Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Ley núm'
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Tremblay, Martin. "L'implantation des aires protégées au Vietnam : quels impacts pour les populations locales?" Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24979/24979.pdf.
Full textFortunel, Frédéric. "L'Etat, les paysanneries et les cultures commerciales pérennes dans les plateaux du Centre Viêt Nam : l'autochtonie en quête de territoires." Toulouse 2, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547703.
Full textThis thesis analyses the conversion mechanisms of the territorial belongings. In regard of the hypothesis that the durable cash crops' plantation favours human rooting, the theoretical principles and non-native practices incorporated to a territory and to indigenous people are studied in Viet Nam highlands. Imported by the colonial power, the coffee tree anchored in this territory, leads not only to the loss of symbolical landmarks and to the loss of native farmer materials but also to the political and economical appropriation of these areas. The Vietnamese State, concerned by the control of these restive areas towards the majority national people, has favoured since its independency the arrival and the anchoring of non-natives who are henceforth the majority in the country. Farming and the changes of representations take a role in the redefinition of the territorial belongings but at the expenses of environmental damages and of a deep social and economical crisis
Tran, Thao. "Les perturbations anthropiques contemporaines : dans les mangroves du sud Viêt-Nam : entre nature, civilisations et histoire." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040020.
Full textThis study proposes a geohistorical approach of the mangrove ecosystems in the South Viêt-Nam. It will allow to understand its developments, considering environmental, sociological and economical characteristics. The Mekong Delta region, shaped wetlands and rice fields, was originally based on a civilization that converts the flat areas, thanks to hydrological and hydraulic progress. From 1860, the colonial Cochinchina history has contributed to change the structures, the forestry landscapes and country life. Regarding others modifications, the French Indochina War (1945-1954) and Viêt-Nam War (1945-1975) have contributed to destructions, disruptions, loss of biodiversity in the terrestrial biomes and aquatic ecosystems. On this conflict territory, the distant, enclaved and unhealthy regions became, between engagement and clandestinity, the refuge of the survival Viêt-Minh. The forests, on the alluvium soils - Cân Giò next Saïgon, Cà Mau in the southern tip of Viêt-Nam - were deeply damaged. The spraying of herbicides and defoliants during the chemical war (1961-1971), on the forests and paddy fields, has caused ecological and health effects, bringing about long term consequences. From test sites, spatial modeling and spatial analysis have allowed to rediscover the former landscapes before the wars, understand natural and managed dynamics of vegetation, estimate the post war evolutions. In fact, the conflicts have involved disturbances, change in landscape scale and created new forestry structures. French management, war’s impact on the resources and since 1970, fast expanding aquaculture in the mangrove forests, are so many disruptions
Mendoza, Alexandra. "Les noms de l' entreprise." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10050.
Full textAs symbols of the companies, corporate names play a larger function in the economy than assumed by the French law. Still, the business law addresses the notion of name through different- and sometimes not well known - aspects. The objective of this study is to clarify this matter and try to etablish a unity in the corporate names
Fernandes, Mario David Magalhães Soares. "O direito antitruste brasileiro num cenário econômico globalizado." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2010. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/5728.
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The present paper aims to analyze the impact of effects reletaed to economic globalization in the process of defence of competition adopted by countries, with emphasis in the Brazilian case. The analysis of the subject in question affects in forms of concentration carried out by companies as a result of the process of internationalization of the economy, demonstrating the effects created with this operations, as well as, preventive and repressive means used by the State for preservation of the institute of free initiative and free competition. The work seeks to show how economic globalization affects in science of law and the implications of concentrated operations, consequently this transnationalization of the companies, in the making and application of standards and the laws responsible for competition, as well as, the expertise and motivation of the decisions of the bodies responsible for the defence of competition.
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o impacto dos efeitos relacionados à globalização econômica no processo de defesa da concorrência adotado pelos países, dando ênfase ao caso brasileiro. A análise do tema em questão repercute nas formas de concentração realizadas pelas empresas como resultado do processo de internacionalização da economia, demonstrando os efeitos advindos com referidas operações, bem como, os meios preventivos e repressivos utilizados pelo Estado para preservação do instituto da livre iniciativa e da livre concorrência. O trabalho procura evidenciar a forma como a globalização econômica influi na ciência do direito e as implicações das operações concentradoras, conseqüência desta transnacionalização das empresas, na confecção e aplicação das normas e legislações tutoras da concorrência, assim como na atuação e fundamentação das decisões dos órgãos competentes pela defesa da concorrência.
Messier, Philippe. "Représentations médiatiques et sociales des minoritaires : les pratiques d'appropriation sélective de l'image chez les acteurs locaux du district de Sa Pa, province de Lào Cai, Vietnam." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27569/27569.pdf.
Full textGédéon, Laurent. "Les Hoa au Viet-Nam." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081709.
Full textPhan, Viet Ha. "Les conflits fonciers dans le contexte de la transition agraire aux Hauts Plateaux du centre Vietnam : le cas de la province du Dak Lak." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20064.
Full textThis thesis tries to give a proper typology of land conflicts considered as very sensible topic in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. The province of Dak Lak is chosen as for a case study. The land conflicts are divided in four main types in which there are 20 different under-types by their causes. These land conflicts are analyzed in the agrarian transition context in Vietnam thanks to the politics of Đổi Mới in 1986. The analyses of land conflicts concentrate on their natures, their periods of crisis, their actors and their types of land-use. Then, the causes of conflicts are put in relation with the four windows of the agrarian transition in Vietnam: the integration to the economy of market, the intensification and agricultural expansion, the growth of mobility of the populations and finally the intensification of the legislations. The results show a lot of reciprocal relations between the fundamental conflicts and the elements of the agrarian transition in the Central Highlands of the Vietnam
Chabert, Olivier. "Les campagnes périurbaines de Hà Nôi : espaces et société dans sa transition." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30060.
Full textSince the late 80s, changes in rural areas, a periurbanization and metropolization process have been generated by agrarian reforms, economic transition policies, easier population movement, private business approval, new land use regulations and urbanization development. Hanoi's extension is characterized by the decline of land availability, enlargement of urban limits, and international investments. This "reformist" movement is the driving force of periurban farming that reflects new socio-economic and political issues. The return to household's economy enables a variety of production systems and an improvement of family income. Increase of the demand for consumer goods and new urban living standards are leading to a development of an agricultural belt. Low public investments, and vagueness of the regulatory framework set an open range for private networks. While the State calls for private economic sector participation in order to develop agro-industries and marketing channels, decollectivization and the restructuring of cooperatives haven't erased communal structures. Socio-economic differentiation leads to a greater awareness among farmers in terms of land speculation or commercial and employment opportunities trough strategies of multi-activities. Besides the land use problems, the competition between urban and agricultural activities also raises new issues related to environmental degradation and socio-economic reconversion of the rural population. Initiating by field surveys, we extricate the specificity of suburban spaces and their path within urban insertion through these strategies leading to the apparition of new landscapes
Ngo, Le Minh. "Les murs de façade des maisons du quartier Bui Thi Xuan à Hanoi : relations entre les organisations constructives, formelles et spatiales et les modes d'appropriation de la façade." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/23279/23279.pdf.
