Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Life without parole sentence / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Life without parole sentence.

Journal articles on the topic 'Life without parole sentence'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Life without parole sentence.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Pettigrew, Mark. "Deterioration and the long term prisoner: a descriptive analysis of Myra Hindley." International Journal of Prisoner Health 12, no. 2 (2016): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-10-2015-0036.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore supposed inevitable personal decline for long-term prisoners, particularly those serving a sentence of life without parole. Design/methodology/approach – Using the prison records of a life without parole sentenced prisoner. Findings – Findings suggest that prisoner deterioration is not inevitable in a whole life prison sentence. Research limitations/implications – Findings are based on one account, of a female prisoner. Practical implications – Distinct services and support are required for those with a natural life prison sentence. Originality/value – To date, there is limited research of prisoners serving life without parole, particularly the mental health implications of denying a prisoner future parole.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Leigey, Margaret E., and Doris Schartmueller. "The Fiscal and Human Costs of Life Without Parole." Prison Journal 99, no. 2 (2019): 241–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885519825496.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent decades, the United States has increasingly relied on life-without-parole (LWOP) sentences. Due to its indeterminacy, such a sentence involves tremendous fiscal and human costs. This study first examines the use of LWOP in Louisiana, Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts, which have high percentages of LWOP inmates in their prison populations. After a comparison of what type of convictions trigger LWOP, we discuss the impact the LWOP population has had on the states’ correctional systems. We then assess the human costs of LWOP by problematizing the indeterminacy of the sentence and comparing how international and domestic courts have restricted its use.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Smith, Tobias, and Su Jiang. "Making sense of life without parole in China." Punishment & Society 21, no. 1 (2017): 70–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474517739848.

Full text

Abstract:

In 2015, the People’s Republic of China introduced the sentence of lifelong imprisonment for a single, non-violent crime: corruption. Although life without the possibility of parole statutes were increasingly common in the US and across the world by the late 20th century, this is the first such statute ever introduced in China. While introducing the new punishment for corruption, China, the world’s leading executioner, retained the death penalty for corruption as well. This study examines the reasons for China’s adoption of life without the possibility of parole and situates China in global debates about the punitive turn and capital punishment. It also provides insights for understanding how the adoption of life without the possibility of parole fits into a wider constellation of penal practices.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Gilbert, Jeremiah J. "'The Same as a Death Sentence': Juvenile Life without Parole." Journal of Prisoners on Prisons 18, no. 1-2 (2009): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/jpp.v18i1-2.5340.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Harris, Anjelica. "“We Can’t Just Throw Our Children Away”." Texas A&M Law Review 7, no. 3 (2020): 613–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37419/lr.v7.i3.4.

Full text

Abstract:

In the words of Supreme Court Justice Elena Kagan, children are different. The issue of how to sentence juvenile offenders has long been controversial. Although psychology acknowledges the connection between incomplete juvenile brain development and increased criminality, the justice system lags behind in how it handles juvenile offenders. A prime example is the case of Bobby Bostic, who at the age of sixteen was charged with eighteen offenses and sentenced to 241 years in prison. This sentence, known as a term-of-years or virtual life sentence, essentially guarantees that no matter what Bobby does or who he proves himself to be as an adult, he will die in prison. Since Bobby’s sentencing in 1997, the Supreme Court has held that sentencing juveniles to death violates the Eighth Amendment and has banned life without parole for juvenile offenders. Despite landmark Supreme Court decisions, a gap in the law continues to exist when it comes to juvenile non-homicide of- fenders who are certified and tried as adults. Thousands of juvenile offenders are now trapped in the legal gap that exists in the distinction, or lack thereof, between life without parole and lengthy term-of-years sentences. This Comment will explore the gap in the law, the various ways the States have chosen to handle this issue, and will propose a possible solution for Texas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Sorensen, Jonathan R., and Thomas J. Reidy. "Nothing to Lose? An Examination of Prison Misconduct Among Life-Without-Parole Inmates." Prison Journal 99, no. 1 (2018): 46–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885518814719.

