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1

Watzatka, Ágnes. "Puszta, Husaren und Zigeunermusik — Franz Liszt und das Heimatbild von Nikolaus Lenau." Studia Musicologica 55, no. 1-2 (2014): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2014.55.1-2.7.

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Foreign travellers provided important documentations about Hungary. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the image of the heroic Christian country fighting the pagan Turks took shape. This image was strengthened through the Hussars who distinguished themselves in the battles of Maria Theresia and played an important role in the war of independence in 1848–1849. The Great Hungarian Plain, a sandy steppe, appeared to the travellers as an exotic place with its sand dunes, sand storms, fata morgana, and its inhabitants: shepherds, hussars, and bandits. In the 19th century, Hungary became a beloved topic of the Western European exotic literature. Through his poetry Nikolaus Lenau brought a high contribution to the image of the exotic Hungary. Born in Hungary and a good violinist, Lenau drew a vivid image of the Gipsy musicians and their music. His poem Die drei Zigeuner (The Three Gipsies) was inspired by a painting of Ferenc Pongrácz, and did inspire another painter, Alois Schönn. Liszt purchased the copy of Schönn’s painting and composed a song on Lenau’s poem. His music proves a deep identification with Lenau’s ideas, with the romantic and yet realistic image of the Gipsies, the representatives of the Hungarian music.
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2

Weiss, Walter. "Ungarn (und die Ungarn) bei Grillparzer, Lenau, Stifter und Musil." Neohelicon 23, no. 1 (1996): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02437004.

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3

Lutzeler, Paul Michael, and Hartmut Steinecke. "Von Lenau bis Broch. Studien zur osterreichischen Literatur: von auben betrachtet." German Quarterly 76, no. 2 (2003): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3252193.

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4

Ahn, Soo Hwan, and Moo Kyoung Song. "Eroticism and Diabolism Reflected on Mephisto Waltz : Lenau, Liszt, and Goldsmith." Journal of the Musicological Society of Korea 20, no. 2 (2017): 127–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.16939/jmsk.2017.20.2.127.

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5

Mádl, Antal. "Hansgeorg Schmidt-Bergmann, Ästhetismus und Negativität. Studien zum Werk Nikolaus Lenaus. Nikolaus Lenau, Gedichte. Hg. und eingeleitet von Hansgeorg Schmidt-Bergmann." Arbitrium 8, no. 2 (1990): 214–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/arbi.1990.8.2.214.

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6

Palmer, Peter. "SOME MUSICAL ECHOES OF LENAU: AN ARTICLE IN HONOUR OF OTHMAR SCHOECK." German Life and Letters 40, no. 4 (1987): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0483.1987.tb00909.x.

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7

Sambunjak, Zaneta. "Die Ballade und die Zensur im Illyrismus und im Biedermeier." Croatica et Slavica Iadertina, no. 1 (January 18, 2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/csi.303.

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Bidermajer i ilirizam književni su pravci nastali u prilikama koje je stvorila cenzura i apsolutistička redarstvena vlast uopće. Polazeći od te činjenice u nekim smo djelima ilirizma i bidermajera ustanovili postojanje usporedivih elemenata. Međutim, vrhunac povezanosti ovih dviju književnosti pokazao se u teško prepoznatljivoj kritici tadanje vlasti i cenzure koja se skrivala u antologijskim pjesmama iz obiju književnosti. Dapače, najbolji pjesnik bidermajera, Nikolaus Lenau, u baladi "Die Drei" progovara alegorijski istodobno i o Slavenima i o cenzuri. U tome ga slijede Stanko Vraz i Ljudevit Vukotinović svojim antologijskim baladama.
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8

Paul, Claude. "Au diable le nihilisme ! Lenau, Méphistophélès et le dépassement du “mal du siècle”." Cahiers d’études germaniques 63, no. 63 (2012): 285–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ceg.10587.

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9

Banoun, Bernard. "« Das Land der Sehnsucht ist die Erde nur ». Le Faust de Philippe Fénelon d’après Lenau (2007)." Cahiers d’études germaniques 65, no. 65 (2013): 173–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/ceg.6379.

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10

Papp, Júlia. "The reception of the allegorical poem the three gypsies by Nikolaus Lenau in the fine arts during the nineteenth century." Acta Historiae Artium 59, no. 1 (2018): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/170.2018.59.1.8.

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11

Moysan, Bruno. "Liszt, lecteur antimoderne de Faust." Studia Musicologica 55, no. 1-2 (2014): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/6.2014.55.1-2.5.

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The article offers a definition of the concept of anti-modernity, based at first on Antoine Compagnon’s 2005-volume Les antimodernes, de Joseph de Maistre à Roland Barthes. The role of the mundane sociability of the aristocracy, returned from emigration, and of the aesthetic culture of political legitimism is examined in the acclimatization process of German Romanticism in France during the Empire, the Restoration, and the first years of the July Monarchy. A hypothesis is proposed about the connections between Liszt’s interpretation of the Faust myth as it is exposed in the poems of Goethe and Lenau, on the one hand, and the political, aesthetical, and ideological resistance of French artists from the first half of the 19th century, directed against modernity, liberal individualism, the upheavals of the 1789 Revolution, and the rationalist constructivism of the Enlightenment, on the other. A survey of the aesthetics of negativity and its musical implications in Liszt’s compositions inspired by Faust reveals that the composer distanced himself from the “naive modernism” (Compagnon) of many of his contemporaries and came close to the flamboyant aesthetic of Chateaubriand’s Christian Vanity as well as to the scepticism, related in our post-modernist era with the idea of progress and of the completed work. Thus, Liszt’s relationship to the myth and the character of Faust becomes much more complex and ambiguous than it usually appears in the French literature, where Liszt’s view on the Faustian freedom is associated systematically and rather simplistically with the modern and liberal process of the individual’s emancipation.
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12

Ed Roberson. "Lenas." Callaloo 33, no. 3 (2010): 777–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cal.2010.0013.

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13

Silverthorn, Alma. "Lena." Psychotherapy Patient 2, no. 4 (1986): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j358v02n04_08.

