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Journal articles on the topic 'LFP batteries'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Shen, Hengjie, Hewu Wang, Minghai Li, et al. "Thermal Runaway Characteristics and Gas Composition Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Different LFP and NCM Cathode Materials under Inert Atmosphere." Electronics 12, no. 7 (2023): 1603. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12071603.

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During thermal runaway (TR), lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) produce a large amount of gas, which can cause unimaginable disasters in electric vehicles and electrochemical energy storage systems when the batteries fail and subsequently combust or explode. Therefore, to systematically analyze the post-thermal runaway characteristics of commonly used LIBs with LiFePO4 (LFP) and LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM) cathode materials and to maximize the in situ gas generation during battery thermal runaway, we designed experiments using an adiabatic explosion chamber (AEC) under an inert atmosphere to test LIBs. Addi

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2

Bi, Haijun, Huabing Zhu, Lei Zu, Yong Gao, Song Gao, and Zhongwei Wu. "Eddy current separation for recovering aluminium and lithium-iron phosphate components of spent lithium-iron phosphate batteries." Waste Management & Research 37, no. 12 (2019): 1217–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x19871610.

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With the rapid development of the electric vehicle market since 2012, lithium-iron phosphate (LFP) batteries face retirement intensively. Numerous LFP batteries have been generated given their short service life. Thus, recycling spent LFP batteries is crucial. However, published information on the recovery technology of spent LFP batteries is minimal. Traditional separators and separation theories of recovering technologies were unsuitable for guiding the separation process of recovering metals from spent LFP batteries. The separation rate of the current method for recovering spent LFP batteri

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3

Bi, Haijun, Huabing Zhu, Lei Zu, Yong Gao, Song Gao, and Yuxuan Bai. "Environment-friendly technology for recovering cathode materials from spent lithium iron phosphate batteries." Waste Management & Research 38, no. 8 (2020): 911–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242x20931933.

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The consumption of lithium iron phosphate (LFP)-type lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rising sharply with the increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) worldwide. Hence, a large number of retired LFP batteries from EVs are generated annually. A recovery technology for spent LFP batteries is urgently required. Compared with pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical and biometallurgical recycling technologies, physical separating technology has not yet formed a systematic theory and efficient sorting technology. Strengthening the research and development of physical separating technology is an import

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4

Bauknecht, Sophia, Florian Wätzold, Anton Schlösser, and Julia Kowal. "Comparing the Cold-Cranking Performance of Lead-Acid and Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries at Temperatures below 0 °C." Batteries 9, no. 3 (2023): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9030176.

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Six test cells, two lead–acid batteries (LABs), and four lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries have been tested regarding their capacity at various temperatures (25 °C, 0 °C, and −18 °C) and regarding their cold crank capability at low temperatures (0 °C, −10 °C, −18 °C, and −30 °C). During the capacity test, the LFP batteries have a higher voltage level at all temperatures than LABs, which results in a higher power and energy output. Moreover, LFP batteries have a lower capacity decline and a lower energy decline for decreasing temperature. Regarding the cold-cranking test definition, the LA

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5

Cao, Zhi, Wei Gao, Yuhong Fu, et al. "Second-Life Assessment of Commercial LiFePO4 Batteries Retired from EVs." Batteries 10, no. 9 (2024): 306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10090306.

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LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries are well known for their long cycle life. However, there are many reports of significant capacity degradation in LFP battery packs after only three to five years of operation. This study assesses the second-life potential of commercial LFP batteries retired from electric vehicles (EVs) by evaluating their aging characteristics at the cell and module levels. Four LFP cells and four modules were subjected to aging tests under various conditions. The results indicate that LFP cells exhibit long life cycles with gradual capacity degradation and a minimal internal resistance

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6

Hu, Chen, Mengmeng Geng, Haomiao Yang, et al. "A Review of Capacity Fade Mechanism and Promotion Strategies for Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries." Coatings 14, no. 7 (2024): 832. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14070832.

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Commercialized lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries have become mainstream energy storage batteries due to their incomparable advantages in safety, stability, and low cost. However, LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries still have the problems of capacity decline, poor low-temperature performance, etc. The problems are mainly caused by the following reasons: (1) the irreversible phase transition of LiFePO4; (2) the formation of the cathode–electrolyte interface (CEI) layer; (3) the dissolution of the iron elements; (4) the oxidative decomposition of the electrolyte; (5) the repeated growth and thicken

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7

Nakamura, Takahiro, Motofumi Yamada, Takayuki Kodera, and Takashi Ogihara. "Synthesis of Carbon-Added LiFePO₄ Powders and Measurement of Charge-Discharge Properties." Key Engineering Materials 566 (July 2013): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.566.91.

