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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lesbian history'

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1

Anderson, Carolyn A. "The voices of older lesbian women an oral history /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq64850.pdf.

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2

Burmeister, Heather Jo. "Rural Revolution: Documenting the Lesbian Land Communities of Southern Oregon." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1080.

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Out of the politically charged atmosphere of the 1960s and 1970s emerged a migration to "the land" and communes, which popularly became known as the back-to-the-land movement. This migration occurred throughout the United States, as well as many other countries, and included clusters of land based communities in southern Oregon. Within these clusters, lesbian feminist women created lesbian separatist lands and communes. These women were well educated, and politically active in movements such as the New Left, Civil Rights, Women's Liberation, and Gay Liberation. These lands or communes functioned together as a community network that developed and commodified lesbian art, which impacted and influenced the development of lesbian art over time. In Oregon, as of 2011, at least ten known lesbian lands still existed. This cluster belonged to an extended community that stretched down into California and over into New Mexico. Over a two-year period I collected, transcribed, and studied the oral histories of eight of the elders of the women's land movement in southern Oregon. The purpose of this study is to better understand this movement of lesbian feminists the development of lesbian art and culture over time. The lesbian feminist back-to-the-land movement made the conscious choice to disengage from the patriarchal mainstream rather than continue participation in their own oppression. They viewed lesbian feminist separatism and the creation of safe lesbian land as a way to reconstruct their self-identity and influence the continued self-perception of lesbians the world over through art and literature. Based on these oral histories and archival materials, it became evident that the women within the lesbian land communities developed and maintained land on which they could re-examine who they were, re-educate themselves and each other, learn practical skills, construct new identities, create art, and broadcast their creations out into the world through organized media networks. One of the key features of this construction of lesbian land culture was the desire to share--share power, share money, share responsibilities, share knowledge, share land, share lovers. On the one hand, ownership was eschewed as elitist and patriarchal, while simultaneously important to the continuity of women's land and its protection from what could be described as patriarchal profit motives. They developed infrastructure, altered language, created a spiritual practice, and made art. The material and artistic culture was created in concert with modes or mediums of transmission, casting it out to a much wider audience. These creative activities influenced and impacted women beyond Oregon, beyond the lesbian land communities, and beyond the 1970s. By examining the lesbian land movement in southern Oregon, we can better understand the impact on LGBTQ culture, and the continued albeit unintentional impact on the questioning of the gender binary and sexual identity. In other words, the feminist and queer questioning of identity construction and symbolic language began here.
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3

Mundell, Mel. "Remember Who You Are: The Story of Portland Dykecore." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1377.

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From the dumpster-diving spiky haired dykes of the 1990s to the land-loving political lesbian folkies of the 1970s, queer women in Portland, OR have a long history of non-consumer-driven culture making, separatism and guitars. Remember Who You Are: The Story of Portland Dykecore explores the roots of the all-ages dyke-made music scene that exploded between 1990 and 2000.
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4

Schwendener, Alyssa E. "The most fantastic lie| The invention of lesbian histories." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10004166.

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The Most Fantastic Lie explores the troubled realm of lesbian history through contemporary art practice, visual culture, and activist collectives, arguing the necessity of new strategies toward the construction of marginalized histories in the absence of traditional evidence-based documentation. I identify three overlapping strategies toward the reconstruction of lesbian and queer histories: the documentation and collection of existing material evidence by grassroots archivists and contemporary artists who base their practice in affective relationships to archival objects; the manipulation of found objects, in the tradition of Claude Levi-Strauss’s concept of bricolage, to serve as visual placeholders for absent histories; and the fabrication of material evidence by artists working in a mode referred to by Carrie Lambert-Beatty as parafiction: deceptions that have productive power in the creation of new senses of plausibility. These strategies, in addition to providing visual pleasure to those seeking lesbian and queer histories, each mount critiques of institutionalized notions of legitimate history. In shucking the burden of proof and elevating denigrated forms of evidence such as gossip, oral history, and fantasy, artists and collectives are able to construct lesbian histories while simultaneously demonstrating the unstable foundations of historical truths.

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5

Plitt, Joel Ivan. "History museum and archive of the lesbian and gay community of New York City." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/53383.

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This thesis is an exercise in responsibility regarding my actions as an architect. It is based upon the belief that architecture is a product conveying culture. While architecture can convey culture, it also has the potential to shape and facilitate change q in culture. Therefore, one can view the architect as more than a technician, making architecture stand and work properly, or an artist, concerned with the aesthetic/architectonic qualities of architecture, but rather as an active entity who can both convey and change cultural values through the built environment. The struggle in this thesis regarding responsibility has been to make my role more than an active entity in culture, but a consciously active entity in culture. Since I have long viewed culture as a political product and one's existence in culture as a political act, then one’s responsibility as an architect could be to make architecture as the conscious embodiment of a political ideology. For me, feminism is the political ideology, and Liberative Architecture is the conscious embodiment.
Master of Architecture
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6

Murphy, Amy Tooth. "Reading the lives between the lines : lesbian literature and oral history in post-war Britain." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4243/.

