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Journal articles on the topic 'Lexical feature'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 9 March 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Shaba, Varteen Hanna. "Lexical Simplification: a Universal Feature of Translation." Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities 28, no. 3, 1 (2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/jtuh.28.3.1.2021.20.

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The present paper explores simplification as one feature of translation universals from English into Arabic. It aims at investigating how much the translators were aware of lexical simplification as a universal feature in the translated texts and discovering to what extent the language of translation is simple in order to preserve the meaning and information to make the translated texts more reader-friendly .this study hypothesizes that the language of translation is assumed to be lexically simpler than that of non-translated target-language texts and characterized by a low level of informatio

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Liu, Xin, Jiashan Zhao, Junping Yao, Hao Zheng, and Zhong Wang. "Sequential lexicon enhanced bidirectional encoder representations from transformers: Chinese named entity recognition using sequential lexicon enhanced BERT." PeerJ Computer Science 10 (October 18, 2024): e2344. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.2344.

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Lexicon Enhanced Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (LEBERT) has achieved great success in Chinese Named Entity Recognition (NER). LEBERT performs lexical enhancement with a Lexicon Adapter layer, which facilitates deep lexicon knowledge fusion at the lower layers of BERT. However, this method is likely to introduce noise words and does not consider the possible conflicts between words when fusing lexicon information. To address this issue, we advocate for a novel lexical enhancement method, Sequential Lexicon Enhanced BERT (SLEBERT) for the Chinese NER, which builds seque

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Mishchynska, I. "Lexical and Semantic Features of Business English." Вісник Житомирського державного університету імені Івана Франка. Філологічні науки, no. 1(87) (May 13, 2018): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/philology.1(87).2018.113-118.

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The article highlights the peculiar features of Business English. The fields of its application are determined, namely Accounting, Finance, Business Banking, Marketing etc. Lexical and semantic peculiarities of Business English are featured in the article according to various spheres of business-discourse. Peculiar features of economic discourse and business discourse are found out and analyzed in comparative aspect as they are presented in scientific literature. Economic discourse is presented in the language of economics and academic papers. Business-discourse is a functional constituent of

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Amer, Abdullah Yahya Abdullah, and Tamanna Siddiqu. "A novel algorithm for sarcasm detection using supervised machine learning approach." AIMS Electronics and Electrical Engineering 6, no. 4 (2022): 345–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/electreng.2022021.

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<abstract> <p>Sarcasm means the opposite of what you desire to express, particularly to insult a person. Sarcasm detection in social networks SNs such as Twitter is a significant task as it has assisted in studying tweets using NLP. Many existing study-related methods have always focused only on the content-based on features in sarcastic words, leaving out the lexical-based features and context-based features knowledge in isolation. This shows a loss of the semantics of terms in a sarcastic expression. This study proposes an improved model to detect sarcasm from SNs. We used three

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Slobodyan, Olena. "Native Geographical Terminology in Ukrainian East Slobozhansk Dialects of Luhansk Region (general structural and semantic characteristics)." Linguistics, no. 1 (42) (2020): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2631-2020-1-42-50-57.

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Geographical native lexicon is one of the fragments of linguistic worldview, which reflects both common and specific ideas in the folk’s perception of the environment. Features of the nationally biased units each person perceives and classifies individually, nevertheless there is a lot of common in their worldview. Thematic justification connected with geographical names led to the rich terminology in Slavic languages. For this reason, linguists are interested in above mention lexical units. Geographically native lexicon of the Ukrainian East-Slobozhansk dialects in Lugansk region has never be

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Bentea, Anamaria, and Stephanie Durrleman. "Person Matters: Relative Clauses in the Acquisition of French." Isogloss. Open Journal of Romance Linguistics 8, no. 5 (2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/isogloss.214.

