Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Libertins (philosophie du 17e siècle) – 17e siècle'
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Moreau, Isabelle. "Les stratégies d'écriture des libertins au XVIIème siècle." Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STET2097.
Full textSeventeenth century libertinism does not constitute a single harmonious philosophy, nor does it reduce to mere anti-christianism. Libertine thought is obviously in conflict with christian doctrine, but should not be reduced to this conflict alone : libertinism possesses its own logic and coherence, which it is important to grasp in order to understand authorial strategies. The analysis of the libertine protocol of reading and writing — their complex style, their rhetorical use of quotations, their irony — seems to us the best approach. Gabriel Naudé, François de la Mothe le Vayer, Cyrano de Bergerac and Charles Sorel read a very select library of books which they appropriate before beginning to write their own. To understand what is at stake in this protocol, it is important to determine the philosophical, rhetorical and stylistic coherence of libertine discourse. In the fields of religion, history and natural philosophy, the libertines tackle the question of knowledge from a very critical standpoint. Two domains — historiography and the reading of travelers’ accounts of their journeys — seem especially significant. Our authors elaborate an image of man and the world which competes with christian representations. Man loves myths : he has an inherent tendency to abandon critical distance. The libertines believe that it is most important to analyse the psychological mechanism that gives birth to conviction and belief. Writing strategies are the philosopher’s rhetorical answer to the anthropological analysis of human beliefs
Feller, Sophie. "Anthropologie de la croyance et analyse des représentations à l'âge classique : l'apport des libertins érudits." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS027S.
Full textIn the times immediately following the Religious Wars, at the dawn of the Galilean revolution, the seventeenth century opens on a world without bearings, where theology seems unable to answer all the questions any longer. The only thing man has left is to turn toward himself : subject and object of this new epistemology, he takes the place of God, and of every principle of unity, as a point of reference ; that’s the reason why we see here the birth of some anthropological thought strictly speaking. In the relations that this very thought – still faltering – is having with literature – in many respects its breeding ground – but also with philosophy, the part of the “libertins érudits” is not often put forward ; the critical attitude which defines them however makes them the spearhead of a new way of thinking. So the “anthropological” discourse which emerges in their writings – descendants of Montaigne and Charron – first and foremost characterizes man as a creature fed by believes and representations, and this from the ethical, as well as from the political or aesthetic point of view. We would like to explore these different fields of research through an analysis of representations, especially in La Mothe Le Vayer’s and Cyrano de Bergerac’s works. The choice of such a corpus lies in the multiplicity of the genres it allows to explore, and the diverse influences (scepticism and epicureanism, among others) which feed it, and which make it an enriching gateway to the thought of the “libertins érudits”
Gengoux, Nicole. "Le "Theophrastus redivivus" ou l'athéisme comme position philosophique à l'Age classique." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENSF0048.
Full textThe Theophrastus Redivivus, an illicit voluminous anonymous treatise written in 1659, shows that atheism could be a philosophical position in itself. Building up a reading method to decipher this libertine text, we were able to show that it was not a simple “collage” of quotations from Antiquity and Italian Renaissance sources, but that it provided a coherent argumentation, a complete materialist system including canonics, physics, and ethics. Even a policy based on the individual natural law is sketched up. The Theophrastus allows us to correct the machiavelian « libertine’s » traditional image. The classical theory of the imposture of religions does not prevent a reassessment of them: religions essential core, a kind of minimal credo, is the expression of a natural law, that of self- love. The people is able to understand priests’ cunning tricks, and the “Sage” doesn’t part completely from him: the treatise itself has an educational value. The anonymous author’s ontology displays dynamic naturalism which inherits from the padovan aristotelism, but breaks off from the pantheistic or animated naturalism of the Renaissance, and anticipates Spinoza’s naturalism. Modernity is seen as digging its roots into the Padovan Aristotelian tradition, independently from modern physics and Descartes. The Theophrastus is a missing link between “erudite libertinage” and “radical Enlightenment”. Finally it shows that the natural law tradition is not specifically Christian: for the atheist, politics replaces metaphysics. While explaining beliefs, atheism is the expression of the perpetual struggle of reason against imagination, two productions of nature
D'Angelo, Filippo. "Le Moi dissocié : libertinage et fiction dans le roman à la première personne au XVIIe siècle." Grenoble 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE39046.
Full textThe libertine novelists of the 17th century wrote frequently in first person. Nevertheless, their use of the first person narrator did not lead to a personal configuration of a heterodox vision of the world. Characterized by irony and concealment, the libertine practice of self-diegetic writing is the product of a process of declarative dissociation: the auctorial point of view is well separated by the narrative one that, in its tom, lost its own ideological discourse and became a series of heterogeneous points of view. This study aims at analyzing this process through sorne works such as the Histoire comique de Francion (1623) by Charles Sorel, the Première journée (1623) by Théophile de Viau, Les Aventures satyriques de Florinde (1625, anonymous), Le Gascon extravagant (1637) by Onésime de Claireville, Le Page disgracié (1643) by Tristan L'Hermite, L'Autre Monde (1657-1662) by Cyrano de Bergerac, L'Orphelin infortuné (1660) by César François Oudin de Préfontaine, Les Aventures (1677) by Charles Coypeau Dassoucy, La Terre Australe connue (1676) by Gabriel de Foigny and the Histoire des Sévarambes (1677-1679) by Denis Veiras. At the end of the path characterized by the analysis of these texts, the subjectivity marking out libertine first person narrator novels seems to be a dissociated subject, hanging on the neuter declarative space where its contradictory impulses takes place
Tricoche-Rauline, Laurence. "Le Moi libertin : Modalités d'expression de la subjectivité à l'âge classique." Saint-Etienne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STET2102.
