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Journal articles on the topic 'Lettura lineare'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tanzini, Lorenzo. "L’ombra di Cosimo." Mélanges de l'École française de Rome. Moyen Âge 136/2 (2024): 481–90. https://doi.org/10.4000/13rxh.

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Il saggio intende analizzare la presentazione della figura di Cosimo de’ Medici nelle Vite di Vespasiano esaminando ‘trasversalmente’ le menzioni indirette o implicite del personaggio, dunque al di fuori della Vita espressamente dedicatagli dall’autore. Se infatti nelle pagine della sua Vita Cosimo è rappresentato in termini altamente laudativi, Vespasiano lascia emergere in più occasioni i suoi spunti critici sul regime cosimiano, tornando spesso sui temi dell’ingratitudine, della disonestà o della corruzione di cui restano vittime alcuni personaggi illustri della Firenze di metà secolo propr

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2

Tagliagambe, Silvano. "Strategie per la riqualificazione urbana." TERRITORIO, no. 56 (March 2011): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2011-056001.

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Di fronte alla crisi dell'urbanistica razional-comprensiva, intesa come di passaggio lineare dalla pianificazione all'attuazione, č opportuno riferirsi al pensiero di Musil e Wittegenstein. Entrambi riflettono sulla connessione tra eventi e sulla concatenazione tra ‘cose', non dominate da alcuna legge; la lettura della realtŕ che ne emerge č quella di un patchwork di microcosmi, frutto di risposte parziali e di rappresentazioni alternative degli stati di cose. Lavorare sull'idea di progetto, significa operare sulle categorie a cui essa č principalmente incardinata, quelle di spazio e di tempo,

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3

COSIMO, MAGAZZINO. "Modelli interpretativi della dinamica della spesa pubblica e 'curva di Armey': il caso italiano, 1862-2001." Notizie di Politeia 24, no. 92 (2021): 45–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4696187.

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Scopo di questo saggio è stimare alcuni modelli di lettura della dinamica della spesa pubblica e dei suoi effetti sul tasso di crescita proposti dalla letteratura economica, con riferimento al caso italiano, dall’Unificazione sino all’inizio del XXI secolo. I dati utilizzati sono frutto della ricostruzione delle serie storiche di alcune variabili macroeconomiche operata da MITCHELL (2008). Le stime sono precedute da una sintesi della letteratura su due note teorie della spesa pubblica e sulla “curva di Armey” che ipotizza una relazione non lineare tra la cre

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4

Nagy, Benedek, and Friedrich Otto. "Linear automata with translucent letters and linear context-free trace languages." RAIRO - Theoretical Informatics and Applications 54 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ita/2020002.

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Linear automata with translucent letters are studied. These are finite-state acceptors that have two heads that read the input from opposite sides and for which a set of translucent letters is associated with each state. Thus, head 1, which proceeds from left to right, does not necessarily read the first letter of the current tape content, but it skips a prefix that consists of translucent letters only and reads the first letter after that prefix. Analogously, head 2, which proceeds from right to left, does not necessarily read the last letter, but it skips a suffix that consists of translucen

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Jarjis, Thamir A., and Yahya Q. I. Al-Fadhili. "Linear equation for text cryptography using letters' coordinates." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 24, no. 1 (2021): 548–53. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i1.pp548-553.

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The linear encryption such as Caesar, mono-alphabetic are used to solve the encryption problem in different fields. This module usually encrypts any letter to exact and one corresponding letter. With advanced technologies in computers, these algorithms seem not to be high level secure. This paper proposed a secure encryption algorithm using modified linear encryption by considering the letters’ positions of the plaintext body. Two advantages the proposed algorithm has against traditional ones. First, the cryptography procedures are simple and secure. Secondly, it has higher security beca

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Diez-Jimenez, Efren, Diego Lopez-Pascual, Miguel Fernandez-Munoz, et al. "Automatic Compact High-Speed Industrial Postal Canceling Machine." Machines 13, no. 6 (2025): 455. https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13060455.

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In this work, we describe the mechanical design, analysis, and tests of an innovative automatic high-speed industrial postal canceling machine. The main novelties of this machine are automatic feeding of heterogeneous letters in a very compact design, high speed of letter processing (>22,000 letters per hour), and letter jamming detection. This is the first time that such an industrial and automatic machine is being constructed in a reduced desktop size and is able to handle heterogeneous types of letters at a high-speed rate. The cancel machine includes a linear feeding belt for the letter

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Jarjis, Thamir A., and Yahya Q. I. Al-Fadhili. "Linear equation for text cryptography using letters' coordinates." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 24, no. 1 (2021): 548. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v24.i1.pp548-553.