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Children’s comprehension difficulties with object relative clauses (ORs) seem reduced when the embedded subject is a pronoun, rather than a lexical noun. The intervention locality account explains this facilitation in terms of a mismatch in features between the head of the OR and the intervening pronominal subject, namely the N feature according to some (Friedmann et al. 2009), or finer-grained phi features according to others (Bentea & Durrleman, 2021). We evaluate the predictions of these accounts in an experimental study assessing OR comprehension in French. Fifty-two children between t

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Kparou, Hanoukoume Cyril. "Gender Representation in the Lexical Functional Grammar." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Analysis 04, no. 10 (2021): 1422–25. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v4-i10-12.

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Gender marking is a language universal, although some languages have a stronger Gender-marking grammar. The Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG), a linguistic theory, has a set of rules and levels to render for Gender marking. Bornee and developed within the larger framework of the Generative Grammar, the Lexical Functional Grammar has become a standalone autonomous theoretical theory. This paper draws data from French language to present a comprehensive development of Gender-marking analysis within the Lexical Functional Grammar Framework. Fundamentally, the LSG posits for four phrase structures,

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Ochilov, Dilshod. "Lexical-Grammatical Analysis of Verb Phraseological Units." Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals 5, no. 1 (2025): 45–47. https://doi.org/10.55640/jsshrf-05-01-08.

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It is known that verbs have strong organizational properties and often follow other words and lead them. This feature of verbs is also reflected in phraseological units. In Uzbek linguistics, the connection feature of verb phrases is covered in detail. Conjugation is typical of all types of lexemes, but it is strongest in verbs. The feature of combining speech elements of verbs in the Uzbek language ensures that "the main part of phrases is made up of verb phraseological expressions". Verbs take part in phrasal verbs as grammatical base members and determine their categorical affiliation. The

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Cairns, Charles E. "Phonotactics, markedness and lexical representation." Phonology 5, no. 2 (1988): 209–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095267570000227x.

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The theory proposed here, the Markedness Theory of Syllable Structure (MTSS), provides an account of syllabic phonotactics, wherein not only are features defining phonological content underspecified, but also those which determine the number and order of segments. The descriptive basis of MTSS in this paper consists of the minimally redundant underlying representations (URs) of stressed syllables in English. These forms are parsimoniously accounted for by a theory in which content features are associated with prosodic nodes in UR, and which contains an algorithm which maps UR prosodic nodes, s

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Saputra, Christian Eka, Derwin Suhartono, and Rini Wongso. "Question Categorization using Lexical Feature in Opini.id." ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 8, no. 4 (2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v8i4.4026.

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This research aimed to categorize questions posted in Opini.id. N-gram and Bag of Concept (BOC) were used as the lexical features. Those were combined with Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and J48 Tree as the classification method. The experiments were done by using data from online media portal to categorize questions posted by user. Based on the experiments, the best accuracy is 96,5%. It is obtained by using the combination of Bigram Trigram Keyword (BTK) features with J48 Tree as classifier. Meanwhile, the combination of Unigram Bigram (UB) and Unigram Bigram Keyword (UBK) with a

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Mondini, Sara, Eva Kehayia, Brendan Gillon, Giorgio Arcara, and Gonia Jarema. "Lexical access of mass and count nouns." Mental Lexicon 4, no. 3 (2009): 354–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.4.3.03mon.

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Two psycholinguistic experiments were carried out in Italian to test the role played by the feature that distinguishes mass nouns from count nouns, as well as by the feature that distinguishes singular nouns from plural nouns. The first experiment, a simple lexical decision task, revealed a sensitivity of the lexical access system to the processing of the features Mass and Plural as shown by longer reaction times. In particular, nouns in the plural yielded longer reaction times than in the singular except when the plural form was irregular. Furthermore, the feature Mass also affected processin

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Compton, Paul E., Peter Grossenbacher, Michael I. Posner, and Don M. Tucker. "A Cognitive-Anatomical Approach to Attention in Lexical Access." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 3, no. 4 (1991): 304–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.1991.3.4.304.

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Recent PET studies have suggested a specific anatomy for feature identification, visual word forms and semantic associations. Our studies seek to explore the time course of access to these systems by use of reaction time and scalp electrical recording. Target detection times suggest that different forms of representation are involved in the detection of letter features, feature conjunctions (letters), and words. Feature search is fastest at the fovea and slows symmetrically with greater foveal eccentricity. It is not influenced by lexicality. Detecting a letter case (conjunction) shows a left

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Sattorova, Nafisa Isomidinovna. ""THE OLD MAN AND SEA" BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY." RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 2, no. 5 (2023): 4–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7934883.