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In existing scholarship of twentieth-century British lesbian history the post-war period has been largely overlooked. Whereas the interwar period and the 1970s and 1980s have garnered much critical interest as crucial loci of lesbian identity formation, the post-war period has been obscured between the two. What work does exist has focused almost exclusively on the creation of lesbian public spaces and lesbian communities. This has been to the exclusion of research into lesbian home and private life, and has also served to obscure experiences of closeted or isolated women. The critical focus on the interwar period in particular has also been facilitated and corroborated by lesbian literary studies, which has used the modernist movement as the backbone for the creation of a lesbian literary canon. This has been to the obscuration of lesbian literature of the post-war period. Furthermore, this academic bias has overlooked the significance of the cultural value of such literature by failing to acknowledge or investigate what lesbians in post-war Britain were actually reading. This thesis positions itself at the intersection of these research gaps. Employing an interdisciplinary approach this project argues for the greater inclusion of post-war literature and post-war lesbian lives in scholarly investigation. Through close textual analysis of a range of post-war lesbian literature and oral history interviews conducted by the author, this thesis presents insights into the minutiae of lesbian life and into the roots of lesbian identity formation within this period. To situate itself within existing historiography this thesis takes as its starting point the lesbian magazine, Arena Three (1964-71), undertaking an analysis of the magazine’s book review column in order to build a picture of the post-war lesbian reader. Following on from this, close textual analyses of lesbian pulp fiction and original oral history transcripts are used to assess representations of domesticity. Specifically the concepts of hetero-domesticity and homo-domesticity are developed and employed to investigate lesbian identities as they existed within both heterosexual and same-sex relationships. Graham Dawson’s oral history theory of ‘composure’ is used to examine how lesbian narrators are successful or unsuccessful in incorporating experiences of hetero-domesticity into wider lesbian narratives. This framework is similarly employed to investigate the ways in which homo-domestic experiences can assist lesbian narrators to achieve composure. Lastly oral history reminiscences of reading in the post-war period are analysed in order to assess the role that literature played, both in lesbian identity formation and in facilitating narrators’ journeys into wider lesbian social worlds.
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7

Parker, Sarah Louise. "The lesbian muse : homoeroticism, female poetic identity and contemporary muse figures." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3498/.

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This thesis addresses the concept of the contemporary muse in the work of six late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century women poets. In my introduction, I detail the history of the muse in literary tradition. I examine the problems that the gendered dynamic of poet/muse presented, by restricting women to a passive, inspiring role. I argue that, due to these problematic aspects, contemporary feminist criticism of the woman poet’s muse has often elided the homoerotic desire and power-play that structures these relationships. To rectify this, I focus on contemporary, living muse figures. I emphasise why these kinds of figures (as opposed to dead, historical or mythological muses) were particularly inspiring to women poets in the late-nineteenth/early-twentieth centuries. I also address the specific ethical dilemmas of claiming a living muse. My four main chapters detail and theorise the dynamics between poets and their contemporary muses: Michael Field and Bernard Berenson; Olive Custance and Lord Alfred Douglas; Amy Lowell and Eleonora Duse/Ada Russell; and H.D. and Bryher. My conclusion draws these individual studies together to emphasise their illuminating similarities, including the increased fluidity between the roles of poet/muse, destabilisation of gender categories, and the presence of a third term that mediates the muse/poet relationship.
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8

MCDONAGH, Patrick James. "Homosexuals are revolting : a history of gay and lesbian activism in the Republic of Ireland, 1973 -1993." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/60677.

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Defence date: 14 January 2019
Examining Board: Professor Pieter M. Judson, EUI (Supervisor); Professor Laura L. Downs, EUI (Second Reader); Professor Diarmaid Ferriter, University College Dublin; Doctor Sean Brady, Birkbeck, University of London.
This project explores the history of gay and lesbian activism in the Republic of Ireland from 1973 to 1993. Using primary archival material and oral interviews it challenges the current historical narrative which presupposes that gay and lesbian activism in Ireland was confined to a legal battle to decriminalise sexual activity between males and confined to the activities of one man, David Norris. The project broadens the campaign for gay rights in Ireland to include other individuals, organisations, concerns, aims, strategies, and activities outside Dublin. In particular, the thesis demonstrates the extent to which there were numerous gay and lesbian organisations throughout Ireland which utilised the media, the trade union movement, student movement and support from international gay/lesbian organisations to mount an effective campaign to improve both the legal and social climate for Ireland’s gay and lesbian citizens. While politicians in recent years have claimed credit for the dramatic changes in attitudes to homosexuality in Ireland, this project demonstrates the extent to which these dramatic changes were pioneered, not my politicians, but rather by gay and lesbian activists throughout Ireland, in both urban and provincial regions, since the 1970s. The project considered the emergence of a visible gay community in Ireland and its impact on changing perceptions of homosexuals; the important role played by lesbian women; the role of provincial gay/lesbian activists; the extent to which HIV/AIDS impacted the gay rights campaign in Ireland; and how efforts to interact with the Roman Catholic Church, political parties, and other important stakeholders shaped the strategies of gay/lesbian organisations. Homosexuals are revolting: A history of gay and lesbian activism in the Republic of Ireland, 1973-1993, reveals the extent to which gay and lesbian activists were important agents of social and political change in Ireland, particularly in terms of Irish sexual mores and gender norms. This project helps to contextualise the dramatic changes in relation to homosexuality that have taken place in recent years in Ireland and encourages scholars to further explore the contribution of Ireland’s queer citizens to the transformation of Ireland in the twentieth- and twentieth-first century.
Chapters 1 'Smashing the wall of silence: Irish Gay Rights Movement' and chapter 3 'Decentring the metropolis: gay and lesbian activism in Cork, forging their own path?' of the PhD thesis draws upon an earlier version published as an article '“Homosexuals are revolting” : gay & lesbian activism in the Republic of Ireland 1970s -1990s' (2017) in the journal 'Studi Irlandesi: a journal of Irish studies'
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9

Hines, Heather. "The LGBT Community Responds: The Lavender Scare and the Creation of Midwestern Gay and Lesbian Publications." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1499359433882651.

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10

Osterbur, Megan E. "When is it Our Time?: An Event History Model of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Rights Policy Adoption." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2012. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1471.

