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Journal articles on the topic 'Libya and Tunisia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 October 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hamed, Abdulhamid Ahmed. "Gasoline price gap between Libya and Tunisia." مجلـة دراسات الاقتصاد والأعمال 10, no. 1 (2025): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.36602/jebs.2023.v10.01.01.

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This study aims to explain the real gasoline price difference between Libyaand Tunisia employing the black-market exchange rate between the two countriesduring 2009-2022. The study found a high level of subsidy of the gasoline pricein Libya compared to the global average price which reached about 97.65% of theglobal gasoline price in October 2022. There is also a vast difference betweengasoline price in Libya and Tunisia according to PPP assumption by consideringthe black-market exchange rates between the two countries. It reachedapproximately 36.60, 27.44 times (regardless of transportation c

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Ciarli, Stefano, and Keith McLachlan. "A Bibliographic Review: Studies of Libya's International Borders." Libyan Studies 27 (1996): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900002429.

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AbstractThe Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya has, since 1980, been involved in no fewer than three important judgments at the International Court of Justice at The Hague, dealing with Libya-Tunisia, the Libya-Malta and the Libya-Chad boundaries. The Government of Libya accepted all the judgments made at the ICJ without equivocation.The settlement of the Mediterranean continental shelf issues with Tunisia (1982) and with Malta (1985) may be seen as technical adjustments leading to a fixing of boundaries in undemarcated areas. Both judgments were comparatively favourable to Libya and ex

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3

Michelutto, Lisa. "Egyptian Autocracy Promotion in Libya and Tunisia." Revista Euro latinoamericana de Análisis Social y Político (RELASP) 3, no. 6 (2023): 292–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.35305/rr.v3i6.103.

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TThe basis of this paper is an analysis of el-Sisi’s Egypt’s autocratic promotion of Libya and Tunisia. At the structural level, the paper is divided into three parts: in the first, Egyptian autocracy promotion is analyzed at the empirical level in Libya and Tunisia. As for Libya, rewards prevailed (training the armed forces and selling weapons), although there has been blackmail against Marshal Haftar. Egyptian rewards in Tunisia have been weaker than in Libya: they have been mainly diplomatic. That is why it is possible to affirm that there has been a strong emulation of Saïed towards el-Sis

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Cuttitta, Paolo, and Nadia Chaouch. "Tunisia: borders, migration, solidarity. A country report." Intrasformazione Rivista di Storia delle Idee 12, no. 2 (2023): 13–30. https://doi.org/10.4474/DPS/12/02/RPT632/19.

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From a European perspective, Tunisia is a country of both origin and transit of migration. At the same time, it has long become a country of immigration. Tunisia has recently surpassed Libya as the main country of embarkation for people (both Tunisian and foreign nationals) attempting the sea-crossing to Italy.This report has reconstructed the gradual involvement of Tunisia in the European migration and border regime, by summarizing the main international agreements concluded and national measures adopted from the 1990's to present day.The report has also provided examples of civil society ini

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Adel Al-Hadi Saad, Ali Al-Falah, Mohieddin bin Saleh. "A Bibliographic Study of Photovoltaic (PV) Plans in Isolated Sites with a Focus on Libya and Tunisia." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 3 (2025): 37–49. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i3.3587.

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This paper explores the use of photovoltaic (PV) systems in some of the remote areas of Tunisia and Libya with an analysis of the prospects and economic viability of solar power solutions in these nations. Recalling that both Tunisia and Libya have excellent solar power conditions, PV technology appears as a promising solution to access challenges in the presently unserved and under-served regions. Recently, Tunisia has shown a positive evolution in utilising the solar power in its energy portfolio underpinned by the government polices, incentives and national renewable energy objective of 30%

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BOUGHEDIR, W., M. RIFI, E. SHAKMAN, et al. "Tracking the invasion of Hemiramphus far and Saurida undosquamis along the southern Mediterranean coasts: A Local Ecological Knowledge study." Mediterranean Marine Science 16, no. 3 (2015): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.1179.

