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1
Lumby, Catharine. "Reshaping Public Intellectual Life: Frank Moorhouse and His Milieu." Media International Australia 156, no. 1 (August 2015): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x1515600115.
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This article uses Frank Moorhouse as a study of the formation of a public intellectual in the 1960s and 1970s. Moorhouse was a key figure in the Sydney Push, a loose Libertarian-anarchist network of artists, writers, intellectuals and party people who rejected the dominant moral values of the 1950s and 1960s. A journalist, Moorhouse later became a well-known fiction writer who was part of a similarly bohemian and activist milieu centred in Sydney's Balmain. Taking Frank Moorhouse as a case study, I will argue that there is something particular about the way public intellectuals have historically been formed and given voice in Australian life, which is characterised by a permeability between art and writing practices and between academic and activist milieux.
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Musila, Grace A. "The ‘Redykyulass Generation‘S’ intellectual interventions in Kenyan public life." YOUNG 18, no. 3 (July 20, 2010): 279–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/110330881001800303.
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This article is interested in the intellectual contributions of the youth to Kenyan public life. It focuses on what has been called the ‘Redykyulass Generation’ as a contemporary generation of politically engaged youths who have successfully used various genres of popular cultural productions and media platforms to engage with Kenyan social imaginaries. Using three case studies — the Redykyulass group and the writings of Binyavanga Wainaina and Parselelo Kantai — the article examines this generation’s ongoing reconstruction of what constitutes knowledge and its contributions in shaping Kenyan public life, while critically engaging with what can be termed the ‘geronto-masculine’ texture of Kenyan political and intellectual public life. The study suggests that the Redykyulass Generation has variously fractured certain conventions embedded in the socio-political terrains of Kenyan public life, while attaining both social relevance and popularity in Kenyan social imaginaries.
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McCarron, Mary, Richard Lombard-Vance, Esther Murphy, Peter May, Naoise Webb, Greg Sheaf, Philip McCallion, et al. "Effect of deinstitutionalisation on quality of life for adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review." BMJ Open 9, no. 4 (April 2019): e025735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025735.
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ObjectiveTo review systematically the evidence on how deinstitutionalisation affects quality of life (QoL) for adults with intellectual disabilities.DesignSystematic review.PopulationAdults (aged 18 years and over) with intellectual disabilities.InterventionsA move from residential to community setting.Primary and secondary outcome measuresStudies were eligible if evaluating effect on QoL or life quality, as defined by study authors.SearchWe searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, CINAHL, EconLit, Embase and Scopus to September 2017 and supplemented this with grey literature searches. We assessed study quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme suite of tools, excluding those judged to be of poor methodological quality.ResultsThirteen studies were included; eight quantitative studies, two qualitative, two mixed methods studies and one case study. There was substantial agreement across quantitative and qualitative studies that a move to community living was associated with improved QoL. QoL for people with any level of intellectual disabilities who move from any type of institutional setting to any type of community setting was increased at up to 1 year postmove (standardised mean difference [SMD] 2.03; 95% CI [1.21 to 2.85], five studies, 246 participants) and beyond 1 year postmove (SMD 2.34. 95% CI [0.49 to 4.20], three studies, 160 participants), with total QoL change scores higher at 24 months comparative to 12 months, regardless of QoL measure used.ConclusionOur systematic review demonstrated a consistent pattern that moving to the community was associated with improved QoL compared with the institution. It is recommended that gaps in the evidence base, for example, with regard to growing populations of older people with intellectual disability and complex needs are addressed.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018077406.
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MERKEL, SUSAN M., MARILYN DISPENSA, and WILLIAM C. GHIORSE. "An Evaluation of Web-Based Case Studies in Microscopy." Microbiology Education 7, no. 1 (May 2006): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/me.7.1.12-19.2006.
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It is often difficult to provide students in introductory science courses with opportunities that mimic the investigative learning experience of doing research. This is particularly true in microbiology courses where advanced microscopy techniques are expensive and difficult to do. To that end, we developed three computer-based case studies around real-life scenarios. Our goals were to: (i) improve students’ understanding of advanced microscopic techniques, (ii) give students practice analyzing and interpreting data, and (iii) model a scientific approach to how these techniques are applied to current issues in microbiology. Each case requires students to use references and interpret actual microscopic images, thus giving them a more realistic experience than we could previously provide. We analyzed student learning and perceptions to these case studies. After doing the case studies, students were more able to apply microscopic methods to a realistic problem, thus demonstrating an understanding of how the methods are used. Students appreciated the intellectual challenges presented by having to interpret and analyze actual microscopic images. This approach has allowed us to introduce new areas of content to our course and to stimulate critical thinking skills, a difficult task in a large introductory microbiology course.
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Senturk, Recep. "Intellectual Dependency: Late Ottoman Intellectuals between Fiqh and Social Science." Die Welt des Islams 47, no. 3 (2007): 283–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006007783237482.
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AbstractModernization led to the intellectual dependency of the Muslim world on the West for social theories. Human action ('amal) is the subject matter of both Islamic fiqh and Western social science (i.e. of all those sciences which attempt to apply empirical methods drawn from the natural sciences to the sphere of human society, including education and law). Though different in many aspects, both have a claim on widely overlapping intellectual territories. Social science in its different forms conquered the space traditionally occupied by fiqh, and its professional representatives (such as academicians, jurists, educationists, and writers) replaced the fuqahā'. This article thus points to a dialectic tension between fiqh and Western social science which shaped Muslim intellectual history since the 19th century. This article unearths this latent tension by using the example of late Ottoman intellectuals as Ziya Gökalp, Said Halim Pasha and İzmirli İsmail Hakkı. In the Ottoman case it brought about a new cleavage in the Muslim intellectual community between advocates of social science and advocates of fiqh. Yet many intellectuals and even some fuqahā' attempted a synthesis between both fields. After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, the modern Turkish Republic adopted the policy of wholesale westernization, an element of which was the adoption of Western social science to replace fiqh in explaining and ordering human action. This intervention in the intellectual life increased the dependence of modern Turkish intellectuals on the state; which is another aspect of their intellectual dependency explored in this article.
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Hickman, Jared. "Cosmic American Studies." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, no. 4 (October 2013): 968–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.4.968.
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There is not only an existential poignancy but also an intellectual piquancy to the 1950 suicide note of F. O. Matthiessen, one of the founders of American studies: “I am depressed over world conditions. I am a Christian and a Socialist. I am against any order which interferes with that objective” (“F. O. Matthiessen”). Matthiessen attributed his fateful decision to a situation—the Cold War—in which it increasingly seemed difficult to assert credibly and pursue effectively a socialist agenda without being presumed or pressured to hold commitments to materialism, atheism, and secularism. The dominant narrative of American studies is that the Cold War gave the field its life—the ideological impetus and institutional infrastructure to produce and peddle a sophisticated version of American exceptionalism (Radway 47-49; Wise 308-12). But Matthiessen's tragic case suggests instead that the Cold War may have killed American studies, at least a possible version of it. Matthiessen's fatal dilemma, I want respectfully to suggest, might instruct us how to reconstruct the history and future of a field whose “bread-and-butter concerns” have always included religion (Stein and Murison 1; cf. Modern). Matthiessen's political credentials as a socialist were bona fide, and his intellectual inclinations were toward deep historicist analysis, but he couldn't commit to Marxism, despite his frank acknowledgment of its indispensable contribution not only to intellectual culture but also to his own thinking. Clearly, personal religious reasons played a role—“I am a Christian, not through upbringing but by conviction, and I find any materialism inadequate” (Matthiessen, “Education” 180). But I want to underscore Matthiessen's intellectual objections, which arose from the evidence of his historical inquiry into American literature and culture. That is to say, I want to distinguish between how his theological convictions may have prejudiced him against Marxism's secularist teleology and how his scholarly investigation of American literature and culture raised legitimate questions about Marxism's implicit secularization narrative. In reviews of the Marxist literary histories of his Americanist colleagues V. F. Calverton and Granville Hicks, Matthiessen complained of their inability to comprehend what he called “the main development of religious idealism from Edwards through the transcendental movement” and “the strain of affirmation of the ideal that runs from the seventeenth century to the twentieth” (Responsibilities 187, 195). The secularist premises of Marxist analysis—at least in the crude form espoused by Calverton and Hicks—seemed to Matthiessen blunt instruments with which to accomplish deep understanding of the pronounced “religious idealism” of American literature and culture.
