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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Liberalization of economy

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Academic literature on the topic 'Liberalization of economy'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Liberalization of economy"

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Kalinowski, Thomas, and Hyekyung Cho. "The Political Economy of Financial Liberalization in South Korea: State, Big Business, and Foreign Investors." Asian Survey 49, no. 2 (2009): 221–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2009.49.2.221.

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This paper studies the political economy of financial liberalization in Korea. We highlight the primary importance of state intervention in promoting financial liberalization. We shed light on "power games" of state, big business, and foreign investors emerging in state-led financial liberalization, and their impact on the Korean economy.

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Low, Linda. "The political economy of trade liberalization." Asia-Pacific Development Journal 11, no. 1 (2005): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/6d9aae1d-en.

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Mitra, Arup. "Trade Liberalization and India's Informal Economy." Economic Systems Research 20, no. 4 (2008): 433–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09535310802551505.

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Lal, Deepak. "The Political Economy of Economic Liberalization." World Bank Economic Review 1, no. 2 (1987): 273–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wber/1.2.273.

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M., Thippeswamy. "EFFECTS OF LIBERALIZATION ON INDIAN ECONOMY." Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 6, S2 (2019): 16–24. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3228264.

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<em>        We have seen landmark shift in Indian Economy since the adoption of new economic policy in 1991. This had far reaching impacts on all spheres of life in India. There can be no concrete conclusions about their impact on Indian people. This turns out to be more of an ideological debate like capitalism vs Socialism. But there is no doubt in the fact that those reforms were unavoidable and very compelling. When a nation becomes liberalized, the economic effects can be profound for the country and for investors. Economic liberalization refers to a country "opening up" to the rest of world with regards to trade, regulations, taxation and other areas that generally affect business in the country. As a general rule, you can determine to what degree a country is liberalized economically by how easy it is to invest and do business in the country. All developed (first world) countries have already gone through this liberalization process, so the focus in this article is more on the developing and </em><em>emerging countries</em><em>. In developing countries, economic liberalization refers more to liberalization or further "opening up" of their respective economies to foreign capital and investments. Three of the fastest growing developing economies today; Brazil, China, and India, have achieved rapid economic growth in the past several years or decades, in part, from having "liberalized" their economies to foreign capital.  Many countries nowadays, particularly those in the third world, arguably have no choice but to also "liberalize" their economies in order to remain competitive in attracting and retaining both their domestic and foreign investments. This is referred to as the TINA factor, standing for "there is no alternative".</em>

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Majumder, Shapan Chandra, and Md Masud Rana. "Trade Liberalization and Its Effects on the Economic Growth of Bangladesh: An Empirical Analysis." American Journal of Trade and Policy 3, no. 2 (2016): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v3i2.402.

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The objective of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of the trade policy on Bangladesh economy between the periods 1990 to 2010. This research analyzes the achievements of the economy regarding the important variables such as growth of GDP, export, import, exchange rate, terms of trade, and foreign reserve after the trade liberalization in 1990s. The study demonstrates that the inward policy of the trade liberalization reduces the import while the forward policy increases the employment, production, and export. Finally, liberalization policy improves overall economic indicators as GDP per capita, FDI, and remittances have been growing up since pre-liberalization. The study shows that both export and import have increased noticeably since liberalization, with import rising faster than export in the period immediately after liberalization.

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Mukherjee, Arpita, and Tanu M. Goyal. "The political economy of retail liberalization: The case of India." Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 05, no. 01 (2014): 1440005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993314400055.

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This paper examines the political complexities of retail liberalization in a developing country such as India in the overall context of liberalization of trade in services. Drawing on the experiences of other developing countries and India's experiences in the past decade of allowing FDI in retail, the paper found that retail modernization is a part of economic development and it will continue to happen. The governments of developing countries have to take into account multiple perceptions related to retail liberalization and design a policy that is non-discriminatory and transparent. Appropriate policies should be in place to support the traditional retailers to face competition. Developing countries should be willing to bind their unilateral liberalization in trade agreements and this will enhance their bargaining power.

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Pond, Amy. "Financial Liberalization: Stable Autocracies and Constrained Democracies." Comparative Political Studies 51, no. 1 (2017): 105–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414017695333.

