Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Libye – Antiquité'
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Ben, Omrane Sadok. "La petite Syrte et la Tripolitaine à l'époque punique." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040394.
Full textDuring nine centuries the coast towns from the small Sirte and from the Tripolitania were Punic. From the sixth century b. C. , the Phoenicians had settled along the littoral. Literary source, archeology, epigraphy confirme that there was once a Punic presence all over this area. Tacape, Gigthis, Sabratha, Oea, Lepcis were the Carthage's emporia even after Carthage's disappearance, in 146 b. C. , the Punic culture had been certified. The senate, the plebeian assembly, and the shophet were the most famous institutions. Later, during the Numidian era and from the Roman era to the second century of hours, their culture and civilization testify to the persistence of the Phoenician-Punic contribution
Faucamberge, Élodie de. "Abou Tamsa : étude d'un nouveau site néolithique en Cyrénaïque." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010505.
Full textBentaher, Fuaad. "Recherche sur les monuments et l'urbanisme de Taucheira - Tokra - en Libye." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040081.
Full textThis study concentrates on two major topics : the monuments and the layout of the ancient city of tauchira, and the results of recent excavations conducted at the city under the supervision of writer between 1985-1992. The first part presents a geographical background of the site of the city and an account of its historical developments from its foundation c. 620 b. C up to the arb conquest of 642-645 a. D. The second part gives a systimatic and analytic studies of the accounts of the early voyagers who visited the city, the contributions of later explorers and specialists ; and the excavations carriedout at the site up to 1985. In the third part the urban planning of the town is comprehensively investigated. The exsisting monuments of the city are all fully discussed. Surface survey and limited exploratrations carriedout by the writer confirmed the exciting of two important monuments : a site of an arc and remains of a southern gate. Similar explorations out side the city uncovered important traces of the ancient road connecting tocra with barca. The fourth part is devoted to the 1985-1992 excavations which uncovered the remains of many buildings- mostly houses and produced a vast quantity of artefacts date from the byzantine and roman periodes, but important structures of the hellenistic preiode, namely a kiln, together with evidence of limited occupation of islamic periode are also came to light. The islamic coins of the umayyed period recovered from the site further confirm that the city continued to be occupied well beyond the arab conquest of 642-654 a. D
Marlier, Thomas. "Tradition grecque et innovation romaine dans l'architecture en Cyrénai͏̈que à l'époque impériale: les monuments publics." Paris 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040096.
Full textWhat is the part of Greek tradition and roman innovation in the architecture of an ancient Greek city during the High Empire ? The case of Cyrene and others cities of the region - Apollonia, Ptolemai͏̈s, Taucheira and Berenike - shows that hellenism and romanity are often joint: the great majority of the buildings preserves Greek techniques of construction, but a great part of news or restored edifices on this period recovers roman types, like the theatres, the temples and the monumental arches. The type of roman theater takes the place of the Greek type, the cyrenaean temples imitate the forms of the roman temple with podium and frontal staircase, the Propylaea evolves to the monumental arch, types completely news as the amphitheatre or the basilica appear, and several monumental complexes adopt a roman configuration: the forum of Cyrene, for example, associates a quadriportico with a temple and a basilica. It is not in the political, demographic or social situation that the explications of the roman innovations will be found. It appears that the conservatism of the manners of construct doesn't explain itself by an inertia of know-how : the craftsmen and the architects reproduce simply their customs by using the technical system which they already know. The roman innovation seems to fall within the scope of a simple fashion where the news architectural types are imitated " to seems roman " without new roman customs corresponding to them ; or, more rarely, by diffusion of roman customs : in this case, new types of buildings are necessary: the apparition of the amphitheatre, for example, explains itself by the diffusion of hunts and gladiators spectacles on this area
Grosjean, Sophie. "Le culte de Déméter et de Coré à Cyrène." Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040182.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to study Demeter and Persephone’s singularity at Cyrene. Throught the personnality of the two deities and the rites performed in their honour, we explain how they worship and how original they were. The rapid expansion of their worship in Cyrene and the popular appeal that it raised were due to a prior chtonic goddess of fertility whose personality was strong enough not to be literally swallowed up by the Greek goddess of the colonizers. The Libyan Demeter hides under the mask of a canonical deity, a fantastic green power rooten in the soil and connected to the world of the dead. This is not a simple analogy between two existing cults and cannot occur without a movement of deep faith. The changes undergone by the goddesses of Cyrene existed potentially in the imported deities by the first Cyrenians. But barbaric rituals were introduced to enable them to flourishin Libyan territory. This phenomenon doesn’t merge into a confusion between the characteristics of the Libyan deities and the Greek gods, but rather deities living together and allowing goddesses being richer as they mingle together. Finaly, the contact between the two civilisations did not upset the Greeks and the natives : the Cyrenian Demeter, just like the Libyan deities of fertility, remained totally original even when the syncretism phenomenal took place
Chevrollier, François. "La province romaine de Crète-Cyrénaïque, de Pompée à Dioclétien. Histoire, administration, société." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040077.
