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Journal articles on the topic 'Leprosy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Kahawita, Indira P., Stephen L. Walker, and Diana N. J. Lockwood. "Leprosy type 1 reactions and erythema nodosum leprosum." Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 83, no. 1 (2008): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0365-05962008000100010.

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Leprosy reactions are a major cause of nerve damage and morbidity in a significant proportion of leprosy patients. Reactions are immunologically mediated and can occur even after successful completion of multi-drug therapy. This review focuses on the epidemiology, pathology and treatment of leprosy type 1 reactions, erythema nodosum leprosum and silent neuropathy.

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2

Karna, Ni Luh Putu Ratih Vibriyanti, and Luh Made Mas Rusyati. "When leprosy takes an unexpected turn: A case of vasculonecrotic type 2 leprosy reaction in a child." Bali Medical Journal 13, no. 3 (2024): 1482–84. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v13i3.5468.

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Background: The prevalence of leprosy among children is crucial for determining the disease's spread to the broader population. In rare cases, individuals with lepromatous and borderline lepromatous leprosy may develop necrotizing erythema nodosum leprosum as a type 2 reaction. This case report will discuss a rare occurrence of vasculonecrotic ENL in a child to improve understanding of the spectrum of leprosy and its management especially in the paediatric population. Case: A 14-year-old boy presented with complaints of reddish, painful nodules and ulcers accompanied by fever, joint pain, and

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3

Soni, N. K. "Leprosy of the larynx." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 106, no. 6 (1992): 518–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002221510012002x.

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AbstractThe result of a study conducted on 30 patients of lepromatous leprosy regarding laryngeal involvement is presented. The incidence of leprous laryngitis is 36.6 per cent in this part of India in lepromatous leprosy patients. Leprosy is long standing disease so laryngeal lesions developed gradually and may be asymptomatic in some cases while others have been found to have variety of clinical manifestation in form of congestion, infiltration, nodulation, thickening and fibrosis. Anti-leprosy chemotherapy is equally effective on these lesions. A screening survey of laryngeal pathology in s

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Rasyid, Muhammad, and Nasrullah Wilutono. "Implementasi Home Carepada Pasien Kusta Di Desa Bitahan Kecamatan Lok Paikat Kabupaten Tapin Kalimantan Selatan." Jurnal Skala Kesehatan 13, no. 1 (2022): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31964/jsk.v13i1.342.

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Leprosy is an infectious disease that causes very complex problems. The problem in question is not only from a medical point of view but also extends to social, economic, cultural, security and resilience issues. Stigma in the community is still a major obstacle in an effort to break the chain of leprosy transmission. . The irregularity of treatment and the disappearance of people with leprosy have an impact on the failure of leprosy prevention. In addition, people affected by leprosy and families with leprosy as care givers do not receive proper direction and evaluation regarding their roles

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Nascimento, Osvaldo J. M. "Leprosy neuropathy: clinical presentations." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 71, no. 9B (2013): 661–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20130146.

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Leprosy is a chronic infectious peripheral neuropathy caused by Mycobacterium leprae. The different clinical presentations of the disease are determined by the quality of the host immune response. Early detection of leprosy and treatment by multidrug therapy are the most important steps in preventing deformity and disability. Thus the early recognition of the clinical leprosy presentation is essential. Mononeuritis, mononeuritis multiplex (MM), polyneuritis (MM summation) are the most frequent. The frequent anesthetic skin lesions are absent in the pure neuritic leprosy presentation form. Isol

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6

Reddy, S. C., and B. D. Raju. "Ocular Lesions in the Inmates of Leprosy Rehabilitation Centre." International Journal of Biomedical Science 2, no. 3 (2006): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.59566/ijbs.2006.2289.

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A detailed eye examination of 145 inmates of a leprosy rehabilitation centre was done to determine the prevalence of ocular involvement. Age, gender of patients, type and duration of leprosy, systemic disabilities were noted. The mean age of patients was 45.8 years (range 19-70 years); 72.4% were males; 55.2% were suffering from paucibacillary leprosy. The mean duration of leprosy was 18.2 years in multibacillary type and 13.1 years in paucibacillary type. Ocular lesions related to leprosy were seen in 85.5% of patients; more often in multibacillary leprosy (92.3%). Corneal changes (80.7%) wer

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7

Girardi, Pauline Dias Soares, Bruno de Carvalho Dornelas, Hugo Hatanaka, Caio Oliveira Sena, Marcelo Campos Rocha, and Isabela Maria Bernardes Goulart. "Atypical dermatofibroma simulating hansenoma." Hansenologia Internationalis: hanseníase e outras doenças infecciosas 49 (August 27, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47878/hi.2024.v49.40196.

