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Journal articles on the topic 'Leonese'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Robles-Tascón, José Antonio, and Héctor García-Robles. "Repertorio bibliográfico anotado de monografías de lucha leonesa (1977-2015)." Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas 12, no. 2 (November 9, 2017): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/rama.v12i2.5159.

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The purpose of this study was to create an annotated bibliography about Leonese wrestling. The first author's library was the starting point and then the catalogs of the National Library of Spain, Public Libraries of Spain, Spanish University Libraries Network, as well as the Spanish ISBN Agency Database of books published in Spain were consulted by using the keywords “lucha leonesa” and “aluche”. The annotated bibliography comprises a total of 19 monographs, published between 1977 and 2015. As a whole, they show the eminently local dimension of this traditional sport, the support it has received from several public and private institutions, as well as its double dimension as a sport and as a tradition solidly rooted in Leonese culture.

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2

Fernández Chapman, Christian. "A vueltas con la recuperación del leonés = Rethinking the recovery of Leonese." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i1.6160.

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<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p class="Pa8">El presente artículo pretende realizar un análisis sucinto sobre la trayectoria de la recuperación moderna del leonés, así como contribuir al campo de la sociolingüística a través de una valoración sobre las ideologías lingüísticas de las asociaciones involucradas en su protección, activas en la actualidad o en el pasado. Para ello, analizaremos las ideas y discursos que apoyan o refutan posturas hegemónicas y contrahegemónicas dentro del proceso de recuperación lingüística utilizando la teoría del sociolingüista gallego José del Valle mediante la contraposición que establece entre las culturas de la monoglosia y de la heteroglosia, lo cual supone una novedad para entender el marco conceptual de la realidad lingüística leonesa dentro de esta disciplina.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="Pa8">The present article intends to elaborate on the history of the modern recovery of Leonese as well as contributing to the field of sociolinguistics through an analysis of the linguistic ideologies of the associations –currently active or in the past– involved in its protection. To do so, after reviewing the style and language attitudes of the first writers in Leonese of the 20th century, we will focus on the ideas and rhetoric of associations that support or reject hegemonic or counterhegemonic stances within the process of language recovery using the theory of CUNY sociolinguist José del Valle, who establishes an opposition between the culture of monoglossia and the culture of heteroglossia. This new approach aims to provide a conceptual framework to understand the Leonese language situation within the field of sociolinguistics.<em> </em></p>

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3

Pérez Rodríguez, Estrella. "El latín cancilleresco: estudio de su vocalismo." Estudios Humanísticos. Filología, no. 10 (December 1, 1988): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehf.v0i10.4341.

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<p>Tomando como base la documentación del monarca leonés Fernando II, se intenta mostrar aquí la situación gráfico fonética del vocalismo en el latín de la cancillería real, particularmente en el s.XII y en la zona castellano-leonesa. Para ello se comparan los datos obtenidos para aquella cancillería con la situación que presenta la de Alfonso VIII de Castilla, contemporánea, y, en la medida de lo posible, con la del Cartulario de S. Vicente de Oviedo, de siglos anteriores. De tal comparación se observa una tendencia hacia el normativismo en este aspecto dentro del latín cancilleresco leonés.</p><p>In this paper the author intends to show the situation of vocalism in the latin pertaining to medieval peninsular roya! chancellery. She takes the latin of the 12th-century documents written by the cancellery of the leonese king Fernando II (1157-88) as point of departure. Then she compares its vocalism with that existing in the Alfonso's VIII-castilian-chancellery latin, dating from a contemporary time. When possible, she also takes into account the situation in the earlier documents of St. Vicente of Oviedo (9th, 10th and 11th centuries).</p>

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Flecha Pérez, Alberto. "Notas para el estudio del regionalismo leonés en el primer tercio del siglo XX: ¿de reino medieval a apéndice autonómico? = Notes for the study of Leonese regionalism in the first third of the 20th century: from medieval kingdom to autonomous appendix?" Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7012.

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ResumenFrente a la generalizada concepción del regionalismo leonés como una consecuencia del pasado medieval y de la evolución histórica del reino de León, el presente artículo pretende hacer una aproximación al mismo como un proceso relacionado fundamentalmente con la modernidad. Para ello se sitúa el fenómeno dentro del contexto general en el que surge el regionalismo durante la segunda fase de la modernidad, y se analiza su formación como discurso: quiénes son sus principales actores, en qué medios se expresan y cuáles son los principales recursos simbólicos que utilizan.AbstractContrary to the widespread conception of Leonese regionalism as a consequence of the medieval past and the historical evolution of the kingdom of León, this article aims to adopt an approach to Leonese regionalism as a process fundamentally related to modernity. To do so, the phenomenon is placed within the general context in which regionalism emerged during the second phase of modernity, and its formation as a discourse is analysed: who its main actors are, the means by which they express themselves and the main symbolic resources they use.

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5

Muñiz-Cachón, Carmen. "Asturian." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 48, no. 2 (August 2, 2017): 231–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100317000202.

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Asturian (ISO 639), also known as Bable, Asturiano, Asturianu, Astur-Leonese or Leonese, is the vernacular language of Principality of Asturias, an autonomous community of just over one million inhabitants located in Northern Spain. Asturian is spoken by approximately 100,000 individuals within Asturias plus a few thousand more outside of this region. Historically, Astur-Leonese was spoken in parts of the Spanish provinces of León and Zamora and there are still remnants of it in Castilian Spanish. In addition, a variety of Asturian – called Mirandés – is currently spoken in the Portuguese province of Miranda de Douro, where it is a language co-official with Portuguese (Figure 1).

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6

Egido Fernández, María Cristina. "El morfema de anterioridad en el sistema verbal del antiguo leonés." Estudios Humanísticos. Filología, no. 16 (December 1, 1994): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehf.v0i16.4222.