Full textThe researching purpose of the thesis is to understand relationships between structure, form, space organization and ways of using the housing's façade in the quarter Bui Thi Xuan, Hanoi. The thesis will make analysis and describe main characters of the housing's façade from the angle of morphology and space use. Researching contents include 4 chapters. Chapter I will state an overview on the situation of Hanoi and Bui Thi Xuan ward, as well as the necessity of the research on the wall of housing's facades in the quarter Bui Thi Xuan and ways of using the housing's façade. Chapters II and III will indicate scientific bases and methodologies of the research in the thesis. These two chapters will focus on clarifying basic concepts of the housing wall, housing's façade as well as its structure, ways of using the façade and researching methodologies. Chapter IV will mention researching results of the thesis by describing and explaining main characters of the housing's façade, the relationship among structure, forms, space organization and ways of using the housing's façade in the quarter Bui Thi Xuan. The thesis will make contributions to clarifying main characters of the architecture of the façade from the angles of structure, form and space as well as indicate the influence of the façade's architecture on ways of using the façade by managing and controlling the indoor and outdoor space of local residents. Finally, this thesis also describes the relation between the functions of interior spaces and the form-space organization of housing's façade in the quarter Bui Thi Xuan.
Tạ, Thị Thúy. "Les Concessions agricoles françaises au Tonkin de 1884 à 1918." Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0104.
Full textThe history of the french agricultural concessions in tonkin between 1884 and 1918 is seen through the socio-economic perspective according the two point of views of economical structure and social structure. This contains the results and the consequences that the concessions had provoked withing colonial economy and rural society. As a result, we will deal with the following problems : - the historical and legal aspect of the topic : traditional rural life ; the agricultural areas and french occupation of the state domains ; regulating the concessions of lands. - incitement of administration for the creation of concessions and in favor of agriculture ; the process of the development of the sucessions and the first influence of rural colonisation. - the concession holders and the manpower : the people, the property and the socio-professional situation of the concession holders in tonkin, hiring, regulation, the three ways of employment of rural manpower. Exploitation of fields, production : concessions, worked surfaces, utilization of the ground, activities and their results. Conclusion : economic and social results
Tran, Hai Nam. "Contribution à la valorisation de l’eau dans les espaces urbains durables : l’exemple de Hà Nội (Việt Nam)." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10211.
Full textWater is the source of life and all the great civilizations were built around rivers. Water not only appears in all activities of human life, but also plays an important role in planning and sustainable development of the city. Hanoi is the capital of Viet Nam that was born from water. With over one thousand years of history, water spaces have been existed in the city with rivers that created the main system and the organic development of the city. Nowadays, rapid urbanization and poor management of the city has threaten all water surfaces in environmental aspects : embankments, flood, open sewers, abandoned wasteland areas. The aim of the research includes two aspects : identifying problems and the roles of residents who control the water surfaces to find out solutions to restore and to improve the value of water surfaces in Hanoi. This thesis also clarifies the role and enhances the value of water in the setting and development of Hanoi capital city, to prove the importance of water in the management and urban planning of Vietnam in general and in Hanoi in particular. In addition, this thesis proposes urban scenarios that can better integrate water surfaces in the sustainable urbanization. Finally, the research also confirmed the hypothesis that the water is able to participate in the establishment and strengthening of specific urban identity
Kovács, Lenke. "Estudi i edició crítica de les consuetes del Dijous Sant (núm. 19, 27, 38 i 42), del Divendres Sant (núm. 20, 28, 39 i 43), del Davallament de la Creu (núm. 21, 41 i 49) i de la Resurrecció (núm. 22) del Manuscrit Llabrés (Ms. 1139 de la." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/288211.
Full textThis thesis has as its main objective the study and critical edition of the four passion plays included in the very important dramatic Majorcan play codex (end of the sixteenth century), known as the Llabrés Manuscript (Ms. 1139 of the Biblioteca de Catalunya). These four passion plays, each of which contains a play for Maundy Thursday and Good Friday, can be considered the central pivot for the other plays included in the manuscript either for prefiguring some scene of the Passion of Christ or for illustrating some aspect of the history of Redemption. The four passion plays, edited and analysed in the present thesis, and formed by the plays nº 19 (Consueta del Ditious Sanct, folios 73ra-75ra), nº 20 (Consueta del Divendres Sant, folios 75ra-76rb), nº 21 (Cobles del Devallement de la Creu, folios 76va-77vb) and nº 22 (Consueta de la Resurectió de Jesucrist Nostre Senyor, folios 78ra-80vb); the plays nº 27 (Consueta del Ditious Sant, folios 103ra-106vb) and nº 28 (Consueta del Divendres Sant, folios 107ra-109rb); the plays nº 38 (Consueta del Ditious Sant, folios 162ra-167vb), nº 39 (Consueta del Divendres Sant, folios 168ra-170vb) and nº 41 (Consueta del Devallament, folios 175ra-176vb) and the plays nº 42 (Representatió per lo Ditious de çena, folios 177ra-185va), nº 43 (Consueta del Divendres Sant, folios 186ra-188vb) and nº 49 (Representatió del Devallament de la Creu, folio 234ra). Apart from establishing the text of the twelve consuetes or plays of the Passion cycle of the Llabrés Manuscript, all except for nº 21 unpublished, we offer the linguistic analysis of the plays, we examine their textual sources and we situate them in the Catalan and European tradition of passion plays, taking into account their originality and significance.
Phan, Bao An. "La ville-port de Dà Nang : les problèmes urbains et sociaux de al mondialisation." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3037.
Full textMignot, Elise. "Recherches sur les noms composés de type nom + nom en anglais contemporain." Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040192.
