Academic literature on the topic 'Level crossing gates'
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Journal articles on the topic "Level crossing gates"
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Utami, Adita, and Hera Widyastuti. "STUDY OF SOCIETY BEHAVIOR TO EARLY WARNING IN THE RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSING WITHOUT BARRIER IN GAYUNG KEBONSARI, SURABAYA." Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29122/mipi.v14i1.4040.
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Railway level crossing safety is one of the most critical issues for railways. Collisions between trains and motorized vehicles contribute most to LX accidents. Population growth and the development of economic in Indonesia affect the increase in vehicle volume, especially in the city of Surabaya. Furthermore, the increasing of vehicles volume, causing congestion at some points in Surabaya including Gayung Kebonsari railway level crossing. One of the congestion factors at the railway level crossings is the duration of closing time as the train passes through the crossing. The uncertain duration of gate closing time cause road users to be undisciplined by break through the crossing gates while the train pass through the crossings. Considering of those problems, respondents’ opinion is being evaluated to see the society behavior to early warning on reducing the number of traffic violation. A comprehensive discussion of the existing problems, lessons learned and the possible future implications that can be applied in Indonesia are presented. Key Words: Railway Level Crossing, Accident, Society Behavior, Regression, Binary logit
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Dina, Adeolu O., Cornelius O. Akanni, and Bamidele A. Badejo. "Evaluation of Railway Level Crossing Attributes on Accident Causation in Lagos, Nigeria." Indonesian Journal of Geography 48, no. 2 (January 5, 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijg.17520.
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Abstract The study examines the contribution of Railway Level Crossing (RLC)physical attributes to accident occurrence using the12 major level crossings within the Lagos metropolis. The 48km single track mainline section under consideration which barely make up 1.1% of the entire narrow gauge track network of the country within a 5 year period contributed about 45% of the total National crossing accidents recorded in Nigeria. The method of investigation involved recording the individual attributes of each RLC such asgates, pedestrian traffic, car traffic light, proximity of signage to crossing, vehicular traffic as dummy variables.The regression analysis was used to measure their effect on accidents.The result indicates gates, pedestrians and the location of signage had significant impact on accidents occurrence at level crossings within Lagos metropolis. Based on the findings, enhancement of active warning systems among other recommendations was suggested as potent counter measures for RLC accident reduction.Abstrak Penelitian menguji tingkat kontribusi atribut fisik dari perlintasan jalan kereta api terhadap kejadian kecelakaan menggunakan 12 perlintasan utama dalam kota metropolis Lagos. 48 km jalan utama tunggal menjadi pertimbangan yang hampir meningkat 1.1% dari seluruh trek sempit jaringan negara dalam jangka waktu 5 tahun menyumbang sekitar 45% dari total kecelakaan perlintasan secara Nasional di Nigeria. Metode penelitian melibatkan catatan dari masing-masing atribut RLC seperti pintu gerbang, pejalan kaki, lampu lalu lintas mobil, kedekatan tanda penyebarangan, lalu lintas kendaraan sebagai variabel dumi. Analisis regresi digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh dari atribut terhadap kecelakaan. Hasilnya menunjukkan pintu gerbang, pejalan kaki, dan lokasi tanda perlintasan mempunyai dampak signifikan pada kecelakaan dalam kota metropolis Lagos.Berdasarkan penemuan tersebut, perbaikan dari sistem peringatan aktif disarankan sebagai upaya mengurangi kecelakaan RLC.
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Sasamal, Trailokya Nath, Ashutosh Kumar Singh, and Umesh Ghanekar. "Design and Implementation of QCA D-Flip-Flops and RAM Cell Using Majority Gates." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 28, no. 05 (May 2019): 1950079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126619500798.
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Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is one of the promising technologies that enable nanoscale circuit design with high performance and low-power consumption features. As memory cell and flip-flops are rudimentary for most of the digital circuits, having a high speed, and a less complex memory cell is significantly important. This paper presents novel architecture of D flip-flops and memory cell using a recently proposed five-input majority gate in QCA technology and simulated by QCADesigner tool version 2.0.3. The simulation results show that the proposed D flip-flops and the memory cell are more superior to the existing designs by considering the common design parameters. The proposed RAM cell spreads over an area of 0.12[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m2and delay of 1.5 clock cycles. The proposed level-triggered, positive/negative edge-triggered, and dual edge-triggered D flip-flop uses 14%, 33%, and 21% less area, whereas the latency is 40%, 27%, and 25% less when compared to the previous best design. In addition, all the proposed designs are implemented in a single layer QCA and do not require any single or multilayer wire crossing.