Full textThe last twenty years or so have seen a dramatic increase in the interest on Roman Crete, while long-standing archaeological excavations in Cyrenaica (when they were still possible) brought to light lots of information on the Roman period. However, the administrative setting which the two areas lived in during the High Empire remains almost completely unknown because of the historians’ disinterest in this double province of the Roman Empire. Created by Pompey and still a reality during the Tetrarchy, the province of Crete and Cyrene is often thought as a marginal and unsuccessful administrative entity, far away from Rome. The thesis aims at re-evaluating the historical role of the province in the Roman Empire and at analyzing the way local societies reacted to the Roman domination. The first part focuses on the administrative history of the province. The chronology of its creation is studied along with the reasons why Rome chose the administrative solution of the union. The fasti of the Roman magistrates in charge of the province are established and the internal organization of the province is analyzed. In the second and third parts, the life and evolution of local societies under Roman domination are discussed through a prosopographical analysis. Portraying the senators originating from Crete and Cyrenaica as well as the archontes of the Hadrianic panhellenic league and the high priests of the imperial cult gives valuable information on how local elites reached the superior strata of Roman society. But most of the aristocrats were only active locally and never got beyond their own city-states. Several stemmata of local families help to understand how the Roman Empire change the way of representing themselves and alter their strategies of social domination
Albarouni, Hassan. "Les tribus libyennes et leurs civilisations dans l'Antiquité." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040074.
Full textVallet, Matthieu. "Ptolémaïs en Haute-Egypte : une cité grecque au coeur de la Thébaïde (IVe s. av. J.-C. - IIIe s. apr. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010703.
Full textPtolemais in Upper Egypt, settled by Ptolemy (323-283 BC) is the only Greek city-state in the Thebaid until the IIIrd c. AD. Its civic constitution is unparalleled in the area of Thebes, the ancient centre of pharaonic power in Upper-Egypt. Nevertheless Ptolemais is not only a Greek city during the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, but also a town with essential administrative, military, economic and cultural functions in Thebaid. The control of Upper Egypt by the Ptolemies, and after them by the Roman emperors, relies on the town of Ptolemais and its integration in the different power networks in the Thebaid. The integration of the town of Ptolemais in the Thebaid is contradictory with distinctiveness of the civic organization of the city-state of Ptolemais. Thus, this study of Ptolemais during the Ptolemaic and Roman periods focuses on the potential consequences of the civic organization of Ptolemais on its integration in the Thebaid and reciprocally. This thesis is based on the careful analysis of a large amount of papyri and inscriptions in Greek and Demotic with a few ostraka and classical authors’ excerpts. This analysis benefits from the renewal of scholars’ attention to the relationships between Greek cities and monarchical powers in the East. The study of Ptolemais make also the most of the recent works dealing with the progressive development of the Ptolemaic state and the Roman order in Egypt
Marini, Sophie. "Grecs et Romains face aux populations libyennes. Des origines à la fin du paganisme (VIIe s. av. J.-C. – IVe s. ap. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040163/document.