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<em>This article provides some information about translation analysis on lexical feature in English and Uzbek. The article also includes comparison of differences and similarities of lexical features both languages based on “The old man and sea” by Ernest Hemingway.</em>

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Sattorova, Nafisa Isomidinovna. "EXPRESSING LEXICAL FEATURES IN TRANSLATION BASED ON THE OLD MAN AND SEA BY ERNEST HEMINGWAY." RESEARCH AND EDUCATION 2, no. 5 (2023): 4–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7991122.

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<em>This article provides some information about translation analysis on lexical feature in English and Uzbek. The article also includes comparison of differences and similarities of lexical features both languages based on “The old man and sea” by Ernest Hemingway.</em>

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Lodge, Ken. "Assimilation, deletion paths and underspecification." Journal of Linguistics 28, no. 1 (1992): 13–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226700014985.

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The purpose of this article is to demonstrate that underspecification of lexical-entry forms enables us to restrict phonological theory to declarative statements about the structure of lexical items, and to avoid having recourse to feature-changing and deletion rules. The realizations of lexical items are mapped onto their underlying forms by means of filling-in, redundancy rules of two basic types, predictive and default. Predictive rules derive (at least) one feature from (at least) one other feature, given in the lexical entry form, and default rules provide a feature, if no other rule has

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CUENDET, SEBASTIEN, DILEK HAKKANI-TUR, ELIZABETH SHRIBERG, JAMES FUNG, and BENOIT FAVRE. "CROSS-GENRE FEATURE COMPARISONS FOR SPOKEN SENTENCE SEGMENTATION." International Journal of Semantic Computing 01, no. 03 (2007): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793351x07000202.

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Automatic sentence segmentation of spoken language is an important precursor to downstream natural language processing. Previous studies combine lexical and prosodic features, but can impose significant computational challenges because of the large size of feature sets. Little is understood about which features most benefit performance, particularly for speech data from different speaking styles. We compare sentence segmentation for speech from broadcast news versus natural multi-party meetings, using identical lexical and prosodic feature sets across genres. Results based on boosting and forw

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Krismayani, Ni Wayan. "Lexical and Grammatical Features of Business English." International Journal of Social Sciences World (TIJOSSW) 2, no. 01 (2020): 51–64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3819303.

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The purpose of this study is to describe a lexical and grammatical feature that can be integrated into English learning materials for business purposes (English for Business) in university and enrich business English vocabulary in order to understand a reading text in a professional context and business environment. The data collected were then analyzed using descriptive qualitative method.  The finding of this study shows that in reading material that has been developed, lexical and grammatical feature data are found. In a lexical feature, the data found is in the form of nouns, verbs, a

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Ashiq, Mahwish, Shahid Hussain Mir, and Sehrish Shafi. "Lexical Stress and Semantic Range: A Comparative Componential Analysis of Pahari and English Words." Global Language Review VI, no. II (2021): 326–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2021(vi-ii).35.

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Stress is a unique feature in any language's phonology, serving various purposes. The study explores the function of lexical stress in Pahari by presenting a contrast between English and Pahari. In English, stress changes the syntactic category of the word; unlike English, the stress in Pahari not only changes the syntactic category but manages to put the lexical item in an entirely different semantic field with a sharp contrast of meaning. Documented data is insufficient for studying stress in Pahari, as it needs more established literature. Therefore, native Pahari speakers are the participa

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Ilc, Gašper, and Milena Milojević Sheppard. "Verb movement and interrogatives." Linguistica 42, no. 1 (2002): 161–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.42.1.161-176.