Full text

Abstract:

Inmates serving life-without-parole (LWOP) have been described as having “nothing to lose” by virtue of their sentence, leading to an assumption that they are more prone to disciplinary violations. This study refutes such an argument and is consistent with research demonstrating that LWOP inmates do not pose a disproportional risk for disciplinary misconduct. Results from our study comparing LWOP with parole-eligible, life-sentenced (LWP) inmates revealed neither significant differences in the total violation count nor the time to commission of an act of disciplinary misconduct. Trajectories of misconduct showed slightly higher prevalence of misconduct among LWOP inmates, a pattern of declining prevalence during the first 18 months of confinement, and a convergence with LWP inmates thereafter. The failure of assumptions of high violence risk for LWOP inmates has important public policy and correctional implications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

D’Angelo, Jill. "Book Review: The forgotten men: Serving a life without parole sentence." Criminal Justice Review 41, no. 1 (2015): 128–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016815604703.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hussemann, Jeanette, and Jonah Siegel. "Decision-Making and Holistic Public Defense Post-Montgomery v. Louisiana." Criminal Justice Policy Review 31, no. 6 (2019): 886–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403419871601.

Full text

Abstract:

In 2012, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Miller v. Alabama that mandatory sentences of life without the possibility of parole (LWOP) for youth are unconstitutional. In 2016, the Court held in Montgomery v. Louisiana that the ruling in Miller should be applied retroactively. Drawing from qualitative interviews with justice actors, and individuals who were sentenced to LWOP as juveniles and paroled, this article examines the implementation of Miller-Montgomery in Michigan, the factors that influence decisions to release juvenile lifers, and their reentry process. In doing so, we focus specific attention to the role of publicly appointed defense attorneys and the application of holistic defense practices to support Montgomery case mitigation and juvenile lifer reentry. Findings indicate that institutional disciplinary and programming records, emotional wellness, statements by victims’ family members, political considerations, and reentry plans are key considerations when deciding whether a juvenile lifer should be eligible for parole.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Milne, David. "Youth Advocates Fight to End Life-Without-Parole Sentences." Psychiatric News 41, no. 18 (2006): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.41.18.0010.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Daly, Rich. "Fewer Young Criminals May Face Life-Without-Parole Sentences." Psychiatric News 44, no. 20 (2009): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/pn.44.20.0016a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Villaume, Alfred C. "“Life Without Parole” and “Virtual Life Sentences”: Death Sentences by Any Other Name." Contemporary Justice Review 8, no. 3 (2005): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10282580500132997.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Leigey, Margaret E. "For the Longest Time: The Adjustment of Inmates to a Sentence of Life Without Parole." Prison Journal 90, no. 3 (2010): 247–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885510373490.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Stauring, Javier. "Healing the Broken." Boom 6, no. 2 (2016): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2016.6.2.57.

Full text

Abstract:

The United States is the only country in the world that sentences children to life in prison without the possibility of parole, but that horrifying practice is beginning to wane. Over the past five years, state and federal Supreme Courts have ruled that mandatory life sentences without parole for juveniles is unconstitutional, and California has enacted legislation that allows most of those sentenced to life as juveniles to petition for a new sentencing hearing. The hope generated by these efforts, giving a second chance to those who committed serious crimes at a young age, is transformational. This pendulum shift is the hard-won result of the organizing and advocacy efforts of passionate, resilient people who have lived with the ramifications of the gross failures of our justice system. In this essay, Stauring describes the work he’s done over the past quarter of a century to help bring these changes about.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Lang, Connor. "The Intersection of Wrongful Convictions and Gender in Cases Where Women Were Sentenced to Death or Life in Prison Without Parole." Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, no. 27.2 (2021): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjgl.27.2.intersection.

Full text

Abstract:

This Note examines National Registry of Exonerations data and discusses the prevalence of false confessions and presence of a child victim in cases of women who were convicted of murder, received a serious sentence, and were later exonerated. After looking at the cases of women exonerated after receiving death sentences or life without parole sentences in light of the prevalence of these factors, this Note argues that examination of the cases reveals that the presence of a false confession or a child victim may have contributed to some of the wrongful convictions where these factors may have led to the women being viewed as having failed to conform to society’s expectations for women. This Note then discusses why evidence that portrayed the women as having violated society’s expectations could not have been excluded at trial and why exclusion in future cases through the rules of evidence or new legislation is challenging. This Note concludes by arguing that an awareness of how gender can contribute to wrongful convictions or the imposition of harsher sentences can help attorneys and judges guard against gender affecting the outcomes of criminal proceedings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Gleeson, John. "Debevoise’s Holloway Project and “Second Looks”." Federal Sentencing Reporter 33, no. 5 (2021): 319–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2021.33.5.319.

