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Journal articles on the topic 'Lexical means of expressing certainty / uncertainty'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Косс, Евгения. "Means of expressing certainty / uncertainty in collocations with term of kinship дядя 'uncle'". Bulletin of the Donetsk National University. Series D: Philology and Psychology 2 (31 березня 2025): 146–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15111186.

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The article deals with pronouns functioning in the collocations with the kinship term <em>дядя</em> ‘uncle’ in the meaning, which is a result of the secondary nomination process.  The language phenomenon addressed is treated in terms of the category of certainty / uncertainty. Demonstrative and indefinite pronouns are frequent lexical means of expressing certainty / uncertainty. The need to suggest a comprehensive lexicographic description of one of the most frequent Russian words, i.e. the kinship term <em>д</em><em>ядя </em>‘uncle’, in terms of the integral and a

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2

Rita B., Kenetova, Boziev Alberd T., and Khashozheva Zagirat T. "The expression of certainty and uncertainty with complex structures based on the Kabardian-Circassian, Russian and English languages." Kavkazologiya 2025, no. 1 (2025): 246–356. https://doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2025-1-346-356.

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In this article, the authors consider the category of certainty/uncertainty in differently structured languages using the example of Kabardino-Circassian, Russian and English, and also highlight the reasons why the absence of articles in Russian and Kabardino-Circassian languages causes diffi-culties for native speakers of these languages when learning English. Articles in English carry a significant burden: they help clarify the meaning of nouns, indicating their number, specificity or universality. The conducted research allows us to conclude that the category of certain-ty/uncertainty is re

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3

Haiyan, Zhou. "The Expression of Certainty / Uncertainty Using the Word “Odin (One)” in Russian in Comparison with the Chinese Counterpart." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 21, no. 9 (2022): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2022-21-9-56-66.

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Purpose. When discussing the phenomenon of the pronominalization of Russian numerals, the most discussed word is “odin (one)”, which is often used as an indefinite pronoun. However, in fact, the word “odin (one)” is capable of expressing a definitive meaning depending on the context and situation. In this respect, a similar phenomenon is ob served in the Chinese language. Unlike the Chinese word “一 (yi)”, which is used mainly in the function of pronouns and numerals, the Russian word “odin (one)” is able to perform the functions of different parts of speech. Based on a large number of examples

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4

Maslova, S. Y. "MEANS OF EXPRESSING EPISTEMIC MODALITY IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE." Writings in Romance-Germanic Philology, no. 2(49) (January 16, 2023): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-4604.2022.2(49).268200.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the nomenclature of means of expressing epistemic modality in the English language. At the functional-semantic level, the semantics of epistemic assessment is reflected in the values of units of the morphological, lexical, and syntactic levels of language, capable of performing the following semantic functions at the level of utterance: the degree of confidence of the speaker, the degree of validity of judgment, subjectivity, and unreality. Since the combined common function of all means of expressing epistemic evaluation is to reflect the speaker’s in

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5

Estiri, M., and Kh Siyami Eidlak. "Representation of the Category of Certainty-Uncertainty by the Forms of Accusative and Genitive Cases in the Russian Language and Their Persian Equivalents." Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology 24, no. 2 (2025): 54–63. https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2025-24-2-54-63.

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Purpose. The purpose of this study is to present one of the main means of expressing the category of certainty-indeterminacy, or rather the opposition of the forms of the genitive and accusative cases, its semantics and ways of expressing them in Persian. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that Iranian students make persistent mistakes in Russian due to failure to distinguish between the forms of accusative and genitive cases of definiteness and uncertainty, due to the lack of a case system in the Persian language.Results. The research material consists of examples selected by the aut

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6

Pereverzeva, Svetlana I., Artemy A. Kotov, Yana A. Zherebtsova, and Anna A. Zinina. "PARENTHESES EXPRESSING (UN)CERTAINTY IN THE TELEGRAM MEDIA CHANNELS: WORD FREQUENCY." RSUH/RGGU Bulletin. "Literary Theory. Linguistics. Cultural Studies" Series, no. 5 (2023): 153–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2686-7249-2023-5-153-185.

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The paper studies the frequency of epistemic parentheses (bezuslovno ‘definitely’, verojatno ‘probably’, kazhetsya ‘likely’, konechno ‘of course’, etc.) in the news issued by the official media channels in Telegram. The article analyzes the hypothesis that the excessive or rare use of such linguistic units by the media channels may reflect not only their thematic or stylistic preferences, but also their political orientation. As the statistical analysis shows, the media that “prefer” parentheses expressing certainty tend to follow the official Russian ideology. According to authors’ observatio

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Castello, Erik, and Sara Gesuato1. "Holding up one’s end of the conversation in spoken English." Corpus-based Approaches to Spoken L2 Production 5, no. 2 (2019): 231–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijlcr.17020.cas.