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van Meijl, Toon. "Māori Intellectual Property Rights and the Formation of Ethnic Boundaries." International Journal of Cultural Property 16, no. 3 (August 2009): 341–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739109990245.
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AbstractThis article questions and contextualizes the emergence of a discourse of intellectual property rights in Māori society. It is argued that Māori claims regarding intellectual property function primarily to demarcate ethnic boundaries between Māori and non-Māori. Māori consider the reinforcement of ethnic boundaries necessary since they experience their society and distinctive way of life as endangered both by the foreign consumption or misappropriation of aspects of their authentic cultural forms and by the intrusion of foreign cultural elements. Following Simon Harrison (1999) it is argued that the first threat is often represented as an undesired form of cultural appropriation, piracy or theft, while the second threat is viewed as a form of cultural pollution. This argument is elaborated with a case-study of each so-called danger, namely a claim regarding native flora and fauna submitted to the Waitangi Tribunal, which is considered as an example of resistance against cultural appropriation, and the increasing hostility of Māori to foreign interest and research in Māori culture and society, which is analysed as an example of opposition to putative pollution.
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COHEN-COLE, JAMIE. "Instituting the science of mind: intellectual economies and disciplinary exchange at Harvard's Center for Cognitive Studies." British Journal for the History of Science 40, no. 4 (September 11, 2007): 567–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087407000283.
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AbstractFocusing on Harvard's Center for Cognitive Studies as a case, this article uses economies of research tool exchange to develop a new way of characterizing cross-disciplinary research. Throughout its life from 1960 to 1972, the Center for Cognitive Studies hosted scholars from several disciplines. However, there were two different research cultures at the Center. With its directors and patrons committed to a philosophy that equated creative science with eclectic search for and invention of new tools, the Center's initial interdisciplinary research culture emphasized the exchange of ideas and methods. Several years later, once its work was well under way, the Center's culture became multidisciplinary. Rather than emphasizing the sharing, invention, location, discussion and stabilization of new research techniques, the Center's multidisciplinary economy involved researchers working in parallel.
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Ennals, Richard. "Democratic Dialogue and Development: An Intellectual Obituary of Björn Gustavsen." International Journal of Action Research, no. 2-3/2018 (January 11, 2019): 146–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3224/ijar.v14i2-3.06.
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Björn Gustavsen, with an original professional background as a lawyer and judge in his native Norway, had a formative role in organisational development processes in Norway, Sweden, Scandinavia and the European Union over four decades. Following in the tradition of Norwegian working life research by Trist and Thorsrud, he provided the conceptual framework and practical case studies which have driven major national and international programmes. He learned from different experience of organisational change in, for example, the USA and Japan, but he identified a distinctive way forward for the European Union, where he acted as a senior adviser. In contrast to conventional Taylorist top-down management and reliance on expert consultants, his approach was bottom up and concept driven, with a focus on empowering workers. With a commitment to long-term sustainable processes, he emphasised the importance of capacity building and succession planning, highlighting development organisations. His approach to partnership and coalition building enabled collaboration across sectors, in the cause of creating collaborative advantage. He had a distinctive fluent academic writing style, but spentmost of his time engaged in the design and practice of development, and editing the work of younger colleagues. He saw the role of academic journals and edited books in the development process, so encouraged new publications, but without seeking to dominate. He took ideas of Action Research and case studies, and applied them to national enterprise development programmes, working with the labour market parties. This resulted in a distinctive research and development culture.
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Lenzer, Julie, and Piotr Kulczakowicz. "Fueling Spin-offs: Case Studies of University-based Technology Start-up Funding." Technology & Innovation 22, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 29–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21300/21.4.2021.4.
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The new technologies born from academic research can be very promising, yet they are often very early stage. University spin-off companies are uniquely positioned to tackle the risks associated with new technologies emerging from academia by developing proofs of concept, functioning prototypes, and new products. While these enterprises start from a solid research and development foundation, they face their own unique set of challenges—they are strongly anchored in the scientific and technological expertise that is typically backed by intellectual property but often lack the business experience needed to develop and market products demanded by customers. University spin-offs have access to substantial non-dilutive funding that can be utilized for advancing product development. While the relentless pursuit of these funds builds a company's credibility and improves its position for negotiating future private investment, university spin-offs would greatly benefit from an early focus on complementing their technology teams with their business teams. These new enterprises should consider pursuing private investment in parallel to utilizing sources of non-dilutive funding. Timing of private investment is extremely important to maximize the value of the opportunity, and, therefore, building relationships with investors early on and getting ready for executing an investment round can greatly increase odds for success. While there is no single path to formulate, pursue, and adapt successful financing strategies, lessons can be learned from real-life cases of university spin-offs that continue their journeys towards ultimate success.
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Watson, Joanne, Erin Wilson, and Nick Hagiliassis. "Supporting end of life decision making: Case studies of relational closeness in supported decision making for people with severe or profound intellectual disability." Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities 30, no. 6 (August 16, 2017): 1022–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jar.12393.
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MURALI, MALINI. "Interpreting the Other: Intellectual History and Cultural Difference." Journal of Indian and Asian Studies 01, no. 02 (July 2020): 2050007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2717541320500072.
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This paper argues that higher education in India, especially in the field of humanities and area studies, continues to be a Euro-American inheritance. Even when area studies attempt to offer a critique of the post-Enlightenment construction of universal human nature by locating the human in diverse cultural specificities, the discipline is still unable to configure the ‘context’ outside conceptual boundaries of the West. For instance, studies of culture seem to take historical narrativity as a cultural universal. That is to say, even when cultures do not privilege clear-cut notions of history or philosophy, the assumption is that it should be possible to unravel the historical or philosophical impulses of these cultures by studying the kind of narratives that the cultures have produced. The primacy of the narrative as the life-giving and meaning-making source in an essentially chaotic world is grounded, it seems to me, in Western onto-theology. This narrative model is incapable of studying mnemocultures (cultures of memory) like India (and Asia), for even when the culture produces diverse and heterogenous narrative weaves like itihasa, purana and kavya, the narrative does not enjoy a privileged status in these cultural forms. These compositions have a performative significance whose meaning is not found or guided by presence of the narrative or its potential for truth and identity. This paper will show that positivist historiographic assumptions regarding cultural forms in the non-West, especially in the Indian context, are ill-equipped to engage with traditions that lie outside the heritage of the West. Such attempts to situate an ancient past as embodied in cultural forms extraneous to the Western metaphysic are really accounts of self-understanding of the latter. The receptions of Keralamahatmyam purana in modern intellectual discourses set against the existence of the purana in living traditions of performance outside the confines of the university will be used as a case in point to elucidate the incapability of existing conceptual categories in the humanities discourse to configure cultural difference.
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Tritto, Giovanna, Ivana Ricca, Marco Turi, Andrea Gemma, Filippo Muratori, Gioacchino Scarano, and Fortunato Lonardo. "Clinical Characterization of a 6-Year-Old Patient with Autism and Two Adjacent Duplications on 10q11.22q11.23. A Case Report." Children 8, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8060518.
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Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting in the first 3 years of life. Deficits occur in the core areas of social communication and interaction and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities. The causes of autism are unknown, but clinical genetic studies show strong evidence in favor of the involvement of genetic factors in etiology. Molecular genetic studies report some associations with candidate genes, and candidate regions have emerged from several genome-wide linkage studies. Here, we report a clinical case of autism in a 6-year-old boy with double duplication on 10q11.22q11.23 with ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder), intellectual disability, developmental delay, hypotonia, gross-motor skills deficit, overgrowth and mild dysmorphic features. In the literature, only five cases of ASD with 10q11.21q11.23 duplication are reported. This is the first extensive clinical description of an ASD subject with 10q11.22q11.23 duplication. Our findings suggest that 10q11.21q11.23 microduplication could represent a copy number variant that predisposes to autism.
