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Journal articles on the topic 'Life cycle effect'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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1

Liang, L., S. Lin, and Z. Zhang. "Effect of the family life cycle on the family farm scale in Southern China." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 61, No. 9 (June 6, 2016): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/68/2014-agricecon.

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2

Choi, Seyoung, Yujun Jung, Yonghan Kim, Hoseong Lee, and Yunho Hwang. "Environmental effect evaluation of refrigerator cycle with life cycle climate performance." International Journal of Refrigeration 122 (February 2021): 134–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrefrig.2020.10.032.

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3

Panesar, Daman K., Deepak Kanraj, and Yasar Abualrous. "Effect of transportation of fly ash: Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis of concrete." Cement and Concrete Composites 99 (May 2019): 214–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2019.03.019.

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4

Lee, Eun－Suh, and Won－Ki Lee. "Effect of Corporate Life Cycle on Corporate Governance." Korean Journal of Accounting Research 23, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21737/kjar.2018.05.23.2.51.

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5

Mahmoudi, Morteza, Kayhan Azadmanesh, Mohammad A. Shokrgozar, W. Shane Journeay, and Sophie Laurent. "Effect of Nanoparticles on the Cell Life Cycle." Chemical Reviews 111, no. 5 (May 11, 2011): 3407–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr1003166.

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6

Jørgensen, Andreas, Louise C. Dreyer, and Arne Wangel. "Addressing the effect of social life cycle assessments." International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 17, no. 6 (March 16, 2012): 828–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11367-012-0408-9.

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7

Thompson, R. Steve. "The franchise life cycle and the Penrose effect." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 24, no. 2 (July 1994): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-2681(94)90027-2.

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8

Wu, Liang Chen, and Dong Po Wang. "Investigation of High Cycle and Low Cycle Fatigue Interaction on Fatigue Behavior of Welded Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 217-219 (November 2012): 2101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.217-219.2101.

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Samples of Q345 steel welded joints were tested to failure under low cycle fatigue(LCF),high cycle fatigue(HCF) and combined fatigue(CCF) using an apparatus that is capable of providing interactive LCF/HCF loading. The stress ratio R is 0.5 and the frequency of HCF is about 19kHz. The result indicates that not only high frequency minor cycles superimposed on low frequency major cycles , but also low frequency minor cycles superimposed on high frequency major cycles can do remarkable damage to fatigue performance of welded joints. The CCF strength is characterized by amplitude envelope. If CCF fatigue life is characterized by LCF life, adverse effect of HCF component is underestimated. If CCF fatigue life is characterized by HCF life, adverse effect of LCF component is overrated.

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9

Barcellona, Simone, Morris Brenna, Federica Foiadelli, Michela Longo, and Luigi Piegari. "Analysis of Ageing Effect on Li-Polymer Batteries." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/979321.

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Lithium-ion batteries are a key technology for current and future energy storage in mobile and stationary application. In particular, they play an important role in the electrification of mobility and therefore the battery lifetime prediction is a fundamental aspect for successful market introduction. Numerous studies developed ageing models capable of predicting battery life span. Most of the previous works compared the effect of the ageing factors to a battery’s cycle life. These cycles are identical, which is not the case for electric vehicles applications. Indeed, most of the available information is based on results from laboratory testing, under very controlled environments, and using ageing protocols, which may not correctly reflect the actual utilization. For this reason, it is important to link the effect of duty cycles with the ageing of the batteries. This paper proposes a simple method to investigate the effect of the duty cycle on the batteries lifetime through tests performed on different cells for different kinds of cycle. In this way, a generic complex cycle can be seen as a composition of elemental cycles by means of Rainflow procedures. Consequently, the ageing due to any cycle can be estimated starting from the knowledge of simpler cycles.

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10

Chireka, Trust. "Corporate life cycle and cash holding decisions: A South African study." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 4 (November 20, 2020): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(4).2020.10.

