Academic literature on the topic 'Li shi ren wu'
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Journal articles on the topic "Li shi ren wu"
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Caro, Denis. "The nexus of transformational leadership of emergency services systems." International Journal of Emergency Services 5, no. 1 (May 3, 2016): 18–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijes-11-2015-0024.
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Purpose – In the face of diverse national and international threats, the purpose of this paper is to explore the transformational leadership challenges in emergency services systems in Canada. These adaptive complex systems respond to critical mass emergencies, disasters and catastrophes. Design/methodology/approach – This qualitative research study uses grounded theory to examine the phenomenology of emergency services leadership from systems perspective. Using the theoretical Wu-Shi-Ren (WSR)-Li systems paradigm, this key informant study of 103 emergency leaders from 81 organizations focusses on the systemic challenges that transformational leaders face in emergency services systems. The response rate was 83.5 percent using a semi-structured and open-ended questionnaire. Findings – This key informant study underscores the competencies for transformational leadership and identifies 12 key leadership challenges in the context of the future evolution of emergency services systems. From the use of a grounded theory methodology, the new theory of transcendental transformational emergency leadership is posited. Research limitations/implications – Qualitative studies such as this key informant study underscores the relevance of the WSR-Li systems paradigm and grounded theory approach in discerning leadership challenges that are specific if not unique to emergency services systems. Practical implications – This study underscores the theoretical and pragmatic implications of the transformational leadership challenges for leadership paradigms, innovation and inter-sectorial collaborative networks and possible future emergency services research. Social implications – This study stresses the importance of addressing leadership challenges of emergency services systems as instrumental in ultimately saving lives, minimizing injuries and assuring complete health and social recovery from the scourges of emergency events nationally and internationally. Originality/value – Qualitative studies of the perspectives of strategic emergency leadership of systemic emergency services systems has not hitherto been done in Canada nor internationally. This key informant study underscores the relevance of the WSR-Li systems paradigm and grounded theory approach in discerning transformational leadership challenges that are specific if not unique to emergency services systems. Moreover, from the use of a grounded theory approach, a new theory of transcendental transformational emergency leadership emerged.
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Shi, Boyu, Jihyeon Gim, Linze Li, Chongmin Wang, Anh Vu, Jason R. Croy, Michael Thackeray, and Eungje Lee. "Studies of Synthesis Temperature Effects on Cubic Lithated-Spinel to Layered Phase Transformation and Electrochemical Performance of LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 Cathode Materials." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 64 (October 9, 2022): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02642337mtgabs.
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Recently, our group has reported a novel Li-ion battery cathode, ‘LT-LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2’, where LT refers to its relatively low synthesis temperature (400 °C). By collecting high energy X-ray diffraction and high-angle, annular-dark-field (HAADF) scanning-transmission electron microscopy (STEM) data, we confirm that the LT-LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 features a unique partially disordered rock salt structure with predominant lithiated-spinel-like character. The electrochemical data indicates that the Li/LT-LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 cells shows good cycle stability when operate between 2.5-5.0V. The 1st cycle specific discharge capacity was determined to be 225mAh/g. Two distinct voltage plateaus can be identified at approximately at ~4.6 V and ~3.5 V during discharge. The ~1 voltage separation of the plateaus is caused by the octahedral and tetrahedral site energy difference during lithium extraction and insertion.1 The discovery of LT-LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 not only expand the compositional space for the known lithated-spinel family but also provide a practical way to increase the operational capacity of traditional spinels such like LiMn2O4 and LiMn1.5Ni0.5O2.2-5 It is well known that when synthesized at 900°C, LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 features a layered structure.6 The existence of lithated-spinel like LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 at low temperature (400°C) immediately raise another question: How does the synthesis temperature affect the structure and electrochemical performance of LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2? We synthesized a series of different temperature of LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 powders. By collecting high energy X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) data, we confirm that, the LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 exhibits a lithated spinel → disordered layered → ordered layered structure transformation as temperature increase from 400-900 °C. The Rietveld refinements results also reveals a gradual decrease of the Li/Ni exchange ratio accompanied by the synthesis temperature changes. The evolution of specific discharge capacity for different temperature LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2 shows a parabola-like curve behavior with the lowest discharge capacity at 700 °C. This unique behavior is likely to be related to the diffusion channels reconstruction along with the structure changes. 