Journal articles on the topic 'Library Concept, Library Development, Change Management'

The adoption of information and communication technologies in information environment has made a radical change in information management. One of such revolutions has exhibited in the form of digital libraries. The evolution of digital libraries has ensured the emergence of global networked environment that has dramatically changed the status of libraries, their processes, service delivery as well as storage and retrieval systems. This paper examines the development of digital libraries, the concept, characteristics, funding, infrastructure, and ICT policy in Nigeria. The paper enumerates a number of challenges hindering the development of digital libraries in Nigeria and proffers some recommendations.

The development of information and communication technology is very fast affecting various fields of life and professions. The changes that were accompanied by the potential offer of telematics also caused a paradigm shift in the field of higher education. The paradigm changes include E-Learning, E-Research, and information literacy which requires libraries to develop to support the smooth running of education, research and society. This reserach uses participatory observation method. The subjects of this study were active library users of UIN Raden Intan Lampung. Data collection in this research is through questionnaire surveys, interviews, and document studies. The results of the study are the perceptions and expectations of users to the development of Raden Intan Library in the digital era is the merging of the Four building concepts: the concept of green library, Academic Library, Supermarket Library and Home Library. Keywords: Digital Library, Perception and Expectations, visitors of library, Library Management.

The research features the relevance and importance of the transition to the digital economy and digital society as the most important priorities of the state policy of the Russian Federation. The authors emphasize the impact of this process on the development of all types of libraries, including university libraries. Digital environment results in a number of social and technological challenges, e.g. the specifics of dealing with e-users of university libraries, access to electronic resources, new requirements for the publication activity of teachers and researchers in specialized sources and professional competence status, creativity of managers and specialists of university libraries, etc. The paper describes The Concept of Development of University Libraries, a draft document that emphasizes the changing role of university libraries and the need to change the content of their activities. The project takes into account the development of world libraries and such components as infrastructure, structure, and ultrastructure, including new challenges to the digital environment. The study features the case of the State University of Management that educates management personnel for libraries.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review the literature on organisational cultural change and problems in its implementation, focussing on the case of building a learning organisation (LO) within university library context. Design/methodology/approach – Key literature published within Library and Information Science, Business and Management and other related fields were reviewed to identify themes regarding organisational cultural change in relation to development of an LO emerging in the recent years. Findings – Reviewed literature in this paper highlights key challenges in examining organisational cultural change for the purpose of building an LO. These include a lack of an agreed definition of the LO concept, practical approaches and measure for assessing achievement of the cultural change. A need for in-depth studies which focus on current practices and related problems in this regard is also revealed, and the systems approach is proposed as a suitable approach for holistic investigation of all critical elements that possibly affect establishment of an LO. Originality/value – The paper raises awareness of the importance of examining organisational cultural change as a critical supportive influence of developing an LO. Problems to be considered in its implementation are synthesised and served as a basis for further investigation in the author’s doctoral research project.

The article focuses on the increasing importance of research activities of libraries as a management tool and substantiates the necessity of the development of library specialists’ professional research competencies. The activities of modern libraries depend to a large extent on the external conditions and available resources. Librarians have to monitor the requirements of their founders and consumers, the priorities of cultural policy, staff resources, innovative potential and other factors. Library specialists therefore face new challenges. Today their activities acquire not only cultural meaning but also marketing, management and strategic dimensions. Researches and analytics enable to take into consideration changes and to adjust managerial decisions, to reveal opportunities and risks. Library research workers study reading preferences among the different social groups, their level of informational culture as well as their satisfaction with library services, the role of libraries in the structure of communication channels, the quality of library activities. In this connection, Khabarovsk State Institute of Culture has introduced in the curricular of students majoring in “Management of Library and Information Activities” disciplines “Sociological research in library and information science” and “Marketing research in library and information science”. Training has practice-oriented character, it means that every student performs his own research as a course project. The final qualification work is aimed at working out a development strategy for a particular library (a research base) taking into account specific situation. It is based on gathering data (sociological survey), and their interpretation using the research methods according to the adopted program. The program contains the description of the purpose, object, hypothesis, concept, survey frame, research methods, stages of the research. The results obtained and recommendations should be described in the report. During the implementation of the study students acquire the necessary research skills and professional competences in the sphere of library and information activities.

Currently, innovations in the field of information technology are increasingly becoming the key to the company’s success, its main competitive advantage. The library business is no exception in this regard. The purpose of the study is to study the current trends in the foreign market of library technologies as a factor that directly affects the methods and forms of library work based on information provided on the websites of foreign companies, as well as in summary reports on the development dynamics of the market of library technologies. Specialized companies offer to libraries the new resource management technologies, metadata sets for expanding collection or software tools for optimizing electronic catalogues. They are the providers of innovation for libraries, intermediaries between the end user and the advanced achievements of IT technologies.The author notes that among the priorities of the development of library technology industry the unchallenged leadership belongs to library-information systems of the new generation: first, library service platforms that use cloud technologies and service architecture, and second, advanced integrated library systems with the addition of Web modules, Web applications, etc. The hidden spring of the development of foreign market of library technologies is the fundamental change in the concept of library automation, the transition from unified library systems, managing print and electronic resources and basing on client-server architecture, to universal library service platforms with cloud storage.The author analyses in detail the trends of the library technology market in the United States as the most developed and active market, as well as in Europe and Latin America. The article draws attention to the companies — leaders in the competitive struggle in the market of library technologies. The author concludes that reorientation to network technologies means for libraries, on one hand, increase of efficiency, access to up-to-date online information, closer communication with users, reduction of non-core costs, and on the other hand, constant dependence on network service providers, whose set increases proportionally to the growing differentiation of the market, the maximum openness and partial de-specialisation, compensated by active participation in digital Humanities projects, and ultimately, loss of institutional autonomy.

Integration of information and communication technology platforms is one of the incentives for the development of Digital Humanities (DH) projects abroad in their increasingly close interaction with academic, primarily University libraries. The purpose of the article is to analyze the deepening interaction of libraries with DH projects within the single digital paradigm, as well as to analyze new services for project management, data curation, organization of online publications, preservation and exchange of databases, etc. In the era of digital convergence, large scientific libraries abroad are actively developing new models of cooperation with DH projects, forming special service packages for continuous servicing of scientists on the basis of the integrated approach.The article discusses the new concept of library services for DH projects, draws attention to the problem of classification and ranking of library services in order to streamline the work and improve its efficiency, describes the existing multi-level service models developed in the library systems of the major US Universities. In the context of formation of the new package of library services within the framework of DH projects, the article considers the new practices and operational models on which they are based. The author describes the experience of University libraries in the Netherlands and Canada. Under the innovation pressure in the field of library technologies, the service package offered by scientific libraries in developed countries is constantly expanding and modernizing. It includes not only digitization of printed materials, computer assistance, but also management of databases, preservation and exchange of scientific data, organization of digital publications, consultations in the field of copyright protection, etc. Development of new practices in the field of digital services management changes the organizational paradigm of library work, puts forward new standards of professional activity, which require continuous training to meet, i.e. launches an institutional rebranding of the library.

Integration of information and communication technology platforms is one of the incentives for the development of Digital Humanities (DH) projects abroad in their increasingly close interaction with academic, primarily University libraries. The purpose of the article is to analyze the deepening interaction of libraries with DH projects within the single digital paradigm, as well as to analyze new services for project management, data curation, organization of online publications, preservation and exchange of databases, etc. In the era of digital convergence, large scientific libraries abroad are actively developing new models of cooperation with DH projects, forming special service packages for continuous servicing of scientists on the basis of the integrated approach.The article discusses the new concept of library services for DH projects, draws attention to the problem of classification and ranking of library services in order to streamline the work and improve its efficiency, describes the existing multi-level service models developed in the library systems of the major US Universities. In the context of formation of the new package of library services within the framework of DH projects, the article considers the new practices and operational models on which they are based. The author describes the experience of University libraries in the Netherlands and Canada. Under the innovation pressure in the field of library technologies, the service package offered by scientific libraries in developed countries is constantly expanding and modernizing. It includes not only digitization of printed materials, computer assistance, but also management of databases, preservation and exchange of scientific data, organization of digital publications, consultations in the field of copyright protection, etc. Development of new practices in the field of digital services management changes the organizational paradigm of library work, puts forward new standards of professional activity, which require continuous training to meet, i.e. launches an institutional rebranding of the library.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study how Swedish local politicians perceive the impact of public library digital services on public libraries and to discuss how this can affect the sustainable development of public libraries. Design/methodology/approach – Empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews with local politicians from 19 different Swedish municipalities. Data were treated to qualitative content analysis and discussed based on the concept of sustainable organization. Findings – According to local politicians, public library digital services may affect public libraries through changes to libraries’ physical spaces, librarians’ tasks and competencies and libraries’ economic situations. Based on these findings, public library digital services can both strengthen and weaken public library sustainability through, for example, increased access and expenditures, the latter of which may threaten public library sustainability. Research limitations/implications – Interviews did not focus specifically on the politicians’ views on public library digital services but dealt generally with their views on public libraries. To identify reasons for variations in views on this topic, follow-up interviews should be done. Data on views from public library managers would also be of use to determine the degree to which they are shared with local politicians. Originality/value – When sustainability and public libraries are discussed, the focus is generally on the library’s contribution to a sustainable society. Here, the focus is instead on the sustainability of the public library itself.