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Introduction: dermatofibroma is a benign mesenchymal lesion of uncertain etiology, centered in the dermis, with fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation. The atypical variant can mimic superficial sarcoma histologically. Objective: to describe the clinical and histopathological findings of atypical dermatofibroma in a patient undergoing treatment for leprosy with multiple therapeutic failures. Case Description: the report concerns a 39-year-old woman with multiple therapeutic failures for Virchowian leprosy, who developed an atypical dermatofibroma on the upper limb, which clinically resem

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8

Falus, Orsolya. "Leprosy – a stigmata in the 21st century." Orvosi Hetilap 152, no. 7 (2011): 246–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/oh.2011.29038.

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For the initiation of the French journalist Raoul Follereau in 1954 the UNO inaugurated the Leprosy Day (Martyr’s Day) that is celebrated on the last Sunday of January every year. Although the bacterium that causes leprosy was isolated by the Norwegian scientist Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen in 1873 and from 1982 this disease can be cured with a special pharmaceutical complex, still 219.826 new leprous are detected on Earth every year, according to the data published in August, 2010 by WHO-experts. Ancient Chinese and Hindu source-strings from 600 B. C. are referring to leprosy, however, the d

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9

Putri, Annisa Ika, Kevin de Sabbata, Regitta I. Agusni, et al. "Understanding leprosy reactions and the impact on the lives of people affected: An exploration in two leprosy endemic countries." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 6 (2022): e0010476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010476.

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Background Leprosy reactions, Type-1 and erythema nodosum leprosum, are immune-mediated complications of leprosy, which play a significant role in the morbidity associated with the disease. A considerable amount of literature has been published on the impact of leprosy in general but few studies focus specifically on leprosy reactions. This study aimed to investigate the impact of leprosy reactions on physical, psychological, and social aspects of the lives of people affected by analysing their life experiences and perspectives about leprosy reactions. Methods/Principal findings This qualitati

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10

Koesbardiati, Toetik. "LEPRA PADA SISA RANGKA MANUSIA DARI LEWOLEBA: RELEVANSINYA TERHADAP SEJARAH PENGHUNIAN INDONESIA." Berkala Arkeologi 31, no. 2 (2011): 89–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.30883/jba.v31i2.387.

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Leprosy is a chronic, mildly communicable disease of man which primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, peripheral nerves, eyes, bones and testes due to Mycobacterium leprae. Some researches show the evidence of leprosy spread worldwide in recent human history. Therefore, it is important to put leprosy’s case on the map to build broader knowledge, not only about the spread of leprosy, but also about human dispersal. The aim of the present study is to detect the M.leprae from ancient population in order to know its relevance to the peopling of Indonesia. Macroscopic method was performed ba

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Pratama, Nevristia, Luh Made Mas Rusyati, Prima Sanjiwani Saraswati Sudarsa, IGAA Dwi Karmila, and NLP Ratih Vibriyanti Karna. "Borderline Lepromatous Leprosy with Severe Erythema Nodosum Leprosum: A Case Report." Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin 34, no. 3 (2022): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikk.v34.3.2022.210-216.

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Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) that primarily infects Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves, leading to nerve damage and the development of disabilities. In 2018, Indonesia was the third country with the most leprosy cases in the world. Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), also known as type II leprosy reaction, is a severe immune-mediated complication of multibacillary leprosy. Purpose: To report a case of borderline lepromatous leprosy with severe ENL. Case: A 49-year-old Balinese man presented with multiple tender er

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12

Retief, François. "The origin and development of leprosy in antiquity." Suid-Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 28, no. 1 (2009): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/satnt.v28i1.45.

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Through the ages leprosy has ﬁlled mankind with awe and horror. It still remains one of the unconquered infectious diseases, although the World Health Organisation reports a decrease in its prevalence (18 million to two million new cases annually over the past 20 years). For many, leprosy’s origins are to be traced back to the Hebrew Bible and the condition of zara’ath mentioned in Leviticus 13-14. This was a light-coloured scaly skin lesion which rendered the patient ritually unclean. Such a person was banned from society by a priest, and could only return on being pronounced clean. Zara’ath

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13

Prakoeswa, Cita Rosita Sigit, Ramona Sari Lubis, Qaira Anum, et al. "Epidemiology of Leprosy in Indonesia: a Retrospective Study." Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin 34, no. 1 (2022): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/bikk.v34.1.2022.29-35.