Full textThis study first examines the morphological and syntactical characteristics of compound nouns (of the type noun + noun) and the semantic relationships between the two nouns. It then broadens its scope to look at the discursive role of the first noun and presents the contexts in which compound nouns occur. This leads to identifying two groups of compound nouns : singly-stressed or doubly-stressed. These two groups of compound nouns are the result of two different formation processes. For singly-stressed compound nouns, the relationship between the two nouns is based on an underlying discourse. In the formation process, the compound noun follows (syntactically and semantically) another type of noun phrase. For doubly-stressed compound nouns, the two bases are brought together at the time of enunciation. The first noun synthesizes a discourse, from which it derives its qualifying function
Nguyen, Thai Huyen. "Ambition technopolitaine, projet d'urbanisme et planification urbaine : les limites et avantages d'un modèle, le cas de la région de Hanoï." Bordeaux 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR30010.
Full textTechnology parks appear as another step in the process of industrialization. Due to the change in the economic environment of industrial production in a highly competitive global economy, innovation capacity is a key factor in competitiveness. Technology parks are becoming a model attracting interest from the newly industrialized countries and emerging countries due to their ability to stimulate the economy and accelerate technology transfer. Like other countries in the peninsula of Southeast Asia and wanting to fit in the competitive worldwide market, the Vietnamese government expressed its desire to create high-tech parks or "science parks", post-1992, leading to the creation of Hoa Lac high-tech park in Hanoi and Saigon high-tech park in Ho Chi Minh City. Our thesis is in part to try to remedy the weaknesses of the implementation process of technology parks as this is considered a key element for promoting the development of high technology in emerging economies. The thesis sought to answer the following questions: What is the planning process and establishment of science parks or high-tech parks in Vietnam? In the social, cultural and economic context of Vietnam, what lessons (knowledge and expertise) can we learn from the process of the development of existing Asian and European science parks? The thesis provides updated knowledge of the development process of high-tech parks in the countries of Southeast Asia in general and Vietnam in particular. Prior to this thesis, there was a lack of literature covering this subject area. The research has identified the conditions that we consider necessary to promote successful developments of high-tech parks within the Vietnamese context. The thesis stipulates both the potentials and risks of these proposals
Benichou, Marcel. "Une Destruction d'idées reçues, le Viet-Nam, 1972-1982, les deux Viet-Nam." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375958950.
Full textTribout, Delphine. "Les conversions de nom à verbes et de verbes à nom en français." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070080.
Full textIn the theoretical framework of the lexematic morphology, the thesis is devoted to two lexeme-formation processes in French: noun to verb conversion and verb to noun conversion. Both formal and semantic properties of the two processes are presented and a formal representation is proposed within HPSG's framework. First, the two main properties of conversion are discussed, namely the phonological identity between the two lexemes and the fact that they belong to different parts-of-speech. The data which are cases of conversion according to these two properties are delimited. Then the problem of the directionality of conversion is examined and the criteria which are usually used to determine the directionality of conversion are evaluated. The thesis argues that these criteria are not satisfactory, and a new reliable criterion is proposed, which relies on the morphological analysis of the lexemes. Other clues to the directionality of conversion are evaluated, but the conclusion is that often the directionality of the derivation cannot be determined by means of linguistic criteria. Finally, morphophonological and semantic properties of both conversions are examined, and a formal representation of allomorphies and semantics is proposed within HPSG's framework
Papageorgiou, Eleni. "Les déterminants du nom en grec moderne." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H020.
Full textDinh, Van Minh. "Les recours contre les actes administratifs individuels au Viet Nam." Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10019.
Full textThis thesis aims at researching the mechanism of settling complaints against the administrative decisions or acts in Vietnam through analyzing the weaknesses of the mechanism and proposing solutions to overcome these weaknesses, contributing to the protection of citizens' rights and making the country's legal frameworks in line with international standards on this field. In conducting this research, we tried to make comparisons with the models of China and France, the two countries that, due to historical factors, have had great cultural and legal influences on Vietnam. This thesis consists of two parts : Part I : Complaints settled by competent administrative authorities - a phase that necessary but insufficient to deal with complaints against administrative decisions or acts ; Part II : Complaints settled following judicial procedures - an essential mechanism for effectively dealing with complaints against administrative decisions or acts
Beretz, Élise. "Ombre et mémoire de la guerre du Vietnam dans les élections présidentielles américaines depuis 1992 /." Paris ; Budapest ; Kinshasa [etc.] : [Strasbourg] : l'Harmattan ; [Institut d'études politiques, Université Robert-Schuman], 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40237479h.
Full textPham, Thuy duong. "L'accord sur les ADPIC : les perspectives du droit vietnamien de la propriété intellectuelle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020043.
Full textIntellectual property rights are the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time. The WTO’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), negotiated in the 1986-94 Uruguay Round, introduced intellectual property rules into the multilateral trading system for the first time. Vietnam became the 150th member of the WTO since January 11, 2007. As Viet Nam stated in the TRIPS Council in 2008, the Civil Code of 1995, which introduced the basic principles of property, including intellectual property, was the fundamental text representing a turning point in Vietnamese efforts to become a market economy. The Civil Code was revised in 2005 by Law No. 33/2005/QH11, re-stipulating the basic civil principles of intellectual property rights. The Civil Code is the basis on which the whole universe of IPRs is regulated by IP legislation in Viet Nam. The Law on Intellectual Property (Law No. 50/2005/QH11 of 29 November 2005) was amended and supplemented in 2009 (Law No. 36/2009/QH12). This Law covers comprehensively the full range of full IPRs. Implementing provisions are generally regulated by decrees and circulars. Research of national legislation allows us to understand the integration of this Agreement in the domestic system. But it still requires a more effective regulatory system by doing research on legal problems
Wirz, Olivier. "Les sociétés en nom collectif au XVIIIème siècle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020024.
Full textThe most common form of partnership used in France during the eighteenth century was general partnership, société en nom collectif. As a partnership and trade model it was already well known and was used by both the merchant and the business communities. The 1673 commercial order, ordonnance du commerce, refers to it as a general partnership because this was the form most commonly chosen to create a company/partnership. Whereas the names of the partners in a general partnership were in the public domain, with these partners assuming unlimited liability for company debt, the names of partners in other forms of company at that time, such as limited partnerships or anonymous companies, generally remained undisclosed. Although this ambiguous situation was to have consequences, the various changes taking place during the 18th century did not affect the basic principles of the general partnership, with the model remaining unchanged under the 1807 Commercial Code review of partnerships: acknowledgement of the fact that it was a coherent and durable model. A wide variety of companies was examined by referring to 18th century French records in order to evaluate the main characteristics of these companies and the reasons why business people opted for this model. This research involved examining the ways in which such partnerships were created and built and the conditions required for their growth and development, as well as management of risk. In addition, this company model was examined in relation to difficulties arising from both loss of partners and winding up of business activity, whether voluntary or involuntary. This study examines the foundations, scope and risks and difficulties encountered by general partnerships
Condret-Santi, Valérie. "Les difficultés d'accès au nom sur entrée visuelle." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2642/.