Full text

Abstract:

The president’s power to grant clemency is but one feature of a sentence-correction ecosystem. But the abolition of federal parole in the 1980s left the clemency power as the only way to correct lawfully imposed sentences for the simple reason that they are too damn long. This article is about another way to correct sentences for that simple reason, one that has been right there all along but was moribund for decades, and about a 2018 statute and a Debevoise & Plimpton pro bono project that breathed life into it. And it is a critical Article III complement to the Article II clemency power. For the past five years, the Holloway Project at Debevoise has advocated for federal prisoners, overwhelmingly men of color, who were given bone-crushing sentences pursuant to the cruelest mandatory sentencing law the federal system had to offer. The typical Holloway Project client is a middle-aged man who was sentenced decades ago for robbery sprees in which a firearm was used but no one was hurt and little was stolen. In almost all of their cases, the indefensible sentences—often as not the equivalent of life without parole—had nothing to do with their culpability and everything to do with their refusals to cooperate and/or plead guilty. This article describes the Holloway Project and how it has used what has become known colloquially as the “compassionate release” statute, 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(1)(A), and 2018’s First Step Act to persuade federal judges to undertake holistic, compassionate reevaluations of the men these incarcerated individuals have become after all their years in prison, and inject some humanity and justice into a sentencing regime that is still in desperate need of both.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Jaworska, Anetta. "Social Attitudes Toward Life Sentence in Relation to Minor and Juvenile Offenders - Replication of Edie Green's and Andrew Evelo's Studies (2013)." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 43 (November 2014): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.43.141.

Full text

Abstract:

The article points out some of the differences between Polish and American juvenile penal policy. It shows the differences between Polish and American society in terms of attitudes towards the use of life sentences without the possibility of parole (LWOP) for juvenile offenders. Studies also show that in both (Polish and American) societies, the tendency to impose the harshest sentences reflects the perceived purpose of the penalty.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Kolaković-Bojović, Milica. "LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND PAROLE IN SERBIA – (UN)INTENTIONALLY MISSED OPPORTUNITY." Journal of Criminology and Criminal Law 59, no. 1 (2021): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.47152/rkkp.59.1.2.

Full text

Abstract:

Triggered by the cruel rape and murder of a 15-year-old girl in July 2014, the public campaign was launched in order to change penal policy for a sexual violence committed against children in Serbia. Widely supported by general public, but strongly disputed by legal experts and professionals, amendments to the Criminal Code have been adopted in May 2019 introducing the life sentence without parole for the most serious crimes committed against children. This influenced the decision of the author to further explore how this public policy action fits to the relevant international standards, but also to the framework built based on the ECtHR interpretation of the Art. 3 of the ECHR in terms of the life prison. Aware of the current lack of public debate and the initiatives to improve relevant provisions of the Criminal Code, this paper shads a light on the gaps in human rights protection, especially in terms of the rehabilitation and reintegration of prisoners as the undetachable element of a purpose of punishing.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Singer, Simon I. "Sentencing Juveniles to Life in Prison." Crime & Delinquency 57, no. 6 (2011): 969–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128710396426.

Full text

Abstract:

In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court determined that the sentencing of juveniles to death violated the constitutional amendment against cruel and unusual punishment. Similarly, the Court most recently decided that life without parole for nonhomicide offenses is also unconstitutional ( Graham v. Florida, 2010). Part of the reason for the Court’s decisions is the lack of consensus as to the appropriateness of punishing juveniles as if they were adults. To examine the extent to which there is consensus as to the capital penalties for capital crimes, this article examines a population of young juveniles who were initially charged with murder, and then subsequently convicted in criminal court and sentenced to life in prison. As is the case with adults, not all juveniles were convicted in criminal court for their initial charge of murder. But unlike for adults, a proportion of eligible juveniles were adjudicated delinquent in juvenile court or received youthful offender in criminal court, resulting in a less severe sentence than a maximum of life in prison. The author suggests that this reduced set of sanctions, which a segment of juveniles receive, is substantive justice and the reproduction of juvenile justice. He found significant differences in the reproduction of juvenile justice by place and prior offense.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Gluck, Gerald. "QEEG Accepted in Death Penalty Trial in Florida v. Nelson." Biofeedback 39, no. 2 (2011): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5298/1081-5937-39.2.04.