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Gays and lesbians have long struggled for their rights as citizens, yet only recently has their struggle been truly politicized in a way that fosters mobilization. When and why social movements coalesce despite the many obstacles to collective action are fundamental questions in comparative politics. While examining social movements is worthwhile, it is important to examine not only when and why a social movement forms, but also when and why a social movement is successful. This dissertation tackles the latter of these objectives, focusing on when and why social movements have success in terms of their duration from the time of their formation until their desired policy output is produced.
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11

Cauley, Catherine S. "Queering the WAC: The World War II Military Experience of Queer Women." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2062.

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The demands of WWII mobilization led to the creation of the first standing women's army in the US known as the Women's Army Corps (WAC). An unintended consequence of this was that the WAC provided queer women with an environment with which to explore their gender and sexuality while also giving them the cover of respectability and service that protected them from harsh societal repercussions. They could eschew family for their military careers. They could wear masculine clothing, exhibit a masculine demeanor, and engage in a homosocial environment without being seen as subversive to the American way of life. Quite the contrary: the outside world saw them as helping to protect their country. This paper looks at the life of one such queer soldier, Dorothee Gore. Dorothee's letters, journals, and memorabilia demonstrate that for many lesbians of her generation, service in the WACS during WWII was a time of relatively open camaraderie and acceptance by straight society.
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12

Lin, Tong (Hilary). "Ji Sor (1997): Self-Realization of Women in Cinema and in History." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1671.

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100 years ago, there was a group of women called Zishunu who stood up against the whole society and swore off marriage for life. Zishu offered an escape for many women in the Pearl River Delta area. As forerunners in female independence and liberation, Zishunu never had the chance to be the spokesman of themselves or the recognition they deserved. Ji Sor (1997), a groundbreaking work in lesbian-themed movies, beautifully depicts this special and unparalleled historical phenomenon in detail. Released a few months after the Handover of Hong Kong in 1997, this critically acclaimed movie by Hong Kong New Wave filmmaker Jacob Cheung embodies the three biggest fears of an extremely conservative society: absence of marriage, challenges to male hegemony, and homosexuality. Although seen as representatives of strong and independent women, Zishunu had to make a lot of compromises to the patriarchal culture to be allowed not to marry. The emancipation of Zishunu, although as a huge advancement in the feminism in China, is not a complete liberation. Women emancipation cannot be achieved by women celibacy. A hundred years later, we are still asking what gender equality really means, what is women’s power, what is independence, what is feminism? Through the analyses of Zishu and Ji Sor both individually and together, this thesis explores the meanings of gender equalities and sexual identities mean in the cinematic world and in the real world. There shouldn’t be a set of standards of how women should act. The right that a woman should have, just like a real women’s movie, is the autonomy to make her own decisions.
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13

Faulkner, Heather. "Reframing the Subject/Reframing the Self: Contextualising Lesbian Ontology in North of the Border: Stories from the “A Matter of Time” Project." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366837.

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This doctoral submission is comprised of two parts: a studio research component in the form of North of the Border – a book of photographs and interview-based narratives – and an exegetical dissertation that speaks to the ethical, conceptual, methodological and practice frameworks informing the studio outcome. Both were made possible by the collaboration of eight lesbians, currently middle-aged, who lived in Queensland during the years of Joh Bjelke-Petersen’s government and who were willing to participate in a project in which they would be named and photographed in documentary and portrait modes; in which they would share their personal memories as well as their current feelings; and in which they would share photographs from their personal collections that refer to their histories and the histories of others. How I have drawn on and rethought theories of documentary photography, and thus how I have undertaken my photographic practice during the project, has been informed by a range of feminist and queer theory. My methodological choices have been reflexively shaped in response to the intersections between those theoretical terrains. A central aim of my documentary exploration of these eight situated histories has been to value and give agency to middle-aged lesbian women. I began this documentary research project in 2008. First I had to find a number of lesbian participants willing to go on the visual and narrative record about the question: “What was it like living in Queensland during the particularly conservative socio-political era of the mid to late twentieth century and how do you interpret that experience to have contributed to who you are today?”
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Queensland College of Art
Arts, Education and Law
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14

Rivers, Daniel Winunwe. "Radical Relations : a history of lesbian and gay parents and their children in the United States, 1945-2003 /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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15

Lusby, Michael Anthony. "Ghent Gayland: A Case Study of the Gay and Lesbian Community and Media of Norfolk, Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626666.

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16

Shackelford, Maggie. "Unsung Heroes: Lesbian Activists in the AIDS Epidemic in North Carolina and California, 1981-1989." W&M ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539624393.

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17

Duder, Karen. "Spreading depths: lesbian and bisexual women in English Canada, 1910-1965." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3218.

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Most women who desired women in the period 1910-1965 did not have the identity categories “lesbian” and “bisexual” available to them. Even in this linguistic vacuum, however, many were able to explore same-sex relationships, to engage in physical sexual activity with women, and even to form community on the basis of same-sex desire and behaviour. How were they able to understand themselves in relation to the homophobic world in which they lived? This dissertation examines the lives of lesbians and bisexual women in English Canada between 1910 and 1965, focusing particularly on the formation of subjectivity in relation to same-sex desires, relationships with partners and families of origin, sexual practices, and community. An analysis of oral testimonies, of journals, and of love letters shows that particular life events—the first awareness of same-sex attraction, physical exploration of that attraction, the finding of a language with which to describe same-sex desires and relationships, the first important same-sex relationship, and the finding of community—served as turning points in the formation of subjectivity. The story of that journey was later expressed as a linear and essentialist “coming out” narrative in which the individual triumphed over homophobia and ignorance and discovered her true self. That narrative structure is both understandable in the context of essentialist definitions of sexual orientation and a politically necessary one, given the need for a single identity category under which to campaign for legal and social recognition. The two dominant formulations of same-sex relationships between women before 1965—the “romantic friendship” and the “butch-femme relationship”— have obscured and made culturally unintelligible the lives of lower middle-class lesbians and bisexual women who were neither politically active nor fighting publicly for urban lesbian space. This dissertation analyses the lives of this neglected group of women and argues that their subjectivities were constructed not only in relation to sexual attraction, but also in relation to class. Middle-class ideas of respectability and an antagonism to bar culture resulted in the formation of class-specific lesbian subjectivities. This dissertation also suggests that women in same-sex relationships before the allegedly more liberal decades of the late twentieth century may actually have had slightly better relationships with families of origin than would later be the case. Greater adherence to notions of duty and obligation, fewer economic opportunities enabling women to live independently of family, the lack of a publicly available discourse of pathology with which families could define and reject their wayward daughters, and the lack of later notions of “alternative” lesbian families and community meant that many remained rather closer to their families than would lesbians after 1965.
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18

Winkelmann, Cathrin. "The limits of representation? : the expression and repression of desire in 20th-century German lesbian narratives." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38437.