Full textNaming is a really easy skill that we do every day. All it complexity pop up when we cannot retrieve a name. However, quantifying success or failure is not always enough to reveal a difficulty. Complaint, characterize and quantify the different word naming failures, measuring latencies can be very helpful to reveal impaired mechanisms in ageing or pathologies such as temporal lobe epilepsies. Proper names as unique items have a special status in naming. It is important to understand the underlining process because it could also point at a possible difficulty. The aim of this thesis is to develop protocols allowing us to find the best method to capture these markers. The transverse methodology in most of the studies is the naming latencies, with the calculation of median response times, but also minimum response time, in order to better understanding the notion of latency. Naming remains a complex process asking for expensive time stages (study 1, article in preparation), in which the proper nouns hold a very particular place. Dominant temporal lobe epileptic patients recall fewer items; 4 % of objects, and 20 % of celebrities, and it less quickly; 226 ms for objects and 278 ms for the celebrities (study 2, article in revision) that the controls participants. The difficulties of these patients are strengthened for the proper nouns, supporting their peculiarity. It is usually admitted that the more we age, the more it is difficult to retrieve words in memory. The complaint even it is subjective, is a fast criterion of evaluation. We have, thanks to the study of cohort PAQUID (Personnes âgées - Elderly QUID), estimated the complaint in the general population of more than 65 years old. 64 % of the elderly complain about difficulties to retrieve proper nouns against 30 % for common nouns (study 3, published article). This complaint doesn't predict an evolution towards dementia, but underlines undoubtedly a normal process of ageing. We notice in the study PAQUID, that the complaint concerning proper nouns is almost two times higher than the complaint concerning objects, category of the proper nouns within the category of the proper nouns within the lexicon would be more sensitive thus subjectively to the ageing. We conclude this work by a synthesis and a discussion of all these results with a specific attention on latencies of word production regarding the existing literature
Fournier, Ismaël. "Stratégie américaine et guerre hybride au Vietnam : les succès contre-insurrectionnels américains et le spectre militaro-hybride qui engendra l'impasse militaire au Vietnam, 1960-1972." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34416.
Full textMohameden, Negrech. "La Gérance collective dans les S.A.R.L. et les sociétés en nom collectif." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375998175.
Full textMohameden, Negrech. "La gérance collective dans les SARL et les sociétés en nom collectif." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE0023.
Full textMounier-Kuhn, Alain. "Les Services de santé militaires et les médecins militaires français pendant la conquête et la pacification du Tonkin et de l'Annam (Mars 1882-31 décembre 1896)." Littoral, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003DUNK0094.
Full textA study is carried out about organisation and functioning of the three french military medical corps which served either with land forces or afloat battle ships and ambulance ships during the conquest of Tonkin from 1882 to 1896. Special features of every of these three Health Services, Navy, Army and Colonial medical services, allow comparisons on their effectiveness and their failing. An appaling tropical pathology induced a very high rate of mortality among the troops of the expeditionary Corps. A sociological study based on the confidential records of 127 army medical officerswho served in Tonkin allows to compare the social position and military career of these officers in the Navy, the Army and the Colonial Office at that time
Lin, Hua. "Les relations sino-françaises au Viet-Nam 1945-1946." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0042.
Full textSeptember 1945, a large number of Chinese troops entered Northern Vietnam and Northem Laos under the orders of allied force to disarm and repatriate Japanese troops and to insure public order there. The situation was very complicated in post-war Vietnam : Viet minh had just taken over the power and proclaimed national independence of Vietnam, the Vietnamese nationalist parties who came back with Chinese troops wanted to set up their regime, and above all, the French who had been overthrown by the Japanese on 9 March 1945 wanted to come back by all means. . . The Chinese central authorities wanted to help the French in regaining northern Indochina, while certain Chinese military chiefs of staff preferred a longer occupation. Thus not unlike 60 years earlier, two armies, Chinese and French, were about to confront again in Vietnam. Serious conflicts took place between two armies, in spite of Chinese government's pro French politics. Finally, the French came back to Northern Vietnam not without big compromises in favour of Chinese government. Sino-French transactions did not bring peace neither prosperity to Vietnam : war broke out in December 1946. Contributes to the understanding of the causes of Vietnamese war as well
Godin, Johann. "Les relations Etat-entreprises dans le Viet Nam contemporain." Paris 7, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA070083.
Full textRenovation policy changes enterprises environment. It renews the connection between enterprises and state. How is the interconnection between state apparatus and economic handlers now formed? Economic activities press upon new bases: private property, deals, search for benefits, offer and demand power. The state recognises thereafter autonomous economic handler' s decisions. It resorts to incitement towards contractors and governs by the law. Entrepreneurs' adaptation to economic market creates a period of shakiness. Freed from bureaucratic authority, they face an experimental deconstruction's conjuncture. Action models are eclectic and economic circuits are transformed. The state uses this opportunity to strengthen its implication and implement the Party's economic development strategy. It may influence economic protagonists, theoretically free but dispersed and dependent. First enterprises are in keeping with state-controlled society; they are working inside a field defined and ordered by state. Second, state offers to support enterprises. Founder of the legal frame, it organises the new socio-economic structure. It offers a financial and practical support and a protection against competition. Implicated in services' field, it may distribute resources. It promotes public enterprises to make them the driving force of the development dynamic. .
Fortunel, Frederic. "L'ÉTAT, LES PAYSANNERIES ET LES CULTURES COMMERCIALES PÉRENNES DANS LES PLATEAUX DU CENTRE VIÊT NAM." Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00547703.
Full textBachman, Peggy. "L'autonomie financière des métropoles internationales." Thèse, Lyon 3, 2007. http://scd.univ-lyon3.fr/information-sur-les-theses-indisponibles-894416.kjsp?RH=SCD-NUM-thes.
Full textTwo dimensions of the financial autonomy of metropolises are presented : financial potential and financial power. Based on two case studies, one of Lyon, the other of Montreal, this thesis seeks to show that a financial autonomy model is a strategic dimension in the development of the international metropolises. The findings result in two different metropolitan portraits. One emphasizes the importance of financial power : in Lyon, the debate over financial autonomy chiefly concerns the ways of guaranteeing its financial power, while its financial potential remains relatively intact. The other emphasizes the role of financial potential : in Montreal, the main problem concerns its financial potential and the question of whether this problem should be resolved before even attempting to deal with the question of financial power. The complementarity and interdependance of these two dimensions translate directly into choices in policy and strategic planning around a unifying element : the citizen
Aubert, Stéphane. "La dynamique du temps et le climat de la Roumanie." Lyon 3, 2007. http://scd.univ-lyon3.fr/information-sur-les-theses-indisponibles-894416.kjsp?RH=SCD-NUM-thes.
