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Journal articles on the topic 'Levelized costs of heat'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Capitan, Olga. "FEASIBILITY PRODUCTION OF GASEOUS BIOFUELS FROM WASTE IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA." Journal of Social Sciences III (1) (March 23, 2020): 56–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3724635.

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This paper deals with the cost of biogas and syngas produced from biodegradable waste was determined, at different capacities, which correspond to the powers of gas recovery plants for the purpose of electricity production in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova. The evolution rates of the annual cost of gases were determined. There were determined the levelized cost of biogas and syngas, which was compared with the levelized cost of natural gas. In order to ensure the comparability of these costs with that of natural gas, there are considered the levelized costs of biogases equivalent to

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2

Stanytsina, Valentyna, Volodymyr Artemchuk, Olga Bogoslavska, et al. "Fossil Fuel and Biofuel Boilers in Ukraine: Trends of Changes in Levelized Cost of Heat." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 7215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197215.

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An increase in the share of renewables in heat supply systems is a promising direction to reach sustainable development goals and decarbonization. Decision makers should consider various factors, including energy market prices, the availability of biofuels, boiler and auxiliary equipment costs, logistic costs, and the taxation system. In the European Union, the energy crisis causes a rapid increase in fossil fuel prices. Moreover, the use of fossil fuels results in greenhouse gas emissions, which threatens the achievement of sustainable development goals. We studied the influence of the delive

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Zeitoun, Obida, Jamel Orfi, Salah Ud-Din Khan, and Hany AlAnsary. "Desalinated Water Costs from Steam, Combined, and Nuclear Cogeneration Plants Using Power and Heat Allocation Methods." Energies 16, no. 6 (2023): 2752. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062752.

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This work presents a detailed thermo-economic analysis of unit water costs from dual-purpose cogeneration plants. The power levelized cost was first calculated for stand-alone steam, nuclear, and combined-cycle power plants. The cost of energy needed to operate the desalination systems connected to power plants was evaluated based on two different approaches: power- and heat-allocated methods. Numerical models based on the heat and mass balances of the power and desalination plants’ components were developed and validated. Comprehensive and updated data generated using Desaldata libraries were

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4

Divkovic, Denis, Lukas Knorr, and Henning Meschede. "Design approach to extend and decarbonise existing district heating systems - case study for German cities." International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management 38 (July 6, 2023): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/ijsepm.7655.

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This paper aims to present an approach for the planning of carbon low heat supply in a future district heating system based on open data for German cities with existing district heating networks. One focus is on the integration of industrial waste heat and the uncertainty of future waste heat sources as well as restrictions on the use of biomass. For that purpose, knowledge about the energy demand is necessary. In a first step it is shown how the demand around a heating network is estimated with spatial data and a load profile is generated. Local available heat sources are examined according t

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Aminov, Zarif, Khusniddin Alikulov, and Tran-Dang Xuan. "Economic and Environmental Analyses of an Integrated Power and Hydrogen Production Systems Based on Solar Thermal Energy." Energies 17, no. 17 (2024): 4264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17174264.

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This study introduces a novel hybrid solar–biomass cogeneration power plant that efficiently produces heat, electricity, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen using concentrated solar power and syngas from cotton stalk biomass. Detailed exergy-based thermodynamic, economic, and environmental analyses demonstrate that the optimized system achieves an exergy efficiency of 48.67% and an exergoeconomic factor of 80.65% and produces 51.5 MW of electricity, 23.3 MW of heat, and 8334.4 kg/h of hydrogen from 87,156.4 kg/h of biomass. The study explores four scenarios for green hydrogen production pathways, inc

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Stanytsina, Valentyna, Vitalii Horskyi, Serhii Danyliv, et al. "Comparative Analysis of Levelized Cost of Heat in Implemented and Calculated Heat Supply Systems with Heat Pumps in Ukraine." Energies 18, no. 5 (2025): 1110. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18051110.

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The adoption of heat pumps in Ukraine is increasing, yet precise data on their economic viability are limited. This study compares the Levelized Cost of Heat (LCOH) in implemented and calculated heat pump systems under Ukrainian conditions. Analyzing real installations and theoretical projects, we assess ground-source and air-source heat pumps, focusing on technical indicators like the Seasonal Coefficient of Performance (SCOP) and economic factors such as the investment costs and discount rates. The findings reveal that promotional materials often underestimate the costs, leading to significa

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Beckers, Koenraad F., Maciej Z. Lukawski, Brian J. Anderson, Michal C. Moore, and Jefferson W. Tester. "Levelized costs of electricity and direct-use heat from Enhanced Geothermal Systems." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 6, no. 1 (2014): 013141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4865575.