Full textCaballero, Marcial. "J. C. Vanini : averroïsme de Padoue et pensée libertine (une philosophie de la crise à l'âge baroque)." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040155.
Full textThe topic of our research is G. C. Vanini's life and works (1585-1619). Until recently, these have been partially or anachronistically interpreted. That is why we have decided to place them in their proper context, within the age of counter-reformation, or the age of barocco. This was a time strongly conditioned by a "logic of war", a time when imagination was deeply concerned by recurrent metaphors with sceptic connotations that tended to contemplate life as a "dream" and the world as a "theatre". Every deed and writing of this philosopher can be analyzed as an original answer in the history of thought, once they are replaced in their right context, Vanini uses elements from other schools and doctrines from the late renaissance philosophy and builds upon the ruins of a thought in crisis (Aristotelian tradition) that -in its most orthodox version- legitimates the violent ideology of counter-reformation, which is Vanini's main target. His radicalism, as well as his ability for anticipation would explain the controversy that has always accompanied him, under the contradictory labels of "hero" or "damned". It would explain as well his capacity for acting as a catalyst -within the libertine movement- and as a reference difficult to forget when we try to rethink some important subjects related to the origin and consolidation of a certain modern mentality and its inherent contradictions: the conception of the basis and functions of knowledge, the place we assign to nature -and to man in nature-, the relationships between philosophy and religion or philosophy and power, the way to consider the metaphysical concepts or the horizon of transcendence, and the possible basis of an ethical theory that isn't based on religion any longer
Ponzetto, Valentina. "Alfred de Musset et les écrivains libertins du XVIIIe siècle." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040042.
Full textMusset's writing owes more than usually recognized to eighteenth-century libertine writers. This becomes clear when we remove old critical stereotypes and take a fresh look at his works. The very locations in which the stories take place hearken to the libertine tradition, drawing the picture of a sophisticated, worldly universe, confined to a few urban centres (Paris, Venice) and to some privileged, interior settings imbued with sensuality (boudoirs, petites-maisons). The key is evocation rather than description, literary reminiscences rather than the observation of reality. Musset's characters, too, display traits that set them in the tradition of the heroes of the libertine novel, in a relationship equally comprising admiration and desired imitation, as well as polemical opposition and reinterpretation. They are, notably, good talkers and seducers. Whether employed in dangerous and corrupting designs, or in more playful and lighthearted tones, their speech is marked by a language, a phrasing, a style, a seductive intent typical of libertine writing. This is precisely where we can recognize the most fruitful and most deeply rooted libertine heritage in Musset's works: an elegant and allusive language, which suggests eroticism and desire without vulgarity; a style composed of decent yet evocative metaphors, insinuating reticence, artful ellipses. It is finally a way of writing that elicits the reader's complicitous cooperation and irresistibly seduces him. Between reviving and transcending the libertine model, reusing and ironically distorting the clichés derived from this tradition, Musset's work develops its originality and its charm
Lakhdar, Salma. "La contestation masquée dans les histoires comiques au XVIIe siècle." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1028.
Full textComic stories are not just amusing. They reveal a new literary form that embodies the principles of the Libertine Philosophy. They are detached from the traditional aesthetic medieval tales and jokes. Their novelistic form defies the usual standards and thus announces the narrative pace of the modern novel: comic writers based without being theorists, new romantic rules. Style, aesthetics, language and themes diverge but remain complementary. Ironically, the diversity of the comic story made it rich but accelerated its disappearance. Building on ambiguity, comic writers and freethinkers chose the mask as a way to protest. Concealment and simulation are combined in a complex narrative structure. Deprived of its frivolous aspect, the comic becomes a means to convey one's disapproval and contest. It is shaped by writers who did not have the same experience nor the same style but had common goals: deride the romantic idealization inherited from the chivalric novel, use the factual and the real as basis for scrutiny and analysis and face the dogmas of Catholic thought especially when violently or legally imposed on Protestants. As Freedom is the common end, the perpetual struggle engages clever strategies and writing becomes a sign of rejection and a means to refuse transgression, as well. Mask games urge the reader to interpret the different hints hidden in the texts. Hence, the comic openes new reading scopes
Sultan, Élise. "Les romans libertins du XVIIIe siècle ou la philosophie des sens dessus dessous." Thesis, Paris 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA01H211/document.
Full textLibertine novels are not only pornography. During the 18th century, they are at the root of a philosophical and literary device, where fiction reflects and inspires reflection. Although the body of Libertine novels from Crébillon's Sylphe ( 1730) to Sade's Juliette ( 1797) is very diverse, the scam that runs through it is a distinctive oscillation between erotic scenes and philosophical debates. Rather than rewriting philosophical theories, the Libertine novels offer a literary way to philophize. Those novels offer experiences to the reader. Shilling philosophy towards the “boudoir”, the Libertine novel reconcile body and mind, theory and practice
Bombart, Mathilde. "La querelle des Lettres de Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac (1624-1630) : polémique, écriture et critique." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030118.