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This study investigates the expression and repression of desire in four 20th-century German-language lesbian prose texts. I examine in chronological order three novels and one novella: Der Skorpion (1919) by Anna Elisabet Weirauch; Lyrische Novelle (1933) by the Swiss author Annemarie Schwarzenbach; Der Schlachter empfiehlt noch immer Herz (1976) by Margot Schroeder; and, finally, Bilder von ihr (1996) by Karen-Susan Fessel. While not concentrating on any single literary work, the excursus on texts from the period between the Third Reich and the Second Feminist Movement in Germany provides a brief analysis of the (lack of) lesbian literary developments during this time.
Drawing on diverse lesbian-feminist and queer strains of criticism, this study provides a close examination of the narrative elements, strategies, and styles used to inscribe lesbian desire into the literary works selected for analysis. The investigation explores how these texts utilize narrative conceptualizations of lesbian desire, critiques of heterophallocentric language and representation, and strategies to create lesbian narrative spaces that challenge the heterosexual presumptions and trajectories which traditionally underlie conventional Western romance narratives. The constructions of "lesbian" identity presented in the texts are fundamentally connected to the creation and operation of these narrative spaces. Thus, in order to contextualize my interpretations and literary analyses, I situate the texts in the respective socio-historical and political contexts in which they were written and received.
The unresolved problems, prevailing tensions, and their individual differences notwithstanding, the narratives examined here collectively contribute to a lesbian counterdiscourse to the 20th-century German literary establishment. By exploring the strategies invoked in these texts to represent a desiring textual lesbian subjectivity, this study hopes to make visible a tradition of Germanlanguage lesbian literature---a fragmented and often marginalized literature---over the last century and to offer German literary studies insights from the periphery of the dominant heterosexual culture. However, this investigation simultaneously and paradoxically also contests the very positioning of German lesbian literature and criticism at the margins by proposing their strategic integration into the German literary canon.
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Pratt, Marnie. "The L Word Menace: Envisioning Popular Culture as Political Tool." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1213737135.

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Talley, Jodie. "A Queer Miracle in Georgia: The Origins of Gay-Affirming Religion in the South." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07312006-142224/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.
Title from title screen. Duane Corpis, committee chair; Cliff Kuhn, committee member. Electronic text (168 p.). Description based on contents viewed Apr. 30, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 167-168).
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Savard, Shannon N. Savard. "Growing Tribes: Reality Theatre and Columbus' Gay and Lesbian Community." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524152632871631.

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Macune, Emily. "Uncovering Alice Bag: An Alternative Punk History." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/1242.

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The intention of this thesis is to provide an alternative counter-narrative to the mainstream histories of punk that center white men. By focusing on the contributions of fem queer and POC punks, I aim to legitimize punk music as a form of resistance against systems of oppression that are oppositional to the commodified forms of mainstream punk. Using Alice Bag, as my central case study as a fem queer punk that is often left out of punk historical narratives, I contextualize her work through feminist, queer, and media studies lenses to bridge the gap between academia and forgotten personal experience.
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Monegan, Max Turner. "A Different Kind of Community: Queerness and Urban Ambiguity in Northeast Ohio, 1945 - 1980." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1555933063637255.

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Fiorini, John Carl. "Deviants of Great Potential: Images of the Leopold-Loeb Case." W&M ScholarWorks, 2013. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623611.

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Deviants of Great Potential analyzes the 1924 Leopold-Loeb case as a cultural narrative with important effects on the marginalization of same-sex sexuality in men throughout the twentieth century and into the twenty-first. After Chicago teenagers Nathan Leopold and Richard Loeb were arrested for the United States' first nationally recognized "thrill killing," the apparently motiveless murder of fourteen-year-old Robert Franks, the Leopold-Loeb case became an instant cause celebre. The popular fixation on the case continued in the decades after 1924, as journalists and behavioral scientists treated it as a precedent for understanding a certain type of crime and criminal. Meanwhile---especially after World War II---a slew of novelists, playwrights, and filmmakers offered their own interpretations.;Through the intertwining representations of the case in fiction and nonfiction, the Leopold-Loeb case became a cautionary tale about the dangers of "abnormal" sexuality in men. Narratives of the case portrayed Leopold and Loeb's sexual relationship as the sine qua non of Robert Franks's murder, and the case thereby came to represent same-sex sexuality as a threat to moral order and public safety, and to serve as a counterexample of the traits "normal" men should or should not exhibit.
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Barbera, Gianni. "Denied to Serve: Gay Men and Women in the American Military and National Security in World War II and the Early Cold War." Chapman University Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/war_and_society_theses/3.