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The linear encryption such as Caesar, mono-alphabetic are used to solve the encryption problem in different fields. This module usually encrypts any letter to exact and one corresponding letter. With advanced technologies in computers, these algorithms seem not to be high level secure. This paper proposed a secure encryption algorithm using modified linear encryption by considering the letters’ positions of the plaintext body. Two advantages the proposed algorithm has against traditional ones. First, the cryptography procedures are simple and secure. Secondly, it has higher security because of

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8

Rivera, Diego, Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa, Wim Van der Elst, et al. "Regression-Based Normative Data for Children From Latin America: Phonological Verbal Fluency Letters M, R, and P." Assessment 28, no. 1 (2020): 264–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073191119897122.

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This study is part of a larger project to generate norms for letter verbal fluency test (VFT) in 3,284 children from nine Latin American countries. The letter VFT (letters M, R, and P) was administered and multiple linear regressions, including age, age2, MPE (mean parental education), MPE2, sex, and interactions were used as predictors. Results showed significant differences across countries for all scores. Age affected scores linearly except for Ecuador (P-letter), in which a quadratic effect was found. Scores increased linearly as a function of MPE, with the exception of Mexico (R-letter),

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Elistatia, Usi, and Sisca Permatasari. "Development of an Interactive Game Application using Linear Congruent Method (LCM) to Improve Hijaiyah Letter Recognition Skills in Children." Gameology and Multimedia Expert 2, no. 3 (2025): 103–6. https://doi.org/10.29103/game.v2i3.22557.

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Introducing Hijaiyah letters is an essential first step in early childhood education. To make learning these letters enjoyable, we developed an interactive game application using the Scratch platform. This application aims to help children recognize and memorize Hijaiyah letters in an engaging way. The development methodology employed is the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC). We built the application by utilizing various features of Scratch, including animations, sounds, and user interactions. Users are invited to play while learning the Hijaiyah letters. After understanding the letters, they

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Najwa, Haritsatun, Iwan Sidharta, Dhea Bunga Annisa, and Riska Yuni Astuti. "Effect of Tax Collection by Force Letter on Corporate Income Tax Revenue." Acman: Accounting and Management Journal 4, no. 2 (2025): 200–211. https://doi.org/10.55208/aj.v4i2.183.

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Tax collection by forced letter is essential in optimizing corporate income tax revenues. The issuance of the forced letter serves as an official and firm reminder for business entities to comply with tax obligations, which suggests a significant increase in tax awareness among business entities. This research aims to determine and analyze tax collection by forced letter at one of the tax services offices in Bandung, corporate income tax revenue at one of the tax services offices in Bandung, and the magnitude of the influence of tax collection by forced letter. This research uses a quantitativ

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Fiset, Daniel, Frédéric Gosselin, Caroline Blais, and Martin Arguin. "Inducing Letter-by-letter Dyslexia in Normal Readers." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, no. 9 (2006): 1466–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2006.18.9.1466.

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Letter-by-letter (LBL) dyslexia is an acquired reading disorder characterized by very slow reading and a large linear word length effect. This suggests the use of a sequential LBL strategy, in sharp contrast with the parallel letter processing used by normal subjects. Recently, we have proposed that the reading difficulty of LBL dyslexics is due to a deficit in discriminating visually similar letters based on parallel letter processing [Arguin, M., Fiset, S., & Bub, D. Sequential and parallel letter processing in letter-by-letter dyslexia. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 19, 535–555, 2002]. The

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Rybakov, Mikhail, and Dmitry Shkatov. "Algorithmic properties of first-order modal logics of linear Kripke frames in restricted languages." Journal of Logic and Computation 31, no. 5 (2021): 1266–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/logcom/exab030.

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Abstract We study the algorithmic properties of first-order monomodal logics of frames $\langle {\textrm{I}\!\textrm{N}}, \leqslant \rangle $, $\langle {\textrm{I}\!\textrm{N}}, &lt; \rangle $, $\langle \mathbb {Q}, \leqslant \rangle $, $\langle \mathbb {Q}, &lt; \rangle $, $\langle {\textrm{I}\!\textrm{R}}, \leqslant \rangle $, $\langle {\textrm{I}\!\textrm{R}}, &lt; \rangle $, as well as some related logics, in languages with restrictions on the number of individual variables as well as the number and arity of predicate letters. We show that the logics of frames based on $ {\text

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Mahmudah, Sintia, Lisda Widiastuti, and Siti Ernawati. "Sistem Informasi Manajemen Pengarsipan Surat Masuk Dan Surat Keluar (Studi Kasus : Ma Darul Ihya Bogor)." JURNAL MEDIA INFORMATIKA BUDIDARMA 3, no. 3 (2019): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/mib.v3i3.1215.