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Wu, Peijie, Xianghai Meng, Li Song, and Wenze Zuo. "Crash Risk Evaluation and Crash Severity Pattern Analysis for Different Types of Urban Junctions: Fault Tree Analysis and Association Rules Approaches." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 1 (January 2019): 403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118822817.
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Urban junctions usually present significant safety concerns, and the majority of all crashes in urban areas occur in or near junctions. Factors contributing to crash severity at junctions have been explored, but crash risk levels and crash severity patterns of different junction types have hardly been investigated. In order to fill this gap, this study analyzed the safety performance of six junction types and the factors contributing to crash severity, in order to assist city transportation authorities to implement effective countermeasures. Fault tree analysis (FTA) was applied for the risk evaluation of urban junctions and association rules (AR) algorithm was employed for the crash severity pattern analysis based on data from the U.K. STATS19 database from 2012 to 2016. Overall, four types of urban junctions with high crash risk level and over 4,000 AR contributing to crash severity are identified in the present paper. The results show that: (a) roundabouts and mini-roundabouts have the lowest fatality and casualty rates while T-junctions or staggered junctions and crossroads have the highest crash risk levels; (b) FTA may produce inaccurate outcomes because of incorrect logic gates, but AR can generate real potential relationships between crash severity and risk factors; (c) crash severity patterns are quite complex and the interdependence between risk factors is different for each junction type; (d) risk factors such as male driver, no physical crossing facilities within 50 meters, and give way or uncontrolled junction are common in high-risk junctions at night.
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Verbych, I. V., and O. V. Medvid. "EFFICIENCY OF THE USE THE CROSSBREEDING OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY AND SWISS CATTLE IN THE STATE STUD FARM "PASICHNA"." Animal Breeding and Genetics 61 (May 27, 2021): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31073/abg.61.05.
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Goal. To study the influence of intermediate crossing on the level of dairy productivity, qualitative milk indicators, exterior features and resistance of the body of pureorgain and local animals. Methods. Selection and genetic analysis, comparative, statistical. The results. Scientific and production studies were conducted on the basis of a tribal factory of the State Enterprise "Pasichnya" IKSGP NAAN "of the StarosinyaVsky district of the Khmelnytsky region in the chains of distinct animals of the Podilsky factory type of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy (UCHRMP) and local animals derived from the crossing of the BPRMP cows with Bojabs of the Shvitsky breed. According to the results of experimental studies, it has been found that local cows-first-bristles are somewhat inferior to the purest animals of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed by the magnitude of the NADA (93.8 kg), but it is compensated by milk quality (fat +0.26%, protein +0.19%), where in the general yield of dairy fat (+9.5 kg) and protein (+6.4 kg), they are favorably different from its purgatory rior. The analysis of the results of the reproductive capacity of cows shows that local animals were first fruitfully inseminated at the age of 545 days and the duration of fertility was 283 days, at that time, purely meters were inserted at the age of 567 days, and the duration of the sharing was 281.5 days. Service-period in the cows-first-born of genotypes, respectively, amounted to 97 and 112 days. The obtained data for the morphological and functional properties of the cow-first-prints show that the assessed number of both groups meets the needs of target standards on technological features and have high indicators of the studied functional properties. Comparative analysis of exterior valuation indicators between the studied groups shows that local cows have higher rates over latitudinal gates, in particular, by breast width and width in the ice, at that time inferior to the children's rior in the rectors of height in the racing, in the area of the torso. and hammer. In the study of natural resistance in the studied cows it has been established that the estimated animal groups are characterized by a sufficiently high level of protective functions of the body and adaptation capacity to technological conditions, which creates good opportunities for further effective selection. The general assessment of the natural resistance of