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Gay men and women have existed in the United States and in the armed forces much longer than legally and socially permitted. By World War II, a cultural shift began within the gay communities of the United States as thousands of gay men and women enlisted in the armed forces. Military policies barred gay service members by reinforcing stereotypes that gay men threatened the wellbeing of other soldiers. Such policies fostered the idea that only particular kinds of men could adequately serve. There were two opposing outcomes for the service of returning gay and lesbian veterans. For many hiding their sexuality from public view, they were granted benefits for their service to the country. For others not as lucky, they received nothing and were stripped of their benefits and rank. With the benefits of the new GI Bill, millions of veterans attended schools and bought homes immediately after the war, and the 1950s marked a new era in the course of the United States. But the Cold War’s deep fear of communism and subversives gripped the United States at the highest levels of government and permeated to the rest of society. This thesis examines the experiences of gay men and women in the American military in World War II and the early Cold War. Particularly after World War II, their experiences as veterans were not only limited to their time in service, but extended far into their civilian lives. This research primarily incorporates scholarly sources from 1981 to present with early gay magazines of the 1950s and 1960s and other archival materials available through the ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives at University of Southern California (USC) in Los Angeles.
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Silva, Zuleide Paiva da. "“Sapatão não é bagunça”: estudo das organizações lésbicas da Bahia." Faculdade de Educação, 2016. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/24026.

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Esta tese utiliza como estratégia a escrita de si para tomar os movimentos de lésbicas como objeto de estudo e as lésbicas politicas, também chamadas sapatão, como sujeitas da pesquisa. O propósito do estudo é cartografar as primeiras organizações lésbicas da Bahia, surgidas entre 1970 e 2003. O problema teórico e empírico está centrado na “invisibilidade lésbica” percebida como expressão da lesbofobia, um fenômeno social, cultural e político que exige uma soma de esforços da sociedade para a sua erradicação. O argumento central está na afirmativa de que os movimentos de lésbicas no Brasil têm sua história imbricada aos movimentos heterofeministas e LGBT, embora sua trajetória seja invisibilizada por todos eles. Ao ressaltar que “sapatão não é bagunça”, esta tese afirma que lésbica política é resistência, potência que visibiliza e promove a existência lésbica em diferentes tempos históricos. Com o desafio de quebrar o silêncio acadêmico em torno da existência lésbica na Bahia, o estudo assume a crença na impermanência das coisas e a experiência subjetiva como ponto de partida na produção de conhecimento situado, focando a análise nas dimensões histórica, política e formativa das organizações lésbicas, sem desconsiderar que essas dimensões estão imbricadas e são inseparáveis na construção do objeto de estudo. Para tanto, nega toda e qualquer noção essencializante da sexualidade, ao tempo em que reconhece a identidade como uma produção que está sempre em processo e nunca se completa. Situada no campo dos estudos feministas, desenvolvida a partir de pesquisa qualitativa, a tese mantém resistência aos regimes de normalidades e reconhece a necessidade de uma epistemologia lésbica baseada na interseccionalidade das categorias. Seguindo um impulso desconstrucionista, o horizonte metodológico é inspirado pela Filosofia da Vida e orientado pelos paradigmas “O pessoal é político”, Exu e “Latino Americano”, apreendendo as fontes não como provas, ou verdades, mas discursos que se conectam uns aos outros na formação de novos discursos sobre a realidade analisada. O resultado sugere que o conjunto de organizações lésbicas analisadas constituem uma expressão do corpo politico das lésbicas, um corpo coletivo que nasceu nos tempos de ditadura, orientado pela bandeira do lesbofeminismo, de forma não institucionalizada, através da solidariedade entre lésbicas e gays. Sugere, ainda, que, nos anos 90, este corpo se institucionalizou em ONGs e, a partir de 2003, passou a se constituir em rede e, desde então, estreitando o diálogo com o governo federal segue em movimento contínuo de afeto e luta por políticas públicas. Sugere, ainda, que o ENLESBI – Encontro de Lésbicas e Mulheres Bissexuais da Bahia é a expressão mais potente do corpo político das lésbicas que, desde o seu surgimento, investe em um projeto de sociedade formulado em modos de viver e pensar lesbofeminista e antirracista, que se firma na construção de coletivos, grupos só de mulheres. Esses grupos, pelas lentes de Arroyo (2012) e Gohn (2012, 2012a) são percebidos como territórios de produção e difusão de pensamento e movimento que tornam visível a existência lésbica para além da vida privada e, como tal, são espaços de empoderamento feminino, estratégias de enfrentamento aos sistemas heteropatriarcal, racista e capitalista. Escrita na primeira pessoa, sem pretensão de verdade, a tese é caracterizada como saber militante, conhecimento situado desde o corpo sapatão.
ABSTRACT The writing of this thesis is, in itself, a strategy to make lesbian movements an object of study and political lesbians, also known as “dykes”, the subject of research. The intention is to map the first lesbian organizations in Bahia, which emerged between 1970 and 2003. The theoretical and empirical question is centred around “lesbian invisibility”, perceived as an expression of lesbophobia - a social, cultural and political phenomenon that can only be eradicated by joint social action. The central argument is the assertion that the history of lesbian movements in Brazil is enmeshed in the hetero-feminist and LGBT movements, although its trajectory has been made invisible by these very movements. By emphasizing the political slogan “dykes don’t mess up”, the thesis asserts that lesbian politics concerns resistance, the power to make visible and promote lesbian existence at different historical moments. Given the challenge to break the academic silence about lesbian existence in Bahia, the study manifests a belief in the impermanence of things and in subjective experience as a departure point for the production of situated knowledge, focusing its analysis on the political, historical and formative experiences of lesbian organizations, while not forgetting that these dimensions are enmeshed and inseparable within the construction of the study object. To this end, it denies any and all essentialized notions of sexuality, while recognizing identity as something continuously produced and never complete. Situated within the field of feminist studies and developed from qualitative research, the thesis remains resistant to codes of normality and recognizes the need for a lesbian epistemology based on the intersectionality of categories. Following deconstructionism, the methodological approach is inspired by the philosophy of life and guided by “personal and political”, Exu and “Latin American” narratives, understanding that sources are not proofs or truths, but rather discourses that connect to one another and shape new discourses about the analysed context. The results suggest that the group of lesbian organizations analysed here constitute an expression of the lesbian political body, a collective body born at the time of the dictatorship, under the lesbian feminist banner, in an non-institutionalized fashion, through solidarity between lesbians and gays. It also suggests that, in the 1990s, this body became institutionalized into the NGO, and from 2003 onwards began to constitute itself as a network, entering into close dialogue with the federal government and becoming a continuous movement of affect and struggle for public policies. It further suggests that the Meeting of Lesbian and Bisexual Women of Bahia (Encontro de Lésbicas e Mulheres Bissexuais da Bahia: ENLESBI) is a more potent expression of the lesbian political body, which, since its emergence, has invested in a societal project formulated through lesbian feminist and anti-racist modes of living and thinking, which have taken root in the construction of women-only collectives and groups. Through the lens of Arroyo (2012) and Gohn (2012, 2012a), these groups are seen as territories for the production and dissemination of thought and movement that make lesbian existence visible outside private life and, as such, are arenas for female empowerment and strategies to confront hetero-patriarchal, racist and capitalist systems. Written in the first person, with no attempt at the truth, this thesis is characterized by activist knowledge; knowledge situated in the body of the dyke.
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27