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McInnis, Erica Elaine. "Effectiveness of individual psychodynamic psychotherapy in disability psychotherapy." Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities 10, no. 2 (March 7, 2016): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/amhid-09-2015-0047.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to report effectiveness of disability psychotherapy with a male adult with a mild intellectual disability presenting with complex emotional and behavioural problems. Design/methodology/approach – An individual case study was used with repeated analytic, quantitative and qualitative measures. This reported progress from individual weekly disability psychotherapy of psychodynamic orientation within an emotional disability framework. Findings – Disability psychotherapy led to a reduction in emotional and behavioural problems, reduction in emotional disability and facilitated protective psychological growth. In total, 88 sessions resulted in cessation of problem behaviours when other approaches did not. Given this therapy is likely to be reserved for the most complex and severe of cases, this study suggests more sessions of psychotherapy are needed than inferred from previous studies of effectiveness (Beail et al., 2007). This is to promote a sense of self which facilitates psychological well-being. Research limitations/implications – Limitations of a single case study include generalisability, controlling other factors in real life settings and subjectivity from inclusion of analytical measures. Further studies and follow-up would determine longevity of benefits. Nevertheless disability psychotherapy can be effective and should be available in a culturally appropriate service to meet the diverse needs of people with intellectual disabilities. Originality/value – This case study adds to the limited body of evidence on effectiveness of psychotherapy for people with intellectual disabilities. It is novel to report formal outcomes from an emotional disability model (Frankish, 2013a) and the use of analytic and attachment outcome measures.
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Bican, Peter M., Carsten C. Guderian, and Anne Ringbeck. "Managing knowledge in open innovation processes: an intellectual property perspective." Journal of Knowledge Management 21, no. 6 (October 9, 2017): 1384–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-11-2016-0509.
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Purpose As firms turn their innovation activities toward collaborating with external partners, they face additional challenges in managing their knowledge. While different modes of intellectual property right regimes are applied in closed innovation systems, there seems to be tension between the concepts of “open innovation” and “intellectual property rights”. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how firms best manage knowledge via intellectual property rights in open innovation processes. Design/methodology/approach Following a mixed methods approach, the authors review relevant literature at the intersection of knowledge management, intellectual property rights, strategic management of intellectual property rights and the open innovation process. The authors identify success drivers through the lenses of – but not limited to – intellectual property rights and classify them in five distinct groups. Expending the view on open innovation beyond its modus operandi, the authors develop the Open Innovation Life Cycle, covering three stages and three levels of the open innovation process. The authors apply their findings to a case study in the pharmaceutical industry. Findings The authors provide four key contributions. First, existing literature yields inconclusive results concerning the enabling or disabling function of intellectual property rights in open innovation processes, but the majority of scholars detect an ambivalent relation. Second, they identify and classify success drivers of successful knowledge management via intellectual property rights in open innovation processes. Third, they advance literature on open innovation beyond its modus operandi to include three stages and three levels. Fourth, they test their findings to a case study and show how management leverages knowledge by properly using intellectual property rights in open innovation. Practical implications The findings support firms in managing knowledge via intellectual property rights in open innovation processes. Management should account for the peculiarities of open innovation preparation and open innovation termination to prevent unintentional knowledge drain. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to view open innovation as a process beyond its modus operandi by considering the preparations for and termination of open innovation activities. It also addresses the levels involved in managing knowledge via intellectual property rights in open innovation from individual (personal) to project and firm level.
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Waldmann, Felix. "David Hume in Chicago: A Twentieth-Century Hoax." Journal of British Studies 59, no. 4 (October 2020): 793–820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2020.127.
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AbstractThis article alleges that two letters attributed to the philosopher David Hume (1711–1776) were forged in the twentieth century. The letters were first published in 1972 and 1973 by Michael Morrisroe, an assistant professor of English in the University of Illinois, Chicago Circle, after which they became monuments of conventional scholarship on Hume's life and writings. Both letters are cited without qualification by scholars of Hume's thought in dozens of publications, including Ernest Campbell Mossner's celebrated Life of David Hume (1980), and John Robertson's entry for Hume in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (2004). This article reconstructs the history and transmission of Hume's extant letters and attempts to account for why the forgeries published by Morrisroe were accepted as genuine. It makes a systematic case against the authenticity of the letters, and focuses in particular on the question of whether Hume met the Jansenist homme de lettres Noël-Antoine Pluche (1688–1761) and had access to his library, in Reims, in 1734. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the exposé for modern editorial scholarship and intellectual history.
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Bigby, Christine, and Julie Beadle-Brown. "Culture in Better Group Homes for People With Intellectual Disability at Severe Levels." Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 54, no. 5 (October 1, 2016): 316–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/1934-9556-54.5.316.
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Abstract Building on cultural dimensions of underperforming group homes this study analyses culture in better performing services. In depth qualitative case studies were conducted in 3 better group homes using participant observation and interviews. The culture in these homes, reflected in patterns of staff practice and talk, as well as artefacts differed from that found in underperforming services. Formal power holders were undisputed leaders, their values aligned with those of other staff and the organization, responsibility for practice quality was shared enabling teamwork, staff perceived their purpose as “making the life each person wants it to be,” working practices were person centered, and new ideas and outsiders were embraced. The culture was characterized as coherent, respectful, “enabling” for residents, and “motivating” for staff. Though it is unclear whether good group homes have a similar culture to better ones the insights from this study provide knowledge to guide service development and evaluation.
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van den Brink, Gijsbert. "How to speak with intellectual and theological decency on the resurrection of Christ?: A comparison of Swinburne and Wright." Scottish Journal of Theology 61, no. 4 (November 2008): 408–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930608004171.
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AbstractIn recent scholarship the spiritual reading of the New Testament resurrection stories has come under pressure from new studies of the relevant data. In this article, two of the most conspicuous of these studies are compared and evaluated. First, Richard Swinburne's monograph opens our eyes to the fact that, in interpreting the resurrection stories, much more is at stake than is usually recognised in so-called ‘undogmatic’ exegesis. However, the rather crude way in which Swinburne deals with these stories, suggesting that they represent Jesus' resurrection as a bare fact not qualitatively different from other historical facts, neglects their peculiarity and displays insufficient hermeneutical sensitivity for their unique theological meaning. Second, Tom Wright's monumental volume is sometimes criticised for a similar single-minded focus on historical questions and a concomitant lack of attention to the eschatological character of Jesus' resurrection. As a result, George Hunsinger has argued, it becomes unclear why the resurrection reports embody life-transforming good news now. Close scrutiny of Wright's book, however, does not vindicate this criticism. Wright neither isolates the question of the resurrection's historicity from its theological meanings nor overlooks the fact that a plausible historical case for the resurrection does not in itself elicit faith. Still, he rightly argues that what people believe about what actually has happened often plays a vital role in their personal transformation. Moreover, the eschatological nature of the resurrection does not rule out the fact that it can be seen and discussed with integrity as a historical issue.
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Hurl, Chris, and Janna Klostermann. "Remembering George W. Smith’s “Life Work”: From Politico-Administrative Regimes to Living Otherwise." Studies in Social Justice 13, no. 2 (February 21, 2020): 262–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v13i2.1932.
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This article revisits activist ethnographer George W. Smith’s intellectual and political legacy, with a focus on his engagement with and conception of “life work.” In the context of the AIDS crisis in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Smith contributed to reframing the way in which AIDS was problematized and confronted. Rather than treating people living with HIV/AIDS as “disease vectors” to be isolated from the general population, as had been the case under the prevailing public health regime, he started his research and organizing from the standpoint of people living with HIV/AIDS – investigating the everyday work that they did in accessing the services that they needed in order to survive. Drawing from archival research, activist interviews and his published works, this article traces how Smith deployed the concept of life work in his research as part of the “Hooking Up” Project, in his public writing in the gay and lesbian press, and in his organizing with AIDS ACTION NOW! in Toronto. Beyond the reproductive labour of individuals in accessing particular politico-administrative regimes, which Smith focused on in his research, we explore how life work can be theorized more broadly to include collective efforts to confront social, biomedical and institutional barriers to living. Hence, in considering Smith’s AIDS activism, we argue that his theorizing and political organizing, taken together, should themselves be seen as forms of life work.
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Claggett, Shalyn. "HARRIET MARTINEAU'S MATERIAL REBIRTH." Victorian Literature and Culture 38, no. 1 (February 23, 2010): 53–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150309990313.
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In 1840, thePhrenological Journalpublished an anonymous personal testimony of phrenological salvation titled “Remarkable Case of Change of Character and Pursuits.” The article appears in the “Cases and Facts” section of the periodical, commonly reserved for correspondents who provided personal accounts of the truth of phrenology. The correspondent in this “Case” makes use of the conventional structure of the conversion narrative: youthful deviance, a moment of illumination, and rebirth into a new life of virtue, peace, and joy. Beginning with a description of his former life, he explains that being “Born in the lap of luxury – bred in the tainted atmosphere of opinion” led to the “best years of [his] existence [being] passed in idle, if not in sinful pursuits.” After becoming a military officer, his dissolute behavior increases until he finally decides to correct his character, and “the great instrument employed was phrenology” (342). After adopting a disciplined regimen of moral and intellectual mental exercises, he triumphantly emerges as a man who better knows himself and his capabilities. With his “new” character comes a new life more suited to his cultivated faculties: realizing that a soldier's advancement depends on the “number of victims” sacrificed for the country's cause, he “selected the more humble profession of the Civil Engineer, for which [he] believed, phrenologically, nature had made a fair provision.” He concludes by noting that his life has since been prosperous, and that he hopes now to “aid the cause of that science” through the phrenological education of his own children and his public confession in the journal (343).
