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Journal articles on the topic 'Lesotho and Swaziland University of Botswana'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mokopakgosi, Brian T. "Why the University of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland Failed: Lessons from the Brief History of a Regional University in Southern Africa." Journal of Southern African Studies 39, no. 2 (June 2013): 465–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2013.796737.

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2

Good, Kenneth. "Zambia and the Liberation of South Africa." Journal of Modern African Studies 25, no. 3 (September 1987): 505–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00009952.

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The nine member-states of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (S.A.D.C.C.) – Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Mozambique, Botswana, Tanzania, Malawi, Lesotho, Swaziland – are notable for their collective weakness relative to South Africa, and their very wide economic and political heterogeneity.1 Only four, or at most five, have economies whose annual G.D.P. exceeds $2,000 million: two of these, Angola and Mozambique, are under more or less constant attack from South Africa or its surrogate forces, while Tanzania is actually the most remote, physically and economically. At the same time, Malawi, Swaziland, and Lesotho – who are not in the so-called ‘Frontline’, unlike the other six – have rather close political relations with Pretoria, Malawi most substantively since as early as 1966 and Swaziland since 1982.2 Botswana is more independent politically, with a modest G.D.P. and very small population.

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3

Zanna, Luis-Felipe, Olivier Basdevant, Susan Yang, GeneviÃ¨ve Verdier, Joannes Mongardini, Borislava Mircheva, and Dalmacio Benicio. "The Design of Fiscal Adjustment Strategies in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and Swaziland." IMF Working Papers 11, no. 266 (2011): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781463924652.001.

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4

Welman, W. G. "The genus Solanum (Solanaceae) in southern Africa: subgenus Leptostemonum, section Giganteiformia." Bothalia 38, no. 1 (August 14, 2008): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v38i1.259.

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In the genus Solanum L. (Solanaceae), subgenus Leptostemonum (Dunal) Bitter, section Giganteiformia (Bitter) Child has four representatives in the Flora of southern Africa region (South Africa, Namibia. Botswana. Swaziland. Lesotho), namely S. giganteum Jacq.. S. goetzei Dammer, S. tettense Klotzsch var. renschii (Vatke) A.E.Gonsalves and S. tettense Klotsch var.tettense. Descriptions, discussions, distribution maps and keys are presented, as well as an illustration of S. goetzei.

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5

SMITH, GIDEON F., and NEIL R. CROUCH. "Crassula ×mortii (Crassulaceae subfam. Crassuloideae), a new natural hybrid between C. perforata and C. rubricaulis from South Africa’s southern Cape." Phytotaxa 487, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.487.1.9.

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In terms of species-level diversity, the genus Crassula Linnaeus (1753: 282) is by far the most diverse in the Crassulaceae within the Flora of Southern Africa region [Namibia, Botswana, Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), Lesotho, South Africa] (Tölken 1977a, b, 1985). In this region diversity is highest in the Fynbos and Succulent Karoo Biomes, both of which straddle the southern Cape, an area represented in the Western and Eastern Cape provinces.

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6

Friedland, Elaine A. "The Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference and the West: Co-operation or Conflict?" Journal of Modern African Studies 23, no. 2 (June 1985): 287–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00000185.

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The Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (S.A.D.C.C.) was established in 1979 to eliminate the economic dependence of Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe upon the Republic of South Africa, and to create regional self-reliance –that is, economic development and regional co-operation. To attain these goals, S.A.D.C.C. seeks financial and technical assistance from all possible public and private sources, inculding international commercial banks and industrial corporations.

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7

Sanders, A. J. G. M. "Law Reporting in Swaziland." Journal of African Law 29, no. 1 (1985): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300005659.

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The doctrine of judicial precedent forms an integral part of the general law of Swaziland. This doctrine would be unworkable without the publication of law reports. The following is an account of the Swaziland law-reporting process.The Kingdom of Swaziland, which regained its independence on 6 September, 1968, has retained the dual structure of laws and courts which it inherited from the British administration. In terms of this structure the traditional Swazi law and Swazi courts operate under the umbrella of the general law and the ultimate control of the general law courts.The country's general law is based on the Roman–Dutch law. When the British found that Civilian system of law to be well-established on their arrival in Southern Africa, they decided to respect it. However, many elements of English law were introduced. The doctrine of judicial precedent was one of them.Even though Swaziland shares with South Africa (including its “independent homelands”), Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia and Zimbabwe a mixed general legal system which resulted from the interaction between the Roman–Dutch Civilian law and the English Common law, its general law operates independently.

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8

Mokopakgosi, Brian T., and Keith Irvine. "The Encyclopedia Africana Dictionary of African Biography, Volume III: South Africa-Botswana-Lesotho-Swaziland." International Journal of African Historical Studies 30, no. 3 (1997): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/220591.

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9

Forere, Malebakeng Agnes. "Protecting Copyrights and Neighbouring Rights in the Music Industry in Southern Africa: A Need for Regulatory Convergence." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 26, no. 4 (November 2018): 585–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2018.0250.

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This article compares the copyright laws of Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe governing music as against the Berne Convention with a view to determine similarities which are necessary in the Internet age. The findings point to divergence in the standards of protection, thereby calling for harmonisation of laws in the Southern African region. In addition, the article recommends the ratification of the WIPO Internet treaties to respond to the new forms of infringement posed by the advent of the Internet and advancements in technology.

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10

Câmara, Paulo E. A. S., Jacques van Rooy, Micheline Carvalho Silva, and Robert E. Magill. "A revision of the family Sematophyllaceae (Bryophyta) in southern Africa." Acta Musei Silesiae, Scientiae Naturales 68, no. 1-2 (July 1, 2019): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cszma-2019-0016.

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Abstract In the Flora of southern Africa area, comprising the countries of South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland, the moss family Sematophyllaceae consists of three genera (Trichosteleum, Donnellia and Sematophyllum) and nine species. Core sematophyllous taxa with collenchymatous exothecial cells, long rostrate operculum, linear leaf cells and differentiated alar cells are included in the family. Meiothecium fuscescens is transferred to Donnellia and a new combination made. Sematophyllum wageri is reduced to synonymy under S. brachycarpum and a lectotype is designated for S. dregei. Each species is described and its distribution mapped.