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The resource-based view theory suggests that as firms’ resource bases differ along the corporate life cycle, even corporate policies such as cash holdings vary along the life cycle. This study seeks to understand the effect of firm’s life cycle on corporate cash holding behavior. Previous literature has sought to investigate the firm and institutional determinants of corporate cash holdings. Using the resource-based view theory, this study investigates whether corporate life cycle can be another determinant of corporate cash holdings. A panel data analysis of a sample of 112 Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) listed firms from 2011 to 2018 is utilized to determine if firm’s life cycle does influence cash holding behavior. Dickinson’s cash flow analysis is used to proxy life cycle stages and control other known determinants of corporate cash holdings such as firm size, leverage, profitability, dividend payments, and growth opportunities. Contrary to other studies, this study finds no significant relationship between life cycle stages and corporate cash holdings, suggesting that corporate cash holdings for South African firms are driven by other factors other than life cycle resource allocations. However, it is found that prior year cash balances, firm size, and profitability have significant positive relationships with cash holdings. It is also found that liquid asset substitutes, leverage, and investment opportunities exert a significant and negative influence on corporate cash holdings.

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11

Yang, Rebekah, Imad L. Al-Qadi, and Hasan Ozer. "Effect of Methodological Choices on Pavement Life-Cycle Assessment." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2672, no. 40 (March 13, 2018): 78–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118757194.

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The use of life-cycle assessment (LCA) to assess the environmental impacts of pavement systems has become more prevalent in recent years. When performing an LCA study, a series of methodological choices must be defined. As these decisions can change from study to study, it is important to understand the significance or insignificance of the methodological choices relevant to pavement LCA. This paper evaluated the sensitivity of five choices commonly made in pavement LCA; cut-off criteria, end-of-life (EOL) allocation, asphalt binder allocation, traffic growth, and type of energy reported. Eight case studies and four environmental indicators, that is, global warming potential, primary energy as fuel, total primary energy, and a unitless single score, were considered in the sensitivity analyses. Varying the cut-off criteria and asphalt binder allocation only had a significant impact on the environmental indicators when the use stage of the life-cycle is excluded and only the materials and construction, maintenance and rehabilitation, and EOL stages are considered. Using different EOL allocations, traffic growths, and types of energy reported had significant effects on the overall life-cycle results. Common methodological choices made in a pavement LCA are expected to have an impact on LCA results and subsequent interpretation, with the magnitude of the impact dependent on the scope of the analysis.

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12

Papi\`nska, Katarzyna. "The effect of fish predation on Cyclops life cycle." Hydrobiologia 167-168, no. 1 (October 1988): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00026338.

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13

Yu, Bin, and Qing Lu. "Estimation of albedo effect in pavement life cycle assessment." Journal of Cleaner Production 64 (February 2014): 306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.07.034.

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14

Wyatt, Justin. "The life cycle of Transparent." Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, no. 16 (January 30, 2019): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/alpha.16.06.

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The queerness of the series Transparent (2014–2019), both textually and extratextually, offers a paradigm for understanding just how flexible and revolutionary digital TV can be. Queerness becomes a mechanism freeing both the television text and the business practices supporting it. The result is a radically reformed life cycle for both the television text and the attendant commercial structures. Launched in 2014 from Amazon Studios, Jill Soloway’s Transparent suggests that narrative ruptures in the life cycle are as significant as the technological or business shifts. Unlike the traditional US broadcast/cable model, the economics of the show merely reflect Amazon Prime’s desire to be both a means of delivery and an original content provider. In this way, original series add value to the company and hopefully the stock price. Business practice, methods and revenue are reformed, allowing for television “product” that need not adhere to the traditional models of commercial television. Narratively, the radical way through which Soloway connects the two disparate stories in Season Two requires viewers to set aside their expectations on cause and effect in television storytelling. Time, space, and causation are also altered within Soloway’s text. Certainly, there are specific links in terms of the characters’ lineage, but the creators of Transparent also seemingly want us to consider “life cycle” in a much different and queerer way than is usual for television programming.

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15

Wang, Mei, Ming Yang, Jun Liu, and Jian Fen Li. "Life Cycle Assessment of Urban Wastewater Treatment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 346–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.346.