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<p>El objetivo fundamental de este trabajo consiste en determinar qué formas verbales expresan el contenido de 'anterioridad' en el romance medieval leonés. El estudio se centra en documentación (textos notariales y Fueros) perteneciente en su mayoría al siglo XIII y procedente de distintas zonas del antiguo Reino de León. El corpus de textos sobre el que se basa consta de unos 850 documentos aproximadamente y el análisis de los mismos muestra que el antiguo romance leonés se caracteriza por una casi total ausencia de formas compuestas para expresar la Anterioridad. Son formas sintéticas como amé, amara, etc. las que sirven de expresión para los contenidos "he amado", "había amado", etc. Las pocas perífrasis que aparecen en los mismos se mantienen en una primera fase de evolución, es decir, presentan el verbo haber con el significado de "tener" e inciden en el resultado de la actividad expresada y no en la anterioridad.</p><p>The basic aim of this study is to determine which verbal forms express the content of "anteriority" in Leonese medieval romance. The study is centred on documentation (notarial texts and Fueros - a regional law code) from different arcas of the ancient Kingdom of León and belonging to the 13th century for the most part. The body of texts on which it is based consists of approximately 850 documents and their analysis shows that ancient Leonese romance is characterized by almost complete abscence of compound forms to express "anteriority". Synthetic forms such as amé, amara, etc. are used to express the content of "he amado", "había amado", etc. The few periphrases which appear are in their first evolutionary phase, that is, they use the verb haber with the same meaning as "tener" and refer to the result of the activity expressed rather than its anteriority.</p>

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7

Aller, J., F. Bastida, and N. C. Bobillo-Ares. "Mecanismos para la formación de foliaciones tectónicas superpuestas a pliegues: ejemplos en el orógeno varisco del NW de España Mechanisms for the formation of tectonic foliations superimposed on folds: examples in the Variscan orogen of NW Spain." Trabajos de Geología 36, no. 36 (September 12, 2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/tdg.36.2016.27-44.

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Resumen: En algunos sectores de las zonas Cantábrica y Asturoccidental-leonesa se ha desarrollado un clivaje incongruente con posterioridad a los principales pliegues variscos. Para su análisis se han considerado los siguientes mecanismos: anti-flexural flow, anti-deformación longitudinal tangencial inversa, deformación homogénea y deformación en las capas incompetentes por traslación de las competentes. Los tres primeros corresponden a mecanismos de plegamiento operando en sentido inverso. En la Zona Cantábrica, el mecanismo esencial de formación del clivaje incongruente es la deformación homogénea con máximo acortamiento subvertical. Cuando el clivaje tiene distinta orientación en los dos flancos, esta es probablemente debida a un plegamiento posterior, como lo indica la presencia frecuente de clivaje de crenulación. En el caso de la Zona Asturoccidental-leonesa, el clivaje incongruente tiene siempre distinta orientación en ambos flancos y su formación ha sido interpretada como debida a deformación en las capas incompetentes por traslación de las competentes a la que se superpone una deformación homogénea con dirección de máximo acortamiento paralela al plano axial.Palabras clave: clivaje, plegamiento, deformación, modelización de estructuras, Orógeno varisco.Abstract: In specific areas of the Cantabrian and Westasturian-Leonese zones, an oblique cleavage develops subsequently to the formation of the main Variscan folds. Several mechanisms have been considered for its analysis: anti-flexural flow, anti-tangential longitudinal strain, homogeneous strain and deformation of the incompetent layers by translation of the competent ones. The first three correspond to folding mechanisms operating in a reverse sense. In the Cantabrian Zone the main mechanism for the formation of the oblique cleavage is homogeneous strain with a subvertical maximum shortening. When the cleavage has a different orientation in both limbs, this is probably due to a subsequent folding event, as indicated by the common existence of crenulation cleavage. In the Westasturian-Leonese Zone the cleavage has always a different orientation in both limbs and its formation has been interpreted as a result of deformation of the incompetent layers by translation of the competent ones with a superposition of homogeneous strain with máximum shortening parallel to the axial plane.Keywords: cleavage, folding, strain, modelling of structures, Variscan orogeny.

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8

Vidal Álvarez, Sergio, Marie-Claire Savin, and Carole Biron. "«Opus artificum universa» estudio colorimétrico de la escultura románica en mármol del Museo Arqueológico Nacional: ejemplos de Galicia y León = «Opus Artificum Universa» Colorimetric Study of the Marble Romanesque Sculpture in the Museo Arqueológico Nacional: Examples from Galicia and León." Espacio Tiempo y Forma. Serie I, Prehistoria y Arqueología, no. 11 (December 11, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/etfi.11.2018.22384.

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El presente estudio da a conocer los resultados de los análisisno invasivosde colorimetría y espectroscopía de reflectancia visible llevados a cabo por primera vez sobre cinco ejemplos de escultura románica en mármol del Museo Arqueológico Nacional (Madrid) de procedencia gallega y leonesa. En concreto se han analizado dos columnas de San Paio de Antealtares (Santiago de Compostela), un parteluz de Vigo, y dos ejemplos procedentes del monasterio de San Benito de Sahagún (León).The present study reveals the results of the non-invasive analysis of colorimetry and visible reflectance spectroscopy, carried out for the first time to five examples of Spanish Romanesque marble sculpture from the National Archaeological Museum (Madrid, Spain) of Galician and Leonese origin. Specifically, two columns of San Paio de Antealtares (Santiago de Compostela), a mullion from Vigo, and two examples from the monastery of San Benito de Sahagún (León) have been analyzed.

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9

Behar, Ruth, and David Frye. "Property, Progeny, and Emotion: Family History in a Leonese Village." Journal of Family History 13, no. 1 (March 1988): 13–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/036319908801300102.

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10

Álvarez Maurín, María del Pilar. "El registro lingüístico especial de los documentos notariales medievales." Estudios Humanísticos. Filología, no. 15 (December 1, 1993): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehf.v0i15.4242.

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<p>La autora defiende la interpretación lingüística tradicional (Menéndez Pidal) de que los documentos notariales del Reino de León están escritos en latín. Asimismo está de acuerdo con Wright en que no es necesario postular la existencia de un «latín vulgar leonés», pero a diferencia de éste, considera que el lenguaje notarial es un registro especial cuyas pretensiones iban más allá de reflejar el romance cotidiano. En apoyo de su hipótesis analiza la producción escrita de una serie de notarios de los siglos IX al XII.</p><p>The writer defends the Menéndez Pidal's traditional linguistic interpretation on the language of the legal documents of the Kingdom of León as written in Latin. Moreover the writer agrees to Wright's the ory that it is not necessary to postulate the existence of a «leonese vulgar Latin», but differs from him in the sense that she considers that the notarial language was a special form whose purposes trascended the mere transcription of the colloquial Romance. To support her hypothesis she analyzes some legal documents from the IX to the XII centuries.</p>

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11

Llamazares Prieto, Teresa. "Topónimos documentados en el Libro de Apeos de Mansilla Mayor (León, 1746) / Place names documented in the Libro de Apeos of Mansilla Mayor (León, 1746)." Lletres Asturianes, no. 122 (March 20, 2020): 115–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/llaa.122.2020.115-144.