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At MA Darul Ihya Bogor correspondence is an important means of communication. One of the problems in managing letters at the MA Darul Ihya Bogor is the inefficient filing of mail data that still uses a manual system. With the number of incoming letters and outgoing letters each meeting makes a letter that is in the archive so that the search becomes inefficient because not all files are arranged properly. One effort to overcome this problem is to create an in and outgoing mail management information system. The research method used in this study is the method of Lifecycle Development (SDLC) wi

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SABER, Kifah Jumaah Hafth. "THE CONTROVERSY OF ROOTING AND CONTRASTING ONE-‎LETTER FORMATIONS." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 04, no. 01 (2022): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.15.15.

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The concept of rooting and renewal in Arabic calligraphy is linked to the ‎calligrapher’s need to show new aesthetic methods, through formations and calligraphic ‎structures based on a single letter. The perceptual vision of the calligrapher, so this ‎research was concerned with studying the rooting and renewal of the rule of the single ‎letter in the formations of Arabic calligraphy in particular, which included four chapters, ‎the first chapter included the research problem, its importance, objectives, limits and ‎definition of its terms. ‎ As for the second chapter, it deals with tracing th

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Novianty, Caesarini, and Iwan Sidharta. "Pengaruh Penagihan Pajak dengan Surat Teguran terhadap Pencairan Tunggakan Pajak." JURNAL COMPUTECH & BISNIS 16, no. 1 (2022): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.56447/jcb.v16i1.43.

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This study aims to find out and test how the relationship and the extent influence of the variable letter of reprimand on the disbursement of tax arrears. The data analysis model used in this study is a descriptive analysis to test and provide an overview of how the effect of a letter of reprimand on the disbursement of tax arrears in 2018-2020 at one of the Primary Tax Service Offices in the City of Administration in West Java. Based on the study results, the results of simple linear regression obtained the equation Y = 17.815 + 0.729; this shows that tax collection with a letter of reprimand

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Cahyani, Septa, Rita Wiryasaputra, and Rendra Gustriansyah. "Identifikasi Huruf Kapital Tulisan Tangan Menggunakan Linear Discriminant Analysis dan Euclidean Distance." JURNAL SISTEM INFORMASI BISNIS 8, no. 1 (2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21456/vol8iss1pp57-67.

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The human ability to recognize a variety of objects, however complex the object, is the special ability that humans possess. Any normal human will have no difficulty in recognizing handwriting objects between an author and another author. With the rapid development of digital technology, the human ability to recognize handwriting objects has been applied in a program known as Computer Vision. This study aims to create identification system different types of handwriting capital letters that have different sizes, thickness, shape, and tilt (distinctive features in handwriting) using Linear Disc

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Simmonds, Jess, Karina L. Allen, Caitlin B. O’Hara, et al. "Therapist written goodbye letters: evidence for therapeutic benefits in the treatment of anorexia nervosa." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 48, no. 4 (2020): 419–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465820000089.

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AbstractBackground:Despite their use in clinical practice, there is little evidence to support the use of therapist written goodbye letters as therapeutic tools. However, preliminary evidence suggests that goodbye letters may have benefits in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN).Aims:This study aimed to examine whether therapist written goodbye letters were associated with improvements in body mass index (BMI) and eating disorder symptomology in patients with AN after treatment.Method:Participants were adults with AN (n = 41) who received The Maudsley Model of Anorexia Treatment for Adults (

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Nuramal. "Pengaruh Sanksi Administrasi Dan Surat Paksa Terhadap Optimalisasi Pencairan Tunggakan Pajak Pada KPP Pratama Makassar Utara." Tangible Journal 4, no. 2 (2019): 260–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.47221/tangible.v4i2.84.

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This study aims to determine the effect of Administrative Sanctions and Forced Letters on Optimizing Disbursement of Tax Arrears at the Pratama Tax Office North Makassar. Data collection uses secondary data obtained from the Pratama Makassar North Tax Service Office. The population is 36 tax payers and the sample is 36. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression techniques. The results of this study indicate that administrative sanctions show a positive and significant. This means that administrative sanctions have a positive effect on optimizing the disbursement of tax arrears.