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11

Taylor, Ian. "The ‘captive states’ of Southern Africa and China: The PRC and Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland." Journal of Commonwealth & Comparative Politics 35, no. 2 (July 1997): 75–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14662049708447746.

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12

Fwasa K Singogo and Emmanuel Ziramba. "An Analysis of Macroeconomic Determinants of Remittances in Southern Africa." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 11, no. 4(J) (September 26, 2019): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v11i4(j).2919.

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The study analyzed macroeconomic determinants of remittances in Southern Africa and used annual data for the period ranging from 2003-2016. The macroeconomic determinants used include: remittances themselves, inflation rate, GDP growth rate, nominal exchange rate, broad money and age dependency ratio. A panel study was carried out using both the fixed and random methods of which the random method was found to be most appropriate. The countries included in the study were Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland and Zambia. It was found that of the variables used, only changes/improvements in the home countries’ economic environment and the exchange rate were statistically significant.

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13

Weiner, Dan, Sam Moyo, Barry Munslow, and Phil O'Keefe. "Land Use and Agricultural Productivity in Zimbabwe." Journal of Modern African Studies 23, no. 2 (June 1985): 251–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022278x00000173.

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Given a continuation of current trends, with increasing population growth and declining food production, Southern Africa (excluding South Africa) which could nearly feed itself during 1979–81, will be only 64 per cent self-sufficient by the turn of the century. Zimbabwe has a particularly important rôle to play in trying to prevent such a disaster. It is by far the most important exporter of food and cash crops in the region, and has been allocated the task of co-ordinating a food-security strategy for the nine member-states of the Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference, namely Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

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14

Ngalawa, Harold P. E. "Anatomy Of The Southern African Customs Union: Structure And Revenue Volatility." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 13, no. 1 (January 8, 2014): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v13i1.8385.

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This paper studies the evolution of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), tracing it from its inception in 1889 as the Customs Union Convention, the worlds first customs union, to its current status. While the union has operated under different agreements, which have been negotiated and renegotiated with changing circumstances, the study identifies the agreements of 1889, 1910, 1969 and 2002 as key to the unions transformation. It is observed that SACU has evolved from a geopolitical organisation with a repressive colonial foundation to a well-integrated regional trading bloc that is perceived as a possible springboard for larger regional trading blocs in Africa. The study further explores evidence of declining SACU revenue and investigates its implications on government expenditures in the small members of the union; namely, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia and Swaziland (BLNS countries). It is found that among the members of the union, Lesotho and Swaziland are the most dependent on SACU transfers and, consequently, the most vulnerable to the current downward trend in SACU revenue. While Namibia has traditionally relied on diamond exports, it has also been receiving large SACU transfers relative to its GDP. In addition, the study observes that the present SACU revenue sharing formula adopted in 2002 exposes the BLNS countries to instabilities arising from global business cycles more than it does South Africa.

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15

Immelman, K. L. "Synopsis of the genera Nesaea and Ammannia (Lythraceae) in southern Africa." Bothalia 21, no. 1 (September 22, 1991): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v21i1.857.

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The genera Nesaea Commers. ex H.B.K. and Ammannia L. in southern Africa, which comprises Namibia, Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland and Lesotho, were revised. In Nesaea, 27 species (seven new), four varieties and one new form were recognized. Ammannia was revised using the DECORANA computer program, and four species were recognized. Keys to the taxa are presented, as well as synonymy (restricted to the region), diagnoses and descriptions o f new taxa, and notes on distribution, taxonomy and nomenclature. The following taxa are new: Nesaea alata Immelman, N. angustifolia Immelman. N. cymosa Immelman, N. minima Immelman. N. sagittifolia (Sond.) Koehne var. ericiformis Koehne forma swaziensis Immelman. N. saluta Immelman, N. wardii Immelman and N. zambatidis Immelman.

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16

Welman, W. G. "The genus Solanum (Solanaceae) in southern Africa: subgenus Leptostemonum, the introduced sections Acanthophora and Torva." Bothalia 33, no. 1 (September 12, 2003): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v33i1.429.

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In the genus Solanum L. (Solanaceae), subgenus Leptostemonum (Dunal) Bitter, section Acanthophora Dunal has four representatives in the Flora of southern Africa region (South Africa. Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia. Botswana), namely S. aculeatissimum Jacq.. S. capsicoides Allioni. S. mammosum L. (cultivated only) and S. viarum Dunal. Section Ton a Nees has two representatives in southern Africa, namely S. chnsotriclium Schltdl. (S. hispidum auctt. non Pers.) and S. ton um Sw.; both are naturalized weeds. Solanum capsicoides, S. viarum and S. torvum have not been listed before for southern Africa. All are introduced species native to the New World. Descriptions, discussions, illustrations and distribution maps of the naturalized species are presented, as well as keys to the species of both sections.

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17

Schmid, Rudolf, G. Germishuizen, E. du Plessis, H. F. Glen, and D. S. Hardy. "Flora of Southern Africa, Which Deals with the Territories of South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia and Botswana." Taxon 50, no. 1 (February 2001): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1224540.

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18

Armstrong, Alice. "Maintenance Statutes in Six Countries in Southern Africa." Journal of African Law 34, no. 2 (1990): 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300008275.

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This article will analyse the legislative provisions relating to financial maintenance for women and children in six countries of southern Africa: Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. These are the six countries involved in the Women and Law in Southern Africa research project, a comparative research project and network of researchers in the region. For the first two-year phase of the project, 1990–1991, the project is studying maintenance laws, their application and administration, and the attitudes, customs and practices which influence maintenance law in the six countries. This article is a background paper for that project, which will by analysing legislative provisions give the researchers in the project an idea of some of the various options for law reform.