Computational methods play a central role in modern drug discovery process. It includes the design and management of small molecule libraries, initial hit identification through virtual screening, optimization of the affinity as well as selectivity of hits and improving the physicochemical properties of the lead compounds. In this review article, computational drug designing approaches have been elucidated and discussed. The key considerations and guidelines for virtual chemical library design and whole drug discovery process. Traditional approach for discovery of a new drug is a costly and time consuming affair besides not being so productive. A number of potential reasons witness choosing the In-silico method of drug design to be a more wise and productive approach. There is a general perception that applied science has not kept pace with the advances of basic science. Therefore, there is a need for the use of alternative tools to get answers on efficacy and safety faster, with more certainty and at lower cost. In-silico drug design can play a significant role in all stages of drug development from the initial lead designing to final stage clinical development.

Due to the strong competition that exists among organisations and the rapid change in the business environment, knowledge has turned out to become a key source for organisations to enhance the competitive advantage. Integrating Knowledge Management (KM) and Customer Relationship Management (CRM) process is a new research area, therefore, scientific research and literature around it remain limited. In addition, the impact of KM process on customer acquisition, retention, and expansion to improve customer satisfaction remains under study and report. The aim of this paper is to present a conceptual framework of KM integrated with CRM called Customer Knowledge Relationship Management (CKRM) Process depending on analysis of various models presented in KM and CRM. The main highlighting is laid upon the concepts of the concept of customer knowledge (knowledge about customer, knowledge for customer, knowledge from customer). Therefore, this paper contributes to the development of KM process (Knowledge Process about Customer, Knowledge Process for Customer, and Knowledge Process from Customer). The paper investigated how the companies in Jordan developed KM process to improvement the CRM process. Based on data collected from the company, results from analysis indicated that the KM process had a positive effect on CRM process.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study how the concept “middle archive” is related to the Swedish archival theory and practice, by exploring its background and its practical and theoretical implications. The overarching aim is to increase the understanding of the interrelations between the archival theory and practice, with a special focus on changes occurring in the digital environment in Sweden. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a qualitative study of texts produced between 2010 and 2013, which were read and analyzed iteratively. The research design and analysis is inspired by Dryden (2014) who recommends taking the context into account. The three types of digital repository developed by Millar (2010) are used as a comparison to further extend the understanding of the concept of the “middle archive”. Findings – The findings indicate that the “middle archive” was introduced as a solution to practical problems of managing digital records, and that there is a need to further discuss how the term relates to existing theoretical, legal and administrative contexts. Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to contemporary Sweden. The researcher did not follow the discussions and drafts which contributed to the development of the final definitions of the “middle archive”. Originality/value – The study contributes to the research and development of archival concepts, with a special focus on recent developments in Sweden. The paper highlights some of the challenges relating to archives and records in the context of e- government development.

Responding to the higher restaurant industry competition, the Mailaku Roemah Nongkrong restaurant was not too flexible in facing an environmental changes. It was still using manual technology while there was an advancing technological developments. It was still applying the internal resources for business development. One way to overcome this problem is by utilizing technology and the concept of customer relationship management (CRM). CRM is a marketing strategy to create and maintain customer relationships and reduce the possibility of customers moving to other competitors. This study presented the development and implementation of CRM in a web-based system that was supported by sms gateway technology. The research methodology that will be used in this study consists of some steps, such as library study, observation, interviews, and system development which was divided into analysis, design, coding, and testing. The result was a web-based system was able to manage customer data, product promotion, and customer service management to create good relationships with customers. This system can be as an alternative for restaurants and customers in establishing practical business communication.

A Review of: Corrall, Sheila. "Information Literacy Strategy Development in Higher Education: An Exploratory Study." International Journal of Information Management 28 (2008): 26-37. Objective – To examine the development of information literacy (IL) strategies in higher education by assessing content and presentation of IL strategy documentation, and to explore the application of corporate strategy concepts and techniques to IL strategy. Design – Comparative, multi-case study. Qualitative analysis. Setting – U.K. universities. Subjects – Twelve information literacy strategy documents from ten institutions. Methods – Google was searched for IL strategy documents (restricted to the ac.uk domain), the LISINFOLITERACY discussion list was queried, and the Web sites of all U.K. universities were searched for a total sample of 12 documents at 10 institutions. Results of the data capture were discussed in the context of the literature on strategic management. Main Results – Corporate strategy tools and techniques are extensive in the literature, trending toward an emphasis on holistic thinking and marketing concepts. Many themes identified in the documents were consistent with the literature. While the format and style varied, all documents emphasized the integration of IL into subject curricula. All stressed the need to build collaborative partnerships between library/information staff and academic staff. Significantly, many strategies aimed to reach the broader institution, although poor articulation undermined this ambitious goal. In three, IL intervention was intended for the whole university community. However, the target audience often was not well defined. Seven of the IL strategies identified additional partnerships to effect change at the policy level. Another key theme was the adoption of recognized IL standards; seven proposed the SCONUL (1999) model. All strategies recognized the importance of learning outcomes; six stated them explicitly. Prominent was the integration of e-learning resources, namely online tutorials. Many strategies recognized the need for marketing and advocacy activities. Half considered professional or staff development issues, as supported in the literature. All strategies explained in detail the context of their IL proposals, citing external challenges (growth of digital information, employer demand), external evidence (official reports, benchmarking statements, studies), and internal evidence (stakeholder concerns, institutional strategies) to support the need for IL. The documents specified a range of teaching modes from informal reference desk encounters to strategic positioning in relation to the broader community. Half defined or described IL. Seven documents were labelled strategies, but many did not comply with content elements defined in the literature. Other features of the literature poorly represented in the documents included: the need for well articulated objectives, mission and vision statements, attendance to broader strategic issues, stakeholder analysis, and the prioritizing of IL activities with portfolio development. Only two had action plans. Seven documents were in the public domain. Conclusion – Information literacy is recognized as an essential competence for participation in higher education, the workplace and society, and information professionals have long promoted IL. In response to the changing information environment they have sought to formalize policies and strategies to embed IL institutionally, working collaboratively with key stakeholders in the process. In this study of strategic documentation from 10 U.K. universities, IL objectives were consistent although the format and style of documentation varied. The author concludes that one or more strategic management models or tools available could improve IL strategy development, consistency, and coherency. Most importantly, an overarching strategic management framework should be used to resolve ambiguity and inconsistency, improve articulation, and maximize the effectiveness of strategy documents, thus avoiding weaknesses identified in the study. As noted by the author, the library literature has progressed to include strategic management concepts evidenced, in part, by the number of libraries using Kaplan and Norton’s scorecard system. But improvements can be made: conforming to strategic planning norms could strengthen IL strategy. Elements of models from the public or private sectors might be tailored to meet the specific needs of IL strategies. Further research could identify suitable strategy models for IL development. The process of implementing IL strategy should also be considered in future research. The author notes it would be interesting to explore the relationship between IL strategies and other organizational strategies and to compare IL strategies in other sectors.

Land, labour, capital, raw materials, innovation, human resources, research and development have all been credited as sources of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA). Yet sources of sustainable competitive advantages continuously change, and transformations in the business environment cause shifts in the sources. A viable method to generate sustainable competitive advantages is knowledge management, and this study empirically links the concept of knowledge management to sustainable competitive advantage. The study investigates how knowledge management practices can be employed to improve strategic positioning and competitiveness in service industries, particularly business schools.

4.0 industrial revolution gave birth to robotic technology, digital that has a massive impact on human life in the world, which encourages automation in all business or company activity processes and changes the order of almost every industry in every country. The extent of this change marks the transformation of the entire production and management system of companies in the world. In addition to the potential to improve the quality of life of the world community, it is feared that the industrial revolution 4.0 will take over human work resulting in mass layoffs. The purpose of this article is to analyze the Pancasila industrial relations, skills development and compensation to workers in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0. The method of approach used in this research is normative juridical, which is studying and studying the principles of law, especially positive legal principles derived from library research materials available from the laws and regulations as well as the provisions using the material primary and secondary law. The conclusion of this article is that companies must utilize the functions of Human Resource Management (HRM) and one of them is the function of skills development and compensation. The skill development function is the process of increasing the technical, theoretical, conceptual, and moral skills of workers through education and training, in accordance with the employment needs of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 period. Whereas the compensation function is that the company fairly and appropriately provides direct remuneration in the form of venture capital (money or goods) to workers who are forced to be laid off due to the negative impact of the company applying robotic, digital and automation technology. Fair is interpreted in accordance with the contribution of workers to the company and is feasible to be interpreted at least to meet the primary needs (clothing, housing, food) of workers and their families.

While the Council of Europe as an Intergovernmental Organization has proven remarkably resilient, its archives and records appear to be increasingly fragile. This article documents and analyses the development of records management and archives management within the Council of Europe between 2000 and 2003. This was a period that saw major changes in the way that records were treated in the organization, notably the preparation and implementation of an organization-wide archives policy, and the introduction of an archives management training programme for Council of Europe staff. The concept of archives and records was extended from paper to electronic and audio-visual materials. An internal network of archive correspondents was introduced to increase communication, consultation, co-ordinate RM and facilitate the implementation of the archives policy, and a series of measures was taken to improve access to the archives and records. It was during this period that the first steps were taken in the introduction of archives and records management standards ISAD(G) and ISO 15489. The article highlights the lack of continuity of RM and the increasing vulnerability of records within the organization, suggesting that the lack of professional staff is the most critical issue; the analysis of the developments in this period also illustrates the impact that personal initiatives can have in such a context.