Full textFor a long time relegated to a secondary role in the studies of ancient Cyrenaica, Libyans and the relationships they had with Greeks, then Romans, had been considered only through the prism of hellenization and romanization. In joining the framework of the historiographical evolution, which in recent decades has devoted more to consider both interaction’s actors, the objective of this thesis is to understand how the meeting of two heterogeneous circles, kept in touch for several centuries, has resulted in reciprocal influences and in which domains they appeared. Our study is limited to the political boundaries of the greek influence’s area set by the diagramma of Ptolemy I to Authamalax (current Bu Sceefa) to the west and in Katabathmos Megas (current Sollum) to the east. As for the chronological limits, they are included between the foundation of Cyrene towards 631 B.C. and the paganism’s decline in the fourth century A.D. Organized into seven thematic chapters, the present work proposes to put into perspective the reciprocal influences that have occurred between Graeco-Romans and Libyans in the socio-political, cultural, religious and economic spheres from the archaeological and historical data
Boussaada, Jalloul Ahlem. "Liber Pater en Afrique." Paris 4, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA040057.
Full textIntroduced at ancient in Africa in the Hellenistic period and associated to an local divinity, Shedrapa. Perhaps in the 4th. The cult of liber pater-Bacchus becoming among the some important religion of roman Africa. He had his temples, and we found him in inscriptions, mosaics, and sculptures. . . God of wine and vine, mysteries, he had been particularly an official god, the protector of the severian dynasty
Laudenbach, Benoît. "Mondes nilotique et libyque : Strabon, Géographie, XVII." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040067.
Full textThe dissertation consists in a critical edition, from the medieval manuscripts, of Strabo’s Geography book XVII, a description of the countries crossed by the Nile (Egypt and Ethiopia) and Libya written at the turn of our era. It comes with a French translation and a commentary. The introduction reconsiders first the textual tradition of the book to establish the choice of the manuscripts. Then, the author replaces the book XVII in general, and Egypt in particular, within the framework of Strabo’s life and work, and attempts to identify the methodological, stylistic and rhetorical issues of the text, in particular the rhetoric of the praise of Rome and August, structuring principle of the whole Geography. The commentary explains the editorial decisions for establishing the Greek text, and highlights Strabo’s text by confronting it with our other data about the considered spaces and time (geographical, historical, literary, papyrological, epigraphical, archaeological, botanical, zoological)
Hmoda, Adres. "Tripoli à l'époque fatimide : vie politique, économique et sociale." Paris, EPHE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EPHE4005.
Full textThis study is dedicated to the city of Tripoli during the Fatimid reign (297/909), in terms of political, economic and social development. Under the Fatimids, the city of Tripoli has experienced several rebellions fueled by doctrinal differences between Sunnites and Shiites on one side, and Shiites and Kharijites of another, which drove the authority to use force to control the city. The Fatimids considered Tripoli as an important point that it is necessary to guard and protect, because it is a support to develop eastward towards Barqa and Egypt. After the transfer of the power Fatimid in Cairo in 362/973, Tripoli remained directly connected to the authority of the caliph, while the other cities of Ifrîqiya were under the power of Zirids which governed the region in the name of Fatimids. This situation allowed the Berbers of Zenata, enemies of Zirids, to establish a political entity, through the family of Bani khazroun, which governed Tripoli from 391/1000 to 541/1146. During this period, the situation of Tripoli fluctuated between dependence and autonomy towards the power Fatimid. Also, the city of Tripoli knew an urban evolution; it shows through ramparts, city gates and ribats. The presence of mosques intra and extra muros contributed to the cultural development of the city. Moreover, some important figures in the field of the literature, the language, as well as the other domains lived or studied in Tripoli. The study also draws some aspects of the social life of the city and its demographic composition constituted by Berbers, Arabs, Byzantine and Saqaliba. The study also approaches the economic life of the city, which was flourished during the periods of stability, based on activities varied as agriculture, and the trade, Tripoli was very commercially linked with the cities of Mediterranean, and a major passage for the caravan trade
Sfaxi, Intissar. "Contribution à la connaissance de la langue libyque : l'apport de l'onomastique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3046.