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14

Sabiani, Annie. "LENA." Revue Francophone d'Orthoptie 7, no. 1 (2014): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rfo.2014.02.003.

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15

Eismann, Michael T. "Farewell, Lena." Optical Engineering 57, no. 12 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.57.12.120101.

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16

Winakur, Jerald. "Remembering Lena." Caring for the Ages 22, no. 3 (2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carage.2021.01.022.

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17

Orena, Adriel John, Krista Byers-Heinlein, and Linda Polka. "Reliability of the Language Environment Analysis Recording System in Analyzing French–English Bilingual Speech." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 7 (2019): 2491–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-l-18-0342.

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Purpose This study examined the utility of the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) recording system for investigating the language input to bilingual infants. Method Twenty-one French–English bilingual families with a 10-month-old infant participated in this study. Using the LENA recording system, each family contributed 3 full days of recordings within a 1-month period. A portion of these recordings (945 minutes) were manually transcribed, and the word counts from these transcriptions were compared against the LENA-generated adult word counts. Results Data analyses reveal that the LENA algorithms were reliable in counting words in both Canadian English and Canadian French, even when both languages are present in the same recording. While the LENA system tended to underestimate the amount of speech in the recordings, there was a strong correlation between the LENA-generated and human-transcribed adult word counts for each language. Importantly, this relationship holds when accounting for different-gendered and different-accented speech. Conclusions The LENA recording system is a reliable tool for estimating word counts, even for bilingual input. Special considerations and limitations for using the LENA recording system in a bilingual population are discussed. These results open up possibilities for investigating caregiver talk to bilingual infants in more detail.
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18

Gilkerson, Jill, Yiwen Zhang, Dongxin Xu, et al. "Evaluating Language Environment Analysis System Performance for Chinese: A Pilot Study in Shanghai." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 58, no. 2 (2015): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2015_jslhr-l-14-0014.

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Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate performance of the Language Environment Analysis (LENA) automated language-analysis system for the Chinese Shanghai dialect and Mandarin (SDM) languages. Method Volunteer parents of 22 children aged 3–23 months were recruited in Shanghai. Families provided daylong in-home audio recordings using LENA. A native speaker listened to 15 min of randomly selected audio samples per family to label speaker regions and provide Chinese character and SDM word counts for adult speakers. LENA segment labeling and counts were compared with rater-based values. Results LENA demonstrated good sensitivity in identifying adult and child; this sensitivity was comparable to that of American English validation samples. Precision was strong for adults but less so for children. LENA adult word count correlated strongly with both Chinese characters and SDM word counts. LENA conversational turn counts correlated similarly with rater-based counts after the exclusion of three unusual samples. Performance related to some degree to child age. Conclusions LENA adult word count and conversational turn provided reasonably accurate estimates for SDM over the age range tested. Theoretical and practical considerations regarding LENA performance in non-English languages are discussed. Despite the pilot nature and other limitations of the study, results are promising for broader cross-linguistic applications.
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19

Verma, Ashutosh, Catherine A. Brissette, Amy A. Bowman, Samir T. Shah, Peter F. Zipfel, and Brian Stevenson. "Leptospiral Endostatin-Like Protein A Is a Bacterial Cell Surface Receptor for Human Plasminogen." Infection and Immunity 78, no. 5 (2010): 2053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01282-09.

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ABSTRACT The spirochete Leptospira interrogans is a highly invasive pathogen of worldwide public health importance. Studies from our laboratories and another have demonstrated that L. interrogans can acquire host plasminogen on its surface. Exogenous plasminogen activators can then convert bound plasminogen into the functionally active protease plasmin. In this study, we extend upon those observations and report that leptospiral endostatin-like protein A (LenA) binds human plasminogen in a dose-dependent manner. LenA-plasminogen interactions were significantly inhibited by the lysine analog ξ-aminocaproic acid, suggesting that the lysine-binding sites on the amino-terminal kringle portion of the plasminogen molecule play a role in the binding. Previous studies have shown that LenA also binds complement regulator factor H and the extracellular matrix component laminin. Plasminogen competed with both factor H and laminin for binding to LenA, which suggests overlapping ligand-binding sites on the bacterial receptor. Finally, LenA-bound plasminogen could be converted to plasmin, which in turn degraded fibrinogen, suggesting that acquisition of host-derived plasmin by LenA may aid bacterial dissemination throughout host tissues.
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20

Jin, Fengyan, Shuang Li, Lijuan Chen, et al. "Clarithromycin Interacts with Lenalidomide in the Combination Regimen Bird and Overcomes Drug Resistance in Multiple Myeloma." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 2125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2125.2125.