Purpose The purpose of this article is to introduce micro-credentials as an innovative, personalized professional development modality. With traditional time bound professional development (PD) offering largely whole group instruction with little feedback or a focus on skill mastery, micro-credentials have the ability to develop educator skills, provide relevant content, encourage flexibility, and measure earner mastery. Although relatively new, state leaders and administrators are exploring the use of micro-credentials to improve educator practice at the individual level. Such efforts encourage systems change aligned with new technologies and advancements. Design/methodology/approach This article is designed to review the impetus for the use of micro-credentials in education and the potential this personalized professional development has to change and improve traditional support of educators' professional growth and skill development. We structured the article to first introduce the possibilities micro-credentials (MCs) have in initiating systems change in education. We then define MCs and explore their use in state policy. Additionally, we present the benefits MCs offer and how an individual would select and complete one. To conclude, we connect all elements in the article and emphasize the need for further research and analysis. Findings Findings from our review indicate that 9 states are currently exploring the use of micro-credentials in their state ESSA plans. We recognize that there are several benefits of micro-credentials that make them appealing to state leaders and administrators. These include personalization, competency, flexibility, cost efficiency, and collaboration. It is noted that a large number of organizations are offering micro-credentials and it is most often the responsibility of educators to determine which micro-credentials meet their needs and may be utilized for continuing education credit. Steps in earning micro-credentials are similar across platforms, though content, assessment expectations, and depth vary widely. Originality/value Rapid strides in technology have created change and advancements to societal norms, required workforce skillsets, and personalization. As a result, leaders in education are exploring new and innovative ways to provide professional development to educators. This article will introduce the concept of micro-credentials and explore their focus on personalization, competency-based learning, flexibility and skill development. Individuals interested in shifting the delivery and methodology of traditional PD will be intrigued by the potential micro-credentials offer and the work that is currently being done to explore this PD option.

A Review of: Kautonen, H., & Nieminen, M. (2018). Conceptualising benefits of user-centred design for digital library services. LIBER Quarterly, 28(1), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.18352/lq.10231 Abstract Objectives – The study has two central objectives: to examine the conceptual elements of evaluating and managing user-centred design (UCD) performance in library settings; and to propose a new framework, the 360-Degree Temporal Benefits Model (360°TB Model), that assesses value-based evaluation of UCD performance in libraries. Design – Data collection and analysis were conducted through literature reviews, case studies, semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, and reviews of digital library service documents. Setting – Two digital library service environments in Finland that use UCD approaches: one located at the National Digital Library and the other at a medium-sized special library. Subjects – There were 17 participants representing internal and external stakeholder groups such as digital service designers, end-users, and consumer organizations. Method – Through a literature review, the authors studied several topics related to UCD services including digital services, design management, public value frameworks, and services. They examined literature from two theoretical perspectives: 1) performance management, which explains why and how performance evaluation is necessary for public services, and 2) temporality, the concept of time in relation to service provision. This lens allowed the authors to identify existing knowledge gaps in professional literature and define key concepts. The literature review informed the framework for the 360°TB Model. Two digital library settings tested the model and served as case studies in the paper. Data collection activities in this phase included reviews of existing project documentation and semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, at which time participants were also asked to complete an online questionnaire. The authors recorded and transcribed the interviews and combined these results with comments derived from questionnaires. Finally, participants received the data collected from their interview sessions and were asked to review and validate their answers. Main Results – The most significant result is the development of the 360°TB Model. The framework combines three components to evaluate UCD design: the identification of stakeholders; the benefits of UCD services; and the temporal phases (e.g., process-time, use time, and future service provisions) of UCD design efforts and outcomes. The authors summarize the relationship between the components of the framework as follows: “a Stakeholder anticipates Benefits of the design in different Phases” (p. 8). Regarding the case studies, the authors captured a range of diverse opinions through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Participants in Case 1 selected a range of benefits and there was little consistency in responses. However, two-thirds of participants in Case 2 selected quality of services as the most desirable benefit of UCD, while the remaining one-third selected options such as process time and societal problem solving. The participants stated that the 360°TB Model provided authority in matters of design goals. It was challenging to capture temporality in design performance because it is not easy to specify goals or state the anticipated benefits of design activities in library settings. This is because the impact of design is indirect and cannot be easily quantified or isolated from the larger context of the library environment. The model provides a method to justify managerial choices regarding UCD and frame service changes around phases of development (e.g., process-time, use-time, and future service provisions). Conclusion – The 360°TB Model pushes assessment activities beyond organization-centric evaluations and into intra-organizational and polycentric perspectives. It reaches beyond the boundaries of the institution to capture diverse viewpoints and service needs of external stakeholders. Finally, the 360°TB Model bridges the theoretical gap between Public Value frameworks and real-world information environments through the use of three key concepts: stakeholders, benefits, and phases.