3D diffusion channels are incorporated with 2D diffusion channels at low temperature (400°C) for lithated-spinel LiMn0.5Ni0.5O2. Within the middle temperature range (500°C-700°C), the 3D channels destroy rapidly while 2D diffusion channels are not well established due to the highly disorder ratio resulting in a decrease of capacity. At higher temperature (800-900°C), the 2D diffusion channels are more well established enabling an increase of the capacity. Shi, B.; Gim, J.; Li, L.; Wang, C.; Vu, A.; Croy, J. R.; Thackeray, M. M.; Lee, E., LT-LiMn 0.5 Ni 0.5 O 2: a unique co-free cathode for high energy Li-ion cells. Chemical Communications 2021, 57 (84), 11009-11012. Thackeray, M. M.; Lee, E.; Shi, B.; Croy, J. R., Review–From LiMn2O4 to Partially-Disordered Li2MnNiO4: The Evolution of Lithiated-Spinel Cathodes for Li-Ion Batteries. Journal of The Electrochemical Society 2022, 169 (2), 020535. Gummow, R.; Thackeray, M.; David, W.; Hull, S., Structure and electrochemistry of lithium cobalt oxide synthesised at 400 C. Materials research bulletin 1992, 27 (3), 327-337. Lee, E.; Blauwkamp, J.; Castro, F. C.; Wu, J.; Dravid, V. P.; Yan, P.; Wang, C.; Kim, S.; Wolverton, C.; Benedek, R., Exploring lithium-cobalt-nickel oxide spinel electrodes for≥ 3.5 V Li-ion cells. ACS applied materials & interfaces 2016, 8 (41), 27720-27729. Lee, E.; Kwon, B. J.; Dogan, F.; Ren, Y.; Croy, J. R.; Thackeray, M. M., Lithiated Spinel LiCo1–x Al x O2 as a Stable Zero-Strain Cathode. ACS Applied Energy Materials 2019, 2 (9), 6170-6175. Yang, X.-Q.; McBreen, J.; Yoon, W.-S.; Grey, C. P., Crystal structure changes of LiMn0. 5Ni0. 5O2 cathode materials during charge and discharge studied by synchrotron based in situ XRD. Electrochemistry communications 2002, 4 (8), 649-654
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Drewniak, Łukasz, and Sabina Drewniak. "The influence of the oxidation method on the properties of reduced graphene oxide." Photonics Letters of Poland 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v14i3.1154.
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Derivatives of graphene have become important materials due to their excellent properties. Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are especially interesting because they are produced relatively easily, cheaply and quickly. Among many possible applications, reduced graphene oxide is a good candidate for sensor applications. Its properties can be controlled at the production stage. The precursor used and the method of oxidation have a significant influence on its properties. Therefore, it is worth take a closer look at them. In this paper we analyse the influence of the oxidation method on the size of the reduced graphene stock which determine the sensitivity of the rGO layer. We used AFM microscopy for this purpose. Full Text: PDF ReferencesS.M. Majhi, A. Mirzaei, H.W. Kim, S.S. Kim, "Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)-Loaded Metal-Oxide Nanofiber Gas Sensors: An Overview", Sensors 21, 4 (2021). CrossRef M. Pumera, "Graphene-based nanomaterials for energy storage", Energy Environ. Sci. 4 3 (2011). CrossRef X. Yu, H. Cheng, M. Zhang, Y. Zhao, L. Qu, G. Shi, "Graphene-based smart materials", Nat. Rev. Mater. 2, 9 (2017). CrossRef M.Y. Xia, Y. Xie, C.H. Yu, G.Y. Chen, Y.H. Li, T., Zhang, Q. Peng, "Graphene-based nanomaterials: the promising active agents for antibiotics-independent antibacterial applications", J. Control. Release 10 (2019). CrossRef X. Zhu, Y. Zhou, Y. Guo, H. Ren, C. Gao, "Nitrogen dioxide sensing based on multiple-morphology cuprous oxide mixed structures anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanosheets at room temperature", Nanotechnology 30 45 (2019). CrossRef Z. Wu, Y. Wang, S. Ying, M. Huang, C. Peng, "Fabrication of rGO/Cuprous Oxide Nanocomposites for Gas Sensing", IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 706, 1 (2021). CrossRef S. Pei, H.M. Cheng, "The reduction of graphene oxide", Carbon 50, 9 (2012). CrossRef K. Spilarewicz-Stanek, A. Kisielewska, J. Ginter, K. Bałuszyńska, I. Piwoński, "Elucidation of the function of oxygen moieties on graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in the nucleation and growth of silver nanoparticles", RSC Adv. 6, 65 (2016). CrossRef R. Muzyka, S. Drewniak, T. Pustelny, M. Sajdak, Ł. Drewniak, "Characterization of Graphite Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Obtained from Different Graphite Precursors and Oxidized by Different Methods Using Raman Spectroscopy Statistical Analysis", Materials 14, 4 (2021) CrossRef B. Lesiak, G. Trykowski, J. Tóth, et al. "Chemical and structural properties of reduced graphene oxide—dependence on the reducing agent", J Mater. Sci. 56 (2021). CrossRef .
