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YANG, LIN, XIANG-SHENG CHEN, and ZI-ZHONG LI. "Review of the bamboo-feeding species of genus Scaphoideus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China, with description of one new species." Zootaxa 3619, no. 5 (March 4, 2013): 557–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3619.5.5.
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The bamboo-feeding species of genus Scaphoideus Uhler (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from China are re-viewed to include 7 species: S. conicaplateus Li & Dai, 2004 (China: Guizhou), S. fanjingensis Li & Dai, 2004 (China: Guizhou), S. festivus Matsumura, 1902 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Hunan, Beijing, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Taiwan; India; Sri Lanka; Japan; Korea), S. kumamotonis Mat-sumura, 1914 (China: Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet, Sichuan, Zhejiang and Henan; Japan), S. nigrigenatus Li, 1990 (China: Guizhou, Sichuan and Hubei), S. nigrivalveus Li & Wang, 2005 (China: Guizhou and Hubei) and S. yaanensis sp. nov. (China: Sichuan). All seven species are re-illustrated and photographed. The new species is described. A key to the bam-boo-feeding species of Scaphoideus is also provided.
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Yung, Faye Dorcas. "Leung, For-Hing. Da Shi Dai li de Xiao Za Zhi: “Xin Er Tong” Ban Yue Kan (1941-1949) Yan Jiu." Bookbird: A Journal of International Children's Literature 53, no. 1 (2015): 97–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/bkb.2015.0019.
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Yangutov, Leonid E., and Marina V. Orbodoeva. "On Early Translations of Buddhist Sutras in China in the Era the Three Kingdoms: 220–280." Herald of an archivist, no. 2 (2019): 331–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2019-2-331-343.
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The paper discusses the early days of translation in China which began with the translation of Buddhist texts from Sanskrit into Chinese. The article addresses one of the most difficult and dramatic periods in the history of translation activities, the era of Three Kingdoms (220-280). First efforts of the Buddhist missionaries in translating the Buddhist texts from Sanskrit into Chinese are poorly studied in the Russian science. The article aims to fill the gap. This goal sets the following tasks: (1) to analyze the translation activities in the kingdoms of Wei (220–265) and Wu (222–280) during Three Kingdoms period; (2) to show the place and role of the translators of these kingdoms in the development of the translation tradition in China; (3) to consider the quality of the Buddhist texts translations and their contribution to the development of Buddhism in China. The study shows that Buddhist missionaries who came to China from India and the countries of Central Asia during the Three Kingdoms period played an important role in the spreading of Buddhism. Their search for methods and tools to give the sense of Sanskrit texts in Chinese, which experience had had no experience of assimilation before Buddhism, prepared a fertile ground for the emergence in China of such translations of Buddhist literature that were able to convey the exact meaning of Buddhist teachings. The activities of the Three Kingdoms Buddhist texts translators reflected the rise of Indian Mahayana Buddhism and its texts formation. The article draws on bibliographic works of medieval authors: Hui Jiao’s “Gao Sen Zhuan” (“Biography of worthy monks”), Sen Yu’s “Chu San Zang Ji Ji” (“Collection of Translation Information about Tripitaka”), Fei Changfang’s “Li Dai San Bao Ji” (“Information about the three treasuries [during] historical epochs”), which figure prominently in Buddhist historiography. Also the authors draw on the latest Chinese research summarized in the monograph: Lai Yonghai (ed.). “Zhongguo fojiao tongshi” [General History of Chinese Buddhism]. Nanjing, 2006.
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ERMAKOV, D. N. "LEGAL STATUS OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA." Sociopolitical Sciences 14, no. 2 (April 28, 2024): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2223-0092-2024-14-2-125-130.
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We live in a world of different ethnic groups and peoples. About 3,000 ethnic groups live in more than 200 countries and regions of the modern world. The vast majority of countries are populated by multi-ethnic groups. Since the proclamation of the People’s Republic of China by the central government, about 56 ethnic groups have been identified and verified, namely Han, Mongols, Hui, Tibetans, Uyghurs, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Buei, Koreans, Manchus, Dong Yao, Bai, Tujia, Hani , Cossack, Dai, Li, Lisu, Wa, She, Gaoshan, Lahu, Shui, Dongxiang, Nasi, Jingpo, Kyrgyz, Tu, Daur, Mulao, Qiang, Blang, Salar, Maonan, Gelao, Shibe, Achang, Pumi, Tajik , Well, Uzbek, Russian, Evenki, Deang, Bonan (also Baoan), Yugur, Jing, Tatarsky, Derung, Oroken, Hezhe, Monpa, Lhoba and Gino. The article, for the first time, comprehensively sets out the foundations of the constitutional law of the People’s Republic of China, highlights the experience of the formation and development of legal regulation of the status of national minorities in the PRC, formed since its formation and developing in connection with the reform of the country and the establishment of a political system “with Chinese characteristics.”
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Xiao, Jingyuan, Alexander Stark, Nur Azuki Yusuff, Julia Tan Yin Yin, and Wei Yu. "AN ETHNOGRAPHIC OBSERVATION ON THE CULTURE OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN YUNNAN: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Management Practices 7, no. 25 (June 13, 2024): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijemp.725005.
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Yunnan Province is located on the southwestern border of China and boasts a rich multicultural heritage. In this land full of mystery and vitality, 25 ethnic minorities, including the Yi, Bai, and Dai, have developed their unique languages, scripts, attire, architecture, music, dance, and customs throughout its extensive history (Huang Qinghuai & Guo Zhongping, 2016). Ethnographic observations of Yunnan's ethnic minorities aim to comprehensively understand and reveal various aspects of their history, geography, cultural essence, and interethnic relationships. Ethnographic observation serves as the foundation and methodology of ethnology, systematically collecting, organizing, and analyzing information regarding the traditional cultures, social organizations, and ways of life of Yunnan's ethnic minorities, providing valuable data for future academic research (Ma Jiaxiang et al., 2010).Ethnographic observation unveils the essence and uniqueness of Yunnan's ethnic minority cultures, promoting understanding and respect for multiculturalism, and fostering cultural exchange and integration among different ethnic groups (Li Mingyi et al., 2018). Ultimately, ethnographic observation is crucial for the preservation and inheritance of Yunnan's ethnic minority cultural heritage, contributing to the protection and dissemination of valuable cultural assets and driving sustainable development of the local economy (Wang Hong, 2020).
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Palanisamy, Krishnaveni, Sven Daboss, Fatemehsadat Rahide, Sonia Dsoke, and Christine Kranz. "In Situ Analytical Techniques: Solid Electrolyte Interface Analysis of Al Anode Materials for Al-Ion Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 1 (October 9, 2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02197mtgabs.
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Rechargeable post Li-ion batteries based on aluminum (Al) are gaining attention due to high abundance of Al, the high theoretical volumetric capacity, and high safety associated with the low flammability [1,2]. In comparison to Li-ion batteries (LiBs), where the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) has been studied for decades, little is known on SEI formation in dependence of the used electrolyte for Al electrodes. In this study, we present the electrochemical performance of Al foils with two different thicknesses (0.025 mm and 0.075 mm), which were used as negative electrode in Al-ion batteries in AlCl3/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMIm]Cl electrolyte. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine changes in the morphology of Al foils during the charge - discharge process to obtain information on the SEI and its microstructural morphology [3]. Spatially-resolved information on the electrochemical activity of interphase layers on cycled Al foils can be obtained via scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), which so far has only be studied at LiBs [4]. First results reveal the correlation between the morphological changes of SEI layer during cycling and its electrochemical behavior depending on the Al foil surface properties, which will be presented and discussed in this contribution. Key words: Al foil, AFM, microstructure, SEI layer, SECM. References: Meng-Chang Lin, Ming Gong, Bingan Lu, Yingpeng Wu, Di-Yan Wang, Mingyun Guan, Michael Angell, Changxin Chen, Jiang Yang, Bing-Joe Hwang and Hongjie Dai, Nature, 520, 325–328 (2015). Li, and N.J. Bjerrum, J. Power Sources, 110, 1–10 (2002). Feng Wu, Na Zhu, Ying Bai, Yaning Gao, and Chuan Wu, Green Energy & Environment 3, 71-77, (2018). Bastian Krueger, Luis Balboa, Jan Frederik Dohmann, Martin Winter, Peter Bieker and Gunther Wittstock. ChemElectroChem,7, 3590–3596, (2020). This work contributes to the research performed at CELEST (Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage Ulm-Karlsruhe) and was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) under Project ID 390874152 (POLiS Cluster of Excellence).
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Eckert, Martin, Franziska Jach, Maximilian Wassner, and Ulrike Wunderwald. "Insights into the Electrochemical Degradation of Aluminum Dual-Ion Batteries: Influence of Internal Cell Resistance & Applied Current Density." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 4 (December 22, 2023): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-024539mtgabs.