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Garnett, Jonathan, Selva Abraham, and Param Abraham. "Using work-based and work-applied learning to enhance the intellectual capital of organisations." Journal of Work-Applied Management 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jwam-08-2016-0013.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show how work-based and work-applied learning (WAL) can enhance the intellectual capital of organisations. Design/methodology/approach The paper draws organisational learning- and work-based learning literature and case study illustrations. Findings To achieve major strategic change in organisations requires working at senior level within the organisation to develop the capability of the organisation to learn and apply that learning strategically. WAL is explicitly geared to bring about change and enhance the learning capability within the organisation. Research limitations/implications There is a need for further longitudinal studies of organisations that have used the work-based and WAL approaches. Practical implications The conclusions reached have implications for higher education and non-award bearing executive education. Social implications The alignment of individual learning with organisational objectives positions learning as a co-operative part of working life rather than just individual preparation for employment. Originality/value The paper positions work-based learning and WAL as appropriate responses to the learning needs of organisations as well as individuals.
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Huertas-Valdivia, Irene, Anna Maria Ferrari, Davide Settembre-Blundo, and Fernando E. García-Muiña. "Social Life-Cycle Assessment: A Review by Bibliometric Analysis." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (August 1, 2020): 6211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156211.
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This study examined the literature on social life-cycle assessment (S-LCA) published in the last 15 years (2003–2018) using bibliometric methods. Applying scientific mapping and analyzing publication performance, the study describes the structure of and trends in S-LCA publications in terms of related subject categories, authors, journals, countries, and highly cited articles. Challenges and research gaps in the S-LCA literature were also explored. The content of related papers published in the ISI Web of Science databases was examined to identify the main themes investigated, evolution of publication activity, and most representative elements. Analyses were conducted with SciMAT software. This tool enables researchers to map research specialties by extracting qualitative information in the specialized literature and representing it using quantitative measures. The results show rapid and exponential growth of the S-LCA research line in the past ten years, with a clear upward trend in related publications (mostly case studies), especially after publication of the UNEP/SETAC Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products in 2009: 66% of all articles published on S-LCA were published during the period 2015–2018, primarily by European authors. The findings also delineate S-LCA as a highly fragmented research field that has been applied to diverse sectors (agriculture, bioenergy, transport, water management, chemical products, electronics, etc.), mainly in non-European countries. Critical questions concerning methods, framework, paradigms, and indicators remain to be resolved. This study provides insight into the publication performance of S-LCA, characterizing its intellectual structure and salient authors and works. In identifying hotspots in the S-LCA research, the study provides a useful state-of-the-art reference guide for academics and reveals critical research gaps and potential research avenues for future studies to advance in consolidating the discipline.
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Méjécase, Cécile, Christopher M. Way, Nicholas Owen, and Mariya Moosajee. "Ocular Phenotype Associated with DYRK1A Variants." Genes 12, no. 2 (February 5, 2021): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes12020234.
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Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A or DYRK1A, contributes to central nervous system development in a dose-sensitive manner. Triallelic DYRK1A is implicated in the neuropathology of Down syndrome, whereas haploinsufficiency causes the rare DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome (also known as mental retardation 7). It is characterised by intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder and microcephaly with a typical facial gestalt. Preclinical studies elucidate a role for DYRK1A in eye development and case studies have reported associated ocular pathology. In this study families of the DYRK1A Syndrome International Association were asked to self-report any co-existing ocular abnormalities. Twenty-six patients responded but only 14 had molecular confirmation of a DYRK1A pathogenic variant. A further nineteen patients from the UK Genomics England 100,000 Genomes Project were identified and combined with 112 patients reported in the literature for further analysis. Ninety out of 145 patients (62.1%) with heterozygous DYRK1A variants revealed ocular features, these ranged from optic nerve hypoplasia (13%, 12/90), refractive error (35.6%, 32/90) and strabismus (21.1%, 19/90). Patients with DYRK1A variants should be referred to ophthalmology as part of their management care pathway to prevent amblyopia in children and reduce visual comorbidity, which may further impact on learning, behaviour, and quality of life.
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Bouma, Johan. "How Alexander von Humboldt's life story can inspire innovative soil research in developing countries." SOIL 3, no. 3 (September 13, 2017): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/soil-3-153-2017.
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Abstract. The pioneering vision of Alexander von Humboldt of science and society of the early 1800s is still highly relevant today. His open mind and urge to make many measurements characterizing the interconnected web of life are crucial ingredients as we now face the worldwide challenge of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Case studies in the Philippines, Vietnam, Kenya, Niger, and Costa Rica demonstrate, in Alexander's spirit, interaction with stakeholders and attention to unique local conditions, applying modern measurement and modeling methods and allowing inter- and transdisciplinary research approaches. But relations between science and society are increasingly problematic, partly as a result of the information revolution and post-truth, fact-free thinking. Overly regulated and financially restricted scientific communities in so-called developed countries may stifle intellectual creativity. Researchers in developing countries are urged to leapfrog these problems in the spirit of Alexander von Humboldt as they further develop their scientific communities. Six suggestions to the science community are made with particular attention to soil science. (The Humboldt lecture, presented by the 2017 recipient of the Alexander von Humboldt lecture, Johan Bouma, can be accessed at http://client.cntv.at/egu2017/ml1.)
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Sajith, S., and W. Wong. "Pathologic Aerophagia in Patients with Intellectual Disability: A Review of its Pathophysiology, Clinical Features and Management." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1741.
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BackgroundPathologic aerophagia is characterised by excessive swallowing of air resulting in significant abdominal distension or belching. This is a relatively rare condition in general population but has been reported in up to 8.8% of institutionalized patients with intellectual disability (ID). In severe cases, this can cause volvulus and ileus, and even intestinal perforation. Currently, there is limited information on this potentially life-threatening condition, particularly for people with ID.AimTo review the up to date literature on the pathophysiology, clinical features and management strategies of pathologic aerophagia in relation to people with ID.MethodsA literature search of electronic database was performed using specific keywords. Review articles were selected using pre-defined criteria.ResultsApart from a few small controlled trials on pharmacotherapy, most of the studies were case series or uncontrolled studies. The understanding on pathophysiology is incomplete but is thought to involve a reflex-induced movement of upper oesophageal sphincter and may be associated with anxiety or stress. A comprehensive history and physical examination as well as an abdominal radiograph may be helpful in diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment is reassurance and behaviour therapy. Medications that are helpful include antacids, anti-reflux drugs and benzodiazepines. Surgical treatment is recommended for patients who do not respond to conservative treatment.ConclusionsPathologic aerophagia is not uncommon in people with ID and can present with severe challenges in the assessment and management. Further studies are necessary to provide evidence-based treatment guidelines for the management of this condition particularly in patients with ID.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Pertiwi, Sylvidire Maharani, and Irwanto Irwanto. "The Quality of Life of Mothers Who Have Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." IJDS Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies 7, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.ijds.2020.007.02.02.
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex intellectual and developmental disability clinically diagnosed when s/he is 2 or three years old. These children demand special care to meet their special needs to enable optimized potentials in their development. This qualitative study aims at understanding the stressors affecting the quality of life of the primary care-giver. Parenting for children with ASD is usually more complicated and demanding than for children without disabilities. Four case studies were selected to represent typical mothers of ASD children in different phases of development. Their ages ranged from 29-50 years old and the ages of their children were 6 to 22 years old. Research credibility is constructed through interviews with significant others and observation of social media activities. The instrument for the study is WHO-QoL-BREF which is adjusted for an interview protocol. The results indicated that mothers who were not supported by their spouse and family members often had to deal with the uncertain future alone. Those who felt accomplished in caring for their children were strengthened by the parenting experiences. Support from professionals is crucial for mothers in addition to support from significant others and peers, in maintaining their quality of life.