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19

Cieślik, Ewa. "Region Of Southern Africa: International Trade And Global Value Chains." Folia Oeconomica Stetinensia 14, no. 2 (December 1, 2014): 239–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/foli-2015-0008.

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Abstract Integration of Southern Africa has resulted in changes in trade structures and production process across borders. The aim of this article is to present transformations taking place in the structure of trade exchange of the Southern African states (Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Swaziland, and South Africa) that are members of the Southern African Customs Union (SACU), and the position of South Africa in global value chains. South Africa seems to be the group of the most advanced countries in analyzed region. The analysis takes advantage of both the conventional methods of comprehensive study on international trade and the modern indicators and measures examining similarity, concentration or the position of South Africa in global value chains in general and sectoral terms.

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20

Louise Schutte, A. "An overview of Aspergillus (Hvphomycetes) and associated teleomorphs in southern Africa." Bothalia 24, no. 2 (October 10, 1994): 171–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/abc.v24i2.769.

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An overview is given of literature concerning the genus Aspergillus Link and its teleomorphs. Chaetosartorya Subram.. Emericellu Berk. Broome. Eurotium Link. Fennellia B.J. Wiley E.G. Simmons, Neosartorya Malloch Cain and Sclerocleista Subram. encountered in the Republic of South Africa. Botswana. Lesotho. Mozambique. Namibia. Swaziland. Transkei and Zimbabwe up to 1993. The information is grouped under headings that indicate the field of research, namely general mycology, plant pathology, human pathology, animal and insect pathology, industrial relevance and secondary metabolites and mycotoxins. An alphabetical list of recorded Aspergillus species is provided and the relevant host or substrate is given together with a literature reference, while the fungal nomenclature has been updated. All the Aspergillus species that are regarded as common have been reported from southern Africa. No in-depth research has been done here on this group, except for chemical work on mycotoxins.

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21

Cahlíková, Vaněčková, Šafratová, Breiterová, Blunden, Hulcová, and Opletal. "The Genus Nerine Herb. (Amaryllidaceae): Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Biological Activity." Molecules 24, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 4238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234238.

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Nerine Herbert, family Amaryllidaceae, is a genus of about 30 species that are native to South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, and Swatini (formerly known as Swaziland). Species of Nerine are autumn-flowering, perennial, bulbous plants, which inhabit areas with summer rainfall and cool, dry winters. Most Nerine species have been cultivated for their elegant flowers, presenting a source of innumerable horticultural hybrids. For many years, species of Nerine have been subjected to extensive phytochemical and pharmacological investigations, which resulted in either the isolation or identification of more than fifty Amaryllidaceae alkaloids belonging to different structural types. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids are frequently studied for their interesting biological properties, including antiviral, antibacterial, antitumor, antifungal, antimalarial, analgesic, cytotoxic, and cholinesterase inhibition activities. The present review aims to summarize comprehensively the research that has been reported on the phytochemistry and pharmacology of the genus Nerine.

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22

Wright, Caradee Y., D. Jean du Preez, Danielle A. Millar, and Mary Norval. "The Epidemiology of Skin Cancer and Public Health Strategies for Its Prevention in Southern Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3 (February 6, 2020): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17031017.

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Skin cancer is a non-communicable disease that has been underexplored in Africa, including Southern Africa. Exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is an important, potentially modifiable risk factor for skin cancer. The countries which comprise Southern Africa are Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, and Swaziland. They differ in population size and composition and experience different levels of solar UVR. Here, the epidemiology and prevalence of skin cancer in Southern African countries are outlined. Information is provided on skin cancer prevention campaigns in these countries, and evidence sought to support recommendations for skin cancer prevention, especially for people with fair skin, or oculocutaneous albinism or HIV-AIDS who are at the greatest risk. Consideration is given to the possible impacts of climate change on skin cancer in Southern Africa and the need for adaptation and human behavioural change is emphasized.

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23

Goncharov, Victor I., C. R. D. Halisi, and Yevgeny Tarabrin. "Recommendations: Southern African Development Coordination Conference and African Security." Issue: A Journal of Opinion 17, no. 1 (1988): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047160700500870.

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The overwhelmingly dominant regional power of southern Africa, South Africa, attempts to contain the political, economic, and military interdependence of neighboring states, irrespective of ideological preference. The Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) founded in 1980, is the response of the other states in the region to South Africa’s ambitions to maintain regional hegemony. Its nine member state are Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, and an independent Namibia is expected to join. The specific objectives of SADCC, as stated in the 1980 Lusaka Declaration, are the reduction of economic dependence in general (not only on South Africa); the forging of links to create a genuinely meaningful and equitable system of regional integration; the mobilization of resources to support national, interstate, and regional policies; and concerted action to secure international cooperation for the purpose of economic liberation.

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24

Schrire, Brian. "A review of tribe Indigofereae (Leguminosae–Papilionoideae) in Southern Africa (including South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland & Namibia; excluding Botswana)." South African Journal of Botany 89 (November 2013): 281–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2013.06.014.

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25

Ornduff, Robert, and P. Goldblatt. "The Moraeas of Southern Africa: A Systematic Monograph of the Genus in South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Transkei, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe." Taxon 36, no. 4 (November 1987): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1221144.

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26

Malaba, Mbongeni. "English Studies: a comparative analysis of trends in South African universities and national universities in Zimbabwe, Swaziland, Botswana, Lesotho and Namibia." Critical Arts 30, no. 2 (March 3, 2016): 171–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02560046.2016.1187796.

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27

Ngalawa, Harold. "Southern African customs union revenue, public expenditures and HIV/AIDS in BLNS countries." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 17, no. 2 (March 6, 2014): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v17i2.567.

