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Journal articles on the topic 'Lentiviruses'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Clements, J. E., and M. C. Zink. "Molecular biology and pathogenesis of animal lentivirus infections." Clinical Microbiology Reviews 9, no. 1 (1996): 100–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cmr.9.1.100.

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Lentiviruses are a subfamily of retroviruses that are characterized by long incubation periods between infection of the host and the manifestation of clinical disease. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1, the causative agent of AIDS, is the most widely studied lentivirus. However, the lentiviruses that infect sheep, goats, and horses were identified and studied prior to the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. These and other animal lentiviruses provide important systems in which to investigate the molecular pathogenesis of this family of viruses. This review will focus on two ani

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2

Lairmore, M. D., S. T. Butera, G. N. Callahan, and J. C. DeMartini. "Spontaneous interferon production by pulmonary leukocytes is associated with lentivirus-induced lymphoid interstitial pneumonia." Journal of Immunology 140, no. 3 (1988): 779–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.140.3.779.

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Abstract Ovine lentiviruses share genome sequence, structural features, and replicative mechanisms with HIV, the etiologic agent of AIDS. A lamb model of lentivirus-induced lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, comparable to lymphoid interstitial pneumonia associated with pediatric AIDS, was used to investigate production of leukocyte-soluble mediators. Lentivirus-infected lambs and adult sheep with severe lymphoid interstitial pneumonia had significantly elevated levels of spontaneous interferon (IFN) production from pulmonary leukocytes compared with ovine lentiviruses-infected animals with mild

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3

Hötzel, Isidro, and William P. Cheevers. "Conservation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 gp120 Inner-Domain Sequences in Lentivirus and Type A and B Retrovirus Envelope Surface Glycoproteins." Journal of Virology 75, no. 4 (2001): 2014–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.4.2014-2018.2001.

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ABSTRACT We recently described a sequence similarity between the small ruminant lentivirus surface unit glycoprotein (SU) gp135 and the second conserved region (C2) of the primate lentivirus gp120 which indicates a structural similarity between gp135 and the inner proximal domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gp120 (I. Hötzel and W. P. Cheevers, Virus Res. 69:47–54, 2000). Here we found that the seven-amino-acid sequence of the gp120 strand β25 in the C5 region, which is also part of the inner proximal domain, was conserved in the SU of all lentiviruses in similar or identical po

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4

Bose, Deepanwita, Jean Gagnon, and Yahia Chebloune. "Comparative Analysis of Tat-Dependent and Tat-Deficient Natural Lentiviruses." Veterinary Sciences 2, no. 4 (2015): 293–348. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13530659.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in infected humans has resulted in a global pandemic that has killed millions. HIV-1 and HIV-2 belong to the lentivirus genus of the Retroviridae family. This genus also includes viruses that infect other vertebrate animals, among them caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV), the prototypes of a heterogeneous group of viruses known as small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs), affecting both goat and sheep worldwide.

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5

Bose, Deepanwita, Jean Gagnon, and Yahia Chebloune. "Comparative Analysis of Tat-Dependent and Tat-Deficient Natural Lentiviruses." Veterinary Sciences 2, no. 4 (2015): 293–348. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13530659.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causing acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in infected humans has resulted in a global pandemic that has killed millions. HIV-1 and HIV-2 belong to the lentivirus genus of the Retroviridae family. This genus also includes viruses that infect other vertebrate animals, among them caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV), the prototypes of a heterogeneous group of viruses known as small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLVs), affecting both goat and sheep worldwide.

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6

Courgnaud, Valérie, Xavier Pourrut, Frédéric Bibollet-Ruche, et al. "Characterization of a Novel Simian Immunodeficiency Virus from Guereza Colobus Monkeys (Colobus guereza) in Cameroon: a New Lineage in the Nonhuman Primate Lentivirus Family." Journal of Virology 75, no. 2 (2001): 857–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.2.857-866.2001.