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Background: According to WHO data, the number of new cases of leprosy has decreased in 2019. However, Indonesia continues to provide a significant number of cases. According to statistics, India, Brazil, and Indonesia account for 79 percent of all instances. Purpose: This study aims to describe the profile of leprosy patients, and involves all Dermatology and Venereology Academic Hospitals in Indonesia. Methods: This study was a retrospective study of 2461 patients from Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic at 13 Academic Hospitals in Indonesia between January 2018 and December 2020. R

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Nascimento, Leticia Silva, Yuri Scheidegger de Castro, Jessany de Aquino Figueira, et al. "Toxoplasma gondii infection and high levels of IgE are associated to erythema nodosum leprosy (ENL)." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0300704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300704.

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Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium leprae. The disease may evolve for inflammatory reactions, reversal reaction (RR) and erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), the major cause of irreversible neuropathy in leprosy, which occur in 1 in 3 people with leprosy, even with effective treatment of M. leprae. Leprosy remains persistently endemic in our region where it predominantly affects lowest socioeconomic conditions people, as Toxoplasma gondii infection in the municipality studied. Previously, we have shown T. gondii coinfection as a risk marker for leprosy, ma

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Rusyati, Luh Made Mas, Putu Dyah Sawitri, I. Gusti Nyoman Darmaputra, and I. Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila. "Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a severity predictor of leprosy reaction." Bali Medical Journal 13, no. 2 (2024): 791–95. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v13i2.5164.

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Background: Leprosy can lead to progressive disability by leprosy reactions. There is no gold standard to diagnose leprosy reactions nor guidance to determine patients' risk of leprosy reactions. This study aims to study the diagnostic value and accuracy of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on leprosy reactions. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by Prof. dr. I, Goesti Ngoerah Gde Ngoerah General Hospital used secondary data from January 2018 to December 2021 from patients diagnosed with leprosy with/without leprosy reaction. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was

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Pawar, Harpreet Singh, Itu Singh, and Harish Kumar Sagar. "Type 2 reaction associated sensorineural hearing loss in a drug resistant lepromatous leprosy patient: A case report." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 16, no. 9 (2023): 425–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.386077.

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Rationale: Leprosy, a chronic granulomatous disease often present clinically as erythema nodosum leprosum, a type 2 reaction. The involvement of cochlear part of audiovestibular system is a rarity. Patient concerns: A 26-year-old male patient with lepromatous leprosy developed bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) during type 2 reactional episode. Diagnosis: Recurrent erythema nodosum leprosum in rifampicin-resistant lepromatous leprosy. Interventions: Corticosteroids and second-line multidrug therapy. Outcomes: The patient improved significantly and was further referred for management o

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Suneetha, Sujai, Pankaj Das, Gautam K. Singh, et al. "Histological, immunohistochemical, and serological markers of lepra reactions in leprosy." Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 45, no. 1 (2025): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.4103/ejdv.ejdv_50_23.

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Lepra reactions or ‘reactions’ in leprosy are immunological phenomena with distinct immunopathogenesis resulting in characteristic clinical manifestations and often are precursors of neuritis and disability. The reactions seen in leprosy are type 1, type 2, or erythema nodosum leprosum reaction and Lucio phenomenon. When undiagnosed or with a delay in intervention, these acute events affecting nerves and other organs can cause irreversible deformities and disabilities. Much research is ongoing to identify definitive biomarkers to predict and diagnose leprosy reactions early, to arrest the immu

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Chiriboga, Guido, Qianyu Guo, Eric Zuberi, Harry Ross Powers, and Libardo Rueda Prada. "Erythema Nodosum Leprosum in a Patient with Borderline Lepromatous Leprosy: A Case Report." Infectious Disease Reports 17, no. 4 (2025): 83. https://doi.org/10.3390/idr17040083.

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Background: Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, presents on a spectrum ranging from tuberculoid to lepromatous disease. Borderline lepromatous leprosy represents an unstable immunological state that predisposes patients to immune-mediated reactions, including erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL), a severe inflammatory complication. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 62-year-old female with borderline lepromatous leprosy who presented with recurrent facial cellulitis and later developed disseminated ENL. She was initially diagnosed following a series of facial infections and confirmatory

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Meek, Laura A. "The Grammar of Leprosy: Temporal Politics and the Impossible Subject." Medicine Anthropology Theory 8, no. 3 (2021): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17157/mat.8.3.5525.