Full text

Abstract:

Quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) was accepted for the first time in a Frye Hearing in the death penalty phase of a murder case in Florida. Issues of reliability, validity, and the basic science of QEEG were addressed in the case. Linkages of the defendant's conduct, QEEG results, other testing, and history demonstrated his state of impairment, resulting in a sentence of life without parole. Implications for the future of QEEG and a hierarchy of usage argues that its acceptance in life-and-death decisions makes insurance reimbursement denials for QEEG and neurofeedback, based on the same science, unreasonable.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Steinberg, Laurence, and Elizabeth Scott. "Should Juvenile Offenders Ever Be Sentenced to Life without the Possibility of Parole?" Human Development 53, no. 2 (2010): 53–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000288207.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

López, Rachel E. "The Unusual Cruelty of Nursing Homes Behind Bars." Federal Sentencing Reporter 32, no. 5 (2020): 264–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2020.32.5.264.

Full text

Abstract:

The elderly prison population continues to rise along with higher rates of dementia behind bars. To maintain the detention of this elderly population, federal and state prisons are creating long-term care units, which in turn carry a heavy financial burden. Prisons are thus gearing up to become nursing homes, but without the proper trained staff and adequate financial support. The costs both to taxpayers and to human dignity are only now becoming clear. This article squarely addresses the second dimension of this carceral practice, that is the cost to human dignity. Namely, it sets out why indefinitely incarcerating someone with dementia or other neurocognitive disorders violates the Eighth Amendment of the United States Constitution’s prohibition on cruel and unusual punishment. This conclusion derives from the confluence of two lines of U.S. Supreme Court precedent. First, in Madison v. Alabama, the Court recently held that executing someone (in Madison’s case someone with dementia) who cannot rationally understand their sentence amounts to cruel and unusual punishment. Second, in line with Miller v. Alabama, which puts life without parole (LWOP) sentences in the same class as death sentences due to their irrevocability, this holding should be extended to LWOP sentences. Put another way, this article explains why being condemned to life is equivalent to death for someone whose neurodegenerative disease is so severe that they cannot rationally understand their punishment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Seeds, Christopher. "Life Sentences and Perpetual Confinement." Annual Review of Criminology 4, no. 1 (2021): 287–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-criminol-061020-022154.

Full text

Abstract:

The past 40 years have been a time of great change in life sentencing, during which the use of life sentences has dramatically grown and the quality of life sentences has markedly hardened. The rise of life without parole in the United States is a particularly recognizable development, but life sentencing has increased worldwide, and the use of other forms of punishment that hold people in prison until death has also intensified. This article focuses on these transformations by examining several important areas in which thinking and scholarship on life sentencing have been altered and spurred by recent developments. The review concludes by pointing to gaps in the field of research and highlighting issues on which social scientific research on life sentencing has more to contribute going forward.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Cunningham, Mark D., and Jon R. Sorensen. "Nothing to Lose? A Comparative Examination of Prison Misconduct Rates Among Life-Without-Parole and Other Long-Term High-Security Inmates." Criminal Justice and Behavior 33, no. 6 (2006): 683–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0093854806288273.

Full text

Abstract:

The impact of life-without-parole (LWOP) sentencing for inmate misconduct has important implications for inmate classification, prison management, capital sentencing determinations, and public policy considerations. This study seeks to illuminate these issues by comparing the disciplinary behavior of 1,897 inmates sentenced to LWOP in the Florida Department of Corrections to that of 7,147 inmates serving sentences of 10 to 30 or more years. The sample is restricted to inmates admitted between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2002, sentenced to a prison term of 10 years or longer, who remained in prison on December 31, 2003, and classified to close custody. The data show that the likelihood and pattern of disciplinary infractions and potentially violent rule infractions among LWOP inmates during 1998 to 2003 is broadly similar to that of other long-term inmates, supporting a conclusion that LWOP inmates act as a stabilizing rather than disruptive force in the prison environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

SORENSEN, JON, ROBERT WRINKLE, and APRIL GUTIERREZ. "Patterns of Rule-Violating Behaviors and Adjustment to Incarceration among Murderers." Prison Journal 78, no. 3 (1998): 222–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885598078003002.

Full text

Abstract:

The importation and deprivation models were used to examine the patterns of rule violation among groups of seldom studied, long-term inmates who have no hope of being granted parole, murderers sentenced to life without parole or death. Age and race were found to be consistent predictors of prison rule violations, with younger Black inmates being most likely to commit assaultive violations and to be among a group of high-rate offenders. During the first 10 years of their incarceration, these lifers and death-sentenced inmates exhibited a stable pattern of rule violating congruent with previous research on long-term inmate populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Dubler, Nancy Neveloff. "The Collision of Confinement and Care: End-of-Life Care in Prisons and Jails." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 26, no. 2 (1998): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.1998.tb01670.x.