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Local Ecological Knowledge of 92 professional fishers from Tunisia and Libya was used to investigate on the occurrence and establishment of the exotic Hemiramphus far and Saurida undosquamis along the southern Mediterranean coasts. According to fisherman’s knowledge, H. far and S. undosquamis appeared in Libya, in 1980 and 1989 respectively. In Tunisia these species were observed afterwards, in 2004 and 2007. Currently both H. far and S. undosquamis result to be well distributed and established, along the entire surveyed area, from Tubrouk (eastern Libya) to Tabarka (western Tunisia). A statis

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7

Najem, Faraj. "Libyan tribes in diaspora." Libyan Studies 34 (2003): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900003447.

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AbstractTribal immigration into and out of Libya has been largely unexplored. This study, based on Arabic and Libyan sources, begins to rectify this. It aims to examine the causes that have led tribes to flee the country voluntarily or by force and will follow the hardship of immigrants during the Qaramanh rule (1711-1835) and their establishment in neighbouring countries.Based on the author's own fieldwork and that of others, the methodology focuses on primary Arabic sources including interviews and oral traditions to establish a chronology of tribal movements to Egypt, Tunisia and Chad. Once

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8

Cremasco, Maurizio. "Two uncertain futures: Tunisia and Libya." Adelphi Papers 28, no. 231 (1988): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05679328808457582.

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Ahmed, Brady. "Organizing the cultural heritage of the Ahaggar through the Diwan of the Al-Ahghar fold Analytical reading of Executive Decree 291/12." international Jordanian journal for humanities and social since 1, no. 5 (2020): Pages: 29–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4636953.

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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong>   The colonial tide peaked in the 19th century, and the European countries began to struggle over the zones of influence and extended their arms to cut off parts of the Ottoman Empire, and this colonial tide began in Northwest Africa, with France occupation of Algeria in 1830, then occupation of Tunisia in 1881, while Britain occupied Egypt in 1882,  which provoked the feeling of colonialism among Italians, and they wanted to have a colonial area like other major powers,  and Italy felt that their power was not complete except by acquiring the

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Rabha, Muhammad Khudair Issa Al-Jubouri. "The Italian occupation of Libya and the national struggle (1914-1918)." international Jordanian journal for humanities and social since 1, no. 5 (2021): Pages : 31–46. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4637029.

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<strong><em>Abstract</em></strong>   The colonial tide peaked in the 19th century, and the European countries began to struggle over the zones of influence and extended their arms to cut off parts of the Ottoman Empire, and this colonial tide began in Northwest Africa, with France occupation of Algeria in 1830, then occupation of Tunisia in 1881, while Britain occupied Egypt in 1882,  which provoked the feeling of colonialism among Italians, and they wanted to have a colonial area like other major powers,  and Italy felt that their power was not complete except by acquiring the

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11

AKKARI, NESRINE, and HANS REIP. "Ommatoiulus ktarii, a new millipede from Tunisia and considerations on the taxonomy of the genus (Diplopoda, Julida, Julidae)." Zootaxa 5231, no. 2 (2023): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5231.2.5.

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A new millipede, Ommatoiulus ktarii sp. nov., is here described from Tunisia based on relatively recently collected specimens from the semi-arid area of the plain of Oueslatia. A description of the external morphology and gonopod structures are provided, proving the new species to be most similar to the only hitherto known schizophyllinine from Libya, Ommatoiulus rimosus (Karsch, 1881) described more than 140 years ago. Photographs of the gonopods of all Tunisian Ommatoiulus Latzel, 1884 species are provided.

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Mathlouthi, Najla, Charbel Al-Bayssari, Allaaeddin El Salabi та ін. "Carbapenemases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Enterobacteriaceae isolated from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals". Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 10, № 07 (2016): 718–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.7426.