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LiFePO4/C powders were synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis using carbon powder instead of organic substances as the carbon source. LiFePO4 (LFP) powders containing different types of carbon powders were prepared and used as cathode active materials in lithium ion batteries. The charge-discharge properties of lithium ion batteries with LFP, LFP/AB, and LFP/CNT powders as the cathode material were worse than those of the battery with LFP/sucrose powder as the cathode active material.

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8

Nakamura, Takahiro, Takayuki Kodera, Ryoma Minami, and Takashi Ogihara. "Synthesis of Carbons Added LiFePO₄ Powders by Two-Fluid Nozzle Spray Pyrolysis and Measurement the Charge-Discharge Properties." Key Engineering Materials 582 (September 2013): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.582.123.

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LiFePO4/C powders were synthesized by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis using carbon powder instead of organic substances as the carbon source. LiFePO4 (LFP) powders containing different types of carbon powders were prepared and used as cathode active materials in lithium ion batteries. The charge-discharge properties of lithium ion batteries with LFP, LFP/AB, and LFP/CNT powders as the cathode material were worse than those of the battery with LFP/sucrose powder as the cathode active material.

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9

Chen, Tao, Man Li, and Joonho Bae. "Recent Advances in Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery Technology: A Comprehensive Review." Batteries 10, no. 12 (2024): 424. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries10120424.

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Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries have emerged as one of the most promising energy storage solutions due to their high safety, long cycle life, and environmental friendliness. In recent years, significant progress has been made in enhancing the performance and expanding the applications of LFP batteries through innovative materials design, electrode engineering, and manufacturing techniques. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in LFP battery technology, covering key developments in materials synthesis, electrode architectures, electrolytes, cell desi

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10

Liu, Yongtao, Chunmei Zhang, Zhuo Hao, et al. "Study on the Life Cycle Assessment of Automotive Power Batteries Considering Multi-Cycle Utilization." Energies 16, no. 19 (2023): 6859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16196859.

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This article utilizes the research method of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to scrutinize Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) batteries and Ternary Lithium (NCM) batteries. It develops life cycle models representing the material, energy, and emission flows for power batteries, exploring the environmental impact and energy efficiency throughout the life cycles of these batteries. The life cycle assessment results of different power battery recycling process scenarios are compared and analyzed. This study focuses on retired LFP batteries to assess the environmental and energy efficiency during the cas

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11

Qi, Changbao, Hewu Wang, Minghai Li, et al. "Research on the Thermal Runaway Behavior and Flammability Limits of Sodium-Ion and Lithium-Ion Batteries." Batteries 11, no. 1 (2025): 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11010024.

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Batteries are widely used in energy storage systems (ESS), and thermal runaway in different types of batteries presents varying safety risks. Therefore, comparative research on the thermal runaway behaviors of various batteries is essential. This study investigates the thermal runaway characteristics of sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP), and lithium-ion batteries with NCM523 and NCM622 cathodes. The experiments were conducted in a nitrogen-filled constant-volume sealed chamber. The results show that the critical surface temperatures at the time of thermal runa

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12

Guo, Fei, Xiaoqi Huang, Yudong Li, et al. "In Situ Low-Temperature Carbonization Capping of LiFePO4 with Coke for Enhanced Lithium Battery Performance." Molecules 28, no. 16 (2023): 6083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28166083.

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Lithium batteries incorporating LiFePO4 (LFP) as the cathode material have gained significant attention in recent research. However, the limited electronic and ionic conductivity of LFP poses challenges to its cycling performance and overall efficiency. In this study, we address these issues by synthesizing a series of LiFePO4/carbon (LFP/C) composites through low-temperature carbonization coating of LFP in the presence of Coke as the carbon source. The resulting lithium batteries utilizing LFP/C as the cathode material exhibited impressive discharge specific capacities of 148.35 mA·h/g and 12

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13

Elwert, Tobias, Qing Song Hua, and Kirstin Schneider. "Recycling of Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries: Future Prospects and Research Needs." Materials Science Forum 959 (June 2019): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.959.49.

