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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Liberal (The German word)

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Academic literature on the topic 'Liberal (The German word)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Liberal (The German word)"

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Judson, Pieter M. "“Not Another Square Foot!” German Liberalism and the Rhetoric of National Ownership in Nineteenth-Century Austria." Austrian History Yearbook 26 (January 1995): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237800004252.

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Early on involume 3 of his massive political memoirs, German Liberal party leader Ernst von Plener offhandedly introduces the reader to a I new word that had entered Austrian political discourse in the 1880s. The word isNationalbesitzstand, or “national property,” and Plener calls it “ a word taken from our party's rhetoric.” Most historians remember Plener as the quintessential Austrian centralist, a Liberal party leader of the bureaucratic mold whose annoyance with German nationalist agitation was equaled only by his discomfort with the public demands forced on him by constituent politics. And yet in the late 1880s and early 1890s we find the sober Plener increasingly resorting to an aggressively nationalist rhetoric organized around this concept ofNationalbesitzstand, a rhetoric often invoked by the very radical nationalists, populists, and anti-Semites he scorned. In this article I explore the growing use of such rhetoric by Liberals like Plener in the 1880s as a way to suggest some new approaches to understanding the development of German nationalism among nineteenth-century Austrians. In particular I consider how the concept ofNationalbesitzstandmediated a transformation in the rhetoric employed by self-identified Germans in the monarchy to justify their privileged position vis-à-vis other national groups. Where formerly German nationalists had rejected arguments based on empirical data like population or land ownership statistics to legitimize their political claims, in the 1880s and 1890s they began to embrace such arguments.

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Mühlstein, Jan, Lea Muehlstein, and Jonathan Magonet. "The Return of Liberal Judaism to Germany." European Judaism 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ej.2016.490105.

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AbstractThe German Jewish community established after World War Two was shaped by refugees from Eastern Europe, so the congregations they established were Orthodox. However, in 1995 independent Liberal Jewish initiatives started in half a dozen German cities. The story of Beth Shalom in Munich illustrates the stages of such a development beginning with the need for a Sunday school for Jewish families and experiments with monthly Shabbat services. The establishment of a congregation was helped by the support of the European Region of the World Union for Progressive Judaism and ongoing input from visiting rabbis. The twenty years since the founding of the congregation have also seen the creation of the Union of Progressive Jews in Germany, the successful political struggle for a share of the state funding for Jewish communities and the establishment of the first Jewish theological faculty in Germany.

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Hung, Jochen. "The ‘Ullstein Spirit’: The Ullstein Publishing House, the End of the Weimar Republic and the Making of Cold War German Identity, 1925–77." Journal of Contemporary History 53, no. 1 (December 22, 2016): 158–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009416669419.

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This article examines the role of the Ullstein company, a liberal publishing house with Jewish roots and one of Germany’s most important cultural producers, in the disintegration and the subsequent historical interpretation of the Weimar Republic. It reconstructs the company’s history before and after the Second World War and retraces the public debate about Ullstein’s political role to arrive at a more balanced picture of the company’s place in twentieth-century Germany. Ullstein portrayed itself as a pillar of democracy during the Weimar era, but distanced itself from this tradition during the economic and political crisis of the late 1920s and early 1930s. After 1945, Ullstein’s history was distorted by its use as a political token in the Cold War struggle between the two German states over the ‘right’ view of Weimar’s demise. Western media – most prominently the Axel Springer publishing house – interpreted Ullstein as a symbol of a Jewish-German tradition of Western liberal democracy, while the East German press and some commentators in West Germany accused the company of paving the way for the Nazis. Ultimately, Axel Springer succeeded in integrating an overly positive version of Ullstein’s history into West German national identity.

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RYNHOLD, JONATHAN. "The German question in Central and Eastern Europe and the long peace in Europe after 1945: an integrated theoretical explanation." Review of International Studies 37, no. 1 (July 19, 2010): 249–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210510000501.