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Abstract Introduction:Although the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin (CAM, or Biaxin) has only minimal single agent activity in MM, the regimens with addition of CAM to IMiDs and steroids, including BLT-D (Biaxin/low-dose thalidomide/dexamethasone [Dex]), BiRD (Biaxin/Revlimid [lenalidomide, Lena]/Dex), t-BiRD (thalidomide/BiRD), Car-BiRD (carfilzomib/BiRD), and ClaPD (CAM/pomalidomide/Dex), appear highly effective in treatment of newly-diagnosed and probably relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM). In this context, two phase 3 trials are currently ongoing to evaluate the efficacy of BiRD vs. RD in newly-diagnosed MM in the United States and Europe, respectively. Of note, recent findings also suggests that addition of CAM to RD might overcome resistance to RD. However, despite increasing clinical evidence for its promising activity, the exact mechanism for such a combination strategy still remain largely unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of action underlying the interaction between CAM and Lena and their capability to overcome drug resistance in MM cells, focusing on the cereblon (CRBN)/IKZF1,3/IRF4/Myc signaling cascade, recently identified as the novel target of IMiDs, Materials and Methods: To test our hypothesis whether and how BiRD overcomes resistance to RD (Lena/Dex), human MM cells lines employed in this study included Dex-sensitive (MM.1S) vs -resistant (MM.1R) cells, drug-naïve RPMI8226 cells vs their Lena-resistant (R10R) or bortezomib (Btz)-resistant counterparts (DR), as well as primary CD138+MM cells isolated from bone marrow samples of newly-diagnosed and relapsed/refractory patients who had received prior IMiDs (including Lena) or Btz. Cells were exposed (72 hr) to CAM (50-100 mg/ml) ± Lena (1-10 mM), after which the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry with annexin V/7AAD staining were performed to monitor cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Mechanistic studies included Western blot analyses of the CRBN/IKZF1,3/IRF4/Myc signaling pathway, as well as the apoptotic caspase cascade. Cell cycle was also assessed by flow cytometry. Results: Whereas Lena (1-10 mM) had almost no direct effects on cell viability, CAM (≥ 100 mg/ml) displayed a dose-dependent toxicity in various MM cell lines. Notably, subtoxic concentrations of CAM (e.g., 50 mg/ml) significantly potentiated lethality of Lena in MM.1S (CI value = 0.40-0.86, indicating synergism). Significantly, this effect was even more robust in Dex-resistant MM.1R cells. These events were associated with marked activation of caspase 3, 8, and 9 and PARP cleavage, accompanied by down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. While add-on of CAM significantly increased lethality of Lena in RPMI8226 cells, combined treatment was strikingly more effective against Lena-resistant R10R cells. In addition, Btz-resistant RPMI8226 cells were also more sensitive to both CAM alone and in combination with Lena, compared to parental RPMI8226 cells. Consistently, markedly enhanced cell killing by the combination was also observed in primary CD138+ cells, particularly those obtained from patients relapsed after prior IMiDs. Exposure to Lena with or without CAM sharply down-regulated CRBN in MM cells, accompanied by reduced expression of IKZF1, IKZF3, IRF4, and Myc. Interestingly, Lena failed to down-regulate CRBN/IKZF1/IRF4/Myc in Lena-resistant R10R cells, while addition of CAM dramatically resensitized these cells to the action of Lena. Moreover, Lena in the presence or absence of CAM induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1, in association with marked up-regulation of p21Cip1 and p27Kip1. Last, Lena induced LC3A-II expression (a marker of autophagy), which was clearly increased in the presence of CAM, likely in association with the capability of CAM to impair the late stage process of autophagy e.g., autophagosome clearance by lysosome. Conclusion: Together, these findings indicate that CAM significantly increases the anti-MM activity of Lena in MM cells, especially those resistant to the first-line therapy (e.g., Dex and Btz), and notably overcomes Lena resistance. The mechanisms involves disruption of the CRBN/IKZF1/IRF4/Myc pathway, as well as activation of the apoptotic caspase cascade, induction of cell cycle arrest, and attenuation of autophagy. Collectively, these mechanistic findings support exploring the BiRD regimen in MM, particularly to overcome RD resistance. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Severo, Ohanna Teixeira Barchi. "An experimental study on the interpretation of bare singulars in Mexican Spanish / Um estudo experimental sobre a interpretação de singulares nus no espanhol mexicano." REVISTA DE ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM 27, no. 2 (2019): 575. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2237-2083.27.2.575-601.

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Abstract: This paper explores the interpretation of bare singulars (count nouns that are not preceded by determiners) as coche (“car”) in María compró coche ayer (“Mary bought (a/some) car(s) yesterday”) in Mexican Spanish. A quantity judgment task was performed with 134 L1 Mexican speakers and they had to choose one between two scenarios where different quantities of the tested noun were shown. In this task, while presenting two different characters, one that has two big portions of x (Volume) and another that has six different portions of x (Number), it is presented a comparative sentence (Marcelo tiene más X que Lena (“Marcelo has more X than Lena”)) and asked whether the sentence was true or false given the context. The results show that a Number interpretation was preferred for bare singulars (Marcelo tiene más bici que Lena (“Marcelo has more bike than Lena”)) and a Volume interpretation was preferred for substance mass nouns (Marcelo tiene más agua que Lena (“Marcelo has more water than Lena”)). That is, the absence of the plural morpheme (mass syntax) does not trigger a mass interpretation of bare singulars; bare singulars are interpreted as pluralized count nouns even when they are not pluralized.Keywords: Mexican Spanish; bare singulars; count/mass distinction; quantity judgment task.Resumo: Esse trabalho explora a interpretação de singulares nus (nomes contáveis que não são precedidos de determinantes) como coche (“carro”) em María compró coche ayer (“Maria comprou (um/alguns) carro(s) ontem”) no Espanhol Mexicano. Um julgamento de quantidade foi feito com 134 falantes mexicanos L1 e eles tiveram que escolher um entre dois cenários em que diferentes quantidades do nome testado eram mostradas. Nessa tarefa, enquanto duas personagens diferentes foram apresentadas, uma que possuía duas porções grandes de x (Volume) e outra que possuía seis diferentes porções de x (Número), é apresentada uma sentença comparativa (Marcelo tiene más X que Lena (“Marcelo tem mais X que Lena”)) e perguntado se a sentença é verdadeira ou falsa, dado o contexto. Os resultados mostram que a interpretação de Número foi a preferida para singulares nus (Marcelo tiene más bici que Lena (“Marcelo tem mais bicicleta que Lena”)) e a interpretação de Volume foi a preferida para nomes massivos de substância (Marcelo tiene más água que Lena (“Marcelo tem mais água que Lena”)). Isto é, a ausência de morfema de plural (sintaxe massiva) não desencadeia uma interpretação massiva de singulares nus; singulares nus são interpretados como nomes contáveis pluralizados mesmo que eles não estejam pluralizados.Palavras-chave: Espanhol Mexicano; singulares nus; distinção contável/massiva; tarefa de julgamento de quantidade.
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22

Vogel, Shane. "Lena Horne's Impersona." Camera Obscura: Feminism, Culture, and Media Studies 23, no. 1 (2008): 11–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/02705346-2007-022.

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23

Ganek, Hillary V., and Alice Eriks-Brophy. "A Concise Protocol for the Validation of Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) Conversational Turn Counts in Vietnamese." Communication Disorders Quarterly 39, no. 2 (2017): 371–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525740117705094.