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Verb movement is a phenomenon that has been studied extensively withintheframework of Chomskyan generative grammar. The pioneering work by Pollock(1989) has been followed by a number of studies involving various languages, whichhas provided an important insight both into the language-specific andlanguage-universal properties of verb movement. In most general terms, verb movement canbedefined as movement of the verb from its base position in the (V)erb (P)hrase tosomeposition higher in the clausal structure. In Government & Binding theory verbmovement was motivated by the need of the bare

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GOÑI, JOSÉ M., JOSÉ C. GONZÁLEZ, and ANTONIO MORENO. "ARIES: A lexical platform for engineering Spanish processing tools." Natural Language Engineering 3, no. 4 (1997): 317–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324997001812.

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We present a lexical platform that has been developed for the Spanish language. It achieves portability between different computer systems and efficiency, in terms of speed and lexical coverage. A model for the full treatment of Spanish inflectional morphology for verbs, nouns and adjectives is presented. This model permits word formation based solely on morpheme concatenation, driven by a feature-based unification grammar. The run-time lexicon is a collection of allomorphs for both stems and endings. Although not tested, it should be suitable also for other Romance and highly inflected langua

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Guo, Jiang, Wanxiang Che, David Yarowsky, Haifeng Wang, and Ting Liu. "A Distributed Representation-Based Framework for Cross-Lingual Transfer Parsing." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 55 (April 21, 2016): 995–1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.4955.

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This paper investigates the problem of cross-lingual transfer parsing, aiming at inducing dependency parsers for low-resource languages while using only training data from a resource-rich language (e.g., English). Existing model transfer approaches typically don't include lexical features, which are not transferable across languages. In this paper, we bridge the lexical feature gap by using distributed feature representations and their composition. We provide two algorithms for inducing cross-lingual distributed representations of words, which map vocabularies from two different languages into

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Juntong, Lorena, Mylene Gadia, Jhenell Calasang, Joemar Minoza, and Lanny Merryl Gallarde. "Lexical features and persuasion techniques in the selected Philippine television advertisements." HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - SOCIAL SCIENCES 14, no. 3 (2024): 111–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.soci.en.14.3.2935.2024.

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The language of advertising is powerful in persuading consumers to purchase the product. It is how the advertiser uses language to attract and grab the interest of the people. This research aims to identify and reveal the lexical features and persuasion techniques used in the selected Philippine television advertisements. This will determine how the lexical features are interrelated to the persuasion techniques that the advertiser uses in promoting their products. To obtain the data needed for these objectives, qualitative and content analysis were employed in this research method. Specificall

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Shantz, Kailen, and Darren Tanner. "Electrophysiology finds no inherent delay for grammatical gender retrieval in non-native production." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23, no. 1 (2019): 98–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728918001232.

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AbstractLate second language (L2) learners experience pervasive difficulty mastering grammatical gender, and a comprehensive account of this deficit has yet to emerge. We investigate a previously unexamined aspect of L2 gender use: the time course of lexical feature retrieval. Using event-related potentials (ERPs) with a covert production task, we examined whether L2 gender retrieval is delayed relative to phonology and to the time course of feature retrieval in native speakers for familiar nouns whose gender participants had strong knowledge of. Results find that L2 gender retrieval is not fu

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Adger, David, and Jennifer Smith. "Variation in agreement: A lexical feature-based approach." Lingua 120, no. 5 (2010): 1109–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lingua.2008.05.007.

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Rubin, Edward J. "Obligatory dative clitic-doubling of type III experiencers in Bulgnais." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3, no. 1 (2018): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4299.

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The correlation between the position of the Dative experiencer of a type III psych-verb relative to the verb itself and the obligatory vs. optional nature of an associated Dative clitic has seldom been noted in the literature, and it has never previously been explained. This paper presents relevant new data from Bulgnais (Bologna, Italy), and it proposes that these verbs, in the languages that require the Dative clitic with the preverbal Dative experiencer, have an additional strong lexical property beyond inherent Case licensing. Like Case licensing, this property requires feature checking, w

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CUPPINI, CRISTIANO, ELISA MAGOSSO, and MAURO URSINO. "Learning the lexical aspects of a second language at different proficiencies: A neural computational study." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, no. 2 (2012): 266–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728911000617.