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Fernández Vidal, Julia, Thomas Galloway, Gary Attard, and Laurence J. Hardwick. "Cation Size Effect on Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Aprotic Electrolytes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 4 (July 7, 2022): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-014577mtgabs.
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The most important cathodic process in alkali metal-air (M-O2) batteries is the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) typically forming superoxide (MO2), and peroxide (M2O2).1 Cation size in aqueous solvents have been demonstrated to affect the ORR activity due to the cation hydration energy.2 However, within aprotic electrolytes, the reaction mechanisms and the activity of ORR with respect to cation size remains undetermined. Traditionally, electrochemistry has been involved in the analysis of the reaction mechanisms of ORR. Nonetheless, this technique by itself is not suitable to identify intermediaries and products of the redox reactions taking place at the electrochemical interface. The combination of cyclic voltammetry with in situ Raman spectroscopy provide the opportunity to study and develop a fundamental understanding of the ORR under potential control, accessing reaction pathways and relating them directly to surface structure.3 In this sense, the breakthrough of Shell-Isolated Nanoparticles for Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SHINERS)4,5 is noteworthy. SHINERS is a non-destructive, powerful technique for surface analysis that has been demonstrated to provide SERS effect even in the absence of intrinsic roughness and without requiring Au, Ag or Cu to be used as working electrodes.3,5 In this work, electrochemical measurements and SHINERS are utilised to study the effect of cation upon electrified interfaces during ORR. Zhang, J., Zhang, X.-G., Dong, J.-C., Radjenovic, P. M., Young, D. J., Yao, J.-L., Yuan, Y.-X., Tian, Z.-Q. & Li, J.-F. Real-Time Monitoring of Surface Effects on the Oxygen Reduction Reaction Mechanism for Aprotic Na–O2 Batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 20049–20054 (2021). Kumeda, T., Tajiri, H., Sakata, O., Hoshi, N. & Nakamura, M. Effect of hydrophobic cations on the oxygen reduction reaction on single‒crystal platinum electrodes. Nat. Commun. 9, 1–7 (2018). Guan, S., Attard, G. A. & Wain, A. J. Observation of Substituent Effects in the Electrochemical Adsorption and Hydrogenation of Alkynes on Pt{hkl} Using SHINERS. ACS Catal. 10, 10999–11010 (2020). Li, J. F., Huang, Y. F., Ding, Y., Yang, Z. L., Li, S. B., Zhou, X. S., Fan, F. R., Zhang, W., Zhou, Z. Y., Wu, D. Y., Ren, B., Wang, Z. L. & Tian, Z. Q. Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Nature 464, 392–395 (2010). Galloway, T. A., Dong, J.-C., Li, J.-F., Attard, G. & Hardwick, L. J. Oxygen reactions on Pt{hkl} in a non-aqueous Na+ electrolyte: site selective stabilisation of a sodium peroxy species. Chem. Sci. 10, 2956–2964 (2019).
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Rutkowska, Katarzyna Agnieszka, and Miłosz Chychłowski. "Methods for polymer-stabilization of molecular orientation in LC-waveguiding structures." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i1.805.