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Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase production among clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae recovered from Tunisian and Libyan hospitals. Methodology: Bacterial isolates were recovered from patients in intensive care units and identified by biochemical tests and MALDI-TOF. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion and the E-test method. ESBL and carbapenemase activities were detected using standard microbiological tests. Antibiotic resistance-encoding genes were screened by PCR a

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13

Al-Turk, Halima. "The Arab Springs: A Comparison of the Uprisings in Libya & Syria in 2011." Political Science Undergraduate Review 2, no. 1 (2016): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur66.

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The Arab Springs is known as “a revolutionary wave of demonstrations, protests, riots, protracted civil wars and other forms of opposition (both violent and non-violent) in the Arab territories” (Elfaith. 2015, 121). Starting in Tunisia on December 18, 2010, Mohamed Bouazizi a street vendor, set himself on fire after being harassed by municipal police officials. Bouazizi’s act of self-immolation sparked international attention, leading Tunisia into a revolution. After being in power for 23 years as Tunisia’s President, Zine El Abidine Ben Ali stepped down and fled to Saudi Arabia (Bunton 2013,

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14

Walley, C. D. "Depositional history of southern Tunisia and northwestern Libya in Mid and Late Jurassic time." Geological Magazine 122, no. 3 (1985): 233–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800031447.

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AbstractThe good exposures of virtually undeformed Callovian and Oxfordian strata along the Djeffara escarpment of southern Tunisia and northwestern Libya have allowed analysis of regional depositional history during this time.A number of lithostratigraphic problems are considered. In Tunisia, the Foum Tatahouine Formation is subdivided into members and in Libya some of the stratigraphic issues are clarified. A correlation between the two sequences is proposed. The widely claimed aeolian origin for the Libyan Chameau Mort Sandstone is rejected.The depositional patterns of the Callovian and Oxf

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Kłosowicz, Robert, and Ewa Szczepankiewicz-Rudzka. "Między polityką zaangażowania a pozytywną neutralnością. Libia i Tunezja wobec kwestii Sahary Zachodniej." Politeja 20, no. 1(82) (2023): 309–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/politeja.20.2023.82.16.

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BETWEEN A POLICY OF ENGAGEMENT AND POSITIVE NEUTRALITY: LIBYA AND TUNISIA ON THE ISSUE OF WESTERN SAHARA The unresolved issue of Western Sahara has been causing serious divisions in the Maghreb region for 48 years, which affects not only political relations, but also economic cooperation. The division into states supporting the independence of Western Sahara and those backing Morocco’s position has very strongly polarized the Maghreb region, as well as practically all states of the African continent. Moreover, during the Cold War, this dispute fed into division between states in the Western ca

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Drake, Christine. "Morocco, Tunisia, and Libya: Diversity within Unity." Focus on Geography 49, no. 3 (2006): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1949-8535.2006.tb00167.x.

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17

Lesch, Ann M. "Troubled Political Transitions: Tunisia, Egypt and Libya." Middle East Policy 21, no. 1 (2014): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mepo.12057.

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Hudson, Michael C. "The Middle East in Flux." Current History 110, no. 740 (2011): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2011.110.740.364.

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Rahman, Sainul. "Tensions of The Tension of Sectarianism and the Challenges of Democracy in the Middle East After Arab Spring." Jurnal ICMES 3, no. 1 (2019): 101–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v3i1.32.

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Gelombang Arab Spring pada awal 2011 yang melanda negara-negara Timur Tengah, dimulai dari Tunisia, Mesir, Libya, Bahrain, Kuwait, Arab Saudi, Yaman, dan Suriah menunjukkan kehendak rakyat Arab untuk meraih perbaikan dalam berbagai bidang, mulai dari ekonomi, sosial, hingga sistem politik yang terbuka dan demokratis. Setelah delapan tahun berlalu, beberapa negara masih terus melanjutkan proses demokratisasi, seperti Tunisia dan Mesir. Sebaliknya, di sejumlah negara, proses demokratisasi terhenti, seperti di Arab Saudi, Bahrain, dan Kuwait dan ada pula negara-negara yang terpuruk dalam perang b

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20

Mattingly, D. J., and G. D. B. Jones. "A New Clausura in Western Tripolitania: Wadi Skiffa South." Libyan Studies 17 (1986): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026371890000707x.