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8

Derii, V. O. "Economic efficiency of district heating systems’ heat generation technologies." Problems of General Energy 2021, no. 2 (2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/pge2021.02.021.

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A new selection criterion of heat-generating technologies for the district heating systems (DHS) retrofit, Marginal Levelized Price of Energy (MLPOE), is proposed. MLPOE is the minimum weighted marginal price of thermal energy produced by the technological unit. MLPOE accounts for the costs and incomes of considered heat generation technologies and allows more accurate comparison among technologies that produce only one type of energy with multi-product technologies, e.g. cogeneration technologies and technologies that provide ancillary services to power systems in addition to only heat produc

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Adldinger, S., L. Behringer, T. Licklederer, D. Zinsmeister, and T. Hamacher. "Temperature flexible operation of district heating with booster heat pumps – Improving efficiency of existing networks." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2600, no. 8 (2023): 082028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2600/8/082028.

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Abstract This paper illustrates a new approach for decarbonizing existing district heating networks by introducing Temperature Flexible District Heating Networks (TFDHs) using decentralized booster heat pumps. A rule-based control concept is presented to effectively manage the varying temperatures within the network. Based on an annual simulation, the optimal heat supply for TFDHs is determined and compared with simulated data of 3rd and 5th Generation district heating networks using the Levelized Costs Of Heat (LCOH) as a key performance indicator. The results of the calculations reveal a hig

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Correa-Quintana, Edgar, Yecid Muñoz-Maldonado, and Adalberto Ospino-Castro. "Financial Evaluation of Alternatives for Industrial Methanol Production Using Renewable Energy with Heat Pump Technology." Energies 17, no. 22 (2024): 5560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17225560.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic and financial alternatives for industrial methanol (MeOH) production in Colombia, taking advantage of renewable energy and heat pump technology. The main objective was to analyze the feasibility of converting an existing hydrogen production plant into a methanol synthesis plant at a refinery located in the Magdalena Medio region. The approach included the electrification of industrial processes using heat pumps, along with the incorporation of carbon capture technologies, using renewable photovoltaic energy. The study compared this proposa

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Martínez-Rodríguez, Guillermo, Cristobal Díaz-de-León, Amanda L. Fuentes-Silva, Juan-Carlos Baltazar, and Rafael García-Gutiérrez. "Detailed Thermo-Economic Assessment of a Heat Pump for Industrial Applications." Energies 16, no. 6 (2023): 2784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16062784.

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Heat pump electricity costs grow with a power relationship as the evaporator temperature in the cycle decreases. The thermo-economic study of a solar thermal-assisted heat pump and storage system determines the minimum cost of the coupled system for an evaporator temperature. Through two case studies, one for the dairy industry and the other for 2G bioethanol production, the coupled system was evaluated for different temperatures in the evaporator, from 30 to 90 °C, and the minimum cost of the coupled system was determined. For the dairy industry, the lowest levelized total cost of a heat pump

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Cruz-Robles, Irving, Jorge M. Islas-Samperio, and Claudio A. Estrada. "Levelized Cost of Heat of the CSPth Hybrid Central Tower Technology." Energies 15, no. 22 (2022): 8528. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228528.

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Process heating represents about two-thirds of the energy that the industry sector consumes worldwide; this energy comes primarily from burning fossil fuels. There is a wide variety of processes for which solar technologies can supply energy. Within these technologies, the CSPth Central Tower produces heat at temperatures about 600 °C, making it suitable for high-temperature processes. A CSPth Central Tower can be combined with a fuel-based system to form a CSPth Hybrid Central Tower system, which results in a high-reliable energy source with low rates of CO2 emissions. In this work, the level

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Tagliaferri, Mauro, Paweł Gładysz, Pietro Ungar, et al. "Techno-Economic Assessment of the Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Geothermal Systems." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (2022): 16580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416580.

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Enhanced geothermal systems distinguish themselves among other technologies that utilize renewable energy sources by their possibility of the partial sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2). Thus, CO2 in its supercritical form in such units may be considered as better working fluid for heat transfer than conventionally used water. The main goal of the study was to perform the techno-economic analysis of different configurations of supercritical carbon dioxide-enhanced geothermal systems (sCO2-EGSs). The energy performance as well as economic evaluation including heat and power generation, capita

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14

Steinegger, Josef, Stefan Stering, and Thomas Kienberger. "Economic Feasibility of Supra-Regional District Heating Networks: Addressing Technical and Economic Considerations." Energy 326 (April 17, 2025): 136190. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2025.136190.