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El Llibru d’Apeos de Mansilla Mayor ye un documentu del sieglu XVIII, manuscritu nun tomu y curiáu na ilesia de la mesma localidá, onde se rexistren les llendes de toles posesiones de los habitantes d’aquel entós, incluyíes les de la mesma ilesia. Mansilla Mayor ye un conceyu de la provincia de Lleón, asitiáu na fastera o comarca conocida anguaño como Esla-Campos. Ente’l so patrimoniu arqueolóxico y monumental atópase l’asentamientu de la ciudá ástur y romana de Lancia y el monesteriu cisterciense de Santa María de Sandoval (sieglu XII). Llingüísticamente falando, la zona asítiase nel asturianolleonés central. Esti trabayu arrexunta tolos topónimos citaos nesi documentu y constata aquellos qu’inda güei son conocíos polos sos vecinos y que suponen un 35 o 40% de los documentados nesi manuscritu. Del analís del documentu constátase la presencia de formes toponímiques tradicionales (como Llama, Castro, prefixu so- y sobre-, abondancial en -al, caltenimientu del grupu -mb-, ente otres) lo que dexa algamar conclusiones rellacionaes con usos llingüísticos del antiguu dominiu ástur. Nesti sentíu, y en rellación al vocabulariu, ye interesante atopar documentaes voces con un usu anguaño desapaecíu dafechu o que ta en francu retrocesu, como les palabres ejido, ferreñal o ferrenal o dos abondanciales fitotoponímicos como olmar y ponjal. La concentración parcelaria de la zona y l’amenorgamientu esmolecedor de la población del conceyu faen urxente la coyida y documentación d’esi patrimoniu toponímicu en peligru de desapaición.Pallabres clave: llibros d’apeos; toponimia; sieglu XVIII, asturianolleonés central.The «Libro de Apeos» (i.e., Land Registry file) of Mansilla Mayor is an 18th century document, handwritten in one volume and kept in the town’s church, in which the boundary lines of all the land of the inhabitants of that time, including those of the church itself, are recorded. Mansilla Mayor is a town in the province of León, located in the Esla-Campos Leonese region. Among its archaeological and monumental heritage is the settlement of the Asturian and Roman city of Lancia and the Cistercian monastery of Santa María de Sandoval (12th century). Linguistically speaking, the area is located within the central Asturian-Leonese dialect. This paper compiles all the place-names cited in that document and verifies those that are still known by the town's residents, which are reduced to 35 or 40% of all the place-names documented in that manuscript. The analysis of the document demonstrates the existence of traditional toponymic forms (such as Llama, Castro, prefix so- and sobre-, abundant in -al, keeping the group -mb-, among others), which allows us to draw conclusions related to linguistic uses in the Old Leonese territory. In this sense, and in relation to vocabulary, it is interesting to find documented voices whose use has currently disappeared completely or is in frank retreat, such as the words ejido, ferreñal or ferrenal or two abundant phytoponimics such as olmar and ponjal. The combination of properties undergone in the area as well as the alarming decrease in the population of the municipality make the collection and documentation of this toponymic heritage that is in danger of disappearing urgent.Keywords: Land Registry Document; toponymy; 18th century, central Asturian-Leonese.

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12

Peña Arce, Jaime. "La complejidad dialectal de Cantabria." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 137, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 426–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2021-0017.

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Abstract In this article, the dialectal complexity of Cantabrian Spanish is shown through the traces left by the different stages of the yeísmo variation and change process, for which —for the first time— a systematic analysis is proposed. These linguistic varieties, which are part of the dialectal continuum that stretches across northern Spain, have a clear Leonese base, which has been altered by the incorporation of Castilian features, both dialectal and standard. The evolution of yeísmo in the region is a clear example of this trend.

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13

Powers, James F. "The Creative Interaction between Portuguese and Leonese Municipal Military Law, 1055 to 1279." Speculum 62, no. 1 (January 1987): 53–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2852566.

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14

Rabano, Isabel, Juan-Carlos Gutierrez-Marco, and Michel Robardet. "Upper Silurian Trilobitesof Bohemian affinities from the West Asturian-Leonese zone (NW Spain)." Geobios 26, no. 3 (January 1993): 361–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-6995(93)80027-o.

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15

Martín, Vicente, María J. Blasco, Martí Casals, Tania Fernández-Villa, Antonio J. Molina, Francisco V. Martínez, Arturo Martín, Klaus Langohr, and Carlos Ayán. "Incidence of injuries in competition of Leonese wrestling and associated factors (2005–2015)." Apunts. Medicina de l'Esport 53, no. 199 (July 2018): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2018.01.001.

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Feliciano, María Judith. "Sovereign, Saint, and City: Honor and Reuse of Textiles in the Treasury of San Isidoro (Leon)." Medieval Encounters 25, no. 1-2 (March 28, 2019): 96–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340040.

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Abstract The textiles currently housed in the treasury of the collegiate church of San Isidoro de León are part of a centuries-long process of collecting relics at the heart of an emblematic royal mausoleum. Instead of studying them through the prism of the “charter of 1063,” this investigation proposes a wider look at the place of luxurious textiles in Castile and León before and after the arrival of Saint Isidore’s relics. What emerges is an intricate relationship between the mythification of the city of León as a civitas regia, the Leonese monarchy’s concept of antiquity in legitimizing their rule, and the refinement associated with the royal court and its sacred performance of the cults of saints.

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Patton, Pamela A. "Demons and Diversity in León." Medieval Encounters 25, no. 1-2 (March 28, 2019): 150–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700674-12340042.

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Abstract This article examines a wall painting of the temptation of Saint Martin in the so-called Panteón de los Reyes of San Isidoro in León, focusing on its unorthodox portrayal of Satan as an Ethiopianized, dark-skinned figure wearing a robe reflective of Fatimid textile traditions. Tracing the scene’s divergent sources within the complex network of images, texts, and ideas then circulating in León, it argues that the unusually configured image constituted an innovative, intervisual response to the concerns of a palatine viewership that in the first decades of the twelfth century remained preoccupied with its own dynastic and political position, both within the Leonese kingdom and with reference to its wider European sphere.

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Egido Fernández, María Cristina. "Perífrasis verbales con infinitivo en documentación leonesa medieval." Estudios Humanísticos. Filología, no. 17 (December 15, 1995): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehf.v0i17.4109.