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Effect and benefits of a product or service could be analyzed and evaluated by life cycle assessment during the whole life cycle. Urban sewage treatment plants could improve and control urban water pollution escalating, but it also had certain harm to environment. Effect and benefits of urban wastewater treatment plant A and B were analyzed and evaluated, 13 factors were selected, and comprehensive benefits were researched quantificationally using the method of analytic hierarchy process. It found that urban wastewater treatment plant A who applied A/O process had better benefits than urban wastewater treatment plant B who applied BIOLAK process.

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16

P. Mishra, Debi. "How broadly do product preannouncement performance effects generalize? Product life cycle and switching cost perspectives." Innovative Marketing 15, no. 2 (June 26, 2019): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.15(2).2019.08.

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Firms use preannouncements to inform customers about the impending introduction of a new product or service. These preannouncements are significant events because they provide customers with product specific information while signaling the health, strategic intent, and future of a company. One important area of research in this field investigates the performance consequences of product preannouncements (PPA). However, a notable gap in our knowledge exists, because the focus of past research has been on studying wealth effects rather narrowly in certain industries, e.g., high-tech, or under certain contingencies. This restrictive approach is surprising, because PPA are observed in a broad range of product categories. Moreover, product life cycle and consumer switching cost theories predict performance effects of PPA irrespective of category or context. The author addresses this lack of generalizability by using switching cost and life cycle theories to hypothesize positive performance effects of PPA independent of context and contingencies. The event study method from finance is used to empirically test the relationship between PPA and stock prices in a broad sample of events comprising multiple product categories. Using events reported in the Wall Street Journal, evidence of a positive effect of PPA on stock prices irrespective of the type of product or context involved is found. Several managerial implications of the study are noted and avenues for further research are outlined.

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17

Ouyang, Min. "PLANT LIFE CYCLE AND AGGREGATE EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 18, no. 2 (July 30, 2013): 255–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100512000946.

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Past empirical studies have repeatedly found that plant age matters for aggregate employment dynamics. This paper develops a model of plant life cycle to capture this empirical regularity. In the model, plants differ by vintage and by idiosyncratic productivity. The idiosyncratic productivity is not directly observable, but can be learned over time. This setup gives rise to a learning effect and a creative-destruction effect, under which labor flows from plants with low idiosyncratic productivity to those with high idiosyncratic productivity and from old vintages to new vintages. When calibrated to the U.S. manufacturing job flow series, our model of plant life cycle delivers the observed link between plant age and aggregate employment dynamics.

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18

Shohji, Ikuo, Tomotake Tohei, Keisuke Yoshizawa, Masaharu Nishimoto, Yasushi Ogawa, and Takayuki Kawano. "Effect of Thermal Cycle Conditions on Thermal Fatigue Life of Chip Size Package Solder Joint." Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (July 2008): 433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.433.

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Accelerated thermal cycling (ATC) tests were conducted to investigate an effect of thermal cycle conditions on thermal fatigue life of a chip size package (CSP) lead-free solder joint. A ternary Sn-Ag-Cu alloy was used as a lead-free solder material. For frequency of thermal cycle (1~3 cycles/h) and maximum (388~423 K) and minimum (223~273 K) temperatures investigated, the effects of them on thermal fatigue life of the solder joint were slight. On the contrary, correlation was recognized between temperature amplitude and thermal fatigue life of the solder joint. The thermal fatigue life increased with decreasing temperature amplitude. The relationship obeyed the Coffin-Manson’s type equation.

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19

Zaghloul, Sameh, Amr Ayed, Zubair Ahmed, Brandt Henderson, Jack Springer, and Nick Vitillo. "Effect of Positive Drainage on Flexible Pavement Life-Cycle Cost." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1868, no. 1 (January 2004): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1868-14.

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20

TAKAHASHI, Jun. "III : Life Cycle Assessment and Energy Saving Effect of CFRP." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 57, no. 8 (2008): 852–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.57.852.

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21

Nagin, Daniel, and Joel Waldfogel. "The Effect of Conviction on Income Through the Life Cycle." International Review of Law and Economics 18, no. 1 (March 1998): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8188(97)00055-0.