Full textThis thesis concerns the first work by Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac, published in 1624, and the controversy that ensued. A publishing event of the 1620s, the collection of Lettres was the result of an attempt by Balzac, who was past master in the art of putting both his own person and his works on display, to be accepted as the pre-eminent orator of his time. With this displacement from the oral to the written medium, and from speech to mere letters, eloquence here became an art designed to give pleasure: it abandoned its favourite domain, political action, for the entertainment of an audience of people that frequent Court and high society. This much is demonstrated in Balzac's very style, which shows that from the constructions of classical rhetoric he mainly keeps an art of ornate discourse that enhances the refinements of an artistic form of writing that is held up as a model of prose along with that of Malherbe. Applause was, however, quickly followed by a major literary quarrel. Driven by Catholic apologists, this controversy shows the level of resistance created by Balzac's modernity, which is condemned out of respect for the Graeco-Roman inheritance, and in line with a type of religious discourse for which the culture of 'eloquence' was a sign of pride, and for which the search for new forms was a proof of freethinking. But the quarrel intensified, and went beyond the original debate about the Lettres, giving rise to a whole series of publications and encouraging a wide range of points of view. This event thus harnesses the energies of about twenty different authors, and put on show a great variety of literary careers and philosophies, a study of which allows us to seize the complex issues latent in publishing and writing practices at a period when the domain of literature and fine arts was becoming institutionalised
Aoun, Ali. "Libertinage et utopie : étude comparée de la question de l'homme dans des utopies narratives du XVIIe siècle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20023.
Full textSzabries, Carmen. "Libertinage et libertins dans les romans d’Andréa de Nerciat." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040007.
Full textThe following thesis proposes three main questions : how realistic is Nerciat’s portrayal of his libertines? What ethical imperatives drive his literary creations ? What kind of literary devices does Nerciat employ to express a libertinage that is at once joyous and playful ? Nerciat’s writing exemplifies a voluptuousness and excessive pleasure that combine to create a unique universe full of exquisite charm. Shaped by a self-sufficient hedonism, his libertines live with the single-minded aim of fulfilling their ideal of pleasure, but do so without experiencing any great suffering. It soon becomes apparent that Nerciat is a master of writing : his style is characterised by a fluency of pace; the weaving together of textual elements is coherent and the content is inventive. Overall, the author reveals an imagination that is overpowering, but which reins itself in at the service of a comic humour that engages completely both the reader’s attention and his approbation
Foucault, Didier. "Un philosophe libertin dans l'Europe baroque : Giulio Cesare Vanini (Taurisano, 1585 - Toulouse, 1619)." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20114.
Full textRoche, Bruno. "Le rire des libertins dans la première moitié du XVIIe siècle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20011.
Full textChampion, Julie. "Le cheminement de la parole libertine." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040160/document.
Full textIt seems that libertinism has always been misread, distorted and regarded as a movement with a limited scale. However, even if the establishment of the notion of libertinism was based on the negative vision spread by its detractors, it was actually a strong ideology, philosophy and style that was often misunderstood because the libertins always denied all kind of dogma. Therefore, they do not propose a philosophical model but a way of thinking in which the reader has to figure one’s own vision of the world as well as an ideal model of life and wisdom. This continuity was revealed by the contemporary criticism of the libertins from the seventeenth century, that we name “Scholars” since the thesis developed by René Pintard in 1943. But the chronology divides the movement in two periods and denies the possibility of a continuity between the libertine authors from the seventeenth century and those from the eighteenth century, regarded as minors authors. Through the study of four libertine pieces from the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries (Les États et Empires de la Lune et du Soleil by Cyrano de Bergerac, Dom Juan by Molière, Thérèse philosophe by Boyer d’Argens and the three versions of Justine by Sade) and through their comparison with the stakes of libertinism defined by the theoretical texts and criticism, this continuity is highlighted and studied in five fundamental ways : refusal of beliefs, the promotion of a scientific approach, putting common values in perspective, the existence of a materialistic hermeneutics and the constitution of a political, social and philosophical ideal
Jaziri, Anissa. "Drôlerie et noblesse : l'esthétique et l'éthique du corps des aristocrates à l'épreuve des dramaturgies comiques et tragi-comiques du XVIIe siècle français." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100004/document.
Full textWhile the body of the common people has inspired many sociological and anthropological approaches, our research has focused on the study of the body image of aristocratic characters in french seventeenth century comic and tragic dramaturgies.Although the often heroic presence of this social category is part of the so-called "noble" genre of tragedy, it is, and according to a long Aristotelian tradition, banned from the comic genre considered more susceptible to the mediocre, even the ugly, physical and moral, and to consider things of the body. Based on a corpus of sixty comedies and tragicomedies dating from 1629 to 1690, our study of the physical images of the nobles then leads to a particular aesthetic that makes us question the compatibility between the often idealizing representation of the "honest men" and laughter. However, to highlight the pleasant presence of the noble body on stage, we referred to a more subtle notion than the comic, that of the drollery which lies between the approval of the celebration of the beauties of the aristocrats concerned by the action and the pleasant awareness of the excesses of this perfection, between the disconcerting inventiveness, even the grandeur, of the nobles who disguise themselves and the bursts of laughter inspired by some of their bodily or natural defects or failures, between the amused spectacle of their sensuality little annoyed or casual, the exultation aroused by their militant libertinism, which makes you think, and a kind of unease in front of the cynicism of the few, between the admiration of the talents of actors allowing good tricks, thanks to a beautiful gestural dexterity, and the jubilation inspired by the success of well-born protagonists. The stakes become even higher when it comes to the desire for freedom that the bodies express on stage, especially those of women when violent excesses or hypocritical behavior are represented. So many rich impressions that amplifies the setting in space and in voice by actors who also let hear a kind of mystery of the words. All the shades of drollery, of a comic that we perceive as a little strange, seem to have been experienced by our dramatic poets to bring the nobles to the comic scene and, at one time, to the mixed genre of tragi-comedy
Marchal-Albert, Luce. ""Double de cueur et de langue" : discours et contre discours dans la polémique calvinienne contre les libertins spirituels." Thesis, Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040104.
