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Journal articles on the topic 'Leptospira'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Masuzawa, Toshiyuki, Yuji Hashiguchi, Ryuta Nakamura, et al. "Experimental lethal infection of Leptospira interrogans in mice treated with cyclophosphamide." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 4 (1991): 312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-048.

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After preadministration of cyclophosphamide (300 mg/kg), BALB/c mice were lethally infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar lai and a virulent strain of Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni, and leptospiral cells were detected in both kidneys of infected mice by indirect immunofluorescent assay. Nonpathogenic leptospirae, Leptospira biflexa serovar patoc, Leptonema illini, and an avirulent strain of L. interrogans serovar copenhageni, were not parasitic to the mice treated with cyclophosphamide. The cyclophosphamide-treated mice were protected from the homologous leptospiral infectio

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2

Díaz, M. Mónica, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Kalina J. Campos, et al. "DIVERSITY OF BAT-ASSOCIATED LEPTOSPIRA IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON INFERRED BY BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, no. 5 (2005): 964–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13446735.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The role of bats as potential sources of transmission to humans or as maintenance hosts of leptospires is poorly understood. We quantified the prevalence of leptospiral colonization in bats in the Peruvian Amazon in the vicinity of Iquitos, an area of high biologic diversity. Of 589 analyzed bats, culture (3 of 589) and molecular evidence (20 of 589) of leptospiral colonization was found in the kidneys, yielding an overall colonization rate of 3.4%. Infection rates differed with habitat and location, and among different bat species. Bayesian a

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3

Díaz, M. Mónica, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Kalina J. Campos, et al. "DIVERSITY OF BAT-ASSOCIATED LEPTOSPIRA IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON INFERRED BY BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, no. 5 (2005): 964–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13446735.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The role of bats as potential sources of transmission to humans or as maintenance hosts of leptospires is poorly understood. We quantified the prevalence of leptospiral colonization in bats in the Peruvian Amazon in the vicinity of Iquitos, an area of high biologic diversity. Of 589 analyzed bats, culture (3 of 589) and molecular evidence (20 of 589) of leptospiral colonization was found in the kidneys, yielding an overall colonization rate of 3.4%. Infection rates differed with habitat and location, and among different bat species. Bayesian a

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4

Díaz, M. Mónica, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Kalina J. Campos, et al. "DIVERSITY OF BAT-ASSOCIATED LEPTOSPIRA IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON INFERRED BY BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, no. 5 (2005): 964–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13446735.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The role of bats as potential sources of transmission to humans or as maintenance hosts of leptospires is poorly understood. We quantified the prevalence of leptospiral colonization in bats in the Peruvian Amazon in the vicinity of Iquitos, an area of high biologic diversity. Of 589 analyzed bats, culture (3 of 589) and molecular evidence (20 of 589) of leptospiral colonization was found in the kidneys, yielding an overall colonization rate of 3.4%. Infection rates differed with habitat and location, and among different bat species. Bayesian a

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5

Díaz, M. Mónica, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Kalina J. Campos, et al. "DIVERSITY OF BAT-ASSOCIATED LEPTOSPIRA IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON INFERRED BY BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, no. 5 (2005): 964–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13446735.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The role of bats as potential sources of transmission to humans or as maintenance hosts of leptospires is poorly understood. We quantified the prevalence of leptospiral colonization in bats in the Peruvian Amazon in the vicinity of Iquitos, an area of high biologic diversity. Of 589 analyzed bats, culture (3 of 589) and molecular evidence (20 of 589) of leptospiral colonization was found in the kidneys, yielding an overall colonization rate of 3.4%. Infection rates differed with habitat and location, and among different bat species. Bayesian a

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6

Díaz, M. Mónica, Eduardo Gotuzzo, Kalina J. Campos, et al. "DIVERSITY OF BAT-ASSOCIATED LEPTOSPIRA IN THE PERUVIAN AMAZON INFERRED BY BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF 16S RIBOSOMAL DNA SEQUENCES." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 73, no. 5 (2005): 964–74. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13446735.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) The role of bats as potential sources of transmission to humans or as maintenance hosts of leptospires is poorly understood. We quantified the prevalence of leptospiral colonization in bats in the Peruvian Amazon in the vicinity of Iquitos, an area of high biologic diversity. Of 589 analyzed bats, culture (3 of 589) and molecular evidence (20 of 589) of leptospiral colonization was found in the kidneys, yielding an overall colonization rate of 3.4%. Infection rates differed with habitat and location, and among different bat species. Bayesian a

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7

Zhao, Wei, Chun-Yan Chen, Xiang-Yan Zhang, et al. "Molecular characterization of the pL40 protein inLeptospira interrogans." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 55, no. 6 (2009): 739–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w09-014.