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To face the upcoming demand on high-power energy storage systems, e.g, for high-dynamic grid-stabilization , stationary devices as used in photovoltaics, and mobile applications led to invention of various battery technologies like sodium-ion batteries (SIB), zinc-ion batteries (ZIB) and high-power lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Especially the several lithium-ion battery technologies have in common that currently used raw materials like lithium-salts and heavy metals (Ni, Co, Mn) are becoming increasingly scarce and therefore expensive. Without substitution by less-critical materials the ongoing energy system transformation cannot be successfully achieved. One promising system that gained attention in the last few years is the so-called aluminum graphite dual-ion battery (AGDIB). The active electrodes are made of cheap and abundant materials like graphite as cathode material and an aluminum-foil as anode1. During operation chloroaluminate anions from the electrolyte, which is currently based on ionic liquids like 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumchloride ([EMIm]Cl) and AlCl3 in stoichiometric ratios as well as deep-eutectic solvents based on mixtures of urea and AlCl3, are (de)intercalated in the graphitic host-structure while on the anode metallic aluminum is electrochemically deposited and dissolved see equation (1) and (2), respectively2, 3. The overall mechanism is quite comparable with Li-metal batteries, where metallic Li is reversibly dissolved and deposited. The big advantages of AGDIBs are cheap electrode materials (graphite & aluminum), electrolytes based on urea and an extraordinary high-power cell-chemistry. Recent publications showed charging rates up to 20 A g-1 Graphite equal to 9 kW kg-1 Graphite in laboratory-scaled cells. Also, the lifetime of those batteries seems to be non-competitive, cycles up to half a million were reported with negligible capacity fading or degradation effects.4 To develop scalable and more representative battery cells, we established the AGDIB cell chemistry in a new corrosion-stable pouch bag design. Due to the significant increased electrode surface area and overall capacity, hitherto unknown effects were observed which limited the end of lifetime (EOL) of those batteries to less than 8,000 cycles. Herein, we report on a detailed analysis of the cell failure, including several electrochemical in-situ techniques like galvanostatic intermittent titration techniques (GITT), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).5 The obtained data will allow a fundamental understanding of the cell operation under low (≤ 1 C-rates) and very high C-rates ≥ 15 C, which is important for establishing a durable AGDIB with high cycling stability. References M.-C. Lin, M. Gong, B. Lu, Y. Wu, D.-Y. Wang, M. Guan, M. Angell, C. Chen, J. Yang, B.-J. Hwang and H. Dai, Nature, 520(7547), 325–328 (2015). M. L. Agiorgousis, Y.-Y. Sun and S. Zhang, ACS Energy Lett., 2(3), 689–693 (2017). M. Angell, G. Zhu, M.‐C. Lin, Y. Rong and H. Dai, Adv. Funct. Mater., 30(4), 1901928 (2020). G. A. Elia, N. A. Kyeremateng, K. Marquardt and R. Hahn, Batteries & Supercaps, 2, 83–90 (2019). M. Safari and C. Delacourt, J. Electrochem. Soc., 158(10), A1123 (2011). Figure 1
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Tikoo, Akshay, Koushik A.K.S, and Praveen Meduri. "Composites of Carbons/Indium Sulfide for Hydrogen Peroxide Production and Water Purification." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 47 (December 22, 2023): 2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02472356mtgabs.
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Photocatalysis enables room temperature synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) without any byproducts as well as offering advantages such as low cost, and no release of toxic chemicals [1]. Thus, photocatalysis is an appealing approach for the environmentally friendly synthesis of H2O2. Two-dimensional (2D) layered transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) photocatalysts are good at light harvesting due to their high specific surface area and exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties which make them suitable for environmental remediation and energy production [2]. Metal sulfides have a narrower band gap, which improves their light absorption ability in the visible spectrum. However, they often suffer from low quantum yield and high charge recombination rate. Carbonaceous materials have been proven as very effective co-catalysts with semiconductors at increasing their photoactivity and decreasing recombination rate [3]. The present study focusses on indium sulfide (In2S3) and its composites with carbon nano tubes (CNTs) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs) for H2O2 generation via two-electron oxygen reduction reaction. In2S3, In2S3-CNT and In2S3-CQD are synthesized via hydrothermal method. Structural and optical properties characterized using several techniques such as XRD, Raman, UV-Vis-DRS, PL spectra, SEM, TEM etc. show high crystallinity of In2S3 lattice, good dispersion of carbons on In2S3 lattice, improved light absorption and decrease in recombination rate in In2S3 carbon composites. Photoelectric properties are studied using chronoamperometry, EIS, cyclic voltammetry etc. The In2S3 carbon composites show good stability and lower charge transfer resistance and higher active surface area than pure In2S3. The carbon composite materials show a significantly higher performance than the pure In2S3. In2S3-CQD achieves H2O2 production rate of 634 µM h-1, which is ~ 17 times higher than that of pure In2S3. These composites also show good performance for water treatment with In2S3-CQD removing 93% chromium(VI) and 94% rhodamine B (RhB) from contaminated water upon 2h of irradiation. The mechanism of removal of the impurities is also discussed. In2S3-CQD has shown good results owing to their good light absorption, high specific surface area, and CQDs being able to act as electron reservoir. Keywords : Photocatalysis, Hydrogen peroxide photosynthesis, Advanced Oxidation processes, Wastewater Treatment. References [1] M. Melchionna, P. Fornasiero, Updates on the Roadmap for Photocatalysis, ACS Catal. 10 (2020) 5493–5501. https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.0c01204. [2] S. Hao, X. Zhao, Q. Cheng, Y. Xing, W. Ma, X. Wang, G. Zhao, X. Xu, A Mini Review of the Preparation and Photocatalytic Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials, Frontiers in Chemistry. 8 (2020). https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2020.582146 (accessed August 19, 2022). [3] L. Chen, Y. Zhou, W. Tu, Z. Li, C. Bao, H. Dai, T. Yu, J. Liu, Z. Zou, Enhanced photovoltaic performance of a dye-sensitized solar cell using graphene–TiO2 photoanode prepared by a novel in situ simultaneous reduction-hydrolysis technique, Nanoscale. 5 (2013) 3481–3485. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3NR34059G.
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Chu, Pingyi. "Anjing Qu. Zhongguo jin xian dai ke ji jiang li zhi du [Science and Technology Awards in Modern China]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.). 329 pp., tables, bibl., index. Jinan: Shandong jiao yu chu ban she [Shandong Education Press], 2005. (Paper.)." Isis 99, no. 2 (June 2008): 444–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/591383.
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Zhang, Qing, and Yuru Wang. "(Digital Presentation) Self-Discharge Study of Carbon-Based Supercapacitors with Tunable Pore Size." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 8 (August 28, 2023): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-0181116mtgabs.
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Electrochemical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs), as a major type of energy storage devices besides rechargeable batteries such as lithium-ion batteries, holds excellent properties such as high power density and ultra-long cycling stability[1-3]; however, its fast self-discharge process has become the major issue that impedes its development and application. Even though research on EDLCs’ self-discharge has demonstrated that the fast self-discharge rate can be tuned even repressed through modifying certain structural properties of electrodes or electrolytes[4-9], to the end of realizing full control over the self-discharge process requires unveiling the fundamental relation between structural parameters (i.e., the pore structure, the surface functionalities, the electrolytic ion size and shape, and etc.) and the self-discharge performance. Carbon, due to its superior chemical stability, high surface area, natural abundance, etc.[4,10], has become one of the main types of electrode materials under extensive research interest for developing advanced EDLCs. Herein, we focus on tuning the pore size, one of the major structural properties of carbon materials relating to its electrochemical performance, to study its effects on self-discharge process and to learn how to construct the optimal pore structure with respect to certain application requirements. In this work, porous carbon materials with designed pore structure are prepared via soft-template method to analyse the self-discharge performance. Through investigating the effects of pore size, as the single variable, on the self-discharge process, as well as on the micro-electrochemical process on the electrode/electrolyte interface, underlying mechanism between pore size and the self-discharge performance has been constructed. These findings should provide guidance on how to locate the optimal pore size for a chosen electrolyte and to realize control over self-discharge, which will serve as solid references for designing the next-generation EDLCs with high performance and controllable self-discharge rates. Reference [1] X. Chen, R. Paul, L. Dai, Natl. Sci. Rev., 2017, 4(3), 453-489. [2] G. Wang, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, Chem. Soc. Rev ., 2012, 41, 797-828. [3] Y. Liu, Y. Shen, L. Sun, J. Li, C. Liu, W. Ren, F. Li, L. Gao, J. Chen, F. Liu, Y. Sun, N. Tang, H. Cheng, Y. Du, Nat. Commun., 2016, 7, 10921. [4] Q. Zhang, C. Cai, J.W. Qin, B.Q. Wei, Nano Energy., 2014, 4, 14-22. [5] T. Tevi, H. Yaghoubi, J. Wang, A. Takshi, J. Power Sources., 2013, 241, 589-596. [6] L. Chen, H. Bai, Z. Huang, L. Li, Energy Environ. Sci., 2014, 7, 1750-1759. [7] G. Shul, D. Bélanger, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 18, 19137-19145. [8] M. Xia, J. Nie, Z. Zhang, X. Lu, Z.L. Wang, Nano Energy., 2018, 47, 43-50. [9] J. Menzel, E. Frackowiak, K. Fic, Electrochimica Acta, 2020, 332, 135435. [10] D.P. Dubal, O. Ayyad, V. Ruiz, P. Gomez-Romero, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2015, 44, 1777–1790. Figure 1
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Li, Hu, Juan Li, Michael D. Webb, Jia-Jia Wang, and Ren-Huai Dai. "Six new species of the leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Eurymelinae, Macropsini) from China." ZooKeys 1165 (June 5, 2023): 183–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1165.81776.