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In this letter we present a new way for constructing and developing LC-based waveguiding structures. Specifically, liquid crystalline material enriched with monomer in the proper proportions is implemented in our approach and a waveguide geometry can be created in the LC cell thanks to the photo-polymerization process allowing for LC molecules to be suspended in desired position and orientation. The latter can be enforced by external fields and UV-irradiation can be performed trough the mask of desired geometry. In this way, regions with different molecular textures (e.g. planar and homeotropic) and thus waveguiding structures can be easily created within LC layer. The main idea of this letter is not only to show a prove-of-concept of the polymer-imposed LC stabilization for such planar optical devices but to discuss differences in methodology of their practical realization. Full Text: PDF ReferencesQ. Li, Liquid crystals beyond displays: chemistry, physics, and applications (John Wiley & Sons, 2012). CrossRef J.P. Lagerwall, G. Scalia, Current App. Phys. 12, 1387 (2012). CrossRef A. Ciferri, Polymer liquid crystals (Elsevier, 2012). DirectLink D. Yang, Fundamentals of liquid crystal devices (John Wiley & Sons, 2014). CrossRef L. Vicari, Optical applications of liquid crystals (CRC press, 2016). DirectLink I. Dierking, Adv Mater 12, 167 (2000). CrossRef K. Rutkowska, M. Chychłowski, M. Kwaśny, I. Ostromęcka, J. Piłka, U. Laudyn, "Light propagation in periodic photonic structures formed by photo-orientation and photo-polymerization of nematic liquid crystals", Opto-Electr. Rev. 25, 118 (2017). CrossRef K A. Rutkowska, M. Chychłowski, U.A. Laudyn, Proc. SPIE 10325, 1032506 (2017). CrossRef B. Turowski, K.A. Rutkowska, Phot. Lett. Poland 9, 82 (2017). CrossRef H. Ren, Y. Lin, S. Wu, Opt. Commun. 261, 296 (2006). CrossRef V. Mucci and C. Vallo, J Appl Polym Sci 123, 418 (2012). CrossRef U.A. Laudyn, M. Kwaśny, K. Jaworowicz, K.A. Rutkowska, M.A. Karpierz, G. Assanto, Phot. Lett. Poland 1, 7 (2009). CrossRef M.S. Chychłowski, S. Ertman, E. Nowinowski-Kruszelnicki, T.R. Woliński, Mol. Cryst. Liquid Cryst. 553, 127 (2012). CrossRef
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REN, YINGDANG, LINLIN YANG, HONGXIA LIU, and HOUHUN LI. "Taxonomic review of the genus Dusungwua Kemal, Kizildağ & Koçak, 2020 (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), with descriptions of six new species and propositions of synonyms." Zootaxa 4894, no. 3 (December 10, 2020): 341–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4894.3.3.
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Eleven species of the genus Dusungwua Kemal, Kizildağ & Koçak 2020 in China are reviewed with emendation of the generic charaters. Among them, six new species, Dusungwua antennalveata Ren & Li, sp. nov., D. basinigra Ren & Li, sp. nov., D. fascecornuta Ren & Li, sp. nov., D. paripalpa Ren & Li, sp. nov., D. similiquadrangula Ren & Li, sp. nov. and D. strictivinculum Ren & Li, sp. nov. are described as new to science. Also, the following taxonomic changes are proposed: Eurhodope pseudodichromella Yamanaka, 1980 syn. nov. is synonymized with D. dichromella (Ragonot, 1893), Trachycera nipponella Yamanaka, 2000 syn. nov., Trachycera vicinella Yamanaka, 2000 syn. nov. and Trachycera yakushimensis Yamanaka, 2000 syn. nov. are synonymized with D. paradichromella (Yamanaka, 1980). The female of D. quadrangula (Du, Sung & Wu, 2005) is described for the first time. Photos of adults as well as male and female genitalia are provided, along with a key to the Chinese species and a distibution map to show the localities of these species.
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Drewniak, Sabina Elżbieta, Roksana Muzyka, and Łukasz Drewniak. "The structure of thermally reduced graphene oxide." Photonics Letters of Poland 12, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v12i2.1021.