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Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic leptospires. The identification of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) conserved among pathogenic leptospires, which are exposed on the leptospiral surface and expressed during mammalian infection, has become a major focus of leptospirosis research. pL40, a 40 kDa protein coded by the LA3744 gene in Leptospira interrogans , was found to be unique to Leptospira . Triton X-114 fractionation and flow cytometry analyses indicate that pL40 is a component of the leptospiral outer membrane. The conservation of pL40 among Leptospira strain

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8

LI, S. J., D. M. WANG, C. C. ZHANG, et al. "Molecular typing of Leptospira spp. strains isolated from field mice confirms a link to human leptospirosis." Epidemiology and Infection 141, no. 11 (2013): 2278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268813000216.

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SUMMARYIn recent years, human leptospirosis has been reported in Jinping and Liping counties, Guizhou province, but the leptospires have never been isolated. To track the source of infection and understand the aetiological characteristics, we performed surveillance for field mice carriage of leptospirosis in 2011. Four strains of leptospire were isolated from Apodemus agrarius. PCR confirmed the four isolates as pathogenic. Multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) showed that the four strains were closely related to serovar Lai strain 56601 belonging to serogroup Icterohaem

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9

Doungchawee, Galayanee, Worachart Sirawaraporn, Albert Icksang-Ko, Suraphol Kongtim, Pimjai Naigowit, and Visith Thongboonkerd. "Use of immunoblotting as an alternative method for serogrouping Leptospira." Journal of Medical Microbiology 56, no. 5 (2007): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47143-0.

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Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease caused by a spirochaete bacterium, Leptospira. Serological detection of this micro-organism basically relies on a conventional microscopic agglutination test (MAT), which has some limitations and disadvantages. In the present study, immunoblotting has been applied as an alternative method for differentiating serogroups and serovars of leptospires. Leptospiral whole-cell lysates from a total of 26 serovars were subjected to immunoblotting using rabbit antisera against individual serovars. The findings clearly demonstrated that the pattern of immunor

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10

Rahmani, Zahra, Pejvak Khaki, Mehdi Gharakhani, and Majid Esmaelizad. "Molecular Detection of lsa21 Gene Encoding an Adhesion Protein Among Pathogenic Leptospiral Serovars." International Journal of Enteric Pathogens 11, no. 2 (2023): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/ijep.5586.

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Background: Leptospirosis, as an emerging global public health problem, is a widespread zoonosis and substantial infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. The diagnosis of the disease remains a challenge due to its non-specific clinical symptoms. The Lsa21 protein is one of the leptospiral proteins that has extracellular matrix-binding properties that are expressed during the infection of pathogenic Leptospira serovars. Objectives: The study aimed to assess the presence of the lsa21 gene in Leptospira serovars. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 22 pathogenic Lepto

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11

Piredda, Ivana, Loris Bertoldi, Giuseppe Benvenuto, et al. "First Isolation and Molecular Typing of Pathogenic and Intermediate Leptospira Species from Urine of Symptomatic Dogs." Veterinary Sciences 8, no. 12 (2021): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci8120304.

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Aim of this study was to evaluate, the presence and diversity of Leptospira spp. in blood and urine samples collected from 175 owned-dogs from Sardinia, Italy. After determination of leptospiral infection by microscopic agglutination test (MAT), urine from MAT-positive dogs were examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (lipL32 rt-PCR) and then isolated by culture. In order to characterize obtained serovars, positive cultures were then subjected to 16S rRNA and secY sequencing, phylogenetic analysis and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST). Results showed that seven dogs (4%; 95% CI: 0–55)

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12

Ismail, Che Ain Munirah, Zakuan Zainy Deris, Ruzilawati Abu Bakar, and Nabilah Ismail. "In Vitro Anti-Leptospiral Activity of Phyllanthus amarus Extracts and Their Combinations with Antibiotics." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (2021): 2834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062834.

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Despite modern medicine, there is an increasing trend for cases of the bacterial infection leptospirosis, and this has led to the exploration of alternative medicines from various sources including plants. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro anti-leptospiral activity of Phyllanthus amarus extracts alone and combined with penicillin G, ceftriaxone, and doxycycline. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the microdilution broth technique upon methanol extract (ME), aqueous extract (AE), and antibiotics against the Leptospira interrogans serovars Australis, Bat

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13

Cullen, Paul A., David A. Haake, Dieter M. Bulach, Richard L. Zuerner, and Ben Adler. "LipL21 Is a Novel Surface-Exposed Lipoprotein of Pathogenic Leptospira Species." Infection and Immunity 71, no. 5 (2003): 2414–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.71.5.2414-2421.2003.