Full textIn the east of the Alps, Romania is with the crossroads of the trajectories borrowed by the mPh resulting from space atlantico-European. The arched form of Carpates takes part as much in the retention as with the scission of the masses of air and the acceleration of flows. With the right of the carpatic curve, the AMP are diffusedt in range above the Romanian plain where they cause powerful Mediterranean advections. Climatic dynamic associates the repetition of characteristic aerological structures, meteorotypes which are the mark of a confrontation and the atmospheric brutality in charge for a distinct seasonal cutting between two principal seasons and two curtailed middle seasons. With before and with the back of this range, the seasonal rhythm is less distinct. But on the scale of the interannual evolution, the climate records a succession increasingly faster aerological structures, meteorotypes and "seasons” increasingly more distinct. Orographical node with the borders of the Central and Eastern Europe, Romania holds the climatic characteristics of these areas. Four climatic spaces are distinguished. Western extra-carpatic Romania belongs to climatic space central-European with a strong solar radiation, modest rainfall but with a summer dryness and a temperature pattern marked by a strong amplitude. Eastern extra-carpatic Romania with some southern periphery of the Eastern and Russian Europe conditions characterized by least lasted of the sunning, an average annual amplitude thermal less low but with very rigorous winters and summers a little less hot, modest annual rainfall but snowy and a mode of constant wind of northern sector in east. Transylvania consigns a hypertrophied outgrowth of the climatic conditions listed to the west with basins intra-carpatic prolongation of the Moldavian climatic conditions. Southern extra-carpatic Romania with weather conditions strongly modified by a geographical situation open on the Black Sea in the axis of the carpatic curve
Bagneris, Jean-Charles. "Quatre essais sur les émissions obligataires ouvrant accès au capital de l'émetteur." Lyon 3, 2007. http://scd.univ-lyon3.fr/information-sur-les-theses-indisponibles-894416.kjsp?RH=SCD-NUM-thes.
Full textThis thesis addresses the problem of bonds accompanied by a call option on the issuer's equity, i. E. Convertibles bonds or bonds with warrants. It is especially concerned with the reasons for which an issuing firm would choose those securities in the first place. The document is divided in four essays, each of those ones being self-contained. Two essays are literature reviews, the first one about theoretical work, the second one about empirical studies. These essays should set the overall frame of the study and avoid too heavy introductions in the following ones. The next two essays are especially devoted to the sequential financing problem. First, we introduce a model based on the cash-flows paid by or to the issuer, depending on the security issued, convertible bond of bond with warrants. Then, a case study research on Ubisoft is developped, because this firm, listed on the French stock market, issued bonds with call options on its equity four times during the 1996-2006 decade
Nguyen, Huu-Chi. "Secteur informel, emploi pour les travailleurs ruraux, et processus d'intégration économique : le cas du Delta du Fleuve Rouge (Vietnam)." Paris 13, 2012. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2012_nguyen.pdf.
Full textThis thesis aims to examine the characteristics of the informal economy (informal sector and employment) and its role in creating employment and income for rural workers. It focuses on the case of the Red River Delta (RRD) in the context of economic integration in Vietnam. This is the most populated region with a high pressure on the labour market. Unlike most of the studies reviewed in the literature, we examine the informal sector not only in urban but also rural areas, thus the comparison is central to the thesis. After a review of the literature in developing countries, in transition countries, and in Vietnam, an empirical analysis of the characteristics and the dynamics of the informal sector in rural and urban areas in the RRD in both macro- and micro- perspectives, is performed. In the period of economic integration, we find that this region is marked by considerable structural changes with a significant decline in the share of agricultural employment, in parallel with a sharp increase of the employment in non-farm household businesses, particularly in the informal sector. The comparative analysis of the informal sector between rural and urban areas shows that the informal sector is not only an urban phenomenon as usually stressed in the literature, but is also a crucial component in rural areas, especially in the RRD. The role of the informal economy in creating jobs and income for rural workers is studied in two directions: first, through an analysis aimed at highlighting the earnings differentials between farm and non-farm employment; and second, through the analyses of the determinants of sectoral allocation (formal/informal) and earnings of rural migrants on urban labour markets. To address these issues, we use various individual databases (including panel data). The results show that rural workers can earn more when they engage in non-farm activities instead of working only in agriculture, but it is not always true for all types of non-farm employment. In many cases, non-farm jobs (such as informal wage workers) are not as rewarding as farm jobs. Women benefit less than men when they have non-farm employment, especially when they are informally employed. When migrating to urban areas, rural workers engage prevalently in informal jobs. Being informally employed in the urban labour market is significantly correlated with having the intention of seeking another job, an indicator of job dissatisfaction. Furthermore, the results of earnings gaps suggest that informal workers suffer from a general disadvantage on the urban labour market in the RRD, regardless of their migration status. However, among all workers who migrate to urban centres in this region, the informal workers who come from rural areas are those who face the greatest penalties
Vo, Sang Xuan Hoang. "La formation comme modalité de coordination dans les joint-ventures internationales : le cas des joint-ventures franco-vietnamiennes." Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090009.
Full textSeibel, Bernadette. "Au nom du livre analyse sociale d'une profession, les bibliothécaires /." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37609857q.
Full textValino, Maria de Lurdes. "Quem não sabe ler nem escrever pede favor. Até quando?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-20062007-113059/.
Full textBased on the idea that, beginning in a school and with a higher access to a literate world are factors to change one\'s identity, this research had focused on the investigation of what modifications would happen to teenagers and adults illiterate after a literate course on the Teenagers and Adults Education. The \"corpus\" is supported by 15 statements of students between the ages of 16 to 56 years old. Those who took part of an evening literate course in a private school in Sao Paulo city. It was obtained from interviews happened at 3 different parts of the year, when it was tried to understand how, historically, someone grew up as illiterate and how did he or she deal with his or her undertaken self image and social image: the meaning of being illiterate; the wiliness and the necessity to learn how to read and write; the easy and hard factors faced during the literate process; the expectation on the Teenagers and Adults Education course; the beginning on the school and the access to a literate world; the perspective of changes and the resistance to the literate process. As higher the perception of the lack was, shown on the statements, this work focused on the illiterate, and with the conception between literate and illiterate, and what is implied around the illiterate, and with conception of identity as a process in continuous changing and the possibility of keeping the development. Based on, mostly, Ciampa, Erikson and Goffman, between other references, the result of this work pointed to the evidence that the changes on teenagers and adults illiterate identity happens by every day winning of difficulties, which consists on the changing from illiterate to literate. This changes are described in five stages: 1) the perception of the lack; 2) the search for correction of something that was wrong; 3) the understanding that the student is a student; 4) the stage when he or she writes his or her own name; and 5) the edge passed throw that is not always predictable, which is the facing of the difficulties related to the learning of reading and writing as much as the process of building up as a reader and a writer in a higher literate context.