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This research article critically interrogates the implications and unintended consequences of the World Health Organization’s purported elimination of leprosy as a public health problem. I explore how leprosy has been portrayed (for nearly a century) as something from the past, recalcitrantly lingering on into the present, but surely about to be gone—a temporal framing I call the ‘grammar of leprosy’. I recount the experiences of Daniel, my interlocutor in Tanzania, whose existence became a problem for his doctors. This problem they ultimately resolved by fabricating negative test results in o

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Gadhe, Anandi, Jay Dhirajlal Modha, Bharti K. Patel, and Neela V. Bhuptani. "A case series of sweet syndrome like erythema nodosum leprosum at tertiary care centrein Western India." IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology 10, no. 2 (2024): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijced.2024.041.

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Leprosy is a chronic disease caused by Mycobacterium Leprae, mainly affecting skin and nerves. Chronic course of leprosy may be interrupted by acute inflammatory conditions called lepra reactions. Type 2 reaction (Erythema Nododsum Leprosum/ENL) classically presents as crops of multiple tender, evanescent nodules. Several pleomorphic variants of ENL has been described in the literature such as erythema necroticans, sweet syndrome–like, erythema multiforme like, livedoreticularis like and bullous ENL. Identification of unusual cutaneous features of ENL are of paramount importance ,which poses a

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Arif, Sitti M., and Nasrum Massi. "Single-nucleotide polymorphism of interleukin-10 promoter (IL-10 -819C/T) in leprosy patients with and without erythema nodosum leprosum, and household contacts." Narra J 3, no. 3 (2023): e276. http://dx.doi.org/10.52225/narra.v3i3.276.

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Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, is a chronic infectious disease that impacts the skin and peripheral nerves, causing long-term disability. The invasion of M. leprae into the body triggers immunologic responses and single single-nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine-encoding genes may influence predisposition and susceptibility, possibly predicting the incidence of leprosy reactions. The aim of this study was to assess the gene polymorphism of interleukin-10 promoter IL-10 −819C/T in leprosy patients, leprosy patients with erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reaction, and household contacts

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Dambhare, Poonam Tulshiram, Ashish Kumar Gupta, Nighat Hussain, and Satyaki Ganguly. "Clinicohistopathological Correlation in Leprosy Lesions: Study in a Tertiary Care Institute in Chhattisgarh." Annals of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine 8, no. 10 (2021): A232–238. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/apalm.3125.

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Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae. Early diagnosis is important to prevent morbidity caused by leprosy. However, accurate clinical or histopathological diagnosis is challenging especially in early skin lesions and in mid-borderline leprosy which shows overlapping features. Hence clinicohistopathological correlation is of utmost importance for accurate diagnosis. This study was conducted to evaluate the predominant subtype of leprosy in patients visiting for treatment in a tertiary care hospital, Chhattisgarh during the post-elimin

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H, Shruthi, Roopa AN, Amrutha MR, and Madhusudan BS. "Study of mast cell density, distribution and morphology in skin lesions of leprosy." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 11, no. 2 (2023): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2023/11-18.

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Background: Mast cells are found at all levels of dermis, grouped around blood vessels, nerves and appendages. An increase in the mast cell number has been reported in various cutaneous diseases. Mast cells respond to diverse range of stimuli like neuronal impulses, allergens, antigens, hormones, cytokines from T cells and keratinocytes and thus play a role in manifestation of dermatological disorders. The objective was to study mast cell density in various subsets of Hansen’s disease and analyse whether the distribution and density vary amongst the subsets. Methods: A total of 60 skin biopsie

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AJ, Adelia Martalova, Luh Made Mas Rusyati, I. Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini, et al. "Low serum lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio as a risk factor for severe erythema nodosum leprosum." Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science 18, no. 1 (2024): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ijbs.v18i1.568.

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Introduction: Leprosy reactions occur during the course of the disease and can lead to disability. Hematologic examination by calculating the lymphocytes-to-monocytes ratio (LMR) is the potential risk factor for leprosy reactions, especially erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). This study aims to assess the relationship between LMR as a risk factor for severe ENL in multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients at Prof. dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Methods: This study used a case-control model with data from the medical records of leprosy patients undergoing treatment at Prof. dr. I G.

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Cuevas, Jesús, José Luis Rodríguez-Peralto, Rosario Carrillo, and Félix Contreras. "Erythema Nodosum Leprosum: Reactional Leprosy." Seminars in Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 26, no. 2 (2007): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sder.2007.02.010.