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ABSTRACT Leptospira is the etiologic agent of leptospirosis, a bacterial zoonosis distributed worldwide. Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide is a protective immunogen, but the extensive serological diversity of leptospires has inspired a search for conserved outer membrane proteins (OMPs) that may stimulate heterologous immunity. Previously, a global analysis of leptospiral OMPs (P. A. Cullen, S. J. Cordwell, D. M. Bulach, D. A. Haake, and B. Adler, Infect. Immun. 70:2311-2318, 2002) identified pL21, a novel 21-kDa protein that is the second most abundant constituent of the Leptospira interrogans s

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14

DE OLIVEIRA, D., C. P. FIGUEIRA, L. ZHAN, et al. "Leptospira in breast tissue and milk of urban Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus)." Epidemiology and Infection 144, no. 11 (2016): 2420–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268816000637.

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SUMMARYLeptospirosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira. The disease is globally distributed and a major public health concern. The Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) is the main reservoir of the pathogen in urban slums of developing and developed countries. The potential routes of intra-specific leptospire transmission in rats are largely unknown. Herein, we identified pathogenic Leptospira spp. in breast tissue and milk of naturally infected rats. We examined kidney, breast tissue and milk from 24 lactating rats for the presence of leptospires using immunofluorescence, immu

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15

Piredda, Ivana, Maria Nicoletta Ponti, Bruna Palmas, et al. "Molecular Typing of Pathogenic Leptospira Species Isolated from Wild Mammal Reservoirs in Sardinia." Animals 11, no. 4 (2021): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11041109.

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Leptospirosis is a global zoonosis caused by pathogenic species of Leptospira that infect a large spectrum of domestic and wild animals. This study is the first molecular identification, characterization, and phylogeny of Leptospira strains with veterinary and zoonotic impact in Sardinian wild hosts. All samples collected were cultured and analyzed by multiplex real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Sequencing, phylogenetic analyses (based on rrs and secY sequences), and Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) based on the analysis of seven concatenated loci were also performed. Results reveale

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Kamaruzaman, Intan, Muhamad Mokhtar, Hong Ting, et al. "Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urban rodents from wet markets in northeast Malaysia." Journal of Advanced Veterinary and Animal Research 9, no. 2 (2022): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.5455/javar.2022.i593.

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Objective: This short study describes the occurrence of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in two major wet markets in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Materials and Methods: 30 rodents (20 rats and 10 shrews) were caught in 2 wet markets, and a postmortem was performed to extract both kidneys. Molecular diagnosis via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to detect leptospiral DNA using universal and pathogenic Leptospira primers, respectively. Results: The results showed that 20/28 (72%) rat samples were detected positive for Leptospira spp, and all shrews were negative. Further sequencing ana

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Santos, Ana Amélia Nunes, Priscyla dos Santos Ribeiro, Geórgia Virgínia da França, et al. "Leptospira interrogans biofilm formation in Rattus norvegicus (Norway rats) natural reservoirs." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 15, no. 9 (2021): e0009736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009736.

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Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) is the main reservoir host of pathogenic Leptospira, the causative agent of leptospirosis, in urban environments. Pathogenic Leptospira forms biofilms in the environment, possibly contributing for bacterial survival and maintenance. Nonetheless, biofilms have not yet been studied in natural animal reservoirs presenting leptospiral renal carriage. Here, we described biofilm formation by pathogenic Leptospira inside the renal tubules of R. norvegicus naturally infected and captured in an urban slum endemic for leptospirosis. From the 65 rats carrying Leptospira in

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Kamaruzaman, Intan Noor Aina, Gareth James Staton, Stuart Ainsworth, Stuart D. Carter, and Nicholas James Evans. "Characterisation of Putative Outer Membrane Proteins from Leptospira borgpetersenii Serovar Hardjo-Bovis Identifies Novel Adhesins and Diversity in Adhesion across Genomospecies Orthologs." Microorganisms 12, no. 2 (2024): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12020245.

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease affecting mammalian species worldwide. Cattle are a major susceptible host; infection with pathogenic Leptospira spp. represents a public health risk and results in reproductive failure and reduced milk yield, causing economic losses. The characterisation of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) from disease-causing bacteria dissects pathogenesis and underpins vaccine development. As most leptospire pathogenesis research has focused on Leptospira interrogans, this study aimed to characterise novel OMPs from another important genomospecies, Leptospira borg

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Harran, Elena, Adrien Pinot, Angeli Kodjo, et al. "Identification of Pathogenic Leptospira kirschneri Serogroup Grippotyphosa in Water Voles (Arvicola terrestris) from Ruminant Pastures in Puy-de-Dôme, Central France." Pathogens 12, no. 2 (2023): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens12020260.

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Rodents are the primary reservoirs for pathogenic Leptospira species, which cause leptospirosis. Among the key potential carriers are water voles, whose population outbreaks can consequently pose a major threat to human and animal health. We studied the prevalence, prominence, and epidemiology of pathogenic Leptospira species in water voles in central France. First, 46 voles were captured, and DNA was extracted from kidney, lung, liver, blood, and urine and tested for the presence of Leptospira using three molecular methods: PCR, O-antigen typing, and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) typin

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Matsunaga, James, Kristian Werneid, Richard L. Zuerner, Ami Frank, and David A. Haake. "LipL46 is a novel surface-exposed lipoprotein expressed during leptospiral dissemination in the mammalian host." Microbiology 152, no. 12 (2006): 3777–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.29162-0.