Purpose This paper aims to discuss leadership development with social construction as the underpinning theory. Design/methodology/approach This is an autoethnographic study of the author’s insights from teaching leadership from a social construction perspective. Findings The social construction approach to leadership looks and behaves as a threshold concept in leadership. It takes students’ learning to a higher level, opens up a new curriculum, and changes their understanding of leadership for good. Originality/value The discovery that the social construction approach to leadership looks and behaves as a threshold concept suggests that there is something fundamentally important with this perspective. It positions the social construction approach as an overarching theory that helps students re-evaluate, appreciate, and find value in traditional leadership theories.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report the training of college librarians, academic and management staff, IT managers and students on how to organise, manage and use a user-friendly library. In Uganda, as in many countries, the problem is that school and/or college libraries are managed by librarians who may have good cataloguing and management skills, but who do not have the pedagogic skills and knowledge of the school curricula that are necessary for librarians to be able to guide and mentor both teachers and students or organise curriculum-related activities or facilitate research. The development of user-friendly libraries contributes in improving education quality through nurturing the interest of students and teachers in literacy activities and active search for knowledge. Under the stewardship of the Belgium Technical Cooperation and the Ministry of Education in Uganda, library stakeholders were trained on how to put users – rather than themselves – in the centre of the library’s operations and introduced to active teaching and learning methodologies and activities with emphasis on getting engaged in transforming spaces, services, outreach to users and collections. Several measures, short and long term were taken to address the gaps limiting the performance of the librarians. Given the disparities in the trainees’ education level and work experience, the training was delivered in seven modules divided into three units for over eight months in 2015. By the end of the training, trainees developed unique library strategic plan, library policies and procedures, capacity to use library systems, physical design and maintenance systems, partnerships, library structure and staff job descriptions. Design/methodology/approach To effectively engage the participants each topic was conducted using active teaching and learning (ATL) methodologies, including: lecture with slides and hands-on practice – each topic was introduced in a lecture form with slides and hands-on exercises. The main goal was to introduce the participants to the concepts discussed, offer opportunities to explore alternative approaches, as well define boundaries for discussion through brainstorming. The question-answer approach kept the participants alert and to start thinking critically on the topic discussed – brainstorming sessions allowed thinking beyond the presentation room, drawing from personal experiences to provide alternatives to anticipated challenges. The goal here was for the participants to provide individual choices and approaches for real life problems; group discussions: case study/ scenario and participant presentations – participants were provided with a scenario and asked to provide alternative approaches that could solve the problem based on their personal experience at their colleges. By the end of the group discussion, participants presented a draft of the deliverable as per the topic under discussion. More so, group discussions were an excellent approach to test participant’s teamwork skills and ability to compromise, as well as respecting team decisions. It was an opportunity to see how librarians will work with the library committees. Group discussions further initiated and cemented the much-needed librarian–academic staff – college management relationship. During the group discussion, librarians, teaching staff, ICT staff and college management staff, specifically the Principals and Deputy Principals interacted freely thus starting and cultivating a new era of work relationship between them. Individual presentation: prior to the workshop, participants were sent instructions to prepare a presentation on a topic. For example, participants were asked to provide their views of what a “user-friendly library” would look like or what would constitute a “user-friendly library”; the college library of HTC-Mulago was asked to talk about their experience working with book reserves, challenges faced and plans they have to address the challenges, while the college librarian from NTC-Kaliro was asked to describe a situation where they were able to assist a patron, the limitations they faced and how they addressed them. Doing so did not only assist to emotionally prepare the participants for the training but also helped to make them start thinking about the training in relation to their libraries and work. Take-home assignment: at the end of each session, participants were given home assignments to not only revise the training material but also prepare for the next day training. Further the take-home assignments provided time for the participants to discuss with their colleagues outside of the training room so as to have a common ground/ understanding on some of the very sensitive issues. Most interesting assignment was when participants were asked to review an article and to make a presentation in relation to their library experiences. Participant reports: participant reports resulted from the take-home assignments and participants were asked to make submission on a given topic. For example, participants were asked to review IFLA section on library management and write a two-page report on how such information provided supported their own work, as well as a participant report came from their own observation after a library visit. Invited talks with library expert: two invited talks by library experts from Consortium of Uganda University Libraries and Uganda Library and Information Science Association with the goal to share their experience, motivate the participants to strive higher and achieve great things for their libraries. Library visitation: there were two library visits conducted on three separate days – International Hospital Kampala (IHK) Library, Makerere University Library and Aga Khan University Hospital Library. Each of these library visits provided unique opportunities for the participants to explore best practices and implement similar practices in their libraries. Visual aids – videos, building plans and still photos: these were visual learning aids to supplement text during the lectures because they carried lot of information while initiating different thoughts best on the participants’ past experience and expertise. The training advocated for the use of ATL methodologies and likewise similar methodologies were used to encourage participants do so in their classrooms. Findings Addressing Key Concerns: Several measures, both long and short term, were taken to address the gaps limiting the performance of the librarians. The measures taken included: selected representative sample of participants including all college stakeholders as discussed above; active teaching and learning methodologies applied in the training and blended in the content of the training materials; initiated and formulated approaches to collaborations, networks and partnerships; visited different libraries to benchmark library practices and encourage future job shadowing opportunities; and encouraged participants to relate freely, understand and value each other’s work to change their mindsets. College librarians were encouraged to ensure library priorities remain on the agenda through advocacy campaigns. Short-term measures: The UFL training was designed as a practical and hands-on training blended with individual and group tasks, discussions, take-home assignments and presentations by participants. This allowed participates to engage with the material and take responsibility for their own work. Further, the training material was prepared with a view that librarians support the academic life of teaching staff and students. Participants were tasked to develop and later fine-tune materials designed to support their work. For example, developing a subject bibliography and posting it on the library website designed using open source tools such as Google website, Wikis, blogs. The developed library manual includes user-friendly policies and procedures referred to as “dos and don’ts in the library” that promote equitable open access to information; drafting book selection memos; new book arrivals lists; subscribing to open access journals; current awareness services and selective dissemination of information service displays and electronic bulletins. Based on their library needs and semester calendar, participants developed action points and timelines to implement tasks in their libraries at the end of each unit training. Librarians were encouraged to share their experiences through library websites, Facebook page, group e-mail/listserv and Instagram; however, they were challenged with intimate internet access. College libraries were rewarded for their extraordinary job. Given their pivotal role in the management and administration of financial and material resources, on top of librarians, the participants in this training were college administrators/ management, teaching and ICT staff, researchers and student leadership. Participants were selected to address the current and future needs of the college library. These are individuals that are perceived to have a great impact towards furthering the college library agenda. The practical nature of this training warranted conducting the workshops from developed but similar library spaces, for example, Aga Khan University Library and Kampala Capital City, Makerere University Library, International Hospital Kampala Library and Uganda Christian University Library. Participants observed orientation sessions, reference desk management and interviews, collection management practices, preservation and conservation, secretarial bureau management, etc. Long-term measures: Changing the mindset of librarians, college administrators and teaching staff is a long-term commitment which continues to demand for innovative interventions. For example: job shadowing allowed college librarian short-term attachments to Makerere University Library, Uganda Christian University Library, Aga Khan Hospital University Library and International Hospital Kampala Library – these libraries were selected because of their comparable practices and size. The mentorship programme lasted between two-three weeks; on-spot supervision and follow-up visits to assess progress with the action plan by the librarians and college administration and college library committee; ensuring that all library documents – library strategic plan, library manual, library organogram, etc are approved by the College Governing Council and are part of the college wide governing documents; and establishing the library committee with a job description for each member – this has strengthened the library most especially as an advocacy tool, planning and budgeting mechanism, awareness channel for library practices, while bringing the library to the agenda – reemphasizing the library’s agenda. To bridge the widened gap between librarians and the rest of the stakeholders, i.e. teaching staff, ICT staff, college administration and students, a college library committee structure and its mandate were established comprising: Library Committee Chairperson – member of the teaching staff; Library Committee Secretary – College Librarian; Student Representative – must be a member of the student Guild with library work experience; and Representative from each college academic department. A library consortium was formed involving all the four project supported colleges to participate in resource sharing practices, shared work practices like shared cataloguing, information literacy training, reference interview and referral services as well a platform for sharing experiences. A library consortium further demanded for automating library functions to facilitate collaboration and shared work. Plans are in place to install Koha integrated library system that will cultivate a strong working relationship between librarians and students, academic staff, college administration and IT managers. This was achieved by ensuring that librarians innovatively implement library practices and skills acquired from the workshop as well as show their relevance to the academic life of the academic staff. Cultivating relationships takes a great deal of time, thus college librarians were coached on: creating inclusive library committees, timely response to user needs, design library programmes that address user needs, keeping with changing technology to suite changing user needs, seeking customer feedback and collecting user statistics to support their requests, strengthening the library’s financial based by starting a secretarial bureau and conducting user surveys to understand users’ information-seeking behaviour. To improve the awareness of new developments in the library world, college librarians were introduced to library networks at national, regional and international levels, as a result they participated in conferences, workshops, seminars at local, regional and international level. For example, for the first time and with funding from Belgium Technical Cooperation, college librarians attended 81st IFLA World Library and Information Congress in South African in 2015. College libraries are now members of the Consortium of Uganda University Libraries and Uganda Library and Information Science Association and have attended meetings of these two very important library organisations in Uganda’s LIS profession. The college librarians have attended meetings and workshops organized by these two organisations. Originality/value At the end of the three units training, participants were able to develop: a strategic plan for their libraries; an organogram with staffing needs and job description matching staff functions; a Library Committee for each library and with a structure unifying all the four project-support Colleges; a library action plan with due dates including deliverables and responsibilities for implementation; workflow plan and organisation of key sections of the library such as reserved and public spaces; furniture and equipment inventory (assets); a library manual and collection development policy; partnerships with KCCA Library and Consortium of Uganda University Libraries; skills to use Koha ILMS for performing library functions including: cataloguing, circulation, acquisitions, serials management, reporting and statistics; skills in searching library databases and information literacy skills; skills in designing simple and intuitive websites using Google Sites tools; and improved working relationship between the stakeholders was visible. To further the user-friendly libraries principle of putting users in the centre of the library’s operations, support ATL methodologies and activities with emphasis on getting engaged in transforming spaces, services, outreach to users and collections the following initiatives are currently implemented in the colleges: getting approval of all library policy documents by College Governing Council, initiating job shadowing opportunities, conducting on-spot supervision, guide libraries to set up college library committees and their job description, design library websites, develop dissemination sessions for all library policies, incorporate user-friendly language in all library documents, initiate income generation activities for libraries, set terms of reference for library staff and staffing as per college organogram, procurement of library tools like DDC and library of congress subject headings (LCSH), encourage attendance to webinars and space planning for the new libraries.

As the offshoring of knowledge work has accelerated, theoretical models to explain the phenomenon have not kept up. Most theoretical models assume a static transactional relationship from various factors to a binary offshoring decision. Such models do not take into account the mix of sourcing choices at the level of a firm, nor do they consider dynamic changes over time. To help fill these gaps, we use five case studies on offshore migration of software work by major US companies. Data were collected from senior executives. We use these data to develop a dynamic conceptual model that incorporates three factor groupings which collectively help explain offshore sourcing outcomes: (1) economic factors; (2) the nature of the development activity; and (3) managerial capabilities and practices. Importantly, the model includes five feedback loops among sourcing decisions, sourcing mix, and these three factors. Thus, the relationships in the model are not unidirectional, nor static; rather, they are Iterative and dynamic, involving feedback loops, learning, and cumulative effects over time. In this dynamic model, the sourcing ‘mix,’ a continuously changing offshore portfolio, is a key firm-level dependent variable, closer to the economic concept of a ‘stock’ measure that represents the cumulative effect of sourcing decisions over time. This variable may be measured in different ways, for instance as the amount of work done offshore, or the number of workers employed offshore.

This paper locates the discussion around the finalization thesis in a broader science policy context, linking it to the recent discourse on a changing science-society contract. It is argued that the broadening of the Kuhnian concept of the paradigm, making it amenable to science policy studies, was an important move. Further development of this notion, however, standed on the prongs of critique coming from both the worlds of politics and science. At the same time, advances in the cognitive sociology of science undermined the internalist/externalist distinction. Today, with certain changes in the conditions of research due to the introduction of the concept of “strategic research”, politicians are more apt to accept certain points of the thesis; scientific communities, on the other hand, perceive new threats to their autonomy. This paper tries to make sense of this new situation by translating the question of interplay between internal and external dynamics of research into one involving boundary management and epistemic criteria. The notion of “epistemic drift” is introduced and the internalist/externalist distinction refurbished in neo-institutionalist terms, making use of the concept of interfoliating credibility cycles.

