment, spontaneous parkinsonism and recurrent visual hallucinations. Consensus clinical and neuro-pathological criteria have been published. The clinical criteria have been shown to have high specificity, but may still lack sensitivity. Recognition of DLB is clinically important in view of the high incidence (60%) of adverse and life-threatening reaction to antipsychotics, the difference in prognosis and, possibly, the differential treatment response to cholinergic therapy. Neuroimaging changes have not been well described in DLB but some show promise as potential markers to differentiate DLB from AD. These include relative preservation of temporal lobe structures on magnetic resonance imaging and loss of pre- and postsynaptic dopaminergic markers on single photon emission tomography. Conclusions: Dementia with Lewy bodies is a common cause of cognitive impairment in late life which appears to be clinically and neuropathologically distinct from AD. All clinicians should be aware of the typical triad of clinical features (fluctuating cognitive impairment, visual hallucinations and parkinsonism) which characterise the disorder and either avoid antipsychotics or prescribe them with extreme caution in such patients. Further research is likely to result in advances in diagnostic methods and therapeutics in the near future.

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Elinur, Elinur, and Heriyanto Heriyanto. "Model fungsi produksi ikan lele di Kota Pekanbaru Provinsi Riau." SOROT 14, no. 2 (October 30, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/sorot.14.2.31-40.

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor dominan yang menentukan produksi ikan lele dan skala pengembalian hasil ikan lele di Kota Pekanbaru. Metode penambilan sampel secara simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 98 peternak ikan lele. Sampel diambil dari 5 kecamatan, yaitu Tenayan Raya, Tampan, Bukitraya, dan Rumbai Pesisir. Analisis data menggunakan pendekatan regresi non linear dengan fungsi produksi Cobb Douglas. Metode estimasi menggunakan metode Ordinary Least Square. Hasil peneltian menunjukkan bahwa faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi produksi ikan lele Pekanbaru adalah tenaga kerja, luas kolam, benih dan pakan pada taraf kepercayaan 5 persen. Skala pengembalian hasil usaha ikan lele tergolong dalam Increasing Return to Scale. Hal ini berarti perubahan input (tenaga kerja, luas kolam, benih dan pakan) secara bersama-sama memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap perubahan produksi. Dengan demikian input tersebut sangat diperlukan dalam peningkatan produksi ikan lele. This research analyzed the determinant of catfish production and return to scle of catfish in Pekanbaru. Sampling method used simple random sampling and amount of sample are 98 catfs farmers.Samples were taken from 5 districts, namely Tenayan Raya, Tampan, Bukitraya, dan Rumbai Pesisir. Method of data analysis used multiple non linear regression white Cobb Douglas production function. The estmation method used Ordinary Least Square. The research results showed that labor, pond area, catfish seed and feeding at a level of significant 5 percent. Return to Scale of catfish farmng was Increasing Return to Scale. It is means that changes in input (labor, pond area, catfish seed and feedng) had a large influence on changes of catfish production. Thus, these input are needed to increase catfish production.

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Cheng, Liang Liang. "The Finite Element and Experimental Analysis of the Natural Frequency of the Cantilever Sheet and Model Verification Based on Levy Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 344 (July 2013): 132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.344.132.

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The natural frequency is the inherent characteristics of the objects which would be reflected during the vibration. Firstly, obtained the calculation results of the natural frequency of the cantilever sheet, and then obtained cantilever sheet experimental values through experiments based on hammering method . According to real data and imaginary data of the experimental frequency response curve , used levy method in order to fit the natural frequency. The results show little difference among finite element values, experimental values and the values based on levy method.

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Malytska, G. P., and I. V. Burtnyak. "Construction of the fundamental solution of a class of degenerate parabolic equations of high order." Carpathian Mathematical Publications 12, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/cmp.12.1.79-87.