Bauer, Halle. "From “Self-Dedicated Culture” to “True Community”: The Lesbian Gay Community Service Center of Cleveland’s Strategies of Visibility, Representation, and Empowerment from 1980 to 1988." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1523228149856621.

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28

Coleman, Jonathan. "Rent: Same-Sex Prostitution in Modern Britain, 1885-1957." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/15.

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Rent: Same-Sex Prostitution in Modern Britain, 1885-1957 chronicles the concept of “rent boys” and the men who purchased their services. This dissertation demonstrates how queer identity in Britain, until contemporary times, was largely regulated by class, in which middle-and-upper-class queer men often perceived of working-class bodies as fetishized consumer goods. The “rent boy” was an upper-class queer fantasy, and working-class men sometimes used this fantasy for their own agenda while others intentionally dismantled the “rent boy” trope, refusing to submit to upper-class expectations. This work also explains how the “rent boy” fantasy was eventually relegated to the periphery of queer life during the mid-century movement for decriminalization. The movement was controlled by queer elites who ostracized economic-based and public forms of sex and emphasized the bourgeois sexual mores of their heterosexual counterparts. Sex between adult men in private was decriminalized, but working-class men selling sex suffered harsher laws and more strictly enforced penalties under this new, ostensibly “progressive” legislation.
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29

Bond, Richard P. "Sexual Orientation and the Advanced Placement Art History Survey." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc700015/.

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This two-part study included a content analysis of an AP art history text and a survey together with interviews with AP art history teachers that embraced both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The first phase of the study examined one of the more popular art history survey texts in the AP art history program, Gardner’s Art through the Ages, in terms of how inclusive it is in addressing issues of sexual orientation and, particularly, same-sex perspectives. In addition, the text was examined for evidence of sexual orientation ignored – particularly same-sex perspectives ignored and for heteronormative hegemonies. The second phase investigated the understandings and opinions of AP art history teachers toward the inclusion of sexual orientation and same-sex perspectives in their curriculums and classrooms. Recent recognition of gay, lesbian, and same-sex perspectives in the study of art history has challenged art educators and art historians to begin to consider opening up their curriculums and writings to include these perspectives. These ignored perspectives produce important understandings that enrich and deepen the discourse of art history. The inclusion of gay and lesbian content and same-sex perspectives to the study of AP art history, not only effectively serves the needs of AP art history teachers, but it provides a more equitable and comprehensive visual arts education to students. The implications of this study are broad and complex. If students are to be well and comprehensively educated in the history of the visual arts, including discussions about the sexual orientation of gay and lesbian artists as well as artworks depicting same-sex perspectives is important. Similarly, their teachers must be well-informed and believe that including such material in the curriculum is important. There is definitely a need for designing more balanced and equitable AP art history programs that include gay and lesbian artists as well as same-sex perspectives. From a multicultural art education perspective, this study reveals that gays and lesbians are marginalized in a major AP art history survey text. It illuminates how an AP art history survey text and AP art history teachers’ attitudes and knowledge base on same-sex perspectives inform their curriculums, specifically concerning what’s important to teach in an AP art history classroom. If approved AP art history survey texts as well as the influential annual AP College Board art history exam included issues of sexual orientation, particularly same-sex perspectives, it would encourage more AP art history teachers to include gay and lesbian artists and same-sex perspectives in their curriculums.
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Butler, Alan John. "Performing LGBT Pride in Plymouth 1950-2012." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5477.

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This thesis considers how the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered communities of Plymouth have performed and signified their own culture and identities during the period 1950 to 2012. Its source materials were largely generated by conducting oral history interviews with members of Plymouth’s LGB and T communities. This resulted in the creation of an archive which included thirty-seven interviews conducted with twenty-four individuals. These interviews, in conjunction with other uncovered archival memorabilia, now form a specific LGBT collection with Plymouth and West Devon Record Office. This PhD thesis interrogates this newly created community archive accession, using theories of performance as a tool, to consider how differing narratives and histories have been constructed, reproduced, contested and maintained. Pride, as a political concept in LGBT culture, is linked to the belief that individuals should maintain and display a sense of dignity in relation to their sexual orientation or gender role as a response to the stigmatisation traditionally associated with being LGB or T. This study tests the relevance of the concept of pride for the lived experience of LGBT communities in Plymouth, concluding that it needs to be understood within personal narratives rather than as primarily manifested in outward-facing forms of performance (such as a parade or a public event). Particularly significant in this regard is the “coming out narrative”. The thesis identifies spaces which, for various reasons, came to be accepted as safe places to accommodate sexual and gender differences in Plymouth in the 1950s and 60s. These strongly reflect Plymouth's location as a port, in combination with the fact that it has played host to each of the armed forces. It considers the impact of international public displays of gay pride from the Stonewall riots in the US through to performances as protest employed by groups such as Outrage! and legislation as Section 28 of the Local Government Act in the UK. The thesis concludes by considering the author’s role in, and wider impact of, the “Pride in Our Past” exhibition, which took place at Plymouth City Museum and Art Gallery (April-June 2012) as part of this research project.
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Olive, James L. "Life Histories of Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, and Queer Postsecondary Students Who Choose To Persist: Education Against The Tide." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1240519522.