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Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis caused by invasive spirochaetes belonging to the genus Leptospira. Pathogenic leptospires disseminate via the bloodstream to colonize the renal tubules of reservoir hosts. Little is known about leptospiral outer-membrane proteins expressed during the dissemination stage of infection. In this study, a novel surface-exposed lipoprotein is described; it has been designated LipL46 to distinguish it from a previously described 31 kDa peripheral membrane protein, P31LipL45, which is exported as a 45 kDa probable lipoprotein. The lipL46 gene encodes a 412 aa pol

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Chaiwattanarungruengpaisan, Somjit, Wasinee Thepapichaikul, Weena Paungpin, Kanokwan Ketchim, Sarin Suwanpakdee, and Metawee Thongdee. "Potentially Pathogenic Leptospira in the Environment of an Elephant Camp in Thailand." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 5, no. 4 (2020): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5040183.

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Leptospira is the causative agent of leptospirosis, a globally emerging zoonotic disease. The infection is commonly acquired through contact with the contaminated environment. To extend the knowledge on environmental source of leptospirosis, we investigated the presence of Leptospira in an elephant camp setting where the interaction between humans, animals, and the shared environment occur particularly when engaging in recreational activities. In this study, a total of 24 environmental samples were collected from an elephant camp area in western Thailand. All samples were processed for Leptosp

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Kiuno, Kazuki, Takuya Kato, Hiroko Otsubo, Ryoko Kibe, Yasushi Kataoka, and Shin-ichi Hayama. "Epidemiological Study of Pathogenic Leptospira in Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in a Suburb of Tokyo, Japan." Animals 13, no. 1 (2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13010021.

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Leptospirosis is a zoonosis that affects humans and animals worldwide. Raccoons (Procyon lotor), adopted in urban environments, may act as potential reservoirs of Leptospira. We investigated the prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira in the kidney and urine samples of raccoons living in Tokyo, as well as anti-leptospiral antibodies in their serum, and aimed to examine the factors that expose raccoons to Leptospira. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect leptospiral DNA and anti-leptospiral antibodies, respectively. Thirty-six of 156 racco

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Grégoire, Nicole, Robert Higgins, and Yves Robinson. "Isolation of leptospires from nephritic kidneys of beef cattle at slaughter." American Journal of Veterinary Research 48, no. 3 (1987): 370–71. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1987.48.03.370.

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SUMMARY Of 955 beef cattle slaughtered at an abattoir in Quebec from May to August 1985, 122 (13%) had lesions of focal interstitial nephritis. Nephritic kidneys were collected for leptospiral culture, and matching blood samples were examined serologically. Leptospires were isolated from the kidneys of 35 (29%) cattle. Antibodies to Leptospira interrogans serovar hardjo were found in 29 (24%) cattle and to pomona in 13 (10%).

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Palaniappan, Raghavan U. M., Yung-Fu Chang, S. S. D. Jusuf, et al. "Cloning and Molecular Characterization of an Immunogenic LigA Protein of Leptospira interrogans." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 11 (2002): 5924–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.11.5924-5930.2002.

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ABSTRACT A clone expressing a novel immunoreactive leptospiral immunoglobulin-like protein A of 130 kDa (LigA) from Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona type kennewicki was isolated by screening a genomic DNA library with serum from a mare that had recently aborted due to leptospiral infection. LigA is encoded by an open reading frame of 3,675 bp, and the deduced amino acid sequence consists of a series of 90-amino-acid tandem repeats. A search of the NCBI database found that homology of the LigA repeat region was limited to an immunoglobulin-like domain of the bacterial intimin binding prote

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Matsunaga, James, Miranda Lo, Dieter M. Bulach, Richard L. Zuerner, Ben Adler, and David A. Haake. "Response of Leptospira interrogans to Physiologic Osmolarity: Relevance in Signaling the Environment-to-Host Transition." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 6 (2007): 2864–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01619-06.

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ABSTRACT Transmission of pathogenic Leptospira between mammalian hosts usually involves dissemination via soil or water contaminated by the urine of carrier animals. The ability of Leptospira to adapt to the diverse conditions found inside and outside the host is reflected in its relatively large genome size and high percentage of signal transduction genes. An exception is Leptospira borgpetersenii serovar Hardjo, which is transmitted by direct contact and appears to have lost genes necessary for survival outside the mammalian host. Invasion of host tissues by Leptospira interrogans involves a

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Verma, Ashutosh, Sergey Artiushin, James Matsunaga, David A. Haake, and John F. Timoney. "LruA and LruB, Novel Lipoproteins of Pathogenic Leptospira interrogans Associated with Equine Recurrent Uveitis." Infection and Immunity 73, no. 11 (2005): 7259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.11.7259-7266.2005.