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Various models exist for pricing heat in district heating networks, with most assuming that the heat supplier holds a natural monopoly position within the network. However, a supra-regional district heating network can break this natural monopoly, creating a new market with multiple heat suppliers. Operation strategies and thus pricing models for such structures are rare, often failing to reimburse the full costs incurred by heat suppliers and lacking sufficient control strategies. This paper introduces a novel heat pricing model in combination with an operation strate

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15

Shesho, Igor, Elena Kochov, Monika Uler-Zefikj, and Risto Filkoski. "Sensitivity analysis for integration of renewable energy sources into district heating systems." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2024): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci240528236s.

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The advantage of district heating systems compared to individual systems lies in their potential to diversify heat sources, foster greater system independence and reliability, and optimise heat energy production costs. This work evaluates the techno-economic rationale behind investing in district heating systems focusing on determining the threshold at which such investments become cost-effective. This includes indicators such as linear heat density [MWh/km] to ascertain the break-even point, alongside the calculation of the levelized sost of energy. Five simulation models of a heating system

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16

Fitó, Jaume, Neha Dimri, and Julien Ramousse. "Improving Thermoeconomic and Environmental Performance of District Heating via Demand Pooling and Upscaling." Energies 14, no. 24 (2021): 8546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248546.

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This study evaluates the effects of pooling heat demands in a district for the purpose of upscaling heat production units by means of energy, exergy, economic, exergoeconomic, and environmental indicators, as well as the sensitivity to investment and fuel costs. The following production systems to satisfy the heat demands (domestic hot water production and space heating) of a mixed district composed of office (80%), residential (15%), and commercial (5%) buildings are considered: gas- and biomass-fired boilers, electric boilers and heat pumps (grid-powered or photovoltaic -powered), and solar

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17

BARNETCHE, Magdalena, CAMARA RUBEN ABBAS, and Luis F. González-Portillo. "Reducing costs in solar heat: A comparative study of rotatory Fresnel and parabolic trough systems." Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 61 (March 27, 2025): 103526. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2025.103526.

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This paper presents a techno-economic analysis of a novel rotating Fresnel solar collector, named the SunDial, for industrial process heat applications. The cost of the SunDial was estimated with an uncertainty margin, considering both the actual expenditure to build the prototype and a projected estimate for mass production. Two distinct SunDial prototypes were analyzed: one designed for low-latitude locations with single-axis azimuthal tracking, and another for high-latitude regions with dual-axis tracking. The study involved a prototype sizing assessment to determine the cost-effective dime

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18

Buongiorno, Jacopo, Ben Carmichael, Bradley Dunkin, John Parsons, and Dirk Smit. "Can Nuclear Batteries Be Economically Competitive in Large Markets?" Energies 14, no. 14 (2021): 4385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144385.

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We introduce the concept of the nuclear battery, a standardized, factory-fabricated, road transportable, plug-and-play micro-reactor. Nuclear batteries have the potential to provide on-demand, carbon-free, economic, resilient, and safe energy for distributed heat and electricity applications in every sector of the economy. The cost targets for nuclear batteries in these markets are 20–50 USD/MWht (6–15 USD/MMBTU) and 70–115 USD/MWhe for heat and electricity, respectively. We present a parametric study of the nuclear battery’s levelized cost of heat and electricity, suggesting that those cost t

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19

Rosenstiel, Andreas, Nathalie Monnerie, Jürgen Dersch, Martin Roeb, Robert Pitz-Paal, and Christian Sattler. "Electrochemical Hydrogen Production Powered by PV/CSP Hybrid Power Plants: A Modelling Approach for Cost Optimal System Design." Energies 14, no. 12 (2021): 3437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123437.

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Global trade of green hydrogen will probably become a vital factor in reaching climate neutrality. The sunbelt of the Earth has a great potential for large-scale hydrogen production. One promising pathway to solar hydrogen is to use economically priced electricity from photovoltaics (PV) for electrochemical water splitting. However, storing electricity with batteries is still expensive and without storage only a small operating capacity of electrolyser systems can be reached. Combining PV with concentrated solar power (CSP) and thermal energy storage (TES) seems a good pathway to reach more el

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Jia, Guobin, Guifeng Zhu, Yang Zou, et al. "Economic Analysis of Nuclear Energy Cogeneration: A Comprehensive Review on Integrated Utilization." Energies 18, no. 11 (2025): 2929. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18112929.