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<p>El objeto de este trabajo es analizar las perífrasis verbales con infinitivo que aparecen en documentación procedente de distintas zonas del antiguo Reino de León.</p><p>El estudio se centra en textos notariales, pertenecientes en su mayoría al S XIII, y concretamente en los más de 600 documentos que constituyen la Colección Diplomática del monasterio de Carrizo (León), aunque también se han tenido en cuenta Fueros y documentación de otras áreas leonesas, como Salamanca, Zamora o Asturias. Las perífrasis con infinitivo más abundantes son las que tienen un valor modal. Igualmente se registran perífrasis que indican un orden del proceso (acción no realizada, acción habitual o continuación), aunque son menos frecuentes. En definitiva, los valores que presentan estas perífrasis en la documentación leonesa no difieren prácticamente en nada de los que se dan en el castellano medieval. No obstante, es preciso tener en cuenta que nos hallarnos ante textos escritos de tipo notarial, con un estilo especial y con abundancia de fórmulas fijas, que sólo reflejarán mínimamente toda la variedad de perífrasis que podían darse en la lengua hablada, perífrasis que de hecho se mantienen en la actualidad en amplias áreas dialectales asturleonesas.</p><p>The aim of this paper is to analyze the verbal periphrases with infinitives that appear in documentation from different areas of the ancient Kingdom of León.</p><p>The study is centred on notarial texts mainly from the 13th century and, more specifically, on the over 600 documents that make up the Colección Diplomática del monasterio de Carrizo (León), although Fueros (codos of law) and documents from other Le onese areas like Salamanca, Zamora and Asturias have also been taken into consideration.</p><p>The most commonly occurring periphrases whith infinitives are those that have a modal value. There are also periphrases that indicate an order of process (action not carried out, habitual or continuing action), although they are less frequent. In short, the values presentad by these periphrases in Leonese clocumentation differ hardly at all from those that appear in medieval Castilian. However, it should be remembered that we refer to notarial texts, written in a special style that uses many fixed formula expressions. This reflects only minimally all the varieties of periphrases that could appear in the spoken language and which do, in fact, still appear in wide AsturianLeonese dialectal arcas nowadays.</p>

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Martín Sánchez, Vicente, Tania Fernández Villa, Carlos Ayán Pérez, Antonio José Molina de la Torre, Héctor García Robles, María José Álvarez Álvarez, and Miguel Delgado Rodríguez. "A success story: New rules and fewer injuries in traditional Leonese Wrestling (2006–2012)." Apunts. Medicina de l'Esport 48, no. 178 (April 2013): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2012.07.003.

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20

Drews, Wolfram. "Imperial Rule in Medieval Spain." Medieval History Journal 20, no. 2 (September 21, 2017): 288–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971945817718641.

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With the coronation of Alfonso VII of Léon and Castile as ‘emperor of all Spain’ in Toledo in 1135 the imperial aspirations of the Leonese kings reached a climax. Their origins, however, go back to the tenth century, when individual kings were called ‘imperator’ in charters. This article traces the origins of this tradition within the context of political history and outlines the phenomenon of imperial self-ascriptions on the Iberian Peninsula. While modern research traditionally focused on the question of whether or not the kings of León pursued an ‘imperial programme’ and, if they did, what fundamental ideas lay behind such a programme, this article proposes a different approach: by focusing on the interdependencies between Christian and Muslim powers, it argues that the coronation of Alfonso VII could have been a direct response to the proclamation of ‘Abd al-Mu’min as caliph of the Almohad Empire in 1132. A close analysis of the royal and imperial titles already used by Alfonso’s grandfather Alfonso VI shows that he imitated the traditional caliphal title to be ‘ruler of the faithful’, although religious references were not a traditional part of Christian imperial titles. By examining Leonese and Almohad imperial self-ascriptions, the article offers a model by which we can explore the ways in which neighbouring imperial powers influenced each other and developed competing claims to power. The article establishes that Christian use of imperial titles on the Iberian Peninsula came to an abrupt end once competition with Muslim rivals became obsolete. It underlines the importance of the individual context in which a title was used, a point that stands in stark contrast to the received view that there was an unchanging ‘conceptual core’ to the notion of ‘empire’ as it was used by the peninsula’s kings. The article also highlights the hegemonic connotations of imperial notions in medieval Iberia and the importance of a motif of rulership that included subjects of both Christian and Muslim belief.

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García Prieto, Beatriz. "Mujeres adelantadas a su tiempo: las leonesas en la Residencia de Señoritas (1915-1936) = Ahead of their Time: Leonese Women in the Residence for Young Ladies (1915-1936)." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 11–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7008.

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ResumenLa Residencia de Señoritas de Madrid fue una institución heredera de los principios krausistas e institucionistas y dirigida por María de Maeztu, creada en el seno de la Junta de Ampliación de Estudios (JAE) en 1915 con el propósito de facilitar a las mujeres, independientemente de su origen o incluso de su posición social, el acceso a las enseñanzas universitarias, al mundo de la cultura y a una buena formación intelectual y moral. Las leonesas, a pesar de proceder de una provincia eminentemente rural y conservadora, fueron un colectivo relevante dentro de la Residencia de Señoritas, no solo en número (103 contabilizadas), sino también por su nivel académico y profesional. Encontraremos entre estas mujeres a estudiantes universitarias de Medicina, Farmacia, Ciencias Exactas, Ciencias Químicas, Filosofía y Letras, Derecho o Pedagogía. Algunas de ellas obtuvieron becas de la JAE para formarse en el extranjero, cuyos principales destinos fueron Francia, los Estados Unidos y Bélgica. No obstante, otras leonesas acudieron a la Residencia para preparar oposiciones a puestos en la administración, para realizar estudios musicales o recibir clases de cultura general, o para acudir al Instituto-Escuela, con el objetivo de conseguir el título de Bachiller.AbstractHeir to the principles of Krausism and institucionism, the Residence for Young Ladies of Madrid was an institution founded by María de Maeztu in October 1915. It was created within the Board for Advanced Studies and Scientific Research (referred to by its Spanish acronym JAE), whose purpose was to make access to university easier, bring culture closer and provide good intellectual and moral training for women, regardless of their origin or even their social status. Leonese women, despite being from a rural and conservative province, were an important group within the Residence for Young Ladies, not only in number (103 have been recorded) but also because of their academic and professional skills. Among these women, university students of Medicine, Pharmacy, Exact Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Arts, Law or Pedagogy can be found. Some of them were awarded scholarships from the JAE to pursue further education abroad, mainly in France, the United States and Belgium. Nevertheless, other women from León went to the Residence for the purpose of preparing exams to work in the public administration, completing their musical studies or taking general knowledge lessons, as well as attending the Instituto-Escuela in order to receive a certificate of secondary education.

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Álvarez Álvarez, César. "Publicaciones recientes de Historia Medieval leonesa." Estudios humanísticos, no. 1 (October 21, 2020): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/eh.v0i1.6354.