Full textThis thesis propounds a study of the controversy that the reformers John Calvin and Guillaume Farel have carried out against spirituals Libertines. The proposed corpus is as follows: Le Contre la secte phantastique et furieuse des libertins qui se nomment spirituelz, which was published in 1545 by John Calvin, is considered as the very first book against libertines, and in this context has obviously an undeniable interest. It symbolises the beginning of a long and complex controversy, which was further supported by some later treaties: two treaties of the Geneva reformer Une epistre de la mesme matiere, contre un certain Cordelier suppost de la secte : lequel est prisonnier à Roan, published in 1547 and the Response à un certain Holandois, lequel sous ombre de faire les Chrestiens tout spirituels, leur permet de polluer leur corps en toutes idolatries, which was published in 1562 ; and finally the Le Glaive de la Parolle veritable, tire contre le Bouclier de defense : duquel un Cordelier Libertin s'est voulu servir, pour approuver les fausses & damnables opinions of the Reformer of Neuchâtel, which was published in 1550, and whose text was transcribed and inserted in the appendix of the thesis. My approach is rhetoric and aims at highlighting the constants of a speech which has used the structure and frameworks of anti-heretical polemical discourse as the Bible, the Fathers and acts conciliar had codified for nearly sixteen centuries. It appears that the libertines? are doctrinally and personally close to the reformers, but that spirituality and the individualization of faith have driven them to be indifferent to any outdoor practice. Also, the controversy gives us indications about the Calvinian conception of language, which denounces the ambiguous practice of language made by the libertines
Cuyl-Candit, Elodie. "La liberté dans l'œuvre de Crébillon fils." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOL002.
Full textCrebillon fils novels show the libertin as a weak individual, completely dominated by his passions and whom aberrations seem the manifestation of an instinct that the society can repress but not gag. This universe is the one of a general sensuality to which the libertins press their conquests to surrender without constraint however, it seems that this sensual freedom is an illusion and that everyone has to justify his faults there is, in libertines conquestes, a crual intention, an evil purpose that aims to study feminine freedom before desire and that finds its excuse in an ostentatious will to make "experiences". This need of justification is the symptom of a tenacious guilt. Shall the individual be tempted when he proved himself too weak to resist? Which is, then, the exact measure of the human freedom? Moreover, the libertin is an individual in exhibition, who is subdued to the judgements of the "public" the "public" is powerful and it is to protect one's reputation, so necessary in that world of appearances, that everyone has to disguise himself, condemned to be always pleasant. There is no more political freedom than social freedom kings and prince are tyrants who require from their subjects, a total submission so that no one could cross their aspirations nor desires, as powerful in prince as they are in ordinary people. The individual is prey to the desperate will to satisfact his passion, whatever it is in alienating the freedom of the others, forgetting that they are his passions themselves that chain him
Francès, Cyril. "La mémoire du désir : poétique du temps et figuration du sujet dans l'Histoire de ma vie de Giacomo Casanova." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30054.
Full text«What is deepest in man, it is the skin - as he knows himself," wrote Paul Valéry in L’idée fixe. Few autobiographical works have quite explored of this depth: since Rousseau, the imperatives of the genre require to go in cute. L’Histoire de ma vie belongs to this little number. Casanova, for long man of all superficialities, runs continuously the surface of being, not to forget himself, but precisely "as he knows himself." On the epidermis, appear the most dizzying metamorphoses as the most brilliant revelations: man discovers of what stuff is made. The reflexivity of the narrative itself cannot do without this mediation, and that the writer tries to find as the pages go by, it's less a truth or essence than a body again capable of depth. The work tends to recompose its tissues, to restore its splendor and to replay his impulses, hoping to overcome the only truly superficial reality: Time. Desire’s memory refers to this carnal anamnesis, which unfolds away from consciousness and interiority but in the theater of skins and ornaments. L’Histoire de ma vie tries to collect and to raise the intensity, giving back to the subject writing this flesh lost, the only one he knows and that each line is trying to regain. This memory has its own temporality; it shapes a unique subject and generates a unique writing system: it opens within the world of writing of the self an immense space and still insufficiently explored
Benard, Mylène. "Les romans personnels et libertins au XVIIe siècle." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CLF20019.
Full textDuflos, de Saint Amand Donatienne. "Nature et fonction de la notion d'intérêt aux XVIe ET XVIIe siècles." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100180.