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Nuclear energy cogeneration, which integrates electricity generation with thermal energy utilization, presents a transformative pathway for enhancing energy efficiency and decarbonizing industrial and urban sectors. This comprehensive review synthesizes advancements in technological stratification, economic modeling, and sectoral practices to evaluate the viability of nuclear cogeneration as a cornerstone of low-carbon energy transitions. By categorizing applications based on temperature requirements (low: <250 °C, medium: 250–550 °C, high: >550 °C), the study highlights the adaptability

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Vespasiano, Domiziana, Flavia Vespasiano, Axel Riccardo Massulli, Alessandro Ciancio, and Livio de Santoli. "Impact of Hydrogen Blending Policies on the Energy Efficiency, Environmental and Economics parameters of Residential Gas Boilers." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2893, no. 1 (2024): 012086. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2893/1/012086.

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Abstract At present, gas-fired boilers are among the most common systems for heating residential buildings. The potential integration of hydrogen into the gas network is being considered as a viable option for decarbonising heating systems. This study investigates the impact of hydrogen injection into the network, focusing on how it affects boiler performance by analysing energy and environmental parameters with different hydrogen fractions. Specifically, the study examines the technical, economic and environmental consequences of using hydrogen-enriched natural gas (H2NG) blends in gas-fired

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Arbula Blecich, Andrea, and Paolo Blecich. "Thermoeconomic Analysis of Subcritical and Supercritical Isobutane Cycles for Geothermal Power Generation." Sustainability 15, no. 11 (2023): 8624. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15118624.

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This article presents a novel and comprehensive approach for the thermoeconomic evaluation of subcritical and supercritical isobutane cycles for geothermal temperatures of Tgeo = 100–200 °C. The isobutane cycles are optimized with respect to the maximum net power or minimum levelized cost of electricity (LCOE). Cycle optimization is also included, using a minimum superheat temperature to avoid turbine erosion, which is usually neglected in the literature. The results show that economic optimums are found in the far superheated region, while thermal optimums are obtained with dry saturated or w

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Thakur, Somil, Deepak Singh, Umair Najeeb Mughal, Vishal Kumar, and Rajnish Kaur Calay. "Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Solar Thermal, Solar PV, and Biogas Energy Systems: Insights from Case Studies." Applied Sciences 15, no. 14 (2025): 8082. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15148082.

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The growing imperative to mitigate climate change and accelerate the shift toward energy sustainability has called for a critical evaluation of heat and electricity generation methods. This article presents a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) of solar and biogas energy systems on a common basis of 1 kWh of useful energy using SimaPro, the ReCiPe 2016 methodology (both midpoint and endpoint indicators), and cumulative energy demand (CED) analysis. This study is the first to evaluate co-located solar PV, solar thermal compound parabolic concentrator (CPC) and biogas combined heat and power

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Gradziuk, Piotr, Aleksandra Siudek, Anna M. Klepacka, Wojciech J. Florkowski, Anna Trocewicz, and Iryna Skorokhod. "Heat Pump Installation in Public Buildings: Savings and Environmental Benefits in Underserved Rural Areas." Energies 15, no. 21 (2022): 7903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15217903.

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Heat pump technology offers a path towards reducing the use of fossil fuels to heat space, providing energy bill savings and reducing air pollution and GHG emissions. The choice of heating method is based on costs; hence, this study examines the gains from operating heat pump systems in public buildings as well as alternative systems using electricity, LPG, and heating oil. The study focuses on the Ruda-Huta municipality in Poland that, as is common in rural areas, lacks access to a district heating system or piped gas. The empirical analysis includes heat pump installations in eight municipal

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Meng, Boyan, Yang Zhou, Wenwen Chen, et al. "Investigating the Impact of Seasonal Heat Storage on the Thermal and Economic Performance of a Deep Borehole Heat Exchanger: A Numerical Simulation Study." Buildings 15, no. 9 (2025): 1575. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15091575.