Abstract. Within the ERA-NET co-funded ACT project Pre-ACT (Pressure control and conformance management for safe and efficient CO2 storage – Accelerating CCS Technologies), a monitoring concept was established to distinguish between CO2 induced saturation and pore pressure effects. As part of this monitoring concept, geoelectrical cross-hole surveys have been designed and conducted at the Svelvik CO2 Field Lab, located on the Svelvik ridge at the outlet of the Drammensfjord in Norway. The Svelvik CO2 Field Lab has been established in summer 2019, and comprises four newly drilled, 100 m deep monitoring wells, surrounding an existing well used for water and CO2 injection. Each monitoring well was equipped with modern sensing systems including five types of fiber-optic cables, conventional- and capillary pressure monitoring systems, as well as electrode arrays for Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surveys. With a total of 64 electrodes (16 each per monitoring well), a large number of measurement configurations for the ERT imaging is possible, requiring the performance of the tomography to be investigated beforehand by numerical studies. We combine the free and open-source geophysical modeling library pyGIMLi with Eclipse reservoir modeling to simulate the expected behavior of all cross-well electrode configurations during the CO2 injection experiment. Simulated CO2 saturations are converted to changes in electrical resistivity using Archie's Law. Using a finely meshed resistivity model, we simulate the response of all possible measurement configurations, where always two electrodes are located in two corresponding wells. We select suitable sets of configurations based on different criteria, i.e. the ratio between the measured change in apparent resistivity in relation to the geometric factor and the maximum sensitivity in the target area. The individually selected measurement configurations are tested by inverting the synthetic ERT data on a second coarser mesh. The pre-experimental, numerical results show adequate resolution of the CO2 plume. Since less CO2 was injected during the field experiment than originally modeled, we perform post-experimental tests of the selected configurations for their potential to image the CO2 plume using revised reservoir models and injection volumes. These tests show that detecting the small amount of injected CO2 will likely not be feasible.

Purpose The study aims to address what is organizational cynicism, review past literature to find out what leads to organizational cynicism, its consequences for organizations, and pinpoint practical implications for managers. Design/methodology/approach This review is prepared by an independent writer who has amalgamated several other voices from different researchers/scholars and finally, adds his own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings The effects of organizational cynicism on employees are strong and rising. The review points to the need for paying serious attention to the concept of “organizational cynicism”, which is an attitudinal negativity and if left unchecked, can cost the organization dearly. However, with interventions in place, perhaps, organizations can control the negative effects of organizational cynicism. Originality/value Based on a selective literature review, the article anchors on the change perspective of organizational cynicism and offers a number of learning and development implications for managers.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to bring the discussion on the relationship between management and medicine a step forward by focussing on: first, how the notion of hybrid and hybridity has been used in the literature on healthcare management. Second, the authors have mapped the alternative ways that the concept have been used in order to conceptualize a more specific set of possible combinations of managerial and professional roles in healthcare management. Hybrid management is a topic that ought to be important for training, communication among researchers and for identifying areas of future research: in management, in healthcare reforms, in sociology of professions and in theory of organizations. Design/methodology/approach – The authors provide a systematic literature review in order to map the various conceptualizations of hybrid management. The authors have searched for “hybrid leadership,” “hybrid management” combined with hospitals and health care in a whole range of journals, identified in Google scholar, Academic Search Premier, Academic Research Library and Sage Publication. The authors have also used already existing literature reviews. The search has resulted in more than 60 articles and book titles that have been classified according to whether they make a fit with three alternative ways of conceptualizing hybrid management. The authors are aware that they might have missed some relevant literature but the literature included is quite comprehensive. Findings – In the literature the authors have found three conceptualizations of management. The clinical manager who combines professional self-governance with a general management logic. The commercialized manager who combines professional self-governance with an enterprise logic. The neo-bureaucratic manager who combines self-governance with a neo-bureaucratic logic. Originality/value – In most analyses of hybridity in management and organization the notion of hybrid has been used in a rather superficial way. By mapping the various uses of hybrid in the literature and suggest how a professional logic may be combined with a set of alternative logics of management the authors provide a platform for developing the concept of hybrid management into a more useful tool for analyses of changes in healthcare management.

“School/madrasah as an educational institution is an institution that serves as an agent of change to solve the nation's problems. Therefore, in order to produce the quality of education, it is necessary to implement the concept of TQM (Total Quality Management) that in history has successfully led the business world in creating production quality best and can even exceed the satisfaction of customers standard. This study used a qualitative approach with methods of library research. The formulation of the problem involves understanding implementation of TQM, TQM in education, implementation of TQM principles in educational institutions, the pillars of TQM in educational institutions, measures the implementation of TQM in education and description of the failure in the implementation of TQM. The study results were obtained, among others; The first, implementation of total quality management (TQM) is an implementation or embodiment of a management concept that involves all components in the organization to jointly contribute to the organization's policies oriented to the improvement of product quality to customer satisfaction. Second, in educational institutions, implementation of TQM are used to improve administrative functions and operations, to manage the educational process as a whole, integrate TQM in the curriculum, the use of TQM in teaching methods in the classroom, the use of TQM for managing research and development activities. In addition, educators must be responsible for their duties proactively, they must develop a problem-solving process that makes sense and can identify and towards the main cause, capable of being the organization model and can measure what's working well and what is not, so that we will get a good system in institutional schools / madrasah. Third, in applying TQM, there are some principles that should be held, among others; focusing on consumers (users of educational services), broad involvement (teachers, staff, students, and community), their measurements, to understand education as a system, and their continuous improvement. Fourth, the five main pillars of TQM here are their products, relying on the process undertaken, the leader who moves in producing quality products, and a commitment among the leaders in the organization. Fifth, steps in implementing TQM in educational institutions include; the preparatory phase, the planning phase and the implementation phase. Sixth, the failure may occur in implementing TQM in educational institutions, if; there is a gap in the commitment of top management, one focus of attention, lack of adequate staff and support, relying solely training, the hope of obtaining results of a moment and force adopt a method that doesn’t comply with the requirement.”

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce an unconventional approach to personality and motivation, known as reversal theory, and to bring out some of its challenging practical implications, especially for organizations. The theory emphasizes frequent change and people’s tendency to “zigzag” creatively through life rather than be limited by fixed traits, or types, which limit their capabilities. Design/methodology/approach The paper introduces some basic concepts of the reversal theory. Findings Research shows, among other things, that there are four basic pairs of motivational states that people reverse between in the course of everyday life, that individuals vary in terms of their degree of “motivational intelligence”, and that organizations have contrasting emotional “microclimates” that can be controlled and changed by leaders as needs change. Research limitations/implications The theory has been developed from some 40 years of dedicated psychological research – observational, clinical, psychometric, and experimental – in many different countries and on a wide variety of topics. Practical implications The psychological theory was developed originally from work in clinical and counseling psychology and has always had an applied orientation. Practical concepts touched on in this paper include motivational intelligence, psychological reversal, and microclimates. These ideas have been applied in many different fields including personal and leadership development, workplace satisfaction, and customer relations. Originality/value The theory clearly contrasts with other psychological theories, has empirical support, and has proved itself in various applied contexts.

Background Electronic health (eHealth) is a rapidly evolving field informed by multiple scientific disciplines. Because of this, the use of different terms and concepts to explain the same phenomena and lack of standardization in reporting interventions often leaves a gap that hinders knowledge accumulation. Interventions focused on self-management support of cardiovascular diseases through the use of remote monitoring technologies are a cross-disciplinary area potentially affected by this gap. A review of the underlying frameworks, models, and theories that have informed projects at this crossroad could advance future research and development efforts. Objective This research aimed to identify and compare underlying approaches that have informed interventions focused on self-management support of cardiovascular diseases through the use of remote monitoring technologies. The objective was to achieve an understanding of the distinct approaches by highlighting common or conflicting principles, guidelines, and methods. Methods The metaethnography approach was used to review and synthesize researchers’ reports on how they applied frameworks, models, and theories in their projects. Literature was systematically searched in 7 databases: Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Association for Computing Machinery Digital Library, and Cochrane Library. Included studies were thoroughly read and coded to extract data for the synthesis. Studies were mainly related by the key ingredients of the underlying approaches they applied. The key ingredients were finally translated across studies and synthesized into thematic clusters. Results Of 1224 initial results, 17 articles were included. The articles described research and development of 10 different projects. Frameworks, models, and theories (n=43) applied by the projects were identified. Key ingredients (n=293) of the included articles were mapped to the following themes of eHealth development: (1) it is a participatory process; (2) it creates new infrastructures for improving health care, health, and well-being; (3) it is intertwined with implementation; (4) it integrates theory, evidence, and participatory approaches for persuasive design; (5) it requires continuous evaluation cycles; (6) it targets behavior change; (7) it targets technology adoption; and (8) it targets health-related outcomes. Conclusions The findings of this review support and exemplify the numerous possibilities in the use of frameworks, models, and theories to guide research and development of eHealth. Participatory, user-centered design, and integration with empirical evidence and theoretical modeling were widely identified principles in the literature. On the contrary, less attention has been given to the integration of implementation in the development process and supporting novel eHealth-based health care infrastructures. To better integrate theory and evidence, holistic approaches can combine patient-centered studies with consolidated knowledge from expert-based approaches. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42018104397; https://tinyurl.com/y8ajyajt International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/13334