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In the article, using the modified Levy method, a Green's function for a class of ultraparabolic equations of high order with an arbitrary number of parabolic degeneration groups is constructed. The modified Levy method is developed for high-order Kolmogorov equations with coefficients depending on all variables, while the frozen point, which is a parametrix, is chosen so that an exponential estimate of the fundamental solution and its derivatives is conveniently used.

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Pesulima, Yosias Marthen, Pieter Kunu, and Adelina Siregar. "Analisis Bahan Pencemar Dominan Di Muara Way Tomu Dan Muara Way Lela Wilayah Pesisir Kota Ambon." JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/jbdp.2018.14.2.55.

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The aims of this research are to find the dominant pollutants in estuarine of Way Tomu and Way Lela, determine the water quality in the estuary Way Tomu and Way Lela, and comparing the effects of the density of settlement on water quality of estuary Way Tomu and Way Lela. The research was conducted in October until November 2015. The method used was survey method with variables the physical parameters (Total Dissolved Solid, Total Suspended Solid, temperature), chemicals parameter (detergents, nitrate, nitrite, pH, BOD, COD, DO, amonia, phosphate, iron, oil and fat, manganese, coopper) and biology parameter (E. coli) class II. The result showed that the dominant chemicals parameter and affect water quality in the Way Tomu is Detergent (746 mg/L), while for the Way Lela estuary are detergent (835 mg/L), phosphate (0,4631 mg/L), and dissolved oxygen (3,2 mg/L), and biological parameters i.e., E. coli. These values have exceeded the value of the quality standard of the water quality is appropriate Government Regulation Number 82 the Year 2001 about Water Quality Management and Control of Water Pollution Classes II. It is thought to be due to the behavior of the people who live the area of the riverbanks of Way Lela and Way Tomu that their household trash into the river. For that is a need for the attention of the Government and local communities to improve the quality of the river water in the Way Tomu and Way Lela with improving the environment-friendly behavior. Keywords: pollutants, pollution estuary, way Tomu, way Lela ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan polutan yang dominan di muara Way Tomu dan Way Lela; menentukan kualitas air di muara Way Tomu dan Way Lela; serta membandingkan efek dari kepadatan pemukiman terhadap kualitas air muara Way Tomu dan Way Lela. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Oktober sampai November 2015. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei dengan variabel penelitian berupa parameter fisik (Total Dissolved Solid, Total Suspended Solid, suhu), parameter kimia (deterjen, nitrat, nitrit, pH, BOD, COD, DO, amonia, fosfat, besi, minyak, dan lemak, mangan, tembaga) dan parameter biologi (E. coli) kelas II. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa parameter kimia yang dominan dan mempengaruhi kualitas air di muara Way Tomu adalah Deterjen (746 mg/L) sedangkan untuk muara Way Lela adalah Deterjen (835 mg/L), Fosfat (0,4631 mg/L), dan Oksigen terlarut (3,2 mg/L), serta parameter biologi yaitu E. coli. Nilai-nilai ini telah melampaui nilai baku mutu kualitas air Sesuai Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air Kelas II. Hal ini diduga sebagai akibat perilaku masyarakat yang tinggal di daerah bantaran Way Tomu dan Way Lela yang membuang limbah rumah tangga ke sungai. Untuk itu perlu adanya perhatian pemerintah dan masyarakat setempat untuk memperbaiki kualitas air sungai di Way Tomu dan Way Lela dengan meningkatkan perilaku ramah lingkungan. Kata Kunci: bahan pencemar, pencemaran muara sungai, way Tomu, way Lela

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Léveillé Gauvin, Hubert. "Changing Use of Seventh Chords: A Replication of Mauch et al. (2015)." Empirical Musicology Review 11, no. 1 (July 8, 2016): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18061/emr.v11i1.4949.

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Mauch, MacCallum, Levy, and Leroi (2015) carried out a large-scale study of changes in American popular music between 1960 and 2010. Using signal processing methods, they found evidence suggesting a decreasing use of the dominant seventh chord and increasing use of the minor-minor seventh chord. While signal analysis methods have improved substantially in recent years, the accuracy of signal-based analysis remains imperfect. Using a contrasting method and independent musical sample, this paper reports converging evidence replicating these findings.