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The paper focused on the description of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) structure. This material is obtained from a multistage production process. Each of these stages has a large impact on its structure (the number and type of functional groups, number of defect or the size of the flakes), and this in turn affects its properties. We would like to visualize the reduced graphene oxide, both using a diagram showing the atomic structure, as well as by imaging using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In the paper, the elementary composition of selected elements and data obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique (XPS) will be also presented. Full Text: PDF ReferencesX. Peng, Y. Wu, N. Chen, Z. Zhu, J. Liu, and H. Wang, "Facile and highly efficient preparation of semi-transparent, patterned and large-sized reduced graphene oxide films by electrochemical reduction on indium tin oxide glass surface", Thin Solid Films 692, 137626 (2019). CrossRef L. Guo, Y.-W. Hao, P.-L. Li, J.-F. Song, R.-Z. Yang, X.-Y. Fu, S.-Y. Xie, J. Zhao and Y.-L. Zhang, "Improved NO2 Gas Sensing Properties of Graphene Oxide Reduced by Two-beam-laser Interference", Sci. Rep. 8, 1 (2018). CrossRef Y. S. Milovanov, V.A. Skryshevsky, , O.M. Slobodian, , D.O. Pustovyi, X.Tang, J.-P. Raskin, and A.N. Nazarov, "Influence of Gas Adsorption on the Impedance of Graphene Oxide", 2019 IEEE 39th Int. Conf. Electron. Nanotechnology, ELNANO 2019 - Proc. 8783946, CrossRef M. Reddeppa, B.-G. Park, , M.-D. Kim, K.R. Peta, N.D. Chinh, D. Kim, S.-G. Kim, and G. Murali, "H2, H2S gas sensing properties of rGO/GaN nanorods at room temperature: Effect of UV illumination", Sensors Actuators B. Chem. 264, (2018). CrossRef W. L. Xu, C. Ding, , M.-S. Niu, X.-Y. Yang, F. Zheng, J. Xiao, M. Zheng and X.-T. Hao, "Reduced graphene oxide assisted charge separation and serving as transport pathways in planar perovskite photodetector", Org. Electron. 81, 105663 (2020). CrossRef K. Sarkar, M. Hossain, P. Devi, K. D. M. Rao, and P. Kumar, "Self‐Powered and Broadband Photodetectors with GaN: Layered rGO Hybrid Heterojunction", Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 6, 20 (2019). CrossRef S. Pei and H. M. Cheng, "The reduction of graphene oxide", Carbon, 50, 9 (2012). CrossRef R. Muzyka, S. Drewniak, T. Pustelny, M. Chrubasik, and G. Gryglewicz, "Characterization of Graphite Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Obtained from Different Graphite Precursors and Oxidized by Different Methods Using Raman Spectroscopy", Materials 11, 7 (2018). CrossRef M.-H. Tran and H. K. Jeong, "Influence of the Grain Size of Precursor Graphite on the Synthesis of Graphite Oxide", New Phys. Sae Mulli, 63, 2 (2013). CrossRef M.-H. Tran, C.-S. Yang, S. Yang, I.-J. Kim, and H. K. Jeong, "Influence of graphite size on the synthesis and reduction of graphite oxides", Curr. Appl. Phys., 14, SUPPL. 1 (2014). CrossRef N. Sharma, Y. Jain, , M. Kumari, R. Gupta, S.K. Sharma, K. Sachdev, "Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide (GO) and Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) for Gas Sensing Application", Macromol. Symp. 376, 1 (2017). CrossRef M. Wei, L. Qiao, , H. Zhang, S. Karakalos, K. Ma, Z. Fu, M.T. Swihart, G. Wu, "Engineering reduced graphene oxides with enhanced electrochemical properties through multiple-step reductions", Electrochim. Acta, 258 (2017). CrossRef S. Drewniak, M. Procek, R. Muzyka, T. Pustelny, "Comparison of Gas Sensing Properties of Reduced Graphene Oxide Obtained by Two Different Methods", Sensors, 20, 11 (2020). CrossRef L. Li, R.-D. Lv, S. -C. Liu, Z. D. Chen, J. Wang, Y.-G. Wang, W. Ren, "Using Reduced Graphene Oxide to Generate Q-Switched Pulses in Er-Doped Fiber Laser", Chinese Physics Letters, 35, 11 (2018) CrossRef
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CAO, CHENG-QUAN, JIAN-PING SHI, and ZHAN YIN. "A new species of the genus Chrysacris Zheng, 1983 from China (Orthoptera: Acridoidea, Acrididae)." Zootaxa 4311, no. 3 (August 24, 2017): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4311.3.11.
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The Chrysacris Zheng, 1983 is a median genus in Acrididae, which contains 18 species [Tu & Cheng, 1964; Zheng, 1983; Lian & Zheng, 1987; Li & Chen, 1988; Zheng, 1988; Liu, 1990; Ren et al, 1991; Liang & Jia, 1992; Zheng et al, 1992; Ren et al, 1993; Zhang & Zheng, 1993; Zheng, 1993; Zheng & Shi, 1993; Niu, 1994; Ren et al, 1994; Zheng et al, 1995; Yin et al, 1996; Ren 2001; Ren et al, 2002; Yin et al, 2003; Zheng et al, 2011; Dong et al, 2015; Eades, et al, 2017; Zhang et al, 2017], mainly distributed in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan and Guizhou provinces of China. A new species of the genus Chrysacris is described from Inner Mongolia, China in this paper. Type specimens are deposited in the Natural Museum of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China.
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Waley-Cohen, Joanna. "Commemorating War in Eighteenth-Century China." Modern Asian Studies 30, no. 4 (October 1996): 869–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00016826.