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La historiografia medieval leonesa de nuestro tiempo cuenta desde hace bastantes años con una cumplida investigación histórica. Diversos momentos han sido claves para su desarrollo publicistico en las últimas décadas.En primer lugar, la llegada a León del obispo don Luis Almarcha. Él significó la fundación, el 24 de septiembre de 1945, del "Centro de Estudios e Investigación San Isidoro", organismo del que parte la empresa de echar a andar una revista: "Archivos Leoneses", que inicia su singladura a partir del año 47.Desde este momento, León y su Reino cuentan con un órgano especializado de Estudios Medievales que ininterrumpidamente viene ocupándose de la temática leonesa y especialmente de dos aspectos de su pasado: el monástico y el religioso.

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Rodríguez Guerra, Ana Cristina. "La represión económica: los maestros leoneses ante la incautación de bienes durante la Guerra Civil (1936-1939) = Economic Repression: Leonese Teachers Facing Property Confiscation during the Civil War." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7009.

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ResumenEste artículo analiza el proceso de incautación de bienes desarrollado en la provincia de León entre 1937 y 1939. León fue ocupada por las tropas de Franco durante las primeras semanas de la contienda. Esta situación favoreció la implantación de un siste-ma represivo pensado para la eliminación de la disidencia política. En este contexto, los maestros fueron sometidos a un proceso para acabar con todos aquellos que mostraban ideas contrarias a las del nuevo régimen. Por ello, los maestros fueron asesinados, tortura-dos, encarcelados y depurados. Todos estos castigos fueron com-plementados por la represión económica ejercida por la Comisión Provincial de Incautación de Bienes de León.AbstractThis article discusses the process of confiscation of property in León between 1937 and 1939. León was occupied by Franco’s troops during the first weeks of the war. This situation favored the implantation of a repressive system to eliminate political dissent. In this context, school teachers were put under purge, looking for eradicating opposite ideas and customs within the Franco regime out. They were killed, tortured, imprisoned, and purged. These punishments were complemented by the economic repression de-veloped by the Provincial Commissions of Property Confiscation

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Herrero-Hernández, Antonio, Fernando Gómez-Fernández, and Francisco Javier López-Moro. "Upper Cretaceous marine-continental transition (Leonese Area, NW Spain) defined from integrated outcrop and seismic stratigraphy." Geological Journal 50, no. 1 (August 8, 2013): 39–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.2525.

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Álvarez Domínguez, Juan Miguel. "Cuanto más grande, mejor. [La Diputación Leonesa y las Mancomunidades (1914)]." Estudios Humanísticos. Historia, no. 6 (December 1, 2007): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehh.v0i6.3102.

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El Real Decreto de Mancomunidades de 1913 abrió un debate en las instancias políticas leonesas sobre la posibilidad de mancomunarse. Los particularismos que se han suscitado en León se ponen de manifiesto ya en 1914 en un acuerdo de la Diputación en el que se apuesta por una mancomunidad Castellano Leonesa

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Hidalgo-Argüello, M. R., N. Díez Baños, J. Fregeneda Grandes, and E. Prada Marcos. "PARASITOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF LEONESE ROYALTY FROM COLLEGIATE-BASILICA OF ST. ISIDORO, LEÓN (SPAIN): HELMINTHS, PROTOZOA, AND MITES." Journal of Parasitology 89, no. 4 (August 2003): 738–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1645/0022-3395(2003)089[0738:paolrf]2.0.co;2.

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Carrera de la Red, María Fátima. "Expresiones idiomáticas populares en una zona leonesa, manifestación de un autentico "genero de habla"." Estudios Humanísticos. Filología, no. 29 (December 1, 2007): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehf.v0i29.2813.

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Incluimos una selección de expresiones idiomáticas (locuciones, comparaciones fijas y paremias) recogidas en Villacalabuey, al sureste de León, con la intención de recuperar del pasado un verdadero género de habla, cuyo interés es múltiple tanto desde el punto de vista filológico como sociocultural, pues muestra un estilo de vida, pensamiento y costumbres en esta zona leonesa. Clasificamos las expresiones idiomáticas en distintos grupos según aspectos formales y semánticos, lo que permite poner de relieve su valor transcultural, ya que en buena parte transcienden los límites estrictamente leoneses

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van Loevezijn, Gerard B. S., and J. G. M. Raven. "Facies patterns and depositional processes in two Frasnian mixed siliciclastic-carbonate systems in the Cantabrian Mountains, northwest Spain." Geologos 26, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logos-2020-0001.

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AbstractRelative sea level fluctuations during the Frasnian generated two shallow-marine, mixed siliciclastic-carbonate successions in the Devonian Asturo-Leonese Basin. Each system represents a third-order sequence-stratigraphical unit deposited in the same basin during comparable extreme greenhouse conditions without nearby fluvial entry points. Depositional control on the siliciclastic and carbonate distribution was driven by relative sea level fluctuations, basin geometry, availability of sand and the way sediment was distributed by shelf currents. Early Variscan flexural bending of the continental crust changed the basin shape from a shelf with a gradual profile and low dip (early Frasnian) towards a shelf with a steep depositional dip (late Frasnian). Shelf distribution changed from along-shelf transport (early Frasnian) towards offshore-directed gravity flows (late Frasnian). As a consequence, siliciclastic-carbonate distribution changed from a predominance of skeletal carbonate in the proximal shoreface – foreshore area and siliciclastic predominance distally (early Frasnian), to a distribution pattern with proximal shoreface skeletal carbonates, offshore muddy carbonates and a siliciclastic zone in between where gravity flows distributed the siliciclastic sediment down dip (late Frasnian).

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Aller, Jesús, Fernando Bastida, and Nilo C. Bobillo-Ares. "On the development of kink-bands: A case study in the Westasturian-Leonese Zone (Variscan belt, NW Spain)." BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 191 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2020003.

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A field analysis of kink bands developed in slates from three areas (Grandas, Boal and Luarca areas) of the Westasturian-Leonese Zone (Iberian Variscan belt) is presented. The analysis of the main parameters that characterize the geometry of the studied kink bands shows that those of the Grandas and Luarca areas exhibit a different evolution than those of the Boal area. In this latter area, the interlimb angle of the kink bands has lower values than those developed in the former areas and it involves rotation of the foliation inside and outside the band. In the areas with higher bulk shortening associated with the development of kink bands, chevron folds formed by juxtaposition of kink bands. Slip between folia and their rotation was probably the dominant mechanism in the formation of the kink bands, as deduced from the different values of the angle between the kink plane and the foliation inside (φK) and outside (φ) the band, and the occurrence of fractures along the kink planes and small steps between folia cross-cutting these fractures planes. The fractures along the kink planes prevented subsequent hinge migration. Geometrical analysis of kink bands formed by slip between folia and their rotation provides an estimation of the changes in area and thickness, and the strain inside the kink band. For angles of folia rotation ψ < 50°, the ratio between the strain ellipse axes is < 3 inside the band; this ratio is almost independent of the orientation of the kink planes with respect to the foliation outside the band (angle φ).