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Why do autocratic rulers liberalize financial markets? This article shows how autocrats use financial liberalization for two distinct purposes. First, autocrats may use liberalization to bolster the economy, making revolution less attractive to the political opposition and stabilizing the autocracy. Second, when stabilization of the autocracy is too costly, autocrats may use liberalization to make assets more mobile. Mobility provides elite asset owners with external investment options, which limit redistribution. When redistribution is the main fear associated with democratization, the mobility associated with liberalization makes direct control of political institutions through dictatorship unnecessary. Thus, autocrats use liberalization to stimulate the economy and stabilize their rule or to reduce redistribution in anticipation of democratization. Suharto’s policies in Indonesia and Pinochet’s policies in Chile illustrate these two objectives of financial liberalization.

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Aremo, Aremo. "Trade liberalization, Economic Growth and Poverty Level in Nigeria: Vector Auto-regression (VAR) Approach (1980-2009)." Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies 6, no. 7 (2014): 591–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v6i7.520.

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The paper examines the nexus among trade liberalization, economic growth and poverty level in Nigeria between 1980 and 2009 within the context of multivariate Vector Auto regression (VAR) with a view to establishing the links that exist among the three variables. The data series were also subjected to unit root and co integration tests to examine the properties of the data. The findings that emerged from the analyses showed that the interactions among trade liberalization, economic growth and poverty level suggest that economic growth had a positive impact on trade liberalization in Nigeria within the study period. Also, the interactions among trade liberalization, economic growth and poverty level were weak making the effect of trade liberalization on poverty to be low. This probability portrays the presence of some structural rigidity in the economy capable of preventing the impact of trade liberalization from being fully felt on poverty, particularly through economic growth channel. This suggests the presence of some institutional factors that create inherent problems in the economy that could largely frustrate any valid and sincere trade policies formulated by the government. It is therefore recommended that policy makers should be mindful of the fact that the Nigerian economy is structurally vulnerable; such that for any policy to succeed, the peculiar characteristics of the economy must be factored into the plan and rigorously evaluated for good policy effects.

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Kharel, Khom Raj, Yadav Mani Upadhyay, and Dipak Bahadur Adhikari. "Trade Liberalization in Nepal: Analysis of Its Impact." Butwal Campus Journal 4, no. 1-2 (2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bcj.v4i1-2.44983.

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The objective of this study is to examine the impact of trade liberalization on Nepalese economy over the period 1990-2018. As per studies, trade liberalization increases the areas and size of foreign trade. Nepal has introduced the economic and trade liberalization policy in mid-1980s and started to liberalize its trade and investment after 1990s. After the adoption of economic liberalization, the flow of foreign trade, economic growth of Nepal has been significantly increasing. The impact of trade liberalization on economy is measured in terms of economic growth, trade tax, industrial GDP and ratio of trade tax to total size of trade of Nepal by applying simple and multiple regression models. In Simple regression model, four equations show a positive correlation between INGDP and import, export, total trade, EOI inflation rate.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Liberalization of economy"

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Hong, Chang. "Trade liberalization and the Chinese economy." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2006. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?3230637.

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Choung, Jinhee Lee. "The political economy of labor market liberalization." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3378520.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.<br>Title from first page of PDF file (viewed October 22, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 161-170).

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Yu, Jung-Min. "Political economy of power liberalization and power transformation." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 270 p, 2010. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1997524051&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Delaware, 2009.<br>Principal faculty advisors: Young-Doo Wang, School of Urban Affairs & Public Policy; and John Byrne, Center for Energy and Environmental Policy. Includes bibliographical references.

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Portocarrero, G. "The failure of national economic policy and the liberalization of the Peruvian economy." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354480.

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Bittencourt, Mauricio Vaz Lobo. "The impacts of trade liberalization and macroeconomic instability on the Brazilian economy." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1101328593.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 262 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes bibliographical references (p. 246-262).

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Sutalan, Zeynep. "Globalization And The Political Economy Of Reform In Jordan (1989-2001)." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608055/index.pdf.