cows-firstbody by morphological and biochemical parameters of blood, phagocytic, bactericidal and lysozymic activity showed that local cows according to Method VE Chumachenko and others. (1990) have a natural resistance to 3 points (61) higher than in their pure-breeding rior (58 points). Conclusions. Results of analysis of dairy performance of local cows-first-birthsters derived from the crossing of Ukrainian Black-and-White breeds with bulls of the Shvitskaya breed showed that the data of the animal though inferior to the christening rior of the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed by the magnitude of the NADA but this difference is compensated by the quality of milk, where The total output of dairy fat and protein, they are favorably different from pureoral analogues. By indicators of reproducible ability, it has been found that local animals were first crazy at the age of 823 days that on 21 days earlier than puredom and 15 days they have a smaller service period. An analysis of the results of the estimation of morphological and physiological properties of the elder showed that there are no significant differences in the investigated groups of primary differences. All animals correspond to technological requirements. The exterior evaluation of the investigated groups of the firstborn showed that purely cows, having higher rates in the elevation in the roll, in the height in the ice and a contrary length of the trunk and the intensity, but inferior to the latitude gauge: the width of the breast, width in the machaches and width in the machaches and width in the machach. Animal estimation according to natural resistance indicators found that animals of both groups have a sufficiently high level of protective functions of the body and adaptation capacity to technological conditions that creates good opportunities for further effective selection.
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JV, Anand. "Automatic Traffic Control Technologies for Remote Monitoring Of Unmanned Railway Gates." March 2020 2, no. 1 (March 20, 2020): 30–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jei.2020.1.004.
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Continuous researches are done to improve technologies for developing effective, economical and productive solutions for preventing fatalities in the railway gates that are unmanned. Several solutions in this research field have been suggested but none of them are sufficiently effective to deploy them at the automated level crossings and fully eradicate human presence. Surveying the current methodologies and the pitfalls in them the paper has developed an efficient and cost effective remote monitoring for unmanned railway gates, enabling automated traffic control technologies and the wireless sensors. The paper scope in developing an automated traffic control in the unmanned railway gates in India.
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Ranjith, A., and S. P. Vijayaragavan. "Internet of Things (IoT) Based Automated Calamity Avoidance System for Railway Sectors." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 12 (December 1, 2020): 5399–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.9433.
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Tanzania is the regional gateway for a number of landlocked neighboring countries. Zambia, Burundi, Malawi, Congo, Rwanda and Uganda all rely to certain extent on the countries transport network, linking them to the global network. Railways are found to be the most effective transport system in Tanzania after-road transport system and it is Critical to long-haul freight along the main transport corridors of Tanzania. Most of the operations at Tanzania Railway Sector are manual system. For instance closing and opening of the gates are not automatic resulting in calamities and delays in the train’s advent. An innovative method to enhance railway safety measures is proposed in this Paper. This research paper proposes mechanisms which operate automatically without any 600073 intervention. Internet of Things (IoT) can be used to increase different features of the rail system. Automation of railways can transform the current legacy approaches and help decrease the railway related accidents considerably. Many challenges are underscored and dealt with in the proposed research. To summate, this paper aims at enhancing rail safety, minimizing accidents at unmanned level crossings, introducing smart railway gates, preventing calamity, and incorporating digital transformation through the use of IoT.
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Kofanova, Olena, and Oleksii Kofanov. "ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF UNDERGROUND AND TERRESTRIAL URBANISTICS." JOURNAL of Donetsk mining institute, no. 1 (2021): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1999-981x-2021-1-119-134.