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We present an original model designed to study how a second language (L2) is acquired in bilinguals at different proficiencies starting from an existing L1. The model assumes that the conceptual and lexical aspects of languages are stored separately: conceptual aspects in distinct topologically organized Feature Areas, and lexical aspects in a single Lexical Network. Lexical and semantic aspects are then linked together during Hebbian learning phases by presenting L2 lexical items and their L1 translation equivalents. The model hypothesizes the existence of a competitive mechanism to solve con

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Iliyazova, Aylya. "За логиката на емоциите в контрастивен план: лексеми в немския и българския език, илюстриращи интуитивно мислене". Lyuboslovie 22 (27 листопада 2022): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/ucqt4990.

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The study compares cognitive lexemes in German and Bulgarian, united in lexical-semantic fields based on integral semantic features. The lexical field is a paradigmatic structure composed of lexemes, the meaning of which forms a common significative core, and which are opposed in view of minimal differential features of meaning. The aim of the study is to compare elements of lexical systems in distantly related languages through the method of contrastive analysis, as these elements belong to different parts of speech, have different morphological and syntactic characteristics, but are united b

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Lundquist, Björn. "Noun-verb conversion without a generative lexicon." Nordlyd 36, no. 1 (2009): pp. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/12.221.

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<!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Vanlig tabell"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} > <! [endif] > <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US">This paper discusses diﬀerent types of zero-derived

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Tomuro, Noriko. "Question terminology and representation for question type classification." Recent Trends in Computational Terminology 10, no. 1 (2004): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.10.1.08tom.

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Question terminology is a set of terms which appear in keywords, idioms and fixed expressions commonly observed in questions. This paper investigates ways to automatically extract question terminology from a corpus of questions and represent them for the purpose of classifying by question type. Our key interest is to see whether or not semantic features can enhance the representation of strongly lexical nature of question sentences. We compare two feature sets: one with lexical features only, and another with a mixture of lexical and semantic features. For evaluation, we measure the classifica

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Ghadessy, Mohsen, and Yanjie Gao. "Simplification as a Universal Feature of the Language of Translation." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 11, no. 1 (2001): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.11.1.07gha.

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A common belief among a number of applied linguists working with parallel texts (texts from a source language, L1, and their translations into a target language, L2) is that “translated language is different from the original language” (Mauranen 1998: 160). A related research question is “Are translated texts different from comparable texts in the target language as well?” One way to answer the above question is to establish “translation universals” which make translated texts different from comparable texts in the target language. The process of simplification of translated language has been

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Scheffel, Lucia. "Do feature importance and feature relevance differentially influence lexical semantic knowledge in individuals with aphasia?" Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders 6, no. 3 (2021): 160–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21849/cacd.2021.00402.

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Purpose: This study investigated two classifications of semantic features, feature <i>importance</i> and feature <i>relevance</i>, to verify if they differentially influenced lexical semantic knowledge in individuals with aphasia.Methods: A sorting task was utilized with 20 volunteer participants with aphasia to investigate the semantic processing involved in the association of semantic features with their appropriate nouns. A corpus of 18 nouns was displayed in front of each participant in groups of three along with a card containing the word “UNRELATED.” The participa

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van den Elzen, Sophie. "Solidarity: Memory work, periodicals and the protest lexicon in the long 1960s." Memory Studies 17, no. 5 (2024): 1073–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17506980241263237.

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This article examines the lexical memory work performed by the British New Left as it differentiated itself from the organised labour movement post-1956. It argues that activists use memory to reframe the meaning of keywords in the ‘protest lexicon’, and that this is an important, though usually implicit, activist cultural practice. Based on previous work in conceptual history and cognitive science, it begins by situating lexical memory work as an activity on the border between narrative historical memory, semantic memory and implicit collective memory. It then discusses the resignification of

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Kraaikamp, Margot. "The Semantics of the Dutch Gender System." Journal of Germanic Linguistics 24, no. 3 (2012): 193–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1470542712000074.