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AbstractThis note gives a preliminary notice of the discovery of a further clausura in western Tripolitnia (Southern Tunisia). These linear barriers are assumed to have performed some function in customs regulation and the supervision of transhumance movements in the frontier zone, rather than being defensive barriers as such. The new discovery suggests that there may well be still others undiscovered in southern Tunisia and western Libya.

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21

Maalej, Zouheir A. "Framing and manipulation of person deixis in Hosni Mubarak’s last three speeches." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 23, no. 4 (2013): 633–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.23.4.03maa.

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The “Arab Spring,” as the revolutions in some Arab countries were called by the international media, was triggered by the “Jasmine Revolt” in Tunisia, which provoked a domino effect to some Arab leaders, starting from Tunisia and spreading to Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria, etc. Using the insights of cognitive-pragmatics, the current article shows how the last three speeches of Husni Mubarak, the demised president of Egypt (DPE), framed the revolution in Egypt and filled person deixis. In particular, the article argues that, from the antepenultimate to the ultimate speech, the DPE, unlike his Tuni

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Leenders, Reinoud. "How the Syrian Regime Outsmarted Its Enemies." Current History 112, no. 758 (2013): 331–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2013.112.758.331.

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The Assad government watched how uprisings unfolded in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, took stock of international reactions to these events, and, in response, developed strategies to maximize its probabilities of survival.

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Benallal, Kamal Eddine, Rafik Garni, Zoubir Harrat, Petr Volf, and Vít Dvorak. "Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) of the Maghreb region: A systematic review of distribution, morphology, and role in the transmission of the pathogens." PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no. 1 (2022): e0009952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009952.

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Background Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are important vectors of various human and animal pathogens such as Bartonella bacilliformis, Phlebovirus, and parasitic protozoa of the genus Leishmania, causative agent of leishmaniases that account among most significant vector-borne diseases. The Maghreb countries Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya occupy a vast area of North Africa and belong to most affected regions by these diseases. Locally varying climatic and ecological conditions support diverse sand fly fauna that includes many proven or suspected vectors. The

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Glubokaya, Olga Anatolevna. "External dimension as a panacea? Italy's cooperation with third countries (Libya, Tunisia, Albania) in managing migration flows (2022–2024)." Политика и Общество, no. 2 (February 2025): 99–113. https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0684.2025.2.74748.

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The migration crisis remains the most pressing issue in the Mediterranean vector of Italy's foreign policy. The article examines Italy's strategy of externalizing migration control during the period 2022-2024, implemented by Georgia Meloni's government through cooperation with third countries. The focus of the analysis is on three key areas: traditional partnership with Libya (extension of the 2017 Memorandum), a new deterrence model with Tunisia (EU-Tunisia agreement 2023), and a radical experiment with Albania (extraterritorial asylum processing centers). The aim of the work is to assess the

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Charrad, Mounira M., Amina Zarrugh, and Hyun Jeong Ha. "The Arab Spring Protests." Contexts 20, no. 1 (2021): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536504221997871.

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In this photo essay, the authors examined over 3,500 photos of the early phase of the 2011 Arab Spring protests in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, to capture the meanings that protestors brought to the fore.

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Chetrit, Joseph. "Diversity of Judeo-Arabic Dialects in North Africa: Eqa:l, Wqal, kjal and ʔal Dialects". Journal of Jewish Languages 4, № 1 (2016): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134638-12340062.

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This study presents the diversity of North African Judeo-Arabic dialects documented in an extensive course of fieldwork concerning some one hundred and thirty Moroccan Jewish dialects, both urban and rural. Dozens of additional dialects from Libya, Tunisia, and Algeria complete the global repartitioning of these dialects into four distinct groups:Eqa:l,Wqal,kjal, andʔaldialects. The different dialects in each set share common phonetic, phonological, morphological, and grammatical features. All of them preserve the unvoiced realization of the stop /q/ and articulate it as a uvular [q] (Eqa:land

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Ivashchenko, I. S. "The evolution of the internal political situation in Libya after the overthrow of the Gaddafi regime." Vestnik Majkopskogo Gosudarstvennogo Tehnologiceskogo Universiteta, no. 4 (January 10, 2024): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47370/2078-1024-2023-15-4-22-29.