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The aim of this study was to present a protocol for the validation of the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) System’s conversational turn count (CTC) for Vietnamese speakers. Ten families of children aged between 22 and 42 months, recruited near Ho Chi Minh City, participated in this project. Each child wore the LENA audio recorder for a full day. Two native speakers listened to 10-min extracts of the recordings from each family and labeled conversational turns according to the coding protocol. Their results were compared with the findings from the LENA software. A Spearman rank correlation test indicated a strong level of correlation between the LENA software and the human coders, rs(18) = .70, p < .001. The LENA System’s CTC provides a reasonably accurate estimate of conversational turns in Vietnamese recordings, showing that this protocol can yield significant results. Discrepancies between the coders and the software are discussed, and the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed protocol are highlighted.
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24

Semiletov, I. P., I. I. Pipko, N. E. Shakhova, et al. "Carbon transport by the Lena River from its headwaters to the Arctic Ocean, with emphasis on fluvial input of terrestrial particulate organic carbon vs. carbon transport by coastal erosion." Biogeosciences 8, no. 9 (2011): 2407–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-2407-2011.

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Abstract. The Lena River integrates biogeochemical signals from its vast drainage basin, and the integrated signal reaches far out over the Arctic Ocean. Transformation of riverine organic carbon (OC) into mineral carbon, and mineral carbon into the organic form in the Lena River watershed, can be considered to be quasi-steady-state processes. An increase in Lena discharge exerts opposite effects on total organic (TOC) and total inorganic (TCO2) carbon: TOC concentration increases, while TCO2 concentration decreases. Significant inter-annual variability in mean values of TCO2, TOC, and their sum (total carbon, TC) has been found. This variability is determined by changes in land hydrology which cause differences in the Lena River discharge. There is a negative correlation in the Lena River between TC in September and its mean discharge in August; a time shift of about one month is required for water to travel from Yakutsk to the Laptev Sea. Total carbon entering the sea with the Lena discharge is estimated to be almost 10 Tg C yr−1. The annual Lena River discharge of particulate organic carbon (POC) can be as high as 0.38 Tg (moderate to high estimate). If we instead accept Lisytsin's (1994) statement that 85–95 % of total particulate matter (PM) (and POC) precipitates on the marginal "filter", then only about 0.03–0.04 Tg of Lena River POC reaches the Laptev Sea. The Lena's POC export would then be two orders of magnitude less than the annual input of eroded terrestrial carbon onto the shelf of the Laptev and East Siberian seas, which is estimated to be about 4 Tg. Observations support the hypothesis of a dominant role for coastal erosion (Semiletov, 1999a, b) in East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) sedimentation and the dynamics of the carbon/carbonate system. The Lena River is characterized by relatively high concentrations of the primary greenhouse gases, dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). During all seasons the river is supersaturated in CO2 compared to the atmosphere, by up to 1.5–2 fold in summer, and 4–5 fold in winter. This results in a significant CO2 supersaturation in the adjacent coastal sea. Localized areas of dissolved CH4 along the Lena River and in the Lena delta channels may reach 100 nM, but the CH4 concentration decreases to 5–20 nM towards the sea, which suggests that riverborne export of CH4 plays but a minor role in determining the ESAS CH4 budget in coastal waters. Instead, the seabed appears to be the source that provides most of the CH4 to the Arctic Ocean.
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McDonald, Margarethe, Taeahn Kwon, Hyunji Kim, Youngki Lee, and Eon-Suk Ko. "Evaluating the Language ENvironment Analysis System for Korean." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 64, no. 3 (2021): 792–808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00489.

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Purpose The algorithm of the Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA) system for calculating language environment measures was trained on American English; thus, its validity with other languages cannot be assumed. This article evaluates the accuracy of the LENA system applied to Korean. Method We sampled sixty 5-min recording clips involving 38 key children aged 7–18 months from a larger data set. We establish the identification error rate, precision, and recall of LENA classification compared to human coders. We then examine the correlation between standard LENA measures of adult word count, child vocalization count, and conversational turn count and human counts of the same measures. Results Our identification error rate (64% or 67%), including false alarm, confusion, and misses, was similar to the rate found in Cristia, Lavechin, et al. (2020) . The correlation between LENA and human counts for adult word count ( r = .78 or .79) was similar to that found in the other studies, but the same measure for child vocalization count ( r = .34–.47) was lower than the value in Cristia, Lavechin, et al., though it fell within ranges found in other non-European languages. The correlation between LENA and human conversational turn count was not high ( r = .36–.47), similar to the findings in other studies. Conclusions LENA technology is similarly reliable for Korean language environments as it is for other non-English language environments. Factors affecting the accuracy of diarization include speakers' pitch, duration of utterances, age, and the presence of noise and electronic sounds.
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Jiménez-Julià, Sara Aida, Leyre Bento, Adriana Marcela Quintero, et al. "R-CHOP with or without Lenalidomide/Bortezomib As a First Line Treatment for Patients with Non-Germinal Center Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Subtype: Son Espases University Hospital Experience." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-119138.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION The standard first line treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone (R-CHOP) independently of cell origin subtype. Retrospective studies have shown that non-germinal center (NGC) subtype is associated with a worse progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to germinal center subtype. In phase II studies the combination of lenalidomide (lena) or bortezomib (bor) with R-CHOP in this lymphoma subtype has shown better results in comparison to R-CHOP alone. For this reason, the aim of our study is to analyze the efficacy and toxicity of R-CHOP plus lena/bor in comparison with R-CHOP alone in patients with NGC DLBCL. PATIENTS AND METHODS In order to avoid selection bias, all patients with NGC DLBCL (confirmed by immunohistochemistry with Hans algorithm) who received R-CHOP or R-CHOP-lena/bor (25mg lenalidomide daily from day 1 to 10 / bortezomib 1.3mg/m2 days 1 and 4) were retrospectively selected from the Pharmacy Registry. Patients in our center received R-CHOP from March 2002 to June 2013, R-CHOP-bor from June 2013 to July 2015 and R-CHOP-lena from November 2014 until now. Cheson and Lugano criteria were used to confirm response rates. Toxicity was checked with CTCAE v4-5 criteria. RESULTS Fifty-five patients with NGC DLBCL were identified from 2002 to 2018, 18 of whom were treated with R-CHOP-lena/bor and 33 with R-CHOP. Baseline characteristics are specified in Table 1. Overall response rate was similar in both treatment regimens, 94% versus 87%, respectively. 12.5% progression/stable disease cases were identified with R-CHOP alone compared to 5.3% with R-CHOP-lena/bor. With a median follow-up of 45 months (6-126) for R-CHOP and 22 months (6-59) for R-CHOP-lena/bor, the median PFS was 65 months for R-CHOP and was not reached for R-CHOP-lena/bor. 47% versus 9% of progressions were observed in R-CHOP and R-CHOP-lena/bor, respectively (p=0.006). Regarding OS, the death rate in the R-CHOP group was 45% in comparison with 23% in R-CHOP-lena/bor group (p=0.015). Higher hematological toxicity was observed in the R-CHOP-lena/bor group comparing with R-CHOP: neutropenia (95% versus 68%), grade 3-4 neutropenia (81% versus 37%) and anemia (81% vs 56%) (p<0.05) (Table 2) being manageable in all cases. CONCLUSIONS The addition of lenalidomide or bortezomib to R-CHOP seems to be a good option in NGC DLBCL, with a lower progression rate, refractoriness and less mortality in comparison with R-CHOP alone. R-CHOP-lena/bor is associated to higher rates of hematological toxicity but manageable in all cases. These retrospective data should be confirmed in ongoing phase III clinical trials. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kotapati, Sravanthi, Insija Ilyas Selene, Madeeha Shafqat, et al. "Efficacy and Toxicity of Lenalidomide for Treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 5488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129733.