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Pérez, Mariel. "El control de lo sagrado como instrumento de poder: los monasterios particulares de la aristocracia altomedieval leonesa." Anuario de Estudios Medievales 42, no. 2 (November 29, 2012): 799–822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/aem.2012.42.1.05.

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Cuevas, Iván. ""Pizarro al amo": un texto desconocíu en llionés del sieglo XIX = "Pizarro al amo": an unknown Leonese language text of the 19th century." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7014.

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Resume:Nesti trabayu publícase “Pizarro al amo”, un texto satíricu en llionés aparecíu nel 1879 nel periódicu El Porvenir de León y ignoráu polos estudios de literatura asturllionesa hasta hoi. Pa entender la importancia d’esti descubrimientu, ofrezse un repasu pola literatura n’asturllionés occidental del sieglo XIX, con especial atención a los pocos textos conservaos de Llión. A continuación, sitúase la obra nel so contexto históricu, periodísticu y políticu, presentando una hipótesis d’identificación d’ún de los personaxes criticaos. Complétase’l trabayu con un análisis lingüísticu qu’asitia la variedá usada en texto y afonda en delles de les sos característiques.Abstract:This paper publishes “Pizarro al amo”, a satyrical Leonese language text that appeared in 1879 in the newspaper El Porvenir de León and was unknown until now to the Asturleonese literature studies. In order to understand the importance of this finding, a review of 19th century literature in Western Asturleonese is made, with particular attention to the few texts from León that are preserved. Subsequently, this literary work is placed in its historical, journalistic and political context, with a thesis on the identification of one of the characters criticised in the text. Finally, a linguistic analysis is done, locating the variety of language used in the text and delving into some of its characteristics.

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Dacosta, Arsenio, and Juan Andrés Blanco. "Las asociaciones castellanas y leonesas en América como 'comunidades de memoria'." Americanía: Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos, no. 12 (December 21, 2020): 25–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.46661/americania.5157.

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Este artículo analiza las asociaciones fundadas por emigrantes castellanos y leoneses en América como ‘comunidades de memoria’, esto es, grupos humanos que se reconocen como afines en atención a un origen común percibido, en este caso, en relación con una región española de origen, Castilla y León. Para ello se analizan los símbolos y prácticas sociales que se desarrollan en las sedes asociativas como elemento central de dicha vinculación junto con la adscripción fundacional a una determinada localidad o provincia de aquella región. En este plano de resignificación han jugado un papel importante las relaciones establecidas con algunas instituciones españolas, como la universidad, las entidades locales o las instituciones regionales, mediadoras en la conformación de una ‘ciudadanía castellana y leonesa en el exterior’. En este sentido se discute hasta qué punto dicha ‘ciudadanía’ puede considerarse una ‘comunidad transnacional’.

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Bartolomé Pérez, Nicolás. "Bruxas y meigas andan xuntas. Mitoloxía y realidá de la bruxería llionesa = Witches and sorceresses walk together. Mythology and reality of leonese witchcraft." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i1.6158.

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<p class="Pa8"><strong>Resume</strong><br /><br />El presente trabayu estudia la figura de la bruxa na rexón llionesa analizando las suas manifestaciones na tradición oral, especialmente las distintas tipoloxías de liendas que protagonizan, pues la imaxe d’estos personaxes fantásticos en Llión, al igual qu’ocurre n’outros territorios ibéricos, parez conformada sobre antiguas creyencias mitolóxicas relativas a númenes femininos nocturnos que s’asimiloron al estereotipu de la bruxa satánica que xurdíu a finales de la Edá Media.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><br /><br /></p><p class="Pa8">The present work studies the figure of the witch in the region of León by analysing its manifestations in the oral tradition, especially the different typologies of legends in which they play a leading role, since the portrayal of these fantastic characters in León, as in other Iberian territories, seems shaped by ancient mythological beliefs related to nocturnal female numina that were assimilated to the stereotype of the satanic witch that arose at the end of the Middle Ages.</p>

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Alonso Benito, Javier. "La demanda de Francisco del Real y la defensa de Diego Martínez: un posible desencadenante del cambio en la platería leonesa del último tercio del siglo XVIII." De Arte. Revista de Historia del Arte, no. 19 (November 10, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/da.v0i19.6240.

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<p>En 1768 se produjo una situación sin precedentes en el ámbito de la platería leonesa: Francisco del Real, uno de los artífices activos en la ciudad, solicitó ante el corregidor intendente el cese de toda la actividad de las platerías leonesas por considerar que su ejercicio se estaba desarrollando de forma inadecuada. Ante esta circunstancia, una serie de plateros activos en la capital se unieron, dando su poder a un procurador, para hacer frente a esta situación. Estos movimientos desencadenaron cambios de carácter organizativo materializados en la implantación del examen oficial, un verdadero sistema de selección para los aspirantes a obtener el magisterio de este arte.</p>

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Martínez Morán, Minerva. "Música contemporánea para un instrumento antiguo: "Cuadernos para el órgano Echevarría de Santa Marina la Real de León" (2000-2013) = Contemporary music for an ancient instrument: "Cuadernos para el órgano Echevarría de Santa Marina la Real de León" (2000-2013)." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 1 (May 24, 2020): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i1.6161.