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Economic reform packages became important for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) by the 1980s. Mainly as a result of the growing external debt, together with the regional stagnation that began after the second oil shock in the early 1980s, most of the MENA countries were affected by economic crisis. As a response to the economic crises, which also mostly resulted in regime legitimacy crises, many MENA countries initiated economic liberalization programs in cooperation with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank. In some of the Middle Eastern states, these economic liberalization processes were followed or accompanied by political liberalization policies. This thesis analyzes the political economy of reform in Jordan between 1989-2002 with reference to globalization. This thesis chooses Jordan as a case study since Jordan has been regarded as a successful case in implementing economic reforms envisaged in the Washington Consensus by the IMF and World Bank, and a country holding prospects for democracy. In this respect, this study seeks to find out why and how economic liberalization reforms were implemented in Jordan. In addition to that, this thesis displays how domestic and external factors affected both the rationale behind and the implementation of economic and political reforms in the country. The basic conclusion of this thesis is that regime survival is the main concern for the economic and political liberalization processes in Jordan.

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Taha, Hebatalla. "The political economy of Palestinians in Israel : encounters with development and neo-liberalization." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e358271-4c4e-436a-9ba2-84d8d07603e9.

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The framework of 'economic development' has transformed the political economy of the Palestinians of 1948 (also known as Palestinian citizens of Israel). The discourse of development became increasingly assertive in the 2000s, and it has since redefined the way the Israeli government, private sector and an array of third sector organizations engage the Palestinian population. This dissertation analyzes the ways in which Palestinian citizens encounter economic transformations in Israel to provide a critique of the policy and discourse of development, its alignment with neo-liberalization, and the way it fulfils the goals of Zionism. It focuses on transformations in four sectors or spheres: (i) changes in consumption habits, seen as a path to modernity, (ii) efforts to de-segregate labor markets, (iii) 'new' industrial patterns under domestic outsourcing, and (iv) contestations among a neo-liberalizing faction of the Palestinian upper class that has embraced development. Despite the rapid transformations that have taken place, the case studies demonstrate that the technology of development continues to build on essentialist relations and separatist dynamics, and it keeps Palestinians enframed as inferior, marked as cheaper 'Arab labor.' The continued reproduction of these categories, however, is not merely a reflection of inaction; it can be seen as an expression of a particular stage of neo-liberalization. It is part of a larger attempt to de-politicize the status of Palestinian citizens in Israel, using economic methods as a way to disempower political consciousness. However, de-politicization is not necessarily successful, as the case studies reveal that Palestinian encounters with development have resulted in highly politicized encounters. Relying on ethnographic methodology, this dissertation focuses extensively on these subjective and affective encounters to analyze the 'making' of the economy, a discursive sphere and a site of political performance. The analysis represents an attempt to 're-claim' the economic sphere and politicize the analysis of development.

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Ganeshamoorthy, Murugesu. "The political economy of trade liberalization in developing countries : the Sri Lanka case /." Saarbrücken : Verl. für Entwicklungspolitik Saarbrücken, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39037302f.

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Serra, Daniel J. "Trade Liberalization in Mexico: An Analysis of the Anti-Export Bias." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/960.

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Modern trade theory suggests that protectionist policies hinder exports by altering domestic prices and production incentives. This paper examines the effect of import tariffs on Mexican non-oil exports through a comprehensive analysis of the Mexican trade sector, including a breakdown of the most important free trade agreements for the Mexican economy, information on Mexican resource mobility and factor endowment, and analysis on Mexico’s tariff structure. The paper finds that import tariffs on both intermediate and final goods have a direct and significant effect on exports, alluding to the existence of an anti-export bias, and argues that free trade is the most effective way to promote exports and allow for domestic price readjustment.

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Greene, Malory. "The political economy of trade liberalization in Mexico : the de la Madrid administration, 1982-1988." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1994. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1336/.