Full textUntil the XVIth century, the notion of interest is nearly non existent in the representations of the world and of action. From the XVIth century and during all the XVIIth, it enlarges its uses as far as it becomes the notion we can't avoid nor refute nowadays. Through the study of its most important promoters, from Guichardin to Leibniz, and assuming that its introduction provides a solution that enables them to work out new problems they have to face, this work shows that the notion of interest is not a psychological motivation that would lead to the representation of a selfish man nor to the mere introduction of the utilitarian paradigm. The analysis of its uses (whether it's used to solve economic, moral or political problems), of its objects and subjects, of its qualities (either descriptive or normative, either particular or general) and of its ambivalent effects (utility, prejudice), enables to show that its stake is wider, in so far as the modelling of the reality is concerned. Interest works as a principle of action, as a corrective variable. It allows to get the phenomenons under control, to get a phenomenal representation of the relationships between the man and his world around. Its extension leads to an upgrading of tangible world, that gives the representation of value a new start, and appraises them throughout concurrence. Therefore, it takes part in the construction of modernity
Lagrée, Jacqueline. "Religion naturelle et raison : enjeux et effets philosophiques de la position d'un credo minimum au XVIIème siècle." Paris 4, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040001.
Full textThe claim of a "credo minimum" (or the statement of a small number of articles and precepts of faith) was made in the 17th century in order to unite all churches and religions. But it had another effect : the comeback of natural religion in the stoic mode, and the apparition of laymen on the stage of theology. The work of Grotius, Herbert of Cherbury, Louis Meyer, friend of Spinoza, Wissowaty and Isaac d'Huisseau constitute the intellectual horizon of the great post Cartesian systems. To know what their questions were, how the great philosophers of the 17th century, especially Hobbes, Spinoza and Leibniz, answered to them by reformulating and shifting them, leads to a new method of reading philosophical writings, which takes much care of the intellectual context. It shows too, what power of a philosophy, in that case stoicism, can be
Uomini, Steve. "Histoire cachée : polygraphie historique et comportements intellectuels dans la France du XVIIème siècle." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040052.
Full textThe aim of this study is a thorough analysis of a large body of French historiographical works written between 1612 and 1696. Divided into three main stages, the examination of thematic and structural characteristics of seventeenth-century narrative historiography focuses on tragic, romantic and anecdotal traditions. A series of preliminary biographical surveys is intended to collate ascertainable data pertaining to the specific professional strategies involved in historiographical-related careers. Concurrently, critical inquiry devoted to documentary procedures, referential options, epistemological presuppositions and historiological considerations is conducted as a contribution to the understanding of inherent methodological conventions substructing early modern historical narrative genre. In addition to prosopographical and diplomatological areas of investigation, an exploration of emblematic discursive presumptions underlying the deployment of formal and thetic configurations is designed to reveal operative intellectual paradigms. The exhaustive inventory of topological processes and the complete enumeration of salient locutionary features conjointly fulfill the purpose of reconstructing both implicit and recurrent behavioral indications exclusively discernible through collective representational perspectives. Finally, close inspection of the principal phases of contemporaneous literary criticism ranging from tutelary and censorial intervention to scholarly opinion, including publisher's and reader's scrutiny, accredits a reevaluation of prevalent assumptions regarding antecedent historical culture in light of hitherto unutilized source materials
Chométy, Philippe. ""Philosopher en langage des dieux" : la poésie d'idées en France, 1653-1716." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10044.
Full textFloury-Buchalin, Cécile. "Le corps malade, entre pléthore et corruption : écrits médicaux et religieux au XVIIe siècle." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_floury_buchalin_f.pdf.
Full textWhat is being sick in the 17th century? 521 medical editions and around 350 religious (and literary) books printed in Lyon have been analyzed to answer the question. Here, the notions of sickness and health are a prism that shows intellectual and cultural heritage around a larger representation of the human body. Medical production that was printed in Lyon revealed the importance of generally conservative, small and practical medical books, compared to the real rareness of theoretical and innovative treatises. The galenic doctrine lasted until the second half of the century thanks to reprints, commentaries and quotations but even later thanks to the plasticity of its early-modern interpretation. The second part of the study shows the encounter between this medical view of the body, inherited from Antiquity, and the norms of Counter-Reformation. The physical envelope shelters the imbalance of the four humors but also the Christian soul. Semantic fields and logics at work in religious and medical treatises were analyzed to show the congruence between the religious and the medical norms of the early-modern period. Finally, the new knowledge of the body (anatomy, mechanism and chemistry) is estimated at the quarter of the printed production at the end of the century. It contrasts with the relative stability of etiology still based on the ideas of corruption and guilt, and of therapeutics still focused on evacuation
Foisneau, Luc. "Hobbes et la toute-puissance de Dieu : Les conditions théologiques de la philosophie morale et politique de Hobbes." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010536.
Full textAlthough they have been ignored for a long time, the texts devoted by Hobbes to theology are an important part of his work. Those texts, that give a predominant part to the divine attribute of omnipotency, don't belong however to the main ockhamist stream of the theology of almightiness. Indeed, when he links almightiness and neccessity, Hobbes is nearer to abelard than to Ockham. Hobbes'reflection on the almightiness of God conditions directly his moral and political philosophy
Mignot, Claude. "Pierre Le Muet, architecte (1591-1669)." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA040157.
Full textFirst monography of the architectural work of Le Muet with a compleat chronology and a catalogue of the books and buildings. .
Zourabichvili, François. "L'idée de transformation dans la philosophie de Spinoza." Nancy 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN21034.
Full textHamraoui, Éric. "Les références explicative et descriptive de la connaissance des maladies du coeur et des vaisseaux (1628-1749)." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010568.