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Background: During last decade, several therapeutic options have emerged for newly diagnosed (ND) or relapsed / refractory (RR) patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Lenalidomide (Lena) has immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic and antitumor activity. Lena is showing antitumor activity against CLL with durable responses.The main aim of our analysis is to study the published literature on the efficacy and safety of Lena based regimens in patients with ND and RR CLL. Methods: We performed the literature search (10/5/2019) using following databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Clinical trials.gov) identified a total of 4835 articles. Following PRISMA guidelines, we selected twenty articles (Phase I/II/III) with a total of 1309 patients (pts) in which eleven articles (n= 914) were about ND CLL pts and nine articles (n=396) had pts with RR CLL. CMA software v.3 was used for meta-analysis. Results: Lenalidomide based regimens in previously untreated CLL Based on the pooled analysis,(table 1)(an overall response rate (ORR) of 59.9% (95% CI: 55.4-64.2) with complete response (CR) of 17.6% (95% CI: 8.9-31.8) is observed in previously untreated CLL and ORR of 57.6% (95% CI: 50.4-64.4) with a CR of 12.9% (95% CI: 7.7-20.8) in RR CLL were calculated. Most common grade (G) ≥3 adverse events (AE's) based on regimen were calculated using pooled analysis in CLL pts and results are given intable2. Lena in single drug regimen: Three studies (n=445) evaluated the efficacy of Lena as single agent (5mg-25mg). Subgroup pooled analysis showed an ORR of 56.4% (95% CI: 51.6-61) with CR of 7.3% (95% CI: 4.4-11.3). Pooled analysis for safety profile on most common G ≥3 AE's were neutropenia 72.2% (95% CI: 45.1-89.2), thrombocytopenia (tcp) 29.7% (95% CI: 9.1-64), anemia 0.8% (95% CI: 0.1-11.1), fatigue 3% (95% CI: 1.5-5.8) and infections 5% (95% CI: 1.22-18.7). Lena in two drug regimen: One study (n=69) evaluated the efficacy of Lenaas double regimen with ofatumumab. Sub-group pooled analysis showed an ORR of 88% (95% CI: 78-93.8) with CR of 16% (95% CI: 9.1-26.6). Best response was seen when Lena was used with Ofatumumab, with reported ORR of 71%. Pooled analysis for safety profile on most common G ≥3 AE's were neutropenia 58% (95% CI: 46.1-69), anemia 10% (95% CI: 4.8-19.6), tcp 3% (95% CI: 0.8-11) and fatigue 6% (95% CI: 2.3-14.7). Lena in three drug regimen: For six studies (n=375), a pooled analysis on Lena as three drug regimen calculated an ORR of 59.2% (95% CI: 45.2-86) with CR of 24.1% (95% CI: 18.5-30.7). Pooled analysis for safety profile on most common G ≥3 AE's were neutropenia 55% (95% CI: 28.4-79.1), tcp 17.6% (95% CI: 6.1-41.3), anemia 13.9% (95% CI: 4.2-37.5), fatigue 29.1% (95% CI: 0.8-95.6) and infection 10.4% (95% CI: 5.6-18.5). Lena in four drug combination regimen: One study (n=25) evaluated Lena in quadruple regimen (Lena, rituximab, cyclophosphamide and fludarbine) with ORR of 98.1% (95% CI: 75.6-99.9) with CR 75% (95% CI: 54.8-88.1). Pooled analysis for common AE's were neutropenia of 51.6% (95% CI: 37.7-70), tcp of 1.6% (95% CI: 0.1-27), anemia of 1.6% (95% CI: 0-27) and infections of 3% (95% CI: 0.3-23.5) Lena based regimens in Relapsed or Refractory (RR) CLL Nine studies ( n=396)(table 1) evaluated the efficacy of Lena in RR CLL and have given promising results in these pts. Three studies (n=209) evaluated the efficacy of Lena as single agent, pooled analysis (95% CI) on Lena as mono measured an ORR of 32.7% (95% CI: 15.1-57)(fig. 1) with CR of 8.8% (95% CI: 3.1-22.8). Similarly subgroup pooled analysis for double regimen which includes four studies (n=139) measured ORR of 63.2% (95% CI: 54.4- 71.3) with CR of 14% (95% CI: 5.7-30.4). Two studies (n=56) evaluated Lena as triple regimen, an ORR of 52.5% (95% CI: 39.5-65.2) with CR of 21% (95% CI: 10.4-37.8) was calculated. Pooled analysis (95% CI) common G ≥3 AE's are neutropenia 69.9% (62.8-76.2), tcp 26.5% (18.4-36.5), anemia 9.4% (6.4-13.5), infections 29.4% (10.7-59) and fatigue 14.6% (6.2-30.6)(table 2) Conclusion: Lenalidomide is highly efficacious when used for treatment of previously untreated or RR CLL. Regimen efficacy is greater in untreated CLL compared to RR CLL. Four drug Lena based combination regimen showed the best result with an ORR of 98.1% (95%CI: 75.6-99.9). Large prospective studies are required to evaluate efficacy and safety of Lena in newer combination regimens. Disclosures Anwer: In-Cyte: Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.
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Bussmann, I. "Distribution of methane in the Lena Delta and Buor Khaya Bay, Russia." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 11 (2012): 16213–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-16213-2012.