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Researchers from Western countries and some Russian scientists initially enthusiastically classified anti-government protests and uprisings in the 2010s in a number of Arab countries in the Middle East and North Africa as «Arab Spring» or «Arab Awakening».However, the consequences of these «springs» and «awakenings» in some countries of the abovementioned region caused less delight and more anxiety. Indeed, if Tunisia after its «Arab Spring» returned to stable development, in Egypt one general (Hosni Mubarak) was replaced by another (Abdul-Fattah al-Sisi), then in Yemen, and especially in Liby

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Tlili, Haithem, Khemais Abdellaoui, Manel Ben Chouikha, et al. "First Record of Dericorys albidula Serville, 1838 (Orthoptera: Dericorythidae) in Tunisia and Libya." Zootaxa 4551, no. 3 (2019): 385–93. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4551.3.7.

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Tlili, Haithem, Abdellaoui, Khemais, Chouikha, Manel Ben, Mhafdhi, Mouna, Jemmazi, Adel, Ammar, Mohamed, Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure (2019): First Record of Dericorys albidula Serville, 1838 (Orthoptera: Dericorythidae) in Tunisia and Libya. Zootaxa 4551 (3): 385-393, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4551.3.7

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LAÏDI, ZAKI. "Stability and Partnership in the Maghreb." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 481, no. 1 (1985): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716285481001012.

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This article assesses Soviet policy in the Maghrebian region, comprising Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, and Mauritania. It discusses Maghrebian regional dynamics, as well as specific Soviet relations with Algeria and Libya. Soviet policy is primarily one of caution, because of U.S. interest in the region and because the region is not of strategic significance to Moscow. Soviet regional influence is weaker than that of the United States or France. Soviet-Maghrebian relations in the economic and military spheres are based on a reciprocity of needs and expectations.

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M’charek, Amade. "Harraga: Burning borders, navigating colonialism." Sociological Review 68, no. 2 (2020): 418–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026120905491.

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In this article I introduce the non-English word, harraga, to address the convoluted nature of migration, death, borders and colonial legacies. My empirical material comes from the south of Tunisia. I draw on practices of migration from Tunisia, the extraction of resources and its effect on the economy of the country, and the washing ashore of bodies on the southern Tunisian coast. I also reflect on the recent European border management in this area that is intended to stop migration from both Tunisia and Libya. Harraga (الحراقة) is an Arabic word used in Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. It could

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Lynn, Richard, Saleh El-Ghmary Abdalla, and Alsedig Abdalgadr Al-Shahomee. "Norms for the Progressive Matrices for Libya and Tunisia." Mankind Quarterly 49, no. 1 (2008): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46469/mq.2008.49.1.7.

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Golovatch, Sergei, Jean-Paul Mauriès, Nesrine Akkari, Pavel Stoev, and Jean-Jacques Geoffroy. "The millipede genus Glomeris Latreille, 1802 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridae) in North Africa." ZooKeys 12, no. 12 (2009): 47–86. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.12.179.

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In North Africa, the genus <em>Glomeris</em> is shown to encompass 11 species, all of which are keyed. These include: <em>G. troglokabyliana</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> from several caves in Algeria, <em>G. monostriata</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> from a cave in Libya, <em>G. colorata</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong>, an epigean species from Tunisia, <em>G. anisosticta</em> Brandt, 1841 (still a nomen inquirendum) from Algeria, <em>G. brolemanni</em> Schubart, 1960 from Morocco, <em>G. carthaginiensis</em> Schubart, 1953 (<strong>stat. n.</strong>, elevated from subspecific rank) from Tunisia, <e

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Zalta, Anja, and Primož Krašovec. "Black (and) Christian? New Systemic Racism and the ‘Refugee’ as a Depersonalised Category of Surplus: A Case Study of Tunisian Attitudes towards Sub-Saharan Africans." Religions 15, no. 7 (2024): 863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15070863.