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Deep borehole heat exchanger (DBHE) is a clean and efficient technology that utilizes geothermal energy for building heating. However, continuous heat extraction from a DBHE system can lead to its performance decline over time. In this paper, the seasonal heat extraction and storage of a DBHE were simulated to assess the impact of seasonal heat storage schemes on its thermal and economic performance. The numerical model was constructed based on real project parameters and validated using monitoring data. Simulation results indicate that the extracted heat after storage increases linearly with

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Beckers, Koenraad F., Maciej Z. Lukawski, Brian J. Anderson, Michal C. Moore, and Jefferson W. Tester. "Erratum: “Levelized costs of electricity and direct-use heat from Enhanced Geothermal Systems” [J. Renewable Sustainable Energy 6, 013141 (2014)]." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 6, no. 5 (2014): 059902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4899079.

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Gupta, Aman, Piyush Sabharwall, Paul Armatis, Brian Fronk, and Vivek Utgikar. "Coupling Chemical Heat Pump with Nuclear Reactor for Temperature Amplification by Delivering Process Heat and Electricity: A Techno-Economic Analysis." Energies 15, no. 16 (2022): 5873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15165873.

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The energy economy is continually evolving in response to socio-political factors in the nature of primary energy sources, their conversions to useful forms, such as electricity and heat, and their utilization in different sectors. Nuclear energy has a crucial role to play in the evolution of energy economy due to its clean and non-carbon-emitting characteristics. A techno-economic analysis was undertaken to establish the viability of selling heat along with electricity for an advanced 100 MWth small modular reactor (SMR) and four nuclear hybrid energy system (NHES) configurations featuring th

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de la Rocha Camba, Eduardo, and Fontina Petrakopoulou. "Economic Analysis of a Zero-Water Solar Power Plant for Energy Security." Applied Sciences 11, no. 20 (2021): 9639. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209639.

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Water dependency of power plants undermines energy security by making power generation susceptible to water scarcity. This study evaluates the economic performance of a novel dry-cooling system for a water-independent solar power plant. The proposed cooling system is based on the concept of earth–air heat exchangers, approaching zero environmental impact. The viability of the proposed design is discussed based on both costs and benefits, and it is compared to both conventional dry- and wet-cooling systems. The installation costs of the plant are found to be EUR 13,728/kW, resulting in the subs

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Muradin, Magdalena, Katarzyna Joachimiak-Lechman, and Zenon Foltynowicz. "Evaluation of Eco-Efficiency of Two Alternative Agricultural Biogas Plants." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (2018): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112083.

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Implementation of the circular economy is one of the priorities of the European Union, and energy efficiency is one of its pillars. This article discusses an effective use of agri-food industry waste for the purposes of waste-to-energy in biogas plants. Its basic objective is the comparative assessment of the eco-efficiency of biogas production depending on the type of feedstock used, its transport and possibility to use generated heat. The environmental impact of the analysed installations was assessed with the application of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. Cost calculation was p

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Hammache, A., and E. Bilgen. "Nuclear Hydrogen Production Based on Sulfuric Acid Decomposition Process." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 114, no. 3 (1992): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2905946.

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A thermochemical nuclear hydrogen producing process has been developed and evaluated from thermodynamics and engineering points of view. The cycle is based on sulfuric acid decomposition process developed earlier, which produces mechanical power using additional primary energy as well as excess process heat generated within the cycle. The sulfuric acid decomposition process has been closed using a sulfur dioxide electrochemical oxidizer cell and feasibility of its energy self-sufficient operation has been demonstrated. The first law efficiency of the cycle has been determined as 34.14 percent

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Gul, Eid, Giorgio Baldinelli, and Pietro Bartocci. "Energy Transition: Renewable Energy-Based Combined Heat and Power Optimization Model for Distributed Communities." Energies 15, no. 18 (2022): 6740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186740.

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New energy technologies are gaining rising importance because of climate change and increasing energy demand, and they show an enormous potential to mitigate environmental issues. With the purpose of maximizing the renewable energy utilization, combined heat and power systems are considered more effective, economical, and ecological. However, renewable energy-based combined heat and power systems are still in the development phase. Hence, this study presents a new methodology to produce combined electricity and heat from wind and solar PV systems to meet the energy demand of small, distributed

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Menin, Lorenzo, Aldo Paolillo, Stefano Piazzi, et al. "Biomass combined heat and power for renewable power provision in mountain environments: techno-economic assessment of cost factors and competitiveness under current and projected energy market conditions." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2893, no. 1 (2024): 012008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2893/1/012008.