Full textHeart and blood vessels diseases form the subject of some observations in the medical treatise of the antiquity, of the middle-ages (Avicenne, Avenzoar) and of the renaissance (Benivieni, Saporta). However, analysing their causes and interpreting their symptoms cannot be undertaken without understanding the physiological mechanisms of blood circulation as demonstred by harvey in 1628. The definition of the perrequisites when applying to medecine, the knowledge of the laws of hemodynamics will thus become the favoured area of investigation of the oxford's physiologists (Willis and Lower), but also of the iatromechanicians of the italian school (Lancisi) and of some french physicians (vieussens and Sénac). This reflexion will lead Sénac in his lettres sur le choix des saignees (1730), published under the pseudonym julien morisson, to the denunciation of some inappropriate and inefficient therapeutics (derivative or revulsant bleedings). This criticism follows the publication of lancisi's de motu cordis et aneurysmatibus (1728) in wich is to be found the definition of the basic conceptual distinctions of cardiology. The study of the heart's anatomy and physiology (de motu cordis), the description of the various forms of arterial and cardiac aneurisms (de aneurysmatibus), as well as the deduction of theirs causes are included in lancisi's realization of an all-embracing project, a doctrina absoluta ; giving a comprehensive explanation of the structural, functionnal or hereditary factors likely to lead to aneurisms. The accuracy of such an explanation is based on the aknowledgement of the limits ; and the appraisal of the exacteness ; of what causes cardiovascular diseases, thanks to the identification of the principles governing nature, the variety and effects of those ailments, as upheld by Sénac in his Traité de la structure du cœur, de son action et de ses maladies, published in 1749 (this work will be summarized in the article cœur ; published by the Encyclopédie)
Mehl, Édouard. "Descartes en Allemagne : 1619-1620 : le contexte allemand de l'élaboration de la science cartésienne." Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA040177.
Full textLefebvre, Dominique. "La musique dans le texte, France, 1660-1750." Paris 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA030037.
Full textThe ultimate objective of this work is to analyse how to put together a dissertation on the development of music in France since the classical period (with the creation of the opera) until the seventeen-fifties (period before the Querelle des Bouffons). This thesis is a study of the founding and development of aesthetics in musical appreciation of that period and its connection to aesthetics in literature and painting. The explosion of music and the beginning of criticism in music are examined as a social event and an object of historiography. Our study of music has been limited to opera and instrumental music. The texts which have been studied concern scientific and technical treatises of the Royal Academy of Sciences, theoretical works, works on aesthetics, private correspondance, dictionaries and some specialist publications on music
Loget, François. "La querelle de l'angle de contact (1554-1685) : constitution et autonomie de la communauté mathématique entre Renaissance et Âge Baroque." Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHES0133.
Full textTegos, Spyridon. "Le concept des sentiments sociaux dans la philosophie politique classique (XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles)." Paris 10, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA100031.
Full textCampagnola, Francesco. "La disgregazione della ragione unica. Teorie dell'analogia nel settecento irlandese ed inglese." Paris, EPHE, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EPHE5012.
Full textIn eighteenth century British philosophy, the years around 1740 can be considered as a fundamental turning point. After 1688 Revolution, the widespread conviction, that a specific form of reason was the ‘Reason’ through which the whole being (and especially religion) could be sufficiently explained, came to be criticized. Newtonianism was not effaced, cast out from the philosophical debate. The same can be said, in a wider sense, for generic theological rationalism. The vocabulary of reason and ‘rationalism’ remained mostly unchanged, the way of arguing went on with the same style. Nonetheless, what previously had been unquestionable truths and axioms became a matter of discussion. The foundations of reason were now evidently under attack and the spirit of the time showed a strong proclivity to distrust. It was a flee from the centre, a centrifugal movement of opinions, an increase in the number of philosophical positions. It was the sudden epiphany of a change co-essential to the nature of ‘unique reason’ itself. From the very beginning, what presented itself as essentially unique was in truth a multi-faced instrument. During the late thirties and the forties, many philosophers and theologians became aware of the poly-semantic nature of reason. A part of them begun to doubt on the real limits and power of rational enquiry, some on the possibility itself of knowing those limits and power
Pouthier, Tristan. "Droit naturel et droits individuels en France au dix-neuvième siècle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020050/document.
Full textThe individual rights which were consecrated in France by the declarations of rights from the revolutionary era brought about all through Nineteenth century a body of law which aimed at organizing the legal exercise of these rights. Public law professors made an important effort at that time to theorize this novel body of law through books, scholarly reviews and teaching. It is striking thus to notice that very few memories were kept of this effort. We have far better knowledge today of the several discourses on individual rights which marked the revolutionary era than of the Nineteenth century thinking on these same rights. For instance,contemporary thought remains familiar with intellectual influences on French revolutionaries such as Locke’s, the Modern School of natural law’s or theFrench Encyclopedia’s. On the contrary, the reflection led by Nineteenth century public law scholars on individual rights has been forgotten because it has become estranged from us from a cultural point of view. Indeed, the intellectual and moral framework within which the theory of individual rights was developed at that time collapsed by the turn of the Twentieth century, thus opening the way tothe unrivaled domination of legal positivism. The aim of this doctoral dissertation is to allow a renewed access to this specific moment of the French thinking on individual rights, by setting the theory of individual rights developed by Nineteenth century public law scholars within the wider framework of the legal culture of their time. To this end, the dissertation adopts a wide perspective which includes contributions of both history of philosophy and history of legal science. Indeed, the Nineteenth century legal theory of individual rights becomes fully intelligible only when related to the very specific doctrine of natural law which dominated during a century within French universities, a doctrine which deeply marked the legal culture of that time
Huot, Hervé. "Songes, visions et rêves dans les sciences du corps et de l'esprit (langue française, milieu XVIe - début XVIIIe siècle)." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0144.
