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1
Eslami, Nassim, and Björn Steinrötter. "Lex fori-Prinzip – Diskussionsbericht." Zeitschrift für Zivilprozess 129, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zzp-2016-0407.
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Lando, Ole. "Lex Fori in Foro Proprio." Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law 2, no. 4 (December 1995): 359–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1023263x9500200404.
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Mimoso, Maria Joao. "The myth of absence of lex fori towards the international arbitrator." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (March 22, 2017): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v3i4.1578.
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The national and foreign doctrines uphold the absence of lex fori for the international arbitrator since the origin of the international arbitration. Our goal is to emphasize the demand of electing a lex fori for the international arbitrator for as much there is a collection of issues concerning the intervention of the State Courts in the role of arbitration support. The lex fori, that is supposed to inquire, will assist the arbitrator in determining the applicable law to the dignity of the dispute, and will regulate, undoubtedly, the litigation issues of arbitration. Based on the predominately upheld position in the doctrine, we will provide evidence to the specific limitations of the most aimed efficacy of the arbitration decisions. We will demonstrate through the jurisprudential (arbitration) analysis the necessity of appealing to the State Courts, excelling their contribution for the arbitration success. For the international arbitrator, the focus of the arbitration in the quality of lex fori comes up as important. We will draft its potential regulation capacities while cohesive juridical system, mainly in the dissension subsystem, the principles and proceeding rules, without forgetting the legitimacy to apply other transnational system rules To deny the existence of a lex fori to the international arbitrator is a redundancy, for, beyond the arbitrator having a lordship, the arbitration court also has a lex fori.Keywords: arbitration; arbitrator; international; lex fori
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Brinkmann, Moritz. "Das lex fori-Prinzip und Alternativen." Zeitschrift für Zivilprozess 129, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 461–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zzp-2016-0406.
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Clarkson, C. M. V. "Marriage in England: favouring the lex fori." Legal Studies 10, no. 1 (March 1990): 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1990.tb00030.x.
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The orthodox rules on validity of marriage at common law are that formal validity of marriage is governed by the lex loci celebrationis and essential validity of marriage (or capacity to marry) is governed by the personal law, ie the law of domicile. Neither the lex loci celebrationis nor the lex fori ought to have any interest in such questions of essential validity.According to such orthodoxy there are two rules of English law that are suspect and in need of reconsideration. First, there is (arguably) the rule that the parties to a marriage do not need to have capacity to marry by the lex loci celebrationis when they marry abroad but do need such capacity when the marriage takes place in England. The second rule subject to attack is the notorious ‘exception’ based on Sottomayer v de Barros (No 2)2 which allows a foreign incapacity to be ignored when an English domiciliary marries in England, but not when the marriage takes place abroad.
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ÖZEL, Sibel. "Milletlerarası Özel Hukukta Uygulanacak Hukukun Lex Fori Esasına Göre Belirlenmesi." Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 28, no. 2 (December 21, 2022): 962–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.33433/maruhad.1172152.
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Lex fori terimi uyuşmazlığa bakan mahkemenin hukukunu, bir başka ifadeyle forum devletinin hukukunu işaret etmektedir. Milletlerarası özel hukukta genel kural usulî meselelere lex fori’nin uygulanması, buna karşılık esasa uygulanan hukukun bir bağlama kuralı aracılığıyla belirlenmesidir ki bu hukuk yabancı bir hukuk olabileceği gibi lex fori de olabilir. Kanunlar ihtilafı hukukunda lex fori’nin esasa uygulanacak hukuku belirleyen genel bir kural olması yaklaşımı kabul edilmemektedir; bununla birlikte lex fori’nin uygulanmasına imkân tanıyan milletlerarası özel hukuk yöntemleri bulunmaktadır. Uygulanacak hukuk forum devletinin kamu düzeni ile çatışıyorsa, o hukuk uygulanmaz; yerine lex fori uygulanır. Her devletin siyasi, sosyal ve ekonomik yapısını koruyan müdahaleci kuralları bulunmaktadır ve bu maddi hukuk kuralları, kapsama alanındaki bütün meselelere uygulanacak hukuk ne olursa olsun doğrudan uygulanırlar. Renvoi lex fori’nin uygulandığı bir başka yöntemdir. Yetkili yabancı hukukun kanunlar ihtilafı kuralları lex fori’ye iade atıf yaptığında, forum devletinin hâkimi bu atfı kabul ederek kendi hukukunu uygulayacaktır. Forum devleti mahkemesi uygulanacak yabancı hukukun içeriğinin tespit edilememesi halinde de kendi hukukuna göre hüküm verecektir. Bunun dışında modern kanunlar tek taraflı kanunlar ihtilafı kuralları getirerek lex fori’nin uygulanmasını sağlamaktadır. Belirli durumlarda bu kural sadece politik bir tercihe dayanmaktadır. Bu makale milletlerarası özel hukukta lex fori’nin uygulanmasının artık milliyetçi ya da şovenist bir yaklaşım olarak kabul edilmediğini öne sürmektedir. İsviçre Milletlerarası Özel Hukuk Kanunu ile kıyaslandığında MÖHUK’un lex fori’yi daha fazla konuda esas almamış olması eleştiriye açıktır.
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Králik, Dominik. "Lex societatis vs. lex fori concursus v rakúskom medzinárodnom práve súkromnom." AUC IURIDICA 2019, no. 3 (September 19, 2019): 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23366478.2019.35.
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Jovanović, Stefan. "The law applicable to objective arbitrability: 'Lex fori', 'lex arbitri' and their alternatives." Pravo i privreda 59, no. 3 (2021): 397–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pip2103397j.
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Bearing in mind that there is no uniform solution to the issue of arbitrability of the subject matter of a dispute in international conventions and the Model Law, as well as that different national legislations solve this issue in different ways, the great importance of correctly determining the applicable law for objective arbitrability is noticed. The paper first analyses the lex fori and lex arbitri as classic points of attachment, and then their alternatives such as the lex causae for contract, the place of potential enforcement of the award and the law applicable to the material validity of the arbitration agreement, as well as the proposal to abandon the collision technique. After concluding that for several reasons it is inadequate to apply the law applicable to the arbitration agreement to this issue, and that it is still early to consider that there is an autonomous notion of arbitrability from the New York Convention, the author recognizes that the definition of objective arbitrability encompasses several aspects. Accordingly, for each of them it is necessary to determine separately the applicable law.