Purpose – In today’s world, organizational knowledge management has become much more important than ever before. Technological developments have made it relatively easy to collect and use almost unlimited data and information, but the ability to do so effectively and efficiently requires much more than a technical solution. Employees need the right skills and expertise to identify, interpret and apply relevant data and knowledge, and the organization must provide an overall environment that is supportive of and promotes data-driven activity, as well as the on-going learning and development that is necessary to underpin this. The paper explores some of these concepts. Design/methodology/approach – Findings based on a literature review and past projects. Findings – Transforming an organization for improved use of knowledge and learning can be expected to deliver far-reaching business benefits that justify the initial time and resources involved. Most importantly, the changes are likely to improve the firm’s ability not only to respond and adapt to changes in the business environment, but also to anticipate these in advance and stay one-step ahead of the competition. Practical implications – An organizational review around this topic should consider the following questions: Are the human resource management systems, such as the performance appraisal system and the rewards and recognition system, designed to promote the types of behaviors and outcomes associated with business success in the new environment? Are employees empowered to make data-informed decisions within their own areas of work, and to form trust-based relationships with internal and external stakeholders? Are the training and development systems effective in equipping employees with the various types of skills and expertise that are important in the new business environment? Do the organizations leaders and managers value, model and promote the values and behaviors now associated with business success, such as transparency, collaboration, and data-driven decision-making? Does the organizational structure support these values and behaviors, for example by encouraging team working or ease of communication with business partners? Are there systems and processes in place for effective storage, management, dissemination and use of both tacit and explicit knowledge? Does the organization have a good understanding of the hard and soft skillsnecessary for effective use of social media in achieving business objectives, and are these in place? Are job roles based on expected outcomes rather than task descriptions, thereby encouraging greater efficiency and effectiveness as employees take advantage of new information, emerging technologies and skills development? Does the company actively seek opportunities for collaboration both within the organization and with external stakeholders, and does it have established mechanisms or processes for communication and information sharing? Social implications – Companies who have adapted well to this new data-driven, trust-based environment see positive results: a major international business survey found that respondents who were strong, effective users of business information and analytics were twice as likely to be top performers in their industry compared with those who were not heavy users of information and data. Originality/value – Use of the “art and science” concept in examining this topic.

This article is about a proposal to develop a component-based design (CBD) framework of the international information technology standardization (IITS) process. This process is criticized widely in information systems (IS) literatures for its complexity as a barrier to successful project development. These criticisms have not challenged this process itself or accede to proactive action toward positive changes. We stress the importance of reconstructing this process within a CBD framework, not only to reduce sources of complexity but also to give special prominence of project development. Primarily, our qualitative empirical case study of five projects is grounded in the organization information processing theory (OIPT) as a lens. Theorizing from the qualitative empirical evidence we define the IITS process, followed by its inductive analysis guided by OIPT as a lens through three levels: its environment, content and performance. Through this lens we articulate assumptions about IITS process complexity. From rich descriptions of this process, we combine selected dimensions of CBD and OIPT as a lens to develop the theoretical depth of concepts that add detail to our CBD framework. One implication for practice of this framework is for provisioning incisive IITS process change strategies drawing upon its dominating qualities. This article makes three contributions to the IS field: this CBD framework is a key contribution. We bridge the gap in knowledge by defining the IITS process, explicating its complexity toward proactive action. By using OIPT as a lens we extend its application.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to address the intersection of two important areas related to employee development: mindsets and self-regulated learning. These concepts suggest opportunities for managerial influence over employee behavior which may ultimately enhance organizational culture and functioning. Design/methodology/approach The concepts of mindsets and self-regulated learning are connected in such a way as to yield some managerial approaches to generate positive outcomes for organizations. A brief summary of the relevant literature provides a base for the positive organizational outcomes that may be obtained through a manager’s combined understanding of these two concepts. Findings Understanding how the concepts of mindsets and self-regulated learning are related can provide managers with tools to be used in encouraging employees toward a strengthened ability to learn, adapt, and become more valuable to the organization. Originality/value Useful approaches to boosting employees’ inclination to learn, adapt, change, and improve performance are developed from existing academic research.

In the last decade, Ghirrah related to the practice of Waqf in Indonesia is increasing in terms of quantity and diversity. For example, continue to increase the land/object of Waqf, the more new institutions that manage the Waqf, the existence of associations and forums for the development of Waqf, and the presence of new types of Waqf, such as insurance. Waqf is a proven system that can contribute to progress, culture, education, economics, social and civilization. In Islam Waqf has been practiced since the time of Rasulullah SAW and has undergone many significant changes ranging from its type, management and purpose. All that demands a new ijtihad ijtihad that can provide an alternative development of Waqf in the present that does not contradict the Islamic Shari'a. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of waqf in establishing student house. Nowadays, worthed boarding house is costly and this has prevented students from getting worthed boarding house. This paper offer an alternative solution to relieve such a situation, namely, through the application of waqf. The study suggests a concept to establish Waqf student house. The data was mainly collected using library research, all the data were analysed using the content analysis method. The findings show that waqf student house can help and support education in university. This article provides simulation scheme for establishing student house through waqf

Purpose This paper aims to advocate that significant human and systems-based capabilities (termed “socio-technical capabilities”) need to be developed in government departments and other public sector organisations to support more effective description of information resources, collections and their context in online environments. Design/methodology/approach The ideas in this paper draw upon the findings of several action research interventions undertaken within a government department in Victoria in Australia since 2011 as part of a knowledge management initiative. Specific focus is given to the design and development of a new record-centric knowledge curation tool (KCT). Findings Effective functioning of KCT relies upon the input of well-structured, standards-based metadata used to describe collections, information resources and their context. The central claim is that the move towards standards-based descriptions will fundamentally change the capabilities required to manage, search for and disseminate knowledge and records. Research limitations/implications In addition to the capabilities discussed, management of records and knowledge through time requires commitments to stable repository, workflow and administrative systems, and working with contemporary systems involves technical knowledge such as the use of application programming interfaces. These aspects are not discussed here. Practical implications The capabilities discussed in this paper are socio-technical in nature. This means there is a requirement to shift current perspectives about who is responsible for managing organisational information as collections. Originality/value While some of the concepts discussed will be familiar to information professionals, the paper provides a unique description of how existing archival and recordkeeping practices are being integrated in innovative ways within organisations outside the information management professions.

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to examine the role of stories in the acquisition and retention of learning over a longer period in case of adult learners over 25 years in age. It compares recall of stories over concepts in two time frames and thus tries to measure the decay in memory. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted on the participants of executive development programs (EDP) conducted by a premier business school of India between April 2014 and March 2015. Participants who have attended a session on leadership conducted by the author, as a part of their EDP, were selected for the study. A total of 259 participants responded, of which 105 belonged to time frame 1 having attended the program between three and nine months, and 154 belonged to time frame 2 having attended the program more than nine months but less than 15 months of the date of data collection. Findings Even after a gap of more than three months, 75 per cent of participants were able to recall two or more stories, whereas only 50 per cent of the respondents could recall two or more issues; 95 per cent of them could identify one story and its clear linkage with the issue discussed. A comparative study of decay in memory in recalling issues over stories in two time frames reveals that decay in issues was between two and four times of stories. Research limitations/implications To argue about greater retention value of learning, a comparative study of sessions conducted on the same theme with the use of story and without the use of story would be useful. A further research would also be useful to study whether improved recall translates into any change in behavior. Practical implications The study is useful for trainers, as well as for corporate. Originality/value The study for the first time has captured the retention of learning over a longer period and in case of adult learners over 25 years in age. No study has captured decay of memory in recalling stories over issues in two time frames.

<p><em>B</em><em>ali as a tourism area that still adheres to the policy of cultural tourism development. Tourism has had a profound impact on the development of Balinese culture. The concept of cultural tourism development is seen as very important and relevant considering tourism as a modern phenomenon contains a number of consequences on the culture of local communities or host. Mandala Tour Wenara Wana District or commonly referred to as the Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Ubud District, is one of the tourist areas in Gianyar Regency. Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Ubud District offers a region of authenticity of species and their habitat which in this case is monkeys. Uniqueness and authenticity of nature is what attracts many tourists to visit there.</em></p><p><em>Based on the background, can be formulated three problems that is (1) How the development of tourist areas Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Ubud District from start pioneered to this day? (2) How is the ritual form of Hinduism conducted as a tourist area in Mandala Suci Wenara Wana, Ubud District? (3) What is the meaning of Hindu religious ritual in the management of tourist attraction in Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Kecamatan Ubud?</em></p><p><em>In this study the goal to be achieved is to examine the problems associated with the management of a tourist area so that it can be used as input and consideration as well as to increase the repertoire of science, especially the science of tourism. The specific objective is to answer the three problems that have been formulated above, this study uses the theory of tourism development, the theory of cultural change, and the theory of adaptation. This type of research is qualitative research with data collection techniques used are: observation, wawacara, library study and documentation. Data analysis is presented in descriptive qualitative.</em></p><p><em>The findings of this research are 1) development of tourist area of Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Ubud subdistrict progressively developed and progressing (2) ritual form of Hinduism which carried out as tourist area in Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Kecamatan Ubud one of them is daily ritual (mebanten saiban ), the monthly full moon ritual tilem (3) ritual meaning of Hinduism in the management of tourist attraction in Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Ubud sub-district has a positive impact for tourists visiting tourist karaja Mandala Suci Wenara Wana Ubud District.</em></p>