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Since the first synthesis of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) as active cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIB) in 1996, it has gained a considerable market share and further growth is expected. Main applications are the fast-growing sectors electromobility and to a lesser extend stationary energy storage. Despite increasing return flows, so far, little emphasis has been put on the recycling of LFP batteries due to the low content of high-value metals. In this study, current developments in the LFP battery market are presented. Furthermore, recycling processes for LIBs are reviewed and th

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14

Babkin, A. V., O. A. Drozhzhin, A. V. Kubarkov, E. V. Antipov, and V. G. Sergeyev. "Synthesis of spherical LiFePO₄ microparticles with encapsulated carbon nanotubes for high-power lithium-ion batteries." Doklady Rossijskoj akademii nauk. Himiâ, nauki o materialah. 516, no. 1 (2024): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686953524030024.

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Lithium ferrophosphate – LiFePO₄(LFP) – is one of the widely studied and used materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, one of the main drawbacks of LFP is its poor electrical conductivity. To address this issue, we propose an effective approach based on encapsulating carbon nanotubes within the volume of LFP particles in the volume of spherical LFP particles. Electrodes based on the obtained materials exhibit more aTₜᵣactive electrochemical characteristics than LFP obtained by the standard method: increased specific capacity (62 and 92 mAh g–1 at a current density of 20C for LFP and LFP/S

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15

Gao, Xiaosi, Changyang Zheng, Yiqi Shao, Shuo Jin, Jin Suntivich, and Yong Lak Joo. "Lithium Iron Phosphate Reconstruction Facilitates Kinetics in High-Areal-Capacity Sulfur Composite Cathodes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 1 (2022): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01135mtgabs.

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Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been recognized as one of the most promising choices beyond lithium-ion batteries (LIB), because of its low cost and high theoretical specific energy (~2510 Wh/kg or ~10 times of LIB). However, Li-S batteries still face a few challenges, including large volume expansion, poor conductivity, low active material loading, inert end products, and polysulfide crossover called the “shuttle effect”, etc. To address these challenges, we have incorporated lithium iron phosphate (LFP) into our sulfur composite cathode. The addition of LFP enabled a more uniform slurry

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16

Praphun Pikultong, Sahataya Thongsan, and Somchai Jiajitsawat. "The Study of Energy Management Scheme of Hybrid Energy Storage System for Responding High Demand with Long Period." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 98, no. 1 (2022): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.98.1.146156.

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Most large and controlled buildings require high power demand with long period. However, there are restrictions on building facilities and image when it comes to reducing electricity consumption. Another option is to install a roof-top solar power system, though due to the small installation area, it will only partially reduce energy use. Hybrid energy storage systems in combination with AGM batteries and LFP batteries are now offered as a lower cost energy management solution. AGM batteries are constrained in their ability to produce current, hence a larger current supply will reduce the batt

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17

Ouaneche, Tassadit, Lorenzo Stievano, Laure Monconduit, Claude Guery, Moulay Tahar Sougrati, and Nadir Recham. "Efficient Direct Recycling of Spent Cathode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 55 (2024): 2929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01552929mtgabs.

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The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has surged in recent years, driven by the rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) and emerging energy storage technologies. Yet, this surge in demand has also resulted from a significant increase in the number of spent batteries. Given the potential for environment pollution wastage, it is absolutely crucial to prioritize the recovery and recycling of these used lithium-ion batteries. The common techniques employed in large-scale industrial settings for battery recycling are pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. These are pivotal multi-step processes,

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18

Gee, Carol-Lynn, Devon Dunn, and Byron D. Gates. "(General Student Poster Award Winner, 3rd Place) Lithium Niobate Coatings on Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials for Applications in Lithium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 53 (2024): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01532771mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion batteries have become a crucial tool in countering global fossil fuel reliance; when paired with electric motors, they provide an alternative to petroleum-based energy storage for internal combustion engines. Typical cathode materials used in lithium-ion batteries present a unique set of challenges. Some of the electrochemical materials that have a relatively high performance also have serious impacts on the environment and human health.1 Other materials that lack these specific drawbacks, such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP), face other issues. For example, LFP suffers from a rela

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19

Assi, Mohammad, and Mohammed Amer. "A Comparative Analysis of Lithium-Ion Batteries Using a Proposed Electrothermal Model Based on Numerical Simulation." World Electric Vehicle Journal 16, no. 2 (2025): 60. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj16020060.