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AbstractWithin the field of International Relations, theoretically informed explanations of the long peace in Europe since 1945 tend to focus on Western Europe, especially the revolution in Franco-German relations. In contrast, German relations with Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) are ignored, despite the fact that this nexus was a major cause of instability prior to 1945. This article focuses on why the German question in CEE ceased to threaten the stability of Europe after 1945. The article empirically examines the development of the German question in CEE since 1945, which refers here mainly to the Oder-Neisse line and the plight of ethnic Germans expelled from CEE after World War II. It provides a theoretically integrated and chronologically sequenced explanation. First, it argues that Realism primarily explains the successful containment of the German question in CEE between 1945 and the late 1960s. Second, it argues that the Constructivist process of cultural change, which altered German intensions, was primarily responsible for subsequently increasing the depth of peace and stability between Germany and CEE, especially after the Cold War. Finally, it is argued that prior Realist factors and Liberal processes constituted a necessary, though not sufficient, condition for cultural change.

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Luft, David S. "Austrian Intellectual History before the Liberal Era: Grillparzer, Stifter, and Bolzano." Austrian History Yearbook 41 (April 2010): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s006723780999004x.

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In 1960, Robert A. Kann pointed out in A Study in Austrian Intellectual History: From Late Baroque to Romanticism that “[h]istorians of the future will still have to meet the challenging task of writing the comprehensive German-Austrian intellectual history.” The value of the project Kann called for is generally acknowledged, but there is no clear agreement in the field about what a survey of German-Austrian intellectual history should look like. In 2007, I argued in an article for The Austrian History Yearbook that the scope of Austrian intellectual history still needs to be circumscribed and characterized adequately—geographically, linguistically, and comparatively. Rather than concentrating on Vienna or extending the field to the whole of the Habsburg monarchy, including Hungary and Galicia, I proposed that we concentrate our approach to this question on the historic core of the Austrian state: the Austrian and Bohemian Crownlands, a unity from at least 1749 to 1918. This was the region where state-building, centralization, and reform were most coherently pursued in the century after 1749, when the German language was dominant in education and public life. I contrasted this view to the disembodied approach to the German intellectual life of the entire Habsburg monarchy, which relies on conventions that were developed for dynastic and diplomatic history, conventions that also work quite well for economic history or even for cultural history, neither of which is so directly dependent on language. The region I have in mind is the southeastern part of the German Confederation that was included in the Frankfurt Parliament in 1848 but excluded from Bismarck's Germany in 1866. The very existence of this region, let alone its long and rich history since the Middle Ages, often gets lost in political narratives of German nationalism and the Habsburg monarchy (Figure 1).

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Hochstadt, Steve. "Demography and Demographers in Modern Germany: Social Science and Ideology across Political Regimes." Social Science History 40, no. 4 (2016): 657–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2016.26.

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The history of German research and writing about migration has been heavily influenced by politics. The assumptions and methods of successive generations of migration researchers demonstrate the interplay of social science and politics across very different political regimes. Soon after serious research began in the late nineteenth century, migration researchers divided into two camps. Urban statisticians with liberal political ideas used city migration registration data to analyze the circulatory movement of migrants within Germany. Conservative writers used census data to argue that migration was essentially movement from countryside to city, and was politically and morally injurious to the German people. These two sides hardened after World War I, as the conservative side increasingly incorporated racist ideas into their critique of migration. This debate continued even after the Nazis took power in 1933 with the competing publications of Rudolf Heberle and Wilhelm Brepohl. Heberle was forced to leave Germany and Brepohl became the Nazis’ favorite analyst of migration. After 1945, Brepohl retained his standing as a leading migration researcher in the German Federal Republic. The dominance of this conservative interpretation of migration continued into the 1970s. In recent decades, the writings of the liberal statisticians from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries have been rediscovered, and German migration research has shifted again toward a more empirically based understanding of migration.

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Kornberg, Jacques. "Vienna, the 1890s: Jews in the Eyes of Their Defenders. (The Verein zur Abwehr des Antisemitismus)." Central European History 28, no. 2 (June 1995): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938900011638.

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Advocatesfor minority rights make stringent demands upon those they defend. The relationship between the persecuted and their defenders is often a minefield of conflicting agendas, made even worse by patronizing attitudes on the one side and wounded pride on the other. One example is the Verein zur Abwehr des Antisemitismus (The Association for Defense Against Antisemitism), founded in Vienna in 1891 to combat the alarming rise of political antisemitism, unmistakable in the stunning electoral successes of the Christian Social Party led by Karl Lueger. Abwehrverein members came from Austria's elite of education and property (Bildung und Besitz): Liberal politicians, large-scale industrialists and merchants, members of the free professions, and artists. Most members were Austro-German liberals, and Liberal Reichsrat deputies sat on its board. Its founder and president was Baron Arthur Gunduccar von Suttner (1850–1902), a writer, and husband of Bertha von Suttner, recipient of the Noble Peace Prize in 1905. My intention is to explore the attitude of the Abwehrverein to Jewry, and to raise the question of whether it served Jewish interests well. But before that, a word or two must be said about the association.