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ABSTRACT Exploration of the diversity among primate lentiviruses is necessary to elucidate the origins and evolution of immunodeficiency viruses. During a serological survey in Cameroon, we screened 25 wild-born guereza colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza) and identified 7 with HIV/SIV cross-reactive antibodies. In this study, we describe a novel lentivirus, named SIVcol, prevalent in guereza colobus monkeys. Genetic analysis revealed that SIVcol was very distinct from all other known SIV/HIV isolates, with average amino acid identities of 40% for Gag, 50% for Pol, 28% for Env, and around 25% for

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7

Chen, Jianbo, Douglas Powell, and Wei-Shau Hu. "High Frequency of Genetic Recombination Is a Common Feature of Primate Lentivirus Replication." Journal of Virology 80, no. 19 (2006): 9651–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00936-06.

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ABSTRACT Recent studies indicate that human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) recombines at exceedingly high rates, approximately 1 order of magnitude more frequently than simple gammaretroviruses such as murine leukemia virus and spleen necrosis virus. We hypothesize that this high frequency of genetic recombination is a common feature of primate lentiviruses. Alternatively, it is possible that HIV-1 is unique among primate lentiviruses in possessing high recombination rates. Among other primate lentiviruses, only the molecular mechanisms of HIV-2 replication have been extensively studied

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8

de Pablo-Maiso, Lorena, Ana Doménech, Irache Echeverría, et al. "Prospects in Innate Immune Responses as Potential Control Strategies against Non-Primate Lentiviruses." Viruses 10, no. 8 (2018): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v10080435.

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Lentiviruses are infectious agents of a number of animal species, including sheep, goats, horses, monkeys, cows, and cats, in addition to humans. As in the human case, the host immune response fails to control the establishment of chronic persistent infection that finally leads to a specific disease development. Despite intensive research on the development of lentivirus vaccines, it is still not clear which immune responses can protect against infection. Viral mutations resulting in escape from T-cell or antibody-mediated responses are the basis of the immune failure to control the infection.

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9

St-Louis, Marie-Claude, Mihaela Cojocariu, and Denis Archambault. "The molecular biology of bovine immunodeficiency virus: a comparison with other lentiviruses." Animal Health Research Reviews 5, no. 2 (2004): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ahr200496.

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AbstractBovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) was first isolated in 1969 from a cow, R-29, with a wasting syndrome. The virus isolated induced the formation of syncytia in cell cultures and was structurally similar to maedi-visna virus. Twenty years later, it was demonstrated that the bovine R-29 isolate was indeed a lentivirus with striking similarity to the human immunodeficiency virus. Like other lentiviruses, BIV has a complex genomic structure characterized by the presence of several regulatory/accessory genes that encode proteins, some of which are involved in the regulation of virus gene

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10

Narayan, O., D. Sheffer, J. E. Clements, and G. Tennekoon. "Restricted replication of lentiviruses. Visna viruses induce a unique interferon during interaction between lymphocytes and infected macrophages." Journal of Experimental Medicine 162, no. 6 (1985): 1954–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.162.6.1954.

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Lentivirus infections are characterized by a persistent, restricted type of virus replication in tissues. Using sheep and goat lentiviruses, whose target cells in vivo are macrophages, we explored virus-host cell interactions to determine whether an interferon (IFN) is produced during virus replication in vivo which causes restricted replication. We show that the lentiviruses were incapable of inducing IFN directly in any infected cell, including macrophages and lymphocytes. However, after infection with these viruses, sheep and goat macrophages acquired a factor that triggered IFN production

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11

Hatziioannou, Theodora, Simone Cowan, and Paul D. Bieniasz. "Capsid-Dependent and -Independent Postentry Restriction of Primate Lentivirus Tropism in Rodent Cells." Journal of Virology 78, no. 2 (2004): 1006–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.78.2.1006-1011.2004.