Seibel, Bernadette. "Au nom du livre : analyse sociale d'une profession : les bibliothécaires." Paris, EHESS, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987EHES0054.
Full textA survey of the social origin, academic background and working experience leading to enter the librarian career reveals the various changes in the way the librarians perform their job and consider their social role - the fact on increasing number of librarians come from the low-middle class and the lower classes while the public asks for more information and cultural activities favours an increasing professional specialization and consequently a significant diversity of approach
Coello, Schaudel Barbara. "Impact de l'ouverture commerciale sur les ménages au Viet-Nam." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010050.
Full textLe, Quoc Hung. "A propos du compartiment : une réflexion sur les modèles d'habitat dans le développement urbain d'Ho Chi Minh-Ville : du transfert à l'évolution." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083263.
Full textBorn from a context in which the colonial power has dominated and opened South-East Asia to a world economy from the 16th century, the prototype of an oblong housing type - used both as residential and commercial building, known as compartiment chinois in French, and shophouse in English – is ubiquitous in every city of that region. Despite of its great diversity, physically and etymologically, according to places, times and contexts, the impact of the Chinese migrants and of the European colonization in the production of these building forms is widely acknowledged. Known as nhà ông (lit. “tube house”), or nhà phô (lit. “street house”) in common Vietnamese, this prototype is ubiquitous in Ho Chi Minh city where it plays a diversified and important role as “vector” of urbanization, despite of its controversial origins. Since the Economic Reform initiated in the late 1980s which opened the country to a context of globalization, the production of these dwelling forms is part of the urban development and modernization, of emerging economic and cultural exchanges with foreign countries through the media, tourism and foreign investment in particular. Since then, foreign and “exotic” building forms, styles and urban planning principles are becoming “ordinary” cityscapes under the new urbanism of Vietnam. Our discussion is about the production and evolution of these dwelling forms and their role in the process of urbanization and urban planning in Ho Chi Minh city. This research is organized into three parts. The first one is devoted to identify the image of the nhà phô as residential form on one hand, and to light up its dwelling style in the context of Ho Chi Minh city today on the other. The second part concerns the issue of urbanization, aiming to explore the socio-economic and political conditions within which it results in the spread and production of the nhà phô. The third part is to discuss how the “transnational cityscapes”, especially in residential buildings and styles, are adopted and applied to the homes of Vietnamese people and to the urban planning, and how this nhà phô gives a sense of national identity and modernity in urban planning
Thaidigsmann, Karoline. "Lagererfahrung und Identität literarische Spiegelungen sowjetischer Lagerhaft in Texten von Varlam Šalamov, Lev Konson, Naum Nim und Andrej Sinjavskij." Heidelberg Winter, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997984082/04.
Full textBak, Monika. "Les constructions verbe causatif + nom d’émotion : aspects linguistiques et pistes didactiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAL019/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a study the linguistic relationships between nominal predicates and causative verbs the names of emotions and causative verbs according to the methodology established in the ANR-DFG Emolex project (www.emolex.eu). This work lies in linking linguistic descriptions of collocations V + N in the cause and didactic transposition of these constructions from the observation of the corpus, which is still little discussed in the didactic of French as a Foreign Language (FLE). We aim to meet three main objectives: 1) to identify the most "representatives" collocations in the corpus according to degree of attraction of their components, based on lexical and statistical methods ; 2) the identification of syntactic-semantic relations between their components; 3) didactic application of the results of linguistic research in a didactic perspective of FLE in particular by making mind maps. Mind maps provide innovative ways for teaching/ learning these language elements to non-native Francophone students (Cavalla et al. 2015)
Lima, Michelle. "Leitura literária e a Lei 10.639/03 num romance de Pepetela." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2017. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5740.
Full textThe worry about African culture teaching as a strategy against racism in the Brazilian classrooms is indeed great, but also legitimately recent. The reason is that only in 2003, with the promulgation of the law 10.639, it has become an obligation to schools working ways of teaching African and Afro-Brazilian culture as an attempt to repair the manner in which black people has been treated in Brazil. Linked to the draft law 10.639/03, we developed an action research in a public school in order to provide students from high school's first year a contact with Angolan literature. The literary piece chosen was As Aventuras de Ngunga, Pepetela's work written in 1972 during the colonial war in Angola. Furthermore, we proposed a didactic sequence to rethink racism in Brazil. In this way, the research objective is to demonstrate the possibility of using African literature in high school classrooms as a way of fighting against racism. Through the achieved results, we found that awareness about the law 10.639/03 is almost absent in school, as well as discussions about racism and prejudice, literature and African culture are almost nonexistent in the schools routine. As an attempt of revert this reality, we wish for this work to motivate educators in all knowledge areas and mainly literature teachers to undo stereotypes and prejudices associated to Negro through the acknowledgement and appreciation of Africans and Afro-descendants history and culture. We used Cosson (2011) and (2014), Compagnon (1999), Eco (2003) and (2005), Bordini and Aguiar (1998) as theoretical input, to develop conceptions concerning literary reading and the reader's relevance. Kabenguele (2005), Gomes (2005), Cavalleiro (2003) for reflection about racism and the law 10,639/03 awareness in classrooms. Authors like Domingues (2007) and Gonçalves e Silva (2000) to speak for the Black Movement in Brazil. In addition to these authors, Chaves (2004) and Fonseca e Moreira (2007) to ponder on Angolan literature.