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32

Edelbrock, Kyle. "Taking It to the Streets: the History of Gay Pride Parades in Dallas, Texas: 1972-1986." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804987/.

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This thesis describes the organization of two waves of pride parades in the city of Dallas, Texas. Using more than 40 sources, this work details how LGBT organizers have used pride parades to create a more established place for the LGBT community in greater Dallas culture. This works adds to the study of LGBT history by focusing on an understudied region, the South; as well as focusing on an important symbolic event in LGBT communities, pride parades.
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Carlin, Abigail. "Let Us Now Praise Famous Women: Deborah Kass’s The Warhol Project (1992–2000)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243344700.

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34

Harney, Sara. "Catherine Opie's Domestic Series." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/471.

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American photographer Catherine Opie combines portraiture and documentary photography in her photographic series titled Domestic. At the center of this series lies the idea of community and the question of how community is constructed, a theme which unites Opie’s seemingly disparate bodies of work. Domestic depicts lesbians from across the United States in scenes of domesticity, living as couples, families, and housemates. Using formal portrait conventions to aestheticize the images, Opie photographed her subjects in and around their actual homes to create images that are documentary in essence. The series works to represent the lesbian community, which Opie felt had been underrepresented in American fine art photography, as well as present an alternative to the heteronormative view of domestic life in America.
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Svan, Moa. "Svärmisk vänskap bland ogifta yrkesarbetande kvinnor : Mikrohistorisk studie av vänskap genom Maja Beskows korrespondens och dagböcker mellan år 1886–1923." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Historia, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-46447.

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Working and unmarried women could have a life which married women had not. Instead of marriage, they built their social and family life on friendship. They lived with each other, payed rent together, discussed domestic issues such as cleaning and household labour. They also talked about love, and passion, and how to find a friend to share their life with. This particular group of unmarried women did not solely arrange friendship out of practical purposes but also of emotional and social bonds. This study focuses on the teacher Maja Beskow in Umeå and her diaries and correspondence with and about her friends from the year 1896 to 1923. What did they say about friendship? What aspects of life could be found within the friendships?
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Bernsmeier, Jordan. "From Haunting the Code to Queer Ambiguity: Historical Shifts in Adapting Lesbian Narratives from Paper to Film." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1386011853.

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Gelpi, Kaitlyn J. "Behind the Veil." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/153.

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38

de, Souza Torrecilha Ramom. "The mobilization of the gay liberation movement." PDXScholar, 1986. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3661.

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This thesis examines the development and evolution of the gay movement. It raises the questions as to why the gay movement was not organized prior to the 1960's. The study starts in the 1940's and ends in 1970. It employs qualitative research methods for the collection and analysis of primary and secondary data sources. Blumer's description of general and specific social movements and Resource Mobilization Theory were used as theoretical frames of reference. The former explained the developmental stages in the career of the movement and the latter focused on the behavior of movement organizations.
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Smith, Beka. "Gay Bars, Vice, and Reform in Portland, 1948-1965." PDXScholar, 2002. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2961.

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The city of Portland adopted different policies toward gay bars between 1948 and 1965. Portland's conservative mayors, generally uninterested in changing the city or promoting growth, ignored gay bars. Reform mayors instigated campaigns against gay bars to gain public, political, and business support for their broader economic and social goals. They were able to use crackdowns on gay bars as popular components of their reform initiatives because Portland, in comparison to other cities, professed conservatism and morality and had little economic or cultural incentive to tolerate gay bars. Blaming Portland's vice on outsiders, reform mayors argued that their actions protected Portland's traditional reputability, despite the city's long history of tolerating vice and gay bars. This thesis focuses on the reform mayoral administrations of Dorothy McCullough Lee and Terry Schrunk and their policies toward gay bars and vice. Chapter two discusses Lee's attack on all criminality in Portland, and deals briefly with why the previous administration, under Frank Riley, was rejected as corrupt. Terry Schrunk's later reform, centered in suppressing sexual deviance and promoting economic development downtown, is discussed in chapter four. Chapter three describes growing awareness of queer communities, including changing definitions of queerness and perceived threats. These changes in popular beliefs about queerness, although not the direct cause of actions against gay bars in Portland, influenced the types of vice associated with gay bars, arguments used to justify anti-queer actions, and the level of priority placed on suppressing Portland's queer community. This thesis incorporates primary and secondary sources on gay bars, Portland, and queer history. It relies heavily on city council minutes and newspaper articles, but also draws from sources including City Club Bulletins, letters from Schrunk's constituents, interviews, popular psychological works, and comparisons with articles about other cities, such as Miami, San Francisco, and New York.
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40

Powers, Julie Rae. "Queer in the Holler." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1461086849.

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41

Pang, Tian Yang. "Lisa See's Snow Flower and the Secret Fan, the Lao Tong relationship from a feminist perspective." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953434.

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42

Nero, Julie. "Hannah Hoch, Til Brugman, Lesbianism, and Weimar Sexual Subculture." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1347561845.