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ABSTRACT Retrovirus tropism can be restricted by cellular factors such as Fv1, Ref1, and Lv1 that inhibit infection by targeting the incoming viral capsid. Here, we show that rodent cells exhibit differential sensitivity to infection by vesicular stomatitis virus G-pseudotyped lentiviruses and that differences between human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac) infectivity are sometimes, but not always, governed by determinants in capsid-p2. In at least one case, resistance to SIVmac infection could be eliminated by saturation of target cells with noninfectio

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12

Miyazawa, Takayuki. "Receptors for Lentiviruses." MEMBRANE 30, no. 2 (2005): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5360/membrane.30.73.

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13

Pomerantz, Roger J. "Replication of lentiviruses." Frontiers in Bioscience 8, no. 6 (2003): s156–174. http://dx.doi.org/10.2741/935.

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14

Dunbar, Cynthia. "Lentiviruses get specific." Blood 99, no. 2 (2002): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v99.2.397.

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15

Emerman, Michael. "Learning from lentiviruses." Nature Genetics 24, no. 1 (2000): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/71740.

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16

Armimi, Anastasia, Afina Firdaus Syuaib, Katherine Vanya, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Assay System using Pseudo-lentivirus." Indonesian Biomedical Journal 15, no. 2 (2023): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18585/inabj.v15i2.2212.

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BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infects humans' lower respiratory tracts and causes coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Neutralizing antibodies is one of the adaptive immune system responses that can reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to develop a SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay system using pseudo-lentivirus.METHODS: The plasmid used for pseudo-lentivirus production was characterized using restriction analysis. The gene encoding for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was confirmed using sequencing. The transfection pseudo-lentivirus optimal condition

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17

Rosati, Sergio, Jimmy Kwang, and James E. Keen. "Genome Analysis of North American Small Ruminant Lentiviruses by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Enzyme Analysis." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 7, no. 4 (1995): 437–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879500700403.

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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify portions of the gag and env structural genes of 8 ovine and 1 caprine lentivirus isolates of North American origin. Three sets of primers were used to amplify p16, p25, and Nî-gp40 gene fragments, and 1 set, annealing highly conserved portions of long terminal repeat (LTR) among small ruminant lentiviruses, was used as a positive control. Variable PCR amplification efficiency was observed. Different stringency conditions of hybridization with specific DNA probes were used to maximize detection of the PCR product. The p25 primers detected

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18

Browning, Matthew T., Russell D. Schmidt, Kathy A. Lew, and Tahir A. Rizvi. "Primate and Feline Lentivirus Vector RNA Packaging and Propagation by Heterologous Lentivirus Virions." Journal of Virology 75, no. 11 (2001): 5129–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.11.5129-5140.2001.

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ABSTRACT Development of safe and effective gene transfer systems is critical to the success of gene therapy protocols for human diseases. Currently, several primate lentivirus-based gene transfer systems, such as those based on human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV/SIV), are being tested; however, their use in humans raises safety concerns, such as the generation of replication-competent viruses through recombination with related endogenous retroviruses or retrovirus-like elements. Due to the greater phylogenetic distance from primate lentiviruses, feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)

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19

Barnass, Stella. "Lentiviruses and mycobacterial diseases." Immunology Today 8, no. 1 (1987): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(87)90822-x.

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20

Breckpot, Karine, and K. Thielemans. "Lentiviruses in cancer immunotherapy." Future Virology 2, no. 6 (2007): 597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/17460794.2.6.597.

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21

Baccam, Prasith, Robert J. Thompson, Yuxing Li, et al. "Subpopulations of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus Rev Coexist In Vivo and Differ in Phenotype." Journal of Virology 77, no. 22 (2003): 12122–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.77.22.12122-12131.2003.

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ABSTRACT Lentiviruses exist in vivo as a population of related, nonidentical genotypes, commonly referred to as quasispecies. The quasispecies structure is characteristic of complex adaptive systems and contributes to the high rate of evolution in lentiviruses that confounds efforts to develop effective vaccines and antiviral therapies. Here, we describe analyses of genetic data from longitudinal studies of genetic variation in a lentivirus regulatory protein, Rev, over the course of disease in ponies experimentally infected with equine infectious anemia virus. As observed with other lentiviru

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22

Jin, Jing, Timothy Sturgeon, Chaoping Chen, Simon C. Watkins, Ora A. Weisz, and Ronald C. Montelaro. "Distinct Intracellular Trafficking of Equine Infectious Anemia Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag during Viral Assembly and Budding Revealed by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation Assays." Journal of Virology 81, no. 20 (2007): 11226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00431-07.