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This thesis examines the political economy of Mexican trade policy in the administration of Miguel de la Madrid (1982-1988). The central question focuses on the reasons for and the conditions under which Mexico decided to liberalize its trade regime in the early 1980s. The study contends that Mexico implemented trade policy reforms because of a combination of five international and domestic factors. The first variable - the 1982 economic crisis - proves to be the catalyst for policy reform. Without this external shock, the Mexican policymakers might not have taken the decision to change so fundamentally the post-Second World War development strategy. The second determinant examines the international, especially US, pressures for economic policy change. It is argued that these pressures reinforced and helped speed up a liberalization process that the Mexican government itself had already initiated. The third factor explores the global resurgence of neoliberalism and the transmission of ideas. It is maintained that neoliberal ideas were carried from the international to the domestic arena through international education and institutions via an epistemic community. This paradigm shift globally proved to be a legitimizing factor for Mexican policymakers. The fourth variable is the institutional arrangements of the Mexican state. This factor conferred the Mexican decision makers with a certain degree of autonomy in the policymaking process, making the individual policymakers themselves important. Finally, the fifth factor examines the key policymakers and their perceptions, values and experiences. These policymakers were predisposed toward economic liberalization through a change in their professional and educational socialization experiences. All of the five variables are mutually dependent and reinforcing factors that best explain why Mexico liberalized its trade regime in the 1980s.

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Books on the topic "Liberalization of economy"

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F, Nas Tevfik, and Odekon Mehmet, eds. Liberalization and the Turkish economy. Greenwood Press, 1988.

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Fill, Anna. The Political Economy of De-liberalization. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01066-9.

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Togan, S., and V. N. Balasubramanyam, eds. The Economy of Turkey since Liberalization. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24464-5.

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Sübidey, Togan, and Balasubramanyam V. N. 1937-, eds. The economy of Turkey since liberalization. Macmillan, 1996.

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Sübidey, Togan, and Balasubramanyam V. N, eds. The economy of Turkey since liberalization. Macmillan Press, 1996.

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Kresl, Peter Karl. The urban economy and regional trade liberalization. Praeger, 1992.

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Sinha, Barbara Harriss White and Anushree. Trade Liberalization and India s Informal Economy. Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Sinha, Anushree. Trade Liberalization and India s Informal Economy. Oxford University Press, 2007.

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Kumar, Sharat. Mixed economy and liberalization: A study of Bihar. Chanakya Publications, 1992.

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Massey, Patrick. New Zealand: Market liberalization in a developed economy. St. Martin's Press, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Liberalization of economy"

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Morrissey, Oliver. "Political Economy Dimensions of Economic Policy Reform." In Evaluating Economic Liberalization. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14307-8_4.

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Jansen, Karel. "Vietnam: An Economy in Transition or In Between?" In Evaluating Economic Liberalization. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-14307-8_9.

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Curwen, Peter. "Ethics, Privatization and Liberalization." In Studies in Economy Ethics and Philosophy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60151-4_8.

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Hillman, Arye. "Trade Liberalization and Globalization." In Readings in Public Choice and Constitutional Political Economy. Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-75870-1_27.

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Lai, Hongyi. "Selective and Showcase Liberalization." In Reform and the Non-State Economy in China. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780312376161_5.

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Fill, Anna. "The Politics of De-liberalization." In The Political Economy of De-liberalization. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01066-9_2.

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McDowell, Stephen D. "India’s Political Economy in a Global Context." In Globalization, Liberalization and Policy Change. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230374638_4.

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Kärrylä, Ilkka. "From Democratization to Liberalization." In Democracy and the Economy in Finland and Sweden since 1960. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80631-6_7.

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FitzGerald, E. V. K. "Introduction: Liberalization Investment and Global Markets." In Global Markets and the Developing Economy. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230502369_1.

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Fill, Anna. "Austria: De-liberalization for the Voter." In The Political Economy of De-liberalization. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01066-9_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Liberalization of economy"

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Cvečić, Igor, Marko Tomljanović, and Vedrana Svilić. "TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS OF THE EU ECONOMY." In 2nd International Scientific Conference. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/itema.2018.254.

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Doğan, Harun. "A Test of the McKinnon’s Complementarity Hypothesis between Money and Physical Capital in the Case of Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c02.00330.

