Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Liants organiques'
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Ben, Romdhane Mohamed Ramzi. "Nouveaux auxiliaires organiques pour le pressage de poudres d'alumines atomisées." Limoges, 2005. http://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/5505a06a-ec3e-49da-8347-8c14e89e78c2/blobholder:0/2005LIMO0016.pdf.
Full textThe forming of advanced ceramics generally requires the use of organic additives, in order to confer to the system desired properties of flow and cohesion. The introduction of different organics in the ceramic suspension often involves interactions not only between the additives and the particles but also between the additives themselves. In the spray-drying process of powders for die pressing, the weak adsorption of the binder in comparison to that of the dispersant generates a heterogeneous distribution of the organic phase in the ceramic green part. The aims of this study is the definition and the synthesis of new polymers, which would carry two functions in order to confer both the role of binder and dispersant. A particular attention is paid in on hand, on the comprehension of the phenomena of interaction between these copolymers and the surface of the alumina powders in aqueous suspension with the study of the adsorption isotherms, the electrokinetic and rheological properties and, in the other hand, on the effect of these interactions on the state of dispersion of the powders. The mechanical properties of green parts pressed using spray dried powders with the synthesized copolymers are evaluated and discussed according to the nature copolymers
Baklouti, Samir. "Pressage de poudres d'alumine atomisées : influence des liants organiques sur l'aptitude au pressage." Limoges, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIMO0005.
Full textBordet, Fleur. "Extraction des liants organiques des céramiques au moyen de fluides dans l'état supercritique." Limoges, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIMO0041.
Full textThis study, supported by ADEME, concerns the extraction of organic compounds from ceramic bodies by supercritical fluids. .
Recouvreur, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude des liants organiques pour ferrites étude de l'alcool polyvinylique dans le ferrite manganèse-zinc /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600681v.
Full textLarreur-Cayol, Steeves. "Attaques des matériaux cimentaires par les acides organiques des effluents agricoles et agro-alimentaires : mécanismes d'altération et performance des liants." Toulouse 3, 2012. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/3258/.
Full textAgricultural and agro-food effluents such as silage juices, slurries and whey are very aggressive media for concrete structures (storage silos, production facilities, etc. ). These effluents, with complex and variable compositions, are responsible for acid attacks on concrete. Effluents contain a wide variety of organic acids (acetic, oxalic, tartaric, citric, etc. ). The objectives of this work were (i) to analyze the degradation mechanisms of cementitious matrices by organic acids and to demonstrate the links between the physic-chemical properties of acids, their salts and their aggressiveness (ii) identify the chemical and mineralogical parameters of the matrices that influence their durability in these environments. The work carried out an experimental phase and a modeling phase using the HYTEC chemistry / transport coupled code. In the laboratory, the cement pastes were immersed in aggressive solutions consisting of acids taken as mixtures or mixtures. In modeling, a database of physical and thermodynamic data relating to organic acids and their salts was created. The work made it possible to demonstrate that the alteration mechanisms are linked to the solubility of the calcium salt of the acids. Experimental and modeling approaches have yielded similar results in terms of relative aggressiveness for different acids
Tachon, Nadine. "Nouveaux types de liants routiers à hautes performances, à teneur en bitume réduite par addition de produits organiques issus des agroressources." Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00002719/01/tachon.pdf.
Full textBitumen and its use in road engineering have been studied to substitute flux oil by biomass byproducts. Adding vegetable oil emulsion stabilized by natrium oleat to hot bitumen enables bituminous binder foam expansion. By optimizing surfactant rate, water to oil ratio and water quantity, we formulated an emulsion allowing formation of bituminous foam and expansion ratio increase. This binder in foaming form, was used at a lower than 120°C temperature to prepare bituminous coatings or to reuse old bituminous coatings. The vegetable oil, part of the binder, should reactivate old bitumen. Some experiments carried out on old bituminous coatings have shown the potential of this new binder. An advanced analytical study with high resolution mass spectrometry have been carried out
Ouedraogo, Kouka Amed Jérémy. "Stabilisation de matériaux de construction durables et écologiques à base de terre crue par des liants organiques et/ou minéraux à faibles impacts environnementaux." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30199.