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Purpose. The aim of the study is to predict the potential risk of urban air pollution by toxic components of exhaust gases of vehicles in terms of the underground and terrestrial urban planning, in particular, street canyons, underground pedestrian crossings, underground parking lots, etc. Methods. The following research methodology was used in the work: on the basis of space-time field observations of the intensity, density and speed of traffic flows, as well as using mathematical modeling methods it was proved that urban air pollution (of the roadside space, adjacent territories of well-type yards, underground infrastructure, etc.) by toxicants, which are components of vehicle engine emissions, remains at a high, often environmentally hazardous level, and therefore requires urgent development and implementation of the appropriate precautionary measures. Results. The analysis of problems of ecological safety of city objects of terrestrial (high-traffic roads, adjacent territories) and underground (underground pedestrian crossings, garages, parking lots) urbanistics allowed to reveal direct and indirect negative influences on air environment from emissions of motor vehicles; using mathematical modeling methods to predict the fields of concentration of major toxicants and identify areas of local emergency pollution in different weather conditions, identify the most unfavorable directions and wind speeds and assess the level of environmental hazards to human health (residents of houses located in the well-type yards, pedestrians, owners of underground garages (parking lots), tenants of parking spaces, etc.). Scientific novelty. The study revealed direct and indirect negative effects of the motor transport complex on the air environment of urban territories (objects of terrestrial and underground urbanistics), in particular, based on the use of mathematical modeling methods. The level of environmental danger to the health of urban residents has been assessed. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the design and construction of urban infrastructure, as well as to reduce the technogenic load on the environment and human health in existing objects of terrestrial and underground urbanistics and other city areas.
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Yang, Alexander, Dimitry Sonin, Larry Jones, William H. Barry, and Bruce T. Liang. "A beneficial role of cardiac P2X4 receptors in heart failure: rescue of the calsequestrin overexpression model of cardiomyopathy." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 287, no. 3 (September 2004): H1096—H1103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00079.2004.
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The P2X4 purinergic receptor (P2X4R) is a ligand-gated ion channel. Its activation by extracellular ATP results in Ca2+ influx. Transgenic cardiac overexpression of the human P2X4 receptor showed an in vitro phenotype of enhanced basal contractility. The objective here was to determine the in vivo cardiac physiological role of this receptor. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that this receptor plays an important role in modulating heart failure progression. Transgenic cardiac overexpression of canine calsequestrin (CSQ) showed hypertrophy, heart failure, and premature death. Crossing the P2X4R mouse with the CSQ mouse more than doubled the lifespan (182 ± 91 days for the binary CSQ/P2X4R mouse, n = 35) of the CSQ mouse (71.3 ± 25.4 days, n = 50, P < 0.0001). The prolonged survival in the binary CSQ/P2X4R mouse was associated with an improved left ventricular weight-to-body weight ratio and a restored β-adrenergic responsiveness. The beneficial phenotype of the binary mouse was not associated with any downregulation of the CSQ level but correlated with improved left ventricular developed pressure and ±dP/d t. The enhanced cardiac performance was manifested in young binary animals and persisted in older animals. The increased contractility likely underlies the survival benefit from P2X4 receptor overexpression. An increased expression or activation of this receptor may represent a new approach in the therapy of heart failure.
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Dyroff, C., A. Zahn, S. Sanati, E. Christner, A. Rauthe-Schöch, and T. J. Schuck. "Tunable diode laser in-situ CH<sub>4</sub> measurements aboard the CARIBIC passenger aircraft: instrument performance assessment." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 7, no. 3 (March 13, 2014): 743–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-743-2014.
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Abstract. A laser spectrometer for automated monthly measurements of methane (CH4) mixing ratios aboard the CARIBIC passenger aircraft is presented. The instrument is based on a commercial Fast Greenhouse Gas Analyser (FGGA, Los Gatos Res.), which was adapted to meet the requirements imposed by unattended airborne operation. It was characterised in the laboratory with respect to instrument stability, precision, cross sensitivity to H2O, and accuracy. For airborne operation, a calibration strategy is described that utilises CH4 measurements obtained from flask samples taken during the same flights. The precision of airborne measurements is 2 ppb for 10 s averages. The accuracy at aircraft cruising altitude is 3.85 ppb. During aircraft ascent and descent, where no flask samples were obtained, instrumental drifts can be less accurately determined and the uncertainty is estimated to be 12.4 ppb. A linear humidity bias correction was applied to the CH4 measurements, which was most important in the lower troposphere. On average, the correction bias was around 6.5 ppb at an altitude of 2 km, and negligible at cruising flight level. Observations from 103 long-distance flights are presented that span a large part of the northern hemispheric upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UT/LMS), with occasional crossing of the tropics on flights to southern Africa. These accurate data mark the largest UT/LMS in-situ CH4 dataset worldwide. An example of a tracer-tracer correlation study with ozone is given, highlighting the possibility for accurate cross-tropopause transport analyses.