Learning outcomes This paper aims to present an opportunity to explore the opportunities and challenges involved in running a business with a strongly ingrained social vision in the complex, multi-dimensional environment of an emerging economy. Key learning areas are as follows: How the concept of inclusive innovation applies to the real-world difficulties faced by businesses operating in informal economies. By exploring the tensions between growth and inclusivity in Silulo’s development, students will grasp the challenges entrepreneurs face as a business starts to gain momentum and change, and gain appreciation for the trade-offs that occur when choosing between franchising and organic growth. The challenges of a rapidly evolving technological environment, the need to adapt service offerings at pace, and the importance of balancing financial considerations with deeper social values will find application far beyond the informal economy context of the Silulo story. Case overview/synopsis This teaching case looks at Silulo Ulutho Technologies via CEO Luvuyo Rani and the challenges he faces in balancing expansion and profitability with its mission of empowering disenfranchised communities – challenges exacerbated by a changing telecommunications environment, with more widespread internet availability, mobile phones and online training courses encroaching on Silulo’s traditional service offering. Complexity academic level This case focusses primarily on the processes of inclusive innovation and is suitable for graduate courses in social entrepreneurship, business model innovation, sustainability, business and society, strategic management, emerging markets, business in Africa and organisational studies in general. The case is suitable for Masters of Business Administration (MBA) and Executive MBA academic programmes and delegates on Executive Education programmes. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship

Purpose Placemaking is an established practice and research field. It takes on a spatial dimension created through a socio-political process where value and meaning are assigned to settings. An emerging concept, sustainability citizenship relies on social actors creating sustainable urban settings by working, sometimes, “outside” formal planning; offering an evolutionary step in the creation and understanding of community realised places. The purpose of this paper is twofold: examine one of Bogotá, Colombia’s informal settlements to explore the placemaking/sustainability citizenship relationship, and use this exploration as a means to argue the appropriateness of sustainability citizenship when investigating/realising settings in Bogotá’s informal settlements. Design/methodology/approach To address the paper’s aim, books, journal articles and monographs related to citizen/community participation, placemaking, citizenship (in Latin America and conceptually) and sustainability citizenship were collected and critically reviewed. Identification of these documents was achieved through a literature review of the library database at Deakin University and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and the co-authors of this paper contributing to and reviewing submissions to the 2016 Routledge publication, Sustainability Citizenship. Field observation and engagement with the citizenry living in the informal settlements of Bogotá, Colombia were conducted at various times in 2013, 2014 and 2017. Findings Sustainability citizenship and placemaking are linked through their “process-driven” approach to realising places and use of the citizenry to enact change. In Bogotá, Colombia’s informal settlement of Caracoli, public spaces are created outside formal planning processes through alternative path dependencies and the resourcefulness of its citizens. Sustainability citizenship, rather than placemaking, can work outside formal planning and manoeuvre around established path dependencies, which offers an evolutionary step in the creation and understanding of community realised places in the global south. Originality/value This paper provides insight into the use of placemaking when explaining the realisation process of Bogotá, Colombia’s informal settlements. The paper’s contents also explore the placemaking/sustainability citizenship relationship, which in terms of the latter is a new citizenry dimension that can be used to provide new insight into the realisation process of public spaces in Bogotá’s informal settlements.

Learning outcomes This case focuses on social entrepreneurship where social externalities lie behind a commercial activity. It aims to help students understand the ins and outs of social entrepreneurship concept and justify its application or not to “The Good Thymes”. It leads to an in-depth reflection in the strategic management field but within the framework of a social enterprise. It presents a good foundation to help students applying the strategic tools to this particular context. It aims to help master’s students in the business field to explain the concept of social entrepreneurship by drawing out its elements from the case study, identify and list the components of business development and management, design "The Good Thymes" business model and list its value chain and evaluate the future orientation of a company based on its characteristics. Case overview/synopsis Young, ambitious, in love with his native village "Kfarhouna", in Southern Lebanon, Fady Aziz, a branding specialist living in the capital Beirut, proposed in January 2016, in a friendly discussion, to the priest of the monastery of Saint-Georges to rent him an agricultural land. He aims to have a reason, at the end of the week, to go up in his village with his family. Skeptical to the idea, the priest accused him of "not understanding anything about agriculture" and challenged him to propose a valuable agricultural project likely to make him change his mind. M. Fady Aziz fought to meet this challenge which will allow him not only to reinvigorate his abandoned village but also to reconnect with his origins. He obtained the right to exploit a plot of land belonging to the Monastery of St. Georges. He had the idea of planting thyme and transformed his "hobby" into the outset of a long journey where his products crossed the borders, under a purely artisanal brand: "The Good Thymes". Today, M. Aziz is facing a new challenge: Would he be able to fulfill all these orders and remain faithful to the philosophy that led him to invest in his village without impairing the natural and artisanal aspect of his thyme? Complexity academic level Master in Business. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Substantiation of the library innovation concept. This conception is a strategy of modern libraries management. Innovations are as a factor and as a tool of library activities. The basis of library innovations are information technologies, and the result of innovations in library work should be to improve the quality and effectiveness of library products and services.

Subject area Innovation, information technology, e-marketing and sales, strategy and entrepreneurship. Study level/applicability The case is intended for use in advanced graduate and executive education level management and technical programs of study. The case is high inter-disciplinary appropriate for all courses dealing in use of innovation, information technology, entrepreneurship, marketing and sales and strategy. Case overview Practo Technologies Pvt Ltd is a company established in 2008 by entrepreneurs Shashank, N.D. along with Abhinav Lal. At Practo Technologies engineers practice to create technology that supports healthcare industry. In India, there is not enough assistance given to the patients in terms of searching for appropriate doctors and fixing an appointment with them easily. The patient's data lie scattered in reports and the patient's medical history goes unrecorded. Practo provides a robust platform for doctors and patients to collaborate together under one umbrella. It provides patients with open basket of doctor profiles and special search based on doctor's specialty. The case showcases the journey of transformation healthcare sector in India has gone through. The change was resisted, it never came that easy! The case explores issues in implementing information technology for clinics and hospitals in India. This case illustrates interesting facts Indian healthcare and the preparation they need to equip with to manage global technology tide. Expected learning outcomes The case can be used for teaching service innovation. Managing innovative practices and low-cost online business models is illustrated. In particular, it deals with how the early start up employs innovation to set up new working ideas. The case is designed to stimulate discussions of broad array of issues regarding deployment of IT services specifically in the hospitals and clinics across India. Evaluate the advantages and liabilities of expanding globally at a very early start up stage. The case focuses on Practo early development with only concept in hand and transforming it into a profit generating business. Evaluate the advantages and challenges of innovation, technology development, deployment and training of manpower to use it. The case offers students opportunity to understand and take view of strategically building early start up and management of concerns with no prior experience. To identify business opportunities and explore various possibilities of expansion into IT healthcare business. The students are given base to explore sales and marketing strategies for online model. The students get overview of cutting edge business offerings and surviving the dynamic competition in the era of globalization. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

In the knowledge economy era, the library will play a very crucial role in the further extension and modification of knowledge. The growing need for knowledge management has influenced every component and operation of a library. Knowledge management requires more effective methods of information handling, speedy transfer of information and linking of information with individuals and their activities. It demands library patron centred development of information systems and services and customisation of information at the individual level. This opinion paper briefly outlines the nature and significance of conceptual changes involved in the practices of library management to their transition of knowledge management and discusses the competencies required for managing knowledge resources.

The article considers the organization and management of the processes of digitalization of libraries. The authors give their definition of the concept of a digital library. The paper reviews the advantages of the introduction of information and communication technologies in modern libraries, the demand for innovative digital library platforms from users. The study formulates frequent problems associated with the use of digital innovations, among which are the difficulties of managing electronic library systems. The authors note the lack of compatibility of the functionality of different platforms, which makes it difficult to transfer and adapt them from one library to another, as well as the difficulties of collecting statistics on the attendance of electronic libraries, available to both operators and users.The research paper raises the question about the development of a single standard of statistics for modern digital libraries. The study notes the necessity of creating user-friendly and understandable interfaces in electronic library applications. The problems of financing the services of digital libraries, library personnel, copyright compliance and dissemination of information about the activities of modern libraries as educational and leisure cultural centers are relevant. The authors point to the rethinking of traditional approaches to library management and the work of librarians as one of the most important tasks of organizing library systems.

Abstract Background and aims The concept of bad posture being a dominant driver of pain is commonly held belief in the society. This may explain the significant attention supportive clothing such as posture-correcting shirts has recently gained in Scandinavia and the USA. The aim of this scoping review was to present an overview and synthesis of the available evidence for the use of posture-correcting shirts aimed at reducing pain or postural discomfort and optimising function/posture. Methods A systematic search was conducted for literature investigating the effect of posture-correcting shirts on musculoskeletal pain or function. PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PEDro and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant literature. Results of the searches were evaluated by two independent reviewers in three separate steps based on title, abstract and full text. For data synthesis, the population, intervention, comparator and outcome were extracted. The quality of the literature was evaluated using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies and the risk of bias was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies – of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool or the RoB 2.0 tool for individually randomized, parallel group trials. The overall confidence in the literature was determined using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE). Results A total of 136 articles were identified and six of these were included in the review. These studies were heterogeneous with regards to aims, outcomes and methods, presenting contrasting results. The overall findings were that posture-correcting shirts change posture and subjectively have a positive effect on discomfort, energy levels and productivity. The quality of the included literature was poor to fair with only one study being of good quality. The risk of bias was serious or critical for the included studies. Overall, this resulted in very low confidence in available evidence. An important limitation of all studies was that they were conducted in pain-free individuals. Conclusions The contrasting findings and the low quality of current literature, questions the intended effect of posture-correcting shirts and whether the changes it creates are in fact useful for clinical practice. Moreover, the findings are contrasted by the available evidence regarding posture and pain with a particular focus on whether this management strategy may have a detrimental effect on people living with musculoskeletal pain. A major limitation to the existing literature on the effect of posture-correcting shirts is that no studies have investigated their effect in clinical populations. Implications Based on the available literature and the major limitation of no studies investigating clinical populations, there is no good quality evidence to support recommendation of posture-correcting shirts as a management strategy for musculoskeletal pain. Promotion of this product may reinforce the inaccurate and unhelpful message that poor posture leads to pain. The efficacy of such garments should be tested in clinical populations and not only in pain-free individuals, to assess whether there is any meaningful benefit of this management approach. Until then, the use of posture-correcting shirts for musculoskeletal pain is not supported by current evidence.