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Abstract. The Lena River is one of the largest Russian rivers draining into the Laptev Sea. The permafrost areas surrounding the Lena are predicted to melt at increasing rates due to global temperature increases. With this melting, large amounts of carbon – either organic or as methane – will reach the waters of the Lena and the adjacent Buor Khaya Bay (Laptev Sea). Methane concentrations and the isotopic signal of methane in the waters of the Lena Delta and estuary were monitored from 2008 to 2010. Meltwater run-off of permafrost soils produced hotspots for methane input into the river system (median concentration 1500 nM) compared with concentrations of around 100 nM observed in the main channels of the Lena. Within the river, especially at sites with meltwater input, microbiological experiments indicated strong in situ methane production but a very low methane oxidation potential. In the estuary of Buor Khaya Bay, methane concentrations decreased towards background levels of 20 nM. Here, the strong stratification of the water column permits the dilution of methane with seawater, and methane is released mainly by diffusion into the atmosphere.
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29

Morenilla Talens, Carmen. "De lenae in comoedia figura." Helmántica 45, no. 136 (1994): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.36576/summa.3401.

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Semiletov, I. P., I. I. Pipko, N. E. Shakhova, et al. "On the biogeochemical signature of the Lena River from its headwaters to the Arctic Ocean." Biogeosciences Discussions 8, no. 2 (2011): 2093–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-2093-2011.

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Abstract. The Lena River integrates biogeochemical signals from its vast drainage basin and its signal reaches far out over the Arctic Ocean. Transformation of riverine organic carbon into mineral carbon, and mineral carbon into the organic form in the Lena River watershed, can be considered a quasi-equilibrated processes. Increasing the Lena discharge causes opposite effects on total organic (TOC) and inorganic (TCO2) carbon: TOC concentration increases, while TCO2 concentration decreases. Significant inter-annual variability in mean values of TCO2, TOC, and their sum (TC) has been found. This variability is determined by changes in land hydrology which cause differences in the Lena River discharge, because a negative correlation may be found between TC in September and mean discharge in August (a time shift of about one month is required for water to travel from Yakutsk to the Laptev Sea). Total carbon entering the sea with the Lena discharge is estimated to be almost 10 Tg C y−1. The annual Lena River discharge of particulate organic carbon (POC) may be equal to 0.38 Tg (moderate to high estimate). If we instead accept Lisytsin's (1994) statement concerning the precipitation of 85–95% of total particulate matter (PM) (and POC) on the marginal "filter", then only about 0.03–0.04 Tg of POC reaches the Laptev Sea from the Lena River. The Lena's POC export would then be two orders of magnitude less than the annual input of eroded terrestrial carbon onto the shelf of the Laptev and East Siberian seas, which is about 4 Tg. The Lena River is characterized by relatively high concentrations of primary greenhouse gases: CO2 and dissolved CH4. During all seasons the river is supersaturated in CO2 compared to the atmosphere: up to 1.5–2 fold in summer, and 4–5 fold in winter. This results in a narrow zone of significant CO2 supersaturation in the adjacent coastal sea. Spots of dissolved CH4 in the Lena delta channels may reach 100 nM, but the CH4 concentration decreases to 5–20 nM towards the sea, which suggests only a minor role of riverborne export of CH4 for the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) CH4 budget in coastal waters. Instead, the seabed appears to be the source that provides most of the CH4 to the Arctic Ocean.
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Greenwood, Charles R., Alana G. Schnitz, Dwight Irvin, Shu Fe Tsai, and Judith J. Carta. "Automated Language Environment Analysis: A Research Synthesis." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 2 (2018): 853–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2017_ajslp-17-0033.

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Purpose The Language Environment Analysis (LENA ® ) represents a breakthrough in automatic speech detection because it makes one's language environment, what adults and children actually hear and say, efficiently measurable. The purpose of this article was to examine (a) current dimensions of LENA research, (b) LENA's sensitivity to differences in populations and language environments, and (c) what has been achieved in closing the Word Gap. Method From electronic and human searches, 83 peer-reviewed articles using LENA were identified, and 53 met inclusionary criteria and were included in a systematic literature review. Each article reported results of 1 study. Results Originally developed to make natural language research more efficient and feasible, systematic review identified a broad landscape of relevant LENA findings focused primarily on the environments and communications of young children but also older adults and teachers. LENA's automated speech indicators (adult input, adult–child interaction, and child production) and the audio environment were shown to meet high validity standards, including accuracy, sensitivity to individual differences, and differences in populations, settings, contexts within settings, speakers, and languages. Researchers' own analyses of LENA audio recordings have extended our knowledge of microlevel processes in adult–child interaction. To date, intervention research using LENA has consisted of small pilot experiments, primarily on the effects of brief parent education plus quantitative linguistic feedback to parents. Conclusion Evidence showed that automated analysis has made a place in the repertoire of language research and practice. Implications, limitations, and future research are discussed.
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Tananaev, N. I., A. G. Georgiadi, and V. V. Fofonova. "Revising contemporary heat flux estimates for the Lena River, Northern Eurasia." Hydrology Research 50, no. 5 (2019): 1440–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.2019.062.