Books on the topic "Level crossing gates"
Book chapters on the topic "Level crossing gates"
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Samanta, Eshan, Arif Ahmed Sekh, and Debnarayan Khatua. "An Expert System-Based Automation in Indian Traction System for a One Way Single Platform Station by Introducing PLC." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing, 213–30. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2584-5.ch013.
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Nowadays, it is very often that some portion of the Indian traction system is still suffering from a single line railway transportation. This in turn creates a havoc disturbance in maintaining the proper sequence of traction control system. Also, passengers are taking risk to catch the train which is already in motion but no such action has been taken to eliminate these consequences. It has been found that more or less various works have been done on Automation in Railway Crossing Gate using Microcontroller and IR Sensor. Thus, it is often decided to develop an idea for the Indian traction system to ensure better controlling action by introducing Limit Switches as Tactile Sensors and by introducing HMI using PLC. The purpose here to take control over various controlling domains, including Railway crossing gate are as follows: Track signal, crossing level signal, alarm notification, and platform edge fence. The proper sequencing needs to be operated via a 128 I/O module with 2 KB memory size small PLC kit.
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Rohling, Eelco J. "Introduction." In The Climate Question. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190910877.003.0004.
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In 2015, the annual mean global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) level surpassed 400 parts per million (ppm; Figure 1.1), and we know very well that this rise is caused by human activities (Figure 1.2). It was the first time in 3 million years that such a level had been reached. Crossing this level has caused widespread concern among climate scientists, and not least among those called pale climatologists, who work on natural climate variability in prehistoric times, before humans. Over the last few decades, researchers have been repeatedly raising the alarm that emissions of CO2, along with those of other greenhouse gases, are getting dangerously out of control and that urgent remedial action is needed. With the crossing of the 400 ppm threshold, this sense of urgency reached a climax: at the Conference of Parties 21 meeting in Paris—also known as COP21 or the 2015 Paris Climate Conference—broad interna¬tional political agreement was reached to limit global warming to a maximum of 2°C, and if at all possible 1.5° C, by the end of this century. If one calculates this through, this implies a commitment for society to operate on zero net carbon emissions well before 2050, along with development and large-scale application of methods for CO2 removal from the climate system. (Scientists focus on carbon (C) emissions when they discuss emissions because it helps in calculating CO2 changes produced by the processing of specific volumes/ masses of fossil fuel hydrocarbons.) Clearly, the challenge is enormous, especially given that even implementing all the pledges made since COP21 would still allow warming to reach about 3°C by 2100. But, regardless, the agreement was ground breaking. It was a marker of hope, optimism, and international motivation to tackle climate change. Moreover, there are concerns about the stated COP21 targets. First, the proposed 2°C or 1.5°C limits to avoid 2 “dangerous” climate impacts may sound good, but there is no specific scientific basis for picking these particular numbers. Second, the implied “end of this century” deadline is an arbitrary moment in time.
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"Is Citizen Science Gaming the Next ‘Level Up’ for Social Impact Games? Crossing Public Involvement, Technological Accessibility and Game Design." In Levelling Up: The Cultural Impact of Contemporary Videogames, 111–20. BRILL, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9781848884380_013.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Level crossing gates"
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Priyanka, J. C., A. Saranya, C. Shanmathi, and S. Baranikumar. "Automatic level crossing gate with database collection." In 2015 International Conference on Computation of Power, Energy Information and Commuincation (ICCPEIC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccpeic.2015.7259483.
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Kulkarni, Narasimha, Pawan Kumar Doddamani, Abheejit Chowdhary, Kavyashree S. Kulkarni, Chaitra Shettar, and Priya Pandey. "Automated Gate control with backup systems at Level Crossing." In 2020 Fourth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/i-smac49090.2020.9243374.
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Rehman, Aniqa, Saba Latif, and Nazir Ahmad Zafar. "Automata Based Railway Gate Control System at Level Crossing." In 2019 International Conference on Communication Technologies (ComTech). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/comtech.2019.8737833.
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Tarawneh, Ghaith, Andrey Mokhov, and Alex Yakovlev. "Formal Verification of Clock Domain Crossing using Gate-level Models of Metastable Flip-Flops." In Proceedings of the 2016 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/9783981537079_0405.