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Abstract Bioenergy is seen as a renewable energy source expected to deliver a major contribution to decarbonization of power and heat by major institutions, although its affordability in specific contexts has not been assessed in detail by the available literature. In this study, we develop a techno-economic model of a small-scale decentralized biomass gasification-combined heat and power plant based on real operating data and costs. The results obtained indicate that in the Italian mountain context, the proposed solution would deliver very limited competitiveness compared to natural gas fired

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Baeuerle, Yvonne I., Cordin Arpagaus, and Michel Y. Haller. "A Review of Seasonal Energy Storage for Net-Zero Industrial Heat: Thermal and Power-to-X Storage Including the Novel Concept of Renewable Metal Energy Carriers." Energies 18, no. 9 (2025): 2204. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18092204.

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Achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 requires CO2-neutral industrial process heat, with seasonal energy storage (SES) playing a crucial role in balancing supply and demand. This study reviews thermal energy storage (TES) and Power-to-X (P2X) technologies for applications without thermal grids, assessing their feasibility, state of the art, opportunities, and challenges. Underground TES (UTES), such as aquifer and borehole storage, offer 1–26 times lower annual heat storage costs than above-ground tanks. For P2X, hydrogen storage in salt caverns is 80% less expensive than in high

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Chaturvedi, S. K., and L. M. Murphy. "Energy Conservation Potential of Large Capacity Solar-Assisted Heat Pumps for Low Temperature IPH Applications." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 107, no. 4 (1985): 286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3267694.

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Energy conservation and economic potential of large capacity (∼MWth) solar-assisted water-to-water heat pumps (SAHP) is evaluated for year round low temperature (<100° C) industrial process heating applications at four locations in the United States. The long-term thermal performance of the SAHP system is determined by a recently proposed utilizability method that accounts for the variable coefficient of performance of the SAHP system. The large SAHP system appears to be an attractive energy conservation alternative to fuel oil and electricity for locations with high solar resources and low

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Romanov, Dmitry, and Bernd Leiss. "Analysis of Enhanced Geothermal System Development Scenarios for District Heating and Cooling of the Göttingen University Campus." Geosciences 11, no. 8 (2021): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11080349.

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The huge energy potential of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) makes them perspective sources of non-intermittent renewable energy for the future. This paper focuses on potential scenarios of EGS development in a locally and in regard to geothermal exploration, poorly known geological setting—the Variscan fold-and-thrust belt —for district heating and cooling of the Göttingen University campus. On average, the considered single EGS doublet might cover about 20% of the heat demand and 6% of the cooling demand of the campus. The levelized cost of heat (LCOH), net present value (NPV) and CO2 abat

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Valencia Ochoa, Guillermo, Javier Cárdenas Gutierrez, and Jorge Duarte Forero. "Exergy, Economic, and Life-Cycle Assessment of ORC System for Waste Heat Recovery in a Natural Gas Internal Combustion Engine." Resources 9, no. 1 (2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources9010002.

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In this article, an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) was integrated into a 2-MW natural gas engine to evaluate the possibility of generating electricity by recovering the engine’s exhaust heat. The operational and design variables with the greatest influence on the energy, economic, and environmental performance of the system were analyzed. Likewise, the components with greater exergy destruction were identified through the variety of different operating parameters. From the parametric results, it was found that the evaporation pressure has the greatest influence on the destruction of exergy. The h

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Muir, J. F. "Performance/Economics Comparison of Sensible and Thermochemical Energy Transport Systems for Solar Thermal Dish Applications." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 109, no. 3 (1987): 227–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268211.

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A major challenge facing the development of distributed receiver solar systems is the efficient transport of high temperature thermal energy from the collectors to the point of use. As receiver temperatures increase, conventional sensible (SEN) energy transport methods become less attractive because of increased heat losses and insulation costs. A promising alternative that is particularly attractive for the high temperatures characteristic of paraboloidal dishes and the extensive piping associated with large collector fields is the concept of themochemical (TC) energy transport. Estimates of

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Xu, Xiaonan, Zhijie Zhao, Chunfeng Song, Li Xu, and Wen Zhang. "Seawater Membrane Distillation Coupled with Alkaline Water Electrolysis for Hydrogen Production: Parameter Influence and Techno-Economic Analysis." Membranes 15, no. 2 (2025): 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes15020060.

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The production of green hydrogen requires renewable electricity and a supply of sustainable water. Due to global water scarcity, using seawater to produce green hydrogen is particularly important in areas where freshwater resources are scarce. This study establishes a system model to simulate and optimize the integrated technology of seawater desalination by membrane distillation and hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis. Technical economics is also performed to evaluate the key factors affecting the economic benefits of the coupling system. The results show that an increase in el

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Romanov, Dmitry, and Bernd Leiss. "Analysis of Enhanced Geothermal System Development Scenarios for District Heating and Cooling of the Göttingen University Campus." Geosciences 11(8), no. 349 (2021): 20. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11080349.