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In this paper, it is argued that, although Dutch gender assignment is not systematically organized along semantic lines in the lexicon, the gender system has a semantic basis. This semantic basis involves a distinction between masculine/common gender associated with a high degree of individuation on the one hand, and neuter gender associated with a low degree of individuation, on the other hand. This is in line with Audring (2006, 2009), who found that Dutch pronouns often show semantic agreement along these lines. It is shown that the same semantic distinction between the genders can also be

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Opitz, Andreas, and Thomas Pechmann. "Gender Features in German." Linguistic Perspectives on Morphological Processing 11, no. 2 (2016): 216–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.11.2.03opi.

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Current theoretical approaches to inflectional morphology make extensive use of the two concepts of abstract feature decomposition and underspecification. Psycholinguistic models of inflection, in contrast, generally lack such more differentiated morphological analyses. This paper reports a series of behavioral experiments that investigate the processing of grammatical gender of nouns in German. The results of these experiments support the idea that elements in the mental lexicon may be underspecified with regard to their grammatical features. However, contrary to all established morphological

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Cortés-Rodríguez, Francisco J., and Ana Díaz-Galán. "The lexical constructional model meets syntax: guidelines of the formalized lexical-constructional model (FL_CxG )." Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas 18 (July 26, 2023): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rlyla.2023.18643.

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This paper offers the basic guidelines of a formalized version of the Lexical Constructional Model (LCM; Ruiz de Mendoza & Mairal Usón, 2008, 2011; Ruiz de Mendoza & Galera, 2014), the Formalized Lexical-Constructional Grammar (FL_CxG), which will pave the way for future computational developments, such as parsers or lexical databases. The FL_CxG deploys (i) the typologically oriented syntactic apparatus of Role and Reference Grammar (Van Valin, 2005; Van Valin & LaPolla, 1997), (ii) the catalogue of constructional units arranged in a 4-layer typology, as proposed by the LCM, and (

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Qahharova, Mohigul Yusufovna. "VARIOUS APPRO ARIOUS APPROACHES TO THE STUD O THE STUDY OF ENGLISH SE Y OF ENGLISH SET EXPRESSIONS AND THE PROBLEMS OF CLASSIFICATION." Scientific Reports of Bukhara State University 4, no. 4 (2020): 135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52297/2181-1466/2020/4/4/7.

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Speech is what the speaker speaks about, expressing his/her feelings and interaction with the audience. The speaker tries to make his speech effective in one way or another and to attract the listener. A word has its own lexical and complementary meaning. For example, the lexical meaning of the words "expressive", "emotional", "affective" means "affective", and the additional meaning "emotional". In English, it is permissible to take into account syntactic, melodic and lexical features for expressing emotional expressions. By lexical feature, we mean adding additional meaning to words. The com

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Baker, Philip, and Magnus Huber. "Atlantic, Pacific, and world-wide features in English-lexicon contact languages." English World-Wide 22, no. 2 (2001): 157–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eww.22.2.02bak.

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This article analyzes the earliest known attestations of 302 lexical, functional, and grammatical features in 13 English-lexicon contact languages in the Atlantic and the Pacific. The main aims are (i) to shed light on the historical relationships between the individual varieties, (ii) to learn about the mechanisms at work in their genesis and development, and (iii) to examine the significance of features common to both geographical regions. Overall, our intention is to demonstrate that a statistical feature-based approach as proposed here can yield valuable insights into the development and i

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Reynolds, Brett. "Quantifying the Differences Between Lexical Categories." Cadernos de Linguística 2, no. 3 (2021): e399. http://dx.doi.org/10.25189/2675-4916.2021.v2.n3.id399.

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The Cambridge grammar of the English language (HUDDLESTON; PULLUM, 2002) attempts to present a comprehensive and rigorous description of Modern Standard English. Much of the book is taken up with describing the properties of the various lexical categories, including determinative and pronoun. The distinction between these categories has been questioned by various authors in English (ABNEY, 1987; CROFT, 2001; HUDSON, 2004; MATTHEWS, 2014; POSTAL, 2014/1966; SOMMERSTEIN, 1972) and other languages (e.g., NAU, 2016). Here, I employ energy distance, a novel family of non-parametric statistics, to a

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Ascalonicawati, Adinda Prasty. "Fitur-Fitur Tuturan Emma Watson dalam Wawancara (The Features of Speech of Emma Watson in Interview[s])." JALABAHASA 16, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36567/jalabahasa.v16i1.401.