Full textThe first section of this work is dedicated to the presentation of antique period texts, pagan or Christian, edited in France in the 16th century, containing passages relative to dreams and their interpretation. The three following sections are centered around the analysis of documents printed in France from the mid 16th century to the beginning of the 18th century, showing how “dreams” were portrayed in theological and “demoniacal” debates in Western Europe, as well as in new “scientific progress” and in the emergence of a “modern philosophic discourse”. This paper’s hypothesis is that the evolution of scholarly discourse surrounding dream-like phenomena, in a given cultural domain, determines to a large extent the evolution of individual attitudes towards dreams, as well as the evolution of popular definitions of human beings. Thus, the declaration by Christian theology of a “divine” or “demonic” influence on the creation of numerous dreams underwent such strong attacks by eminent French and English authors during the second half of the 17th century that the tendency in Western Europe during the 18th century was no longer to consider “dreams” as banal and uninteresting “constructs of the individual”
Drouin, Sébastien. "Érudits, théologiens et libertins autour de l'exégèse allégorique à l'âge des lumières." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24792/24792.pdf.
Full textRoynier, Céline. "Le problème de la liberté dans le constitutionnalisme britannique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020090.
Full textMany are the signs revealing a certain difficulty with liberty or freedom in british constitutionalism. The relative failure of the Human Rights Act 1998 in terms of efficiency , the never-ending debate about the enactment of a british declaration of rights and the numerous sanctions taken by the ECHR against the UK, can be considered as symptoms of this problem. How, then, is it possible to explain the overwhelming role of the UK in the adoption of the ECHR in the 1950’s and this resistance of the UK towards the European Convention ? Our aim, in this work, is to provide an explanation which would be based on the study of the early modern common law tradition that is mainly (but not exclusively) the parliamentary Doctrine of the Seventeenth Century. We think that this doctrine or discourse established the english conception of liberty and considered this latter as originating in the common law. We suggest that liberty was and is thought as a permanent redefinition of the law itself (the common law) and that this idea gave birth to Public Law exactly at the same time. First of all, the above-mentioned problem of liberty – which appeared in America and France as well – arose in a particular way in England. Rather than focusing on power and its legitimacy, english state lawyers concentrated their work on the marks of a law which could be acceptable for all. This reflexion led to successive waves of politisation of the law itself but did not enable the apparition of a people which would be the source of both law and power. The first wave of politisation established that common law was the law common to all (Part 1). The second wave deepened the first one and enabled the common law to be « the law of liberty » by linking the language of the common law with the individual, through constitutional morality (Part 2)
Armogathe, Jean-Robert. "Theologia cartesiana : physique et théologie en Europe au XVIIème siècle." Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010601.
Full textThe present dissertation is an introduction to the system of the world, from Copernicus to Newton. The author studies first the status of method as order in Melanchthon and Suarez ; then he shows how theological concepts have been worked out in an epistemological context: vacuum, time, substance are studied with the helpp of theological tools : the empyreum, the aevum, the Eucharist. From the physica sacra, which is a transposition of the scriptures into a scientific scheme (comenius), to the religiophilosophica of cotton mather, xviith century science is built in a religious and metaphysical context. Nor does cartesianism stand aside, being absorbed by the dutch universities in order to fight for new scholasticism and being attacked as theologia cartesiana
Flipo-Agneray, Isabelle. "Angelus Silesius ou le discours contre la méthode." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040044.
Full textAngelus Silesius, the last heir german mysticism, was at the convergence of 17th century negative theology and spiritual research. In a Europe in the middle of technical and cultural development, confronted by a crisis of civilisation and values, its modernisation deliberately curtailed by contradictory ideological interests, disrupted by science and the new cosmologies, silesian spirituality appeared as a counter-discourse to all forms of extremism, political or religious. The word of tolerance in opposition to the dogmatism of the time and the spirit system, the wisdom of Angelus Silesius, sometimes passionate, always fascinating, offered neither a formula nor a method for getting to the truth. It was by abandoning the plan to master the universe, forcing one to think that Man was at war with God or with himself, that the Angel of Silesia's belief defends not the established order, but rather teaches each person to follow the intuition of his consciousness. Preferring the impasses of Progress to his illusions, and refusing to introduce determinism in divine knowledge, the work of Silesius does not claim to liberate Man, nor his body nor his spirit. But seeing in Man, first and foremost, a being of desire, it is by assuming fully his nature that the thinker teaches him to make his way to real freedom
Giabicani, Jean-Claude. "Le commencement de la sagesse : négativité et éthique dans la doctrine anthropologique de Spinoza." Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100097.
Full textThe field of human speech is determined by a fundamental negativity. The anthropological doctrine of Spinoza determines this negativity as constituting the beginning of the ethical itinerary. Ethics are rooted in the experience of the human being, in relation with the symbolic decision of the speaking subject
Raţiu, Dan-Eugen. "Peinture et théorie de l'art au XVIIe siècle : Nicolas Poussin et la doctrine classique." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010578.