Full text

Abstract:

In 1997, the United States incarcerated over 1.7 million persons in local jails and in state and federal prisons. These inmates are disproportionately poor and persons of color. Many lack adequate access to health care before incarceration and present to correctional services with major unaddressed medical problems.Convictions for drug possession and use have increased the number of injection drug users with HIV and AIDS in prisons. Determinate sentencing and “three strikes and you’re out” laws have increased the number of inmates who are aging and dying during their sentences. Their feelings reflect those of Larry Rideau, sentenced to life without parole and founder of The Angolite—an award-winning prison newspaper at Louisiana's Angola Prison—“The dream of getting out, you equate with heaven. Dying in prison you equate with hell.”

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Nellis, Ashley. "Throwing Away the Key: The Expansion of Life Without Parole Sentences in the United States." Federal Sentencing Reporter 23, no. 1 (2010): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2010.23.1.27.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Li, Lifeng. "Sentence of life without parole: Proposal for the revision of Chinese criminal law in the context of the elimination of death penalty." Frontiers of Law in China 5, no. 3 (2010): 424–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11463-010-0105-1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Schweitzer, Kimberly, and Narina Nuñez. "Victim Impact Statements: How Victim Social Class Affects Juror Decision Making." Violence and Victims 32, no. 3 (2017): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-15-00187.

Full text

Abstract:

Although the Supreme Court has ruled that victim impact statements (VIS) should be allowed at trial, the concern voiced in Payne v. Tennessee (1991) and Furman v. Georgia (1972) was that VIS might enable jurors to make comparative judgments about the worth of the victim. This study examined the effect VIS and low and middle socioeconomic status (SES) victims have on jurors’ decisions. Mock jurors listened to 1 of 3 audio recordings of the sentencing phase of a capital murder trial (no VIS, low SES VIS, or middle SES VIS) and were asked to sentence the defendant to either life in prison without parole or death. Results indicated VIS themselves did not significantly affect mock jurors’ sentencing decisions. However, mock jurors who heard the middle SES victim VIS were significantly more likely to sentence the defendant to death compared to those who heard the low SES victim VIS. The results suggest that the concerns of the Supreme Court were valid. Mock jurors were impacted by SES information in the VIS and were more punitive toward the defendant when he killed a higher rather than a lower SES person.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Hadházi, Dávid. "A köztársasági elnöki kegyelem a büntetőjog szempontjából." Debreceni Jogi Műhely 12, no. 3-4 (2015): 102–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24169/djm/2015/3-4/9.

Full text

Abstract:

The individual pardon, exercised by the President of the Republic, has recently become the centre of attention in the media and among the lawyers in context of life imprisonment without parole eligibility. This prompts me to investigate the presidential pardon in this article. I am dealing with the origins and the standardization of pardon, then I move on to the conditions and criteria the Head of State can take into consideration when making the decision. Afterwards, I am presenting some statistics. The power of pardon is stipulated by the Fundamental Law of Hungary, and the specific rules can be found in the Criminal Code, the Criminal Procedure Act and the Punishment Executive Act. I am focusing on the last one, in which the Government and the Parliament have redressed the problems of life sentence, regarding human rights, with a compulsory procedure of pardon, thus giving the convict the hope of being released from prison. However, this solution raises a few questions, so arguments can be made both for and against it.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Carmichael, Jason T. "The Forgotten Men: Serving a Life without Parole Sentence. By Margaret E. Leigey. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2015. Pp. xvi+222. $90.00 (cloth); $28.95 (paper)." American Journal of Sociology 121, no. 6 (2016): 1964–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/685708.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Sheleff, Leon. "The Death Penalty — Response." Israel Law Review 25, no. 3-4 (1991): 512–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021223700010591.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the most disturbing aspects of examining the extensive capital punishment debate, with its clear indications of discriminatory practices, ambiguous judicial directives, undeniable miscarriages of justice, controversial statistical data, and inept, inconsistent and/or unjust implementation, is the constantly gnawing thought that if this is the situation vis-à-vis what is considered the most extreme penalty with its special super due process, then what is happening in the cases of lesser penalties. These latter cases of petty thieves sentenced to years of incarceration for relatively minor delinquencies, of accused inadequately defended without appeals being lodged within the judicial system or public interest shown, of compulsory life imprisonment without parole, no doubt reflect all of the faults and errors of capital punishment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Cobb, Sara. "Stabilizing violence." Narrative Inquiry 20, no. 2 (2010): 296–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.20.2.04cob.