Full textStarting from the observation that there are inventories and comprehensive onomastic tools for the other linguistic spheres represented in ancient North Africa (Punic, Latin), my goal has been to develop a comparable instrument for the Libyan sphere which would bring together materials and provide a linguistic and etymological study as systematic as possible. In the vast field of onomastics, my research has focused primarily on anthroponomy, ethnonymy, and to a lesser extent on theonymy. It has been postulated that the onomastic materials could shed some light on the libycal language as the largely studied names are indigenous terms whose authenticity is beyond question. The linguistic and etymological analysis of onomastic data from epigraphic and historical sources provides an immediate access to the Libycal language. The materials of our work cover all of Ancient North Africa, which enables us to offer a global vision. Assembled, annotated and analyzed documentation is the basis for an onomastic corpus (Onosmasticon libycum), which currently has 636 lexical bases, and authorizes a number of sociolinguistic considerations on the Libyco-Punic and Libyco-Roman worlds. Linguistically speaking, the study of the onomastic corpus allows for both a set of useful information for lexical and grammatical history of the language, and a precise set of data relating to the ancient linguistic situation. The examination of the Libycal onomastic data and its results constitute a first approach to the Libycal language and a starting point and working basis which could be developed in future research
Berthelot, Hugues. "Cyrène, colonie et capitale. Le destin méditerranéen d’une cité des confins du monde grec (VIIe – Ier s. av. J.-C.)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040133.
Full textThe city of Cyrene provides different faces depending on the perspective adopted to consider it : it is both a colony and a metropol, both the capital city of Cyrenaica and a mere city in the Hellenistic kingdom of the Ptolemies, both a city situated on the borders of the Mediterranean world and a city whose presence incontinental Greece and in Aegea is clear.Since the previous studies focused on the city’s political history and the transformation of the urban landscape, we intend in this work to study the evolution of the city’s status from its foundation in 631 B.C. by colonists fromThera to its gift by Ptolemy Apion to the Roman Republic in 96 B.C., by focusing on the relations which it maintained with the rest of the Greek world : we searched then Cyrene and the Cyrenaeans outside of their city, foreign objects and foreigners inside the city, relying on epigraphical, numismatical, papyrological and archaeological data.Organised in three parts which coincide with the three major phases of Cyrenaean history, this work investigates the economic, diplomatic and cultural relations between Cyrene and the other Greek cities and strives to detect the main trends of those and to measure their influence on the city itself
Yahia-Acheche, Sophie. "L'art rupestre de Tunisie : inventaire et analyse : ses relations avec les foyers artistiques de l'Algérie et la Libye voisines." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010573.
Full textGilbert, Tremblay Ugo. "La disculpation platonicienne : étude sur la signification et l'évolution du concept de faute involontaire dans l’œuvre de Platon." Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12422.
Full textThis study intends to describe the successive meanings borrowed by the famous Socratic paradox of involuntary evil in the work of Plato. For that purpose, our ideas we will developed under three main themes: 1) the first will be to clarify the meaning covered by the voluntary and involuntary categories in ancient times, in order to avoid any anachronistic confusion with the modern meanings of these same concepts; 2) the second will seek to bring to light the anthropological postulate underlying Plato’s idea that no one could do wrong on his own purpose; 3) the third will in turn expose the three major exculpation devices developed by Plato in his work: the ignorant soul devices, of the inverted soul and of the diseased soul. We will thus show how Plato, contrary to the classic Christian theodicy, seeks to absolve human being from any real moral involvement in the causal genesis of his ‘‘bad’’ actions.