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Münz, Rainer, and Ralf Ulrich. "Immigration and Citizenship in Germany." German Politics and Society 17, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/104503099782486761.

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In Germany, as in many other European democracies, immigrationand citizenship are contested and contentious issues. In the Germancase it was both the magnitude of postwar and recent immigration aswell as its interference with questions of identity that created politicaland social conflict. As a result of World War II, the coexistenceof two German states, and the persistence of ethnic German minoritiesin central and eastern Europe, (West) Germany’s migration andnaturalization policy was inclusive toward expellees, GDR citizens,and co-ethnics. At the same time, the Federal Republic of Germany,despite the recruitment of several million foreign labor migrantsand—until 1992—a relatively liberal asylum practice, did not developsimilar mechanisms and policies of absorption and integration of itslegal foreign residents.

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Fitzpatrick, Matthew P. "Colonialism, Postcolonialism, and Decolonization." Central European History 51, no. 1 (March 2018): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938918000092.

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In the past two decades, colonial studies, the postcolonial turn, the new imperial history, as well as world and global history have made serious strides toward revising key elements of German history. Instead of insisting that German modernity was a fundamentally unique, insular affair that incubated authoritarian social tendencies, scholars working in these fields have done much to reinsert Germany into the broader logic of nineteenth-century global history, in which the thalassocratic empires of Europe pursued the project of globalizing their economies, populations, and politics. During this period, settler colonies, including German South West Africa, were established and consolidated by European states at the expense of displaced, helotized, or murdered indigenous populations. Complementing these settler colonies were mercantile entrepôts and plantation colonies, which sprouted up as part of a systematic, global attempt to reorient non-European economies, work patterns, and epistemological frameworks along European lines. Although more modestly than some of its European collaborators and competitors, Germany joined Britain, France, the Netherlands, and the United States in a largely liberal project of global maritime imperialism.

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Ashkenazi, Ofer. "Prisoners’ fantasies in Weimar film." Journal of European Studies 39, no. 3 (September 2009): 290–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0047244109106683.

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Prison cells constituted a unique sphere in post-World War I German films. Unlike most of the modern city spheres, it was a realm in which the private and the public often merged, and in which reality and fantasy incessantly intertwined. This article analyses the ways in which filmmakers of the Weimar Republic envisaged the experience within the prison, focusing on its frequent association with fantasies and hallucinations. Through the analysis of often-neglected films from the period, I argue that this portrayal of the prison enabled Weimar filmmakers to engage in public criticism against the conservative, inefficient and prejudiced institutions of law and order in Germany. Since German laws forbade direct defamation of these institutions, filmmakers such as Joe May, Wilhelm Dietherle and Georg C. Klaren employed the symbolism of the prisoner’s fantasy to propagate the urgent need for thorough reform. Thus this article suggests that Weimar cinema, contrary to common notions, was not dominated by either escapism or extremist, anti-liberal worldviews. Instead, the prison films examined in this article are in fact structured as a warning against the decline of liberal bourgeois society in the German urban centres of the late 1920s.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Liberal (The German word)"

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Jeep, John M. "Alliterating word-pairs in old high german /." Bochum : N. Brockmeyer, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375299457.

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Heister, Julian, and Reinhold Kliegl. "Comparing word frequencies from different German text corpora." Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/6234/.

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Inhalt: Introduction Developments in creating corpora dlexDB, subtitles, and tabloid newspapers Rating corpus emotionality Current study Method Materials Corpora Results Type-token ratio Validity: Effects of task difficulty Emotionality of a corpus Validity: Effects of emotionality Discussion Outlook References

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Knoll, Sonja. "Word order within infinitival complements in Swiss-German." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61299.