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22

Boriskina, Yulia. "BIM technologies’ effect on transformation of a property life cycle." E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 08030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199108030.

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Property life cycle management is exposed to greater changes under impact of new BIM technologies and increasing demand for environmental approach. Many new technologies which BIM comprises, such as laser scanning, augmented reality, automate construction, distant access, renewable energy sources, affect management issues of project management leading to higher efficiency and environment protection via using greater cost predictability, improved schedule, optimized design, better coordination, and reduced energy and water consumption. Property life cycle management using BIM methods has priority over traditional management approach at each project stage, which generally leads to the extension of the life cycle and the construction of buildings with more environmentally friendly characteristics. The BIM management process affects all project parties. The article offers a special table which indicates changes for each participant: investor, developer, bank, designer, construction contractor, broker, tenant, project team, and re-conception team. Despite some controversial issues, like high costs and advanced skills of project participants, BIM management will be used by more developers, bringing economical and environmental efficiency for prolonged property life cycle.

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23

Wolfenstine, J., and S. Campos. "Effect of Fe on the cycle life of Cu6Sn5 anodes." Materials Letters 57, no. 1 (November 2002): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00692-4.

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24

Panchal, Hitesh N. "Life cycle cost analysis of a double-effect solar still." International Journal of Ambient Energy 38, no. 4 (January 22, 2016): 395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01430750.2015.1132767.

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25

Khalil, Riham, Dave Stockton, Mohamed Sultani Alkaabi, and Lawrence Mukhongo Manyonge. "Investigating the effect of variability in product development life cycle." International Journal of Product Development 20, no. 6 (2015): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijpd.2015.073521.

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26

Seo, Won-Jae, Joo-Young Jang, Yong-Eun Kim, and Seung-JIn Han. "The effect of cycle tourism on the quality of life." Journal of Sports and Applied Science 2, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/kjsas.2018.vol2.no1.1.

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27

Kumar, Raghuvir. "Effect of variable single cycle peak overload on fatigue life." International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 48, no. 3 (January 1991): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-0161(91)90026-x.

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28

Maranjory, Mehdi, and Samira Keykha. "Evaluation of the Effect of Company's Life Cycle on the Cost of Equity." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 12 (September 30, 2016): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n12p237.

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The aim of this study is to investigate effect of company's life cycle on cost of stockholders , in this regard, three hypotheses were developed that a sample of 118 companies during the period of 2009 to 2015 were selected in order test them and regression model and panel data was used to analyze hypotheses. In this study, Dickinson (DeAngelo et al., 2006; Dickinson, 2011; Rahmanian, Moghaddam et al., 2014) company life cycle criteria has been used to separate companies to different steps of company life cycle and the Gordon growth model has been used to measure cost of stockholders. The results show that the cost of stockholders has significant difference with each other in mature phase of Company life cycle Compared with recession of company's life cycle. The results also show that cost of stockholders have significant difference with each other compared with recession of company's life cycle in the growth stage of companies life cycle . Finally, the results show that cost of stockholders have significant difference with each other in the Company life cycle birth and decline compared with the record of company's life cycle.

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29

Maranjory, Mehdi, and Samira Keykha. "Evaluation of the Effect of Company's Life Cycle on the Cost of Equity." Modern Applied Science 10, no. 12 (October 12, 2016): 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v10n12p241.

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The aim of this study is to investigate effect of company's life cycle on cost of stockholders , in this regard, three hypotheses were developed that a sample of 118 companies during the period of 2009 to 2015 were selected in order test them and regression model and panel data was used to analyze hypotheses. In this study, Dickinson (DeAngelo et al., 2006; Dickinson, 2011; Rahmanian, Moghaddam et al., 2014) company life cycle criteria has been used to separate companies to different steps of company life cycle and the Gordon growth model has been used to measure cost of stockholders. The results show that the cost of stockholders has significant difference with each other in mature phase of Company life cycle Compared with recession of company's life cycle. The results also show that cost of stockholders have significant difference with each other compared with recession of company's life cycle in the growth stage of companies life cycle . Finally, the results show that cost of stockholders have significant difference with each other in the Company life cycle birth and decline compared with the record of company's life cycle.