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Seidman, Carly. "Ocular Leproma in Lepromatous Leprosy." Archives of Ophthalmology 128, no. 12 (2010): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.289.

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Mukhlasin, Mukhlasin, Tukimin Sansuwito, Asita Elengoe, and Andiko Nugraha Kusuma. "The live experience of people suffered by leprosy." International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) 12, no. 1 (2023): 392. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v12i1.21852.

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Leprosy, unlike other high-fatality diseases, is a long-term, chronic illness that can cause long-term disability. People's experiences with leprosy in Indonesia, indicating a need for responsive leprosy services to meet the wide range of requirements, including care for those who are not formally afflicted with the disease. This study aimed to explore live experience of people affected by leprosy in the community in Banten province, Indonesia. This study employed inductive phenomenological research methods with a semi-structure interview. We used snowball sampling, and people who could not co

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Gunawan, Hendra, Nina Roslina, and Oki Suwarsa. "A case of concomitant subcorneal pustular dermatosis and erythema nodosum leprosum in borderline lepromatous leprosy-relapses." Case Reports in Clinical Pathology 4, no. 4 (2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/crcp.v4n4p6.

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Subcorneal pustular dermatosis (SPD) is a rare, chronic, and recurrent pustular eruption characterized histopathologically by subcorneal pustules that contain neutrophils. SPD has been clearly reported conjunction with other diseases. Leprosy reactions are acute inflammatory process that immunologically driven on the chronic course of leprosy. Erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) is a type II of leprosy reaction putatively can initiate SPD lesions. We report one case of concomitant SPD and ENL in borderline lepromatous leprosy-relapses. A 41-year-old man with the history of using multidrug therapy-

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Setyono, Alfred, Luh Made Mas Rusyati, I. Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila, et al. "High serum platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as a risk factor for severe erythema nodosum leprosum." Indonesia Journal of Biomedical Science 18, no. 2 (2024): 179–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ijbs.v18i2.569.

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Introduction: Reactions in leprosy occur during the disease's progression and can result in disability. Hematological examination by calculating the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can potentially predict leprosy reactions, especially erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). This study aimed to asses the association between high PLR as a risk factor for severe ENL in multibacillary (MB) leprosy patients at Prof. dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali. Methods: This case-control study uses data from medical records of leprosy patients treated at Prof. dr. I G. N. G. Ngoerah General

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Sawaimul, Komal D., Tushar Kambale, Kanika Jain, and C. R. Gore. "A study of histopathological analysis and clinico-pathological correlation of leprosy in urban industrial area." Panacea Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 2 (2022): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.pjms.2022.059.

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Leprosy is a chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, with a prevalence rate corresponded to 0.2/10000. Skin and peripheral nerves are mainly affected exhibiting spectrum of clinical and histopathological features based on the immunological status of the individual. The diagnosis is made from adequate clinical information combined with histopathology. The aim of study to asses the clinical and histopathological features and there correlation in diagnosing the cases of leprosy.A cross-sectional study of 2 years was conducted on 99 cases of skin biopsies histopath

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Idris, Fitria, and Wizar Putri Mellaratna. "Morbus Hansen." Jurnal Kedokteran Diponegoro (Diponegoro Medical Journal) 12, no. 5 (2023): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/dmj.v12i5.39371.

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Morbus Hansen (MH) which is called leprosy or leprosy is an infectious disease that causes health problems throughout the world. Leprosy is spread all over the world, especially in tropical and subtropical areas and attacks all ages with the highest frequency in the age group of 20 to 30 years. Case Presentation : Mr. AB, male, aged 33 years, came complaining of numbness and frequent tingling. Hands and feet began to swell and sore. Some toenails fall off unnoticed. Physical examination found composmentis awareness. The general status of the patient was madarosis in both eyelashes, the eyes lo

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Prakoeswa, Flora Ramona Sigit, Ellen Josephine Handoko, Erika Diana Risanti, Nabila Haningtyas, Nasrurrofiq Risvana Bayu Pambudi, and Muhana Fawwazy Ilyas. "The role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as an immunological marker for patients with leprosy: a systematic literature review." PeerJ 12 (June 18, 2024): e17400. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.17400.