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Reviewing his long reign in 1792, the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1736–1795) hailed his military triumphs as one of its central accomplishments. To underscore the importance he ascribed to these successes, he began to style himself ‘Old Man of the Ten Complete Victories’ (Shi Quan Lao Ren), after an essay in which he boldly declared he had surpassed, in ‘Ten Complete Military Victories’ (Shi Quan Wu Gong), the far-reaching westward expansions of the great Han (206 BCE–220 CE) and Tang (618–907) empires. Such an assertion, together with the program of commemoration discussed below, served to justify the immense expense incurred by frequent long-distance campaigning; to elevate all these wars to an unimpeachable level of splendor even though some were distinctly less glorious than others; and to align the Manchu Qing dynasty (16–191 i) with two of the greatest native dynasties of Chinese history and the Qianlong Emperor personally with some of the great figures of the past.
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Erdil, Tuncay, and Cigdem Toparli. "(Digital Presentation) The New 2H Hexagonal Double Perovskite Ba2CoMnO6 As a Superior OER Catalyst in Alkaline Media." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 34 (July 7, 2022): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01341365mtgabs.
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Climate change has stimulated great interest in developing clean and renewable energy conversion and storage solutions. Emerging technologies for solutions, like unitized regenerative fuel cells, metal-air batteries, and water electrolyzers, depend on the reliable catalyst materials suited for long-term application in alkaline environments[1]. In particular, the demanding reaction in these systems is the oxygen evolution reaction involving complex multielectron/proton transfer processes and thus sluggish kinetic.[2] At present, the state-of-the-art OER catalysts are IrO2 and RuO2. However, the high cost and scarcity of these materials severely prevent the wide-scale application of these systems.[3] Perovskite oxide (e.g., single perovskite expressed as ABO3) electrocatalysts are particularly considered next-generation OER catalysts due to their adjustable physicochemical properties and, as a consequence, their catalytic properties by substitution of ions in the A and B sites.[4] Via doping both at A and B site, double perovskite oxides structure can form (AA′B2O5+δ), which were shown to have stable structure during the OER due to proper O p-band center position relative to the Fermi level. The previous research shows that hexagonal perovskites exhibit enhanced catalytic activity rather than cubic or tetragonal perovskites, which is associated with the face-sharing octahedral unit. [5,6] In this work, we systematically investigate doping of parent La2CoMnO6 with Ba to tune the crystal structure and electronic structure. A series of the double perovskites with the chemical formula of La2-xBaxCoMnO6 (x = 0, 0.5, 1.5, 2) were fabricated via the modified Sol-Gel Pechini method. According to Goldschmidt tolerance factor, it is expected that when Ba amount increases in the A site, the crystal structure changes from cubic to hexagonal, which can contribute to electrocatalytic OER activity based above discussions. Furthermore, it is anticipated that increasing Ba content at the A site should result in higher valence state of transition metals due to stabilizing charge balance of the structure. It is widely reported that presence of higher valence state of transition metals is beneficial for OER. The crystal structure was confirmed by combining powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns. The two-layer hexagonal structure of Ba2CoMnO6 (BCM) was further characterized by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). The results show doping of Ba into parent La2CoMnO6 resulted in the hexagonal phase formation and BCM achieves a current density of 10 mA cm–2 at a low overpotential of 288 mV and has the highest intrinsic activity in the series of BaxLa2-xCoMnO6 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2). Furthermore, BCM exhibits outstanding stability of 12 h in a 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. The electronic structure and surface work function values of the catalysts were examined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS analysis revealed that valence state of Co and Mn increases through Ba amount in the structure, indicating the double perovskite oxide charge balance is maintained. In addition to valence state analysis, we performed work function analysis of the catalysts tested in this work. The result shows work function of the series of BaxLa2-xCoMnO6 (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2) substantially decreases with Ba content. Here, we show that the high intrinsic activity of BCM is not only related with the hexagonal structure and also may be related with exhibiting lower work function value in the series. In addition, our approach presents a new strategy, air quenching method, to synthesize a phase pure 2H-hexagonal double perovskite oxide. [1] Y. Zhou, X. Guan, H. Zhou, K. Ramadoss, S. Adam, H. Liu, S. Lee, H. Shi, M. Tsuchiya, D. Fong and S. Ramanathan, Nature, 534, 231-234 (2016). [2] X. Cui, P. Ren, D. Deng, J. Deng and X. Bao, Energy & Environmental Science, 9, 123-129 (2016). [3] X. Qiu, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhu, C. Long, L. Su, S. Liu and Z. Tang, Advanced Materials, 33, 2001731 (2020). [4] W. Yin, B. Weng, J. Ge, Q. Sun, Z. Li and Y. Yan, Energy & Environmental Science, 12, 442-462 (2019). [5] L. Tang, W. Zhang, D. Lin, Y. Ren, H. Zheng, Q. Luo, L. Wei, H. Liu, J. Chen and K. Tang, Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 7, 4488-4497 (2020). [6] C. Chen, G. King, R. M. Dickerson, P. A. Papin, S. Gupta, W. R. Kellogg and G. Wu, Nano Energy, 13, 423-432 (2015).