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The main purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the validity of McKinnon’s complementarity hypothesis on economic growth of Kyrgyzstan for the period of 1996–2009. McKinnon’s (1973) central thesis argues poorly functioning financial systems in developing countries may effect investment quality and growth rate of the economy in negative direction. McKinnon’s (1973) complementary hypothesis predicts that money and investment are complementary, to the contrast neoclassical and Keynesian theory, due to a self-financed investment in developing economies. In other words, according to McKinnon, financial liberalization should generate positive impacts on growth as consequence of positive relation between money and physical capital in developing countries after financial liberalization. The empirical researches conducted on complementarity hypothesis have found mixed results on the link between money and physical capital. However, empirical analysis of Kyrgyzstan’s economy is very important because of its peculiarities, it has both a trancition and developing economy, which in case of the McKinnon’s complementarity hypothesis is very essential. Thus, Kyrgyzstan, as many developing countries, have undertaken financial liberalization programs during the past twenty years after collapse of Soviet Union. Therefore, the study analyzes long run and short run association among the real rate of interest on deposits, private investments, economic growth, and domestic savings behavior in Kyrgyzstan, using annual time series data for 1996-2009 with techniques of ARDL Cointegration Error Correction Model. The results does not support the McKinnon’s complementarity hypothesis between money and physical capital on the period for 1996-2009 in the Kyrgyzstan’s Economy.

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Popp, Ruxandra-Madalina, Stelian Grasu, and Mihail Busu. "THE LIBERALIZATION PROCESS OF THE ENERGY SECTOR OF ROMANIA." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/5.1/s21.66.

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The energy sector is particularly important in the Romanian economy, both in terms of its size and in terms of the impact of developments in this sector on other branches of the economy. Developments in the energy sector, particularly in the electricity sector, also have social implications. As a result, the energy regulation institutions have been heavily involved in this area, using all the instruments at its disposal, both from a competition and a state aid perspective: investigation of possible infringements of competition law, sector inquiries, regulatory clearance, merger analysis, recurrent monitoring of the sector etc. This chapter focuses on the stages of the liberalisation process, which started in 2007 for the electricity sector. The effects associated with the liberalisation process are also presented, in particular in terms of the structural changes that have occurred. As regards the price developments observed in the energy sector, they should be seen in the context of regional developments, the recent increase in electricity prices being a European phenomenon, partly justified by the recovery of the economy after the pandemic, the level of stocks, but also by the European policy of increasing the pollution penalty.

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Sarı, Selahattin, Cevat Gerni, Mustafa Kemal Değer, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "Relationship Between Exports and Economic Growth in Turkic Republics in Transition Process." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c01.00169.

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After the collapse of the Eastern Bloc in 1991 the newly independent Turkic republics have experienced a transition recession that is relatively more severe and longer as compared to the case of the Central and Eastern transition economies. The lack of political and socio-economic institutional infrastructure needed for transition is argued as the key factor of this process. The efforts of these countries to integrate with the world markets by force of economic liberalization, the term which is used as the synonym of the transition, constitute the pivot. In the process of liberalizing the commodity markets exports and imports take the most important place. With the process of transition, in the Turkic republics, the production linkages, in other words input interdependencies, which had been formed during Soviet era, broke out and hence production bottlenecks and hyperinflations occurred. While negative supply shocks are expected to overcome in the years 2000s, it is also expected that exports and economic growth relationships as the result of market economy and trade liberalization barely arise. This study concerns the exports and economic growth relationships which forms a trivet of liberalization applications in the Turkic republics. Nevertheless, there is a vest literature that suggests that for exports and outward-orientation to effectively affect economic growth a country should attain a minimum level of development. In this context, the relationships between exports and economic growth in the Turkic republics will be investigated using panel data and causality tests.

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Olefir, Volodymyr. "THE IMPACT OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND EU ON TRADE AND INVESTMENT." In 5th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2021 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2021.13.

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The benefits and costs of the implementation of the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) between Ukraine and the EU have been studied. The study aimed to find out to what extent the implementation of DCFTA has helped increase exports and attract foreign direct investment into Ukraine’s economy. A comparison method was used to conduct the study. The period of implementation of the DCFTA (2016-2020) was compared with the period before the implementation of the DCFTA (2010- 2014). Due to trade liberalization, exports of Ukrainian goods to the EU and imports of goods from the EU to Ukraine have increased. Trade liberalization has not contributed to further attracting foreign direct investment from the EU to Ukraine’s economy. The urgent task of the Government of Ukraine is to create a business regulatory environment according to European standards and protect foreign investment.

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Huang, Yaman, and Yingqi Liu. "Research on Consumption Behavior of Power Users based on Full Liberalization of Power Selling Side." In The International Conference on Big Data Economy and Digital Management. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0011359100003440.