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Abstract This study investigates the use of lexical backchannels in the discourse of L2 English users sitting Trinity College London’s Graded Examinations in Spoken English (GESE). It is based on the Trinity Lancaster Corpus Sample and explores the language produced during the Discussion, Conversation and Interactive tasks of the language examinations by L2 English users from Chinese, Indian and Italian linguistic backgrounds, whose proficiency ranges from the B2 to C2 levels (i.e. high intermediate, advanced, expert) of the CEFR. The findings suggest that the L2 users with an Italian backgrou

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8

Roszko, Roman. "Lexical exponents of hypothetical modality in Polish and Lithuanian." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 12 (November 24, 2015): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2012.001.

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Lexical exponents of hypothetical modality in Polish and LithuanianThe article focuses on the lexical exponents of hypothetical modality in Polish and Lithuanian. The purpose for comparing and contrasting the lexical exponents of hypothetical modality is not only to identify all the lexemes in both languages but also find the answer to the following question: whether the morphological exponents of hypothetical modality (so-called modus relativus) familiar to the Lithuanian language have/had an influence on limiting the number of the lexical exponents and the frequency of using these exponents

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9

Залужна, М. В. "IMPLICIT EXPRESSION OF UNCERTAINTY IN THE ENGLISH-LANGUAGE POSTMODERN FICTION ТEXTS". Nova fìlologìâ, № 90 (28 серпня 2023): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26661/2414-1135-2023-90-6.

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The article discusses the specificity of implicit representation of uncertainty by means of the English language in the British postmodern literary discourse. The data for analysis was selected from the novels written by I. McEwan, D. Mitchell and D. Lodge. Implicitness is viewed as an inherent feature of language and is a promising object for linguistic analysis, as its mechanisms are unfolded in a new way within the cognitive-discursive paradigm. Within any language, uncertainty is verbalized not only explicitly, but also through a wide range of implicit means. While explicit statements can

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Roszko, Roman. "Leksykalne wykładniki hipotetyczności w językach polskim i litewskim." Acta Baltico-Slavica 35 (July 28, 2015): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/abs.2011.007.

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Lexical indicators of the hypothetical modality in Polish and LithuanianThe dissertation discusses the problem of lexical indicators of the hypothetical modality to be observed in Polish and Lithuanian. To begin with, the definition of the hypothetical modality along with its paraphrase has been formed. Furthermore, the gradational character of the category has been analyzed. There have been distinguished six groups of lexemes, which express particular degrees of the hypothetical modality – ranging from that expressing the trace of uncertainty (minimal degree of probability) to that expressing

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Jevning, R., R. Anand, and M. Biedebach. "Certainty and uncertainty in science: the subjectivistic concept of probability in physiology and medicine." Advances in Physiology Education 267, no. 6 (1994): S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/advances.1994.267.6.s113.

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Most physiological scientists have restricted understanding of probability as relative frequency in a large collection (for example, of atoms). Most appropriate for the relatively circumscribed problems of the physical sciences, this understanding of probability as a physical property has conveyed the widespread impression that the "proper" statistical "method" can eliminate uncertainty by determining the "correct" frequency or frequency distribution. However, many relatively recent developments in the theory of probability and decision making deny such exalted statistical ability. Proponents

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12

Ozyumenko, Vladimir. "Social Reality Formation in Media Discourse: Information Ambiguity Strategy." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 3 (November 2019): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.3.5.

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Modern media have become an important ideological tool in conveying and forming a certain view of the world and attitude towards it. While complying with the interests of the power structures, they shape public opinion by means of increasingly sophisticated media technologies and techniques. The article introduces multilevel means of creating ambiguity of a media text: verbs with the semantic component 'without proof', lexical units with semantics of uncertainty, means of expressing epistemic modality, interrogative headings, etc. The regular use of these means observed in the media enables th

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13

Holubenko, Nataliia Ivanivna, and Serhii Yevhenovych Maksimov. "Contextual features for implementing epistemic modality in a common sense and in terms of gender." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3A (2021): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173a1462p.589-598.