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Perempuan memiliki karakteristik tersendiri saat berbicara. Fitur-fitur tuturan perempuan memungkinkan mereka menggunakan bahasa dengan fungsi yang berbeda, yaitu melemahkan maupun menguatkan tuturan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi fitur-fitur tuturan perempuan yang digunakan dalam wawancara oleh Emma Watson dengan menerapkan teori Lakoff (1975). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif-kuantitatif. Metode kualitatif untuk menjabarkan fitur-fitur tuturan perempuan yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini. Sementara itu, metode kuantitatif untuk mengidentifikasi frekue

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Tak, Jin-young, Min-joo Shon, Yi-na Kim, and Seul-gi Choi. "Text Analytics of Asian English Learners’ Compositions: A Comparison of the Original and Edited Versions Using LFTK." Convergence English Language & Literature Association 9, no. 1 (2024): 209–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55986/cell.2024.9.1.209.

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This study employs the Python-based LFTK(Linguistic Feature Toolkit) to explore the linguistic characteristics of compositions by English learners from ten Asian countries, collected in the ICNALE(International Corpus Network of Asian Learners of English). The present study investigates linguistic peculiarities including sentence structures, syntactic complexity, lexical readability, and lexical richness while focusing on the differences between original compositions and their edited versions across various proficiency levels. The results reveal that the linguistic features are closely connect

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Shaik, Muskan, Ashfaq Hussain Shaik, Amareswari Vaddarapu, Sai Krishna Thanga, Sai Sneha T, and Venkata Subbaiah C. "Enhanced Suspicious URL Detection in IoT Using an Optimized Hybrid Selection Technique." International Journal of Computational Learning & Intelligence 4, no. 2 (2025): 432–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15181423.

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The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has increased the threat of data breaches from malicious links. Identifying suspicious URLs before access is essential for protecting sensitive information. Machine learning methods are effective in detecting zero-day attacks, but their success relies on the quality and complexity of selected features. Earlier approaches primarily used lexical features for faster detection but failed to provide comprehensive website analysis. Enhancing IoT security requires combining both lexical and page content-based features. Researchers use various Feature S

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Koskinen, Päivi. "Syntactic Category Changing in Syntax: Evidence from Finnish Participle Constructions." Revue québécoise de linguistique 27, no. 2 (2009): 131–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/603178ar.

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ABSTRACT In most languages there are lexical elements that manifest morpho-syntactic properties associated with more than one lexical category. I examine here a group of Finnish participle constructions that manifest such categorial inconsistencies. Those forms are analyzed as containing a hybrid category: the lexical feature [Adjectival Reference] accounts for their adjectival qualities and seemingly nominal morphology, while a functional feature [Temporal Reference] (= Tense) explains their verbal and temporal characteristics. Consequently, I argue that changes in syntactic category take pla

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Muradyan, Gayane. "Lexical Syntagms in Publicistic Prose." Armenian Folia Anglistika 1, no. 1-2 (1) (2005): 62–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/afa/2005.1.1-2.062.

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The connection between lexical syntagms and functional-stylistic orientation in the Publicistic Prose is more evident due to adjectives ending in -able which, in fact, realize the category of the probability of the action. The wide use of lexical syntagms in the Publicistic Prose leads to stylistic marking and endows these units with a distinctive stylistic feature.

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Keizer, Evelien. "Derivation in Functional Discourse Grammar: Some challenges and implications." Word Structure 11, no. 1 (2018): 36–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/word.2018.0115.

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One distinctive feature of Functional Discourse Grammar (FDG) is that it distinguishes two types of derivational processes: Lexical derivation, which takes place in the lexicon, and syntactic derivation, which takes place in the grammar. The aim of this paper is to consider some of the implications of this approach by addressing three major issues: i) on the basis of which criteria do we decide which derivational processes are lexical and which are syntactic, ii) how does the FDG approach deal with recursive processes of derivation, and iii) how do these two derivational processes interact wit

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Hyland, Ken, and Feng (Kevin) Jiang. "Academic lexical bundles." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 23, no. 4 (2018): 383–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.17080.hyl.