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43

Williams, Lauren E. "Visualizing the Vampire: Carmilla (1872) and the Portrayal of Desire." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1242582788.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisor: Kimberly Paice. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Aug. 27, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: vampires; Carmilla; art cinema; Lamia; Lilith; Blood and Roses; desire; lesbian vampires. Includes bibliographical references.
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Bullimore, Phillip James. "Pressure from all sides a comparative history of the issues and policies related to the gay and lesbian student populations of The Ohio State University and The University of Michigan, 1971 to 1994 /." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6545.

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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 45 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-45). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Diz, Sabrina. "Spiritual Violence: Queer People and the Sacrament of Communion." FIU Digital Commons, 2013. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/882.

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This thesis addresses spiritual violence done to queer people in the sacrament of Communion, or Eucharist, in both Protestant and Roman Catholic churches in the U.S. Rooted in the sexual dimorphic interpretation of Genesis, theologians engendered Christianity with sexism and patriarchy, both of which have since developed into intricate intersections of oppressions. Religious abuse is founded on the tradition of exclusionary practices and is validated through narrow interpretations of Scripture that work to reassert the authority of the experiences of the dominant culture. The resultant culture of oppression manifests itself in ritualized spiritual violence. Queer people are deemed “unworthy” to take ‘the body and blood of the Christ’ and, in fact, are excluded altogether. This “unworthiness” is expressed as spiritual violence against queer people who are shunned and humiliated, internalize hateful messages, and are denied spiritual guidance or life-affirming messages. By “queering” Scripture, or reading the Bible anew through a framework of justice, queer people have begun to sacramentalize their experiences and reclaim their place at the table.
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46

Achee, Ashley. "A Deconstruction of the Effects of Race, Gender, and Class in the Nineteenth Century British Asylum Complex." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/889.

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This thesis will explore the intersectional construction of the British asylum network in the nineteenth century. It will look at gender, race, and class as factors in the diagnostic process, in addition to the confinement and treatment of the insane.
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47

Kessler, M. David. "Establishing a History and Trajectory of LGBT and Queer Studies Programs in the American Research University: Context for Advancing Academic Diversity and Social Transformation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804893/.

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The system of higher education in the United States of America has retained some of its original character yet it has also grown in many ways. Among the contemporary priorities of colleges and universities are undergraduate student learning outcomes and success along with a growing focus on diversity. As a result, there has been a growing focus on ways to achieve compositional diversity and a greater sense of inclusion with meaningful advances through better access and resources for individuals from non-dominant populations. The clearest result of these advances for sexual and gender diversity has been a normalization of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) identities through positive visibility and greater acceptance on campus. However, it appears that relatively few institutions have focused on improving academic diversity and students’ cognitive growth around LGBTQ issues. Through historical inquiry and a qualitative approach, this study explored the fundamental aspects of formal LGBTQ studies academic programs at some of the leading American research universities, including Cornell University, the University of Maryland, College Park, and the University of Texas at Austin – a purposeful sample chosen from the Association of American Universities (AAU) member institutions with organized curricula focused on the study of sexual and gender diversity. The analysis of primary and secondary sources, including documents and interviews, helped create historical narratives that revealed: a cultural shift was necessary to launch a formal academic program in LGBTQ studies; this formalization of LGBTQ studies programs has been part of the larger effort to improve the campus climate for sexual and gender diversity; and there has been a common pattern to the administration and operation of LGBTQ studies. Clearly, the research shows that LGBTQ studies, as a field of study and formal curriculum, has become institutionalized at the American research university. A key outcome of this research is the creation of a historiography of curricular development around sexual and gender diversity at a sample of premier research universities. This work also begins to fill the gap in the study of academic affairs at the postsecondary level of education related to LGBT and queer studies and the organization and administration of learning about diversity and inclusion. Ultimately, the results of this study can influence the continued advancement and maturity of this legitimate field of study as well as academic diversity and social transformation around sexual and gender diversity.
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Partow, Tara. "Choreographing Diaspora: The Queer Gesture and Racialized Excess of Mohammad Khordadian." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/988.

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Mohammad Khordadian is a gay, Iranian American dancer and entertainer who immigrated to the United States from Iran shortly after the 1979 revolution. Since his arrival to the United States, Khordadian has produced countless instructional and presentational dance videos which garnered enormous popularity among diasporic Iranians and Iranians in Iran alike. I locate a tension between his adoration by the public and the immense anxiety that male Iranian dancers can induce in other Iranians. Khordadian invokes the historical evolution of the archetypal Iranian male dancer/entertainers written about in Persian literature and poetry --the 12 to 16-year-old, handsome boys with older lovers. As Orientalists linked these sinful relationships to male homosociality and sexual repression in Islam, the memory of the male dancer has been repressed out of an Iranian desire to fold into the pale of Western modernity. Khordadian, with his over-the-top gestures (what I will call “queer gestures”), the transnational circulation of these gestures through instructional videos, and his lived experience as a gay Iranian man, transgresses the boundaries set by heteronormativity and Orientalism. However, this is not without a myriad of complications.
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Menna, Amy R. "Resiliency in Lesbians with a History of Childhood Sexual Abuse: Implications for Clinical Practice." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002479.

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50

King, Taylor Z. "A Spectacle and Nothing Strange." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5905.

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Working through methods of abstraction and comedic mimicry I choreograph awkwardly balanced sculpture with objects of adornment as a means to defuse personal sensitivities surrounding my experiences of gender, desire, and home. The research that follows is concerned with the adjacent, the in between, above and underneath, because I feel that this kind of looking means that you are, to some degree, aware of what lies at the edges. Maybe this is what Gertrude Stein means to act as though there is no use in a center—because this concerns a way of relating, though there are many things in the room. ‘A spectacle and nothing strange’ is an arrangement of gestures, of made difference, of kinships, of orientations and possible futures, sustained tension, coded adornment, big dyke energy, shifts in hardness, leaning softness, much more than flowers, ...and in any case there is sweetness and some of that.
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