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The subject of this research is epistemic modality, which is referred to a subjective type of modality in a common sense and in terms of gender; it is considered as the connection between a subject and an attribute. The purpose of this research is to study epistemic modality and its contextual features in a common sense and in terms of gender. The objectives of this article require application of several methods such as comparative analysis and text analysis. The methods favour the fact that the conclusions concerning the means of epistemic modality expression are maximally reliable. The metho

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14

Demyanova, Tatyana Valentinovna, and Irina Vladimirovna Sofronova. "Representation of indirect evidentiality through the evasion strategy in the English, Russian, and Chuvash languages." Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, no. 5 (2024): 1391–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240201.

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This study conducts a contrastive typological analysis of linguistic markers of author’s and impersonal evidentiality in the English, Russian, and Chuvash languages. The research novelty lies in the systematic analysis of Chuvash indirect evidentiality markers in a comparative perspective. The study demonstrates that the “Nominative Case with Infinitive” construction, as a characteristic of author’s evidentiality in English, corresponds to Russian modal-suppositional and comparative particles, introductory words, and phrases (equivalent to the degree of certainty adverb “perhaps”), which expre

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15

Dallagi, Maha. "Tunisian Students’ Perception and Awareness of Metadiscourse Stances in Reading an Academic Text." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 1 (2021): 29–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.1.4.

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‘Lexical Invisiblity’ or failures in perceiving metadiscourse signs could impact students’ comprehension of text, especially academic ones. In the Tunisian educational system which divides Tertiary level students into broad specialisms, teachers adopt various reading approaches accordingly to students’ needs and requirements of their professional careers. This might lead to a focus on some linguistic aspects at the expense of others, and might prevent learners from understanding the conveyed message at its fullest. The current research aims to determine to what extent Tunisian University learn

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16

Csongor, Alexandra, and G. Rébék-Nagy. "Hedging in Popular Scientific Articles on Medicine." Acta Medica Marisiensis 59, no. 2 (2013): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amma-2013-0023.

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Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study is to investigate the process of rewriting medical research papers for the lay public. The latest findings of medical research often appear in the popular media. It is interesting to see what happens to a scientific text when it is transmitted to a new audience. Hedging is usually interpreted as a characteristic feature of scientific discourse. This study focuses on hedging, which also tends to be applied in popularized articles in the field of medicine. Material and method: Five medical research articles on prenatal vitamins and their online popula

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17

Sun, Xiaoli, and Mariya Alexandrovna Kulkova. "Pragmatics of verbalizing the phenomenon of tricksterism in Russian-language artistic discourse (based on N. V. Gogol's "Dead Souls")." Philology. Theory & Practice 18, no. 2 (2025): 811–18. https://doi.org/10.30853/phil20250115.

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The aim of the research is to identify the linguistic representation of the communicative strategies and tactics of the trickster in the speech of Chichikov, the main character of N. V. Gogol's "Dead Souls." The article examines 166 remarks of Chichikov collected from the text of the work, which are analyzed from the point of view of the use of figurative language, emotionally evaluative vocabulary, types of sentences, and pragmatic strategies and tactics. The scientific novelty lies in the systematic study of the linguistic means and speech strategies of the trickster on the example of N. V.

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18

Diachok, N. "CONTEXTUAL FEATURES FOR IMPLEMENTING EPISTEMIC MODALITY." Journal “Ukrainian sense”, no. 1 (August 8, 2021): 108–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/462109.

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Background. The article deals with the consideration that a speaker is the central figure for determination of modality as it is the speech subject that establishes the relations between an object and its predicated sign in an utterance. The subject of our research is epistemic modality, which is referred to a subjective type of modality; it is considered as the connection between a subject and an attribute. This connection is evaluated rationally by a speaker as his/her subjective mental construction rather than objective characteristic of the reality. The research objective is to demon

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19

В.Б., Крячко, Хван Н.С. та Гвоздюк В.Н. "Фразеология войны: свойства и качества характера человека (на материале русского, английского, немецкого и корейского языков)". Modern Humanities Success, № 10 (28 жовтня 2024): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.58224/2618-7175-2024-10-25-32.

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статья посвящена лексико-семантическому анализу фразеологизмов, объединенных семемой “Свойства и качества характера человека”, Она является продолжением нашей предыдущей работы, нацеленной на эмоции, чувства человека, и имеет тождественную ей цель: выявить сходство и различие на основе семантики войны. Метафора войны является общим фактором, позволившим заметить эти различия или частности в каждом из сопоставляемых языков, важные и необходимые с точки зрения принципа неопределенности. Принцип неопределенности остается целевой установкой, определяющей наше исследование в рамках лексико-семантич

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Doroshenko, Olga. "THE PRAGMATIC COMPONENT OF THE SPANISH INDEFINITE ARTICLE IN THE CONTEXT OF LANGUAGE TRAINING OF FUTURE TRANSLATORS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Literary Studies. Linguistics. Folklore Studies, no. 36 (2024): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2659.2024.36.09.