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ABSTRACT Retroviral Gag polyproteins are necessary and sufficient for virus budding. Numerous studies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag assembly and budding mechanisms have been reported, but relatively little is known about these fundamental pathways among animal lentiviruses. While there may be a general assumption that lentiviruses share common assembly mechanisms, studies of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) have indicated alternative cellular pathways and cofactors employed among lentiviruses for assembly and budding. In the current study, we used bimolecular fluoresc

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23

Da Silva Teixeira, Maria Fatima, Véronique Lambert, Laila Mselli-Lakahl, Abdelkamel Chettab, Yahia Chebloune, and Jean-François Mornex. "Immortalization of caprine fibroblasts permissive for replication of small ruminant lentiviruses." American Journal of Veterinary Research 58, no. 6 (1997): 579–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1997.58.06.579.

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Abstract Objective To establish immortalized caprine fibroblastic cell lines permissive for replication of small ruminant lentiviruses. Animals Carpal synovial membrane explants collected aseptically from a surgically delivered fetus of a lentivirus-seronegative goat. Procedure Immortalization of goat embryonic fibroblasts was performed by DNA transfection with plasmids coding for simian virus 40 large T antigen. The generated cell lines were phenotypically characterized. Cytogenetics, growth pattern, and sensitivity to viral infection were studied. Results 3 cell lines, designated TIGEF, mMTS

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24

Wolf, Cindy. "Update on Small Ruminant Lentiviruses." Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice 37, no. 1 (2021): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cvfa.2020.12.003.

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25

Nandi, Jayashree S., Anil K. Chhangani, Shravan Singh Rathore, and Bajrang Raj J. Mathur. "Diversity of Primate Lentiviruses Rebooted." Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 07, no. 12 (2019): 126–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jbm.2019.712011.

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26

Reina, Ramsés, Damián Andrés, and Beatriz Amorena. "Immunization against Small Ruminant Lentiviruses." Viruses 5, no. 8 (2013): 1948–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v5081948.

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27

Ruprecht, Ruth M., Timothy W. Baba, Vladimir Liska, et al. "Oral Transmission of Primate Lentiviruses." Journal of Infectious Diseases 179, s3 (1999): S408—S412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/314794.

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28

Holmes, E. C. "Ancient lentiviruses leave their mark." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 15 (2007): 6095–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0701578104.

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29

Cross, James C. "Lentiviruses to the placental rescue." Nature Biotechnology 25, no. 2 (2007): 190–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0207-190.

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30

Dove, Alan. "Lentiviruses for stable gene therapy." Nature Biotechnology 18, no. 8 (2000): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/78375.

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31

Narayan, O., and J. E. Clements. "Biology and Pathogenesis of Lentiviruses." Journal of General Virology 70, no. 7 (1989): 1617–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-70-7-1617.

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32

Federico, M. "Lentiviruses as gene delivery vectors." Current Opinion in Biotechnology 10, no. 5 (1999): 448–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-1669(99)00008-7.

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33

TRISTEM, MICHAEL, CRAIG MARSHALL, ABRAHAM KARPAS, JURAJ PETRIK, and FERGAL HILL. "Origin of vpx in lentiviruses." Nature 347, no. 6291 (1990): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/347341b0.

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34

Blacklaws, B. A., E. Berriatua, S. Torsteinsdottir, et al. "Transmission of small ruminant lentiviruses." Veterinary Microbiology 101, no. 3 (2004): 199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.04.006.

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35

Davis, Jennifer L., and Janice E. Clements. "Complex gene expression of lentiviruses." Microbial Pathogenesis 4, no. 4 (1988): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0882-4010(88)90084-8.