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<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>El órgano conservado en la Iglesia de Santa Marina La Real de León constituye uno de los tesoros del patrimonio leonés más valiosos. Desde su construcción hasta su actual ubicación y uso, los acontecimientos históricos han forjado su identidad a través de mutilaciones, cambios y restauraciones. Tras un paréntesis de más de doscientos años, el <em>Proyecto Órgano Ibérico Siglo XXI</em> comenzó una labor de recuperación de instrumentos a través de este maravilloso órgano barroco. En la primera parte de este artículo hemos tratado de situar los antecedentes de la parroquia y el instrumento, exponiendo sus características y peculiaridades, así como su contexto social, histórico y cultural. Dentro de este apartado resulta ineludible hablar del maestro organero Pedro de Liborna y Echevarría, constructor del instrumento. En la segunda parte del texto nos hemos centrado en el proyecto de recopilación y edición musical llevado a cabo a través de los <em>Cuadernos para el Órgano Echevarría de Santa Marina La Real de León</em>, cuyo impulsor, Adolfo Gutiérrez Viejo (1934-2019) fue una pieza fundamental para la trascendental, aunque efímera, trayectoria del proyecto.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The organ preserved in the Church of Santa Marina La Real in León constitutes one of the most valuable treasures of the Leonese heritage. From its construction to its current location and use, historical events have forged its identity through mutilations, changes and restorations. After a period of more than two hundred years, the<em> Iberian Organ Project 21th Century</em> began a work of recovering instruments through this wonderful baroque organ. In the first part of this article, we have tried to situate the background of the parish and the instrument, exposing its characteristics and peculiarities, as well as its social, histor- ical and cultural context. Within this section, it is unavoidable to speak about the organ builder Pedro de Liborna y Echevarría, creator of the instrument. In the second part of the text we have focused on the project of compilation and musical edition carried out through the <em>Booklets for the Organ Echevarría de Santa Marina La Real de León, </em>whose impeller, Adolfo Gutiérrez Viejo (1934-2019) was a fundamental piece for the successful, although ephemeral, trajectory of the project.</p>

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Alonso González, Pablo, and Juan-Miguel Álvarez Domínguez. "Leonese Migration and the Role of Migrants in Acculturation Processes: A Historical-ethnographic Approach to the Case of Val de San Lorenzo (León, Spain)." Revue européenne des migrations internationales 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 121–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/remi.7124.

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Catalan, J. R. Martinez, M. P. Hacar Rodriguez, P. Villar Alonso, A. Perez-Estaun, and F. Gonzalez Lodeiro. "Lower Paleozoic extensional tectonics in the limit between the West Asturian-Leonese and Central Iberian Zones of the Variscan Fold-Belt in NW Spain." Geologische Rundschau 81, no. 2 (June 1992): 545–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01828614.

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Fernández-Suárez, Javier, Gabriel Gutiérrez-Alonso, George A. Jenner, and Simon E. Jackson. "Geochronology and geochemistry of the Pola de Allande granitoids (northern Spain): their bearing on the Cadomian-Avalonian evolution of northwest Iberia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 35, no. 12 (December 1, 1998): 1439–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e98-074.

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The Pola de Allande pre-Variscan tonalite-granodiorite plutons are located in the Narcea Antiform, at the boundary zone between the Cantabrian and west Asturian Leonese zones of the Iberian Variscan belt. These granitoids were intruded into a Neoproterozoic siliciclastic sedimentary sequence with subordinate volcanic intercalations and were subsequently overprinted by Variscan thrust-related shear deformation. U-Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) dating of zircons from two plutons yielded concordant ages of intrusion of 605 ± 10 and 580 ± 15 Ma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported U-Pb Cadomian-Avalonian age for igneous rocks in this section of the Iberian Variscan belt. These intrusions are coeval with the main episode of dominantly calc-alkaline magmatic activity related to Cadomian-Avalonian subduction. Major and trace element composition of the granitoids is characteristic of I-type high-K calc-alkaline granitoids generated in continental arc settings, and are comparable to those of coeval granitoids in other areas of the Cadomian-Avalonian belt. Sr and Nd isotopic signatures indicate that the genesis of the Pola de Allande granitoids involved either mixing of mantle melts of Cadomian extraction with an older enriched crust (Eburnean-Icarthian, i.e., ca. 2 Ga old crust) or melting of a mafic infracrustal protolith with a Grenville age (ca. 1.2 Ga) mantle extraction. The Neoproterozoic sediments, hosting the Pola de Allande granitoids and present in large areas of northwest Iberia, may represent the back-arc basin of the subduction complex in which the Avalon composite terrane constituted the main magmatic arc.

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Rebollo Gutiérrez, Carmen. "Maese Nicolás Francés: su obra y estilo. Estado de la cuestión." De Arte. Revista de Historia del Arte, no. 6 (February 4, 2015): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/da.v0i6.1529.

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Nicolás Francés, autor de una de las mayores empresas artísticas de finales de la Edad Media: la obra mural que ocupa los muros del claustro catedralicio leonés, se da a conocer a través de los investigadores que se han involucrado en el estudio de su personalidad artística. Desde este artículo se propone una revisión crítica de esta historiografía, punto de arranque para un posterior trabajo de investigación de su obra mural. La importancia que tuvo la obra del pintor Nicolás Francés en la pintura leonesa de la décimoquinta centuria justifica el interés de una producción artística, compleja por su riqueza formal e iconográfica, así como por ser uno de los pocos representantes del gótico internacional en el ámbito castellanoleonés.

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Álvarez Cárcamo, David. "El "Padrenuestro pequeñín" y otros ensalmos, dichos y oraciones. Consideraciones sobre la pervivencia de la tradición oral leonesa en algunas encuestas recientes = “Padrenuestro pequeñin” and other Incantations, Sayings and Prayers. Considerations on the Survival of the Leonese oral Tradition in some recent Surveys." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7010.

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ResumenNormalmente una misma tradición oral se manifiesta de distintas formas, las variantes, algunas de las cuales han sido poco estudiadas por los investigadores. Sin embargo, debe atenderse a estas composiciones porque mantienen elementos que sirven para abrir caminos en el análisis de los cauces y del funcionamiento de la transmisión de la tradición oral en distintas áreas geográficas. A su vez, en muchas de estas creaciones literarias perviven elementos lingüísticos perdidos ya en el habla común de los transmisores, elementos que pueden contribuir a completar diferentes mapas de isoglosas. En este artículo se ejemplifican ambas líneas de investigación con muestras de varios tipos de literatura oral, pero se fija la atención especialmente en una colección de versiones inéditas de la oración titulada Padrenuestro pequeñín.AbstractNormally the same oral tradition reveals itself in different ways, the variations, some of which have barely been studied by field researchers. However, we must take these compositions into account because they keep helpful elements to open new paths for the analysis of the procedures and transmission of the oral tradition in different geographical areas. At the same time, in many of these literary creations, some linguistic elements that are already lost in the common speech of the transmitters still remain: these afore-mentioned elements may contribute to complete different maps of isoglosses. This article shows examples of both research lines, with certain samples of different types of oral literature, though focused primarily on a collection of previously unpublished versions of the prayer called “Padrenuestro pequeñin”.

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Koch, Stefan. "Desde scriptae leonesas a scriptae castellanas en el fondo documental del monasterio de San Pedro de Eslonza. Grafías romances y, ll y j, i para lat. -Li-, diacronía, difusión léxica y factores de frecuencia." Philologia hispalensis 1, no. 33 (2019): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/ph.2019.v33.i01.05.