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Leprosy, a significant global health concern affecting primarily the peripheral nerves and integumentary system, is influenced by the host immune system’s response, affecting its pathology, disease progression, and reaction occurrence. MCP-1, integral to leprosy’s immunological processes, holds promise as a diagnostic tool and predictor of reaction occurrence. This systematic review aimed to investigate MCP-1’s involvement in leprosy. Literature search, employing specified MeSH keywords, covered databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Wiley Online Library until September 30th, 202

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Sepfourteen, Dwi, and Tutty Ariani. "Lucio Phenomenon mimicking with Vasculo necrotic Erithema Nodosum Leprosum: A Case Report." International Journal of PharmTech Research 13, no. 3 (2020): 288–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130321.

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Clinical features of Lucio’s phenomenon (LP), shows a nectorizing erythema, may mimicking Erythema Nodosum leprosum with vasculonecrotic. A 46 years old man presented with diagnosis lepromatous leprosy with Lucio’s phenomenon and diferential diagnosis borderline lepromatous (BL) with vasculonecrotic erithema nodosum leprosum. The patients complained there were painless ulcers on his lower limbs and scrotum, with surrounded by purpuric patches which subsequently became gangrenes and ulcerated for 3 weeks. There was numbness of both hands and feet, the eyelashes, eyebrows baldness since 5 years

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Kaur, Navdeep. "Histopathological features of relapse cases in leprosy." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 11 (2020): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204466.

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Leprosy is unique in terms of the nature of the causative organism (Mycobacterium leprae), the chronicity of the disease, its prolonged treatment and the definitions of “cure” and “relapse.” The principal mode of assessing the efficacy of therapeutic regimens in leprosy is the “relapse rate.” There are wide variations in estimates of relapse rates after the World Health Organization (WHO) multidrug therapy in different regions. The important predisposing factors for relapse include the presence of “persister” bacilli, monotherapy, inadequate/irregular therapy, presence of multiple skin lesions

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Asuncion, Patricia Carla, and Rhanee Lota-Salvado. ""Hansen’s Disease in an Adolescent: A Case Report "." Pediatric Infectious Disease Society of the Philippines Journal 18, no. 2 (2017): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.56964/pidspj20171802007.

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Abstract: Leprosy is a chronic communicable disease that remains to be endemic worldwide and children and adolescents are most vulnerable to infection. A 17-year-old Filipina presented with a 4-year history of multiple skin lesions evolving into various forms, associated with pain and deformity of extremities. She was diagnosed with Hansen’s disease, lepromatous type, in severe erythema nodosum leprosum. She was started on multi-drug therapy with Rifampicin, Clofazimine and Clarithromycin. There was remarkable improvement with arrested progression of skin lesions, conversion of wounds into gra

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Mas Rusyati, Luh Made, Mochammad Hatta, I. Gede Raka Widiana та ін. "Higher Treg FoxP3 and TGF-β mRNA Expression in Type 2 Reaction ENL (Erythema Nodosum Leprosum) Patients in Mycobacterium leprae Infection". Open Microbiology Journal 14, № 1 (2020): 304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874434602014010304.

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Background and Aim: The pathology of leprosy is determined by the host immune response to Mycobacterium leprae. Almost 40% of patients with leprosy undergo immune-mediated inflammatory episodes such as type 1 reactions and Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL or type 2 reactions). Regulatory T (Treg) is a subset of T cells that are involved in the immune response. Treg cells express Forkhead Box P3 (FoxP3), which plays a role in suppressing the immune response. FoxP3 may work alongside Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGF-β) to down-regulate T cells responses, leading to the antigen-specific anergy

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Rosyada, Rahma, Ramona Dumasari Lubis, and Remenda Siregar. "The correlation of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and ENLIST ENL severity scale in type 2 leprosy reactions." Bali Medical Journal 12, no. 2 (2023): 1930–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v12i2.4283.

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Link of Video Abstract: https://youtu.be/PlVYFXCyDlY Introduction: Type 2 leprosy reaction or Erythema Nodosum Leprosum (ENL) is an episode of acute inflammation that appears in the clinical course of leprosy. In ENL, antigen-antibody immune complex responses and the complement immune system are suspected. The Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is an easy, inexpensive, and usable parameter related to clinical outcome and disease severity. The ENLIST ENL Severity Scale (EESS) is the world's first validated ENL severity scale. This study aimed to determine correlations between the NLR and the EES

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Schmitz, Veronica, and Jéssica Brandão dos Santos. "COVID-19, leprosy, and neutrophils." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 1 (2021): e0009019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009019.