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Riedemann, Susanne. "BGH, Anfechtbarkeit der Aufrechnungslage nach der lex fori concursus." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Insolvenzrecht 29, no. 1 (December 3, 2018): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dwir-2018-0149.
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Sailer, Hansjörg. "Reichweite des Lex-fori-Grundsatzes im Rahmen der EuBVO." Juristische Blätter 133, no. 8 (August 2011): 527–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00503-011-0018-9.
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Verbist, Herman. "Arbitrability of Exclusive Distributorship Agreements in Belgium: Lex Fori (and Lex Contractus)?" Journal of International Arbitration 22, Issue 5 (October 1, 2005): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2005027.
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Rodger, Barry J. "Ascertaining the Statutory Lex Loci Delicti: Certain Difficulties Under the Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 47, no. 1 (January 1998): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589300061625.
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The Private International Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 1995 introduced major reform to the common law choice of rule in delict/tort under Scots/English law respectively. To all intents and purposes, and in the face of sustained and strong criticism, the Act abandoned the common law rules based on double actionability with exceptions. The primary rule under the statute would appear to state that the applicable law is to be based on the general concept of the lex loci delicti. It is of some significance for the analysis here that the statute does not in fact utilise that Latin expression as it is indeed unclear that the expression has any technical meaning. Indeed, the provisions of the Act seek, but in the end fail, to achieve a greater degree of certainty than that rather nebulous though “right-minded” concept. Significantly, a principal objective of the reforms was to ensure that the lex fori no longer played a primary role in choice of law for delictual/tortious claims in private international law. Of course, doubts remain as to the likelihood of direct resort to the lex fori via potential escape devices provided for in the Act The two most likely stages for this arise during characterisation and later when the lex fori may be applied qua public policy.
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Green, Michael S. "Legal Realism, Lex Fori, and the Choice-of-Law Revolution." Yale Law Journal 104, no. 4 (January 1995): 967. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/797110.
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Arfazadeh, H. "Arbitrability under the New York Convention: the Lex Fori Revisited." Arbitration International 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2001): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1008994201415.
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Douglas, Michael. "Characterisation of a foreign maritime lien by the lex fori." Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal 17, no. 1 (January 2, 2017): 152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14729342.2017.1342756.
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Mimoso, Maria Joao. "The myth of absence of lex fori towards the international arbitrator." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 4 (March 22, 2017): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjhss.v3i4.1578.
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Polshkova, M. I. "Insolvency statute and lex fori concursus as a main connecting factor." Courier of Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL)), no. 3 (June 14, 2021): 178–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2311-5998.2021.79.3.178-189.
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Carter, P. B. "Choice of Law in Tort: The Role of the Lex Fori." Cambridge Law Journal 54, no. 1 (March 1995): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300083124.
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van de Velden, Jacob. "I. THE ‘CAUTIOUS LEX FORI’ APPROACH TO FOREIGN JUDGMENTS AND PRECLUSION." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 61, no. 2 (April 2012): 519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002058931200005x.
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If from the imperfect evidence of foreign law produced before it, or its misapprehension of the effect of that evidence, a mistake is made by an English court, it is much to be lamented, but the tribunal is free from blame.1 The mistake to be lamented presently is the High Court decision in Yukos Capital Sarl v OJSC Rosneft Oil Co2 that a Dutch judgment3 gave rise to an issue estoppel in English proceedings, precluding a party from disputing as a fact the partiality and dependence of the Russian judiciary.4 The decision was a mistake because on a proper construction of Dutch law the significance of the Dutch judgment was—if anything—evidential, not preclusive.5 The outcome is lamentable, because a party was unduly shut out from litigation by the application of English preclusion law to a foreign judgment that was not preclusive in the jurisdiction where it was originally given.6
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Espiniella Menéndez, Ángel. "Ley aplicable a las acciones concursales de reintegración (comentario a la STJUE de 8 de junio de 2017, Vinlys Italia) = Applicable law to reintegration actionsin insolvency proceedings (commentary to CJUE judgment 8 June 2017 Vinlys Italia)." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 11, no. 1 (March 11, 2019): 739. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2019.4645.
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Resumen: en el Asunto Vinyls Italia, el TJUE recuerda que la ley rectora del concurso no es base suficiente para revocar un contrato perjudicial para el conjunto de los acreedores, si la contratante prueba que la ley rectora de tal contrato no permite su impugnación. Entre los aciertos de la Sentencia, destaca que esta excepción no debe amparar prácticas fraudulentas, además de que su tramitación procesal debe hacerse conforme a la lex fori. No obstante, la Sentencia presenta serias dudas al obviar que la determinación de la ley rectora del contrato, y su carácter internacional, deben hacerse por el Reglamento Roma I y no por el Reglamento europeo de insolvencia. También es dudosa la remisión a la lex fori para la posible aplicación de oficio de esta excepción; más bien debería jugar a instancia de parte de acuerdo con una interpretación literal y finalista del Reglamento europeo de insolvencia.Palabras clave: acciones concursales de reintegración, ley aplicable, ley rectora del concurso, ley rectora del contrato, tramitación procesalAbstract: in Vinyls Italy Case, the CJEU reminds that the law governing the insolvency proceeding is not a sufficient basis to revoke a contract detrimental to all creditors, if the contracting party provides proof that the law governing that contract does not allow its revocation. One of the hits of the Judgment is that this defense should not cover fraudulent practices, as well as procedural aspects shall be governed by lex fori. However, the Judgment presents serious doubts when it obviates that the determination of the law governing the contract, and its international consideration, shall be made by the Rome I Regulation and not by the European Insolvency Regulation. The reference to the lex fori is also doubtful in relation with the possible ex officio application of this defense; rather, that defense should play at the request of a party according to a literal and final interpretation of the European Insolvency Regulation.Keywords: reintegration actions, applicable law, law governing insolvency proceedings, law governing the contract, procedure
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Bagan-Kurluta, Katarzyna. "Qualification of Concepts and its Problems in Cases with Foreign Element in Poland and the United Kingdom." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 32, no. 1 (May 1, 2013): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2013-0004.