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The nominate subgenus Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura, 1912 is widely distributed in the Oriental region but has high species diversity only in southern China. The present paper describes and illustrates six new species of Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) namely, P. (P.) ailaoshanensis Li & Dai, sp. nov., P. (P.) quadrispinosus Li & Dai, sp. nov., P. (P.) flavus Li & Dai, sp. nov., and P. (P.) pianmaensis Li & Dai, sp. nov. all collected in Yunnan Province, southwestern China, P. (P.) maoershanensis Li & Dai, sp. nov., found in Guangxi Autonomous Region, southern China, and P. (P.) huangi Li & Dai sp. nov., from Taiwan, previously incorrectly recorded as a new name by Li & Dai, 2018 in Dai et al. 2018: 203 for P. (P.) femorata Huang & Viraktamath, 1993 (nec Pediopsis femorata Hamilton, 1980). Two new junior synonyms of Sispocnis Anufriev, 1967 are proposed, i.e., Digitalis Liu & Zhang, 2002, syn. nov. and Neosispocnis Dmitriev, 2020, syn. nov.
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Zhu, Yuelin. "Li Zhang. Xin Zhongguo yu xin ke xue: gao fen zi xue zai xian dai Zhongguo de jian li [New Science for a New China: Institutionalization of Polymer Science in the P. R. China]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.). 340 pp., tables, bibl., index. Jinan: Shandong jiao yu chu ban she [Shandong Education Press], 2005. ¥37.50 (paper)." Isis 99, no. 2 (June 2008): 446–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/591385.
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DAI, REN-HUAI, JI-CHUN XING, and ZI-ZHONG LI. "A new species of the leafhopper genus Neoreticulum Dai in China (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae), with a key to species." Zootaxa 3180, no. 1 (February 1, 2012): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3180.1.5.
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The deltocephaline genus Reticulum, of tribe Athysanini, was established by Dai, Li & Chen (2006) with Reticulum transvittatum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 as its type species. Dai & Zhang (2008) reviewed this genus and described two new species: R. trispinosum and R. lanceolatum from China. Recently, Dai (2009) proposed a new replacement name Neoreticulum to Reticulum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 because the latter is a junior homonym of Reticulum Schröder, Medioli & Scott, 1989, and made three new combinations.
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DAI, WU. "New replacement name for Chinese leafhopper genus Reticulum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae)." Zootaxa 2112, no. 1 (May 20, 2009): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2112.1.7.
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Deltocephalinae is the largest and most economically important group of leafhoppers, containing over 6500 described species (Zahniser & Dietrich, 2008). Many undescribed species of Deltocephalinae have been discovered in China. The deltocephaline genus Reticulum was established by Dai, Li and Chen (2006) with the type species R. transvittatum Dai, Li & Chen from China. Dai and Zhang (2008) revised the genus and added two new species. Nevertheless the name Reticulum is preoccupied and was initially introduced by Schröder, Medioli & Scott, 1989 for a genus of the foraminifer Family Komokidae (with the type species Reticulum pingue Schröder, Medioli & Scott, 1989 from Nares Abyssal Plain). Thus, the genus Reticulum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 is a junior homonym of the genus Reticulum Schröder, Medioli and Scott, 1989. According to Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, I propose for Reticulum Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 the new replacement name Neoreticulum nom. nov. Accordingly, new combinations are herein proposed for the cicadellid species currently included in this genus: Neoreticulum lanceolatum (Dai & Zhang, 2008), Neoreticulum trispinosum (Dai & Zhang, 2008), and Neoreticulum transvittatum (Dai, Li & Chen, 2006)
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Mathew K V, Binoy, and Maryelizabeth Tidiya Walarine. "Neck pain among smartphone users: an imminent public health issue during the pandemic time." Journal of Ideas in Health 3, Special1 (September 29, 2020): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.issspecial1.65.
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COVID-19 Pandemic resulted in social mobility and travel restrictions to contain the infection. It has been reported that there happened post-pandemic surge in the use of the internet and social media as people rely on it more often for entertainment, work, and learning purposes. It is also been used as an unhealthy coping strategy for pandemic related stress. The smartphone was found to be the most common gadget used for accessing internet-based services. Owing to the postural alterations related to the small screen size of smartphones, neck pain was reported very commonly among smartphone users. Neck pain among smartphone users is a public health concern needing immediate attention in the pandemic time. Many of the risk factors leading to neck pain among smartphone users are modifiable. The authors outline preventive strategies that are mostly self- regulated. The strategies recommended include reducing Smartphone usage time (Smartphone-Free Time, Smartphone-Free Zone), maintaining ideal posture (Focus Breaks, Mobility Breaks, How am I keeping my posture?, Hands-free alternatives), doing regular exercises, preparing and following an activity schedule, and inculcating healthy habits.
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Alsalameh AM, Harisi MJ, Alduayji MA, Almutham AA, Mahmood FM. Evaluating the relationship between smartphone addiction/overuse and musculoskeletal pain among medical students at Qassim University. J Fam Med Prim care. 2019;8(9):2953–9. https://doi.org/4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_665_19
Toh SH, Coenen P, Howie EK, Smith AJ, Mukherjee S, Mackey DA, et al. A prospective longitudinal study of mobile touch screen device use and musculoskeletal symptoms and visual health in adolescents. Appl Ergon. 2020; 85:103028. https://doi.org/1016/j.apergo.2019.103028
Lee S, Kang H, Shin G. Head flexion angle while using a smartphone. Ergonomics. 2015 Feb 17;58(2):220–6. https://doi.org/1080/00140139.2014.967311
Guan X, Fan G, Chen Z, Zeng Y, Zhang H, Hu A, et al. Gender difference in mobile phone use and the impact of digital device exposure on neck posture. Ergonomics. 2016;59(11):1453–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2016.1147614
Han H, Shin G. Head flexion angle when web-browsing and texting using a smartphone while walking. Appl Ergon. 2019; 81:102884. https://doi.org/1016/j.apergo.2019.102884
Singla D, Veqar Z. Association between forward head, rounded shoulders, and increased thoracic kyphosis: a review of the literature. J Chiropr Med. 2017;16(3):220–9. https://doi.org/1016/j.jcm.2017.03.004
Park J-H, Kang S-Y, Lee S-G, Jeon H-S. The effects of smart phone gaming duration on muscle activation and spinal posture: Pilot study. Physiother Theory Pract. 2017;33(8):661–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2017.1328716
Xie Y, Szeto GPY, Dai J, Madeleine P. A comparison of muscle activity in using touchscreen smartphone among young people with and without chronic neck–shoulder pain. Ergonomics. 2016;59(1):61–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1056237
Hansraj KK. Assessment of stresses in the cervical spine caused by posture and position of the head. Surg Technol Int. 2014; 25:277–9.
Li W, Yang Y, Liu Z-H, Zhao Y-J, Zhang Q, Zhang L, et al. Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. Int J Biol Sci. 2020;16(10):1732–8. https://doi.org/7150/ijbs.45120
Namwongsa S, Puntumetakul R, Neubert MS, Boucaut R. Factors associated with neck disorders among university student smartphone users. Work. 2018;61(3):367–78. https://doi.org/3233/WOR-182819
Ko P-H, Hwang Y-H, Liang H-W. Influence of smartphone use styles on typing performance and biomechanical exposure. Ergonomics. 2016;59(6):821–8. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1088075
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Lyon, Susan. "Poetry of Li Bao Nguyen." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 269, no. 24 (June 23, 1993): 3101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1993.03500240044012.