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by the betacoronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has only recently emerged, while Mycobacterium leprae, the etiological agent of leprosy, has endured for more than 2,000 years. As soon as the initial reports of COVID-19 became public, several entities, including the Brazilian Leprosy Society, warned about the possible impact of COVID-19 on leprosy patients. It has been verified that COVID-19 carriers can be either asymptomatic or present varying degrees of severe respiratory failure in association with cy

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Indah Puspasari, Ni Made, and I. Nyoman Fidry Octora Young Amukty. "AN UPDATE TREATMENT OF ERITEMA NODOSUM LEPROSUM." Journal of Advance Research in Medical & Health Science (ISSN: 2208-2425) 9, no. 5 (2023): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/nnmhs.v9i5.1665.

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Leprosy, also called Morbus Hansen, is a contagious skin disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Leprae. It takes 2–5 years for the disease to show up, and it takes 2–3 weeks for the cells to divide. Leprosy reaction is a sudden event that happens during the long-term course of the disease. It causes skin sores to become very red and swollen. This disease can show up before, during, or after treatment for leprosy, and it can happen to 30–50% of people with leprosy. Reactions to leprosy happen when both cellular and humoral immune responses go wrong. Type 2 or Eritema Nodosum Leprosum (EN

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Morato-Conceicao, Yvelise T., Eduardo R. Alves-Junior, Talita A. Arruda, Jose C. Lopes, and Cor J. F. Fontes. "Serum uric acid levels during leprosy reaction episodes." PeerJ 4 (March 14, 2016): e1799. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1799.

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Background.Leprosy reactions are acute inflammatory episodes that occur mainly in the multibacillary forms of the disease. The reactions are classified as type 1 (reverse reaction) or type 2 (erythema nodosum leprosum). Leprosy-associated oxidative stress has been widely demonstrated. Several recent studies have shown uric acid (UA) to have antioxidative effects under pathologic conditions. The objective of this study was to assess serum levels of UA in patients with leprosy reactions, with the aim of monitoring their levels before and after treatment, compared with levels in leprosy patients

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Sandre, Matthew K., Sonia M. Poenaru, and Andrea K. Boggild. "Erythema Nodosum Leprosum Triggered by Antecedent Influenza Vaccine and Respiratory Tract Infection: A Case Report." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 23, no. 1 (2018): 114–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1203475418808759.

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We present a patient with new-onset erythema nodosum leprosum months after successful treatment of her mid-borderline leprosy, which was likely triggered by a combination of antecedent influenza vaccination and upper respiratory tract infection.

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Antunes, Douglas Eulálio, Isabela Maria Bernardes Goulart, Mayara Ingrid Sousa Lima, Patrícia Terra Alves, Paula Cristina Brígido Tavares та Luiz Ricardo Goulart. "Differential Expression of IFN-γ, IL-10, TLR1, and TLR2 and Their Potential Effects on Downgrading Leprosy Reaction and Erythema Nodosum Leprosum". Journal of Immunology Research 2019 (7 листопада 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3405103.

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Leprosy reactions are acute immunological events that occur during the evolution of chronic infectious disease causing neural damage and disabilities. A study using blood samples of 17 leprosy reaction patients and 17 reaction-free was carried out by means of associations between antigens, receptors, and expression of cytokines, using path analysis providing new insights into the immunological mechanisms involved in triggering leprosy reactions. Toll-like receptors (TLR) such as TLR1 and TLR2, presented balanced expression in the reaction-free multibacillary (MB) group (TLR1: 1.01±0.23, TLR2:

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Trombone, Ana Paula, Andrea Belone, Cassio Guidella, et al. "T helper cytokines expression in leprosy forms and reactional states: serum and in situ analysis (59.9)." Journal of Immunology 188, no. 1_Supplement (2012): 59.9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.59.9.

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Abstract Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease of the skin and peripheral nerves characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical forms, namely tuberculoid (TT) and lepromatous (LL), the borderline forms (BB, BT and BL) and the reverse reaction (RR) and erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) reactional states. Since the immunological basis of leprosy is still unclear, we analyzed the profile of T helper (Th1, Th2, Th17, Treg) cytokines, in serum (ELISA) and in situ (qPCR), of 72 leprosy patients and 10 healthy controls. ELISA data shows that the frequency of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-22 detection was signifi

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Verma, Sumit, Ravindra Kumar Garg, Imran Rizvi, et al. "Central nervous system, spinal root ganglion and brachial plexus involvement in leprosy: A prospective study." Journal of Central Nervous System Disease 14 (January 2022): 117957352211354. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11795735221135477.