The article discusses the transition to a new stage of civilization, the knowledge society. In the modern world, knowledge is one of the major socio-economic resources for both the individual and the state. Accordingly, the educational strategy of any higher educational institution should be refocused to ensure smooth transition from the traditional model to innovative in order to prepare the modern student for a life in the society where innovation and intellectual resources play the major role. The modern library can act as a control centre of knowledge, integrate with the world information resources and mediate for the user in global information space using the tools and mechanisms of the electronic library. In this regard, the e-library becomes a knowledge management centre focused on the development and maximum use of intellectual potential of library for the purpose of preservation, reproduction, building up and broadcasting of knowledge. The article analyses the opportunities which are given by electronic library for the University.The authors constructed the scheme of interrelation of knowledge and information resources. The article considers the concept of proactive electronic library of the University as a system of information service of readers, the main purpose of which is to provide resources in any form and on any carrier using the classical and network forms of services based on the advanced inquiry services. The authors constructed the model of proactive University library, which is a complex system, incorporating elements of various properties and complexity. The proactive electronic library itself searches for information corresponding to the information needs of the user, without waiting for his request; that can influence the development of his information needs. Thus, the library transforms from a passive storage of information into an interaction partner. Information is automatically selected for the user, relevant to his educational and scientific interests, hobbies and preferred leisure.

In the current information era, the channels of peoples access to information have increasingly shown the trend of diversity and the selection range of information we are facing also has become more broad. As the information storeroom of literature materials and library information, libraries are shouldering the major responsibilities of providing general readers with comprehensive and accurate information of teaching and scientific researches, and they should be adhering to people-oriented concept, change readers concepts, and provide excellent and efficient service to meet knowledge demands of readers to the greatest extent.

Learning outcomes The learning objectives of this case are as follows: identify and understand the major challenges/problems faced by a social enterprise in promoting handicraft business; examine the value chain architecture of handicraft products; assess the role of the protagonist (Sanjay) as a social change agent in shaping a successful social enterprise; assess Sahaj Crafts' initiatives and analyze whether the key intervention/s planned/executed were required for skilling up of rural artisans and upgradation of handicraft business; know the marketing strategies for handicraft products; and understand the “strategies” which need to be applied for uplifting people's lives at the bottom of pyramid in general and for enlivening of artisans’ clusters in particular. The outcomes are as follows: examining the value chain architecture of handicraft product; understanding the difficulties and challenges of structuring a viable social business model; examining the role of Sanjay as a social change agent in shaping a successful social enterprise; and examining the model of Craft Incubation Center and design education proposed by Sahaj Crafts for improving rural artisans’ livelihood and skills upgradation. Case overview/synopsis Sanjay Joshi – the promoter and CEO of “Sahaj Crafts” (a social enterprise established in Western Rajasthan, India), an initiative to strengthen indigenous skills and mainstream rural craft products and artworks – is faced with the question of how to scale up his organization’s operations. Doing so requires that he address these fundamental challenges in terms of – how to deal with unorganized craft communities; match up product orientation to market demands; integrate modern technology / processes in craft business; combat restricted mobility of women artisans; and make effective interventions so that the artisans learn and enjoy working in the current model and solve the financial issues faced by the social enterprise. Providing effective and implementable answers to those questions is vital to Sahaj Craft’s development in attaining its mission to alleviate poverty in the region. Failing to expand operations above a critical scale may leave Sahaj Crafts vulnerable in meeting sufficient demand for contemporary craft products in the mainstream markets. Complexity academic level This case study is primarily suitable for post-graduate level management students to teach the concepts of designing and operationalizing a “social” business model in a social entrepreneurship module. This case study can also be used for highlighting business model innovations in the social sector of emerging markets. The case could be taught in the following academic domains: social entrepreneurship; bottom of the pyramid; social inclusion; supply chain consolidation (vertical integration in a value chain); marketing strategies for handicraft products; branding; brand positioning; cost and management accounting. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship

Subject area Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship. Study level/applicability The case is suitable for graduate (MSc, MBA) and advanced undergraduate (BSc, BAs) students and applicable for course material focusing on social entrepreneurship, social ventures, strategic management, sustainable development and emerging markets. Case overview This case explores Nuru International, a non-profit enterprise established in 2008 with the mission to “end extreme poverty throughout the world”. Jake Harriman, the founder and CEO of NURU, together with his team are on the onset of diversifying crop offerings among Kenyan farmers in an attempt to alleviate challenges stemming from severe climatic changes and low-crop quality. As 2014 is the first year for Kenyan farmers to grow alternative crops, the Nuru team faces the challenging task of convincing farmers to embrace diversification. Additionally, as part of its proof of concept philosophy, Nuru is establishing operations in Ethiopia. There, Nuru has to identify best marketable crops and promote these among Ethiopian farmers while empowering and engaging local leaders in the process. Finally, the team is looking for financing opportunities for Nuru's entrepreneurial mission. Their funding opportunities come from the private markets, the philanthropic market and the impact investing space. They are carefully analyzing these options and looking for alternatives in capital markets. Pondering on Nuru's rewarding experience with KIVA, a Web-based lending platform, the team wonders if crowdfunding may be a viable option to finance Nuru's operations in Ethiopia. They are interested in equity crowdfunding but are not sure what might be the associated opportunities and risks. They, therefore, need to assess the merits of the practice and decide on how compelling it is for Nuru's expansion plans to Ethiopia. Expected learning outcomes The case aims to help students comprehend the role of hybrid organizational designs in meeting broad societal issues such as extreme poverty; evaluate collective impact initiatives in addressing strategic and behavioral changes for organizations operating in contexts of extreme poverty where partnerships are the key for success; assess diverse capital steams for social entrepreneurs and understand how these relate to the stages of evolution of a social venture; and elaborate on crowdfunding as a nascent source of capital for social enterprises. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Purpose – Gamification has been studied in many areas, i.e. marketing, education, training, and psychology. There has been an increased interest in the topic of gamification among scholars in the past several years. The purpose of this paper is therefore to use citation network analysis and explore changes in scholarly interest in the topic of gamification. As a result, four study hypotheses were developed: H1a: the “other” category publications (books, proceedings, etc.) will have a significantly larger frequency when compared with “journal” publications; H1b: the trend line of the frequency of publications will most closely fit the S-curve of Adoption in the adoption of innovations or the spread of new ideas as postulated by Rogers (2003); H2a: there will be a negative correlation between graph density and the number of vertices (publications); and H2b: there will be a positive correlation between average geodesic distance (AVGD) and the number of vertices (publications). Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from three searches for all published works that contained the word “gamification” in the titles of publication (the unit of analysis) from 2010 to 2013. The sampling was conducted via Google Scholar, amazon.com, and the academic library databases, i.e. EBSCO Search, JStor Scholarly Journal Archive, PsychArticles, and WorldCat. Data were analyzed using frequency counts and citation network. NodeXL is a highly structured workbook that includes multiple worksheets and computational functions necessary to store, represent, and analyze a network. Findings – All four hypotheses were supported; the “other” category accounted for a significantly larger number of publications with the word “gamification” in the title; the trend line of the frequency of publications will most closely fit the S-curve of Adoption in the adoption of innovations or the spread of new ideas as postulated by Rogers (2003); there was a negative correlation between graph density and the number of vertices (publications); and there was a positive correlation between AVGD and the number of vertices (publications). Research limitations/implications – It is highly improbable that a “pure” or “random” sample of publications could be collected because it is highly probable that there exists no known, i.e. identifiable and verifiable “true” population of works that include gamification in the title. Practical implications – The study findings have three major implications. The first takes in scholarly communication and the development of scientific knowledge. The findings imply that scholarly communication follows patterns similar to the adoption of innovation. The second implication deals with the topic known as “gamification.” The study findings imply that scholars believe gamification is worthy of serious study as the network of scholars studying gamification is increasing. The third implication of our study relates to the methods used to study scholarly communication. The study findings imply that network analysis can be used to understand how a new concept can be vetted by the scientific community. Originality/value – The citation network analysis of this study provided tangible evidence of how new concepts are vetted, i.e. adopted. Citation network studies thus offer promise for a deeper understanding of scholarly communication and the adoption of new research topics and fields of inquiry. In addition, the findings indicate that “gamification” is a potentially fruitful topic for scholars to continue to explore.