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Abstract Qualification is the basic instrument used in the process of application of the law. It is impossible to apply the law without conducting it. The main internal source of collision law in Poland, Act of private international law dated February 4th, 2011, does not specify how to carry on the process of the qualification, and doctrine is of the opinion that the Polish court applying foreign law should interpret the foreign concepts according to the rules of this law and give them such meanings as this law assigns to them. But also there are four doctrinal proposals concerning methods of qualification. The first one (with various modifications) is relatively popular in a number of countries, while the Polish doctrine has the greatest respect for the latter: 1) lex fori approach, 2) lex causae approach, 3) autonomous method and 4) functional method (or collision lex fori approach). The English judge applying the rules derived from his own internal law remembers about the function of private international law - and therefore takes into account the rules and institutions adopted in the foreign laws. That is application of lex fori approach modified because of the function of collision law, indeed reminiscent of a functional method. However, due to the lack of a uniform approach to qualification and identification of the only way to proceed by the doctrine and case law, it is permissible to move away from the use of this method. For instance it is possible to use the lex causae approach, if it leads to an equitable solution. Lack of regulation of qualification gives a person applying the law a freedom, but at the same time leads to uncertainty about the effects.
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Basuki, Zulfa Djoko. "Teori-Teori Umum Hukum Perdata Internasional yang Dapat Mengesampingkan Berlakunya Hukum Asing dengan Memberlakukan Hukum Nasional Sang Hakim." Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan 26, no. 3 (June 29, 1996): 202. http://dx.doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol26.no3.508.
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Penulis artikel ini membahas teori-teori umum Hukum Perdata Internasional yang dapat mengesampingkan berlakunya hukum asing dengan memberlakukan hukum nasional. Penulismembahas faktor-faktor yang dapat mengenyampingkan berlakunya hukum asing di Indonesia,yang antara lain adalah berlentangan dengan "ketertiban umum ", dilakukannya kualifikasiberdasarkan "lex fori", pemakaian hukum asing sebagai "penyelundupan hukum", dan penggunaan asas "lex rei sitae". Penulis juga mengajukan contoh-contoh kasus sebagai ilustrasi pembahasan masalah.
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Frigessi di Rattalma, Marco. "Avoidance Actions under Article 13 EC Insolvency Regulation: An Italian View." European Company Law 6, Issue 1 (February 1, 2009): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eucl2009005.
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Council Regulation (EC) No. 1346/2000 of 29 May 2000 (the Insolvency Regulation) is as a general rule based on the lex fori. The Regulation does however contain some exceptions to this rule. One of these is found in Article 13 that may be invoked in so–called avoidance actions.
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Václav W. Dvorský. "Międzydzielnicowe prawo prywatne w międzywojennych Polsce i Czechosłowacji." Forum Prawnicze, no. 5(61) (October 28, 2020): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32082/fp.v0i5(61).454.
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W latach międzywojennych istniało w Polsce i w Czechosłowacji wiele obszarów prawnych. W artykułe opisano, jak sobie te państwa radziły z tym problem oraz z jakim skutkiem próbowały go rozwiązać. Przedstawiono system międzydzielnicowego prawa, tj. praw, które w tych państwach obowiązywały, a przede wszystkim porównano łączniki, które wskazywały prawo właściwe, jak np. lex fori, rei sitae.
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Akhtar, Zia. "Conflict of Laws, Choice of the Forum Court in the us, and the Due Process in Family Law Disputes." International and Comparative Law Review 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 184–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/iclr-2021-0007.
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Summary In the United States (US) the family law litigant will have to consider the implications of laws that are federally recognised and those which the state embodies in its own family law statutes. The function of the equal protection clause and due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution protects the parties in family disputes that reach the court. The operation of the Full Faith and Credit Clause is an important consideration and is central to the question if the court can apply the law of the forum court (lex fori) or that of the state where the dispute emanated. The federal constitution allows the state courts to apply marriage laws of another state. If the issue is procedural, then the law of the state will be applied where the dispute that gave rise to the litigation (lex loci). This paper examines the interstate in family law by considering marriages, child custody, and adoption rules and it enquires whether the courts have been sufficiently consistent in interpreting family law of the state in accordance with Article IV, Section 1. There is also a section that compares the law in the US with the application of the lex fori rules in family cases in the Scottish jurisdiction and how that influences parties in family law disputes.
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KOSTSOV, V. N. "NATURE OF LEGAL RELIEF THROUGH THE LENS OF INTERNATIONAL CIVIL PROCEDURE." Herald of Civil Procedure 11, no. 4 (October 20, 2021): 179–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.24031/2226-0781-2021-11-4-179-228.
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The paper argues that legal relief should be treated as a complex notion that has both substantive and procedural dimensions. This argument is illustrated by reference to international disputes as a situation where legal classification has immediate practical consequences. Building on this argument, the paper concludes that courts and tribunals have to apply both substantive and procedural laws when resolving issues pertaining to legal relief. The purpose of each particular legal rule should be decisive to determine its legal nature, while other approaches to legal classification, such as textual interpretation of legal rules, are open to criticism. The paper also reviews a number of practical cases which could be resolved based on the suggested approach to legal classification. In particular, it is argued that the mixed classification of legal relief is helpful to address potential conflicts between remedies available under foreign substantive law and the procedural apparatus of the forum court (lex fori). This approach is also potentially efficient in the context of transnational enforcement of arbitral awards and state court judgments, and in particular it can be used to justify the power of the enforcing court to adapt the relief ordered by the foreign award or judgment to the procedural tradition of lex fori.
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Goldsworth, John Graham. "Private foundations and the conflict of laws." Trusts & Trustees 25, no. 6 (July 1, 2019): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tandt/ttz011.
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Abstract The straightforward nature of private foundations compared with trusts may not be apparent where a private foundation is formed under one jurisdiction’s laws but administered elsewhere if the lex fori introduces concepts that are unforeseen at the time that the private foundation is entered into. This possibility should be guarded against by an examination both of the private foundation’s constitutional documents and the conflict of law rules of a likely forum to hear disputes.