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It is necessary to maintain safe, efficient, and compatible energy storage systems to meet the high demand for electric vehicles (EVs). Lithium manganese nickel cobalt (NMC) and lithium ferro phosphate (LFP) batteries are the most commonly used lithium batteries in EVs. It is imperative to note that batteries are classified according to their electrochemical performance. A number of factors play a crucial role in determining how efficiently batteries can be used. These factors include the cell temperature, energy density, self-discharge, current limits, aging, and performance measurements. Thi

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20

Liu, Ruijing, Yuxiao Liu, Jianjiang Li, et al. "A Closed-Loop Process for Rapid and Selective Lithium Extraction and Resynthesis from Spent LiFePO4 Batteries." Molecules 30, no. 12 (2025): 2587. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30122587.

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The rapid growth of lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4, LFP)-based lithium-ion batteries in energy storage raises urgent challenges for resource recovery and environmental protection. In this study, we propose a novel method for rapid and selective lithium extraction and the resynthesis of cathodes from spent LFP batteries, aiming to achieve an economically feasible and efficient recycling process. In this process, a selective leaching H2SO4-H2O2 system is employed to rapidly and selectively extract lithium, achieving a leaching efficiency of 98.72% within just 10 min. Through an exploration of t

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Gee, Carol-Lynn, Carolyn Amador, Farhang Nesvaderani, Lida Hadidi, and Byron D. Gates. "Re-Functionalization of Aged Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 5 (2024): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-015705mtgabs.

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As lithium-ion batteries continue to be implemented in everyday technologies, it is imperative to repurpose these battery materials upon their degradation. Carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate (LFP/C) is considered one of the most stable cathode materials for application in lithium-ion batteries. Due to this stability, LFP/C possesses a remarkably long cycle life of greater than 3000 cycles.1 Extended cycling of these cathode materials may result in multiple modes of degradation, including degradation of the carbon coating, and loss of contact between the cathode and the current collector.2,3

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Michael McCoy. "Separators planned for LFP batteries." C&EN Global Enterprise 100, no. 30 (2022): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-10030-buscon9.

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23

Zhang, Qingao, Yu Zhou, Yulong Tong, et al. "Reduced Graphene Oxide Coating LiFePO4 Composite Cathodes for Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery Applications." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 24 (2023): 17549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417549.

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Recently, the application of LiFePO4 (LFP) batteries in electric vehicles has attracted extensive attention from researchers. This work presents a composite of LFP particles trapped in reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets obtained through the high-temperature reduction strategy. The obtained LiFePO4/rGO composites indicate spherical morphology and uniform particles. As to the structure mode of the composite, LFP distributes in the interlayer structure of rGO, and the rGO evenly covers the surface of the particles. The LFP/rGO cathodes demonstrate a reversible specific capacity of 165 mA h g

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Choi, Jae Young, Jinhyeong Park, Jinyeong Choi, and Tae-hoon Kim. "Improved State of Charge Estimation with Pressure Change Characteristics Measurement of LiFePO₄ Battery for Electric Vehicle Applications." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 6 (2024): 710. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-026710mtgabs.

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The state of charge (SOC) of the battery is an important factor indicating the driving range in electric vehicles. Lithium iron phosphate(LFP) batteries are being increasingly used in vehicles due to their low cost and safety. However, the flat open-circuit voltage (OCV) characteristics of LFP batteries make it difficult to estimate the SOC. Particularly in the SOC range of 30 to 80%, the OCV deviation is 50 mV. Considering the measurement noise in vehicles, this level of voltage variation makes accurate measurement impossible. To solve the SOC estimation issue, automakers are advising users o

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25

Zhang, Zhihang, Languang Lu, Yalun Li, Hewu Wang, and Minggao Ouyang. "Experimental Study on High-Temperature Cycling Aging of Large-Capacity Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2584, no. 1 (2023): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2584/1/012046.

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Abstract Large-capacity lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries are widely used in energy storage systems and electric vehicles due to their low cost, long lifespan, and high safety. However, the lifespan of batteries gradually decreases during their usage, especially due to internal heat generation and exposure to high temperatures, which leads to rapid capacity degradation. In-depth research is needed on the degradation characteristics of large-capacity LFP batteries under high temperatures. To study the degradation characteristics of large-capacity LFP batteries at high temperatures, a comme

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26

Zhao, Tianyu, Yeonuk Choi, and Fazarneh Sadri. "Reviews and Perspectives: Selective Leaching—a Promising Approach for Recycling Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 9 (2025): 3102. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-0193102mtgabs.