Full textMazauric, Simone. "Savoirs et philosophie à Paris dans la première moitié du XVIIe siècle : les conférences du Bureau d'adresse de Théophraste Renaudot (1633-1642)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010697.
Full textThe subject of this doctoral dissertation is the study of "the conferences du bureau d'adresse of Théophraste Renaudot". It aims to determine the role these conferences played in the intellectual life from a philosophic and scientific view point during the first half of 17th century france. The first part studies how the "conferences du bureau d'adresse", re placed within the context of a movement of academic sociability distinctive of that time, functioned as a particular structure of learned sociability. The second part analyses the relation between the "conferences du bureau d'adresse", and modernity using their sources of knowledge and their intellectual forms of exchange which they put to work and diffu sed. The third part apprehends these sources of knowledge from an apistemological point of view and highlights the original way the members of this academy, all issued from a cultivated fring of french society, were situated in relatio n to the scientific and philosophic revolution that was taking place at that time and aims to evaluate the extent of their participation. Finally to determine the specific way they have accomplished a slow, difficult, and chaotic intellectual mutaion, in the margin of the elite
Bubb, Martine. "La camera obscura : philosophie d'un appareil." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA082968.
Full textMy thesis is about the "camera obscura" as an apparatus; an apparatus which differentiates between a simple device through its technical and symbolic characteristics. From this point of view, it is less likely to treat the "camera obscura" as a tool for scientists or artists, but to focus more, on the way it goes widely beyond this function through structuring thought and practice. It is possible therefore, to consider this apparatus as a full entity, in the same light as the museum, cinema, photography or perspective. It must be broken down, insisting particularly on the ratio between perspective and "camera obscura". In my opinion, the latter is paradigmatic of a new vision, such as that which appears in XVIIth century Dutch art and XIXth century German romantic paintings. If it had been used during the Middle Ages by the Arab astronomers, the "camera obscura" did not become an apparatus until the XVIIth century, because only then does it generate art, meaning and thought, notably with Kepler and Vermeer. However, Dutch art had long been ignored or studied within the Italian art criteria which concentrated more on drawings. That is why it would be time to take out this "neglected part of history" from the shadows, i. E. The "camera obscura"; and with it, colour, light and imagination. What is this world of the camera obscura ? How does it deal with the articulation between what is real and what is considered as a representation? What thoughts and which themes does it generate; what concepts does it imply? We have attempted to determine the spatiality and temporality time-frame of this technical and symbolic entity and moreover, its own philosophy
Revon-Rivière, Elise. "Des textes intitulés Promenade à l'invention du promeneur et de l'observateur : le loisir lettré en ville dans les textes anglais et français des dix-septième et dix-huitième siècle." Paris 7, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA070081.
Full textThis work deals with dozens of texts called « Promenade » from 1586 to the 19th century, with English journalism, with the invention of the word « promeneur » and "observateur" during the French Enlightenment
Gagnon, Mathieu. "Enquête morale sur le mépris envers les premières nations : le programme de conversion des Jésuites en Huronie au 17e siècle et le programme de civilisation britanno-canadien au 19e siècle." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28103/28103.pdf.
Full textBitterling, David. "Lectures françaises de l'espace absolu." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070008.
Full textThe present thesis shows how in 17th century France economical and financial problems are faced with solutions largely inspired by the Renaissance "spatial turn". It iIIustrate the self-conception of France as if the country was a great enclosure, aiming at external economic autarky and internal perfection in cultivating space. Analysing the management of space and its political and economical justification, the thesis proves that the theoretical concept of space that is there behind is an absolute one
Bouchardy, Jean-Jacques. "Nature et "Nature des choses" chez Bayle (1647-1706)." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30060.
Full textThe word nature and the expression "nature of things", synonyme of essence, are alwost always in opposition in pierre bayle's writings. A knowledge, even a "basic one, of essences allows - or would allow - to judge nature or world, even to extract a vision of it. We frequently find this opposition in this author's other anti, thesis (mind- matter, good-evil, religion-reason. . . ). This lead to the impossibility of all systems, because it is insurmountable. But paradoxically, it allows, due to its constancy, to perceive the unity of bayle's preoccupations and thought
Jouin, Pierre. "La logique de l'inhérence et la structure des emboîtements à l'infini chez Leibniz." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040065.
Full textAucante, Vincent. "L'horizon métaphysique de la médecine de Descartes." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040304.
Full textThe Descartes medicine is facing an odd paradox : parangon of the method in his discourse, always promised in his letters, its obvious deficiencies implicate unavoidably to suspect the whole philosopher's work, and particularly the efficiency of the method. Far from following rigorously a synthetic or an analytic order, the medicine is revealing itself to be a compromise of both, where the experientia has got actually the privilege. The explanation of all the physiology with the Cartesian physic is the only part systematically developed. Following the direct observation more than thesis of Galen or Paracelsus, the recombining of the "fabric" of human body has in fact a precarious status because it can be modified by any new discovery. In other respects, the physiology is nothing but a preliminary required for the development of a practical medicine, with pathology, etiology and therapeutics. Sparse in all the corpus, the many indications once got together reveal an important implication of the mind. It is then proved that the real subject of the Cartesian medicine is not the body alone, but the body causing pain in the soul. The incompletion of Cartesian medicine appears to result from a dual difficulty : on the one hand to discover all the wheels of the bodily machine, and on the other hand to understand the union of mind and body, which is only really known by god