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Novikova, T. V. "Legal Ground of Choice of Law Agreement Permissibility in International Commercial Arbitration." Rossijskoe pravosudie 7 (June 26, 2020): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2020.7.23-30.
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Problem statement. Specific nature of international commercial arbitration raises an issue whether in this case lex fori is capable to be the ground of choice of law agreement permissibility. Topicality of the issue is determined by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation explanation of 09 July 2019 to courts referring issues of choice of law permissibility to lex fori. Goals and tasks of the research. Goal – research of legal ground of choice of law permissibility in international commercial arbitration. Tasks: to study the ICAC approaches to choice of law acknowledgement; to advance a hypothesis on the influence of explanation by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in respect of article 1210 of the Russian Federation Civil Code to the ICAC practice and to draw a conclusion on the international commercial arbitration «procedural documents» provisions as the ground for it to acknowledge choice of law agreement. Methods. Methods of formal logic play a key role: analysis of the ICAC practice permitted to distinguish three approaches to choice of law agreement permissibility grounding; induction of ratio decidendi of the ICAC separate decisions – to draw a conclusion on the article 1210 of the Russian Federation Civil Code influence to the ICAC practice in general and on this basis to advance a hypothesis on possible influence of explanations by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in this respect; comparison of the international commercial arbitration rules – to draw a conclusion that these provisions are the ground of choice of law acknowledgement by the tribunal. Results, brief conclusion. Firstly, three approaches of the ICAC to the choice of law agreement permissibility grounding have been revealed and in each them the ICAC relies on the article 1210 of the Russian Federation Civil Code. As far as the article 1210 has an impact on choice of law permissibility grounding within the ICAC, explanations by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in respect of this article are capable to have a possible impact on the ICAC practice. Secondly, within the international commercial arbitration the choice of law agreement permissibility grounding should be based on provisions of its «procedural documents», e. g. national law on international commercial arbitration, rules of institutional arbitration or ad hoc arbitral tribunal, – these rules (but not conflict of laws addressed to courts of the state of the arbitration seat) could be considered as its peculiar lex fori.
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Novikova, T. V. "Identification by the Сourt of Choice of Law Agreement Permissibility and Validity (in the Light of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation Plenum Explanation of 9 July 2019)." Rossijskoe pravosudie 3 (February 21, 2020): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2020.3.5-13.
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Problem statement. Standard of choice of law by the parties to international contractual relations is set by article 1210 of the Russian Federation Civil Code, which nevertheless does not cover issues of choice of law agreement permissibility and validity. Goals and tasks of the research. Goal – analysis of legal foundation for the court to identify choice of law agreement permissibility and validity – in the light of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation plenum explanation of 09 July 2019. Tasks: review of approaches to identify choice of law agreement validity and criticism towards some of them; substantiation of delimitation made by the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation between issues of choice of law agreement permissibility and validity; substantial analysis of identification by Russian courts of choice of law agreement permissibility. Methods. Methods of theoretical research are tools of formal logic, which include: analysis of the court procedure to approve the choice of applicable law, enabling to distinguish in its frames issues of permissibility and validity of such choice; deduction of basic conflict of laws logic to the court acknowledgement of choice of law agreement permissibility – on the ground of national conflict of laws rule. Methods of empirical study are based on identification and comparison of judicial acts of arbitration and regular courts – in respect of legal ground to identify choice of law agreement permissibility. Results, brief conclusion. Three basic options of legal ground to identify choice of law agreement permissibility and validity have been elaborated by jurisprudence: law of the court (lex fori); law chosen by the agreement of parties (lex voluntatis); law applicable to the substance of relation due to the conflict of laws rule (lex voluntatis). The Supreme Court of the Russian Federation formed a combined approach making delimitation between issues of choice of law agreement permissibility and validity as well as referring the first to lex fori and the second – to lex voluntatis. Identification of choice of law agreement permissibility by Russian courts on the basis of national conflict of laws rule (article 1210 of the Russian Federation Civil Code in combination with the general provision of its article 1186) corresponds in full extent to the settled judicial practice, complies with the basic conflict of laws logic and seems to be effective.
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Barreda, Naivi Chikoc. "Entre la lex causae et les lois de police de la lex fori: quelle alternative pour la protection du logement familial dans le règlement « régimes matrimoniaux »?" European Review of Private Law 27, Issue 3 (June 1, 2019): 583–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2019029.
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The law applicable to the matrimonial property regime under Regulation 2016/1103 governs all the property relations between the spouses and with regard to third parties including the rules providing for the protection of the family home. The choice of law rules of the Regulation are based on the principle of party autonomy and on the need to ensure the predictability of the applicable law, to the detriment of the links connecting the current situation of the spouses with the law intended to govern it. Against the background of an increasing cross-border mobility, the connecting factors of the objective conflict rule, fixed at the time of the conclusion of the marriage, prove to be unsuitable with regard to the protective rules of the family home whose implementation would command the application of the law having the closest connection to the real situation of the spouses. In this context, the exceptional mechanisms consisting in the escape clause and in the overriding mandatory provisions of the lex fori are also inadequate to ensure the effectiveness of the protective measures of the family home under the lex situs.
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Bogdanova, Natalya A. "ESTABLISHING THE VALIDITY OF THE INTERNATIONAL JURISDICTION AGREEMENT ON THE BASIS OF THE LEX CAUSAE: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Pravo, no. 37 (2020): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22253513/37/11.