Full textIn the climate change mitigation context, unfired earth materials are a valuable alternative to cement concrete for reducing the construction sector related CO2 emission. However, this millenary construction material still has to meet current standards on mechanical and water resistance requirements. Hence, most industrial applications and papers on unfired earth stabilization use cement and lime for the stabilization of earth. But (Van Damme et al., 2017) pointed out the fact the high embodied energy of mineral binders and the high amount used for earth stabilization lead to doubt about the environmental friendliness of those solutions given their low improvement of the mechanical strengths. Yet, ancient earthen buildings and vernacular construction techniques in the worldwide showed the stabilization potential of some biopolymers. The so-called organic binders are food industry byproducts, which use for ancient earthen building renovation and vernacular techniques are recently revealed in some studies. Our study aims to propose a stabilization of earth for modern buildings with a good compromise between mechanical and water resistance performance on the one hand, and environmental impact on the other hand. A discussion on the relevance of proposing unfired earth bricks stabilized with cement and hydrated lime as an alternative to hollow concrete blocks led to limit the binder's content to 4% wt. of the dry soil. Preliminary tests on nine biopolymers have identified a few promising organic binders upstream, including ovalbumin (egg white protein), which does not require pre-activation. Thus, this organic binder as well as Portland cement and hydrated lime were used at 0, 2, and 4% to stabilize two soils (B and N) from the Occitanie region with different mineralogical characteristics. The results on compressive strength showed that the curing is necessary to guarantee the effectiveness of the mineral binders. In addition, the increase in manufacturing dry density at least equal to that of unstabilized soils' ones considerably improves the effectiveness of the stabilization. The improvement in dry compressive strength is greater on soil B, which is mainly composed of kaolinite, than on soil N, which is composed of montmorillonite and chlorite. However, on water resistance (wet compressive strength), it is the soil N that is better. Overall the formulations, those with 4% cement and ovalbumin at a manufacturing density equal to that of the soils alone, comply with the minimum resistance criteria both in the dry and wet state given in the French standard (XP P 13-901, 2001) standard. The surprise of this study is that ovalbumin gives much better mechanical performances and better durability (water resistance) than cement and lime for the same contents. In terms of hygrothermal performance, we have observed that the addition of binders reduces the hygroscopic capacities of soils. But they remain good according to the Nordtest criterion up to 4% addition of binder. It's worth mentioning that ovalbumin reduces soil hygroscopy much more than other binders. The thermal conductivity measured on mixtures with densities equal to the density of soils alone does not change. This confirms the observations made in the literature about the correlation between the dry density of materials and their thermal conductivities. Classical mineralogical analysis techniques (XRD, IR spectroscopie, and TGA) were used in order to explain the mechanisms of the stabilizations. But they only highlighted the well-known mechamisms of the stabilization with mineral binders unlike the ones of ovalbumin for which further investigations are still required
Liang, Yingjie. "Co-valorisation de sédiments et de sols fins par apport de liants et de fibres." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00731611.
Full textCABANE, Nicolas. "Sols traités à la chaux et aux liants hydrauliques : Contribution à l'identification et à l'analyse des élèments perturbateurs de la stabilisation." Phd thesis, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010521.
Full textentreprises utilisatrices des sols traités et productrices des agents de traitement se sont associées pour lancer des travaux de recherches destinés à comprendre les causes des défaillances.
Cette étude a tout d'abord établi un modèle de l'enchaînement des mécanismes qui conduisent à une stabilisation des sols :
- la chaux permet la floculation des argiles d'où la formation de grumeaux lors du malaxage. Ce grumeau constitue l'entité caractéristique du sol.
- le ciment forme une coque enrobant les grumeaux. Le compactage permet la coalescence de ces pâtes en formant un réseau continu. Le durcissement du ciment permet l'acquisition des caractéristiques mécaniques.