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Lee, Jun Hui, and Kook Hyun Chang. "Volatility Smile Surface for Levy Option Pricing Model." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 12, no. 1 (May 30, 2004): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-01-2004-b0004.

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This paper discusses theoretical extensions of the implied volatility method of Dupire (1994) when the stock prices follow the Geometric Levy process. For the extensions of Kolmogorov forward equation for Levy process, this paper uses adjoint operator in L² spaces. This paper obtains similar results of Dupire (1994) and Andersen and Andreasan (2001). However, our results can be applied to more general semi-martingale processes such as well-known VG (Variance Gamma) model and NIG (Normal Inverse Gaussian) model with diffusion processes. This paper also applies the approach to the case of stochastic time changed Levy process, which generates the stochastic volatility models.

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Li, Zhi, Qian Cui, Hongmei Wu, Wenrong Zeng, Zebin Xiao, Chunxiang Chen, Haiwei Du, and Min Li. "The comprehensive genomic profiling and PD-L1 expression of primary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the stomach." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e16279-e16279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e16279.

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e16279 Background: Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (LELC) of the stomach is a rare histological type of gastric cancer (GC) with an incidence of 1-4% all GCs, characterized by Epstein-Barr virus infection (EBV+). There is no established agent for patients with LELC of the stomach due to the lack of the genomic data. In this work, we performed the comprehensive genomic profiling and PD-L1 expression of primary LELC of the stomach to investigate the molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis. Methods: Capture-based targeted sequencing was performed on tumor tissue samples collected from 20 patients with LELC of the stomach and 8 patients with LELC of the parotid gland using a panel consisting of 520 cancer-related genes. Tumor tissues were stained by immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and CD8. PD-L1 expression level was determined by combined positive score (CPS). Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was calculated as a ratio of the total nonsynonymous mutations per total coding region of the panel, excluding copy number variations and fusions. Results: Total of 217 somatic mutations in 127 genes were identified from 18 patients with LELC of the stomach. The most frequently mutated genes included PIK3CA, ARID1A, SMAD4 and KMT2D, occurring in 65% (13/20), 55% (11/20), 30% (6/20), and 25% (5/20) of patients with LELC of the stomach. For LELC of the parotid gland, 13 somatic mutations in 8 genes were identified from 7 patients. All patients with LELC of the stomach/parotid gland were EBV positive and microsatellite-stable. Patients with LELC of the stomach had a significantly higher mutation frequency in PIK3CA (65% vs. 0%, p < 0.01) and ARID1A (55% vs. 0%, p < 0.01) than patients with LELC of the parotid gland. Patients with LELC of the stomach also had a significantly higher mutation frequency in mTOR (70 vs. 0%, p < 0.001) and VEGF signaling pathway (70% vs. 0%, p < 0.001) than patients with LELC of the parotid gland. Compared to LELC of the parotid gland, LELC of the stomach showed a significantly increased TMB (5.0 vs. 1.0 muts/Mb, p < 0.001) and a decreased CPS (47.5 vs. 100.0, p < 0.01). Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cell densities in LELC of the stomach and LELC of the parotid gland were comparable. Next, we compared mutational profiling of LELC of the stomach from our cohort to mutational landscape of EBV+ gastric adenocarcinoma obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Patients with LELC of the stomach had a significantly higher mutation frequency in PIK3CA than patients with EBV+ gastric adenocarcinoma (65% vs. 0%, p < 0.001). The mutation frequencies of ARID1A, SMAD4 and KMT2D between patients with LELC of the stomach and EBV+ gastric adenocarcinoma were comparable. Conclusions: This study is the first to elucidate the comprehensive genomic profiling of LELC of the stomach in the Chinese population. Our work demonstrated that genomic landscape of LELC of the stomach is distinctive to LELC of the parotid gland and EBV+ gastric adenocarcinoma.

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