A preocupação com o ensino das culturas africanas como estratégia de combate ao racismo nas salas de aula brasileiras é até grande, mas também, legitimamente recente. Isso porque apenas em 2003, com a promulgação da lei 10.639, tornou-se dever da escola trabalhar o ensino da cultura africana e afro-brasileira como tentativa de reparar a maneira com que o povo negro foi/é tratado no Brasil. Atrelado à proposta da Lei 10.639/03, desenvolvemos uma pesquisa-ação numa escola pública estadual para propiciar aos alunos do 1º ano do ensino médio o contato com a literatura angolana. O texto literário escolhido foi As Aventuras de Ngunga, obra de Pepetela escrita em 1972 durante a guerra colonial de Angola. Além disso, propomos uma sequência didática para repensar o racismo no Brasil. Dessa maneira, o objetivo da pesquisa é demonstrar a possibilidade de trabalhar literatura africana nas aulas de literatura do ensino médio como possibilidade de combater o racismo. Por intermédio dos resultados alcançados, constatamos que o conhecimento da Lei 10.639/03 é quase nulo no ambiente escolar, bem como as discussões sobre racismo, literatura e cultura africana são quase inexistentes no dia a dia dos alunos. Como tentativa de reverter essa realidade, desejamos que este trabalho motive educadores de todas as áreas do saber, e principalmente os professores de literatura, a desfazerem os estereótipos e preconceitos associados ao negro por meio do conhecimento e da valorização da história e cultura dos africanos e afrodescendentes. Utilizamos como aporte teórico Cosson (2011) e (2014), Compagnon (1999), Eco (2003) e (2005), Bordini e Aguiar (1998), entre outros, para desenvolver as concepções sobre leitura literária e a importância do leitor. Kabenguele (2005), Gomes (2005), Cavalleiro (2003) para refletir sobre o racismo e a Lei 10.639/03 em sala de aula. E autores como Domingues (2007) e Gonçalves e Silva (2000) para falar do Movimento Negro no Brasil. Além de Chaves (2004) e Fonseca e Moreira (2007) para refletir sobre a literatura angolana.
Delattre, Éric. "L'évaluation du changement de nom des entreprises par les marchés financiers." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090015.
Full textThe name is the key element in any organization identity. Decisions to modify corporate names entail marketing, strategic and financial effects. The objective is often to help turn the company name into a strong corporate brand. The basic issue in this study centers upon the value of corporate name changes as signals of real or desired modification of corporate identity, thus emphasizing the investors' reactions and the value creation attached to corporate name changing. The event study demonstrates that announcements of corporate name changes are associated with significant increases in stock prices for companies quoted on Euronext Stock Exchange. There are three potential value creation processes: the intrinsic value of any signal, the value of signal content (i. E. Identity modification) and the value of communication on changes. The study also underlines the influence of analysts' recommendations and the influence of elements relating to the announcements, the selected names and the characteristics of the changes
Nguyen, Xuan Nghia. "Religion, Etat et Société : trente cinq ans de sécularisme, sécularisation et désécularisation chez les catholiques de Ho Chi Minh -Ville (1975-2009)." Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20001.
Full textThis research analyses the tripartite relationship between: Religion – here the Catholicism of the South Vietnam and more particularly to Ho Chi Minh City – State and Society. But these relations register in the very particular circumstances. Since 1975, Vietnamese Catholicism was confronted to a double transition, that driving towards a socialist model, then since 1986, the one who, with resurgence “ Doi moi ”, introduced the capitalist market. The application of the paradigm of secularization revised with three dimensions (institutional, organizational and individual) in the analysis of these relations proves to be efficacious since intervene correlations between these dimensions and that the process of secularization is not a single-line, irreversible evolution. Research also announces us repercussions of international context at the same time as those of socioeconomic context on the religious culture of the country
Vila, Muniente Maria. "Construcció del nom propi i convenció de les majúscules amb ulls d'infants." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1286.
Full textLa investigació consta d'un estudi psicolingüístic el qual es porta a terme mitjançant un conjunt de tasques per poder indagar com interpreten els infants participants els noms propis en tres situacions distintes: a) el reconeixement de noms propis amb la imatge present, en un conte en llengua catalana, (la llengua habitual) i en un conte en anglès (llengua desconeguda) per poder detectar el procés evolutiu de reconeixement de les majúscules en els noms propis, b) l'ús de la majúscula en un text de producció espontània per poder observar l'ús que els infants en fan espontàniament i les explicitacions dels infants participants i c) el desenvolupament dels components del nom propi, una conversa dialogada i estructurada sobre els components del nom propi personal ens forneix les dades pertinents.
L'anàlisi dels resultats dels noms propis mostren que hi ha uns noms més fàcils de reconèixer que d'altres. Els infants als anys interpreten les grafies (minúscules i majúscules) emprant justificacions perceptives que no sempre coincideixen amb l convenció normativa, ja que relacionen l'alçada dels trets ascendent i descendent de les grafies amb l'alçada de l'objecte, fet que sol superar-se als 6 anys. Així mateix, interpreten els noms propis personals mitjançant justificacions perceptives, coincidint amb la interpretació convencional de les grafies, fent-ne la segmentació fonològica adequada. Els infants, a partir dels 6 anys, solen explicitar les normes d'ús convencional de les majúscules en els noms propis sense fer-ne l'ús apropiat.
El reconeixement de noms propis personals en un text en llengua anglesa mostra que identifiquen, en un inici, les dues funcions de les majúscules en una única funció: la majúscula en funció distintiva que inicia els noms propis personals. Posteriorment, els infants reconeixen la doble funcionalitat de les majúscules i assenyalen la successió de noms propis personals per la majúscula i els signes de puntuació propis de l'enumeració (la coma, els dos punts i el punt que tanca la frase).
El reconeixement de noms propis en un conte en llengua catalana ens mostra que els noms propis per excel·lència són els noms propis personals. Però els noms personals que pertanyen al doble àmbit denominatiu (nom propi i nom comú) ofereixen dubtes de sentit, fet que sembla demostrar que la majúscula no és l'únic aspecte que els fa decidir que un nom és un nom propi. A més a més, la menció de la semblança a un altre nom personal i les distintes interpretacions lèxiques d'algunes paraules gràfiques els fan interpretar paraules d'altres categories com a nom propi. Els noms de topònims urbans i locals, aparentment, no resulten estranys pel nom en ell mateix, sinó pel fet de no ser emprat en el context de comunicació familiar i social, segons les respostes dels infants. Els noms comuns que són susceptibles de ser especificats amb un nom propi també requereixen un procés d'apropiació perquè el nom propi sigui interpretat com a tal. Els adjectius proposats com a nom propi han estat acceptats i refusats tant en el text escrit com en el text oral.