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The Institute of International Jurisdiction Agreement has recently been incorporated into domestic law through the adoption of the Russian Code of Arbitration Procedure on 24 July 2002 and the Russian Code of Civil Procedure on 14 November 2002. Previously, the domes-tic doctrine did not give sufficient attention to this instrument of contractual regulation of procedural relations and it was considered only to a limited extent. At present, including the adoption of the Concept of the Unified Code of Civil Procedure of the Russian Federation, which was developed for the purpose of comprehensive reform of procedural legislation, interest in international jurisdiction is growing significantly. Subordi-nation of a dispute to the jurisdiction of the court of the state whose law regulates the legal relationship between the parties from which the dispute arose significantly simplifies its reso-lution, as there is no need to establish the content of foreign law. Agreements on international jurisdiction also contribute to legal certainty between the parties. An agreement on international jurisdiction is of a complex legal nature as it has both procedural and substantive legal features. This type of agreement is at the intersection of private international law and international civil procedure law on the one hand, and civil and proce-dural law on the other. The study of the law applicable to agreements on international jurisdiction involves resolving a huge number of conflicts that arise when establishing the applicable national legal order to an aspect of an agreement. In the article, the author investigates the advantages and disadvantages of establishing the validity of an international jurisdiction agreement on the basis of the lex causae, i.e. the law applicable to the main contract with a foreign element for dispute settlement from which the parties conclude a propulsion agreement. The collision rule of the lex fori prorogati, set out in the 2005 Hague Convention and Regulation No 1215/2012 for its uniform application to the substantive validity of the agreement, does not contribute to international uniformity of decisions, since the law of the forum country referred to in the agreement as competent means not only substantive but also collision rules. As a result, the question of the applicable law to substantive validity is settled by the courts of various states on their own, and in most European law and order practice shows the application of the lex causae rather than the lex fori. The author concludes that accentuating the statute of the international jurisdiction agree-ment to the statute of the main treaty in order to resolve the question of the substantive validity of the agreement, despite the existence of certain shortcomings, is in the best interest of indi-vidual conflict interests, conflict of interests in turnover and law and order.
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Gorjón, Francisco, and Melissa Adame. "El valor intangible de la cláusula de estilo en los métodos alternos de solución de conflictos." Justicia 23, no. 34 (August 27, 2018): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17081/just.23.34.2894.
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La implementación de los métodos alternos en específico el arbitraje comercial en la solución de conflictos internacionales derivados de compromisos comerciales, es una realidad, se ha convertido en una práctica común de las lex mercatoria la introducción de cláusulas arbitrales en todo contrato, elevándose estas a ser consideradas una cláusula de estilo de todo contrato internacional, rebasando la práctica comercial e introduciéndose en todo tipo de contrato. Con reconocimiento y valides legal en todo el orbe, respaldada por la lex fori y por el ius mercatorum.
Entendiéndose esta como un contrato independiente del contrato principal, sustentado su reconocimiento por la convención de New York del 58. Es por ello que se le considera un valor intangible de los MASC en específico del arbitraje, permitiendo que las partes puedan resolver sus conflictos en un ámbito privado, como principal ganancia, valor intrínseco y rasgo distintivo de esta cláusula de estilo.
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Bauger, Erika Silvina. "La cooperación jurídica internacional en la obtención de prueba." Anales de la Facultad de Ciencias Juridicas y Sociales de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata, no. 49 (December 6, 2019): 015. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/25916386e015.
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La Cooperación Jurídica Internacional es un instituto que pertenece al Derecho Internacional Privado en general, y en particular al Derecho Procesal Transnacional. Dentro de los temas que la ocupan, y en concreto dentro del proceso civil internacional se presenta muchas veces la necesidad de diligenciar y producir una prueba en el extranjero. Las reglas de la prueba determinan qué información debe adquirir el juez para resolver el litigio y cómo ha de recogerse dicha información. Esto plantea algunos problemas referidos a la adquisición, transmisión y tratamiento de dicha información. Abordaremos el análisis definiendo el instituto de la Cooperación Jurídica Internacional para luego emprender la delimitación entre los aspectos probatorios sujetos a la lex fori y a la lex causae, para finalizar con el estudio de los problemas procedimentales que plantea la práctica de una prueba en un Estado distinto al que está conociendo en el litigio.
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Suradiyanto, Suradiyanto, and Dinny Wirawan Pratiwie. "Kajian Yuridis Unidroit Dalam Hukum Kontrak di Indonesia." Yuriska : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 12, no. 2 (September 9, 2020): 160–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/yrs.v12i2.1030.
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Tujuan dari prinsip UNIDROIT adalah untuk mengharmonisasikan hukum kontrak komersial di negara-negara yang ingin menerapkannya, sehingga materinya difokuskan pada persoalan yang dianggap netral.Ruang lingkup yang diatur oleh prinsip UNIDROIT adalah kebebasan berkontrak, mengingat asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam UNIDROIT ini berusaha untuk mengakomodasikan berbagai kepentingan yang diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi persoalan perbedaan sistem hukum dan kepentingan perekonomian lainnya.Kaidah-kaidah hukum memaksa (mandatory rules) yang diberlakukan oleh negara dalam hukum nasionalnya, atau untuk melaksanakan suatu konvensi internasional atau yang digunakan oleh sebuah organisasi internasional, tidak dapat dikesampingkan oleh asas-asas UNIDROIT.Bila para pihak memasukkan prinsip-prinsip UNIDROIT sebagai syarat dalam kontrak maka syarat-syarat itu tidak dapat mengesampingkan kaidah memaksa dari lex causae atau lex fori negara ketiga yang memiliki kaitan yang erat dengan kontrak.Bila (khususnya dalam proses arbitrase) asas-asas UNIDROIT diberlakukan sebagai hukum yang berlaku, maka UNIDROIT tidak dapat mengesampingkan kaidah-kaidah memaksa dari sistem hukum yang seharusnya berlaku berdasarkan pendekatan Hukum Perdata Internasional (HPI).
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Suradiyanto and Dinny Wiirawan Pratiwie. "Kajian Yuridis Unidroit Dalam Hukum Kontrak di Indonesia." Yuriska : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 12, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 60–178. http://dx.doi.org/10.24903/yrs.v12i2.1378.