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Li shi ren wu"
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Siu, Sai-yau, and 蕭世友. "The relationship between emperors and monks in the northwest region in the Sixteen Kingdoms period : theoretical model and data visualization = Wu Hu shi liu guo shi dai xi bei zheng quan zhi jun zhu yu seng ren guan xi yan jiu : sha lou li lun mo xing ji shi liao shi xiang hua." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206681.
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The Sixteen Kingdoms was a period of political disintegration in medieval China. Foreign rulers of Wu Hu (“Five Barbarian Tribes”) captured the northern China during the 3rd – 5th centuries and established independent states through continuous military actions. This thesis aims at studying the relationship between the emperors and Buddhist monks in the Northwest empires in the Sixteen Kingdoms Period, including the Former Liang (320-376), the Western Qin (385-400; 409-431), the Later Liang (386-403), the Northern Liang (397-439) and the Xia (407-431), by developing a theoretical model called “Hourglass Model”.
The model provides a holistic framework for investigating not only the emperors’ changing attitudes towards Buddhism but also the dissemination of the Dharma by monks. In addition, the concept of “data visualization” is implemented to re-interpret various historical sources. The complex interaction among imperial clans and Buddhist practitioners is further analyzed with computer-aided historical research methods.
This thesis hopes to reveal the inspiring nature of the political religion in China’s early medieval age and expand the scope of Chinese Studies by rethinking about foreign rulers and Buddhist monks’ roles in reshaping and vitalizing the Chinese civilization. Moreover, this study develops alternative approaches to the research on the history of Chinese Buddhism, and attempts to shed new lights on theories and research methodology.published_or_final_version
Chinese
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Yuan, Zushe. "Quan li yu zi you shi min she hui de ren xue kao cha /." Beijing : Zhongguo she hui ke xue chu ban she, 2003. http://books.google.com/books?id=oiY1AAAAMAAJ.
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Meng, Shuhui. "Zhu Xi ji qi men ren de jiao hua li nian yu shi jian /." Tai Bei : Guo li Tai Wan da xue, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39292461m.
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Th. doct.--histoire--Taibei--National Taiwan University = Guo li Tai Wan da xue, 2001.Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Instruction in virtue and its practice by Chu Hsi and his disciples. Bibliogr. p. 441-458.
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Wu, Tsz Wing. "Li Yu gai bian ju yan jiu : jian lun wen ren chuan qi yu shi min wen xue zhi rong he /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202006%20WU.
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Lau, Lawrence Yue Kwong. "Da sheng fo xue "you an" guan de li lun chong jian : cong "wei shi suo xian" kan wang xin xi you xiang wei shi xue dui "wu ming" de li jie /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202005%20LAU.
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Ho, Wai Chung. "Cong "Zuo zhuan" dao "Shi ji" : kan xian Qin zhi Qin Han jian "tian ren guan" liu bian zhi yi li /." View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?HUMA%202004%20HOW.
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Zhou, Bing. "Tian ren zhi ji de li xue xin quan shi : Wang Fuzhi "Du Si shu da quan shuo" si xiang yan jiu /." Chengdu Shi : Sichuan chu ban ji tuan Ba Shu shu she, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/chi0801/2008554788.html.
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Lee, Pak-tsun. "The late Qing revolutionaries' understanding of the American War of Independence Qing mo ge ming pai dui Meiguo du li ge ming de ren shi /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31951399.
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Fan, Ching-Wen, and 范晴雯. "zhang hen shui 《jin fen shi jia 》zhi zhu ti yu ren wu lei xing." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13935874909694827709.