L'ús de la majúscula en funció demarcativa és gairebé absent en la majoria de textos. Val a dir que s'inicia en l'escriptura de textos tant de la frase com del conte. En els inicis l'ús d'aquesta funció desequilibra l'ús de la majúscula en funció distintiva. De fet, la majúscula en funció demarcativa requereix alguns coneixements de l'organització del text: han de reconèixer l'inici del text i l'inici de la frase, i la possible relació entre les frases que van organitzant l'addició de frases que formen el text. L'ús de l'apòstrof produeix hiposegmentació entre l'article de presentació i el nom propi, l'article de presentació en coincidir amb la majúscula en funció demarcativa presenta dubtes de l'ús de la majúscula en els noms propis personals.
Els onze components indagats que formen la categoria de nom propi estan uns desenvolupats i d'altres desenvolupant-se. Els desenvolupats als 5 anys són: designació i permanència i estabilitat; als 6 anys els anteriors més el referent i als 7 anys els anteriors més el nom propi pot tenir diferents posseïdors, dos noms propis designen un mateix subjecte, l'arbitrarietat, la funció d'anomenar i la d'identificar. Els components que estan desenvolupant-se als 7 anys són els límits entre el nom comú i el nom propi, la relació de simetria del nom propi i l'adjectiu en qualitat de nom propi personal.
Com a conclusió podem dir que el procés d'apropiació de les majúscules en funció distintiva és diferent que el de les majúscules en funció demarcativa. Cada funció de les majúscules requereix un tipus de coneixement textual. El procés d'apropiació dels elements que componen el nom propi és independent de l'ús de la majúscula en els noms propis.
Es constata que els processos d'apropiació d'ús de la majúscula en funció distintiva estan relacionats amb les paraules que fan de referent del nom propi (el sentit lèxic), amb els signes de puntuació (coma, dos punts, punt i (apòstrof) i amb la interpretació de les grafies de l'alfabet. Així mateix l'ús de la majúscula en funció demarcativa es constata que requereix l'assoliment de l'inici i l'acabament de la frase i, per això, cal que estableixen relacions entre les frases.
La principal aportació didàctica és la constància que els infants són sensibles a les característiques gràfiques de les grafies (els trets ascendents i descendents) i les utilitzen per justificar la distinció entre majúscules i minúscules. És a partir d'aquests coneixements que s'hauria d'organitzar la intervenció didàctica.
How do children adapt to the use of capital letters? This is the question under research; consisting of a psycholinguistic study by means of tasks of recognition of pairs of homograph names: the image and the nominal category (proper name and common name), recognition of proper names in a story in Catalan and in another in English and in spontaneous production, and recognition of the components of the linguistic category of the proper name.
Analysis of the results of proper names shows that some names are more easily recognised than others. The 5-year-olds taking part interpret the graphemes by means of perceptive justifications, relating the height of the grapheme with that of the object.
Recognition of personal proper names in the English text shows that they notice the capital letter graphemes, but that, at first, they only recognise the distinctive function. Later, at 6 years, they recognise the dual function of the use of capitals and also the properties of punctuation signs with regard to lists.
The recognition of proper names in a story in Catalan shows us that the capital letter is the formal indicator noticed; however personal names belonging to the double denominative ambit (proper and common name) offer doubts in meaning. This also happens with place names and with adjectives, in both written and oral texts.
In their own productions the use of the capital letter with a defining function is absent in the majority of texts, in both sentences and in stories. At first the use of this function produces an imbalance with the use of the capital letter in its distinctive function; and the use of the apostrophe produces hypo-segmentation between the presenting article and the proper name.
We have found that the process of understanding of capital letters in the distinctive function is different from that for capital letters in the defining function, since each capital letter function requires a type of textual knowledge. The process of appropriating the elements composing the linguistic category of the proper name is independent of the use of capitals for proper names.
Tailliez, Stéphanie. "Les investissements étrangers au Viêt-nam : entre la faucille et le marteau /." [Montréal] : Université de Montréal, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/umontreal/fullcit?pNQ92724.
Full text"Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en Anthropologie" Version électronique également disponible sur Internet.
Stévoux, Véronique. "Impact de l'utilisation de plantes de couverture sur les mauvaises herbes et leur gestion en culture de riz pluvial au nord Vietnam." Montpellier, ENSA, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENSA0004.
Full textThis work aimed to evaluate the impact of cropping systems based on the use of cover crop and mulch on weed community and weed management in upland rice cultivated on sloping land. Phytoecological study was carried out in order to characterized weed flora encountered in maize and upland rice fields. Panicum maximum, Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria ruziziensis, Stylosanthes guianensis, Cassia rotundifolia and Mucuna pruriens were evaluated in termsof canopy characteristics (ground cover and height) and weed control. Brachiaria ruziziensis was then integrated in upland rice cropping system ten or three months before rice. The residual effects of cover crop duration, mulch application and their interaction were evaluated on weed cover and species richness. Increasing mulch quantities (1, 2 and 3 Uha dry matter) were also evaluated. In order to characterize phenological cycle and germination capacities of Borreria alata, a troublesome weed, field survey and laboratory experiments were carried out. Rice weed flora is mainly composed of local perennials species and annuals exotics species with a pantropical distribution. Time in the cropping season, soil type and slope position were the main agroecological factors. Among cover crops, grasses showed the most important ground cover and consequently the fewer weed cover. Grasses mulch degradation was slower than legumes. Rice sown after Brachiaria ruziziensis showed a higher level of weed infestation than a monocrop rice/rice. Mulch application provided limitation of weed cover during the first part of the cropping season. Weed cover and weed species number decreased with the increased of mulch quantity. During these experiments, we found no major evolution on weed flora composition after one year of cropping systems. Phenological survey showed that Borreria alata exhibited a high amount of emergence at the beginning of the rainy season followed by a vegetative phase of five months. B. A/ata showed a high level of germination (70%) which was influenced by temperatures and light conditions (less under darkness). In regard of our results, we didn't find short term effects of the use of cover crop and mulch on weed management and upland rice production
Vallet, Mathieu. "Synthèse de fréquence multi-bandes couvrant les ondes millimétriques pour les applications WiFi-WiGig." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0407/document.
Full textThe works presented in this manuscript focus on the realization of a millimeter frequency synthesizer meeting the needs of the WiGig-Fi convergence. A first study was conducted to define a suitable low-power frequency synthesizer archi-tecture for WiFi and WiGig standards. All of the PLL components are subsequently detailed, highlighting the 28nm CMOS FDSOI technology benefits. Then, a study of low power millimeter broadband VCO is presented, highlighting a design methodology related to the 28nm CMOS FDSOI technology. Finally, various solutions are proposed in order to improve the PLL performances, with the incorporation of slow wave VCO, or injection locked ring oscillators