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This study investigates how revenue from the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) common revenue pool affects efforts to contain HIV/AIDS in Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia and Swaziland (BLNS countries). Using a dataset for the BLNS countries covering the period 1990-2007 in annual frequency and a health production function, the study estimates a dynamic panel using the Arellano-Bond (1991) difference Generalised Method of Moments. The study results show that an increase in either SACU revenue or aggregate government expenditure increases HIV prevalence rates. Disaggregating the government expenditures into health and non-health outlays reveals that the health expenditure component decreases HIV prevalence rates. To be precise, the study finds that HIV prevalence rates decline when public health expenditures as a percentage of GDP and public health expenditures as a percentage of total government expenditures increase. It is argued, therefore, that the type of public expenditure is of consequence: public health expenditures decrease, while public non-health expenditures increase the HIV prevalence rates, with the ultimate direction of HIV prevalence rates determined by the dominant of the two effects.

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28

Shillington, Kevin. "The Encyclopaedia Africana Dictionary of African Biography III, South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Swaziland. Algonac MI: Encyclopaedia Africana Project, Reference Publications, 1995, 304 pp." Africa 69, no. 3 (July 1999): 475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161237.

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29

Le Roux, Rochelle, and Tamara Cohen. "UNDERSTANDING THE LIMITATIONS TO THE RIGHT TO STRIKE IN ESSENTIAL AND PUBLIC SERVICES IN THE SADC REGION." Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal/Potchefstroomse Elektroniese Regsblad 19 (May 30, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2016/v19i0a1161.

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The nature of the limitations to the right to strike in essential and public services in the nine sub-regional countries of Southern Africa – South Africa, Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Swaziland, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia and Zimbabwe – is examined in this contribution. While all of these countries share common influences and face common challenges, there appears to be a vast disparity in the approaches taken to the right to strike in public and essential services in the region. A brief overview of the demographics and labour markets in the countries under discussion is sketched, the salient features of the ILO's approach to strike in essential and public services is highlighted, and a broad overview of the contrasting and disparate approaches to essential and public services in the region is provided. The focus is, however, on the legislative approach taken to essential service employees in South Africa. It is concluded that – with the exception of South Africa and Namibia – the limitations to the right to strike of public sector employees exceed those endorsed by international conventions, and the broad definition of essential services generally relied upon effectively results in an outright ban of public sector strikes in the sub-region.

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30

Dollar, Evan S. J. "Palaeofluvial geomorphology in southern Africa: a review." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 22, no. 3 (September 1998): 325–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339802200302.

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This article presents an overview of palaeofluvial geomorphology research in southern Africa. For the purposes of this article this includes South Africa, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland and Botswana. Although interest in fluvial systems has a long history in southern Africa, the scientific study of rivers was initiated by the discovery of the first alluvial diamond along the banks of the Orange River in 1867. Since then, significant progress has been made in unravelling the fluvial history of southern Africa from the early Archaean Ventersdorp Contact Reef River to modern channel process studies. The development of an understanding of palaeofluvial systems has occurred along two main lines. The first was alluvial diamond exploration work undertaken by the large mining houses. The second line was of a more ‘academic’ interest and included determining the impact of superimposition, tectonics, base level and climate changes. The review suggests that southern Africa fluvial systems have shown large-scale changes in drainage pattern, discharge and sediment yield and that these can be related to a complex set of causative factors including the geological template, the Jurassic rifting of Gondwana, tectonic episodes and climate change.

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KARUNARATNE, A. S., S. N. AZAM-ALI, G. IZZI, and P. STEDUTO. "CALIBRATION AND VALIDATION OF FAO-AQUACROP MODEL FOR IRRIGATED AND WATER DEFICIENT BAMBARA GROUNDNUT." Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 3 (May 6, 2011): 509–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479711000111.

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SUMMARYSimulation of yield response to water plays an increasingly important role in optimization of crop water productivity (WP) especially in prevalent drought in Africa. The present study is focused on a representative crop: bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea), an ancient grain legume grown, cooked, processed and traded mainly by subsistence women farmers in sub-Saharan Africa. Over four years (2002, 2006–2008), glasshouse experiments were conducted at the Tropical Crops Research Unit, University of Nottingham, UK under controlled environments with different landraces, temperatures (23 ± 5 °C, 28 ± 5 °C, 33 ± 5 °C) and soil moisture regimes (irrigated, early drought, late drought). Parallel to this, field experiments were conducted in Swaziland (2002/2003) and Botswana (2007/2008). Crop measurements of canopy cover (CC), biomass (B) and pod yield (Y) of selected experiments from glasshouse (2006 and 2007) and field (Botswana) were used to calibrate the FAO AquaCrop model. Subsequently, the model was validated against independent data sets from glasshouse (2002 and 2008) and field (Swaziland) for different landraces. AquaCrop simulations for CC, B and Y of different bambara groundnut landraces are in good agreement with observed data with R2 (CC-0.88; B-0.78; Y-0.72), but with significant underestimation for some landraces.

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32

Barneby, Rupert C., and O. A. Leistner. "Flora of Southern Africa, Which Deals with the Territories of South Africa, Ciskei, Transkei, Lesotho, Swaziland, Bophuthatswana, South West Africa/Namibia, Botswana, and Venda." Taxon 38, no. 3 (August 1989): 446. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1222283.

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Maredza, Andrew. "The Trade-Off between Banking Outreach And Profitability: Evidence From selected South African Development Countries." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 1 (December 23, 2014): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i1.9032.