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Abstract An important component of fluent linguistic production and a key distinguishing feature of particular modes, registers and genres is the multi-word expressions referred to as ‘lexical bundles’. These are extended collocations which appear more frequently than expected by chance, helping to shape meanings and contributing to our sense of coherence and distinctiveness in a text. These strings have been studied extensively, particularly in academic writing in English, but little is known about how they may have changed over time. In this paper we explore changes in their use and frequenc

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Rahadiyanti, Iga. "Women Language Features in Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire." Vivid: Journal of Language and Literature 9, no. 2 (2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/vj.9.2.86-92.2020.

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The purpose of this study is to observe the types of women language features and the most frequent women language feature used by the main women characters in the dialogue of Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire play. Ten women language features proposed by Robin Lakoff is used to analyze the data. This study only observes eight out of ten women language features proposed by Robin Lakoff, namely tag question, intensifier, hypercorrect grammar, hedges or fillers, empty adjectives, precise color terms, super polite form, and avoidance of strong swear words. This study excludes emphatic s

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Rahadiyanti, Iga. "Women Language Features in Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire." Vivid: Journal of Language and Literature 9, no. 2 (2020): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/vj.9.2.86-92.2020.

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The purpose of this study is to observe the types of women language features and the most frequent women language feature used by the main women characters in the dialogue of Tennessee Williams’ A Streetcar Named Desire play. Ten women language features proposed by Robin Lakoff is used to analyze the data. This study only observes eight out of ten women language features proposed by Robin Lakoff, namely tag question, intensifier, hypercorrect grammar, hedges or fillers, empty adjectives, precise color terms, super polite form, and avoidance of strong swear words. This study excludes emphatic s

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Gallego, Ángel J., and Juan Uriagereka. "'Estar' = 'Ser' + X." Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics 5, no. 1 (2016): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/1.5.1.3634.

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This paper studies the SER / ESTAR alternation in Spanish. Following the logic behind Freeze's (1992) and Kayne's (1993) analysis of Benveniste's (1960) approach to HAVE, it is argued that ESTAR derives from SER plus the incorporation of an additional functional element, labeled X. It is this element (which we argue has a prepositional nature in different languages), and not some lexical property (a feature), that is responsible for the oft-noted aspectual (i.e. non-standing, perfective, stagelevel) flavor of ESTAR. Even though we focus on the SER / ESTAR cut, our analysis ultimately argues fo

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TURNEY, P. D., and S. M. MOHAMMAD. "Experiments with three approaches to recognizing lexical entailment." Natural Language Engineering 21, no. 3 (2014): 437–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1351324913000387.

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AbstractInference in natural language often involves recognizing lexical entailment (RLE), that is, identifying whether one word entails another. For example,buyentailsown. Two general strategies for RLE have been proposed: One strategy is to manually construct an asymmetric similarity measure for context vectors (directional similarity) and another is to treat RLE as a problem of learning to recognize semantic relations using supervised machine-learning techniques (relation classification). In this paper, we experiment with two recent state-of-the-art representatives of the two general strate

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Andalas Saputra, Meitro Hartanto, Dwi Pebrianti, Luhur Bayuaji, and Rusdah. "Optimizing Malware Detection and Prevention on Proxy Servers Through Random Forest and Lexical Feature Analysis." Indonesian Journal of Computing, Engineering, and Design (IJoCED) 7, no. 1 (2025): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.35806/ijoced.v7i1.485.

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Malware has become a significant concern due to the increase in malicious websites hosting spam, phishing, malware, and other threats. This research aims to predict malware URLs using lexical features for feature extraction and random forest for classification. The dataset, sourced from kaggle.com, includes benign, phishing, spam, malware, and defacement URLs. To address data imbalance, random oversampling was applied for balanced training. Recursive feature elimination was used to optimize lexical features, testing various sets of features (10, 15, 19, 23, 29, 35) for classification accuracy,

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