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Jimeno, Vanessa. "De pleitos, comisiones y eruditos: la historia de la «Cueva del Cubo» de Rueda del Almirante (León)." De Arte. Revista de Historia del Arte, no. 10 (February 20, 2014): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/da.v0i10.1028.

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<p>A lo largo del margen derecho del valle medio del Esla se extiende una serie de conjuntos excavados de excepcional importancia para entender la arquitectura sustractiva altomedieval en territorio leonés, y aun en el hispano. A pesar de que a principios del siglo pasado gozaron de la atención de algunos miembros de las Comisiones de Monumentos Históricos y Artísticos, así como de la curiosidad de algunos eruditos locales, hoy, ya languidecientes, apenas han suscitado interés dentro de la comundiad científica.</p><p>El presente estudio pretende centrarse en el espacio excavado en la localidad leonesa de Rueda del Almirante por tratarse del más desconocido y arruinado de todos ellos, además de constituir un auténtico paradigma de la arquitectura excavada.</p>

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Ugidos, J. M., J. M. Sánchez-Santos, P. Barba, and M. I. Valladares. "Upper Neoproterozoic series in the Central Iberian, Cantabrian and West Asturian Leonese Zones (Spain): Geochemical data and statistical results as evidence for a shared homogenised source area." Precambrian Research 178, no. 1-4 (April 2010): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2010.01.009.

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D'Angelo, Lorenzo. "WHO OWNS THE DIAMONDS? THE OCCULT ECO-NOMY OF DIAMOND MINING IN SIERRA LEONE." Africa 84, no. 2 (April 9, 2014): 269–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001972013000752.

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ABSTRACTMuch of the literature on Sierra Leonean diamonds focuses on the role that this mineral resource played in the recent civil conflict (1991–2002). However, the political-economic perspective that is common to these analyses has lost sight of the main actors in this social reality. What do miners think of diamonds? Like their Malagasy colleagues engaged in the search for sapphires, the Sierra Leonean diamond miners often maintain that they do not know what diamonds could possibly be used for. What is specific to the diamond mining areas in this West African country is that suspicions and fantasies about the uses of diamonds go hand in hand with the idea that these precious stones belong to invisible spiritual entities known locally as djinns ordεbul dεn. Although this article aims to analyse the occult imaginary of diamond miners, it takes a different stand from the occult economies approach. By combining a historical-imaginative perspective with a historical and ecological one, this article intends to highlight the indissoluble interweaving of material and imaginative processes of artisanal diamond production in the context of Sierra Leone's mines.

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Rodríguez Díaz, Elena E. "Carreteros y arrieros de Sajambre. El intercambio de mercancías en la montaña oriental leonesa (SS. XVI-XVIII)." Estudios Humanísticos. Historia, no. 14 (July 12, 2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ehh.v0i14.4091.

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Se analiza la carretería y el transporte con acémilas de mediana y larga<br />distancia que desarrollaron los habitantes del municipio leonés de Sajambre en los siglos<br />XVI, XVII y XVIII, mediante el estudio de las vías de comunicación utilizadas, las rutas y<br />destinos frecuentados, los medios de transporte y las mercancías. Entre otras aportaciones,<br />se proporciona la fecha más antigua de introducción y cultivo del maíz en la provincia de<br />León (1616); se documenta el tránsito por el Camino Real del Oriente, cuya trayectoria se<br />reconstruye; se atestiguan los viajes de los sajambriegos, con carros y con rocines, desde la<br />costa Cantábrica hasta la Sierra de Gredos; se amplía la relación de productos con los que<br />comerciaban los leoneses del siglo XVII

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Grochowski, Grzegorz. "Ubi Leones." Teksty Drugie 1 (7), Special Issue English Edition (2015): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18318/td.2015.en.1.1.

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Casado Lobato, Concha. "La joyería popular leonesa." Revista de Dialectología y Tradiciones Populares 51, no. 2 (December 30, 1996): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/rdtp.1996.v51.i2.344.

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Pedrosa, José Manuel. "David Álvarez Cárcamo. La tradición oral leonesa: antología sonora del romancer. Cátedra de Estudios Leonesas-Universidad de León, 2019." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7015.

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Bartolomé Pérez, Nicolás. "Los rexímenes xurídico-lingüísticos del asturllionés: estudiu comparativu del tratamientu legal del mirandés, el llionés y l’asturianu = The legal regulations of Asturleonese: a comparative study of the legal treatment of Mirandese, Leonese and Asturian." Añada: revista d'estudios llioneses, no. 2 (March 22, 2021): 97–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/ana.v0i2.7013.

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ResumeNesti artículu faise un estudiu comparativu de las normativas que s’aplican a la protección del asturllionés nos distintos territorios onde se fala, de Portugal (Miranda de l Douro) y d’España (Principáu d’Asturias y Castiella y Llión)AbstractThis article makes a comparative study of the legal regulations that are applied to the protection of Asturleonese in the different territories where it is spoken in Portugal (Miranda do Douro) and in Spain (Principality of Asturias and Castile and Leon).

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Mastrocinque, Attilio. "The Mithraic praesepia as Dining Beds." Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 58, no. 1-4 (December 2018): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/068.2018.58.1-4.25.

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Summary A mithraeum always has long benches, which were called praesepiae, “places where cattle are fed in a stall” (CIMRM 233). The name is inappropriate for a dining room, which was usually called, instead, triclinium. Mithraeum is the current modern name, whereas the ancients called it spelaeum, antrum, templum. Another important name was Leonteum, which was not a separate cultic place for Leones only, because Porphyry states that the members of a Mithraic community were the Leones and the servants were called Korakes, the Ravens (Porphyr. de abst. 4. 16). The Mithraic menu apparently consisted of meat rather than of vegetables, even though one should take into account the fact that bones are better preserved than vegetables in an archaeological site, and therefore they are often published, whereas vegetal remains had never been investigated by means of chemical analyses. Lions are notoriously carnivorous and the praesepiae had to be filled with meat for the Leones. The initiation of Leones was supposed to be dry and fiery (Tert. Adv. Marcionem I 13), and we are also told that the Mithraic Leones avoided water for their purifications and washed their hands with honey (Porph. De antro 15–16). Moreover, a lion and a snake are often depicted on Mithraic reliefs as going to drink from a crater. It is possible to get some information from those facts about what Leones were used to drinking during their symposia: they were thirsty but their drink could not be water, but eventually, wine was permitted. Iustin. Apol. I 66 speaks of a cup of water, but only to mention some ritual acts during initiations and not during symposia.

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