Full text

Abstract:

Narratives matter. They shape the social world in which they circulate, reflecting and refracting the cultural limits of what narratives can be told, in what setting, to whom. From this perspective, they structure how we make sense of ourselves, as members of a community, but they also structure how we understand right and wrong, good and evil. Nowhere is this more apparent than in capital murder trials in which the narratives that are constructed are literally life and death matters. The research on narrative processes in capital trials documents how the courtroom is a place for “story-battles” where each narrative works to disqualify the other and legitimize itself, in an effort to structure jurors’ decisions. This is accentuated in the penalty phase of the capital trial where both mitigating and aggravating narratives “thicken” the narratives told in the guilt phase; in the penalty phase jurors make the decision to sentence the defendant to either life without the possibility of parole, or to death. While some research of juror decision-making shows that jurors favor the prosecution narrative and make up their minds to give the death sentence independent of the penalty phase narratives, other research on mitigation narratives shows that contextualizing the defendant, via mitigating narratives, can overturn the power of the prosecution narrative and lead to a life, rather than a death, sentence. This research seeks to avoid efforts to associate juror cognitive processes to narrative processes and instead seeks to examine the connection between jury sentencing decisions, for life or death, as a function of narrative closure which is, in turn, defined in terms of two narrative dimensions: structural complexity and moral transparency. Using this framework, the penalty phase narratives in two capital trials are compared along these dimensions; the findings suggest that moral transparency and structural complexity provide the foundations for narrative closure in the penalty phase, as both structural simplicity and moral obtuseness are characteristic of narratives that are not adopted by the jury. While the sample size is small, the narrative data is rich, and the study, overall, is intended not to suggest a causal relation between dimensions of narrative closure and jury sentencing, but rather aims to illustrate a method for assessing narratives in relation to jury sentencing in the penalty phase of capital trials. However, at the broadest level, the paper offers a framework for examining the way that narrative works to contain violence.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Douglas, Delia. "Un/Covering White Lies: Exposing Racism in the Era of Racelessness." Journal of Critical Race Inquiry 7, no. 2 (2020): 22–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/jcri.v7i2.13536.

Full text

Abstract:

This project examines a Canadian court case that involves the largest arson homicide in the history of Vancouver, British Columbia. In May 2006 a fire killed four members of a Congolese refugee family (Adela Etibako and three of her children, Benedicta, Edita, and Stephane) along with Ashley Singh, the South Asian girlfriend of the target and sole survivor of the fire, Bolingo Etibako. On October 5, 2008 the accused, Nathan Fry, a 20-year-old white male, was found guilty of five counts of first-degree murder and one count of attempted murder. Fry received an automatic life sentence without the possibility of parole for 25 years. This paper considers this crime and the legal proceedings as a case study that can further our understanding of discourses of race, racism, and citizenship in Canada, and their link to Mbembe’s (2003) notion of necropolitics, what he terms as the politics of life and death. I argue that the viciousness of the crime, an offense involving a white male perpetrator and victims all of whom are racialized as Black and Brown, reflects the embodied practices and psychological processes that are both emblematic of, and integral to, the violence of coloniality, and the racial relations and structural arrangements of present-day white settler society (Martinot, 2010; Razack, 2002, 2005). I show how the crime, the investigation, and the trial communicate symbolically and materially what bell hooks (1992) characterizes as the “terrorizing force of white supremacy” (p. 344).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Heide, Kathleen M. "Juvenile Homicide Offenders Look Back 35 Years Later: Reasons They Were Involved in Murder." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (2020): 3932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113932.