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-, Nuramal. "Pengaruh Sanksi Administrasi Dan Surat Paksa Terhadap Optimalisasi Pencairan Tunggakan Pajak Pada KPP Pratama Makassar Utara." Tangible Journal 4, no. 2 (2019): 260–77. https://doi.org/10.53654/tangible.v4i2.84.

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This study aims to determine the effect of Administrative Sanctions and Forced Letters on Optimizing Disbursement of Tax Arrears at the Pratama Tax Office North Makassar. Data collection uses secondary data obtained from the Pratama Makassar North Tax Service Office. The population is 36 tax payers and the sample is 36. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression techniques. The results of this study indicate that administrative sanctions show a positive and significant. This means that administrative sanctions have a positive effect on optimizing the disbursement of tax arrears.

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Ap, Pliakos. "Alphabet: From Linear B to the Greek 27-Letter Alphanumeric System and the Phoenician Abjad." History Research 13, no. 1 (2025): 35–48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.history.20251301.16.

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The origin of the Greek alphabet has been a longstanding topic of academic inquiry and debate. Advocates of the Phoenician hypothesis posit that, due to the absence of Greek inscriptions between the 12th and 8th centuries BCE, the Greeks likely adopted the Phoenician abjad—a writing system comprising only 22 consonantal characters—and later modified it to suit their linguistic needs. However, the scarcity of surviving Greek inscriptions from this era does not definitively prove the absence of a pre-existing Greek writing system. In contrast, Linear B, a script used by the Greeks between 1500 a

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Lescht, Erica, Michael Walsh Dickey, Melissa D. Stockbridge, and Nan Bernstein Ratner. "Adults Who Stutter Show Diminished Word Fluency, Regardless of Mode." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 65, no. 3 (2022): 906–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2021_jslhr-21-00344.

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Purpose: Language abilities have long been thought to be weaker in adults who stutter (AWS) compared to adults who do not stutter (AWNS). However, it is unknown whether modality affects language performance by AWS in time pressure situations. This study aimed to examine lexical access and retrieval abilities of AWS in oral and typed modes. Method: Fifteen AWS and 15 well-matched AWNS completed computer-administered letter fluency tasks. Adults were asked to orally produce words that began with one of two letter targets and type words that began with one of two alternate letters. Conditions wer

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Brown, Junius F. "Development and Citizenship in the Chinese “Mayor’s Mailbox” System." Asian Survey 61, no. 3 (2021): 443–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2021.61.3.443.

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This article applies Distelhorst and Fu’s (2019) typology of citizenship performances to an original sample of 200 online Mayor’s Mailbox letters to examine how scripts of citizenship differ between richer and poorer areas of China. Using a mixed-methods approach, I find that letters in more developed areas are significantly less likely to present the writer as a submissive subject, but no more likely to frame complaints in terms of rights and legality. I also find that many letter writers behave as “constructive citizens” by stressing their interest in helping the authorities improve local go

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Erwin, Hadisantoso, Dalli Nasrullah, Akib Mulyati, and Harlianti. "The Effect of Warning Letter, Forced Letter and Order for Implementing Confiscation on the Settlement of Tax Arrears at the Kendari Pratama Tax Service Office." Journal of Economics, Finance and Management Studies 5, no. 04 (2022): 984–96. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6426777.

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This study aims to determine the effect of warning letters, forced letters and warrants to carry out confiscation on payment of tax arrears at the Kendari Pratama Tax Service Office. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire. Data analysis used descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of data analysis with the help of SPSS 24, it shows that the results of the partial hypothesis test (t-test) prove that the warning letter has a positive and significant effect on the settlement of tax arrears. The value of t-count > t-table is 3.157 > 1.661

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Milburn, Trelani F., Kathleen Hipfner-Boucher, Elaine Weitzman, Janice Greenberg, Janette Pelletier, and Luigi Girolametto. "Cognitive, linguistic and print-related predictors of preschool children’s word spelling and name writing." Journal of Early Childhood Literacy 17, no. 1 (2016): 111–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468798415624482.