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OKUDERA, SHIGERU, and MASAMI HAYASHI. "Two new species of the macropsine leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Eurymelinae) from Japan, with description of a new subgenus." Zootaxa 5418, no. 2 (February 28, 2024): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5418.2.4.
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Two new macropsine species, Celopsis yaeyamana sp. nov. and Pediopsoides (Glaphyropsis) aurantescens subgen. & sp. nov. are described and illustrated from the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. Four Celopsis species, C. membrana (Zhang), C. montaninversa (Yang & Zhang), C. trifurcata (Li, Dai & Li) and C. rhombica (Li, Dai & Li) are transferred to the new subgenus Glaphyropsis.
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Li, Hu, Juan Li, and Ren-Huai Dai. "Review of the leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Sispocnis) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Eurymelinae, Macropsini) with description of two new species from China." ZooKeys 855 (June 13, 2019): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.855.33591.
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The leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Sispocnis) Anufriev, 1967 is reviewed and the type species is fixed asBythoscopuskogotensisMatsumura, 1912. Six valid species of the subgenus are recognized including two new species described and illustrated here, Pediopsoides (Sispocnis) rectus Li, Li & Dai,sp. nov.and P. (S.) triangulus Li, Li & Dai,sp. nov.from Sichuan Province of Southwestern China. Additionally P. (S.) heterodigitatus Dai & Zhang, 2009 is proposed as a junior synonym of P. (S.) aomians (Kuoh, 1981) based on examination of many specimens. A key to species of the subgenus is also provided for identification.
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Guo, Huihui, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Yongxiang Chen, Zhixiang Guo, Lingli Zhang, et al. "Abstract 5819: An anti-TROP2-CPT113 ADC, exhibits potent targeted antitumor activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 5819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-5819.
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Abstract Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (TROP2) is highly expressed in a number of epithelial cancer types and is considered to be a poor prognostic marker. We have developed an anti-TROP2 antibody-drug conjugate, DXC1002, that contains a potent inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I payload (CPT113) attached to the antibody mainly in the Fab region via a unique hydrophilic CrossConju™ linker. The anti-tumor activities of DXC1002 were studied in various human cancer cell lines and xenograft mouse models and pharmacokinetic profile of DXC1002 were evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys and rats. DXC1002 demonstrated potent anti-tumor activity in TROP2 tumor cells of various expression levels in vitro, and at low dose of 1 mg/kg for one injection, in both high and moderate Trop2 expression xenograft models. In plasma stability studies, wherein DXC1002 was incubated in the plasma of five different species for 168 hours (7 days) at 37 oC, over 90% ADC was intact, exhibiting good stability of the CrossConju™ linker. Pharmacokinetic studies of DXC1002 in monkeys (TROP2 cross-species) and rats (non-TROP2 cross-species) showed half-lives of about 61.27 and 236.77 hours, respectively. Systemic clearance in monkey and rat was 0.41-0.67 and 0.279-0.309 mL/h/kg, respectively. The longer half-lives and slower clearance observed in rats the results offered a more direct assessment of the linker stability as target-mediated clearance played no role in rats. In summary, with the conjugation of a DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor payload to Trop2 antibody via the CrossConju™ linker, DXC1002 demonstrates remarkable anti-tumor properties and pharmacokinetic profile, with a potential to be further validated in clinical applications. Citation Format: Huihui Guo, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Yongxiang Chen, Zhixiang Guo, Lingli Zhang, Lu Bai, Junxiang Jia, Yunxia Zheng, Wei Zheng, Jun Zheng, Wenjun Li, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhongliang Fan, Mengmeng Liu, Binbin Chen, Meng Dai, Juan Wang, Miaomiao Chen, Qingliang Yang, Robert Y. Zhao. An anti-TROP2-CPT113 ADC, exhibits potent targeted antitumor activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5819.
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LI, HU, REN-HUAI DAI, and ZI-ZHONG LI. "Leafhopper subgenus Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton, 1980 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Macropsinae) with new species, record, combination and synonymy from Southern China." Zootaxa 4294, no. 1 (July 17, 2017): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4294.1.5.
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A new species Pedionis (Pedionis) damingshanensis sp. nov. from Guangxi of China is described and illustrated, a known species P. (P.) garuda (Distant, 1916) rec. nov. is reported for the first time and redescribed based on 4 specimens in Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan of China, a new combination P. (P.) hamiltoni (Li, Dai & Li, 2014) comb. nov. from the genus Varicopsella is revealed and a junior synonym Varicopsella (Multispinulosa) Li, Dai & Li, 2014 syn. nov. under Pedionis (Pedionis) Hamilton, 1980 is proposed.
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chapman, jessica m. "Staging Democracy: South Vietnam's 1955 Referendum to Depose Bao Dai*." Diplomatic History 30, no. 4 (September 2006): 671–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7709.2006.00573.x.
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WEN, CHAO, FANGYING CHEN, and WU DAI. "A review of the leafhopper genus Scaphoideus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Guangxi of China, with description of one new species." Zootaxa 4247, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4247.4.1.
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Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region is one of the China's richest regions in terms of biodiversity. Previously, only five species of the genus Scaphoideus Uhler have been reported from Guangxi. Here fifteen species of Scaphoideus from Guangxi, including one new species, are recognized: S. exsertus Li, S. albovittatus Matsumura, S. apicalis Li, S. bilineus Li, S. yuani Chen, Dai and Zhang, S. dentaedeagus Li and Wang, S. festivus Matsumura, S. kumamotonis Matsumura, S. maculatus Li, S. nigrigenatus Li, S. nigrisignus Li, S. palingus Li and Dai, S. yingjiangensis Wang and Li, S. zhoui Li and Xing and S. proxaprocessus sp. nov. Two new synonyms are revealed, Scaphoideus pristiophorus Kamitani and Hayashi, 2013 syn. nov., a junior synonym of Scaphoideus apicalis Li, 1999, and Scaphoideus spiculatus Viraktamath and Mohan, June 2004 syn. nov., a junior synonym of Scaphoideus yingjiangensis Wang and Li, March 2004. The new species is described, and photographs of external habitus and male genitalia of all the species treated are also given along with a key to the species of the region.
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Đức Thuận, Phạm, and Phạm Thị Phượng Linh. "Bao Dai Solution and the Formation of the “National Government of Vietnam” During the Indochina War (1945-1954)." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 13, no. 2 (March 5, 2024): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2024-0056.
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After World War II, Vietnam declared independence from France and Japan following the victory of the resistance movement for independence led by the Viet Minh. However, with the regulations at the Yalta conference, France returned to wage war to force Vietnam and the entire Indochina peninsula to fall under French rule as before. In Vietnam, France refused to cooperate with Viet Minh because it believed that this organization was Communist. France tried every way to set up a “puppet” government and they turned to Bao Dai, an Emperor who had just been overthrown in August 1945. The Bao Dai solution was proposed by France to maintain colonialism in Vietnam. This solution aims to establish a “National Government of Vietnam” under French influence, maintaining French interests and influence. This research article aims to clarify the puppet nature of the “National Government of Vietnam” and show that it had an important influence on the situation in Vietnam during the Indochina War (1945-1954). Methods of exploiting historical documents, logical methods and international relations research methods are used to clarify the content of the research article.
Received: 13 October 2023 / Accepted: 29 January 2024 / Published: 5 March 2024
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ZHANG, LAN, and JICHUN XING. "Description of a new leafhopper species of the genus Watanabella (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from China." Zootaxa 4808, no. 3 (July 3, 2020): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4808.3.8.
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A new leafhopper species Watanabella curvatua sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Yunnan Province, China. New synonyms are revealed, Paramacrosteles Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 is a junior synonym of Watanabella Vilbaste, 1969 and Paramacrosteles nigromaculatus Dai, Li & Chen, 2006 is a junior synonym of Watanabella graminea Choe, 1981. A key is given to distinguish all species of the genus. The type specimen of the new species is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China (GUGC).
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Li, Hu, Ran-Huai Dai, and Michael D. Webb. "Description of two new species of the leafhopper genus Pediopsis Burmeister (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Eurymelinae, Macropsini) from China." ZooKeys 1149 (February 22, 2023): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1149.81434.
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Two new leafhopper species of Pediopsis Burmeister, Pediopsis albopicta Li & Dai, sp. nov. from Hunan and Guizhou provinces of central China and Pediopsis pianmaensis Li & Dai, sp. nov. from Yunnan Province of southwestern China, are described and illustrated. Ambiguity in the original description of P. bannaensis Yang & Zhang is discussed, and figures of the female holotype of P. femorata Hamilton are provided for the first time. A checklist and key to Chinese species of Pediopsis are also given.