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30

Peng, Zi Chao, Jun Ying Sheng, Xu Qing Wang, and Yue Tang. "Low Cycle Fatigue Properties of FGH720Li Superalloy." Materials Science Forum 1035 (June 22, 2021): 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1035.292.

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Low cycle fatigue (LCF) properties of a powder metallurgy(PM) nickel base superalloy FGH720Li were systematically studied in this work, including smooth LCF and notched LCF tested at various temperatures and different stress. The relationship between the fatigue life and applied stress was analyzed both for smooth fatigue and notch fatigue tests. The effects of loading frequency and stress ratio on LCF behavior were also studied. As an important influencing factor of the fatigue life in powder metallurgy superalloy, the effect of inclusions on LCF life was also investigated. The results showed that the fatigue properties of FGH720Li alloy was excellent, when tested at the temperature of 450°C and applied stress of 1230MPa, the fatigue life could exceed 5×104 cycles. When tested at 650°C and 1150MPa, the average fatigue life was still beyond 2×105 cycles.

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31

Marker, John T. "Period Effects and Cohort Effects in Life Cycles: Preliminary Analysis." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1718, no. 1 (January 2000): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1718-12.

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Travel behavioral data from five successive waves of the Puget Sound Transportation Panel were examined to determine whether period effects or cohort effects have a significant effect in life-cycle behavior. It was found that period and cohort effects may have a greater influence in household life-cycle models than previously believed. The results bring into question current methods using cross-sectional data analysis for life-cycle models, since predicted changes in activity behavior were not observed in households that made life-cycle transitions. The results are not conclusive, since other variables influencing activity behavior were not accounted for in the analysis.

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32

Rauf, Abdul, and Robert H. Crawford. "Building service life and its effect on the life cycle embodied energy of buildings." Energy 79 (January 2015): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.10.093.

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33

Yahaya, Onipe Adabenege, and Joseph Majiyebo Onyabe. "Firm Life Cycle and Financial Performance: Evidence from Nigeria." Journal of Accounting and Finance in Emerging Economies 6, no. 3 (October 2, 2020): 723–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jafee.v6i3.1332.

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Despite being a considerably essential instrument or mechanism in understanding modern organizations, a greater number of the life cycle literature is conceptually rather than empirically established. There are limited scholarly works in Nigeria about whether firm life cycle has any bearing on financial performance. This study has filled a lacuna in the nexus between firm life cycle and financial performance. It examines the effects of firm life cycle on financial performance of 91 listed firms in Nigeria over a ten-year period (2010-2019) using a correlational research design. Data were collected from the annual reports and accounts of the sampled firms and analysed using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, minimum mean and maximum mean) and inferential analytical techniques (Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis). We find maturity stage to have positive and significant effect on financial performance. However, we fail to find any significant effect at introductory stage, growth stage and shake-out stage. The study, therefore, concludes that the business stage of maturity is the most critical stage in financial performance consideration. The study recommends among others that managers should pay greater attention to their businesses, particularly during the period of maturity to avoid shakeout or decline.

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34

Low, Hamish, Costas Meghir, and Luigi Pistaferri. "Wage Risk and Employment Risk over the Life Cycle." American Economic Review 100, no. 4 (September 1, 2010): 1432–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.100.4.1432.

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We specify a life-cycle model of consumption, labor supply and job mobility in an economy with search frictions. We distinguish different sources of risk, including shocks to productivity, job arrival, and job destruction. Allowing for job mobility has a large effect on the estimate of productivity risk. Increases in the latter impose a considerable welfare loss. Increases in employment risk have large effects on output and, primarily through this channel, affect welfare. The welfare value of programs such as Food Stamps, partially insuring productivity risk, is greater than the value of unemployment insurance which provides (partial) insurance against employment risk. (JEL D91, J22, J31, J61, J64, J65)

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35

Senthilnathan, Karthikeyan, Ali Shamimi, Craig Bonsignore, Harshad Paranjape, and Tom Duerig. "Effect of Prestrain on the Fatigue Life of Superelastic Nitinol." Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 28, no. 10 (September 23, 2019): 5946–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04334-2.