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In this paper, the fixed effects method known as the least squares dummy variable (LSDV) technique was applied to investigate the possibility of a trade-off between bank profitability indicators and banking outreach (expanding access to banking services) by analysing a panel of 10 South African Development Countries (SADC). Of the fifteen SADC member countries (Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic Of Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, South Africa, Swaziland, United Republic Of Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe), five (Botswana, Congo, Lesotho, Malawi and Zimbabwe) had to be excluded for lack of consistent data throughout our period of analysis. The author investigates whether expanding banking access and pursuing profitability are complementary goals in the same direction or are two conflicting goals. For estimation robustness, two indicators of profitability were used namely return on average assets (ROAA) and return on average equity (ROAE). IMF Financial Access Survey (FAS) data for each country namely, deposit accounts per capita and the number of bank branches per 1000 km2 were used as indicators of bank outreach or access. Operational inefficiency, insolvency risk and credit risk were found to exert a negative impact on both ROA and ROE. Net interest margin a proxy for interest based services and off-balance sheet activities were statistically significant and positively related with bank profitability. Central to the study was that expanding banking access was found to exert a statistically significant and positive impact on profitability for some SADC countries. However, contrary to the author`s expectation, for some countries, the indicator of outreach was inversely related with the chosen indicators of profitability. The researcher however, argues that any form of intervention aimed at improving the state of access to those financially excluded cannot be evaluated from a cost or profit perspective alone but must be all-inclusive taking into account the social and economic benefits to the society as a whole. The major purpose of financial inclusion is to reach the poor and disadvantaged segments of the population. Hence, the author cautions that although attaining high profitability is an important policy objective for ensuring sustainability and financial stability, it is certainly not the only priority. Access to banking services, social inclusion and consumer protection are equally important policy priorities. There is therefore need for government support and a general holistic stakeholder approach to the problem of banking exclusion in order to generate solutions that achieve both profitability and outreach in a balanced fashion.

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Saberian, Mehran, Kamran Mehrabani, and Hadi Raeisi Shahraki. "Clustering time trends of breast cancer incidence in Africa: a 27-year longitudinal study in 53 countries." African Health Sciences 21, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i1.8.

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Background: Breast cancer is the most common, frequently diagnosed cancer with the highest incidence among female worldwide. Although the incidence is decreasing in developed countries, it is on increase in most of the African countries. Objective: This study aimed to identify different time trends of breast cancer incidence among African countries using latent mixture approach. Methods: The information includes newly diagnosed breast cancer patients per 100,000 women for 53 African countries in a period of 1990-2016. Latent mixture modeling was performed in Mplus 7.4 software. Results: The overall trend of breast cancer in Africa was increasing. Latent mixture model with 5 clusters was estimated as the best using fit indices and linear growth trajectories were specified for each cluster. Nigeria was the only country which belongs to a cluster with negative slope indicating a slow decrease in the breast cancer incidence; also, Seychelles was the only country that showed a sharp increase over time. 31 countries belonged to a cluster with a slope of 0.08, indicating that the incidence of breast cancer is almost constant over time. Cluster 3 including Algeria, Angola, Botswana, Central African Republic, Cote d’lvoire, Equatorial Guinea, Lesotho, Libya, Namibia, Somalia, Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda and Zimbabwe and cluster 2 including Gabon, Mauritius, Morocco, South Africa, Tunisia and Congo showed a slow and moderate increase in the incidence of breast cancer, respectively. Conclusion: Providing health education programs is essential in African countries with rising trend of breast cancer during the last decades. Keywords: Africa; breast cancer; incidence; latent mixture model; trend.

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Abegunrin, Layi. "Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC): Towards Regional Integration of Southern Africa for Liberation." A Current Bibliography on African Affairs 17, no. 4 (June 1, 1985): 363–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001132558501700405.

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Southern Africa has become a battleground between two ideologically and fundamentally opposed constellation of states, Pretoria and Lusaka constellations. The conflict between the two basically concerns the domestic racial policies and the future of South Africa. The Pretoria constellation was launched on July 22, 1980, and is led by P. W. Botha, the South Africa's Prime Minister. The Botha's axis is a designed strategy which essentially aims at using South Africa's economic power and wealth to manipulate its neighboring nine black ruled states; and to exert subtle pressure to ensure that they cohere with the white minority regime of South Africa. This ambition of the Pretoria constellation is a vital part of the total strategy of survival of the Botha government. This particularly involves the use of the economy as an instrument of maintaining ultimate political power and control based on the maintenance of the basic structures of apartheid. This has in turn motivated South Africa's opposition to the policies of economic and political liberation of the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) states. The second, the Lusaka constellation and also known as the “Southern Nine” was launched on April 1, 1980. It consists of the nine Southern African States of Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The declared aim of the Southern Nine is to form an alliance which would pursue an economic strategy that would reduce or eliminate their economic dependence on South Africa. To this end, the Southern Nine and the South African-occupied territory of Namibia unanimously adopted a Programme of Action aimed at stimulating inter-state trade with the ultimate objective of economic independence from South Africa.

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Swatuk, Larry A. "RWELAMIRA, Medard. Refugees in a Chess Game: Reflections on Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland Refugee Policies. Uppsala (Sweden), The Scandinavian Institute of African Studies, Coll. « Research report, no 88 », 1990, 64 p." Études internationales 23, no. 3 (1992): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/703076ar.

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Mabunda, Sikhumbuzo, Blake Angell, Rohina Joshi, and Andrea Durbach. "Evaluation of the alignment of policies and practices for state-sponsored educational initiatives for sustainable health workforce solutions in selected Southern African countries: a protocol, multimethods study." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e046379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046379.

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IntroductionHealth systems across the world are facing challenges with shortages and maldistribution of skilled health professionals. Return-of-service (ROS) initiatives are government-funded strategies used to educate health professionals by contracting beneficiaries to undertake government work on a year-for-year basis after their qualification. It is envisaged that once they have served their contract, they will be attracted to serve in the same area or government establishment beyond the duration of their obligatory period. Little is known about the processes that led to the development and implementation of ROS policies. Furthermore, there is no systematic evaluation of the strategies that demonstrate their utility. This research aims to evaluate the ROS initiatives, explore their efficacy and sustainability in five Southern African countries.Methods and analysisThis study will be conducted in South Africa, Eswatini, Lesotho, Botswana and Namibia in a phased approach through a multimethods approach of policy reviews, quantitative and qualitative research. First, a review will be conducted to explore current ROS schemes. Second, a quantitative retrospective cohort study of ROS scheme recipients for the period 2000–2010 will be undertaken. Information will be sourced from multiple provincial or national information systems and/or databases. Third, we will conduct semistructured group or individual interviews with senior health, education, ROS managing agency managers (where appropriate) and finance managers and/policy makers in each country to determine managers’ perceptions, challenges and the costs and benefits of these schemes. Fourth, we will interview or conduct group discussions with health professional regulatory bodies to assess their willingness to collaborate with ROS initiative funders.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval for this study was obtained through the Human Research Ethics Committees of the University of New South Wales (HC200519), Australia; South Africa and Lesotho (065/2020); Eswatini (SHR302/2020); Namibia (SK001); and Botswana (HPDME 13/18/1). Relevant findings will be shared through presentations to participating governments, publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at relevant conferences.