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The huge energy potential of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) makes them perspective sources of non-intermittent renewable energy for the future. This paper focuses on potential scenarios of EGS development in a locally and in regard to geothermal exploration, poorly known geological setting—the Variscan fold-and-thrust belt —for district heating and cooling of the Göttingen University campus. On average, the considered single EGS doublet might cover about 20% of the heat demand and 6% of the cooling demand of the campus. The levelized cost of heat (LCOH), net present value (

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Pakere, Ieva, Dace Lauka, and Dagnija Blumberga. "Does the Balance Exist between Cost Efficiency of Different Energy Efficiency Measures? DH Systems Case." Energies 13, no. 19 (2020): 5151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13195151.

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The main aim of this study is to evaluate the results achieved by implementation of different support policies in form of subsidies for energy efficiency improvements and transition to renewable energy sources. The article compares the energy efficiency measures in district heating systems with other support program. In order to assess the effectiveness of implementation of different renewable energy technologies and energy efficiency projects, the levelized costs of saved energy for different support programs were determined. Authors compared different co-financed projects related to replacem

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Venegas-Reyes, Eduardo, Naghelli Ortega-Avila, Yuridiana Rocio Galindo-Luna, Jonathan Ibarra-Bahena, Erick Cesar López-Vidaña, and Ulises Dehesa-Carrasco. "Thermal Performance and Cost Assessment Analysis of a Double-Pass V-Trough Solar Air Heater." Clean Technologies 7, no. 1 (2025): 27. https://doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol7010027.

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Solar air heating systems offer an effective alternative for reducing greenhouse gas emissions at a profitable cost. This work details the design, construction, and experimental evaluation of a novel double-pass V-trough solar air heater with semicircular receivers, which was built with low-cost materials readily available in the Mexican market. Thermal performance tests were conducted in accordance with the ANSI-ASHRAE 93-2010 standard. The results indicated a peak collector efficiency of 0.4461 and total heat losses of 8.8793 W/(m2 °C), with an air mass flow rate of 0.0174 kg/s. The instanta

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Behar, Omar, Daniel Sbarbaro, and Luis Morán. "A Practical Methodology for the Design and Cost Estimation of Solar Tower Power Plants." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (2020): 8708. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208708.

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Concerns over the environmental influence of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have encouraged researchers to develop alternative power technologies. Among the most promising, environmentally friendly power technologies for large-scale applications are solar power tower plants. The implementation of this technology calls for practical modeling and simulation tools to both size the plant and investigate the scale effect on its economic indices. This paper proposes a methodology to design the main components of solar power tower plants and to estimate the specific investment costs and the economic

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Oldenbroek, Vincent, Gilbert Smink, Tijmen Salet, and Ad J. M. van Wijk. "Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle as a Power Plant: Techno-Economic Scenario Analysis of a Renewable Integrated Transportation and Energy System for Smart Cities in Two Climates." Applied Sciences 10, no. 1 (2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10010143.

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Renewable, reliable, and affordable future power, heat, and transportation systems require efficient and versatile energy storage and distribution systems. If solar and wind electricity are the only renewable energy sources, what role can hydrogen and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) have in providing year-round 100% renewable, reliable, and affordable energy for power, heat, and transportation for smart urban areas in European climates? The designed system for smart urban areas uses hydrogen production and FCEVs through vehicle-to-grid (FCEV2G) for balancing electricity demand and supply.

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Gradziuk, Barbara, and Piotr Gradziuk. "HEAT PUMPS VERSUS BIOMASS BOILERS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF HEATING COSTS FOR PUBLIC BUILDINGS." Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, no. 3 (2020): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.4026.

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The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of heating costs of heat pumps and biomass-fired boilers. The study was carried out in the communes of Ruda-Huta (Chełm County) and Dębowa Kłoda (Parczewski County). The subject of the study were school complexes in which the heating system was changed from heating oil to ground heat pumps and a boiler house, working on fine coal, replaced by a biomass-fired boiler-house. The Levelised Cost of Heat (LCOH) method was used to assess heating costs in both facilities. In Poland, according to data for 2018, the basic carrier of renewable energy used in

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Vespasiano, Domiziana, Antonio Sgaramella, Gianluigi Lo Basso, Livio de Santoli, and Lorenzo Mario Pastore. "Hydrogen Blending in Natural Gas Grid: Energy, Environmental, and Economic Implications in the Residential Sector." Buildings 14, no. 8 (2024): 2284. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14082284.