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"Impact of Liberalization – Privatization – Globalization (Lpg) on the Indian Economy: From 1991 To 2019." In rd Joint International Conference on Accounting, Business, Economics and Politics. Tishk International University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23918/icabep2021p10.

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Kendirli, Selçuk. "An Analysis of Food Sector Under Privatization and Privatization of Turkish Sugar Factories." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02186.

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In the 1970s, as a result of oil shocks, Keynesian policies were replaced by neoclassical economic policies, and the liberation movements had the opportunity to be widely implemented at the country level. In this context, developing countries are aiming to increase productivity by transferring large amount of investment responsibilities to the private sector. As a matter of fact, State Economic Enterprises, which are State Economic Enterprises, have started to be taken into the scope of privatization. Turkey also, along with the decisions of January 24 was declared in 1980 he joined the current liberalization, privatization moves are especially important after 2003 were carried out. Globalized economy and began following the introduction of economic liberalization and opening-up policy in 1980, the privatization process in Turkey has brought in. In the process, privatization policies have been adopted in order to abandon the protectionism and statism approach adopted since 1977 and to provide a more competitive environment. Continued privatization process gradually starting in 1990 in Turkey and reached until 2018. The Turkish Sugar Factories, whose privatization process has already begun, have become a star in privatization in 2018. They are as common as those who think the customization process is necessary. In this study, the effects of privatization of Turkish Sugar Factories on Turkish economy and Turkish food market will be tried to be investigated.

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Herningtyas, Ratih, and Febrianti D. L. Wardhanny. "Korean Drama Liberalization?: Political Economy of Product Placement Legalization for Foreign Companies in South Korea." In 4th International Conference on Sustainable Innovation 2020–Social, Humanity, and Education (ICoSIHESS 2020). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210120.116.

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Potorac, Doina. "The role of DCFTA in the development of the national economy of the Republic of Moldova." In Simpozion stiintific al tinerilor cercetatori, editia 20. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/9789975359023.05.

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Moldova-EU free trade agreement implies gradual liberalization (up to 10 years from signing) of trade in goods and services, free movement of labor, reduction of customs duties, technical and non-tariff barriers, abolition of quantitative restrictions and harmonization of EU acquisitions. Thus, the DCFTA (Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area between the Republic of Moldova and the European Union) is part of the European Association Agreement and brings additional economic benefits to the Republic of Moldova.

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Reports on the topic "Liberalization of economy"

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Razin, Assaf, and Edith Sand. Migration-Regime Liberalization and Social Security: Political-Economy Effect. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15013.

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De Paiva Abreu, Marcelo. Trade Liberalization and the Political Economy of Protection in Brazil since 1987. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011100.

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The paper analyses aspects of trade liberalization and the political economy of protection in Brazil since 1987. Section I considers the internal and external constraints to the continued adoption of a strategy based on import substitution industrialization. In section II trade liberalization up to 1994 is described including its adjustments related to the creation of Mercosur. It also places trade liberalization in the context of the wider reforms implemented in Brazil in the 1990s. The impacts of trade liberalization on import penetration, productivity and the cost of investment as well as its distributive effects are examined in section III. The relative importance of trade liberalization and inflation acceleration on the cost of investment is also discussed. Section IV deals with the political economy of trade liberalization and the protectionist backlash in the mid-1990s. An analysis is made of long-term factor mobility and the Brazilian case is compared with findings on other economies about the transition from a political economy of protection centered on the clash of "class interests" to one concerned with "special interests".

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Edwards, Sebastian, and Daniel Lederman. The Political Economy of Unilateral Trade Liberalization: The Case of Chile. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6510.

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Guido, Porto. Winners and loser of trade liberalization: frictions, rigidities and reforms. Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46446/publication_r4d.2020.1.en.

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Trade liberalization brings economic gains to the economy due to efficiency improvements and lower prices. The gains, however, may not be for everybody: export sectors win and import sectors lose. This creates a distributional conflict. The gains and losses from trade, and the attendant conflict, evolve as the economy adjusts. This depends on capital and labor market rigidities. There is room for policies to help realize and enhance the gains from trade and to mitigate the losses.

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Mesquita Moreira, Mauricio. Brazil's Trade Liberalization and Growth: Has it Failed? Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008584.