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Mańko, Rafał. "PRAWO RZYMSKIE JAKO ŹRÓDŁO PRAWA W AFRYCE POŁUDNIOWEJ." Zeszyty Prawnicze 3, no. 1 (March 29, 2017): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2003.3.1.05.

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ROMAN LAW AS A SOURCE OF LAW IN SOUTHERN AFRICASummary Roman law is usually regarded as an object o f historic study and not as a practical discipline of the legal science. However, the situation is different in six South African states - the Republic of South Africa, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Swaziland, Botswana and Namibia - which have preserved the uncodified ius commune europaeum brought by the Dutch to the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th century.The hierarchy of the fontes iuris oriundi in the South African legal system seems to be the following: the Constitution, statutes, customary law, case-law, Roman-Dutch law and Roman law. The position occupied by Roman law is in fact only subsidiary, however it is a source of law and is referred to from time to time in the case-law. On the other hand it permeates the whole legal system which is based on fundamental notions derived from Roman law, which have been preserved and developed in the treatises of the Roman-Dutch jurists and the case-law of the courts.The frequency o f citations of Roman law in the South African case-law has been an object of two major studies. One, conducted by Van Der Merve concerned the period 1970-1979, the other, by Du Plessis - took into account the cases of 1990-1991. The studies revealed that Roman sources are cited in 4,7-4,8% of the case-law. According to another study by Zimmermann, only in half o f those cases the Roman sources were relevant for deciding the case.Nevertheless, it is submitted that these figures should be treated as significant, especially when compared with the position occupied by Roman sources in the modern case law in other civilian jurisdictions.

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Brunke, E. G., R. Ebinghaus, H. H. Kock, C. Labuschagne, and F. Slemr. "Emissions of mercury in Southern Africa derived from long-term observations at Cape Point, South Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no. 5 (May 2, 2012): 11079–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-11079-2012.

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Abstract. Mercury emissions in South Africa have so far been estimated only by a bottom-up approach from activities and emission factors for different processes. In this paper we derive GEM/CO (GEM being gaseous elemental mercury, Hg0), GEM/CO2, GEM/CH4, CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, and CH4/CO emission ratios from plumes observed during long-term monitoring of these species at Cape Point between March 2007 and December 2009. The average observed GEM/CO, GEM/CO2, GEM/CH4, CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, and CH4/CO emission ratios were 2.40 ± 2.65 pg m−3 ppb−1 (n = 47), 62.7 ± 80.2 pg m−3 ppb−1 (n = 44), 3.61 ± 4.66 pg m−3 ppb−1 (n = 46), 35.6 ± 25.4 ppb ppm−1 (n = 52), 20.2 ± 15.5 ppb ppm−1 (n=48), and 0.876 ± 1.106 ppb ppm−1 (n=42), respectively. The observed CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, and CH4/CO emission ratios agree within the combined uncertainties of the observations and emissions with the ratios calculated from EDGAR (version 4.2) CO2, CO, and CH4 inventories for South Africa and Southern Africa (South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique) in 2007 and 2008 (inventories for 2009 are not available yet). Total elemental mercury emission of 13.1, 15.2, and 16.1 t Hg yr−1 are estimated independently using the GEM/CO, GEM/CO2, and GEM/CH4 emission ratios and the annual mean CO, CO2, and CH4 emissions, respectively, of South Africa in 2007 and 2008. The average of these independent estimates of 14.8 ± 1.5 t GEM yr−1 is much less than the total emission of 257 t Hg yr−1 from older inventories. Considering that emission of GEM represents only 50–78% of all mercury emissions, our estimates come close to the total mercury emission estimates ranging between 40–50 t Hg yr−1 from more recent inventories.

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Olamide, Ebenezer Gbenga, and Andrew Maredza. "A dynamic regression panel approach to the determinants of monetary policy and economic growth." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 10, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 385–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-10-2018-0302.

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Purpose Empirically, the purpose of this paper is to investigate policy variables that determine monetary policy and economic growth of some selected countries within the economic bloc of Southern Africa Development Community (SADC). The selected countries are Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Design/methodology/approach Annual time series data for a panel of 11 Southern African countries spanning 1980–2015 were employed in the study. The major instrument of estimation is the dynamic regression panel model. In order to conform to econometric principles, robustness checks were carried out on the variables of interest so as to avoid spurious results. An estimation of impulse response and variance decomposition analyses were to complement the approach to the study. Findings The result of the long-run dynamic panel regression reveals that GDP growth rate, inflation rate, exchange rate, money supply and oil and commodity prices do have profound impact on monetary policy within SADC. It was further revealed from the study that commodity price shock is the major exogenous determinant of monetary policy dynamics and the effect is transmitted via exchange rate channel to macroeconomics of the region; with inflation rate and money supply playing a major role in the transmission mechanism as it affects the economies of the countries in this region. Practical implications The policy implication is that inflation is seen as a major challenge to the countries under review. Among other things, a hybrid of inflation and monetary targeting should be adopted to complement each other as policy combination within the region. Originality/value The study accounts for the determinants of monetary policy vis-à-vis growth potentials of some selected countries in SADC, using a combination of dynamic regression panel approach and SVAR elements.

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Mboowa, Gerald, Savannah Mwesigwa, Eric Katagirya, Gaone Retshabile, Busisiwe C. Mlotshwa, Lesedi Williams, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, et al. "The Collaborative African Genomics Network (CAfGEN): Applying Genomic technologies to probe host factors important to the progression of HIV and HIV-tuberculosis infection in sub-Saharan Africa." AAS Open Research 1 (April 18, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12832.1.