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Spent lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries pose potential hazards such as thermal runaway, combustion, explosion, and leakage, which can lead to accidents and environmental pollution, thereby threatening human life. With the large-scale application of LFP batteries and their increasing market share, the annual generation of waste LFP batteries has become a global challenge. Since LFP does not contain nickel or cobalt, its overall recycling value is relatively low, with only lithium recovery offering significant economic benefits. Therefore, selective lithium leaching has emerged as a competi

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27

Ramasubramanian, Brindha, Subramanian Sundarrajan, Vijila Chellappan, M. V. Reddy, Seeram Ramakrishna, and Karim Zaghib. "Recent Development in Carbon-LiFePO4 Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Mini Review." Batteries 8, no. 10 (2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries8100133.

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Li-ion batteries are in demand due to technological advancements in the electronics industry; thus, expanding the battery supply chain and improving its electrochemical performance is crucial. Carbon materials are used to increase the cyclic stability and specific capacity of cathode materials, which are essential to batteries. LiFePO4 (LFP) cathodes are generally safe and have a long cycle life. However, the common LFP cathode has a low inherent conductivity, and adding a carbon nanomaterial significantly influences how well it performs electrochemically. Therefore, the major focus of this re

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Suci, Windhu Griyasti. "Increasing Electric Bicycle Performance using Lithium Ferro Phospate Batteries with a Battery Management System." Energy Storage Technology and Applications 2, no. 1 (2022): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/esta.v2i1.61525.

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The depletion of fossil fuel sources and the increasing environmental pollution caused by the burning of motor vehicle fuels are major problems worldwide that need to be solved. One of the promising solutions to overcome energy security and environmental pollution is the use of electric vehicles. E-bikes are one of the most popular electric vehicles because of their many benefits. A valve-regulated lead acid battery (VRLA) is now the most common energy source for electric vehicles. It is heavy and unsafe for the user due to its poor energy density. Lithium ion batteries may be a feasible solut

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Renier, Olivier, Andrea Pellini, and Jeroen Spooren. "Advances in the Separation of Graphite from Lithium Iron Phosphate from End-of-Life Batteries Shredded Fine Fraction Using Simple Froth Flotation." Batteries 9, no. 12 (2023): 589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries9120589.

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Olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4, LFP) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become a popular choice for electric vehicles (EVs) and stationary energy storage systems. In the context of recycling, this study addresses the complex challenge of separating black mass of spent LFP batteries from its main composing materials to allow for direct recycling. In this study, 71% copper and 81% aluminium foil impurities were removed by sieving black mass to <250 µm. Next, the application of froth flotation as a separation technique was explored, examining the influence of chemical agents, pre-

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Li, Chenchen, Rui Gong, Yingjie Zhang, Qi Meng, and Peng Dong. "Direct Regeneration of Degraded LiFePO4 Cathode via Reductive Solution Relithiation Regeneration Process." Molecules 29, no. 14 (2024): 3340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29143340.

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The rapid growth of electronic devices, electric vehicles, and mobile energy storage has produced large quantities of spent batteries, leading to significant environmental issues and a shortage of lithium resources. Recycling spent batteries has become urgent to protect the environment. The key to treating spent lithium-ion batteries is to implement green and efficient regeneration. This study proposes a recycling method for the direct regeneration of spent lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries using hydrothermal reduction. Ascorbic acid (AA) was used as a low-cost and environmentally friendl

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Chen, Yu Ting, Hai Yan Zhang, Yi Ming Chen, Gai Qin, Xing Ling Lei, and Li Ying Liu. "Graphene-Carbon Nanotubes-Modified LiFePO₄ Cathode Materials for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries." Materials Science Forum 913 (February 2018): 818–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.913.818.

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A nanocrystalline LiFePO4/graphene-carbon nanotubes (LFP-G-CNT) composite has been successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method followed by heat-treatment. The microstructure and morphology of the LFP-G-CNTs composite were comparatively investigated with LiFePO4/graphene (LFP-G) and LiFePO4/carbon nanotubes (LFP-CNT) by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The LFP-G-CNTs nanoparticles were wrapped homogeneously and loosely within a 3D conducting network of graphene-carbon nanotubes. The conducting networks provided highly conductive pathways for electron transfe

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32

Jeong, Byeong Jin, Feng Jiang, Jae Yoon Sung, et al. "Biomass-Derived Carbon Utilization for Electrochemical Energy Enhancement in Lithium-Ion Batteries." Nanomaterials 14, no. 12 (2024): 999. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14120999.