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Kresse, Kai. "Knowledge and Intellectual Practice in A Swahili Context: ‘Wisdom’ and The Social Dimensions of Knowledge." Africa 79, no. 1 (February 2009): 148–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e000197200800065x.
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This article investigates ‘wisdom’ from an ethnographic perspective that pays attention to the ways in which knowledge is performed, appreciated, negotiated and questioned in everyday life in Mombasa, on the Swahili coast. It discusses the baraza setting (daily meeting points for male social peers) as a venue for intellectual practice and the appreciation of wisdom. Basic features of communicative interaction identified there can also be found to be in play when looking at case studies of individuals and their performances. The article looks at how two genres (didactic tenzi poetry and Ramadhan lectures) are used by Swahili intellectuals who are regarded as exceptional in their field. Verbal, performative and social skills are found to be crucial aspects of wisdom, which also has to do with being able to engage with common social concerns in a manner that leads to further insight and intellectual orientation for others. In this sense, social responsibilities and moral obligations in the use of knowledge play an important role. Overall, the article seeks to contribute to a general discussion of wisdom, based on insights gained on the East African coast.
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Adams, Clive E., Christos Pantelis, Peter J. Duke, and Thomas R. E. Barnes. "Psychopathology, Social and Cognitive Functioning in a Hostel for Homeless Women." British Journal of Psychiatry 168, no. 1 (January 1996): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.168.1.82.
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BackgroundThis study surveyed all residents in a hostel for homeless women. Demographic data, and information on past and present psychiatric and social morbidity and current and premorbid cognitive functioning were collected.MethodA four week prevalence study using: SCID–PD; a semi-structured interview; GHQ; SBS; Manchester Scale; MMSE; and NART; the data were analysed using SPSS.ResultsThe women originated from across the social spectrum and disruption of early family life was common. Fifty per cent had a ‘severe mental illness’ and most were not receiving drug treatment. High levels of active psychotic symptoms were present. Women with psychosis had suffered a greater intellectual decline from their premorbid levels of functioning than those without psychosis.ConclusionsThe study affirmed findings of earlier studies employing case-series methodology. Women with high levels of psychiatric morbidity and social dysfunction were being managed by care workers in a way that may promote stability rather than a drift into street-life.
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Metzger, Thomas A. "Some Ancient Roots of Modern Chinese Thought: This-Worldliness, Epistemological Optimism, Doctrinality, and the Emergence of Reflexivity in the Eastern Chou." Early China 11 (1985): 61–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0362502800003977.
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Dealing with China's oldest and second oldest intellectual documents (Lun-yü and the genuine parts of Mo-tzu), this paper views them as “laying” the intellectual foundations of China's axial civilization” and sharing a distinctive concept of knowledge, “epistemological optimism.” Epistemological optimism, in turn, was a necessary corollary of “this-worldliness,” the preoccupation, especially intense in the case of Lun-yü, with evaluating people and distributing sanctions in a morally perfect way during this life, as opposed to depending on a bar of judgment in the afterlife. The combination of “this-worldliness” with epistemological optimism has dominated Chinese thought to this day, in striking contrast to the major role of “epistemological pessimism” in the intellectual world of the modern West. Mo-tzu was more reflexive than Confucius. Yet instead of leading to “epistemological pessimism,” his reflexivity was combined with not only epistemological optimism but also his assumption that the development of doctrine can resolve all moral questions and bring about moral action. This paper also explores other ways in which Mo-tzu was a seminal thinker, one introducing words and ideas that are missing in Lun-yü, and that came to be commonplaces of Chinese thought. It also argues that the emphasis on evaluation found in the thought of Confucius and Mo-tzu must be considered when we describe how these two thinkers envisaged the relation between self and group, and its methodology differs somewhat from the approaches used in previous studies of Chou thought.
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Chiaramonte, José Carlos. "The “Ancient Constitution” after Independence (1808–1852)." Hispanic American Historical Review 90, no. 3 (August 1, 2010): 455–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-2010-003.
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Abstract The expression antigua constitución was frequently used in the Hispanic world at least since the second half of the eighteenth century in a manner similar to the British use of the terms “ancient constitution” or “fundamental law.” Scarcely studied, this political concept is a key to a better understanding of the history of Spanish America during the years that followed the crisis of the monarchy—a long period of instability judged traditionally as an age of anarchy and void of any political norms. On the contrary, the new sovereign, though fragile, governments emerging after independence resorted to a hybrid and ambiguous set of rules and principles, some of them of colonial origin. Ancient statutes such as the Leyes de Indias or the more recent Real Ordenanza de Intendentes coexisted with the new legislation that intended to establish representative regimes. This article aims to assess the validity of that ancient constitution in the political life of the provinces of Río de la Plata. Therefore, the case of facultades extraordinarias granted to governors is studied here not as the usual proof of arbitrary rule, but as a component of the antigua constitución—the classical institution of dictatorship. Concomitantly, the concept of caudillismo and the intellectual formation of government leaders are revisited. Frequently veiled to eyes in search for Latin America’s modernity, a coherent set of doctrines—most of them rooted in the Law of Nature and the Law of Nations—comes into sight as the foundations of the political life of this period.
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Simons, Rianne, Renske Koordeman, Peter de Looff, and Roy Otten. "Physiological Measurements of Stress Preceding Incidents of Challenging Behavior in People With Severe to Profound Intellectual Disabilities: Longitudinal Study Protocol of Single-Case Studies." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 7 (July 21, 2021): e24911. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/24911.
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Background Clients with severe to profound intellectual disabilities (SPID) and challenging behavior (CB) and the professional caregivers that support them are vulnerable to high stress levels, which negatively impact their well-being and the quality of care. CB is thought to result from an increase in the intensity and frequency of clients’ stress experiences. In turn, staff members experience stress in dealing with this behavior, and stressed staff members might behave in ways that increase clients’ stress levels, contributing to the origin and maintenance of CB. Research into these dyadic interactions between clients and staff is scarce for people with SPID, especially in real-life situations. The barriers of studying stress in this population include clients’ difficulties in communicating stress experiences and the lack of an objective continuous measure of stress. Objective This paper presents a protocol for studying patterns of physiological stress in 15 client-caregiver dyads in the 30 minutes preceding incidents of CB compared to control periods without CB and the interplay between the stress levels of clients and professional caregivers. Methods We will conduct 15 single-case studies to assess patterns of physiological stress in dyads of clients with SPID and professional caregivers prior to CB in several Dutch residential institutes. Client-caregiver dyads will wear the Empatica E4 wristband for 20 sessions of 3 to 8 hours without interruptions of daily routines while caregivers report clients’ CB. The physiological measures obtained will be electrodermal activity (microsiemens) and heart rate (beats per minute). A multilevel model with repeated measures at the incident level nested within the person level will be applied, employing separate models for electrodermal activity and heart rate to compare stress levels in the 30 minutes prior to incidents with control epochs. Covariates in the models include movement, temperature, and gender. In addition, cross-recurrence quantification analyses will be performed to study the synchronization between the stress levels of clients and professional caregivers. Results The Ethics Committee of the Radboud University (NL-number: NL71683.091.19) approved the study on February 12, 2020. In total, 15 organizations have declared their commitment to participate in the study. The first result is expected in the spring of 2022. Conclusions Study results will demonstrate whether changes in patterns of electrodermal activity and heart rate are apparent in the 30 minutes preceding an incident of CB compared to baseline levels when the client does not engage in CB. The synchronization between caregivers’ and clients’ physiological stress levels will be explored with cross-recurrence quantification analyses. Insights into the physiological stress levels of clients and caregivers may contribute to a reduction of CB and an improvement of both clients’ and caregivers’ safety and well-being. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/24911
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Kazani, Zahra. "Between the Foreign and the Familiar." Journal of Islamic Manuscripts 11, no. 3 (October 29, 2020): 373–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1878464x-01103004.
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Abstract A Qurʾan manuscript (British Library Add 5548–5551), attributed to fifteenth-century India, features a curious case of English annotations within its folios. The annotations take the form of interlinear translations superimposed onto its Persian counterpart. This article takes the contents of the English annotations and its physical placement within the body of the text as a platform to investigate the socio-cultural contexts of the manuscript’s circulation. In doing so, it illustrates the life of its owner, Charles Hamilton, an eighteenth-century military official and Orientalist at the East India Company. The content of the annotations suggests the manuscript’s function as a tool for language acquisition in the midst of Orientalist attempts at colonizing Indian knowledge; its physical placement, an embodiment of British encounters in India. The article builds on the nature of manuscript collecting by Company officials and the role that objects can play as they intersect with intellectual history.