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Abstract Three types of fatigue testing are performed to elucidate the effects of prestraining superelastic Nitinol on its subsequent fatigue lifetime: rotary bending and tension–tension testing of wire, and beam bending using diamond-shaped specimens fabricated from tubing. Results show that local plastic deformation during prestraining induces residual stresses that have a pronounced effect on fatigue performance, enhancing performance when the fatigue duty cycle is of the same sense as the prestraining (tensile prestraining followed by a tensile duty cycle, for example), and decreasing fatigue lifetime when the sense of the duty cycle is opposite to that of prestraining. This provides an avenue to increasing fatigue lifetime, but more importantly it highlights the need to fully understand the nature of the duty cycle: for example, prestraining a stent by crimping it into a delivery catheter induces favorable residual stresses with respect to subsequent pulsatile fatigue, but might accelerate fracture in other modes, such as axial or crush fatigue. Caution is also advised when trying to apply data from “constant life diagrams” derived from the literature (Ref 1, 2 for example) that may not properly reflect the strain history of the device being analyzed.

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36

Xu, Xiao Yun, Pai Guan, and Xiao Wen Guo. "Research on Product Design Based on the Effect Factor of Product Whole Life Cycle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 794–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.794.

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In order to reduce the resource waste and environmental pollution，this article applied product whole life cycle theory to product design, analyzed the product design was affected by three factors from the point of view in whole life cycle theory ,and put forward five key design elements of whole life cycle design based on the three factors.In short, the paper has practical reference value for the development and perfection of the whole life cycle design.

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37

Wang, Heng, and Jin Chang Hou. "Life Cycle Management for Improving Product Service." Applied Mechanics and Materials 58-60 (June 2011): 652–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.58-60.652.

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For achieving better environmental performance of products or product systems, it is essential to manage total product life cycle. This paper describes a method for supporting product life cycle management by comprehensive product life cycle simulation, which is a basis for designing and evaluating total product life cycle. For life cycle evaluation, it is important to seek for the better product services, at the same time to seek for lower environmental burden and life cycle management costing. For this purpose, a product usage model is proposed, where customer satisfaction is measured by offered product functionality. The same level of customer satisfaction can be achieved by various different life cycle management options. By taking examples of technologically immature short-life products, like mobile phones, effect of difference of required product service quality is investigated, and appropriate product management strategy is discussed for improving product service quality.

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38

Pettersen, Johan, Glen P. Peters, and Edgar G. Hertwich. "MARINE ECOTOXIC EFFECT OF PULSE EMISSIONS IN LIFE CYCLE IMPACT ASSESSMENT." Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 25, no. 1 (2006): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1897/04-510r.1.

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39

Won, Jayoun, and Sang－lyul Ryu. "The Effect of Firm Life－cycle Improvement on Corporate Tax Avoidance." Korea Association of Business Education 33, no. 6 (December 30, 2018): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.23839/kabe.2018.33.6.179.

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40

Hyeyoung Kim. "A Study on the Effect of Forest Usage by Life Cycle." Journal of Korean institute of Forest Recreation 21, no. 1 (March 2017): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.34272/forest.2017.21.1.007.

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41

Acuña, Carlos, Héctor Acuña, and Diego Carrasco. "Health shocks and the added worker effect: a life cycle approach." Journal of Applied Economics 22, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 273–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15140326.2019.1613089.

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42

Tadesse, Alemu, and Emmanouil N. Anagnostou. "The Effect of Storm Life Cycle on Satellite Rainfall Estimation Error." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 26, no. 4 (April 1, 2009): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jtecha1129.1.