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Background Leprosy is primarily a disease of peripheral nerves. Some isolated case reports and case series have communicated imaging changes in the central nervous system (CNS) and brachial plexus in patients with leprosy. Objectives To study the neuroimaging abnormalities in patients with lepra bacilli-positive neuropathy in the context of CNS, spinal root ganglion, and brachial plexus. Design Prospective observational study Methods We screened newly-diagnosed patients with multibacillary leprosy presenting with neuropathy. Patients with bacilli-positive sural nerve biopsies were included in

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Tralsawala, Krunal, and Dipak Umrigar. "Leprosy reactions: a prospective study at tertiary care hospital of South Gujarat." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 6, no. 5 (2020): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20203751.

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<p><strong>Background:</strong> Clinical diagnosis of early leprosy lesions is important as it is one of the leading causes of physical disabilities which cause social stigma leading to discrimination &amp; isolation. Its diagnosis is based upon detailed cutaneous examination along with peripheral nerves. The objectives were to study associations between reaction types with type of leprosy and various deformities and disabilities relating to treatment for leprosy.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a hospital-based prospective, cross-sectional

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N, SindhuShree. "Clinicopathological study of lepromatous leprosy and histoid leprosy in a tertiary care institute." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 11, no. 1 (2021): 1818–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v11i1.31929.

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Background: Lepromatous leprosy is a clinical course seen in patients with inefficient cellular immunity against Mycobacterium leprae, resulting in anergy. A highly bacilliferrous type of lepromatous leprosy is histoid leprosy. Histoid leprosy was initially reported to manifest after the failure of long-term dapsone monotherapy, irregular therapy, or inadequate therapy. However, it is now well known that histoid leprosy develops de-novo as well. This study was undertaken to know the incidence and clinicopathological characteristics of lepromatous leprosy and histoid leprosy.Materials and Metho

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Engelbrektsson, Ulla-Britt, and Madhusudan Subedi. "Health Seeking Processes of Leprosy Patients in a Hill District of Nepal." AMC Journal 2, no. 1 (2021): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/amcj.v2i1.35783.

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To shorten delays in leprosy diagnosis, health-seeking processes have to be understood and documented. In 2015, the International Nepal Fellowship launched a three-year research project on the subject. One part of the project was a community study in which recent health-seeking efforts were to be studied in the light of earlier ones. The focus of this article is upon insights gained in field research in a village and its immediate surroundings in the district of Jajarkot, western Nepal. The research highlights the importance of a longitudinal, patient-focused study that covers the period from

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Eickelmann, Mareike, Martin Steinhoff, Dieter Metze, Jane Tomimori-Yamashita, and Cord Sunderkötter. "Erythema leprosum - after treatment of Lepromatous Leprosy." JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft 8, no. 6 (2009): 450–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1610-0387.2009.07294.x.

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Htun, Khaing Win, N. Lin, K. Myint, et al. "Prevalence of HIV in Leprosy Patients in Central Myanmar during 2008." Outbreak, Surveillance, Investigation & Response (OSIR) Journal 6, no. 2 (2013): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.59096/osir.v6i2.263337.

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HIV infection has been shown to be strongly associated with the development of active tuberculosis. However, its association with leprosy was much less clear. Moreover, seroprevalence of HIV infection among leprosy patients has never been reported in Myanmar. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of HIV among leprosy patients and the association between HIV infection and types of leprosy in central Myanmar during 2008. A total of 299 leprosy patients, including 242 multibacillary (MB) and 57 paucibacillary (PB) leprosy patients, were enrolled. The overall HIV seroprevalence was 3.7%

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Sabil, Rezki Melany, and Ray Sastri. "ON THE MODELLING OF LEPROSY PREVALENCE IN SOUTH SULAWESI USING SPATIAL AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL." Indonesian Journal of Statistics and Its Applications 4, no. 2 (2020): 245–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/ijsa.v4i2.529.

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The prevalence of leprosy is the number of leprosy cases per 10.000 peoples. Based on data from the Ministry of Health, the highest prevalenece of leprosy was in South Sulawesi. This is needs a special attention because leprosy is a contagious disease. The number of leprosy cases in an area may be influenced by the number of leprosy case in the neighbor area due to the movement of the air. So that, the location of area need to be included in analysis of leprosy. The aim of this study is to identify the variables that spatially affect the prevalence of leprosy in South Sulawesi and modelling it

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