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Background: The Human Heredity and Health in Africa consortium (H3Africa) was conceived to facilitate the application of genomics technologies to improve health across Africa. Here, we describe how the Collaborative African Genomics Network (CAfGEN) of the H3Africa consortium is using genomics to probe host genetic factors important to the progression of HIV and HIV-tuberculosis (TB) coinfection in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: CAfGEN is an H3Africa collaborative centre comprising expertise from the University of Botswana; Makerere University; Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Clinical Centers of Excellence (COEs) in Botswana, Uganda, and Swaziland; as well as Baylor College of Medicine, Texas. The COEs provide clinical expertise for community engagement, participant recruitment and sample collection while the three University settings facilitate processing and management of genomic samples and provide infrastructure and training opportunities to sustain genomics research. Results: The project has focused on utilizing whole-exome sequencing to identify genetic variants contributing to extreme HIV disease progression phenotypes in children, as well as RNA sequencing and integrated genomics to identify host genetic factors associated with TB disease progression among HIV-positive children. These cohorts, developed using the COEs’ electronic medical records, are exceptionally well-phenotyped and present an unprecedented opportunity to assess genetic factors in individuals whose HIV was acquired by a different route than their adult counterparts in the context of a unique clinical course and disease pathophysiology. Conclusions: Our approach offers the prospect of developing a critical mass of well-trained, highly-skilled, continent-based African genomic scientists. To ensure long term genomics research sustainability in Africa, CAfGEN contributes to a wide range of genomics capacity and infrastructure development on the continent, has laid a foundation for genomics graduate programs at its institutions, and continues to actively promote genomics research through innovative forms of community engagement brokered by partnerships with governments and academia to support genomics policy formulation.

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Mboowa, Gerald, Savannah Mwesigwa, Eric Katagirya, Gaone Retshabile, Busisiwe C. Mlotshwa, Lesedi Williams, Adeodata Kekitiinwa, et al. "The Collaborative African Genomics Network (CAfGEN): Applying Genomic technologies to probe host factors important to the progression of HIV and HIV-tuberculosis infection in sub-Saharan Africa." AAS Open Research 1 (June 21, 2018): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/aasopenres.12832.2.

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Background: Here, we describe how the Collaborative African Genomics Network (CAfGEN) of the Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) consortium is using genomics to probe host genetic factors important to the progression of HIV and HIV-tuberculosis (TB) coinfection in sub-Saharan Africa. The H3Africa was conceived to facilitate the application of genomics technologies to improve health across Africa.. Methods: CAfGEN is an H3Africa collaborative centre comprising expertise from the University of Botswana; Makerere University; Baylor College of Medicine Children’s Clinical Centers of Excellence (COEs) in Botswana, Uganda, and Swaziland; as well as Baylor College of Medicine, Texas. The COEs provide clinical expertise for community engagement, participant recruitment and sample collection while the three University settings facilitate processing and management of genomic samples and provide infrastructure and training opportunities to sustain genomics research. Results: The project has focused on utilizing whole-exome sequencing to identify genetic variants contributing to extreme HIV disease progression phenotypes in children, as well as RNA sequencing and integrated genomics to identify host genetic factors associated with TB disease progression among HIV-positive children. These cohorts, developed using the COEs’ electronic medical records, are exceptionally well-phenotyped and present an unprecedented opportunity to assess genetic factors in individuals whose HIV was acquired by a different route than their adult counterparts in the context of a unique clinical course and disease pathophysiology. Conclusions: Our approach offers the prospect of developing a critical mass of well-trained, highly-skilled, continent-based African genomic scientists. To ensure long term genomics research sustainability in Africa, CAfGEN contributes to a wide range of genomics capacity and infrastructure development on the continent, has laid a foundation for genomics graduate programs at its institutions, and continues to actively promote genomics research through innovative forms of community engagement brokered by partnerships with governments and academia to support genomics policy formulation.

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Neshumaev, D. A., E. N. Sukharev, and V. L. Stasenko. "Modeling the epidemic process of HIV infection in populations with different natural population growth." Journal Infectology 13, no. 2 (July 14, 2021): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22625/2072-6732-2021-13-2-115-125.

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Aim: to assess the incidence, prevalence of HIV infection and population dynamics in populations with negative, zero and positive natural increase.Materials and Methods: Computer probabilistic modeling by the Monte Carlo method of the epidemic process of HIV infection in populations with different natural population growths was carried out. The parameters that are minimally necessary for such a description are used – population, birth rate, mortality, HIV prevalence, probability of HIV transmission.Results and discussion: When modeling the epidemic process, two main scenarios of the spread of HIV infection in a population without diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive effects were established. With a negative or zero population growth and a random distribution of healthy and infected individuals in the simulated space, the population density gradually decreases. At some point, the probability of contact of the infected and healthy person becomes less than the probability of an infected person to live up to this event. Under such conditions, the complete elimination of the virus from the population is theoretically possible. With a positive natural increase, it is possible to form a stable state in which the periods of increase in population size, incidence and prevalence of HIV infection change in a cyclical decline. HIV prevalence in countries such as Swaziland, Botswana and Lesotho has been at the level of 25–30% for many years. In this case, the population steadily grows. Based on the conducted simulation studies, it can be assumed that in these territories an evolutionarily stable balance was formed between the share of healthy and HIV-infected people in which the prevalence does not occur above 30%.Conclusions. The development of the epidemic process of HIV infection is determined by the dynamics of natural population growth. With a negative or zero natural growth and a random distribution of individuals in the simulated space, a complete elimination of the virus from the population is theoretically possible. With a positive natural increase, it is possible to form an evolutionarily stable cyclic balance between the proportion of healthy and HIV-infected people.

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Brunke, E. G., R. Ebinghaus, H. H. Kock, C. Labuschagne, and F. Slemr. "Emissions of mercury in southern Africa derived from long-term observations at Cape Point, South Africa." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 16 (August 17, 2012): 7465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-7465-2012.