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Scott, Peter, and Anna Spadavecchia. "Fundamental Patents, National Intellectual Property Regimes, and the Development of New Industries in Britain and America during the Second Industrial Revolution." Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 60, no. 1 (May 27, 2019): 181–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2019-0008.
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Abstract Several “new” industries of the second industrial revolution were characterised by one, or few, “fundamental” patents, without which manufacture of a viable product was not practicable. The degree of monopoly control that such patents conveyed was mediated by national socio-legal regimes, encompassing both patent law and its interpretation and enforcement. Using four case studies (two for the UK – a low anti-trust environment, and two for the USA – a high anti-trust environment) we show that fundamental patents were major determinants of monopoly power, industry structure, barriers to competition, and consumer prices. Impacts could extend beyond the life of the patents, owing to first mover advantages and path-dependent processes. Meanwhile national socio-legal environments, the nature of the fundamental patents, the strategies of the patent owners, and the nature of the specific product technology could have important (and sometimes unforeseen) consequences.
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Wright, Daniel. "Revolutions of the Ordinary: Victorian Studies and the Turn to Ordinary Language." Victorian Literature and Culture 47, no. 2 (2019): 449–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150319000056.
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“To engage seriously with ordinary language philosophy,” Toril Moi tells us in the introduction to Revolution of the Ordinary: Literary Studies after Wittgenstein, Austin, and Cavell, “is a little like undergoing psychoanalysis. Wittgenstein assumes that we don't begin doing philosophy just for the sake of it, but because something is making us feel confused, as if we had lost our way.” As Moi begins her project of explaining to an audience of literary critics the insights of ordinary-language philosophy, represented primarily by the work of Ludwig Wittgenstein, J. L. Austin, and Stanley Cavell, and making a case for the value of their ideas for the practice we usually call close reading, this psychoanalytic metaphor makes a sudden turn to diagnosis, or to the initiation of a kind of therapeutic address that can feel coercive even in its charisma. You must recognize your sickness, Moi insists, before you can be receptive to the treatment. “Who wants to undergo philosophical therapy,” she goes on to ask, “if they feel that everything in their intellectual life is just fine as it is? Paradoxically, then, the best readers of the reputedly ‘conservative’ Wittgenstein might be those who genuinely feel the need for a change” (12). What kind of therapeutic project does Moi want to pursue in this book, which begins by distinguishing the best readers (the readiest patients) from those who think, conservatively, that everything is “just fine as it is”?
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Wittkowski, Joachim. "Farewell Letters I: The Dying Process of a Healthy Man." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 82, no. 3 (November 29, 2018): 370–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030222818812959.
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This qualitative case study describes the dying process from a purely psychological perspective. The letters of Count Moltke, who was sentenced to death and executed during the Nazi regime, to his wife were analyzed content analytically. A work program of four self-imposed tasks emerged, namely first to avert the death sentence, second to prepare for the ideological and intellectual battle with the chairman of the court, third to support his wife in her anticipatory mourning, and fourth to achieve willingness for his dying by strangulation and for losing his life. Contrasting these findings with two cases of incurably ill men confirmed work and structure as the overarching way of coping. Religious coping is also of central importance. There was neither a linear trajectory nor a sequence of phases; rather, Moltke’s dying process corresponds to a circular model. A consequence of the findings is outlined.
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Bruijn, Petra De. "Islam goes Hollywood. An exploratory study on Islam in Turkish cinema." CINEJ Cinema Journal 2, no. 1 (November 26, 2012): 19–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/cinej.2012.51.
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Abstract By means of two case studies, this article demonstrates how differently Islam is depicted in a Turkish film composed by a secular, intellectual director and in a film considered to promote an Islamic way of life. Yılmaz Güney’s art house film Umut/Hope (1970) depicts Islam as an integral part of Turkish reality. In the story of a poor carriage driver in South East Anatolia, who turns to treasure hunting guided by an imam, folk Islam is compared to a (secular) national lottery ticket: neither are the solution to existential problems. İsmail Güneş’ film The İmam (2005) can be regarded as an example of the return of Islamic values into Turkish society, showing compatibility with modernity. However, whereas Umut is showing (folk) Islam as an existing reality in Turkish society of the 1970s, The İmam is teaching a moral lesson to Turkish society of the 2000s.
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D’Ambrosio, V., P. Silvestri, F. Aureli, A. Sturniolo, G. Grandaliano, and P. M. Ferraro. "Angiosarcoma of an Arteriovenous Fistula for Hemodialysis in a Kidney Transplant Recipient Affected by Lowe’s Syndrome." Case Reports in Nephrology 2020 (April 13, 2020): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9734635.
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Objective/Background. To describe an uncommon, life-threatening condition such as angiosarcoma of a fistula for hemodialysis occurring in a transplant recipient affected by Lowe’s syndrome. Summary. We present the case of a 56-year-old male kidney transplant recipient affected by Lowe’s syndrome, also known as oculocerebrorenal syndrome, a rare X-linked disorder characterized by congenital cataracts, hypotonia, intellectual disability, and Fanconi-like renal tubular dysfunction, who was diagnosed with angiosarcoma of a functioning arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. Conclusion. Angiosarcoma is a rare soft tissue tumor, and only 22 cases of angiosarcoma of arteriovenous fistulae were described so far; although a correlation between Lowe’s syndrome and a higher risk of tumor compared to the general population has not been described so far, the mechanisms of disease causation could be an interesting starting point for future studies on a possible connection between the two events.
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Knights, David. "Authority at Work: Reflections and Recollections." Organization Studies 27, no. 5 (January 9, 2006): 699–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840606065922.
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This article summarizes, in a style that I have never before been brave enough to adopt, my work as an academic over the last 30 years. I have come closer here to practising what I have preached concerning the idea of being in the text as a self-reflexive, embodied subject rather than representing the world as a detached observer. Our self-imposed, but also heavily institutionalized, pressure to conform to certain modes of writing can produce standardized and anodyne accounts. While we often pretend that personal life is distant from our intellectual endeavours, this is rarely the case, for personal and professional lives are interdependent. I have also tried to offer more conventional accounts of those ideas and theories that have informed my work yet have also been intertwined with personally meaningful experiences. I am grateful to Organization Studies for offering me this opportunity.
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Cicchelli, Vincenzo, and Sylvie Octobre. "Introducing Youth and Globalization and the Special Issue: The Rise and Fall of Cosmopolitanism." Youth and Globalization 1, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25895745-00101001.
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Youth and Globalization is an academic forum for discussion and exchanges, a space for intellectual creativity on all questions relating to youth in a globalizing world. Its aim is to provide an innovative understanding of youth studies in a global context based on multiscalar, multilevel, multisite, and multidisciplinary approaches. Young people both are affected by and are the actors of the globalization of everyday life. Drawing on both theoretical and empirical research, the journal explores how young people relate to globality and its outcomes. To open this discussion, the Journal starts with an issue devoted to understanding the global generation through the lenses of the cosmopolitan approach. It discusses four major criticisms and provides a counter position to. In the first case, cosmopolitanism is too often considered as a natural consequence of globalization, while in the second as being too ethnocentric. In the third case, cosmopolitanism has been assimilated to the ideology of contemporary global capitalism and in the fourth case it is mocked as a mere utopia. The papers gathered here investigate values, norms, behaviors and practices related to esthetic, cultural, ethic and political cosmopolitanisms.
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Graf, Rüdiger. "Anticipating the Future in the Present: “New Women” and Other Beings of the Future in Weimar Germany." Central European History 42, no. 4 (November 16, 2009): 647–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938909991026.
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Why another article about the “new woman” in Weimar Germany, which for at least twenty-five years has been a favorite topic of historical scholarship in various disciplines? Earlier studies in history, art history, and German and Gender Studies unmasked the “new woman” as a media construction unrelated to the life-world of women after World War I, and newer studies emphasize the liberating tendencies, especially for younger women in Weimar Germany. Broadening these perspectives, I will argue that the concept of the “new woman” and its specific temporal structure can be seen further as a paradigm case for Weimar political and intellectual debates in general. “New women” were conceptualized as anticipations of the future and thus need to be situated and understood in front of the broader horizon of expectation, in the words of Reinhart Koselleck, of Weimar Germany. Because the realm of politics is constituted by expectations of the future, of what will happen and of what may be done, an analysis of the “new woman” and concurring anticipations of the future can, in turn, elucidate the structure and dynamics of political discourse in Weimar Germany.