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Cathodes made of LiFePO4 (LFP) offer numerous benefits including being non-toxic, eco-friendly, and affordable. The distinctive olivine structure of LFP cathodes contributes to their electrochemical stability. Nonetheless, this structure is also the cause of their low ionic and electronic conductivity. To enhance these limitations, an uncomplicated approach has been effectively employed. A straightforward solid-state synthesis technique is used to apply a coating of biomass from potato peels to the LFP cathode, boosting its electrochemical capabilities. Potato peels contain pyridinic and pyrro

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33

Chang, Wen Yeau. "State of Charge Estimation for LFP Battery Using the Hybrid Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 431 (October 2013): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.431.221.

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A method to accurately estimate the state of charge (SOC) for LiFePO4(LFP) batteries is urgently required, to address the issues associated with the increased use of LPF batteries for portable devices. This paper proposes a hybrid method that combines a radial basis function (RBF) neural network and enhanced particle swarm optimization (EPSO) algorithm for SOC estimating. With a RBF neural network structure, the EPSO algorithm is used to tune the parameters of the RBF neural network, including the centers and widths of the RBF and the connection weights. The trained RBF neural network is then

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Wu, Ruofei, Guofeng Xia, Shuiyun Shen, Fengjuan Zhu, Fengjing Jiang, and Junliang Zhang. "Soft-templated LiFePO4/mesoporous carbon nanosheets (LFP/meso-CNSs) nanocomposite as the cathode material of lithium ion batteries." RSC Adv. 4, no. 41 (2014): 21325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00370e.

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A soft-templated LFP/mesoporous carbon nanosheets (LFP/meso-CNSs) nanocomposite as the cathode of lithium ion batteries displays an excellent high-rate capability and stable cycling property, benefitting from its high electronic conductivity, open mesoporosity, and the nano-size of its active material.

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Elvis, Yang Tsz Ching. "Modification strategy of lithium iron phosphate anode materials in lithium-ion batteries." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 121 (December 24, 2024): 378–84. https://doi.org/10.54097/6nf9r975.

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Because of the advantages of lithium-ion batteries, such as high energy density, long cycle life, and stable performance, they can dominate the market of electric cars, renewable energy systems, and even medical equipment. Choosing the suitable electrode material is an essential factor in determining the performance of lithium-ion batteries; this paper takes Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode material as an example. The high safety, high-temperature stability, high theoretical capacity, and long life of LFP cathode material make it a promising cathode material. However, it has many disadvant

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Vasconcelos, David da Silva, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório, Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior, and Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa. "Circular Recycling Strategies for LFP Batteries: A Review Focusing on Hydrometallurgy Sustainable Processing." Metals 13, no. 3 (2023): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13030543.

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The exponential growth of electric and hybrid vehicles in the last five years forecasts a waste problem when their batteries achieve end-of-life. Li-ion batteries for vehicles have been assembled using materials from natural resources (as Li, Fe, Al, Cu Co, Mn and P). Among them, LiFePO4 cathode materials have demonstrated advantages such as charge–discharge cycles, thermal stability, surface area and raw materials availability (against Ni and Co systems). Due to the performance, LFP batteries stand out in heavy duty fleet, achieving 90% of new energy buses in China. To achieve the circular ec

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Yoon, Jihee. "A Spherical LiFePO4/Carbon Nanotubes/Binder Composite as a Cathode Material for High Performance of Lithium-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 5 (2024): 623. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-025623mtgabs.

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As the global demand for electric vehicles continues to rise, the safety of electric vehicles, particularly concerning the risk of fires induced by battery degradation, is increasingly recognized as a critical issue. Current production batteries utilize cathode materials with high nickel content (>80%) in order to develop electrodes with high-energy-density. However, these NCM cathode materials, due to their structural instability, can undergo changes during the charge-discharge processes of the battery, making them susceptible to degradation in high-temperature environments or during charg

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Gee, Carol-Lynn J., Devon Dunn, Kelsey L. Duncan, Gurbinder Kaur, and Byron D. Gates. "Lithium Niobate Coatings on Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials for Application in Lithium Ion Batteries." Journal of The Electrochemical Society 172, no. 7 (2025): 070505. https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ade56e.