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This article is based on a months-long investigation and aims to contribute to the scientific understanding of the process of racialisation of the sub-Saharan migrants in Tunisia. The starting point of our research was the speech given by the Tunisian president, Kais Saied, in February 2023. In the light of new negotiations with the EU for technical, administrative, and financial support in the management of migration in the Mediterranean, the president emphasised the importance of Tunisia being and remaining Arab and Muslim. The sub-Saharan migrants who have penetrated the Mediterranean area

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Koehler-Derrick, Gabriel. "Quantifying Anecdotes: Google Search Data and Political Developments in Egypt." PS: Political Science & Politics 46, no. 02 (2013): 291–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096513000267.

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The events of 2011 transformed the politics of the Arab world. In just under 12 months, dictators fell in three countries: Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya. In Bahrain, Yemen, and Syria, protests and violence continued throughout 2012 to shake what were once assumed to be the solid foundations of long-standing autocratic regimes. Although it is too soon to assess the outcome of these events, one immediate consequence is clear: the empowerment of public opinion in Arab politics. For the first time in more than 50 years, the voices of average Tunisians, Egyptians, and Libyans can directly influence pol

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Elmighrabi, Nagwa Farag, Catharine A. K. Fleming, Mansi Vijaybhai Dhami, Ali Ateia Elmabsout, and Kingsley E. Agho. "A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of childhood undernutrition in North Africa." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (2023): e0283685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283685.

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Undernutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight) among children remains a public health concern in North Africa, especially following recent conflicts in the region. Therefore, this paper systematically reviews and meta-analyses the prevalence of undernutrition among children under five in North Africa to determine whether efforts to reduce undernutrition are on track to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. Eligible studies published between 1st January 2006 and 10th April 2022 were searched for, using five electronic bibliographic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Scien

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Chinkin, C. M. "Third-Party Intervention Before the International Court of Justice." American Journal of International Law 80, no. 3 (1986): 495–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2201772.

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Until lately, the procedure of third-party intervention before the International Court of Justice provided for by Articles 62 and 63 of the Statute of the Court had been underutilized; as a result, there was scant judicial authority and comparatively little academic discussion on its use and limitations. This situation has now dramatically changed, as three recent cases before the Court have involved claims of third-party intervention: that between Tunisia and Libya, where Malta made the request to intervene; that between Libya and Malta, where Italy was the requesting state; and, most recentl

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Pirrone, N., P. Costa, and J. M. Pacyna. "Past, current and projected atmospheric emissions of trace elements in the mediterranean region." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 12 (1999): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0522.

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This report presents past and current annual emissions of Pb, Ni, Cu, Cd, and V to the atmosphere from major anthropogenic sources in the Mediterranean Sea region and discusses projected emissions for the 1998-2015 period. Gasoline combustion still represents the major emission source of Pb in the urban environment, however its contribution to the regional atmospheric budget is following a downward trend. On a country-by-country basis, spatial distributions of current Pb emissions show that Syria is the leading emitting country with 18.7% of the regional total, followed by Italy (12.3%), Franc

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Geesey, Patricia. "Crowds and politics in North Africa: Tunisia, Algeria and Libya." Journal of North African Studies 21, no. 4 (2016): 713–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629387.2016.1184929.

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Poirson, Timothy. "Crowds and politics in North Africa – Tunisia, Algeria, and Libya." Mediterranean Politics 20, no. 3 (2015): 449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2015.1078098.

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Selmi, Nadhem. "A Fractional Cointegration Analysis of Purchasing Power Parity: Evidence of ELW." International Journal of Management and Sustainability 3, no. 11 (2015): 664–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.11/2014.3.11/11.11.664.672.