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This thesis studies word order variations in Swiss-German sentences that contain infinitival complements. Such sentences exhibit interesting word order. Verbs can be in different orders and the objects selected by these verbs can be in different positions relative to them. The aim of this thesis is to give a general account of these word order facts based solely on structural properties of the complements in the underlying structure. In particular, it is claimed that Swiss-German verbs that take infinitival complements do not all select the same type of complements. Some verbs (like modals, perception verbs and causatives) select VPs, others (like raising verbs) select IPs and others (like control verbs) select IPs or CPs. Mechanisms such as extraposition, verb raising and proliticization then apply to different structures in order for the sentence to satisfy T-linking. Extraposition applies to IPs and CPs, verb raising to IPs and VPs and procliticization to verbs that are sister to VPs.

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Winchatz, Michaela R. "Social meanings in talk : an ethnographic analysis of the German pronouns Du and Sie /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8256.

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Schulzek, Daniel [Verfasser]. "A Frame Approach to German Nominal Word Formation / Daniel Schulzek." Düsseldorf : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1201159261/34.

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Schröter, Pauline [Verfasser]. "The Development of Visual Word Recognition in German Bilinguals / Pauline Schröter." Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1115722468/34.

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Sharples, Caroline Louise. "A liberal turn? : war crimes trials and West German public opinion in the 1960s." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438042.

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Solin, Doreen (Doreen Frances). "Germanic verb order : the case for INFL-second." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60097.

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Within the framework of Government-Binding Theory, this thesis argues that the Germanic languages, including German and related languages, should be analyzed as having INFL-second underlying work order. Contrary to traditional generative treatments of the so-called "verb-second" (V2) phenomenon, it is claimed here, in light of certain subtle asymmetries, that the final target site of the moved verb is INFL (I$ sp0)$ in sentences with pre-verbal subjects and COMP (C$ sp0)$ in those with pre-verbal non-subjects.
It is further maintained that an analysis, as modified and extended in the thesis, in which verb movement is triggered by the Empty Category Principle (ECP) is superior, on both conceptual and empirical grounds, to other theories advanced by generativists to date. A wide variety of clause types in the modern Germanic languages, including in particular German V2 complements and Icelandic infinitival complements, are examined, the final chapter being devoted to a proposal concerning German "parentheticals".

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Mealing, Cathy. "German noun compounds and their role in text cohesion." Thesis, McGill University, 1988. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=64084.

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Eisenhuth, Heike [Verfasser]. "Production and Perception of Word Boundary Markers in German Speech / Heike Eisenhuth." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1105384853/34.

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Books on the topic "Liberal (The German word)"

1

Mathematics for the liberal arts. Boca Raton: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Gardiner, Duncan B. Jacob Mueller: German revolutionary, American liberal. Cleveland, Ohio: Duncan B. Gardiner, 2005.

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At war with the word: Literary theory and liberal education. Wilmington, Del: ISI Books, 1999.

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Laurence, Louden Mark, Martin Howard, Salmons Joe 1956-, and Philipps-Universität Marburg. Forschungsinstitut für Deutsche Sprache "Deutscher Sprachatlas.", eds. A word atlas of Pennsylvania German. Madison, Wis: Max Kade Institute for German-American Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2001.

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Krneta, Guy. Umkehrti Täler: Spoken word. Muri bei Bern: Cosmos Verlag, 2011.

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6

Bernhardt, Karl A. The word order of Old High German. Lewiston: E. Mellen Press, 1997.

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Uszkoreit, Hans. Word order and constituent structure in German. Menlo Park, CA: Centre for the Study of Language and Information, 1987.

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Uszkoreit, Hans. Word order and constituent structure in German. Stanford, CA: Center for the Study of Language and Information, 1987.

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9

Jeep, John M. Alliterating word-pairs in Old High German. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 1995.

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10

Hall, Clifton D. Head-word and rhyme-word concordances to Des Minnesangs Frühling: A complete reference work. Niwot, CO: University Press of Colorado, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Liberal (The German word)"

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Hasse, Rolf. "The German Concept of Market Economy: Social Market Economy. Its Roots and Its Contribution to Liberal Economic Orders in Germany, Europe and Beyond." In Democracy and an Open-Economy World Order, 93–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52168-8_7.

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Fehringer, Carol. "Word order." In German Grammar in Context, 181–91. Third edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Languages in context: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429197475-26.

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Fehringer, Carol. "Word formation." In German Grammar in Context, 192–201. Third edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Languages in context: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429197475-27.

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Künzl-Snodgrass, Annemarie, and Silke Mentchen. "Word order." In Speed Up Your German, 70–97. New York: Routledge, 2017. | Series: Speed up your language skills: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315736778-5.