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There remains a need to enhance existing cathode materials in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). For example, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is hindered by low electrical conductivity and slow lithium ion diffusion. While carbon coatings improve LFP performance, alternative materials with higher ionic conductivities have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, we present a method to synthesize a patchwork-type lithium niobate (LiNbO3) coating on LFP particles. LiNbO3 coatings were fabricated using solvothermal methods to enhance the LFP performance. Electron microscopy and X-ray spectroscopy con

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Larouche, Francois, Kamyab Amouzegar, Ashok Vijh, and George P. Demopoulos. "Direct Re-Functionalization of Spent LFP Cathodes of Lithium-Ion Batteries by Aqueous Electrochemical Process." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 1 (2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-0111mtgabs.

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Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) find many applications from powering multitudes of portable electronics, to automotive, and stationary energy storage. The current rapid market growth, more specifically in mobility and stationary energy storage, has resulted in an exponential increase in the usage of LIBs since early 2000. It is predicted that this market may reach 6.3 TWh by 2030. Inevitably, the quantity of spent LIBs will follow the same trend, causing important challenges to the waste management system. Consequently, we expect an important increase of spent lithium batteries available for reco

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Jekal, Suk, Chan-Gyo Kim, Jiwon Kim, et al. "Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Lithium Iron Phosphate Cathodes Using Plasma-Assisted Reduced Graphene Oxide Additives for Lithium-Ion Batteries." Batteries 10, no. 10 (2024): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10100345.

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One-dimensional lithium-ion transport channels in lithium iron phosphate (LFP) used as a cathode in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) result in low electrical conductivity and reduced electrochemical performance. To overcome this limitation, three-dimensional plasma-treated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was synthesized in this study and used as an additive for LFP in LIB cathodes. Graphene oxide was synthesized using Hummers’ method, followed by mixing with LFP, lyophilization, and plasma treatment to obtain LFP@rGO. The plasma treatment achieved the highest degree of reduction and porosity in rGO,

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Fu, Yanqing, Qiliang Wei, Gaixia Zhang, et al. "LiFePO4-Graphene Composites as High-Performance Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: The Impact of Size and Morphology of Graphene." Materials 12, no. 6 (2019): 842. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12060842.

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In this work, we investigated three types of graphene (i.e., home-made G, G V4, and G V20) with different size and morphology, as additives to a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cathode for the lithium-ion battery. Both the LFP and the two types of graphene (G V4 and G V20) were sourced from industrial, large-volume manufacturers, enabling cathode production at low cost. The use of wrinkled and/or large pieces of a graphene matrix shows promising electrochemical performance when used as an additive to the LFP, which indicates that the features of large and curved graphene pieces enable constructio

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Shieddieque, Apang Djafar, Iman Rahayu, Sahrul Hidayat, and Joddy Arya Laksmono. "Recent Development in LiFePO4 Surface Modifications with Carbon Coating from Originated Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) to Improve the Conductivity of Cathode for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Review and Bibliometrics Analysis." Automotive Experiences 6, no. 3 (2023): 438–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ae.9524.

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Using lithium-ion batteries has emerged as a viable approach to lessen the negative effects of fossil fuel use. LiFePO4 (LFP) is one of the lithium-ion batteries that are eco-friendly and safer than others. However, LFP has a main limitation with the poor rate performance due to its low electronic conductivity number. This study aims to present a bibliometric review of the analysis using VOSviewer of surface modification using carbon coating of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to improve the challenge of synthesis, structure, electrochemical stability, and performance of LFP. The results of thi

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Liu, Ting, Xuemei Hu, Yadong Zhang, Ting He, Yunxiang Guo, and Junqiang Qiao. "Bimetal/Li2Se Nanocomposite as Cathode Prelithiation Additive for Sustainable High-Energy Lithium-Ion Batteries." Batteries 11, no. 2 (2025): 74. https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries11020074.

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Cathodes undergo unavoidable lithium loss due to the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI), which seriously affects the energy density of lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. To compensate for the initial capacity loss, we introduced an NiCo-Li2Se nanocomposite to an LFP battery system to act as a competitive cathode prelithiation additive. Benefiting from its zero gas-emissions, ambient stability, high irreversible capacity, low delithiation potential, and good compatibility with carbonate-based electrolytes, the NiCo-Li2Se additive based on the chemical conversion reaction effe

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Xiong, Siqin, Junping Ji, and Xiaoming Ma. "Comparative Life Cycle Energy and GHG Emission Analysis for BEVs and PhEVs: A Case Study in China." Energies 12, no. 5 (2019): 834. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050834.