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Abstract. Mercury emissions in South Africa have so far been estimated only by a bottom-up approach from activities and emission factors for different processes. In this paper we derive GEM/CO (GEM being gaseous elemental mercury, Hg0), GEM/CO2, GEM/CH4, CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, and CH4/CO emission ratios from plumes observed during long-term monitoring of these species at Cape Point between March 2007 and December 2009. The average observed GEM/CO, GEM/CO2, GEM/CH4, CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, and CH4/CO emission ratios were 2.40 ± 2.65 pg m−3 ppb−1 (n = 47), 62.7 ± 80.2 pg m−3 ppm−1 (n = 44), 3.61 ± 4.66 pg m−3 ppb−1 (n = 46), 35.6 ± 25.4 ppb ppm−1 (n = 52), 20.2 ± 15.5 ppb ppm−1 (n = 48), and 0.876 ± 1.106 ppb ppb−1 (n = 42), respectively. The observed CO/CO2, CH4/CO2, and CH4/CO emission ratios agree within the combined uncertainties of the observations and emissions with the ratios calculated from EDGAR (version 4.2) CO2, CO, and CH4 inventories for South Africa and southern Africa (South Africa, Lesotho, Swaziland, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique) in 2007 and 2008 (inventories for 2009 are not available yet). Total elemental mercury emission of 13.1, 15.2, and 16.1 t Hg yr−1 are estimated independently using the GEM/CO, GEM/CO2, and GEM/CH4 emission ratios and the annual mean CO, CO2, and CH4 emissions, respectively, of South Africa in 2007 and 2008. The average of these independent estimates of 14.8 t GEM yr−1 is much less than the total emission of 257 t Hg yr−1 shown by older inventories which are now considered to be wrong. Considering the uncertainties of our emission estimate, of the emission inventories, and the fact that emission of GEM represents 50–78 % of all mercury emissions, our estimate is comparable to the currently cited GEM emissions in 2004 and somewhat smaller than emissions in 2006. A further increase of mercury emissions due to increasing electricity consumption will lead to a more pronounced difference. A quantitative assessment of the difference and its significance, however, will require emission inventories for the years of observations (2007–2009) as well as better data on the speciation of the total mercury emissions in South Africa.

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Degterev, D. A., and V. I. Yurtaev. "Africa: «The Rainbow Period» and Unfulfilled Hopes. Interview with Apollon Davidson, Academician of RAS." Vestnik RUDN. International Relations 20, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-0660-2020-20-1-218-225.

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Academician Apollon B. Davidson is an outstanding Soviet and Russian expert in African history, British Studies, also known as a specialist in Russian Silver Age literature. He is an author of more than 500 scientific papers, including 11 monographs, most of which are devoted to the new and recent history of the countries of Tropical and South Africa. Graduate of Leningrad State University (1953), Professor (1973), Doctor of Historical Sciences (1971), Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2011). Under his leadership, at the Institute of World History of the Russian Academy of Sciences a scientific school of African history based on archival documents was created. He prepared more than 30 candidates and doctors of sciences, among famous students - A. Balezin, S. Mazov, I. Filatova, G. Derlugyan. In 2001-2002 two volumes of documents “Russia and Africa” [Davidson 1999] were published under his editorship; the book “USSR and Africa” [Davidson, Mazov, Tsypkin 2002], in 2003 - the volume of documents “Comintern and Africa” [Davidson 2003]. In 2003, a two-volume edition of the documents “South Africa and the Communist International” [Davidson, Filatova, Gorodnov, Johns 2003] was published in London in English, and in 2005-2006 - the fundamental three-volume “History of Africa in Documents” [Davidson 2005-2006]. In 1988, he participated in the South African program at Yale University. In 1991, he lectured for several months at universities in South Africa and worked in the archives of this country. In 1992-1993 he worked at the Rhodes University, in 1994-1998 organized and chaired the Center for Russian Studies at the University of Cape Town. In 1981-1991 he visited Ethiopia, Angola, Lesotho, Botswana and several times - Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and South Africa. From 1977 to 1991 he participated in the Soviet-American Dartmouth conferences as an expert on Africa. In his interview he talks about the outcome of decolonization for southern Africa, the actual problems of the modern development of the continent, the role of China in Africa, and the Afro-Asianization of the world. Special attention is paid to the problems and prospects of the development of Soviet and Russian African studies and Russian-African relations.

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"Dictionary of African biography: v.3: South Africa-Botswana-Lesotho-Swaziland." Choice Reviews Online 33, no. 07 (March 1, 1996): 33–3643. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/choice.33-3643.

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"Cacyreus marshalli. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, December (August 1, 1997). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp20066600574.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cacyreus marshalli Butler Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae Attacks Pelargonium and Geranium spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Belgium, Italy, Mainland Italy, Spain, Balearic Islands, Mainland Spain, UK, England and Wales, AFRICA, Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe.

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"Cacyreus marshalli. [Distribution map]." Distribution Maps of Plant Pests, no. 1st revision) (August 1, 2001). http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/dmpp/20066690574.

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Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Cacyreus marshalli Butler Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae Attacks Pelargonium and Geranium spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Belgium, France, Mainland France, Germany, Italy, Mainland Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Mainland Portugal, Spain, Balearic Islands, Canary Islands, Mainland Spain, UK, England and Wales, AFRICA, Botswana, Lesotho, Morocco, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe.

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Adegbesan, OA, and CJ Mokgothu. "Sociocultural predictors of motor development of athletes from Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland." African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance 15, no. 3 (October 20, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ajpherd.v15i3.46966.

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"Southern and Eastern African Money Laundering Conference." Journal of African Law 41, no. 1 (1997): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300010123.

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Representatives of 13 African countries attended the first such conference in Cape Town, South Africa on 1–3 October, 1996. These were Botswana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Representatives of several members of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) were also present, namely Canada, France, Italy, Portugal, United Kingdom and United States.

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