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Chiang, Howard. "The Secrets of a Loyalist Soul." GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/10642684-10144407.
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In the 1930s, Peking Union Medical College oversaw the most advanced neuropsychiatric unit in China. Li, a married twenty-two-year-old college student, sought treatment there in 1937 for his anxiety disorder. In ten months with therapist Bingham Dai (1899–1996), Li worked out his secret desire for homosexual and extramarital relations. Dai, trained in sociology at the University of Chicago, interpreted Li's condition in terms of the psychology of wartime collaboration. Drawing on this case study, this article accomplishes three objectives. First, it reassesses the historical relationship between psychoanalysis and homosexuality in a non-Western context. The particular dynamics of Sino-Japanese relations advances a rethinking of the global history of sexual science. Second, the essay aims to elucidate the multiple currents of psychodynamic thinking in 1930s China. Dai integrated psychoanalysis into a clinical setting and stressed the unlocking of Chinese cultural factors as the key to successful therapeutic outcome. What distinguished Dai was his interest in the epistemological overlaps between the neo-Freudian and Confucian approaches to social relations and interpersonal dynamics. Finally, the article discusses how Dai's treatment of Li raises subversive questions about the fragile position of the therapist himself, with respect to both sexual orientation and nationalist identification.
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Kwong, Luke S. K. "Whatever Happened to Tan Sitong's Wife?—A Footnote in Modern Chinese History." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 5, no. 3 (November 1995): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300006635.
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Tan Sitong's summary execution at the close of the Hundred Days Reform (1898) inadvertently threw his wife, Li Run, into the public limelight. Following the September coup, the Guowen bao (National News) in Tianjin carried a story, entitled “Tan liefu zhuan” (Biography of the virtuous woman Tan), in which Li allegedly committed suicide by slashing her throat on learning of her husband's fate. She died broken-hearted, it was said, in protest against the wicked court ministers responsible for Tan's death. The story was quickly reprinted in Qingyi bao (The China Discussion), a periodical which Liang Qichao, a reformer in exile, started in Yokohama, Japan, as one prong of his anti-Qing campaign. The report on Li's demise continued to circulate. Twenty years later, when the Chinese scholar, Yi Zhongkui, compiled his Xin shishuo (Sequel to New Account of Tales of the World), he included a short biography of Li Run, based on the Guowen bao account. More recently, in her Chinese Women in a Century of Revolution 1850–1950, Ono Kazuko refers to the suicide story and wisely cautions about its veracity. But she adduces no evidence to confirm what actually did happen to Li Run in 1898.
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Kwong–Loi, Shun. "Dai Zhen on Nature (Xing) and Pattern (LI)." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 41, no. 1-2 (March 2, 2014): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15406253-0410102002.
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Belsky, Richard, and Frederick Wakeman,. "Spymaster: Dai Li and the Chinese Secret Service." Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 64, no. 2 (December 1, 2004): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25066749.
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Kwong-Loi, Shun. "Dai Zhen on Nature (Xing) and Pattern (Li)." Journal of Chinese Philosophy 41, no. 1-2 (March 2014): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1540-6253.12090.
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Szalontai, Balázs. "The “Sole Legal Government of Vietnam”: The Bao Dai Factor and Soviet Attitudes toward Vietnam, 1947–1950." Journal of Cold War Studies 20, no. 3 (September 2018): 3–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jcws_a_00813.
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Earlier historical studies often suggested that the Soviet leader Iosif Stalin, distrustful as he was of Ho Chi Minh's policies and attributing little importance to Vietnam, remained unwilling to recognize the Democratic Republic of Vietnam until the Chinese Communist leaders threw their weight behind their Vietnamese comrades. On the basis of Soviet press articles, Hungarian archival documents, United Nations (UN) records, and other sources, this article shows that in fact Soviet interest in Vietnam significantly increased as early as 1948–1949, well before the proclamation of the People's Republic of China. This interest, expressed in growing press coverage and sporadic efforts to represent North Vietnam's cause in various UN organs, seems to have been linked to Moscow's strong disapproval of France's attempts to create an anti-Communist “puppet state.” From the outset, the USSR took the position that the Communist North was the sole legitimate representative of the Vietnamese nation and, hence, that the Bao Dai regime in the South was ipso facto illegitimate. The article concludes that Chinese support to Ho Chi Minh was only one of the three major factors that persuaded Stalin to recognize North Vietnam; the two others were the “Bao Dai factor” and Moscow's dissatisfaction with France's new European policy.
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Shen, Grace Y. "Xuetong Li. Weng Wenhao nian pu [The Chronicle of Dr. Weng Wenhao]. (Zhongguo jin xian dai ke xue ji shu shi yan jiu cong shu.). 430 pp., bibl., index. Jinan: Shandong jiao yu chu ban she [Shandong Education Press], 2005. π¯16 (paper)." Isis 99, no. 4 (December 2008): 874–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/597736.
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Bao, Wurigumula, and Ying Shirley Meng. "(Invited) Development and Application of Titration Gas Chromatography in Elucidating the Behavior of Anode in Lithium Batteries." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 2 (August 28, 2023): 633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-012633mtgabs.
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The accelerated transition to renewable energy systems worldwide has triggered increasing interest in energy storage technologies, especially in lithium batteries. Accurate diagnosis and understanding of the batteries degradation mechanism are essential. Titration Gas Chromatography (TGC) has been developed to quantitively understand the anode. The inactive Li in the cycled anode can be categorized into two kinds: 1) trapped Li0 (such as trapped lithiated graphite (LixC6), Li0, and lithium silicon alloy (LixSi)) and 2) solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) Li+. Noted that only trapped Li0 can react with the protic solvent to generate the hydrogen (H2), while SEI (Li+) does not1. Therefore, the H2 gas quantification can be correlated to the trapped Li0 as the foundation mechanism of TGC. With the optimal solvent selection, we successfully applied TGC to investigated: 1) the degradation behavior of Si-based anode materials2, 3; 2) corrosion effects on electrochemically deposited Li metal anode4; 3) the cycling behavior of Gr anode; 4) Li inventory quantification in practical Li metal battery5. We demonstrate the various application of TGC techniques in quantitatively examining the Li inventory changes of the anode. Beyond that, the results can provide unique insights into identifying the critical bottlenecks that facilitate battery performance development. References: Fang, C.; Li, J.; Zhang, M.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, F.; Lee, J. Z.; Lee, M. H.; Alvarado, J.; Schroeder, M. A.; Yang, Y.; Lu, B.; Williams, N.; Ceja, M.; Yang, L.; Cai, M.; Gu, J.; Xu, K.; Wang, X.; Meng, Y. S., Quantifying inactive lithium in lithium metal batteries. Nature 2019, 572 (7770), 511-515. Bao, W.; Fang, C.; Cheng, D.; Zhang, Y.; Lu, B.; Tan, D. H.; Shimizu, R.; Sreenarayanan, B.; Bai, S.; Li, W., Quantifying lithium loss in amorphous silicon thin-film anodes via titration-gas chromatography. Cell Reports Physical Science 2021, 2 (10), 100597. Sreenarayanan, B.; Tan, D. H.; Bai, S.; Li, W.; Bao, W.; Meng, Y. S., Quantification of lithium inventory loss in micro silicon anode via titration-gas chromatography. Journal of Power Sources 2022, 531, 231327. Lu, B.; Li, W.; Cheng, D.; Bhamwala, B.; Ceja, M.; Bao, W.; Fang, C.; Meng, Y. S., Suppressing chemical corrosions of lithium metal anodes. Advanced Energy Materials 2022, 2202012. Deng, W.; Yin, X.; Bao, W.; Zhou, X.; Hu, Z.; He, B.; Qiu, B.; Meng, Y. S.; Liu, Z., Quantification of reversible and irreversible lithium in practical lithium-metal batteries. Nature Energy 2022, 7 (11), 1031-1041.
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Zhu, Jingjing, Junxiang Jia, Huihui Guo, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Lingli Zhang, et al. "Abstract 1882: DXC024, a novel anti-TROP2/EGFR bispecific antibody and tubulysin conjugate, for targeted treatment of highly TROP2- or EGFR-expressing tumors." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 1882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-1882.