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36

Chastel, C. "Points: Lentiviruses, AIDS, and insects." BMJ 293, no. 6539 (1986): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.293.6539.140-f.

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37

Schneider, Josef, and Gerhard Hunsmann. "Simian lentiviruses — the SIV group." AIDS 2, no. 1 (1988): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00002030-198802000-00001.

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38

Denman, A. M. "Induction of interferon by lentiviruses." Immunology Today 7, no. 7-8 (1986): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5699(86)90103-9.

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39

Soares, Rafael Rodrigues, Francisco Alberto Moraes Viana Júnior, Diego Moraes Soares, et al. "Serological evidence and spatial analysis of small ruminant lentiviruses in herds in Maranhão, Brazil." Acta Veterinaria Brasilica 14, no. 4 (2020): 244–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21708/avb.2020.14.4.9001.

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Caprine arthritis encephalitis and Maedi-Visnaare lentiviruses affecting goats and sheep, respectively. Despite the literature having studies about these diseases, there is a constant demand and the need to study the health status of flocks that exploit economically. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the frequency of small ruminant lentiviruses explored in regional locations of Chapadinha and Itapecuru Mirim, that compose the microregion of Low Parnaíba, Maranhão, Brazil, as well as analyze the spatial distribution of outbreaks in the studied regions. Therefore, 241 properties were visited

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40

Munis, Altar M. "Gene Therapy Applications of Non-Human Lentiviral Vectors." Viruses 12, no. 10 (2020): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12101106.

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Recent commercialization of lentiviral vector (LV)-based cell therapies and successful reports of clinical studies have demonstrated the untapped potential of LVs to treat diseases and benefit patients. LVs hold notable and inherent advantages over other gene transfer agents based on their ability to transduce non-dividing cells, permanently transform target cell genome, and allow stable, long-term transgene expression. LV systems based on non-human lentiviruses are attractive alternatives to conventional HIV-1-based LVs due to their lack of pathogenicity in humans. This article reviews non-hu

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41

Han, Guan-Zhu, and Michael Worobey. "A Primitive Endogenous Lentivirus in a Colugo: Insights into the Early Evolution of Lentiviruses." Molecular Biology and Evolution 32, no. 1 (2014): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msu297.

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42

Johnston, J. B., Y. Jiang, G. van Marle, et al. "Lentivirus Infection in the Brain Induces Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression: Role of Envelope Diversity." Journal of Virology 74, no. 16 (2000): 7211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.74.16.7211-7220.2000.

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ABSTRACT Infection of the brain by lentiviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), causes inflammation and results in neurodegeneration. Molecular diversity within the lentivirus envelope gene has been implicated in the regulation of cell tropism and the host response to infection. Here, we examine the hypothesis that envelope sequence diversity modulates the expression of host molecules implicated in lentivirus-induced brain disease, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and related transcription factors. Infection of primary macrophages

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43

Compton, Alex A., Harmit S. Malik, and Michael Emerman. "Host gene evolution traces the evolutionary history of ancient primate lentiviruses." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1626 (2013): 20120496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0496.

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Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) have infected primate species long before human immunodeficiency virus has infected humans. Dozens of species-specific lentiviruses are found in African primate species, including two strains that have repeatedly jumped into human populations within the past century. Traditional phylogenetic approaches have grossly underestimated the age of these primate lentiviruses. Instead, here we review how selective pressures imposed by these viruses have fundamentally altered the evolutionary trajectory of hosts genes and, even in cases where there now remains no t

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Morrison, James H., Caitlin Miller, Laura Bankers, et al. "A Potent Postentry Restriction to Primate Lentiviruses in a Yinpterochiropteran Bat." mBio 11, no. 5 (2020): e01854-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13481037.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats are primary reservoirs for multiple lethal human viruses, such as Ebola, Nipah, Hendra, rabies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, most recently, SARS-CoV-2. The innate immune systems of these immensely abundant, anciently diverged mammals remain insufficiently characterized. While bat genomes contain many endogenous retroviral elements indicative of past exogenous infections, little is known about restrictions to extant retroviruses. Here, we desc