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Preschool children begin to represent spoken language in print long before receiving formal instruction in spelling and writing. The current study sought to identify the component skills that contribute to preschool children’s ability to begin to spell words and write their name. Ninety-five preschool children (mean age = 57 months) completed a battery of cognitive, linguistic, as well as print-related measures, including spelling/writing tasks (i.e. letters, words and name). All writing samples were scored using scoring matrices and inter-rater reliability was 90% and above. Hierarchical line

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Pratiwi, Saesar Ayu, Elly Suryani, and Kurnia Kurnia. "PENGARUH SELF ASSESMENT SYSTEM, SURAT TAGIHAN PAJAK DAN RESTITUSI PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI TERHADAP PENERIMAAN PAJAK PERTAMBAHAN NILAI (PPN) (Studi Kasus Pada Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Pratama Cibinong Tahun 2014-2016)." Jurnal Akuntansi, Bisnis dan Ekonomi 4, no. 2 (2018): 1201–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33197/jabe.vol4.iss2.2018.181.

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This study aims to examine the influence of Self Assessment System, Tax Refining Letter, and VAT Refund of Value Added Tax at Primary Tax Office Cibinong during 2014-2016. The data used in this research is the type of secondary data year 2014-2016. The population in this study is the data of all types of taxes at the Tax Office Pratama Cibinong. The sample selection technique used is purposive sampling. Data analysis method in this research is multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS version 23. Based on the results of the study, simultaneously Self Assessment System, Tax Refining Letter

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Ahmadi, Mohammad, Samantha W. Michalka, Marzieh Ahmadi Najafabadi, Burkhard C. Wünsche, and Mark Billinghurst. "EEG, Pupil Dilations, and Other Physiological Measures of Working Memory Load in the Sternberg Task." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 8, no. 4 (2024): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti8040034.

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Recent evidence shows that physiological cues, such as pupil dilation (PD), heart rate (HR), skin conductivity (SC), and electroencephalography (EEG), can indicate cognitive load (CL) in users while performing tasks. This paper aims to investigate physiological (multimodal) measurement of CL in a Sternberg memory task as the difficulty level increases in both maintenance and probe phases. For this purpose, we designed a Sternberg memory test with four levels of difficulty determined by the number of letters in the words that need to be remembered. Our behavioral performance results show that t

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FROUGNY, CHRISTIANE, та JACQUES SAKAROVITCH. "AUTOMATIC CONVERSION FROM FIBONACCI REPRESENTATION TO REPRESENTATION IN BASE φ, AND A GENERALIZATION". International Journal of Algebra and Computation 09, № 03n04 (1999): 351–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218196799000230.

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Every positive integer can be written as a sum of Fibonacci numbers; it can also be written as a (finite) sum of (positive and negative) powers of the golden mean φ. We show that there exists a letter-to-letter finite two-tape automaton that maps the Fibonacci representation of any positive integer onto its φ-expansion, provided the latter is folded around the radix point. As a corollary, the set of φ-expansions of the positive integers is a linear context-free language. These results are actually proved in the more general case of quadratic Pisot units. Résumé: Tout nombre entier positif peut

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Papa, Marco, Paola Rossi, Paolo Candio, and Anna Lucia Muserra. "The effect of a risk Securities Exchange Commission comment letter on corporate disclosure and forecast accuracy: An exploratory analysis." Corporate Ownership and Control 21, no. 3, special issue (2024): 93–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv21i3siart8.

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Risk disclosure is an important issue discussed by the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) in its review process. We evaluate the effect that a risk SEC comment letter can have on US registrants’ disclosure and the consequent information value generated. We examine whether disclosure changes in Item 1A and Form 10-K occur due to the SEC review and affect forecast accuracy. We manually examine risk SEC comment letters and Forms 10-K from 405 US listed companies. We employ a difference-in-difference (DID) design and a multi-level, mixed-effect generalised linear model to quantify the SEC’s effe

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Biringer, Eva, J. Helgeland, H. B. Hellesen, Jörg Aβmus, and M. Hartveit. "Development and testing of the QDis-MH checklist for discharge letters from specialised mental healthcare: a stakeholder-centred study." BMJ Open Quality 12, no. 2 (2023): e002036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2022-002036.

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BackgroundThe ‘discharge letter’ is the mandatory written report sent from specialists in the specialist services to general practitioners (GPs) on patient discharge. Clear recommendations from relevant stakeholders for contents of discharge letters and instruments to measure the quality of discharge letters in mental healthcare are needed. The objectives were to (1) detect which information relevant stakeholders defined as important to include in discharge letters from mental health specialist services, (2) develop a checklist to measure the quality of discharge letters and (3) test the psych

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Rybakov, Mikhail, and Dmitry Shkatov. "Undecidability of QLTL and QCTL with two variables and one monadic predicate letter." Logical Investigations 27, no. 2 (2021): 93–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2074-1472-2021-27-2-93-120.