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Abstract Antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) which combine the precision of targeted therapy with the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy have become a promising drug class in cancer therapy. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in a wide diversity of epithelial tumors, promoting cell proliferation and survival pathways. Tumor-associated calcium signal transducer 2 (Trop2) is also expressed in a wide range of solid tumors and has been used as a transport gate for cytotoxic agents into cells in antibody-drug conjugate constructions for clinic applications. However, the approved Trop2 ADC, sacituzumab govitecan, only showed an objective response rate (ORR) of 17% and median OS of 9.5 months for lung cancers. In addition, both EGFR-ADC and Trop2-ADC had exhibited strong side effects in clinical trials due to their expression on some normal tissues, such as skin, mouth, eyes, etc. We generated bispecific Fab/scFv antibodies targeting both TROP2 and EGFR using the knob-into-hole technology, which presumably have wider efficacy, less on-target toxicity in comparison to the ADCs constructed based on the fully individual EGFR and Trop2 IgG antibodies having strong affinity to either EGFR or Trop2 antigens. Indeed, many of generated anti-TROP2/EGFR BsAbs showed strong binding activity in TROP2highEGFRhigh cells and demonstrated over 60% internalization rate within 60 min in vitro. The selected BsAbs were subsequently conjugated with tubulysin B analogs with varieties of peptidyl linkers to generate bispecific ADC (DXC024) candidates, two of which exhibited strong killing activity in A431, MDA-MB-468, Calu3, MCF-7 cells with IC50 of single to ten digital pM. In vivo, they showed very good durable antitumor response at dose as low as 4.6 mg/Kg for one injection in Calu3 (TROP2highEGFRmoderate) xenograft model, and demonstrated enhanced anti-tumor efficacy in comparison to those of the same payload conjugated to the monoclonal TROP2 or EGFR ADCs. These results indicated that DXC024 would be a promising ADC candidate for targeted treatment of highly either TROP2- or EGFR-expressing tumors. Citation Format: Jingjing Zhu, Junxiang Jia, Huihui Guo, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Lingli Zhang, Yongxiang Chen, Lu Bai, Yunxia Zheng, Wei Zheng, Jun Zheng, Juan Wang, Wenjun Li, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhongliang Fan, Mengmeng Liu, Binbin Chen, Meng Dai, Fang Du, Miaomiao Chen, Zhixiang Guo, Qingliang Yang, Robert Y. Zhao. DXC024, a novel anti-TROP2/EGFR bispecific antibody and tubulysin conjugate, for targeted treatment of highly TROP2- or EGFR-expressing tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1882.
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James, Nicole, Melih Ozsoy, Payton De La Cruz, Morgan Woodman, and Jennifer Ribeiro. "729 Immunologic tumor cell intrinsic effects of standard of care therapies for ovarian cancer." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 9, Suppl 2 (November 2021): A758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2021-sitc2021.729.
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BackgroundOutcomes for high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients have remained dismal due to the inevitable development of chemotherapy resistance with recurrent disease.1 In order to better tailor treatment approaches and uncover opportunities for novel treatments, we need to better understand factors contributing to chemotherapy resistance. Recent studies have shown that immune-related gene expression profiles may serve as prognostic indicators of response to chemotherapy and clinical outcomes in solid tumors, including ovarian cancer.2–7 Moreover, immunologic factors have been shown to mediate chemotherapy resistance8 Reports in the literature show that common ovarian cancer therapeutics, including chemotherapy, PARP inhibitors, and bevacizumab, modulate tumor cell expressed PD-L1 levels through immunologic signaling pathways.9–12 However, very little research has addressed the effect of these treatments on other immune ligands or the differences in immunologic responses between platinum-sensitive and platinum-resistant HGSOC cell lines.MethodsThe HGSOC cell lines OVCAR4 (naturally platinum-resistant), PEO1 and PEO4 (matched platinum-sensitive and -resistant lines from the same patient), were treated with common ovarian cancer therapeutics (carboplatin/paclitaxel, olaparib, and bevacizumab), in the presence or absence of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Western blot was employed to identify levels of immune ligands of interest and a proteome profiler was used to detect broad immunologic changes in response to standard of care therapeutics.ResultsOlaparib and bevacizumab treatment strikingly upregulated levels of tumor cell expressed immune ligands ICOSL and PVRL2. Platinum status or presence of an immune component had no bearing on the effect. Moreover, blockade of PVRL2 using siRNA or monoclonal antibodies suppressed STAT3 signaling. When examining the effect of these therapeutics on cytokine levels in HGSOC cell lines treated in immune cell co-culture, OVCAR4 cells displayed marked changes in cytokine levels, particularly CXCL10, CXCL12, SERPINE1, IL1A, and IL1RA. While PEO1 and PEO4 cells displayed more subtle cytokine changes compared to OVCAR4 cells, differences in basal levels and treatment responses were observed between the platinum-sensitive and -resistant lines, most strikingly higher basal levels of SERPINE1 and CCL5/RANTES in PEO4 cells, and a robust increase in IL8 levels in response to chemotherapy in only PEO1 cells and not PEO4.ConclusionsIn conclusion, common ovarian cancer chemotherapeutics and targeted agents induce tumor cell intrinsic immunologic effects that could potentially be exploited as combinatorial therapeutic targets. Differences in immunologic responses may help define platinum-sensitive and -resistant disease. These results will require further exploration in immune-competent mouse models and human HGSOC tissue.ReferencesCortez AJ, Tudrej P, Kujawa KA, Lisowska KM. Advances in ovarian cancer therapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2018;81(1):17–38.James NE, Miller K, LaFranzo N, Lips E, Woodman M, Ou J, Ribeiro JR. Immune modeling analysis reveals immunologic signatures associated with improved outcomes in high grade serous ovarian cancer. Front Oncol 2021;11:622182.Liu R, Hu R, Zeng Y, Zhang W, Zhou H-H. Tumour immune cell infiltration and survival after platinum-based chemotherapy in high-grade serous ovarian cancer subtypes: a gene expression-based computational study. EBioMedicine 2020;51:102602.Liu J, Meng H, Nie S, Sun Y, Jiang P, Li S, et al. Identification of a prognostic signature of epithelial ovarian cancer based on tumor immune microenvironment exploration. Genomics. 2020.Ding J, Zhang Q, Chen S, Huang H, He L. Construction of a new tumor immunity-related signature to assess and classify the prognostic risk of ovarian cancer. Aging (Albany, NY). 2020;12.Wu Y, Xia L, Zhao P, Deng Y, Guo Q, Zhu J, et al. Immune profiling reveals prognostic genes in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Aging (Albany, NY). 2020;12(12):11398–11415.Montfort A, Owen S, Piskorz AM, Supernat A, Moore L, Al-Khalidi S, et al. Combining measures of immune infiltration shows additive effect on survival prediction in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2020;122(12):1803–1810.Liu W, Wang Y, Xie Y, Dai T, Fan M, Lu C, Zou Y. Cisplatin remodels the tumor immune microenvironment via the transcription factor EB in ovarian cancer. Cell Death Discov. 2021;7(1):136.Peng J, Hamanishi J, Matsumura N, Abiko K, Murat K, Baba T, Yamaguchi K, Horikawa N, Hosoe Y, Murphy SK, Konishi I, Mandai M. Chemotherapy induces programmed cell death-Ligand 1 overexpression via the nuclear factor-κB to foster an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in Ovarian cancer. Cancer Res 2015;75(23):5034–45.Jiao S, Xia W, Yamaguchi H, Wei Y, Chen M-K, Hsu J-M, et al. PARP inhibitor upregulates PD-L1 expression and enhances cancer-associated immunosuppression. Clin Cancer Res 2017;23(14):3711–3720.Xue C, Xu Y, Ye W, Xie Q, Gao H, Xu B, et al. Expression of PD-L1 in ovarian cancer and its synergistic antitumor effect with PARP inhibitor. Gynecol Oncol 2020;157(1):222–233.Zhang L, Chen Y, Li F, Bao L, Liu W. Atezolizumab and bevacizumab attenuate cisplatin resistant Ovarian cancer cells progression synergistically via suppressing epithelial-Mesenchymal transition. Front Immunol 2019;10:867.
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Thao, Hoang Thi Phuong, Phan Thi Bich Hang, and Do Thi Thuy Trang. "Cultural destinations decision of solo-traveler: A network analysis at Dalat City." HO CHI MINH CITY OPEN UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SCIENCE - ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 13, no. 2 (April 18, 2023): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46223/hcmcoujs.econ.en.13.2.2240.2023.
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Studying the network about the ability or the trend of cultural destination selection will help to better view the reality and needs of tourists regarding cultural tourism products and services, the routes the most popular tour, or the “forgotten” destinations. This paper investigates survey results from two hundred solo-traveler, and Gephi 9.2 software to figure out the values of nodes, edges, and level of connectivity between cultural destinations of Dalat. Among the eight tourist attractions with the characteristic of being the most prominent heritage destination of Dalat, only four of the most popular tourist attractions include Space of gong culture, Bao Dai Summer Palace 3, The Lycée Yersin, and Lam Dong Museum. Heritage tourism routes that formed through the choice of visitors are the linking of the following hot spots, namely, Space of gong culture, Bao Dai Summer Palace 3, The Lycée Yersin, Lam Dong Museum, and Cathedral of Dalat Diocese. The combination of destination information promotion in the media and cultural events is seen as the solution for attracting the attention of solo tourists. Furthermore, the development of special tourism promotion programs aimed at these customers must consider package product packages, and promotional opportunities to spread the opportunity to reach the destination more effectively. These can be seen as key recommendations for increasing tourist attraction to Dalat’s cultural tourism in the near future.