Full textAbstract:
Tujuan dari prinsip UNIDROIT adalah untuk mengharmonisasikan hukum kontrak komersial di negara-negara yang ingin menerapkannya, sehingga materinya difokuskan pada persoalan yang dianggap netral. Ruang lingkup yang diatur oleh prinsip UNIDROIT adalah kebebasan berkontrak, mengingat asas kebebasan berkontrak dalam UNIDROIT ini berusaha untuk mengakomodasikan berbagai kepentingan yang diharapkan dapat memberikan solusi persoalan perbedaan sistem hukum dan kepentingan perekonomian lainnya. Kaidah-kaidah hukum memaksa (mandatory rules) yang diberlakukan oleh negara dalam hukum nasionalnya, atau untuk melaksanakan suatu konvensi internasional atau yang digunakan oleh sebuah organisasi internasional, tidak dapat dikesampingkan oleh asas-asas UNIDROIT. Bila para pihak memasukkan prinsip-prinsip UNIDROIT sebagai syarat dalam kontrak maka syarat-syarat itu tidak dapat mengesampingkan kaidah memaksa dari lex causae atau lex fori negara ketiga yang memiliki kaitan yang erat dengan kontrak. Bila (khususnya dalam proses arbitrase) asas-asas UNIDROIT diberlakukan sebagai hukum yang berlaku, maka UNIDROIT tidak dapat mengesampingkan kaidah-kaidah memaksa dari sistem hukum yang seharusnya berlaku berdasarkan pendekatan Hukum Perdata Internasional (HPI).
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Zivanic, Aleksandar. "Zum kollisionsrechtlichen Umgang mit sachenrechtlichen Eigentumsvermutungen aus dem Besitz." Juridica International 30 (October 13, 2021): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/ji.2021.30.11.
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A presumption is made in the favour of the possessor of a movable thing that he is the owner of the thing, and likewise it is presumed that a former possessor was the owner during the term of his possession. However, legal presumptions such as those behind the German Civil Code’s §1006, subsections 1 and 2 (or §90 of the Estonian Law of Property Act) are shifting the burden of proof to the other party, the one who is not or was not the possessor of the movable. The paper examines the attendant issues with regard to conflict of laws, with the conclusion that it remains unclear whether legal presumptions arising from possession should be qualified by the lex rei sitae doctrine (per the Introductory Act to the German Civil Code, Article 43, Subsection 1), instead as ‘rights over an object’ (under that article’s Subsection 2), or in line with procedural regulations (lex fori).
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Sim, Cameron. "CHOICE OF LAW AND ANTI-SUIT INJUNCTIONS: RELOCATING COMITY." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 62, no. 3 (July 2013): 703–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589313000237.
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AbstractEnglish private international law generally gives a potential role, where appropriate, to foreign law, by allowing for the application of choice of law rules to determine its relevance. Yet in the context of anti-suit injunctions granted otherwise than in aid of a contractual right not to be sued, choice of law is conspicuously absent. In those cases, courts simply apply the lex fori without paying any regard to foreign law, although the notion of comity is taken into account in the final decision on whether to grant anti-suit relief. Clearer identification of the grounds for granting such relief should limit application of the lex fori to instances where the anti-suit injunction serves as a form of ancillary relief to protect the judicial processes of the forum, and in which comity plays no role. In all other cases, which ultimately concern private justice between the parties, comity is best understood as an expression of justice in cases involving foreign elements, and better reflected through choice of law rules, which might lead to the application of foreign law. This approach is preferable to invoking comity as a consideration relating to the manner in which the court regulates the grant of anti-suit relief, because courts tend to bestow rights, which parties may not otherwise have, under the cloak of comity. Understanding comity as the catalyst for taking account of foreign law assuages concerns about interfering with foreign courts, acts as a deterrent to remedy shopping, and provides greater certainty as regards the vindication of rights. The case for widening the application of choice of law in this context does not depend on Rome II, but if the principle is accepted, courts must follow the process which it specifies.
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Alomar Martín, Carmen Dolores. "Alegación y prueba del Derecho extranjero: comentario a la sentencia del Tribunal Supremo de 21 de julio de 2021." CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 14, no. 1 (March 4, 2022): 560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2022.6698.
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La alegación y prueba del Derecho extranjero ha dado lugar a una ingente cantidad de pronunciamientos por parte de nuestros juzgados y tribunales, así como a numerosas aportaciones doctrinales. Si bien, siguen suscitándose los mismos problemas, especialmente los relativos a la carga de la prueba y el papel que deben desempeñar los órganos jurisdiccionales en esta materia. En este trabajo se aborda la sentencia del Tribunal Supremo de 20 de julio de 2021, en la que se mantiene el carácter facultativo de la intervención de los órganos jurisdiccionales en la prueba del Derecho extranjero, al tiempo que nos ofrece unas consideraciones acerca de los medios probatorios, especialmente del informe pericial, que conducen casi inexorablemente a la aplicación de la lex fori.
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Folkard, Joshua. "THE EFFECT OF ROME II ON NATIONAL PROCEDURAL LAW." Cambridge Law Journal 74, no. 1 (March 2015): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197315000215.
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AT common law, in cases where the substantive claim is governed by foreign law, questions of procedure are nonetheless governed by the lex fori. In the context of damages, although the existence of damage is a question for the lex causae, its quantification and assessment is determined according to the law of the forum (Boys v Chaplin [1971] A.C. 356). The distinction between substance and procedure is preserved by Article 1(3) of Council Regulation (EC) No 864/2007 (“Rome II”) which provides, with certain exceptions, that Rome II “shall not apply to evidence and procedure”. That rule is, however, qualified by Article 15, which requires the law applicable under the Regulation (i.e. “the law applicable to non-contractual obligations”) to govern, inter alia, “the existence, the nature and the assessment of damage or the remedy claimed” (Article 15(c)). The decision of the Court of Appeal in Wall v Mutuelle De Poitiers Assurances [2014] EWCA Civ 138; [2014] 3 All E.R. 340 concerns the definition of “procedure” in Article 1(3) and the meaning of “applicable law” in Article 15(c). It raises the important question of how far Rome II has encroached on the traditional view of national procedural autonomy in the conflict of laws.
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Pauker, Saar A. "Substance and procedure in international arbitration." Arbitration International 36, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 3–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arbint/aiaa005.