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45

Morrison, James H., Caitlin Miller, Laura Bankers, et al. "A Potent Postentry Restriction to Primate Lentiviruses in a Yinpterochiropteran Bat." mBio 11, no. 5 (2020): e01854-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13481037.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats are primary reservoirs for multiple lethal human viruses, such as Ebola, Nipah, Hendra, rabies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, most recently, SARS-CoV-2. The innate immune systems of these immensely abundant, anciently diverged mammals remain insufficiently characterized. While bat genomes contain many endogenous retroviral elements indicative of past exogenous infections, little is known about restrictions to extant retroviruses. Here, we desc

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46

Morrison, James H., Caitlin Miller, Laura Bankers, et al. "A Potent Postentry Restriction to Primate Lentiviruses in a Yinpterochiropteran Bat." mBio 11, no. 5 (2020): e01854-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13481037.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats are primary reservoirs for multiple lethal human viruses, such as Ebola, Nipah, Hendra, rabies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, most recently, SARS-CoV-2. The innate immune systems of these immensely abundant, anciently diverged mammals remain insufficiently characterized. While bat genomes contain many endogenous retroviral elements indicative of past exogenous infections, little is known about restrictions to extant retroviruses. Here, we desc

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47

Morrison, James H., Caitlin Miller, Laura Bankers, et al. "A Potent Postentry Restriction to Primate Lentiviruses in a Yinpterochiropteran Bat." mBio 11, no. 5 (2020): e01854-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13481037.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats are primary reservoirs for multiple lethal human viruses, such as Ebola, Nipah, Hendra, rabies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, most recently, SARS-CoV-2. The innate immune systems of these immensely abundant, anciently diverged mammals remain insufficiently characterized. While bat genomes contain many endogenous retroviral elements indicative of past exogenous infections, little is known about restrictions to extant retroviruses. Here, we desc

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48

Morrison, James H., Caitlin Miller, Laura Bankers, et al. "A Potent Postentry Restriction to Primate Lentiviruses in a Yinpterochiropteran Bat." mBio 11, no. 5 (2020): e01854-20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13481037.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Bats are primary reservoirs for multiple lethal human viruses, such as Ebola, Nipah, Hendra, rabies, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARSCoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and, most recently, SARS-CoV-2. The innate immune systems of these immensely abundant, anciently diverged mammals remain insufficiently characterized. While bat genomes contain many endogenous retroviral elements indicative of past exogenous infections, little is known about restrictions to extant retroviruses. Here, we desc

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Wang, Chu, Kaikai Zhang, Lina Meng, et al. "The C-terminal domain of feline and bovine SAMHD1 proteins has a crucial role in lentiviral restriction." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 13 (2020): 4252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.012767.

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SAM and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a host factor that restricts reverse transcription of lentiviruses such as HIV in myeloid cells and resting T cells through its dNTP triphosphohydrolase (dNTPase) activity. Lentiviruses counteract this restriction by expressing the accessory protein Vpx or Vpr, which targets SAMHD1 for proteasomal degradation. SAMHD1 is conserved among mammals, and the feline and bovine SAMHD1 proteins (fSAM and bSAM) restrict lentiviruses by reducing cellular dNTP concentrations. However, the functional regions of fSAM and bSAM that are required for their bio

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Minardi, da Cruz Juliano Cezar, Dinesh Kumar Singh, Ali Lamara, and Yahia Chebloune. "Small Ruminant Lentiviruses (SRLVs) Break the Species Barrier to Acquire New Host Range." Viruses 5, no. 7 (2013): 1867–84. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13530545.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Zoonotic events of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from non-human primates to humans have generated the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), one of the most devastating infectious disease of the last century with more than 30 million people dead and about 40.3 million people currently infected worldwide. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1 and HIV-2), the two major viruses that cause AIDS in humans are retroviruses of the lentivirus genus. The genus includes arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) and Maedi-Visna virus (MVV), and a heter

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