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ABSTRACT Recurrent uveitis as a sequela to Leptospira infection is the most common infectious cause of blindness and impaired vision of horses worldwide. Leptospiral proteins expressed during prolonged survival in the eyes of horses with lesions of chronic uveitis were identified by screening a phage library of Leptospira interrogans DNA fragments with eye fluids from uveitic horses. Inserts of reactive phages encoded several known leptospiral proteins and two novel putative lipoproteins, LruA and LruB. LruA was intrinsically labeled during incubation of L. interrogans in medium containing [14

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Techawiwattanaboon, Barnier-Quer, Palaga, et al. "Reduced Renal Colonization and Enhanced Protection by Leptospiral Factor H Binding Proteins as a Multisubunit Vaccine Against Leptospirosis in Hamsters." Vaccines 7, no. 3 (2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7030095.

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Subunit vaccines conferring complete protection against leptospirosis are not currently available. The interactions of factor H binding proteins (FHBPs) on pathogenic leptospires and host factor H are crucial for immune evasion by inhibition of complement-mediated killing. The inhibition of these interactions may be a potential strategy to clear leptospires in the host. This study aimed to evaluate a multisubunit vaccine composed of four known leptospiral FHBPs: LigA domain 7–13 (LigAc), LenA, LcpA, and Lsa23, for its protective efficacy in hamsters. The mono and multisubunit vaccines formulat

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Monahan, Avril M., John J. Callanan, and Jarlath E. Nally. "Proteomic Analysis of Leptospira interrogans Shed in Urine of Chronically Infected Hosts." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 11 (2008): 4952–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00511-08.

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ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is a global zoonotic disease. The causative agent, pathogenic Leptospira species, survives in the renal tubules of chronically infected hosts, from where leptospires are shed via urine into the environment. Infection of new hosts can present as an array of acute and chronic disease processes reflecting variations in host-pathogen interactions. The present study was designed to reproduce the carrier phase of infection in Rattus norvegicus, thus facilitating shedding of leptospires in urine. Leptospires shed in urine were collected for proteomic analysis because these orga

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Barbosa, Angela S., Patricia A. E. Abreu, Sílvio A. Vasconcellos, et al. "Immune Evasion of Leptospira Species by Acquisition of Human Complement Regulator C4BP." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 3 (2008): 1137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01310-08.

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ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is a spirochetal zoonotic disease of global distribution with a high incidence in tropical regions. In the last 15 years it has been recognized as an important emerging infectious disease due to the occurrence of large outbreaks in warm-climate countries and, occasionally, in temperate regions. Pathogenic leptospires efficiently colonize target organs after penetrating the host. Their invasiveness is attributed to the ability to multiply in blood, adhere to host cells, and penetrate into tissues. Therefore, they must be able to evade the innate host defense. The main pur

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Vieira, Monica L., Silvio A. Vasconcellos, Amane P. Gonçales, Zenaide M. de Morais, and Ana L. T. O. Nascimento. "Plasminogen Acquisition and Activation at the Surface of Leptospira Species Lead to Fibronectin Degradation." Infection and Immunity 77, no. 9 (2009): 4092–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00353-09.

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ABSTRACT Pathogenic Leptospira species are the etiological agents of leptospirosis, a widespread disease of human and veterinary concern. In this study, we report that Leptospira species are capable of binding plasminogen (PLG) in vitro. The binding to the leptospiral surface was demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence confocal microscopy with living bacteria. The PLG binding to the bacteria seems to occur via lysine residues because the ligation is inhibited by addition of the lysine analog 6-aminocaproic acid. Exogenously provided urokinase-type PLG activator (uPA) converts surface-bound

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Chagas-Junior, Adenizar D., Alan J. A. McBride, Daniel A. Athanazio, et al. "An imprint method for detecting leptospires in the hamster model of vaccine-mediated immunity for leptospirosis." Journal of Medical Microbiology 58, no. 12 (2009): 1632–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.014050-0.

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In determining the efficacy of new vaccine candidates for leptospirosis, the primary end point is death and an important secondary end point is sterilizing immunity. However, evaluation of this end point is often hampered by the time-consuming demands and complexity of methods such as culture isolation (CI). In this study, we evaluated the use of an imprint (or touch preparation) method (IM) in detecting the presence of leptospires in tissues of hamsters infected with Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni. In a dissemination study, compared to CI, the IM led to equal or improved detection

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Matiz‐González, J. Manuel, Jesús A. Ballesteros‐Ballesteros, María Hernández, et al. "Genetic diversity of P1/pathogenic Leptospira species hosted by bats worldwide." Zoonoses and Public Health 71, no. 5 (2024): 457–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13445599.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Introduction: Bats are a diverse group of mammals that have unique features allowing them to act as reservoir hosts for several zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira. Leptospires have been classified into pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophytic groups and more recently into clades P1, P2, S1, and S2, being all the most important pathogenic species related to leptospirosis included within the P1/pathogenic clade. Leptospira has been detected from bats in several regions worldwide; however, the diversity of leptospires harboured by bats is sti

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Matiz‐González, J. Manuel, Jesús A. Ballesteros‐Ballesteros, María Hernández, et al. "Genetic diversity of P1/pathogenic Leptospira species hosted by bats worldwide." Zoonoses and Public Health 71, no. 5 (2024): 457–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13445599.