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Abstract The distinction between substance and procedure in private international law has been subject to extensive debates among national courts and scholarly writings. The basic theme that procedural issues are governed by the lex fori, and substantive issues are subject to the lex causae, is widely accepted, although the boundaries between substance and procedure are not always clear. This article examines the application of the distinction between substance and procedure in the area of international arbitration, as regards both commercial cases and investment treaty disputes. It is argued that the distinction between substance and procedure has significant ramifications in international arbitration. The central (though not the only) aim of this distinction refers to the determination of the rules to be applied to borderline issues, such as evidentiary matters, interest, and limitation rules. Arbitral tribunals should have a considerable level of discretion in drawing the distinction. Specified points of guidance are suggested for common grayzone questions. Although the general principles concerning the substance/procedure distinction are similar in investment treaty arbitration and international commercial arbitration, material points of difference, such as the key role of public international law, may somewhat narrow the investment treaty tribunals’ discretion in respect of drawing the distinction.
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Hartley, Trevor C. "‘LIBEL TOURISM’ AND CONFLICT OF LAWS." International and Comparative Law Quarterly 59, no. 1 (January 2010): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020589309990029.
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AbstractThis article considers the problem of ‘libel tourism’ (forum shopping in transnational libel cases) from the point of view of English and EU law (both relevant in certain situations). If proceedings are brought in a forum having no real connection with the case, and if the lex fori is applied, free speech in other countries could be undermined. This is particularly a problem where the case is brought in England, because of the pro-claimant slant of English libel law. The article notes when English conflicts law is applicable and when EU conflicts law is applicable, and explains the English and EU law regarding choice of law, jurisdiction and forum non conveniens in order to assess whether there is a genuine problem. It concludes that there is, particularly with regard to the Internet. Possible solutions are suggested.
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Čolović, Vladimir Ž. "NORME NEPOSREDNE PRIMENE I JAVNI POREDAK." Strani pravni život 66, no. 3 (November 1, 2022): 349–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.56461/spz_22301kj.
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Norme neposredne primene predstavljaju norme koje se direktno primenjuju na pravni odnos sa elementom inostranosti. To su samoograničavajuće norme, koje isključuju primenu kolizionih normi i one, unapred, definišu polje sopstvene primene. Navedene norme su jače od normi javnog poretka. Kad govorimo o primeni normi neposredne primene, govorimo, pre svega, o normama države u kojoj se rešava pravni odnos, što znači da se u njihovoj primeni polazi od lex fori kao kriterijuma. Međutim, postavlja se pitanje i šireg shvatanja ovih normi, odnosno njihove primene kada su sastavni deo pravnog poretka države, čije je pravo određeno kao merodavno, odnosno države koja je blisko povezana sa pravnim odnosom u pitanju. U radu se posvećuje pažnja regulisanju ovih normi u propisima Republike Srbije i pojedinih država, kao i u aktima EU. Posebno se posvećuje pažnja razlikovanju ovih normi od instituta javnog poretka.
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PUCHKOV, V. O. "ALIENS AS INTERNATIONAL CIVIL PROCEDURE ACTORS IN RUSSIAN AND U.S. LAW: THE ISSUE OF INTERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL LITIGATION." Herald of Civil Procedure 10, no. 6 (January 25, 2021): 193–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.24031/2226-0781-2020-10-6-193-223.
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The article examines the issue of the procedural status of various aliens (individuals and legal entities, international organizations and states) in the international civil procedure of Russia and the United States of America. The author comes to conclusion that the determination of the composition of the parties of international commercial dispute (as well as the qualification of their claims and forms of legal protection) should be determined on the basis of lex (processualis) causae, reflecting the essence of the substantive disputed relationship and the peculiarities of its qualifications from the point of view of national law. The study analyzes the features of the procedural position of specific categories of actors (individuals and legal entities, international organizations and states), as well as persons facilitating justice in international commercial disputes. The article states that the limits of foreign procedural law application to the procedural status of an alien in Russian civil proceedings is mediated by his connection with the essence of the substantive disputed relationship. Depending on the nature of such a connection, the author proposes to divide aliens as actors of international civil procedure into two groups: persons directly related to the disputed legal relationship and, therefore, subordinate lex processualis personalis (parties, third parties and their representatives) and persons, communication which with a controversial legal relationship is of an indirect nature and the procedural status of which is therefore regulated by lex fori (witnesses, experts, specialists and translators). Also, the study pays attention to the problems of jurisdictional immunity of a foreign state and conflict aspects of fraudulent joinder.
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Rogerson, Pippa. "CHOICE OF LAW-NOTICE OF ASSIGNMENT." Cambridge Law Journal 60, no. 1 (March 2001): 1–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197301640613.
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IT is not often that those of us who toil in one of the remotest vineyards of legal academe are rewarded. Choice of law questions over intangible property rarely seem to trouble the courts, though there are many issues of considerable intellectual interest which also raise hugely important practical implications. Maybe the area is just too difficult or perhaps all concerned are crossing their fingers that the harsh winds of a judgment will not rock the vine and bruise their fine crop (illustrated by angst following Macmillan Inc. v. Bishopsgate Investment Trust plc (No. 3) [1996] 1 W.L.R. 387). Questions such as the way in which notice must be given to an insurer when the benefit of the policy is assigned must be an everyday practicality. The consequences of giving notice improperly ought to keep some people awake at night. When so much business is done cross-border it seems astounding that the choice of law rule is almost untouched by judicial pronouncement since Le Feuvre v. Sullivan (1855) 10 Moo. P.C. 1; 14 Eng. Rep. 389, Lee v. Abdy (1886) 17 Q.B.D. 309 and the like over one hundred years ago. Raiffeisen Zentralbank Osterreich AG v. Five Star General Trading LLC [2000] 1 All E.R. (Comm) 897 raised precisely this issue. Is the notice to be given in the manner required by: (i) the lex fori; (ii) the law of the contract of assignment of the benefit of the insurance; (iii) the lex situs of the policy; or (iv) the law of the contract of insurance? Is this question proprietary or contractual?
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Polshkova, M. I. "Confl ict Regulation of Debtor’s Transactions Invalidity in Cross-Border Insolvency." Actual Problems of Russian Law 16, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2021.122.1.147-155.