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碩士銘傳大學
應用中國文學系碩士班
98
Zhang Henshui is the end of the Qing-selling novelist, his works are measured at the social background as an inspiration for so many contents reflect the face of war, warlords and the brutal suffering of the people. In addition, Zhang Henshui improved the traditional novels, so that it has integrated the new face of refined and popular tastes, and the decline of period novels, infused inspiring vitality, giving new life to novels. And Zhang Henshui a large number of chapters back works to " Jin Fen Shi Jia " the most outstanding, so this paper to " Jin Fen Shi Jia " as the main object of the survey. This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter "Introduction," Description " Jin Fen Shi Jia" research motivation, and explain to define the scope of study, and describe research methods. Finally, we discuss worthies of research results, and note also requires study. Chapter II, "Zhang Henshui and" Jin Fen Shi Jia "." First, the author''s life story summed up with the writing process. Then explain the " Jin Fen Shi Jia " Writing context-related work. Last discuss charms of " Jin Fen Shi Jia " writing movement, and the popular version. Chapter III, "" Jin Fen Shi Jia "theme" can be divided into the bad habit of wealthy, wealthy daughter of the real life, inconstancy of human relationships, life is change and so on four main themes. Chapter IV, "" Jin Fen Shi Jia "in the main type of portrayal of women", there is his wife type, the type of concubine, Miss types, Kunling type of characterization. Chapter V, "" Jin Fen Shi Jia "in the main male type of characterization," can be divided into the older types, young master type, M Ling type of characterization. Chapter VI, "Conclusions" summarizes the “Jin Fen Shi Jia” of the performance of the theme, explaining that " Jin Fen Shi Jia " in multiple types of characters portray the characteristics of the final paper of the present research prospects and limitations.
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Dolejší, Adriana. "Donghai yuge - písně "ci" čínské básnířky 19. století." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-313327.
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Gu Taiqing (1799-1876) also known as Gu Chun was poetess of Manchu origin, author of shi poems, ci lyrics and the first Chinese novel written by woman. Research of the diploma thesis is based on ci lyrics collection Fisherman`s songs from Eastern Sea and partly on shi poems Collection from the Tower of Celestial Wandering. Gu Taiqing`s poetry, of which some translations are included, is strongly autobiographical and it almost represents chronicle of her life. Poems give opportunity to explore her curriculum vitae, lyrics on the other hand create space for Gu Taiqing`s unique poetry language. Gu Taiqing expresses herself in many ways - as devoted wife, loving mother, faithful friend, art enthusiast, traveller and flower fancier. The main directions of her poetry was poetic interview or exchange with her husband Yihui and poems addressed to her friends - poetesses, members of The Autumn Red poetess circle. Gu Taiqing was inspired by each of the following Song poets: Zhou Bangyan, Jiang Baishi, Li Qingzhao, and their specific influence on Gu Taiqing`s poetry will be shown with examples in the diploma thesis. Gu Taiqing's poetry connects traditional literature with the first diffident exploration of the new territory. Gu Taiqing`s unique poetic expression completes woman chambers poetry and shows the...
Books on the topic "Li shi ren wu"
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Fuzhou Shi she hui ke xue suo, ed. Fuzhou li shi ren wu. [Fuzhou shi: Zhong gong Fuzhou shi wei xuan chuan bu, Fuzhou shi she hui ke xue suo, 1988.
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hua, Chang, and Yue jian hua. Li shi de xing kong. Bei jing: Chang zheng chu ban she, 2009.
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Chui, Kwei-chiang. Li shi, ren wu, shan he. Place of publication not identified: publisher not identified, 2012.
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yu, Wang. Du li shi wu ren sheng. Hu lun bai er: Nei meng gu wen hua chu ban she, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Li shi ren wu"
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"I Escort Wei Ren-shi and His Brother to the Pass." In The Collected Poems of Li He, 230. The Chinese Uniersity Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2n7pds.141.
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Tan, Mingliang, and Changxin Wu. "An Intelligent Service Model of Medical Library for Public Health Emergencies." In Computer Methods in Medicine and Health Care. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220550.
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In the face of public health emergencies, medical libraries provide various types of intelligent knowledge services for relevant users based on the available resources and conditions, and take active actions, which is of great significance for medical libraries to fulfill their original mission and responsibilities with practical actions, expand their business scope and innovate service forms. The intelligent service of medical library for public health emergencies is a typical complex system engineering, which requires the cooperation of staff with different professional knowledge and skills. According to a series of systematic processes, intelligent service uses various types of hardware and software resources to realize intelligent knowledge service and decision support. Based on the WSR system methodology in the field of systems engineering, this paper constructs a medical library’s intelligent service model for public health emergencies. The model is a three-dimensional space structure composed of the physical (Wu in Chinese) dimension (W), the common sense (Shi in Chinese) dimension (S), and the human (Ren in Chinese) dimension (R). The article analyzes and discusses the functions and implementation paths of each dimension in detail.