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(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Introduction: Bats are a diverse group of mammals that have unique features allowing them to act as reservoir hosts for several zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira. Leptospires have been classified into pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophytic groups and more recently into clades P1, P2, S1, and S2, being all the most important pathogenic species related to leptospirosis included within the P1/pathogenic clade. Leptospira has been detected from bats in several regions worldwide; however, the diversity of leptospires harboured by bats is sti

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34

Matiz‐González, J. Manuel, Jesús A. Ballesteros‐Ballesteros, María Hernández, et al. "Genetic diversity of P1/pathogenic Leptospira species hosted by bats worldwide." Zoonoses and Public Health 71, no. 5 (2024): 457–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13445599.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Introduction: Bats are a diverse group of mammals that have unique features allowing them to act as reservoir hosts for several zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira. Leptospires have been classified into pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophytic groups and more recently into clades P1, P2, S1, and S2, being all the most important pathogenic species related to leptospirosis included within the P1/pathogenic clade. Leptospira has been detected from bats in several regions worldwide; however, the diversity of leptospires harboured by bats is sti

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35

Matiz‐González, J. Manuel, Jesús A. Ballesteros‐Ballesteros, María Hernández, et al. "Genetic diversity of P1/pathogenic Leptospira species hosted by bats worldwide." Zoonoses and Public Health 71, no. 5 (2024): 457–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13445599.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Introduction: Bats are a diverse group of mammals that have unique features allowing them to act as reservoir hosts for several zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira. Leptospires have been classified into pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophytic groups and more recently into clades P1, P2, S1, and S2, being all the most important pathogenic species related to leptospirosis included within the P1/pathogenic clade. Leptospira has been detected from bats in several regions worldwide; however, the diversity of leptospires harboured by bats is sti

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36

Matiz‐González, J. Manuel, Jesús A. Ballesteros‐Ballesteros, María Hernández, et al. "Genetic diversity of P1/pathogenic Leptospira species hosted by bats worldwide." Zoonoses and Public Health 71, no. 5 (2024): 457–68. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13445599.

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Abstract:

(Uploaded by Plazi for the Bat Literature Project) Introduction: Bats are a diverse group of mammals that have unique features allowing them to act as reservoir hosts for several zoonotic pathogens such as Leptospira. Leptospires have been classified into pathogenic, intermediate, and saprophytic groups and more recently into clades P1, P2, S1, and S2, being all the most important pathogenic species related to leptospirosis included within the P1/pathogenic clade. Leptospira has been detected from bats in several regions worldwide; however, the diversity of leptospires harboured by bats is sti

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Ackermann, Kerstin, Rebecca Kenngott, Monica Settles, Hartmut Gerhards, Johann Maierl, and Bettina Wollanke. "In Vivo Biofilm Formation of Pathogenic Leptospira spp. in the Vitreous Humor of Horses with Recurrent Uveitis." Microorganisms 9, no. 9 (2021): 1915. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091915.

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Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) causes painful inflammatory attacks and oftentimes blindness in the affected eyes. The disease is considered a late sequela of systemic leptospirosis. The most effective therapy is the surgical removal of the vitreous (vitrectomy), which is not only therapeutic, but provides vitreous material that can be assessed diagnostically. For example, the lipL32 gene, culturable Leptospira spp., and anti-Leptospira antibodies have all been detected in vitreous samples obtained from eyes with chronic ERU. Despite this clear evidence of leptospiral involvement, the systemic

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Gupta, Suman, James Matsunaga, David Haake, Fayyaz Sutterwala, and Suzanne Cassel. "Host-pathogen interactions in Leptospirosis." Journal of Immunology 212, no. 1_Supplement (2024): 1158_5238. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.212.supp.1158.5238.

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Abstract Leptospirosis is an emerging zoonotic disease, predominant in tropical and sub-tropical climates, with increasing sporadic outbreaks worldwide causing around 60,000 deaths per year. The spirochetal bacteria Leptospira interrogans is the major causative agent of leptospirosis. Canines and livestock animals are particularly susceptible to Leptospira and develop acute symptoms. Rodents, on the other hand, serve as reservoir hosts in which the bacteria chronically colonize the kidneys and get excreted in the urine. Humans are incidental hosts but can develop fulminant disease which can pr

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Thayaparan, Siva, Ian Robertson, Fairuz Amraan, Lela Su'ut, and Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah. "Serological Prevalence of Leptospiral Infection in Wildlife in Sarawak, Malaysia." Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology 2, no. 2 (2016): 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/bjrst.281.2013.