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The forthcoming implementation of national policies towards hydrogen blending into the natural gas grid will affect the technical and economic parameters that must be taken into account in the design of building heating systems. This study evaluates the implications of using hydrogen-enriched natural gas (H2NG) blends in condensing boilers and Gas Adsorption Heat Pumps (GAHPs) in a residential building in Rome, Italy. The analysis considers several parameters, including non-renewable primary energy consumption, CO2 emissions, Levelized Cost of Heat (LCOH), and Carbon Abatement Cost (CAC). The

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Purwanto, Iwan, Dikpride Despa, and Aleksander Purba. "Technological-economic study of a unique hydrogen-based hybrid energy system for on-grid and off-grid use: Tegal-Pesawaran-Lampung Islands, Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 448 (2023): 02040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202344802040.

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Indonesia has several uninhabited islands. Lack of basic facilities like a place to eat may hinder corporate value-raising. Indonesia has unique energy issues as a developing country, but integrating new energy sources to fulfill regional demands is a viable option. This article describes a cutting-edge hydrogen-based hybrid energy system (HRES) that produces hydrogen fuel from solar-powered electrolysis and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). It is commonly known that hydrogen can store freshly generated energy until heat is introduced to turn it into electricity via fuel source pyrolysi

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Moreira, José Luciano Batista, Adriano da Silva Marques, Taynara Geysa Silva do Lago, Victor Carlos de Lima Arruda, and Monica Carvalho. "Thermoeconomic Evaluation of a High-Performance Solar Biogas Polygeneration System." Energies 17, no. 16 (2024): 4172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17164172.

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Because of the higher efficiencies achieved by polygeneration systems compared with conventional generation systems, they have been increasingly adopted to reduce the consumption of resources and consequent environmental damage. Heat dissipated by equipment can be harnessed and reused in a cascade manner. This study applies the Theory of Exergetic Cost (TEC), a thermoeconomic approach, to a high-performance polygeneration system. The system includes a biogas-fueled internal combustion engine, a water–ammonia absorption refrigeration system driven by the engine’s exhaust gases, and a set of pho

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Connolly, Christopher, Kate Taylor, Mark Bankhead, Richard Jarvis, and Jason Dean. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Heat-Assisted Hydrogen Production from Nuclear Power." New Energy Exploitation and Application 3, no. 1 (2024): 108–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.54963/neea.v3i1.234.

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To play a full role in decarbonisation, hydrogen must be produced economically at scale; the role of nuclear power is interesting to national governments as it is capable of supplying both low-carbon electricity and high-quality heat. Depending on the hydrogen production technology choice, a plant may require electricity and/or heat input. This techno-economic evaluation considers not only the costs of the hydrogen plant itself but also the costs of the power supply it requires. This paper calculates cost estimates for HTSE (High Temperature Steam Electrolysis) coupled with nuclear heat and el

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Pascual, Sara, Pilar Lisbona, and Luis M. Romeo. "Thermal Energy Storage in Concentrating Solar Power Plants: A Review of European and North American R&D Projects." Energies 15, no. 22 (2022): 8570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228570.

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Thermal energy storage (TES) is the most suitable solution found to improve the concentrating solar power (CSP) plant’s dispatchability. Molten salts used as sensible heat storage (SHS) are the most widespread TES medium. However, novel and promising TES materials can be implemented into CSP plants within different configurations, minimizing the TES costs and increasing the working temperature to improve the thermal performance of the associated power block. The first objective of this review is to provide an overview of the most widespread CSP technologies, TES technologies and TES-CSP config

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Williams, Andrew, and Murray Thomson. "Significance of Insulation and Heat Pumps in Decarbonising the UK." Journal of Energy and Power Technology 05, no. 01 (2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/jept.2301003.

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This paper examines the economic case for the UK to proceed urgently with the installation of thermal insulation and heat pumps in most UK buildings, in the context of the legal requirement to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by 2050. A recent study by the same authors assumed that such insulation and heat pumps would be in place, and showed how the whole of the UK’s energy demand could be met by low carbon electricity generation and appropriate storage. This paper extends the modelling to consider the risk that insulation is not widely installed, fossil gas boilers are retired (as they must

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