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Alborn, Timothy L. "A Calculating Profession: Victorian Actuaries among the Statisticians." Science in Context 7, no. 3 (1994): 433–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889700001770.
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The ArgumentHistorians of science naturally tend to express interest in other forms of intellectual activity only when these intersect with science. This tendncy has produced a number of enlightening studies of what happens when science and (for instance) law or theology come into contact, but little by way of how science enters into the calculations and social status of such forms of knowledge after the conjuction has passed. Recent work in the sociology of professions, in contrast, has focused attention precisely on those moments when the expert knowledge produced by different group doesnotoverlap. This has been the contribution of Andrew Abbortt's theory of “jurisdictional boundaries” between competing professions. The case of Victorian actuaries who worked hard to maintain unique intellectual claims in the competitive life insurance industry while maintainiing strong social connections and overlaps in knowledge with organized science, challenges the way both historians of science and sociologists of professions view contending knowledge claims. By observing what motivated actuaries to forge an alliance with men of science in the 1820s, then tracing their gradual recognition of a need to distance themselves from certain of the “scientific” values that had earlier informed their collective identity, it is possible to make sense of connections as well as disconnections between science and other forms of knowledge. A history of quantification from the actuaries' perspective, in other words, allows us to view science bothasandincontext.
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Poghosyan, Garik. "The Self-perceived Impact of COVID-19 Human Mobility Restrictions on Armenian Students Aged 14-18." Journal of Education in Black Sea Region 6, no. 2 (May 21, 2021): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31578/jebs.v6i2.234.
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The present article showcases the self-perceived impacts of COVID-19-related human mobility restrictions on the Armenian youth aged 14 to 18. Rather than attempting to discuss policies or theories or concentrate on certain areas of the fabric of human society, such as human rights, economy, health care, this case study makes a bold attempt to illuminate the reader about the condition and self-perceived effects of the crisis on a specific age group in the context of COVID-restricted mobility and ensuing challenges (education, social life, including sports and extracurricular activities, emotional well-being) in a given country, something that has been prevailingly, if not completely, ignored even in those research projects that have addressed the COVID-19-related human mobility limitations for specific groups of people (migrants, the displaced, women, etc.). Thus, the author has attempted to lay the groundwork for further case studies as well as comparative research investigating the human mobility dimension of the COVID-19 crisis for adolescents or various age groups with an emphasis on the effects of reduced or restricted mobility on the intellectual, athletic, social or cultural life of those affected by them. Overall, the participants displayed the whole gamut of both negative and positive experiences and gave varied responses.
Keywords: human mobility, COVID-19, students aged 14-18
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Rabin, Colette, and Grinell Smith. "Social studies from a care ethics perspective in an elementary classroom." Social Studies Research and Practice 12, no. 3 (November 20, 2017): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-05-2017-0025.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore social studies from the moral perspective of an ethic of care. Care ethics considers not only the cognitive skills but also the affective dimensions of educative experiences for how they might forward an ethical ideal of caring. Design/methodology/approach This case study was conducted in a second-grade classroom at a small, diverse, urban, independent K-8th grade elementary school. Data were gathered from six sources: notes from the participating second-grade teacher’s planning meetings over the course of a two and a half month unit of instruction about genealogy; lesson plans and observation notes; interviews of participating teachers; interviews with participating students; surveys of students; and the second-grade teacher’s reflective journal. The authors took a phenomenological approach to data analysis, examining the entire data set and conducting inductive interpretive coding to identify emergent themes. Findings The authors found that adopting the theoretical perspective of care ethics helped a novice elementary teacher revise his/her approach to social studies instruction. Care ethics led to the teacher coming to see himself/herself as a teacher of care ethics, focusing on dialogue over stories to teach caring in diverse contexts, and highlighting social aspects of the curriculum. The students’ descriptions of their learning indicate that they perceived a larger purpose for their social studies lessons – in this case, participation in social life – and that this perception contributed to their engagement. Research limitations/implications The study was conducted at one school site where the teachers enjoyed the intellectual freedom to infuse new perspectives such as care ethics into their curriculum. More research needs to be done to explore the feasibility of application of these ideas elsewhere. Practical implications Implications include how adopting an ethic of care provides a larger purpose for social studies that may deepen the educative experience, both for the teacher and for the students. Adopting an ethic of care in social studies might help cultivate students’ inclination to act in more caring ways toward one another. Originality/value This paper addresses the overlooked ethical purposes of teaching social studies from a care ethics perspective.
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Bristol, Terry. "Teaching Politics to Nurses." Politics and the Life Sciences 5, no. 1 (August 1986): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400001672.
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Nurses, as other life science students, have been prejudiced against politics, imagining that it only contaminates techno-scientific enterprises. However, the new, professional nurse is aware of the need for political understanding and political skills. The transformation of the socio-economic status of the health care industry from a social service to a business provides an excellent opportunity for introducing the nursing student to political thought in a positive conjunction with practical analysis.To generate a credible metapolitical framework, I embrace rather than avoid the current problems about the nature of the subject matter of politics. An aggressive, philosophically informed attack on the myth of autonomous, objective science opens the student's intellectual map of reality, and lays the groundwork for a proposed (paradoxical) complementarity of the two traditional models: politics as a science and politics as a humanity. This uncomfortable, middle ground position, abandoning any global Rationalism, again makes historical and contemporary case studies a relevant—in fact essential—part of political education. This is an effective approach to introducing the nursing student, whose education is dominated by classical, rationalistic, scientific images, to political studies.
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Ortiz García, Carmen. "SEÑORAS DE LA TRADICIÓN. MUJERES FOLKLORISTAS EN CUBA." Revista Andaluza de Antropología, no. 19 (2021): 151–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/raa.2021.19.10.
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In the history of Cuban anthropology, little attention has been paid to several women who have, nevertheless, obtained professional recognition from the international academic community. Calixta Guiteras Holmes is one such case, with her unique characters. Another less known but equally relevant woman was Carolina Poncet de Cárdenas, who formed a generation of highly active female pedagogues and folklorists. A different place is required to situate the life and work of a person who could be considered the modern founder of studies on Afro-Cuban religions, the writer and anthropologist Lydia Cabrera, who has only recently begun to be acknowledged by intellectual circles in official Cuban culture. An examination of these three figures is undertaken, and their contributions to anthropology are analyzed, opposing the hegemonic account of the history of science where the role of founders has generally been attributed to men. Likewise, the issues of institutional visibility and continuity and the lines of research in the Cuban academic world dedicated to anthropology and folklore are discussed, with the ultimate goal of bringing the contributions of these women researchers to the fore.
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Ortiz García, Carmen. "SEÑORAS DE LA TRADICIÓN. MUJERES FOLKLORISTAS EN CUBA." Revista Andaluza de Antropología, no. 19 (2020): 151–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/raa.2020.19.10.
Full textAbstract:
In the history of Cuban anthropology, little attention has been paid to several women who have, nevertheless, obtained professional recognition from the international academic community. Calixta Guiteras Holmes is one such case, with her unique characters. Another less known but equally relevant woman was Carolina Poncet de Cárdenas, who formed a generation of highly active female pedagogues and folklorists. A different place is required to situate the life and work of a person who could be considered the modern founder of studies on Afro-Cuban religions, the writer and anthropologist Lydia Cabrera, who has only recently begun to be acknowledged by intellectual circles in official Cuban culture. An examination of these three figures is undertaken, and their contributions to anthropology are analyzed, opposing the hegemonic account of the history of science where the role of founders has generally been attributed to men. Likewise, the issues of institutional visibility and continuity and the lines of research in the Cuban academic world dedicated to anthropology and folklore are discussed, with the ultimate goal of bringing the contributions of these women researchers to the fore.