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Abstract The Lena River (Lena R.) heat flux affects the Laptev Sea hydrology. Published long-term estimates range from 14.0 to 15.7 EJ·a−1, based on data from Kyusyur, at the river outlet. A novel daily stream temperature (Tw) dataset was used to evaluate contemporary Lena R. heat flux, which is 16.4 ± 2.7 EJ·a−1 (2002–2011), confirming upward trends in both Tw and water runoff. Our field data from Kyusyur, however, reveal a significant negative bias, −0.8 °C in our observations, in observed Tw values from Kyusyur compared to the cross-section average Tw. Minor Lena R. tributaries discharge colder water during July–September, forming a cold jet affecting Kyusyur Tw data. Major Tw negative peaks mostly coincide with flood peaks on the Yeremeyka River, one of these tributaries. This negative bias was accounted for in our reassessment. Revised contemporary Lena R. heat flux is 17.6 ± 2.8 EJ·a−1 (2002–2011) and is constrained from above at 26.9 EJ·a−1 using data from Zhigansk, approximately 500 km upstream Kyusyur. Heat flux is controlled by stream temperature in June, during the freshet period, while from late July to mid-September, water runoff is a dominant factor.
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Klein, Kelsey E., Yu-Hsiang Wu, Elizabeth Stangl, and Ruth A. Bentler. "Using a Digital Language Processor to Quantify the Auditory Environment and the Effect of Hearing Aids for Adults with Hearing Loss." Journal of the American Academy of Audiology 29, no. 04 (2018): 279–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3766/jaaa.16114.

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AbstractAuditory environments can influence the communication function of individuals with hearing loss and the effects of hearing aids. Therefore, a tool that can objectively characterize a patient’s real-world auditory environments is needed.To use the Language Environment Analysis (LENA) system to quantify the auditory environments of adults with hearing loss, to examine if the use of hearing aids changes a user’s auditory environment, and to determine the association between LENA variables and self-report hearing aid outcome measures.This study used a crossover design.Participants included 22 adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss, age 64–82 yr.Participants were fitted with bilateral behind-the-ear hearing aids from a major manufacturer.The LENA system consists of a digital language processor (DLP) that is worn by an individual and records up to 16 hr of the individual’s auditory environment. The recording is then automatically categorized according to time spent in different types of auditory environments (e.g., meaningful speech and TV/electronic sound) by the LENA algorithms. The LENA system also characterizes the user’s auditory environment by providing the sound levels of different auditory categories. Participants in the present study wore a LENA DLP in an unaided condition and aided condition, which each lasted six to eight days. Participants wore bilateral hearing aids in the aided condition. Percentage of time spent in each auditory environment, as well as median levels of TV/electronic sounds and speech, were compared between subjects’ unaided and aided conditions using paired sample t tests. LENA data were also compared to self-report measures of hearing disability and hearing aid benefit using Pearson correlations.Overall, participants spent the greatest percentage of time in silence (∼40%), relative to other auditory environments. Participants spent ∼12% and 26% of their time in meaningful speech and TV/electronic sound environments, respectively. No significant differences were found between mean percentage of time spent in each auditory environment in the unaided and aided conditions. Median TV/electronic sound levels were on average 2.4 dB lower in the aided condition than in the unaided condition; speech levels were not significantly different between the two conditions. TV/electronic sound and speech levels did not significantly correlate with self-report data.The LENA system can provide rich data to characterize the everyday auditory environments of older adults with hearing loss. Although TV/electronic sound level was significantly lower in the aided than unaided condition, the use of hearing aids seemed not to substantially change users’ auditory environments. Because there is no significant association between objective LENA variables and self-report questionnaire outcomes, these two types of measures may assess different aspects of communication function. The feasibility of using LENA in clinical settings is discussed.
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Schäfer, Julia, Björn B. Burckhardt, Jutta Tins, and Stephanie Läer. "EVALUATION OF THE APPLICABILITY OF A CHILD-APPROPRIATE HIGH THROUGHPUT HPLC-MS/MS METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ENALAPRIL AND ENALAPRILAT IN SMALL SAMPLE VOLUMES OF SERUM AND URINE WITHIN A GCLP-COMPLIANT ENVIRONMENT." Archives of Disease in Childhood 101, no. 1 (2015): e1.69-e1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2015-310148.71.

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BackgroundHeart failure is a life-threatening disease in neonates up to adolescents. The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril is a recommended therapy in paediatric heart failure, although it is not labelled for patients Objective: Proof of concept of the paediatric tailored assays by verification of the reliable conduct of sample analysis according to international bioanalytical guidelines and determination of enalapril and its active metabolite enalaprilat in the LENA phase I study.MethodsAll LENA phase I samples were analysed applying the developed high throughput analysis for enalapril and enalaprilat via HPLC-MS/MS. According to the established LENA GCLP-compliant quality system, the evaluation of all study samples was conducted by using freshly prepared quality standards to obtain calibration curves of enalapril and enalaprilat in serum and urine.ResultsIn total, 22 calibration curves in serum and 7 in urine were required to investigate all samples of the phase I study of LENA. All 29 calibration curves complied with the limits of FDA and EMA bioanalytical guidelines and the applicability of the established high throughput method in the GCLP environment was proven. About 2100 study samples were successfully determined within 26 days.ConclusionThe developed paediatric tailored high throughput HPLC-MS/MS analysis proved its applicability in a GCLP-compliant environment and is suitable for the upcoming phase II and phase III studies of the LENA project focussing on paediatric patients.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n°602295 (LENA).
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35

Heinemann, Markus K. "Blue Lena – An Epitaph." Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon 68, no. 03 (2020): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708848.

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36

Nevins, A., and E. Puccio. "Alice and Lena: Spinsters." Gerontologist 30, no. 3 (1990): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/30.3.427.

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37

Weisse, Allen B. "Lena F. Edwards, M.D." Hospital Practice 24, no. 6 (1989): 185–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21548331.1989.11703735.

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38

Göthlund, Anette, and Ulla Lind. "Lena Richert, Fotografiets hemligheter." HumaNetten, no. 30 (November 27, 2015): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/hn.20133005.

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39

CHAMPAGNE, A. E., and C. ILIADIS. "FIRST RESULTS FROM LENA." Modern Physics Letters A 22, no. 04 (2007): 243–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732307022724.