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We study the algorithmic properties of the quantified linear-time temporal logic QLTL in languages with restrictions on the number of individual variables as well as the number and arity of predicate letters. We prove that the satisfiability problem for QLTL in languages with two individual variables and one monadic predicate letter in Σ 11 -hard. Thus, QLTL is Π 11 -hard, and so not recursively enumerable, in such languages. The resultholds both for the increasing domain and the constant domain semantics and is obtained by reduction from a Σ 11 -hard N×N recurrent tiling problem. It follows f

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Nam, Kyung Min. "How young children make sense of two different writing systems: Korean written in the Hangul alphabet, and English written in the Roman alphabet." Journal of Early Childhood Literacy 18, no. 4 (2017): 490–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468798416685384.

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Although many young children become literate within an environment in which different writing systems exist, there is little research on what children know about different writing systems and how they understand and develop them when they are learning more than one simultaneously. This qualitative study discusses how Korean EFL (English as a Foreign Language) children understand two different writing systems, the Korean alphabet, Hangul, and the Roman alphabet, used for English, within a peer teaching setting. The findings show that they were able not only to discover key orthographic principl

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Zhang, Ziyue. "Research on the Development of Wordle Based on Multi-Model Analysis." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 70 (November 15, 2023): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v70i.12145.

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Wordle is becoming more and more popular around the world, so it is of great significance to study its healthy development. This paper predicts the number of Wordle 's report results and predicts the percentage of attempts for different words. Firstly, this paper establishes a prediction model of the number of ARIMA report results, and analyzes the relationship between word attributes and the percentage of players in difficult mode. This article collects data on the number of Wordle 's daily reporting results from January 7 to December 31, 2022, and predicts that the number of reporting result

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Langaas, Trine. "Visual acuity in children: The development of crowded and single letter acuities." Scandinavian Journal of Optometry and Visual Science 4, no. 2 (2011): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5384/sjovs.vol4i2p21.

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Previous research has explored the development of visual acuity in babies and children, and it has been established that the measured acuities are dependent on the methods used to test visual function. In the present study the developmental trends in crowded versus single letter visual acuities were explored. 343 children 5 to 11 years of age, was tested using Glasgow Acuity Cards (GAC), and a significant correlation between binocular visual acuity and age was found using simple regression analysis (y=0.023x + 0.81, r2 = 0.32). Mean values on crowded visual acuity varied between 0.95 ± 0.6 in

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Zhou, Xuan, Xiaohong Wu, Zhihang Cao, and Bin Wu. "Combining Feature Extraction Methods and Categorical Boosting to Discriminate the Lettuce Storage Time Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." Foods 14, no. 9 (2025): 1601. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods14091601.

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Lettuce is a kind of nutritious leafy vegetable. The lettuce storage time has a significant impact on its nutrition and taste. Therefore, to classify lettuce samples with different storage times accurately and non-destructively, this study built classification models by combining several feature extraction methods and categorical boosting (CatBoost). Firstly, the near-infrared (NIR) spectral data of lettuce samples were collected using a NIR spectrometer, and then they were preprocessed using six preprocessing methods. Next, feature extraction was carried out on the spectral data using approxi

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Krawatzek, Félix, and Gwendolyn Sasse. "Integration and Identities: The Effects of Time, Migrant Networks, and Political Crises on Germans in the United States." Comparative Studies in Society and History 60, no. 4 (2018): 1029–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417518000373.

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AbstractThis article offers the first large-scale analysis of the interlinked dynamics of integration and belonging based on perceptions of “ordinary” German-speaking migrants in the United States in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Our analysis draws on a corpus of over a thousand letters from the North American Letter Collection held at the Forschungsbibliothek Gotha in Germany. Through computer-assisted text analysis, framed by research on transnationalism and immigrant integration, we explore patterns in integration and identities over time. We show how the migrants continuously red

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Mukha, V. S. "Linear procrustes transformation for letter recognition." Automatic Control and Computer Sciences 46, no. 3 (2012): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0146411612030066.

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Agus Maringan Siahaan and Jackri Hendrik. "Perancangan Aplikasi Edukasi Pembelajaran Alfabet dan Angka Berbasis Android dengan Metode Linear Congruential Generator (LCG)." Bulletin of Computer Science Research 3, no. 1 (2022): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/bulletincsr.v3i1.223.