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Unfulfilled expectations about economic growth in Brazil has led many observers to question the ability of the new, open trade regime to put the economy back on a path of sustainable growth. Whereas the country's growth record has been really poor, the evidence suggests that the underlying causes had nothing to do with trade. Quite the contrary. This paper shows that trade liberalization has given an important contribution to two of the main drivers of growth: productivity and investment in physical capital. It argues that these gains were not turned into growth due to an unfavorable macro and institutional environment. It also claims that Brazil could have enjoyed more gains from trade, had it pursued a more aggressive trade policy at home and abroad. The paper concludes by outlining the main issues of a pro-growth, trade policy agenda for the country.

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Hertel, Thomas, Kym Anderson, Joseph Francois, and Will Martin. Agriculture and Non-agricultural Liberalization in the Millennium Round. GTAP Working Paper, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp08.

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Much remains to be done before agricultural trade is as liberal as world trade in manufactures. But agriculture is distorted by more than agricultural policies. In developing countries especially, farming is discouraged not only by farm protection policies in high-income countries but also by those countries' own manufacturing policies and distortions to services markets. This paper explores the extent to which multilateral liberalization of not only farm but also non-farm policies would affect welfare and the markets for farm products. It projects the global economy to 2005, when the Uruguay Round (UR) implementation will be complete, and assesses the potential impact of further cuts from that post-UR base. This is done using a modified version of the GTAP model of global trade, assuming 40% cuts in protection in agriculture, mining and manufacturing, and services. Results suggest agricultural and industrial liberalizations could yield similar-sized benefits for the global economy in 2005. However, the distributions of gains from those cuts are quite different as between rich and poor countries. We also examine the interaction between non-agricultural reforms and agricultural trade balances. For some regions, most notably for China, non-agricultural reforms dominate and reverse the sign of the change in the food trade balance following liberalization of both farm and non-farm trade. This suggests policy makers concerned with food and agriculture need to give attention also to non-agricultural policy reforms. Keywords: WTO, multilateral trade negotiations, manufacturing trade reform, agricultural distortions JEL Codes: F13, F14, F17, Q17

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Perez, Nicostrato, and Angga Pradesha. Philippine rice trade liberalization: Impacts on agriculture and the economy, and alternative policy actions. International Food Policy Research Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.133371.

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Hertel, Thomas, and Timothy Randhir. Trade Liberalization as a Vehicle for Adapting to Global Warming. GTAP Working Paper, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp09.

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This study assesses the interaction between climate change and agricultural trade policies. We distinguish between two dimensions of agricultural trade policy: market insulation and subsidy levels. Building on the previous work of Tsigas, Frisvold and Kuhn (1997) we find that, in the presence of current levels of agricultural subsidies, increased price transmission --as called for under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture-- reduces global welfare in the wake of climate change. This is due to the positive correlation between productivity changes and current levels of agricultural support. Increases in subsidized output under climate change tend to exacerbate inefficiencies in the global agricultural economy in the absence of market insulation. However, once agricultural subsidies have also been eliminated, price transmission via the global trading system contributes positively to economic adaptation under climate change.

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Lagoa, Sérgio, and Júlia Santos. Banking Efficiency in a Small Insular Economy: the impact of banking liberalization in Cape Verde. DINÂMIA'CET-IUL, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.7749/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2012.15.

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Vignoles, Christopher, and Anneke Jessen. Trinidad and Tobago: Trade Performance and Policy Issues in an Era of Growing Liberalization. Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008697.

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Trade can be a powerful engine of growth. In today¿s global economy, where investment moves quickly across borders and continents, and trade barriers are rapidly coming down, a competitive exporter has much to gain. In an ever-more liberalized world economy, however, competition is also that much harsher, and only the best will capture the benefits of new markets and business opportunities. Particularly in small, open economies like that of Trinidad and Tobago, weak export performance can impair a country¿s development prospects. Export income is needed to pay for imports, to pay off foreign debt, and to maintain a healthy balance in a country¿s external accounts, all of which is needed to achieve sustainable levels of economic growth. Successful international insertion, through trade facilitation and related measures, should therefore be a central aim of the IDB¿s support strategy for its borrowing member countries, and particularly for the small island economies of the Caribbean.

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