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We review the first results from the Laboratory for Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics (LENA), which is a dedicated accelerator facility for measuring reactions of astrophysical interest. We also briefly describe the facility itself and the detector system. The reactions that have been measured have relevance for both stellar evolution and for classical nova explosions.
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40

Cardullo, Bert. "Büchner’s Leonce and Lena." Explicator 45, no. 1 (1986): 23–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00144940.1986.11483958.

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41

Munson, David C. "A note on Lena." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 5, no. 1 (1996): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tip.1996.8100841.

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42

Monk, Dave. "Lena: A seismic model." Leading Edge 21, no. 5 (2002): 438–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1481249.

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43

Sanders, Eric Henry. "Lena Dunham Is Everywhere." Massachusetts Review 58, no. 2 (2017): 296–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mar.2017.0045.

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44

Diomede, Matthew. "My Dear Aunt Lena." Christianity & Literature 37, no. 1 (1987): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014833318703700111.

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Wilson, Mary. "Stein's The Gentle Lena." Explicator 64, no. 2 (2006): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/expl.64.2.94-96.

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Loo, K., T. Enqvist, J. Hissa та ін. "Hunt for θ13with LENA". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 375, № 4 (2012): 042053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/375/1/042053.

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47

Robberstad, Anne. "Lena Ebervall: Försvararens roll." Tidsskrift for Rettsvitenskap 116, no. 01 (2003): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18261/issn1504-3096-2003-01-05.

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48

Kadir, Poppy Arnold, Krishna Anugrah, and Rita Andrayana Sari. "Sistem Pengelolaan Lena Oleh Laundry Section Di Hotel Copthorne Orchid Penang Malaysia." Aksara: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Nonformal 4, no. 2 (2020): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.37905/aksara.4.2.169-178.2018.

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<p>This study aimed at revitalizing the management system of lena by laundry section in hotel Copthorne Orchid Penang to fulfill the Operational Standard Procedure. This research applied qualitative method which provided data description of written and spoken from the respondent by using observation, interview, and documentation.<br />The research result showed that lena management system by laundry section in hotel of Copthorne Orchid Penang did not fulfill the operational standard procedure because the officers did not follow the procedure and there was no facility of laundry in the hotel which was caused the outside laundry played the role of lena management, in consequence it distrubed the operational of the hotel. As a result, it is a major concern to the hotel to provide the laundry facility and gain the employee to maximize the lena management system by laundry section in Hotel Copthorne Orchid Penang.</p>
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Bolshiyanov, D. Y., A. O. Aksenov, A. S. Makarov, et al. "Geomorphological structure and neotectonics of the Lena delta." Arctic and Antarctic Research 65, no. 2 (2019): 186–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30758/0555-2648-2019-65-2-186-200.

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New data about geomorphological structure and neotectonic movements of the Lena Delta is presented. Thet are based on results of the Russian-German expeditions Lena-2013, Lena-2014, Lena-2015 and Lena-2018 and include geomorphological profiling with high quality satellite instruments and a number of radiocarbon dates on the Sobo-Sise, Kurungnakh, Jangylakh-Sis and Khardang-Sise islands. These islands consist of the Late Pleistocene Ice Complex (IC) remnants eroded by river and sea, and the first terrace of the Delta, which adjoins the remnants. The first terrace started to form 8,000 years ago in the western part of the Delta and was finally formed in the last millennium in the eastern part of the Delta. From the previous works, it is known that the western part of the Delta is higher than the eastern part. In our work, we explain it by the eneven movements of the Earth’s crust in this region. The aim of the paper is to study the quantitative characteristics of the tectonic movements in the Lena River Delta. For this purpose we present the geomorphological schemes and descriptions of the islands mentioned and compare the terraces heights in the different parts of the Delta. In the Late Pleistocene, according to the heights of the IC remnants, the western part of the Delta rose 1 mm per year faster than its eastern part. In the Holocene the speed difference increased to approximately 2 mm per year, which is shown by the terrace surface’s altitude. The amplitude between the western and eastern parts of this surface is about 4 m. Finally, according to 60-years observation period of the water level in the Laptev Sea, the modern speed difference of the western and eastern parts movement in the Lena Delta is 2 mm per year. As a result, we can observe changes in the main flow direction in the Delta channels from the Olenekskaya branch at the beginning of Holocene to the Bykovskaya branch today.
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Imaeva, L. P., G. S. Gusev, and V. S. Imaev. "Dynamics of the relief and sesmotectonic activity of the modern structures in the delta of the river lena." Геотектоника, no. 5 (September 6, 2019): 62–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0016-853x2019562-77.

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This paper presents seismogeodynamic analysis of modern structures located in the Lena river delta. These structures are key elements in the tectonic evolution of the shelf–continent transition zone in the Arctic segment of the boundary between the Eurasian and North American lithospheric plates. The geological structure of the Lena river delta is predetermined by the junction of the ancient Siberian platform and the Mesozoic Laptev Sea plate. These two large geoblocks of the crust, which differ in age, are separated by a fragment of the Kharaulakh segment of the Verkhoyansk fold system. In our study aimed to reveal regularities in seismotectonic destruction of the crust, we analyzed the geological and geophysical data on the crustal structure, active faults, modern structural plan, dynamic characteristics of the modern relief, and hydrological features characterizing of the flow redistribution in the Lena riverbed. A system of active faults identified in the Lena river delta shows a contrasting kinematic plan of the junction zone of the main geostructures. According to the analysis results, shear faulting is a dominant factor of impact on the morphologic features and seismogeodynamic activation of the modern structures. A regional right-lateral strike-slip fault of the sublatitudinal strike is traced as a major structural boundary that cuts the Lena river delta into several geodynamic segments. Seismotectonic destruction of the crust in the segments differs in types (transpression, transtension and compression). The above-mentioned fault is not only the main element of the kinematic plan of the newest structures in the Lena river delta – it controls the general structural pattern and seismotectonic parameters of active fault zones in the entire northern sector of the Verkhoyansk marginal suture. The seismogeodynamic analysis results obtained in our study provide a reliable basis for estimating potential seismic hazard of the modern structures in the Lena river delta and updating the available seismic zoning maps of the shelf–continent transition zone in the Arctic segment of the boundary between the Eurasian and North American lithospheric plates.
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