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Durrell, Martin. "Word formation." In Hammer’s German Grammar and Usage, 528–52. 7th ed. Seventh edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge reference grammars: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429054556-20.

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Durrell, Martin. "Word order." In Hammer’s German Grammar and Usage, 498–527. 7th ed. Seventh edition. | Abingdon, Oxon; New York: Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge reference grammars: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429054556-19.

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Gaeta, Livio. "On decategorization and its relevance in German." In Word Classes, 227–42. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.332.12gae.

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Hauenschild, Christa. "GPSG and German Word Order." In Natural Language Parsing and Linguistic Theories, 411–31. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1337-0_14.

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Lüdeling, Anke, Tanja Schmid, and Sawwas Kiokpasoglou. "Neoclassical word formation in German." In Yearbook of Morphology, 253–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3726-5_10.

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Fanselow, Gisbert. "What is a Possible Complex Word?" In Studies in German Grammar, edited by Jindrich Toman, 289–318. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110882711-011.

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Conference papers on the topic "Liberal (The German word)"

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Ostovar, R., T. Claus, M. Hartrumpf, M. Erb, M. Zytowski, F. Schröter, M. Laux, and M. Albes. "MitraClip Implantation: A Word of Caution Regarding an All Too Liberal Indication and Delayed Referral to Surgery in Case of Failure." In 48th Annual Meeting German Society for Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678769.

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Gerdes, Kim, and Sylvain Kahane. "Word order in German." In the 39th Annual Meeting. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1073012.1073041.

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Franz, Isabelle, Markus Bader, Frank Domahs, and Gerrit Kentner. "Influences of rhythm on word order in German." In 10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2020-79.

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Takhtarova, Svetlana. "Communicative Style Of German-Speaking Switzerland." In X International Conference “Word, Utterance, Text: Cognitive, Pragmatic and Cultural Aspects”. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.08.162.

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Yu, Jenny, Robert Mailhammer, and Anne Cutler. "Vocabulary structure affects word recognition: Evidence from German listeners." In 10th International Conference on Speech Prosody 2020. ISCA: ISCA, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/speechprosody.2020-97.

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Wolska, M., and S. Wilske. "German subordinate clause word order in dialogue-based CALL." In 2010 International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology (IMCSIT 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/imcsit.2010.5679620.

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Schlechtweg, Dominik, Stefanie Eckmann, Enrico Santus, Sabine Schulte im Walde, and Daniel Hole. "German in Flux: Detecting Metaphoric Change via Word Entropy." In Proceedings of the 21st Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning (CoNLL 2017). Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/k17-1036.

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Weller-Di Marco, Marion, and Alexander Fraser. "Modeling Word Formation in English–German Neural Machine Translation." In Proceedings of the 58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2020.acl-main.389.

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De Podestá, Nathan Tejada, and Silvia Maria Pires Cabrera Berg. "New University: liberal education and arts in Brazil." In Fifth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head19.2019.9514.

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This paper is part of an ongoing research on the issue of music education in Brazilian universities. It aims to identify educational models that structure pedagogical practice at this level of studies. It distinguishes the types of professional and human education promoted in each one of the presented models (French, German and American) as well as liberal education, identified as a global trend. Relating the current socio-cultural political and economic context with education with the support of Godwin (2015), Berg (2012) and Jansen (1999) we argue that liberal education provides a structure can favor the development of competences and skills demanded on the current conjuncture. In this frame, we will analyze, with the help of Paula (2008) and Santos & Filho (2008), the historical dynamics of Brazilian higher education and show how liberal education and post-colonial philosophy is restructuring Brazilian universities. This “new university” allows the implementation of a multicultural, multi-epistemic pedagogy that overcome fragmentary disciplinary views and renders feasible the proposition of new ways of conceiving training, studying, teaching and research in music and arts.

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Schneider, Katrin, and Bernd Möbius. "Word stress correlates in spontaneous child-directed speech in German." In Interspeech 2007. ISCA: ISCA, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2007-24.

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Reports on the topic "Liberal (The German word)"

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Antwine, Clyde. Mystik und Pietismus in der deutschen Sprache, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Wortes "Gelassenheit" (Mysticism and Pietism in the German Language with Special Emphasis upon the Word "Gelassenheit"). Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2583.

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