Full text

Abstract:

Murders committed by juveniles have been a serious concern in the United States for more than 50 years. Decisions by the United States Supreme Court during the 21st century have reduced the likelihood that juvenile homicide offenders will be sentenced to life without parole (LWOP). As a result of these decisions, hundreds of prisoners who were sentenced as juveniles for murder to LWOP under mandatory sentencing statutes or its equivalent are now eligible for the reconsideration of their sentences. In light of these changes in sentencing policies and practices, follow-up research on juveniles convicted of murder is essential. This research is part of a 35-year follow-up study of 59 boys who were convicted of murder and sentenced to adult prisons in a southeastern state, and initially interviewed in the early 1980s. Twenty of these men agreed to participate in clinical interviews during which they reflected upon the reasons (i.e., motives, circumstances) for which they got involved in criminal behavior as juveniles. These reasons, which broadly tap tenets of psychological and sociological theories, were analyzed in terms of predominance. Thereafter, the attention focuses on looking at the relationship of these 20 reasons to recidivism among the 18 juvenile homicide offenders (JHOs) who have been released from prison. JHOs who lived in neighborhoods where crime was routine and who engaged in crime because the opportunity presented itself were approximately 20 and 22.50 times more likely to be arrested post release and returned to prison, respectfully. The implications of these findings, the limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Griffin, D., and I. O'Donnell. "The Life Sentence and Parole." British Journal of Criminology 52, no. 3 (2012): 611–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azr097.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Palasinski, Marek, and Neil Shortland. "Factors behind support for harsher punishments for common and uncommon offenders." Safer Communities 16, no. 2 (2017): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sc-12-2016-0022.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore individual factors predicting support for harsher punishments for relatively common and uncommon serious offenders. Design/methodology/approach In Study 1, 120 UK participants (60 males and 60 females; mean age =37.31 SD=16.74) completed a survey exploring the extent to which they supported harsher punishments (SHP) for first time and repeat fraud, sexual and violent offenders. In Study 2, 131 participants (70 Britons and 61 Singaporeans; 69 females and 62 males; mean age=31.57; SD=10.87) completed a similar survey exploring their support for life sentence without the possibility of parole (SLSWP) for rather uncommon repeat offenders (i.e. drug traffickers, human traffickers, serious sexual offenders). Findings Study 1 found that right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) was an SHP predictor for first time and repeat fraud, violent and sex offenders. Study 2 found that national identity (i.e. how British or Singaporean participants felt) played a similar role to Study 1’s RWA in being a positive SLSWP predictor for repeat human traffickers and drug traffickers of both sexes, as well as male sex offenders. In contrast to the hypothesis, however, participants’ locations did not appear to play a statistically significant role. Research limitations/implications This survey-based research reveals a nuanced and quite consistent picture that could benefit from the inclusion of socio-economic factors and other cross-cultural comparisons. Practical implications The key message from this study is to inform the public on the role that right-wing authoritarianism and national identity play in their SHP and SLSWP. Social implications It is vital to increase the legislators’ and the public awareness of the role that national identity and RWA seem to play. Originality/value The paper offers insight into factors behind people’s punitive attitudes towards specific crimes regardless of geo-cultural location.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Emmerson, Rod. "The New Zealand mosque massacre: 1. The heartache, turmoil and absolute dread of Port Arthur." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 25, no. 1&2 (2019): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v25i1and2.495.

Full text

Abstract:

Commentary: The Port Arthur massacre of 28-29 April 1996 was a mass shooting in which 35 people were killed and 23 wounded in Port Arthur, Tasmania, Australia. The gunman pleaded guilty and was given 35 life sentences without possibility of parole. Fundamental gun control laws within Australia followed. The Christchurch mosque massacre of 15 March 2019 involved two inner city mosques in the South Island city when 50 people were killed (another victim died six weeks later taking the death toll to 51) were killed. The accused gunman, a white supremacist, has been charged with 51 murder and 40 attempted murder counts, and also with terrorism. The author, a leading cartoonist, reflects on the parallels and contrasts between Australia and New Zealand and writes of the vitriol directed at him because of his satire: ‘My effigy was hung in a tree in Ipswich, and we lived daily with the threat of a drive-by attack on the family home. This sort of stuff rattles you to the core, but it also fills you with the adrenaline and conviction to barge on regardless. Such is the power of the pen and satire.’

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Delibašić, Veljko. "KAZNA DOŽIVOTNOG ZATVORA BEZ PRAVA NA USLOVNI OTPUST." Journal of Criminology and Criminal Law 59, no. 1 (2021): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47152/rkkp.59.1.4.