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Given the lack of proper legal regulation of both cross-border insolvency in general and the invalidity of transactions in cross-border insolvency in the Russian law, the author analyzes Russian judicial practice revealing the problem of determining applicable law in challenging the debtor’s transactions in the framework of the insolvency procedure. The author concludes that the Russian judicial practice shows that determination of the law applicable to the invalidity of transactions is contingent on the existence of a bankruptcy procedure and on the grounds for recognizing the transaction as invalid. Based on the analysis of the European regulation of legal issues applicable when challenging the debtor’s transactions in cross-border insolvency, the author considers possible exceptions to the conflict of laws lex fori concursus for certain categories of third parties to be protected from unexpected interference in the legal relationship of the parties to foreign law in order to ensure the stability of the turnover and maintain legal certainty.
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Denison, M. J. "Force majeure clauses in LNG sales and purchase agreements: how do they stand up during the Covid-19 pandemic?*." Journal of World Energy Law & Business 14, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jwelb/jwab011.
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Abstract During the Covid-19 pandemic companies have declared force majeure on contracts across the energy value chain. LNG Sales and Purchase Agreements (SPAs) are no exception. Courts in several jurisdictions have declared Covid-19 a force majeure event. Governments have issued guidelines on managing Covid-related contract disputes. The stage is set for high-value litigation turning on the validity of force majeure clauses. The purpose of this article is to help make sense of these developments. It will review the theory and application of the law of force majeure and, through comparison of six published LNG SPAs, ‘stress test’ current force majeure provisions. The article will consider how contractual risk is presently allocated in these model contracts, what drafting modifications might be applied to improve coverage, align with current case law, better reflect the market environment, and ensure contractual stability under Covid-19 conditions. The focus is on English law, given that this is the lex fori in the majority of the published contracts.
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Żarnowiec, Łukasz. "KOLIZYJNOPRAWNA PROBLEMATYKA MAŁŻEŃSKICH STOSUNKÓW MAJĄTKOWYCH W ŚWIETLE PRZEPISÓW NOWEJ USTAWY O P.P.M. Z 2011 R." Zeszyty Prawnicze 15, no. 1 (December 5, 2016): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/zp.2015.15.1.04.
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Conflict of Legal Issues Regarding Matrimonial Property Regimes under the New Private International Law of 2011SummaryThe conflict-of-law method for the determination of the law applicable to matrimonial property regimes under the Polish InternationalPrivate Law Act of 1965 became obsolete and no longer came up tocurrent standards and needs, and therefore required thorough revision.The most important shortfalls of the previous regulation were theexclusion of freedom of choice of the law applicable to matrimonialproperty relations, the selection of criteria recognised as objectiveconnecting factors, the excessive privilege of lex fori, and the lack ofinstruments protecting third parties entering into legal relations witha married couple.Amendments in the above-mentioned scope were introduced by theInternational Private Law Act of February 4, 2011 (Ustawa z dnia 4 lutego 2011 r. – Prawo prywatne międzynarodowe), that came into forceon May 16, 2011. However, certain provisions of the new Act haveraised doubts. This paper presents them and tries to provide a criticalassessment.
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Deltsova, N. V., U. A. Dorofeeva, M. N. Zubkova, and M. A. Tokmakov. "Application of Foreign Law in Economic Disputes and Implementation of National Interests." SHS Web of Conferences 71 (2019): 02007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20197102007.
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In the context of globalization, the question of protecting one's own national interests is becoming more acute for the state on whose territory foreign law and order is applied. The application of foreign legislation in economic disputes creates various problems and raises questions related to the establishment of the content of foreign law, which must be resolved in the context of Theoretical understanding and law enforcement practice. This study is aimed at identifying the risks of uncertainty in the application of foreign law to relations involving a foreign element in the Russian legal reality and finding ways to overcome them taking into account national interests. Special attention is paid to consideration of the Institute of non-use (limitations) of foreign law is presented in the form of rules on the application of the mandatory rules of the forum (lex fori), the reservation of public order (order public), and eliminating the use of foreign law in case of conflict.
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Voser, Nathalie. "Recent Developments on the Doctrine of Res Judicata in International Arbitration from a Swiss Perspective: A Call for a Harmonized Solution." ASA Bulletin 33, Issue 4 (December 1, 2015): 742–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/asab2015059.
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The Swiss Federal Tribunal has recently rendered three decisions addressing the issue of res judicata in the context of international arbitration, opening the door to possible developments of the doctrine of res judicata as applied in international arbitrations seated in Switzerland. This article elaborates on the Swiss Federal Tribunal's latest decisions on the topic and endeavors to challenge some of the core principles of the doctrine of res judicata as developed in the Swiss practice. The authors propose that arbitral tribunals apply the provisions of the lex arbitri (instead of Article II(3) New York Convention) when examining the requirement of recognition of a foreign state court judgment where an exceptio arbitri was raised in the first proceedings. The article also puts in question one of the key holdings of the Swiss Federal Tribunal, i.e. the application of the Swiss lex fori to the issue of res judicata by an arbitral tribunal seated in Switzerland. Rather than the strict principles of res judicata as developed by the Swiss Federal Tribunal, the authors suggest that arbitral tribunals seated in Switzerland should use their procedural discretion and develop autonomous rules which are more generally recognized and thereby seek to define the core content of the principle of res judicata. In doing so, and in the absence of internationally applicable rules, arbitral tribunals can promote harmonized principles of res judicata better designed for international arbitration than particular national rules.
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Shakargy, Sharon. "Whose law is it anyway? The case of matrimonial property in Israel." Theoretical Inquiries in Law 23, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 165–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/til-2022-0007.
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Abstract It is often argued that courts avoid foreign laws because they prefer local law. It would make sense if they did—after all, foreign law can be hard to understand and complicated to employ, and it is also . . . foreign. Aiming to investigate this assumption through a qualitative analysis of all available cases on one question and comparing the findings with the approach towards local matrimonial property cases in Israel, this Article finds something rather different. At least as regards Israeli judges discussing matrimonial property, it appears that sometimes judges do not prefer the lex fori but something else. The Article discusses one case that reveals what could be described as a judicial mutiny, where judges chose to apply neither foreign law nor local law per se. In the case of matrimonial property, a particular legal norm seems particularly close to the judges’ hearts. So much so that despite legislative intervention designed to change the judicially-shaped law, the courts continue to apply their own, judicially created law.