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Вackground. The article examines the pragmatic functions of the indefinite article in Spanish with a view to its teaching to students of translation studies at higher educational institutions. The study focuses on the fact that the Spanish article is capable not only of indicating the uncertainty of the subject, but also of conveying various pragmatic information or even acquiring metaphorical meanings depending on the existing communicative situation. The didactic goal of the study is to develop students' ability to perceive the grammatical category of the article from the point of view of a

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Koseska-Toszewa, Violetta, and Antoni Mazurkiewicz. "Constructing catalogue of temporal situations." Cognitive Studies | Études cognitives, no. 10 (November 24, 2015): 71–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.11649/cs.2010.004.

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Constructing catalogue of temporal situationsThe paper is aiming to create a common basis for description, comparing, and analysis natural languages. As a subject of comparison we have chosen temporal structures of some languages. For such a choice there exists a perfect tool, describing basic temporal phenomena, namely an ordering of states and events in time, certainty and uncertainty, independency of histories of separate objects, necessity and possibility. This tool is supported by the Petri nets formalism, which seems to be well suited for expressing the above mentioned phenomena. Petri n

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22

Mdivani, T. G. "Aspects of nonlinearity in music of the second half of the XX century." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series 65, no. 4 (2020): 461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/2524-2369-2020-65-4-461-466.

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The purpose of the study is to give a preliminary idea of the nonlinear music expressing the postnonclassical concept of the world. Novelty: for the first time: 1) the novelty of the composer’s thinking of the representatives of the Second Musical vanguard is explained from the standpoint of nonlinearity and selforganization; 2) the author’s definition of nonlinear musical reality is given, where three forms of representation are distinguished: local, total, and biand polyfurcation; synergistic methodological tools, including terminology, are applied to musical subjectivity, which allowed

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Samsonova, Ekaterina Maksimovna. "Multiple meaning as a kind of iterative repetition in the Yakut language." Litera, no. 11 (November 2024): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2024.11.72281.

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The purpose of the article is to determine the semantic structure and features of the functioning of the means of expressing the proper multiple meaning as one of the subtypes of iterative repetition in the Yakut language. The object of the study is the semantics of an accurate or inaccurate quantitative account of situations. The subject of study is the so-called circumstances of multiplicity or counting complex. Based on the material of the Yakut language, the author, following I. B. Dolinina, adheres to the proposed terminology and suggests considering such cases of repeatability as an inde

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Mykytyuk, Oksana R. "THE PRAGMATIC PERSPECTIVE OF DMYTRO DONTSOV’S WORKS: ARGUMENTATION STRATEGIES." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 1, no. 25 (2023): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2023-1-25-15.

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The leading role in anthropocentric studies belongs to linguopragmatics, since it is a manifestation of the human factor at all levels of language. The synthesis of views expressed in Dontsov’s works is usually based on antitheses having a specific communicative task: to compare positive and negative aspects, or otherwise contrast Dontsov`s position with a different position. The article is aimed at examining the pragmatic aspect of Dontsov`s texts using the example of antithesis. Achieving this aim involves solving the following tasks: 1) characterize the ways Dmytro Dontsov`s pragmatic inten

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Bazhenova, Elena A., and Maria P. Kotyurova. "Book review: Grichin, S. V. (2020) The evidential model of a scientific text. Novosibirsk: Novosibirsk State Technical University." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Filologiya, no. 81 (2023): 269–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19986645/81/15.

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This article is a review of the book The Evidential Model of a Scientific Text by Sergey Grichin. The monograph describes evidentiality, one of the leading discursive categories of a scientific text. Grichin answers the questions: How does new knowledge emerge? How is it converted into a text? How does the dialogue between the author and his predecessors come about? Answering these questions, Grichin substantiates the status of evidentiality as a universal text-forming category. This category reflects all cognitive actions of the author of the text, so the study of evidentiality requires a com

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Власова, С. "ИМЕННЫЕ ФОРМЫ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ В ЦЕРКОВНОСЛАВЯНСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ...: СВЯЗЬ С ПРЕДИКАТИВНОСТЬЮ, НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТЬЮ, НЕРЕФЕРЕНТНОСТЬЮ". Русистика и компаративистика, № 13 (24 червня 2019): 164–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.25688/2619-0656.2019.13.10.