- l'excès de chaux en milieu basique conduit à la formation d'une seconde génération d'hydrates calciques (C-S-H) par réaction pouzzolanique aux dépens des argiles. Le développement des hydrates permet la rigidification du coeur du grumeau et l'augmentation correspondante des résistances mécaniques sur plusieurs années.
Les perturbations rencontrées lors des chantiers peuvent s'interpréter comme des écarts à ce modèle:
- écarts d'ordre microstructural ; dans les sols micacés, le comportement mécanique de ces matériaux est contrôlé par la présence de paillettes de micas dans la coque et de
fragments aplatis de roche au sein des grumeaux.
- écarts d'ordre physico-chimique ; des composés solubles interfèrent avec les liants :
- le soufre favorise le développement d'ettringite selon des faciès qui dépendent de la spéciation du soufre et de la perméabilité du grumeau.
- les matières organiques ralentissent l'hydratation du ciment et piègent les ions calcium et hydroxyle et sont ainsi responsables des résistances mécaniques insuffisantes
Ayant identifié et analysé les mécanismes des perturbations, nous nous sommes attachés à proposer des essais simples et fiables de caractérisation démontrant rapidement la présence de
ces agents perturbateurs au sein des sols :
- par la caractérisation de la morphologie des particules
- par le retard de début de prise de pâtes pures de ciment gâchées avec des jus extraits de sols pour les matières organiques.
Fantozzi-Merle, Catherine Barna Radu Brauer Christine de. "Etude de matériaux à base de liant hydraulique contenant des polluants organiques modèles propriétés structurales et de transfert /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=fantozzi-merle.
Full textFantozzi-Merle, Catherine. "Etude de matériaux à base de liant hydraulique contenant des polluants organiques modèles : propriétés structurales et de transfert." Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2003ISAL0038/these.pdf.
Full textOur research aims to assess how the incorporation of organic pollutants will affect the physicochemical properties of a cement matrix, and to carry out a long term study of the resulting binders and their leaching behavior. The characterization of the materials includes a structural study using XRD, IR, SEM, porosimetry, a determination of their mechanical performances and a calorimetric investigation into the effects of pollutants on the hydration behavior of the material. The assessment methodology to investigate the long-term release of organic pollutants is based on leaching tests. Some of these have been adapted to take into account the specificity of organics. The objective is to point out relevant physicochemical properties and to propose a pertinent leaching tests to evaluate the Stabilization/Solidification process that is applied to wastes which contain organic pollutants
Le, Coq Xavier. "Étude physico-chimique de matériaux réfractaires de type dolomie-carbone, leur oxydation par les GAZ et leur corrosion par un laitier de désulfuration." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10335.
Full textBrière, Jean-François. "Elaboration d'une enzyme artificielle se liant à des fonctions amines et des fonctions acides dans le but de catalyser la formation de liaisons amides." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES097.
Full textMagniont, Camille. "Contribution à la formulation et à la caractérisation d'un écomatériau de construction à base d'agroressources." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/980/.
Full textThe main aim of this work was to contribute to the development of an innovative building material that complies with legislations and users actual requirements concerning environmental and health impacts as well as thermal or hygroscopic comfort. An original pozzolanic matrix has been formulated while conventional admixtures, reinforcement fibres and aggregates were substituted by renewable raw materials. Hardening mechanisms and long term behaviour of that binder (mix of metakaolin and hydraulic lime) have been explored. The benefits of incorporating two organic admixtures on early age properties and long term behaviour of the pozzolanic binder have been explained by the identification of interaction mechanisms between mineral and organic species. A comparative study has been realised on flexural reinforcement of this matrix by vegetable fibres of flax, hemp and yucca and on the durability of these different composites. Finally, the compatibility of this matrix with vegetable aggregates (hemp chènevotte and sunflower stem pith) has been checked and demonstrated in order to formulate self-supporting insulation ecomaterial
Tachon, Nathalie. "Nouveaux types de liants routiers à hautes performances, à teneur en bitume réduite par addition de produits organiques issus des agroressources." Phd thesis, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/11548/1/tachon.pdf.
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