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Abstract The study uses storm tracking information to evaluate error statistics of satellite rain estimation at different maturity stages of storm life cycles. Two satellite rain retrieval products are used for this purpose: (i) NASA’s Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis–Real Time product available at 25-km/hourly resolution (3B41-RT) and (ii) the University of California (Irvine) Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) product available at 4-km–hourly resolution. Both algorithms use geostationary satellite infrared (IR) observations calibrated to an array of passive microwave (PM) earth-orbiting satellite sensor rain retrievals. The techniques differ in terms of algorithmic structure and in the way they use the PM rainfall to calibrate the IR rain algorithms. The satellite retrievals are evaluated against rain gauge–calibrated radar rainfall estimates over the continental United States. Error statistics of hourly rain volumes are determined separately for thunderstorm and shower-type convective systems and for different storm life durations and stages of maturity. The authors show distinct differences between the two satellite retrieval error characteristics. The most notable difference is the strong storm life cycle dependence of 3B41-RT relative to the nearly independent PERSIANN behavior. Another is in the algorithm performance between thunderstorms and showers; 3B41-RT exhibits significant bias increase at longer storm life durations. PERSIANN exhibits consistently improved correlations relative to the 3B41-RT for all storm life durations and maturity stages. The findings of this study support the hypothesis that incorporating cloud type information into the retrieval (done by the PERSIANN algorithm) can help improve the satellite retrieval accuracy.

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Xu, Bixia. "Life cycle effect on the value relevance of common risk factors." Review of Accounting and Finance 6, no. 2 (May 22, 2007): 162–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14757700710750838.

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Ahlgrimm, Maike, and Richard M. Forbes. "Regime dependence of ice cloud heterogeneity - a convective life-cycle effect?" Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 143, no. 709 (October 2017): 3259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.3178.

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Hartmann, Dennis L., Blaž Gasparini, Sara E. Berry, and Peter N. Blossey. "The Life Cycle and Net Radiative Effect of Tropical Anvil Clouds." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 12 (December 2018): 3012–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001484.

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Etemad, Hamid. "Early strategic heritage: The carryover effect on entrepreneurial firm’s life cycle." Journal of International Entrepreneurship 16, no. 4 (December 2018): 441–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10843-018-0240-9.

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Lim, H. S., and S. A. Verzwyvelt. "KOH concentration effect on the cycle life of nickel—hydrogen cells." Journal of Power Sources 22, no. 3-4 (March 1988): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-7753(88)80016-8.

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Liu, Jingru, Xin Sun, Bin Lu, Yunkun Zhang, and Rui Sun. "The life cycle rebound effect of air-conditioner consumption in China." Applied Energy 184 (December 2016): 1026–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.11.100.

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Lee, Woo Jae. "The Effect of Corporate Life Cycle on Analyst Earnings Forecast Accuracy." korean management review 50, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 777–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.17287/kmr.2021.50.3.777.

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Ayagapin, Leslie, Jean Philippe Praene, Doorgeshwaree Jaggeshar, and Dinesh Surroop. "Prospective Life Cycle Assessment: Effect of Electricity Decarbonization in Building Sector." Energies 14, no. 11 (May 29, 2021): 3184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113184.

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The building sector is responsible for 43% of France’s final energy consumption and is strongly associated with a high environmental impact due to its high consumption of energy and natural resources. These impacts are significant in isolated islands. Due to its geographical isolation and an area of 2512 km2, Reunion Island has a heavily carbon-based economy with a high import rate of raw materials for the building sector. This study aimed to investigate the effect of electricity mix decarbonization on residential house environmental impact. The methodology consists of three parts: (i) evaluating environmental impacts of Single-Family Houses (SFH) using life cyce assessment(LCA), (ii) defining SFH typologies using the K-means clustering algorithm, and (iii) implementing energy scenario in LCA of SFH to assess decarbonization effect. The environmental results were particularly sensitive in the operational phase, with a decrease of 83% between 2020 to 2040 of the global warming potential (GWP). The structural phase highlights the weight of imports in the building sector, as a decrease of only 1% is observed. This study clearly shows the necessary energy transition for Reunion Island. In the structural phase, the study recommends that stakeholders reduce imports and increase the share of recovered materials to achieve a substantial reduction in impacts.

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