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Smartphones quickly provide changes and have a major impact on the current human lifestyle, one of which is the use of Android smartphones. This development is also accompanied by the increasing need for people during this pandemic for technology and information due to limiting mobility outside the home. Early childhood between the ages of 3-6 years is in the Golden Period of their brain development. At this age, they are at a time of the most rapid growth and development both physically and mentally. That's why it really needs lessons on how to spell the alphabet and also numbers because thes

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Brito, Anna Luiza Bizerra, Dimitri Albuquerque Araújo, Márcio José Coelho Pontes, and Liliana Fátima Bezerra Lira Pontes. "Near infrared reflectance spectrometry classification of lettuce using linear discriminant analysis." Analytical Methods 7, no. 5 (2015): 1890–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay02407a.

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Kothalawala, Chamila, Thamara Kothalawala, and Sujeeva Sebastian Pereira. "Incorporating Lawyers’ Perspectives on Genre Organization of Legal Letters of Demand into the Pedagogy of Teaching English for Legal Purposes." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VIII, no. VI (2024): 2878–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2024.806220.

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In the tradition of ESP genre analysis, there is a paucity of legal genre analyses that focused on exploring the expert perspectives on genre organization to raise learners’ rhetorical consciousness of the necessary discursive practices. Therefore, this study analyzed interview data on the genre organization of a legal letters of demand collected from 10 lawyers. The Grounded Theory methods were employed to collect data and the analysis resulted in the writers’ rationales for the choice of the elements in genre organization. The lawyers organize facts provided by a client in a predictable and

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Natis, Lilian. "Modelos hierárquicos lineares." Estudos em Avaliação Educacional, no. 23 (June 30, 2001): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.18222/eae02320012206.

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<span style="font: 13px/normal verdana, arial; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; background-color: #ffffff;">O artigo mostra que estruturas hierárquicas de dados são encontradas freqüentemente em diversos estudos e que elas são caracterizadas pela presença de unidades experimentais agrupadas em outras unidades maiores. Para avaliar dados desta natureza podem ser utilizados os modelos lineares hierárquicos (MLH), que constituem uma nova formulação para os modelos

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Rosanensi, Melati, Lanang Sakti, Miftahul Madani, Heroe Santoso, and Lela Rahmawati. "Pelatihan Pembuatan Sistem Pengajuan Surat Desa Dengan Sinkronisasi Data Kependudukan Desa di Website Desa." Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian dan Inovasi 3, no. 4 (2025): 405–22. https://doi.org/10.57248/jilpi.v3i4.584.

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The Village Letter Submission System is a system, either manual or digital, used by the community to submit applications for the creation of various types of letters or official documents from the village government. This service aims to simplify the administrative process and accelerate public services at the village level, in this case the village of Akar-Akar. The village letter submission system that will be created is synchronized with the population data of the community in the village of Akar-Akar, which will later be able to access this system only the people of the village of Akar-Aka

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Kolašinac, Stefan M., Marko Mladenović, Ilinka Pećinar, et al. "Raman and FT-IR Spectroscopy Coupled with Machine Learning for the Discrimination of Different Vegetable Crop Seed Varieties." Plants 14, no. 9 (2025): 1304. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14091304.

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The aim of this research is to investigate the potential of Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy as well as mathematical linear and non-linear models as a tool for the discrimination of different seed varieties of paprika, tomato, and lettuce species. After visual inspection of spectra, pre-processing was applied in the following combinations: (1) smoothing + linear baseline correction + unit vector normalization; (2) smoothing + linear baseline correction + unit vector normalization + full multiplicative scatter correction; (3) smoothing + baseline correction + unit vector normalization + second-orde

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Lee, Ching-Pei, and Chih-Jen Lin. "Large-Scale Linear RankSVM." Neural Computation 26, no. 4 (2014): 781–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00571.

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Linear rankSVM is one of the widely used methods for learning to rank. Although its performance may be inferior to nonlinear methods such as kernel rankSVM and gradient boosting decision trees, linear rankSVM is useful to quickly produce a baseline model. Furthermore, following its recent development for classification, linear rankSVM may give competitive performance for large and sparse data. A great deal of works have studied linear rankSVM. The focus is on the computational efficiency when the number of preference pairs is large. In this letter, we systematically study existing works, discu

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Gonçalves, Gabriella Rodrigues, Cláudia Lopes Prins, Maria Inês Diel, and Alessandro Dal’Col Lúcio. "Linear relationships between biometric variables in lettuce seedlings." Revista Ceres 69, no. 6 (2022): 659–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202269060004.