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This study examines the long-run relationship between exchange rates and relative prices. We use a long memory techniques that allow for persistence of chock relationships across real exchange rate to examine the existence of weak-form and strong-form Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) between the Tunisian and five partner countries of Tunisia, namely, (Germany, the United States, France, Italy, the UK, Morocco and Libya. The empirical results obtained through the R/S, Modified R/S, GPH and ELW tests; make us consider the PPP as an event in the long run if significant short-term deviations from the

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Akkari, Nesrine, Pavel Stoev, and John Lewis. "The scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha) of Tunisia: taxonomy, distribution and habitats." ZooKeys 3, no. 3 (2008): 77–102. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.3.51.

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The present paper provides a review of the composition, distribution and habitat preferences of the scolopendromorph centipedes of Tunisia. Five (sub-)genera and 8 (sub-)species have hitherto been reported from the country, of which two are of uncertain status. After a study of significant amount of new material collected in the period 2003-2008, 6 species, namely Scolopendra canidens Newport, 1844, S. morsitans Linnaeus, 1758, Cormocephalus gervaisianus (C.L. Koch, 1841), Otostigmus spinicaudus (Newport, 1844), Cryptops punicus Silvestri, 1896 and C. trisulcatus Brölemann, 1902, were found in

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Shehada, Mohamed F., Mohamed Y. Omar, Ahmed K. Mehanna, and Mousa S. Sharedy. "Review of Potential Effects of Oil Spills on Coastal and Marine Resources on Western Libyan Coastal." مجلة علوم البحار والتقنيات البيئية 7, no. 2 (2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/jmset.v7i2.14.

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An oil spill can significantly affect coastal resources and the economy through economic activities that depend on clean seawater, coastal areas, and tourist sites, which may cause substantial economic losses after oil spills. However, this effect usually depends on the volume and type of oil spill and how sensitive it is to coastal and marine resources. Libya has one of the important Mediterranean marine biodiversity hotspots, which is the western Libyan coast that extends from western Tripoli city to the Gulf of Gabes with Tunisia. This work considers some of the effects of oil spills on a v

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TLILI, HAITHEM, KHEMAIS ABDELLAOUI, MANEL BEN CHOUIKHA, et al. "First Record of Dericorys albidula Serville, 1838 (Orthoptera: Dericorythidae) in Tunisia and Libya." Zootaxa 4551, no. 3 (2019): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4551.3.7.

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The humpbacked grasshopper Dericorys albidula (Serville, 1838) (Orthoptera: Dericorythidae: Dericorythinae) is reported here for the first time from Southern Tunisia (Tozeur province) and northwestern Libya. Details on the ecological occurrence of D. albidula are given and compared to available data from Central Asia. A lectotype is designated for D. albidula and its type locality identified as the Sinaï desert in Egypt.

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Izhar, Ahmad. "Civil War in Syria and Libya after Arab Spring." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development 4, no. 2 (2020): 632–35. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3842860.

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The wave of Arab Spring which started from Tunisia at the ending of 2010, by a young graduate and vegetable vender, and after setting himself on the fire due to harassment and insult by a police women, after suicide by the young vegetable vender there's people began the protest against the government and their officials, then soon after this protest transformed as a heavy conflict between Tunisian people and government. And further this conflict followed by Egypt. Soon after this wave sparked in the whole Arab countries as major or minor like Libya, Syria, Yemen Lebanon, Morocco, Jordon an

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Nabavi, Negin. "The “Arab Spring” as Seen through the Prism of the 1979 Iranian Revolution." International Journal of Middle East Studies 44, no. 1 (2012): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743811001310.

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Revolutions are by nature unpredictable and unsettling. That the wave of revolutions in North Africa and the Arab Middle East began so unexpectedly and spread with such speed, leading to the fall of the governments of Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, has added to the concern regarding the “new order” that is to come after the initial euphoria. From the outset, the fear has been that these revolutions will follow the same trajectory as Iran did in 1979—in other words, that they will marginalize those who launched the revolutions and provide the grounds for the rise to power of the most savvy, purpose

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Johansson-Nogués, Elisabeth. "Gendering the Arab Spring? Rights and (in)security of Tunisian, Egyptian and Libyan women." Security Dialogue 44, no. 5-6 (2013): 393–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010613499784.