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Perrotta, Katherine. "Pedagogical conditions that promote historical empathy with “The Elizabeth Jennings Project”." Social Studies Research and Practice 13, no. 2 (September 10, 2018): 129–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssrp-11-2017-0064.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether or not the implementation of an instructional unit about an underrepresented historical figure, specifically Elizabeth Jennings, titled “The Elizabeth Jennings Project” (EJP) creates conditions conducive for middle and secondary social studies students to demonstrate historical empathy. Design/methodology/approach A case study methodology was selected for this study because the researcher implemented the EJP at one school with a small sample size of participants to assess which pedagogical factors, if any, fostered historical empathy through analysis of an underrepresented historical figure among middle and secondary social studies students. Findings Major findings highlight that active learning pedagogies, such as in-class debate, were effective strategies that promote historical empathy when middle and secondary students examined documents about an underrepresented historical figure. Analysis of the implementation of “The EJP” provides insights about how historical empathy pedagogies can connect to national standards and initiatives such as the Common Core Standards for History/Social Studies and the National Council for the Social Studies College, Career, and Civic Life Framework for middle and secondary social studies. Originality/value Historical empathy refers to deep inquiry in which intellectual and affective responses to content are shaped through source analysis of the actions, motives, perspectives and beliefs of people in the past. Although there are several studies that address pedagogies that promote historical empathy through examinations of famous historical figures, there is limited research concerning whether students display historical empathy by investigating underrepresented historical figures such as Elizabeth Jennings.
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Beilharz, Peter. "Last Bauman/lost Bauman: Fifty years on - Sketches in the Theory of Culture (1968) – The suppressed and now final book of Zygmunt Bauman (2018)." Thesis Eleven 159, no. 1 (August 2020): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0725513620946955.
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Zygmunt Bauman said of 1968 that he could not empathize with the enthusiasm of the Western Left, that this was some kind of party. In Eastern Europe 1968 stood for an end, not a hope. Soon Bauman would be forced into exile, opening a new and brilliant phase of his intellectual trajectory. Sketches in the Theory of Culture was his last Polish book. It was suppressed in 1968, the contract cancelled in retaliation against his support for reforming politics. Now it has been rediscovered, originally in galley proofs, and translated by Dariusz Brzezinski for Polity Press. Like much of Bauman’s work, it is sprawling and inclusive, taking in anthropology, sociology of culture, ethnology and semiotics. It anticipates his life-long enthusiasm for Lévi-Strauss; and it also foreshadows some of the themes much later to be identified as liquid modern, though it may be the case that the theme of continuity is rather social turbulence from postwar reconstruction to the travails of socialist Poland. In this paper I review some of its themes and its status in the body of his work, and offer some introductory remarks on its importance to the study of culture.
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Fisiak, Tomasz. "Feminist Auto/biography as a Means of Empowering Women: A Case Study of Sylvia Plath’s Bell Jar and Janet Frame’s Faces in the Water." Text Matters, no. 1 (November 23, 2011): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10231-011-0014-7.
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Feminism, as a political, social and cultural movement, pays much attention to the importance of text. Text is the carrier of important thoughts, truths, ideas. It becomes a means of empowering women, a support in their fight for free expression, equality, intellectual emancipation. By "text" one should understand not only official documents, manifestos or articles. The term also refers to a wide range of literary products—poetry, novels, diaries. The language of literature enables female authors to omit obstacles and constraints imposed by the phallogocentric world, a world dominated by masculine propaganda. Through writing, female authors have an opportunity to liberate their creative potential and regain the territory for unlimited expression. In order to produce a truly powerful text, they resort to a variety of writing styles and techniques. Here the notions of a situated knowledge and context sensitivity prove useful. There are three methodologies working within situated knowledge, namely, the politics of location, self-reflexivity and feminist auto/biography. All of them regard text as a fundamental tool to signify one's authority, yet feminist auto/biography, a concept widely discussed by the British theorist Liz Stanley, appears to be the most empowering mode of writing. It challenges the overused genre of auto/biography and reconstructs its role within feminist epistemologies, thus creating a favourable environment for text production. The works by Sylvia Plath and Janet Frame can be analyzed from the point of view of auto/biographical empowerment, even though their auto/biographical potential is mainly instinctive. Nevertheless, they help to comprehend the strength of the auto/biographical.
The aim of this article is to "investigate" two novels by these authors, The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath and Faces in the Water by Janet Frame, and their compatibility with Stanley's concept. The paper attempts to answer several questions. Are these novels actual feminist auto/biographies or rather fictional auto/biographies with feminist undertones? What kind of narrative strategy is used to achieve the effect of authority over the text? Last but not least, what is the function of auto/biographical narration in the case of these two novels? The article also explores the idea of writing as a means of regaining control over one's life (with references to the authors' biographies and parallels between their lives and lives of their fictive alter egos).
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Paoloni, Mauro, Daniela Coluccia, Stefano Fontana, and Silvia Solimene. "Knowledge management, intellectual capital and entrepreneurship: a structured literature review." Journal of Knowledge Management 24, no. 8 (July 20, 2020): 1797–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-01-2020-0052.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze within the knowledge management (KM) stream the relationship between KM and intellectual capital (IC) and entrepreneurship (E). IC is a pivotal intangible resource to firms to generate knowledge. Knowledge and information are strategic for today’s company life. IC is generated and dynamically recombined by knowledge, produces knowledge and is feed by knowledge itself, both codified and tacit. For those reasons, the paper is motivated to understand how IC can represent valuable knowledge and how it can turn into innovation, through KM and practices. It is also voted to stimulate literature on understanding how innovation can serve E capabilities for firms’ business models, as innovation is not necessarily linked to a technological breakthrough. IC is functional to KM practices, as entrepreneurs can use IC and knowledge as a strategic management toolbox to innovate. Design/methodology/approach The main aim of the paper is to understand the state of the art on these central issues in KM literature. The paper uses a structure literature review (SLR) methodology, gathering papers by Scopus database for the period 2000–2019, on the relationship between KM and IC and E. The second aim is to understand for future research how do managers use IC as an opportunity to innovate and as a vehicle to transfer knowledge. The authors wondered about the qualification/quantification of “knowledge” as a crucial component of IC, which is in turn the riskier, but the more representative, a component of intangibles assets in the era of knowledge. Findings As for the first research question, the findings show that, actually, as the research has been started, IC, KM and E are still engaged separately by scholars, even if few efforts to match them together have been performed. The results depict a general fragmented and unsystematic vision of the relationship between the three topics. As for the future of the research about these topics, the authors found that scholars should catch the opportunity to go beyond the traditional theoretical mainstream on these issues. There is an urge to move the focus of KM and IC research toward new models of their interconnection, by including the social capital, namely, knowledge capabilities (explicit or not), etc., which are able to turn knowledge in innovation and competitive advantage, from an accounting perspective (recognizing IC’s components affecting the performance of firms, among which knowledge is the most important) and from a theoretical point of view (reducing the misalignment between the epistemological concept of KM requirements and the effective perception of organizational KM activities to extract value from KM initiatives). Research limitations/implications The results, even if suffering from some limitations due to the performing of the methodology, offers several implications for academic research. The future of KM of the IC resources is clearly likely to lie on the recognition of the component of knowledge, as well as on the recognizing of new forms of social capital such as entrepreneurial capital, which is connected to innovation and creativity and firm value. An integrative framework of IC measurement should be built to link IC with KM and E. This is to guarantee that the measurement of IC does contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of KM. Practical implications Practical contribution to accounting perspective. In fact, the relations between these three topics could be highly beneficial to validate, in the dynamic societies and organizations, how it is important the entrepreneur’s learning process and its content is fundamental in the quest for new business opportunities/innovations, stated that learning is a crucial factor for entrepreneurial activity and has a structural impact on business models of industrial organizations. The difficulty to recognize in the balance sheet human capital relation could be limited by the introduction of the component of KM practices codification and E attitude and influence to operate this transformation of human capital in organized structural capital. The authors would not give the solution to that problem. The authors just want to address the discussion. Social implications The inspiring conclusion from previous studies is to think in a new way at the role of knowledge-based IC in organizational E. Starting from the assertion that knowledge-based process of innovation and E are linked, it can be tested, also from case studies help or empirical application that organizations with a pleasant level of IC are more likely to be more innovative and in conclusion, have a higher market value. Originality/value The main contribution of this paper is to afford for the first time, to the best knowledge, an SLR on the interaction in literature among KM, IC and E, simultaneously, to understand where literature research actually is focusing and to lead future thoughts, at a managerial level, toward the interacting implications of KM and IC on value creation by innovation, which is one stream E literature. Although recently scholars have been concerning more empirically about the relationship between KM, IC and E, they are more focused on theoretical aspects than about new ways to look at IC. The future of KM and IC research is clearly likely to lie on the recognition of the component of knowledge, as well as recognizing new forms of social capital such as entrepreneurial capital, which is connected to innovation and creativity. An integrative framework of IC measurement through KM should be built to link IC measurement with KM. This is to guarantee that measurement of IC does contribute to the efficiency and effectiveness of KM practices.