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Johansen, Inger Lise. "Technology Qualification of Extreme Fjord Crossings." In ASME 2016 35th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2016-54419.
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The objective of this paper is to describe a framework for technology qualification for extreme fjord crossings. The motivation and scope is the project coastal highway route E39, which requires use of groundbreaking technologies to replace ferry connections with bridges across eight challenging fjords in the western Norway. The paper identifies key uncertainties related to use of new technology for extreme fjord crossings, concerning rules and methodologies, environmental conditions and implications in terms of risk. It then identifies needs and challenges for technology qualification in order to reduce these uncertainties and demonstrate that the technology is ready for use. This provides the basis for a new framework for technology qualification of extreme crossings. The framework combines principles of a risk-based, goal-driven approach with predefined levels of technological maturity, which are linked to key decision gates in the development project.
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McManus, Adam, Daniel Tofful, and Rafal Wozniak. "Design of segmental box girder bridges with match cast dry joints in Melbourne, Australia." In IABSE Congress, Christchurch 2021: Resilient technologies for sustainable infrastructure. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/christchurch.2021.0269.
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<p>A study of recent work undertaken on the Caulfield to Dandenong Level Crossing Removal Project and West Gate Tunnel Project in Melbourne Australia. The viaducts on these projects were precast segmental box girders erected span-by-span with match cast dry joints which present several key advantages in brownfield construction of linear infrastructure.</p><p>These case studies consider the application of Australian and International design standards to the design of Australian Infrastructure. It is acknowledged that international design standards such as AASHTO have moved away from the use of match cast dry joints however in the Australian context they are still relevant, and it has been necessary to interrogate current standards to establish a suitable design basis. This approach is imperative when assessing existing infrastructure like recent work on the West Gate Tunnel Project which involved the assessment of the existing precast segmental City Link Viaducts. This study seeks to present recommendations on how AS5100.5 may be modified to provide a more practical and efficient solution for the design of new and the assessment of existing infrastructure.</p>
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Zarembski, Allan M., James Blaze, and Pradeep Patel. "Shared Corridors, Shared Interests." In 2011 Joint Rail Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2011-56095.
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What are some of the practical obstacles to a “shared interests” between a freight railway business and the proposed new higher speed passenger entity? This paper discusses the real “tension” between the two business interests that fund freight trains versus those that support and fund higher speed passenger trains as they attempt to share the same tracks in a safe manner. There are fundamental laws of physics that have to be addressed as the two different sets of equipment are “accommodated” on a shared corridor. This may not always be an easy accommodation between the two commercial parties. One real tension between the two commercial interests involves the physical problem of accommodating two radically different train sets on areas of curved track. For one example, what will be the passenger train required future higher speeds and how will these speeds be accommodated in existing main line tracks with curves varying from 1% to 6% in degrees? How much super elevation will need to be put back into the heretofore freight train tracks? How will the resulting super elevation affect the operation of so called drag or high tonnage slow speed bulk cargo trains? Accommodating such differences in train set types, axle loadings, freight versus passenger train set speeds, requires making detailed choices at the engineering level. These may be shared interests, but they are also variables with far different outcomes by design for the two different business types. The freight railways have spent the last few decades “taking the super elevation out” because it is not needed for the modern and highly efficient freight trains. Now the requirements of the passenger trains may need for it to be replaced. What are the dynamics and fundamental engineering principles at work here? Grade crossings have a safety issue set of interests that likely require such things as “quad” gates and for the highest passenger train speeds even complete grade separation. Track accommodating very high speed passenger trains requires under federal regulations much closer physical property tolerances in gauge width, track alignment, and surface profile. This in turn increases the level of track inspection and track maintenance expenses versus the standard freight operations in a corridor. Fundamentally, how is this all going to be allocated to the two different commercial train users? What will be the equally shared cost and what are examples of the solely allocated costs when a corridor has such different train users? In summary, this paper provides a description of these shared issues and the fundamental trade-offs that the parties must agree upon related to overall track design, track geometry, track curvature, super elevation options, allowed speeds in curves, more robust protection at grade crossings, and the manner in which these changes from the freight only corridors are to be allocated given the resulting much higher track maintenance costs of these to be shared assets.