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During the anti-regime uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya, women from all walks of life were as ready as men to take to the streets to protest against the ineptitude and transgressions of their countries’ governments. Their courage was particularly noteworthy given that they suffered not only the violence of the regimes’ attempts to suppress protests by force, as did their male counterparts, but also a systematic targeting by security forces who attempted to break the women’s spirits through attacks on their honour and bodily integrity. The female presence and agency in the Arab Spring enco

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Maulidya, Al Dina. "Efforts of the Arab League in Resolving the Arab Spring Conflict in Libya and Syria in 2010-2012." Jurnal Studi Sosial dan Politik 4, no. 1 (2020): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.19109/jssp.v4i1.5410.

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Abstrak Musim Semi Arab telah membawa semangat demokrasi di sejumlah negara Arab, seperti di Tunisia, Mesir, Libya, Suriah, Yaman, dan sebagainya. Musim Semi Arab di Libya dan Suriah telah menjadi awal dari konflik sipil yang membawa kesengsaraan. Kehadiran konflik ini membawa keprihatinan bagi dunia internasional, yang ditujukan kepada organisasi regional Timur Tengah, Liga Arab. Wajar bagi organisasi regional untuk berpartisipasi dalam menyelesaikan konflik negara anggota. Untuk alasan ini, penelitian ini akan mencari tahu apa yang telah dilakukan Liga Arab untuk menyelesaikan konflik.

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BAKALEM, ALI, JEAN CLAUDE DAUVIN, and MOHAMED MENIOUI. "Diversity of marine Amphipods (Crustacea, Peracarida) from the North African shelf of the Mediterranean Sea (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt). An updated checklist for 2023." Mediterranean Marine Science 25, no. 2 (2024): 311–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.35974.

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An updated checklist for 2023 is given for the amphipods recorded on the continental shelf of five countries in North Africa bordering the southern Mediterranean Sea: Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. This revision incorporates the checklist of amphipods from two countries, Algeria and Tunisia and provides the first checklists for Morocco, Libya and Egypt. The total number of species recorded in the entire Southern Mediterranean Sea is 454. The number of species is much higher in the western basin than in the eastern or central parts of the Mediterranean Sea. The Algerian fauna accou

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Pickford, Martin. "Arsinoitherium (Embrithopoda) and other large mammals and plants from the Oligocene of Tunisia." Fossil Imprint 73, no. 1-2 (2017): 172–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2017-0009.

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Abstract Palaeogene large mammals are poorly represented in Tunisia, in contrast to Morocco, Algeria, Libya and Egypt, where abundant and diverse faunas are known. Oligocene proboscideans have been recorded from four localities in Tunisia (Djebel Bou Gobrine, Oued Bazina, Bled Mellaha and Djebel Touila) but little else from this period is known from the country. For this reason it is worth recording the discovery of an arsinoithere tooth fragment from the divide between Oued Cherichera and Oued Grigema, Central Tunisia. This discovery confirms the presence of continental Oligocene strata in th

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BELQAT, BOUTAÏNA, PETER H. ADLER, MOUNA CHERAIRIA, and CHAFIKA CHAOUI BOUDGHANE-BENDIOUIS. "Inventory of the Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of North Africa." Zootaxa 4442, no. 2 (2018): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4442.2.1.

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Published records are provided for the 52 nominal species, one undescribed morphospecies, and two cytospecies of black flies known from North Africa, with relevant literature, selected synonyms, and taxonomic comments. Morocco has the greatest simuliid diversity (44 nominal species), followed by Algeria (34 species), Tunisia (18 species), Libya (5 species), and Egypt (2 species). A new site for Simulium ruficorne Macquart is recorded for simuliid-poor Egypt.

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