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YANG, LIN, and XIANG-SHENG CHEN. "Review of bamboo-feeding leafhopper genus Bambusananus Li & Xing (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with description of a new species from China." Zootaxa 3353, no. 1 (June 21, 2012): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3353.1.2.
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The bamboo-feeding leafhopper genus Bambusananus Li & Xing, 2011 is known to include five species in the world: B. bino-tatus (Li & Dai), B. bipunctatus (Li), B. furcatus Li & Xing, B. lii sp. nov. and B. maculipennis (Li & Wang). One new species,B. lii sp. nov. (Guizhou Province, China), is described and illustrated. Information on host plants and distribution for each species of Bambusananus is given along with a key to all known species.
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Anh, Nguyên Thê. "The Vietnamese Monarchy under French Colonial Rule 1884–1945." Modern Asian Studies 19, no. 1 (February 1985): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0001458x.
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In the epilogue to his memoirs, Bao-Dai, the last sovereign of the Nguyên Dynasty, wrote:In ancient Vietnamese society, the social system is embodied in the person of the emperor, through whom everything religious is done, down to the lowest village level. But, if he sanctifies this act by prescribing or controlling it, he does not assume it. On the contrary, the Vietnamese ideal is that of a sovereign wise enough to reign without stirring, ‘with his hands hanging and his clothes loose…’.
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N., W. H., Hou Chung-i. (Hou Chongyi), Huang Lin, Miao Chuang (Miao Zhuang), and Wang Chi-ch'uan (Wang Jiquan). "Chung-kuo li-tai hsiao-shuo tz'u-tien (Zhongguo li dai xiaoshuo cidian). 4v." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews (CLEAR) 17 (December 1995): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/495581.
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Cai, Xiaobo, Min Cao, Huihui Guo, Qingliang Yang, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, et al. "Abstract 6581: DX126-262 combined with chemotherapy (Cisplatin and 5-Fu) demonstrates promising antitumor efficacy in HER2-positive gastric cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 6581. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-6581.
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Abstract Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, and its morbidity and mortality rank among the top five in the world. Although significant progress has been made in cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy in recent years, the long-term prognosis of patients with advanced or metastatic gastric cancer is still poor. Trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy is the first-line standard of care (SOC) for HER2-positive advanced or metastatic gastric cancer. Two ADC drugs targeting HER2, DS-8201 and RC-48, have also been approved for the treatment of gastric cancer. However, their limited clinical benefits and occurrence of adverse events still present a significant challenge. Therefore, minimizing the off-target toxicity and collateral damage while achieving significant chemotherapy efficacy has become the focus of gastric cancer treatment. DX126-262 is a novel HER2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), generated by conjugating a Tubulysin B analogue to a recombinant humanized anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody through a linker containing branched hydrophilic polyethylene glycol, using thiol-maleimide chemistry to achieve drug antibody ratio (DAR) of 3.8. Previous studies have confirmed that DX126-262 monotherapy showed excellent efficacy in HER2-positive gastric cancer NCI-N87 cells in vitro and in vivo. And the efficacy has also been demonstrated in clinical trials (now in phase II, CTR20211871). Based on above results, we intended to further explore whether combination therapy of DX126-262 with Cisplatin and 5-FU can improve the anti-tumor efficacy compared with SOC (Herceptin plus Cisplatin and 5-FU) or DS-8201 monotherapy. The triple-drug combination therapy demonstrated much better therapeutic efficacy than single drug (DX126-262, Cisplatin, 5-FU, Herceptin, or DS-8201) or double-drug combination (Cisplatin plus 5-FU) or SOC (Herceptin plus Cisplatin and 5-FU) on human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, triple-drug combination therapy did not exhibit superimposed toxicity, judging by the body weight of mice and hemal biochemistry assays. These results suggested that DX126-262 plus Cisplatin and 5-FU might be a promising strategy for treatment of HER2-positive advanced or metastatic gastric cancer in clinic. Citation Format: Xiaobo Cai, Min Cao, Huihui Guo, Qingliang Yang, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Zhixiang Guo, Lingli Zhang, Lu Bai, Junxiang Jia, Yunxia Zheng, Yongxiang Chen, Miaomiao Chen, Wei Zheng, Jun Zheng, Wenjun Li, Yuanyuan Huang, Mengmeng Liu, Zhongliang Fan, Hangbo Ye, Yifang Xu, Binbin Chen, Meng Dai, Robert Y. Zhao. DX126-262 combined with chemotherapy (Cisplatin and 5-Fu) demonstrates promising antitumor efficacy in HER2-positive gastric cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 6581.
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Li-Yuan Bao, Robert, Rong Zhao, and Lei Shi. "Correction: Progress and developments in the turbo Grignard reagent i-PrMgCl·LiCl: a ten-year journey." Chemical Communications 51, no. 47 (2015): 9744. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc90243f.
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Garai, Mrinmoy, Anoop K. Maurya, and Shibayan Roy. "Zn2+- Controlled Crystallization and Microstructure in K-Li-Mg-B-Si-Al-F Glass." MRS Advances 3, no. 60 (2018): 3525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.526.
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Abstract Text:The crystallization of (9-X) K2O-1Li2O-12MgO-10B2O3-40SiO2-16Al2O3-12MgF2-X PbO/BaO/ZnO (X =0/5) composition (wt.%) were studied by means of dilatometry, DSC, XRD, SEM and microhardness analysis. Density of base K-Li-Mg-B-Si-Al-F glass (2.59 g.cm–3) is found to be increased on addition of the network modifier oxides PbO, BaO and ZnO content. Addition of Pb2+, Ba2+ and Zn2+ furthermore increased the glass transition temperature (Tg.). A characteristic exothermic hump is found to be appeared in DSC thermograph at the temperature range 800-950°C; and that is ascribed to the formation of crystalline phase fluorophlogopite mica, KMg3(AlSi3O10)F2. Opaque glass-ceramics were prepared from K-Li-Mg-B-Si-Al-F glasses (with and without containing PbO, BaO and ZnO content) by controlled heat-treatment at 1000°C. Interlocked type microstructure combined of flake like fluorophlogopite mica crystals is obtained in ZnO-containing K-Li-Mg-B-Si-Al-F glass-ceramic; and such microstructural pattern is ascribed to cause large thermal-expansion (>11.5×10-6/K, 50-800°C).Vickers Microhardness of base glass-ceramic (5.12 GPa) is increased when contains ZnO (5.26 GPa). ZnO-containing boroaluminosilicate glass-ceramic is, hence, considered with potential interest as they can exhibit the microcrack resistivity in high temperature recycling operation (like SOFC).
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Thuấn, Hà Văn, Nguyễn Thành Nam, and Phạm Văn Đếm. "MỨC ĐỘ SUY HÔ HẤP VÀ MỘT SỐ NGUYÊN NHÂN TĂNG ÁP LỰC ĐỘNG MẠCH PHỔI DAI DẲNG Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH." TNU Journal of Science and Technology 229, no. 01 (November 15, 2023): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34238/tnu-jst.8883.
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Tăng áp lực động mạch phổi dai dẳng ở trẻ sơ sinh là một tình trạng bệnh lí nguy hiểm ở trẻ sơ sinh, tỉ lệ tử vong cao. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm mục đích mô tả mức độ suy hô hấp và phân tích một số nguyên nhân gây tăng áp lực động mạch phổi dai dẳng ở trẻ sơ sinh. Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 42 trẻ sơ sinh được chẩn đoán xác định tăng áp lực động mạch phổi dai dẳng tại Trung tâm Nhi Khoa – Bệnh viện Bạch Mai trong thời gian từ tháng 07/2022 đến tháng 06/2023. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, có 57,1% trẻ nam, 42,9% trẻ nữ, trẻ đủ tháng chiếm tỉ lệ 57,1%. Tuổi nhập viện trung bình là 19 giờ sau sinh. Mức độ suy hô hấp nặng chiếm đa số với 69%. Có 31% bệnh nhân tăng áp lực động mạch phổi mức độ nặng, 40,5% mức độ trung bình và 28,5% mức độ nhẹ. Các nguyên nhân gây bệnh được xác định bao gồm: Nhiễm khuẩn huyết (30,9%); ngạt khi sinh (26,2%); bệnh màng trong (21,4%); hội chứng hít phân su (16,7%) và tăng áp lực động mạch phổi vô căn (4,8%). Như vậy, nhiễm khuẩn huyết và ngạt sau sinh là những nguyên nhân thường gặp gây tăng áp lực động mạch phổi dai dẳng ở trẻ sơ sinh.