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Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic leptospiral bacteria, which are transmitted directly orindirectly from animals to humans or animal to animal. The first phase of this proposed study was carried out todetermine the extent of exposure to leptospirosis in wild mammals surrounded by human settlements aroundwildlife or tourism area (Wind Cave, Fairy Cave, Bako National Park and Matang Wildlife Center). This studyreports an incident of leptospirosis among primates (three captive and two free ranging), rats, bats, squirrels andmongoose around Kuching, Sarawak area, which has b

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Franco, Alieksandr Karnauchovas, José Victor Pronievicz Barreto, Bruna Fonseca Matias, et al. "Leptospirose em Ovinos: Revisão Clínico Microbiológica." Ensaios e Ciência C Biológicas Agrárias e da Saúde 24, no. 5-esp. (2021): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2020v24n5-esp.p462-468.

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A leptospirose é uma zoonose causada por uma bactéria do gênero Leptospira. Trata-se de uma enfermidade infecciosa de distribuição mundial, de ocorrência maior em países de clima tropical e subtropical, principalmente, nos períodos mais chuvosos, quando existem condições ambientais, que aumentam a sobrevivência da bactéria no ambiente. Esta enfermidade acomete os seres humano e, praticamente, todos os animais domésticos e selvagens, que podem se tornar portadores e contribuírem para a disseminação do micro-organismo na natureza. Nos ovinos, a enfermidade pode provocar falhas reprodutivas e abo

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Abdul Rahman, Mohammad Sabri, Siti Khairani Bejo, Zunita Zakaria, Latiffah Hassan, and Mohd Azri Roslan. "Detection of Leptospira wolffii in Water and Soil on Livestock Farms in Kelantan After a Massive Flood." Sains Malaysiana 52, no. 5 (2023): 1383–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5205-05.

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Pathogenic leptospires cause leptospirosis in both animals and humans around the world. Humans can be infected by leptospires through direct contact with infected animals or indirect contact with leptospires contaminated water or soil. Outbreaks of leptospirosis usually occur after heavy rainfall and flooding, particularly in endemic areas. The aim of this study was to detect the presence of leptospires in water and soil in livestock farms after a massive flood in Kelantan. Samples were collected from 28 livestock farms in Kelantan, comprising 62 water samples and 62 soil samples, respectively

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Verma, Ashutosh, Esteban Soto, Oscar Illanes, Souvik Ghosh, and Carmen Fuentealba. "Detection and genotyping of Leptospira spp. from the kidneys of a seemingly healthy pig slaughtered for human consumption." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 9, no. 05 (2015): 530–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.5727.

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Introduction: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp. Leptospirosis is maintained in an environment due to chronic kidney infection of a wide variety of domestic, peridomestic and wild reservoir mammals. In this study the role of pigs in maintenance of leptospires on the Caribbean island of St. Kitts was investigated. Methodology: The condemned kidneys of 60 pigs slaughtered at a St. Kitts abattoir were screened by a quantitative-PCR for the presence of Leptospira spp. Positive samples were genotyped using a six-gene based multilocus sequence typing scheme. Res

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Branger, C., C. Sonrier, B. Chatrenet, et al. "Identification of the Hemolysis-Associated Protein 1 as a Cross-Protective Immunogen of Leptospira interrogans by Adenovirus-Mediated Vaccination." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 11 (2001): 6831–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.11.6831-6838.2001.

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ABSTRACT New vaccine strategies are needed for the prevention of leptospirosis, a widespread human and animal disease caused by pathogenic leptospires. Our previous work determined that a protein leptospiral extract conferred cross-protection in a gerbil model of leptospirosis. The 31- to 34-kDa protein fraction of Leptospira interrogans serovar autumnalis was shown sufficient for this purpose. In the present study, N-terminal sequencing of a 32-kDa fraction and Southern blotting of genomic DNA with corresponding degenerated oligonucleotide probes identified two of its constituents: hemolysis-

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Scanziani, E., L. Crippa, Anna M. Giusti, et al. "Leptospira interrogans serovar sejroe infection in a group of laboratory dogs." Laboratory Animals 29, no. 3 (1995): 300–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367795781088261.

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Interstitial nephritis was seen histologically in 19 (59%) out of 32 pure-breed beagle dogs (16 males and 16 females) subjected to standard safety tests. In these animals no clinical abnormalities were observed and all the tested parameters (haematology, biochemistry and urine analysis) were within the normal ranges. Leptospiral antibody titres ranging from 1:100 to 1:6400, against a serovar ( hardio) belonging to the Sejroe serogroup, were detected by the microscopic agglutination test (MAT) in the serum of the 19 dogs with interstitial nephritis. All animals without renal lesions were serone

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Asoh, Tatsuma, Mitsumasa Saito, Sharon Y. A. M. Villanueva, Takaaki Kanemaru, Nina Gloriani, and Shin-ichi Yoshida. "Natural defense by saliva and mucosa against oral infection by Leptospira." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 60, no. 6 (2014): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2014-0016.