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Rizali, Muhammad, Zainal Warhat, and Edwar Zebua. "PENGARUH ELEMEN-ELEMEN DESAIN KOMUNIKASI VISUAL (DKV) BOX ART GAME TERHADAP STORY LINE BERDASARKAN PERSEPSI GAMERS PADA VIDEO GAME POPULER DI INDONESIA." Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa 8, no. 2 (2019): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/gr.v8i2.14700.

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AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh parsial dan simultan elemen gambar, elemen huruf, dan elemen warna DKV desain Box Art Game pada story line video game. Jenis penelitian ini adalah survey eksplanasi. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 151 responden gamer yang diperoleh secara on line melalui media sosial face book. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan acak sederhana dengan cara mengupload kuesioner ke jaringan grup media sosial gamer face book. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis r

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Nes, Jermo van. "Hapax Legomena in Disputed Pauline Letters: A Reassessment." Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft 109, no. 1 (2018): 118–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znw-2018-0006.

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Abstract: To argue for the pseudonymity of disputed Pauline letters on the (partial) basis of their disproportional high number of hapax legomena continues to be common practice among New Testament scholars. By means of linear regression analysis, it is shown that only 1 and 2 Timothy use significantly more hapaxes than the undisputed Pauline letters. If, however, proper noun hapaxes, hapaxes taken from citations, and hapaxes which – upon removal of its preposition – have a common lexeme are not taken into consideration, it appears that none of the disputed Pauline letters use significantly mo

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Gent, Martin P. N. "Factors Affecting Relative Growth Rate of Lettuce and Spinach in Hydroponics in a Greenhouse." HortScience 52, no. 12 (2017): 1742–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12477-17.

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Relative growth rate (RGR), the relative increase in weight per day, can analyze the effect of environment and nutrition on growth. I examined which of the parameters responding to plant growth scaled according to RGR for lettuce and spinach grown in heated greenhouses in hydroponics with control of the nutrient solution. The experiments for lettuce in 2006–08 included all times of year, high vs. low temperature, and effect of withdrawal of nitrogen. There were four parameters that were significant in multiple linear regression vs. RGR; irradiance divided by leaf area index if it was greater t

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Maas, Harro. "True Grid: Three Case Studies of Moral Accounting." East Asian Science, Technology and Society 14, no. 2 (2020): 309–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/18752160-8538670.

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Abstract This article examines and compares three grids that were designed to serve explicit moral accounting goals: the calculation and improvement of character. The examples are tables which fall under a broad definition of diagrams. The examples follow another in time, but it is not the article’s intention to suggest a historical lineage between them. Rather, it is the intention to clarify the interplay between grids and the precepts or keys to their use. The first case is the so-called ledger of merit and demerit that was propagated by Yuan Huang, a scholar and bureaucrat of the late Ming-

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Breure, T. S., A. E. Milne, R. Webster, et al. "Predicting the growth of lettuce from soil infrared reflectance spectra: the potential for crop management." Precision Agriculture 22, no. 1 (2020): 226–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11119-020-09739-x.

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AbstractHow well could one predict the growth of a leafy crop from reflectance spectra from the soil and how might a grower manage the crop in the light of those predictions? Topsoil from two fields was sampled and analysed for various nutrients, particle-size distribution and organic carbon concentration. Crop measurements (lettuce diameter) were derived from aerial-imagery. Reflectance spectra were obtained in the laboratory from the soil in the near- and mid-infrared ranges, and these were used to predict crop performance by partial least squares regression (PLSR). Individual soil propertie

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Hannagan, Thomas, Frédéric Dandurand, and Jonathan Grainger. "Broken Symmetries in a Location-Invariant Word Recognition Network." Neural Computation 23, no. 1 (2011): 251–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_00064.

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We studied the feedforward network proposed by Dandurand et al. ( 2010 ), which maps location-specific letter inputs to location-invariant word outputs, probing the hidden layer to determine the nature of the code. Hidden patterns for words were densely distributed, and K-means clustering on single letter patterns produced evidence that the network had formed semi-location-invariant letter representations during training. The possible confound with superseding bigram representations was ruled out, and linear regressions showed that any word pattern was well approximated by a linear combination

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