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Li, Bao-Ning, Jia-Jun Wang, Peng-Yan Fu, Shi-Cheng Wang, and Mei Pan. "Retraction: Controllable color emission of platinum(ii) complexes and their application in light-emitting diodes (LEDs)." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 10, no. 14 (2022): 5727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2tc90068h.
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Jankowski, Lyce. "Le faussaire et le numismate : Li Baotai et Bao Kang." Études chinoises 37, no. 2 (2018): 139–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/etchi.2018.1651.
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Yeh, Wen-Hsin. "Dai Li and the Liu Geqing Affair: Heroism in the Chinese Secret Service During the War of Resistance." Journal of Asian Studies 48, no. 3 (August 1989): 545–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2058639.
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The nationalist military intelligence service has long been a controversial topic in the history of the Chinese Republic (1912–49). This organization, known as the Military Bureau of Statistics and Investigation (Junshi Weiyuanhui Tongji Diaocha Ju, or Juntong), first impinged on civilian society in the 1930s, when it carried out violent deeds against urban-based intellectuals critical of the Nationalist party's rule. Newspaper writers and editors subsequently compared Juntong to the infamous Eastern Depot and Embroidered Guards of the despotic Ming emperors, denouncing the “feudal” and “fascist” nature of Nationalist rule in political tracts and assemblies. During the Pacific War the image of Juntong's chief, General Dai Li (1897–1946), was blackened when he was compared to the Nazi Heinrich Himmler by the Western press. In the bitter and protracted civil struggles between the Chinese Communist party (CCP) and the Guomindang (GMD) after 1941, the Communists focused sharply on the atrocities committed by Juntong and portrayed Dai Li as a monstrous instrument of Chiang Kai-shek's dictatorship.
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Cai, Xiaobo, Min Cao, Huihui Guo, Qingliang Yang, Yongxiang Chen, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, et al. "Abstract 1883: A MUC1 antibody-conjugated with a tubulysin B analog, DXC005, demonstrates excellent synergistic effect in combination with gemcitabine for treatment of pancreatic tumors." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 1883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-1883.
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Abstract Pancreatic cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality. It is difficult to diagnose and detect in the early stage, with low surgical resection rate and high recurrence and metastasis rate after surgery. At present, the clinical therapeutic strategy is extremely limited. The first-line Standard of Care (SOC) for unresectable pancreatic cancer is chemotherapy. The preferred regimen includes gemcitabine combined with albumin paclitaxel or FOLFIRINOX (5-FU+Oxaliplatin+Irinotecan). Due to the limited long-term benefits and toxic side effects of chemotherapy, targeted therapy combined with chemotherapy has become a new therapeutic strategy. MUC1 is a highly glycosylated transmembrane mucin located on the lumen surface of epithelial cells. It can protect cells from extreme factors and plays an important role in tumor cell metabolism, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. Previous studies have confirmed that MUC1 is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, including pancreatic cancer, and is closely related to poor prognosis. DXC005 is a novel MUC1-targeting antibody-drug conjugate (ADC), generated by conjugating a Tubulysin B analogue to a recombinant humanized anti-Muc1 monoclonal antibody. DXC005 is the first MUC1-ADC IND in China, and is currently in phase I clinical trials. Preclinical studies have confirmed the efficacy of DXC005 monotherapy (2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg in one administration) in the HuPrime ® pancreatic cancer PDX model (PA1194). The tumor growth inhibition (TGI) was 42.53 %, 70.77 %, and 95.58 %, respectively. We want to further clarify whether DXC005 combined with chemotherapeutic drug Gemcitabine can ensure or even improve the efficacy while reducing the dosage of Gemcitabine. In PA1194 xenograft model, DXC005 (3 mg/kg or 6 mg/kg) in combination with Gemcitabine (10 mg/kg) showed significant anti-tumor efficacy with 58.77% and 93.17% TGIs, respectively. In contrast, the treatment with 10 mg/kg of Gemcitabine alone exhibited much less TGI. Furthermore, complete response (CR) was observed in some animals after treatment with DXC005 (6 mg/kg) plus Gemcitabine (10 mg/kg). All groups of treatment are tolerated well, no abnormal animal behavior and body weight loss were observed in the study. The above results concluded that DXC005 combined with Gemcitabine can achieve synergistic effect even with reduced dose of Gemcitabine, which will serve as a support for synergistic application in clinical studies. Citation Format: Xiaobo Cai, Min Cao, Huihui Guo, Qingliang Yang, Yongxiang Chen, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Zhixiang Guo, Lingli Zhang, Lu Bai, Junxiang Jia, Yunxia Zheng, Wei Zheng, Jun Zheng, Wenjun Li, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhongliang Fan, Binbin Chen, Yanlei Yang, Meng Dai, Robert Y. Zhao. A MUC1 antibody-conjugated with a tubulysin B analog, DXC005, demonstrates excellent synergistic effect in combination with gemcitabine for treatment of pancreatic tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 1883.
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Cai, Xiaobo, Min Cao, Huihui Guo, Qingliang Yang, Yongxiang Chen, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, et al. "Abstract 4553: DXC004A, a novel EGFR antibody-tubulysin analog conjugate demonstrated potential to broaden therapeutic opportunities for non-small cell lung cancer." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 4553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-4553.
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Abstract EGFR is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family, and the over-expression of EGFR plays an important role in the growth and progression of various tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer. Monoclonal EGFR antibodies, such as cetuximab and panitumumab, have proven efficacy in various types of cancer. However, treatment with the anti-EGFR agents can be associated with toxicities of the skin, nails, hair, and eyes. Nimotuzumab (Nimo) is the first humanized monoclonal antibody targeting EGFR and has been granted approval for use in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck (SCCHN), glioma and nasopharyngeal cancer in different countries. In contrast to cetuximab, Nimotuzumab is distinguished by achieving higher or similar complete remission rate (CRR) or overall remission rate (ORR) of the primary tumor in clinical applications but much less toxicity, resulting in a better safety profile, which has been attributed to its about 10-fold lower affinity. Paclitaxel combined with cisplatin is the first-line chemotherapy regimen for non-small cell lung cancer. A phase 2 clinical trial has confirmed that Nimotuzumab combined with concurrent chemoradiation therapy (radiation concurrent with docetaxel and cisplatin, CCRT) was well tolerated for locally advanced squamous cell lung cancer. However, the combination strategy of Nimo-CCRT has only demonstrated similar OS and PFS to those in the CCRT group. DXC004A is an ADC drug targeting EGFR, in which a Nimotuzumab derivative and a Tubulysin B analog is conjugated by a functional linker. DXC004A is in phase I clinical trial and has demonstrated clinical activity in advanced non-small cell lung cancers and good tolerability. In vitro and in vivo results had confirmed that DXC004A monotherapy had better anti-tumor activity than the combination of Nimotuzumab and Tubulysin analog in HCC827 cell lines with high EGFR expression. Meanwhile, a single injection of low-dose DXC004 (2.5 mg/kg) in HCC827 xenograft model showed very good durable anti-tumor effect. Moreover, the combination of DXC004A with Cisplatin exhibited significantly better activities than that of Nimo-CCRT combination, DXC004A or cisplatin alone, in vitro and in vivo, which might solve the predicament of poor efficacy of Nimo-CCRT combination therapy. This synergy results suggested that DXC004A plus cisplatin would possibly be a new adjuvant therapy for non-small cell lung cancer in further clinical studies. Citation Format: Xiaobo Cai, Min Cao, Huihui Guo, Qingliang Yang, Yongxiang Chen, Xiangfei Kong, Yong Du, Zhicang Ye, Zhixiang Guo, Lingli Zhang, Lu Bai, Junxiang Jia, Yunxia Zheng, Wei Zheng, Jun Zheng, Wenjun Li, Yuanyuan Huang, Zhongliang Fan, Binbin Chen, Meng Dai, Robert Y. Zhao. DXC004A, a novel EGFR antibody-tubulysin analog conjugate demonstrated potential to broaden therapeutic opportunities for non-small cell lung cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4553.
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Goscha, Christopher E., and Agathe Larcher. "Monarchies coloniales et décolonisations comparées dans l’Empire français : Bao Dai, Norodom Sihanouk et Mohammed V." Monde(s) 12, no. 2 (2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mond1.172.0041.
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Martin, Brian G. "Spymaster: Dai Li and the Chinese Secret Service. Frederick Wakeman Jr." China Journal 52 (July 2004): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4127944.
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