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Leptospirosis caused by drinking water has not been as frequently reported as percutaneous infection. Resistance to oral infection by pathogenic Leptospira was examined in an experimental hamster infection model. The results suggested some natural defenses against oral infection by Leptospira. First, we found that characteristic linear agglutination of Leptospira rapidly occurs when mixed with human saliva. That human saliva attenuated the infectivity of the treated leptospires by its agglutination activity suggested saliva to be the first line of defense against oral infection by leptospires.

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Taseva, Evgenia, Iva Christova, Elitsa Panayotova, and Iva Trifonova. "INVESTIGATION OF MURINE RODENTS FOR THE PRESENCE OF LEPTOSPIRA DNA BY NESTED PCR." PROBLEMS of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases 47, no. 1 (2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.58395/pipd.v47i1.14.

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Leptospirosis is a zooanthroponosis with natural foci. People become infected with leptospires either directly from host animals or by means of certain elements of the external environment. Circulation of leptospires in nature is maintained by reservoirs and supporting hosts. For the first time in Bulgaria we applied nested PCR in examining organs of murine rodents for the presence of Leptospira spp. DNA. A total of 109 rodents were investigated after being collected from 4 districts in Southern Bulgaria: Plovdiv, Pazardzhik, Smolyan and Blagoevgrad. The genome of Leptospira spp. was found in

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Zhang, Xiang-Yan, Yang Yu, Ping He, et al. "Expression and Comparative Analysis of Genes Encoding Outer Membrane Proteins LipL21, LipL32 and OmpL1 in Epidemic Leptospires." Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 37, no. 10 (2005): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7270.2005.00094.x.

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AbstractLeptospiral outer membrane proteins (OMPs) are highly conserved in different species, and play an essential role in the development of new immunoprotection and serodiagnosis strategies. The genes encoding LipL21, LipL32 and OmpL1 were cloned from the complete genome sequence of Leptospira interrogans serovar lai strain Lai and expressed in vitro. Sequence comparison analysis revealed that the three genes were highly conserved among distinct epidemic leptospires, including three major epidemic species Leptospira interrogans, Leptospira borgpetersenii and Leptospira weilii, in China. Imm

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Liu, Dongyou, Mark L. Lawrence, Frank W. Austin, A. Jerald Ainsworth, and Lanny W. Pace. "PCR detection of pathogenic Leptospira genomospecies targeting putative transcriptional regulator genes." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 52, no. 3 (2006): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w05-120.

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The genus Leptospira comprises multiple genomospecies that demonstrate varied pathogenic potential. The availability of rapid and precise diagnostic procedures to differentiate pathogenic from nonpathogenic Leptospira spp. is therefore essential to prevent an otherwise easily treatable malaise from developing into a life-threatening disease. In this report, we conducted an investigation on the diagnostic potential of Leptospira genes encoding putative tran scriptional regulators. While PCR primers derived from transcriptional regulator gene la1137 recognized all 24 pathogenic Leptospira strain

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Bertasio, Cristina, Maria Beatrice Boniotti, Laura Lucchese, et al. "Detection of New Leptospira Genotypes Infecting Symptomatic Dogs: Is a New Vaccine Formulation Needed?" Pathogens 9, no. 6 (2020): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060484.

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Leptospirosis in dogs has been largely described worldwide, and epidemiological studies have been mainly based on serological data. This study aims to detect and genotype leptospires affecting symptomatic dogs in Northeast Italy between 2013 and 2019. Overall, 1631 dogs were tested using real-time PCR, and leptospires from 193 dogs were subjected to Multilocus Sequence Typing and a Multiple Loci Variable-number Tandem Repeat Analysis. Leptospires were successfully isolated from 15 symptomatic dogs. Six distinct Sequence Types (STs) were found for 135 leptospires, with 3 STs characterizing Lept

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BEDIR, ORHAN, ABDULLAH KILIC, ERDINC ATABEK, AHMET MERT KUSKUCU, VEDAT TURHAN, and A. CELAL BASUSTAOGLU. "Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Pathogenic and Nonpathogenic Leptospira spp. by Multiplex Real-Time PCR (TaqMan) Assay." Polish Journal of Microbiology 59, no. 3 (2010): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2010-026.

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Leptospirosis, caused by pathogenic Leptospira, is one of the most important zoonoses in the world. Several molecular techniques have been developed for detection and differentiation between pathogenic and saprophytic Leptospira spp. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and simple assay for specific detection and differentiation of pathogenic Leptospira spp. by multiplex real-time PCR (TaqMan) assay using primers and probes targeting Leptospira genus specific 16S ribosomal RNA gene, the pathogen specific lig A/B genes and nonpathogen Leptospira biflexa specific 23S ribosomal RNA gene.

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