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В статье описываются особенности использования именных форм прилагательных в текстах Успенского сборника XIIXIII вв. с точки зрения функциональной грамматики и теории референции. Установлено, что использование именных форм прилагательного в церковнославянском тексте нельзя объяснять только их предикативностью. Использование именных форм в атрибутивной функции следует связывать с рефлексами выражения категории детерминации (определенностью / неопределенностью объекта) и объяснять неопределенностью или нереферентным употреблением определяемого существительного The article describes the peculiari

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Bledar, Abdurrahmani. "Compensation of Political Convicts in Albania as a Challenge to the Rule of Law and Human Rights." Beder Journal of Educational Sciences Volume 26(2) (June 21, 2023): 124–56. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8064626.

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  <strong>Abstract</strong> The change in the political and legal system in Albania gave birth to great hope, not only for the triumph of dignity but also for the correction of injustices towards former political prisoners. In Albania, from 1991 to 2008, a series of legal measures addressed the issue of former political prisoners. Their purpose was not only to legally consider punishment for crimes of a political nature as unjust but also to award compensation. But, in the span of 17 years, they remained a formal statement on paper, an inadequate legal solution that in very few cases beca

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Bledar, Abdurrahmani. "Compensation of Political Convicts in Albania as a Challenge to the Rule of Law and Human Rights." Beder Journal of Educational Sciences Volume 26, no. 2 (2023): 126. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8070078.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> The change in the political and legal system in Albania gave birth to great hope, not only for the triumph of dignity but also for the correction of injustices towards former political prisoners. In Albania, from 1991 to 2008, a series of legal measures addressed the issue of former political prisoners. Their purpose was not only to legally consider punishment for crimes of a political nature as unjust but also to award compensation. But, in the span of 17 years, they remained a formal statement on paper, an inadequate legal solution that in very few cases became effe

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Терехова, Е. В., та Е. С. Звигинцева. "ЛЕКСИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА ВЫРАЖЕНИЯ НЕОПРЕДЕЛЕННОСТИ В НЕМЕЦКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ В СОПОСТАВЛЕНИИ С РУССКИМ". Современные гуманитарные исследования, № 2 (29 травня 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.25633/sgi.2020.02.02.

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Cтатья посвящена описанию лексических средств выражения неопределенности в современном немецком языке в сопоставлении с русским. Интересным представляется отследить закономерности функционирования и роль лексических средств немецкого языка в репрезентации концепта неопределенности в сознании человека и выражении неопределенности как языкового феномена. The article is devoted to the description of lexical means of expressing uncertainty in the modern German language in comparison with Russian. It is interesting to trace the regularities of functioning and the role of lexical means of the German

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O'Hara, Lily, Jane Taylor, and Margaret Barnes. "We Are All Ballooning: Multimedia Critical Discourse Analysis of ‘Measure Up’ and ‘Swap It, Don’t Stop It’ Social Marketing Campaigns." M/C Journal 18, no. 3 (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.974.

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BackgroundIn the past twenty years the discourse of the weight-centred health paradigm (WCHP) has attained almost complete dominance in the sphere of public health policy throughout the developed English speaking world. The national governments of Australia and many countries around the world have responded to what is perceived as an ‘epidemic of obesity’ with public health policies and programs explicitly focused on reducing and preventing obesity through so called ‘lifestyle’ behaviour change. Weight-related public health initiatives have been subjected to extensive critique based on ideolog

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Chau, Christina, and Laura Glitsos. "Time." M/C Journal 22, no. 6 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/mcj.1617.

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Nearly 50 years on from Alvin Toffler’s Future Shock (1971), contemporary society finds itself navigating the Fourth Industrial Revolution. This era has been described as the convergence of digitisation, robotics, artificial intelligence, globalisation—and speed (Johannessen). As such, temporality is taking on a turbulent and elusive edge. In the previous century, Toffler highlighted that technological change accelerated perceptions of time, and he predicted that by the 21st century, people would find it “increasingly painful to keep up with the incessant demand for change that characterises o

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Md., Shadat Hossen, and Rahman Atiqur. "Legal and Institutional Mechanism of Transparency: Bangladesh Perspective." September 20, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3451502.

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<strong>Transparency</strong> Transparency means the continuous sharing of information, decision making, and implementation should be open. It is not sufficient that should simply be made available. It must also be reliable and presented in useful and understandable ways in order to facilitate accountability.[1]Information should be accessible in that every citizen can participate in the debates. Such information helps to ensure a level playing field and encourage the effective participation of all social groups and partnership between different sectors. Transparency makes the institution and

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