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Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are seen as the most promising alternatives to internal combustion vehicles, as a means to reduce the energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transportation sector. To provide the basis for preferable decisions among these vehicle technologies, an environmental benefit evaluation should be conducted. Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) are two most often applied batteries to power these vehicles. Given this context, this study aims to compare life cycle en

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KOKMAT, Phurida, Patiphat MATSAYAMAT, Kunaree WONGRACH, Piyaporn SURINLERT, and Akkawat RUAMMAITREE. "Improvement of specific capacity of lithium iron phosphate battery by increasing the surface area and electrical conductivity of cathode electrode using graphene foam." Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals 33, no. 4 (2023): 1779. http://dx.doi.org/10.55713/jmmm.v33i4.1779.

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Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) is widely used as an active material in a cathode electrode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). LFP has many remarkable properties such as high working voltage and excellent thermal stability. However, it suffers with slow ion diffusion and low electrical conductivity. Graphene foam has many outstanding properties such as large surface area and great electrical conductivity. These properties are suitable for improving the cathode electrode. In this work, the graphene foam was synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. The cathode electrode was prepared by dropping the

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Liao, Zihan, Zijie Zhang, Jin Yang, Chaoyang Li, JinJing Li, and Jingang Han. "Lithium-ion-battery state of health estimation based on coefficient of variation." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2968, no. 1 (2025): 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2968/1/012004.

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Abstract The state of health (SOH) is an important indicator of the reliable and safe working of lithium-ion battery systems in new energy vehicles and energy storage power stations. In order to find a fast, accurate, concise and understandable approach for estimating the SOH of lithium-ion batteries, a health estimation method for lithium-ion batteries is proposed based on the coefficient of variation (COV) as the health factor. The battery SOH is estimated by deriving the COV based on the charge and discharge voltage series of li-ion batteries over a certain voltage window or a certain state

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Ezennaya, Samuel O., and Julia Kowal. "Optimizing Energy Arbitrage: Benchmark Models for LFP Battery Dynamic Activation Costs in Reactive Balancing Market." Sustainability 16, no. 9 (2024): 3645. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16093645.

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This study introduces a novel benchmark model for lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries in reactive energy imbalance markets, filling a notable gap by incorporating comprehensive operational parameters and market dynamics that are overlooked by conventional models. Addressing the absence of a holistic benchmark for energy-storage systems in electricity markets, this research focuses on the integration of LFP batteries, considering their unique characteristics and market responsiveness. Regression and regularization techniques, coupled with temporal cross-validation, were employed to ensure mo

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Gong, Meilin, Jiatao Chen, Jianming Chen, and Xiaohuan Zhao. "Study on Discharge Characteristic Performance of New Energy Electric Vehicle Batteries in Teaching Experiments of Safety Simulation under Different Operating Conditions." Energies 17, no. 12 (2024): 2845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17122845.

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High-voltage heat release from batteries can cause safety issues for electric vehicles. Relevant scientific research work is carried out in the laboratory. The battery safety of laboratory experiments should not be underestimated. In order to evaluate the safety performance of batteries in the laboratory testing of driving conditions of electric vehicles, this paper simulated and compared the discharge characteristics of two common batteries (lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery and nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) ternary lithium battery) in three different operating conditions. The operating co

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Dikmen, İsmail Can, Nisanur Yıldıran, and Teoman Karadağ. "Multi-Chemistry Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles." European Journal of Research and Development 2, no. 4 (2022): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56038/ejrnd.v2i4.176.

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Electric vehicle technology is increasing its market share through its sound development. Battery management systems (BMS) also play an essential role in this technology regarding efficiency, safety, and meeting the end user’s expectations. In this study, a simulation study of a multi-chemistry BMS capable of real-time switching has been carried out so that the system can operate more efficiently. The proposed system aims to increase efficiency and performance using two batteries with different characteristics. The primary battery chemistry used is lithium titanate oxide (LTO) batteries, which

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Nakamura, Hitoshi. "(Digital Presentation) Synthesis and Properties of Llithium Iron Phosphate Cathode Materials without Carbon Coating with High-Rate Property." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 2 (2022): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-012366mtgabs.

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Lithium iron (ferrium) phosphate (LFP) use iron as a transition metal, so there is lower resource risk. And because of tolerant to overcharging, they have excellent safety and durability. Lithium-ion secondary batteries using LFP have become widely used as main power sources for EVs and ESSs in recent years. Originally, LFP has higher bulk resistance than other layered rock salt-based positive materials, so that carbon-coating was applied to surface of LFP particles. This idea was extremely effective in putting LFP into practical use. However, the use of the carbon coat has led disadvantage of

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