Full text

Abstract:

The introductory part of the paper indicates dilemmas regarding life imprisonment punishment. Further it defines the concept of punishment and determines the purpose of punishment, stating the essential characteristics of life imprisonment punishment. The life imprisonment punishment for criminal offenses in which conditional release is not possible has been taken under special consideration, indicating the legislator’s omissions, and offering suggestion, so that the observed omissions could be corrected. The legal institute of conditional release, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, in the context of life imprisonment punishment, were discussed, followed by a critical review of the conclusions of the Expert Meeting held in Belgrade on September 25, 2020. An explanation has been given as to why it is not necessary to change the existing solution in our criminal legislation; with notice that even if the position derived from these conclusions should be accepted, that the existing legal solution ought to be changed, proposed implementation would not be acceptable, because the intent (which the author of this paper does not advocate for) would not be achieved by the proposals from that conclusions, as it is emphasized in this paper. Furthermore, the purpose of this paper is to find plausible arguments for the existing solution in our criminal legislation, meaning that for certain criminal offenses or the most serious forms of heinous crimes, offenders can be sentenced to life imprisonment without the right to parole. In addition, the objective is to specify that the conclusions of the Expert Meeting which was held in Belgrade on September 25, 2020, and especially the proposals attained from those conclusions are not admissible in relation to our criminal law.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

PADFIELD, NICOLA M. "Parole and the Life Sentence Prisoner." Howard Journal of Criminal Justice 32, no. 2 (1993): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2311.1993.tb00765.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Jouet, Mugambi. "Juveniles Are Not So Different." Federal Sentencing Reporter 33, no. 4 (2021): 278–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2021.33.4.278.

Full text

Abstract:

The “juveniles are different” doctrine is gaining ground in the United States. It holds that children, unlike adults, should not receive merciless punishments like life without parole, given their immaturity, impulsivity, and limited brain development. The doctrine’s impact has been both significant and modest because it operates in an exceptionally repressive context considering the advent of mass incarceration. Unless construed more broadly, it may help rationalize draconian sentences for adults and cement the status quo. This Article offers a wider historical and comparative perspective. Over time, age has recurrently served to legitimize punitiveness toward children or adults. America has oscillated between deeming that juveniles deserve fewer rights than adults, that they deserve more rights, or that they should essentially be treated the same. After diverse paradigm shifts, mass incarceration led to a downward-leveling process whereby juveniles were punished just as ruthlessly as adults. “Juveniles are different” was a reaction to this trend, although punitive assumptions undergird its rigid age carve-outs. This Article calls for a new phase: an upward-leveling process under which juveniles’ emerging right to be free from merciless punishments would apply to everyone. This is the norm in other Western democracies, which have gravitated toward universal human rights and moderate punishment. A broader outlook may spell the difference between a conception of “juveniles are different” that casts adults as irredeemable and a stepping-stone toward meaningful systemic reform.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Griffin, Diarmuid, and Deirdre Healy. "The pains of parole for life sentence prisoners in Ireland: Risk, rehabilitation and re-entry." European Journal of Probation 11, no. 3 (2019): 124–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2066220319891522.

Full text

Abstract:

The number of people serving life sentences in Irish prisons has increased substantially in recent years, such that one in nine sentenced prisoners is now serving a life sentence. Critical attention on the release of life sentence prisoners in Ireland has tended to focus on the political and informal nature of parole decision-making. Yet little is known about the experiences of those navigating the release process. This article begins to address the gap by offering a critical reflection on the parole process, focusing on the potential ‘pains’ experienced by life sentence prisoners when seeking parole. The analysis is organised into three themes that broadly fall under the umbrella of risk management: dealing with a serious criminal past, engaging with in-prison rehabilitation services, and reintegrating into society after release from custody. An analysis of this kind is timely given the growing concerns both nationally and internationally regarding the administration of life sentences and the appropriate mechanism of release.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Johnson, Robert, and Sandra McGunigall-Smith. "Life Without Parole, America's Other Death Penalty." Prison Journal 88, no. 2 (2008): 328–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032885508319256.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Whiteman, S. A., B. I. P. Barratt, and G. S. Ridley. "A life sentence or parole conditional release approval of biological control agents." New Zealand Plant Protection 59 (August 1, 2006): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2006.59.4468.

Full text

Abstract:

Changes made in 2003 to the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996 introduced a new approval type called conditional release Previously the only option was for full release approval under which the organism was no longer subject to HSNO Act regulation Applicants seeking approval for conditional release of a biological control agent have expressed concern that a resulting approval may have onerous and costly controls required for risk mitigation In 2005 Microctonus aethiopoides a biological control agent of Sitona lepidus (clover root weevil) became the first organism to be granted a conditional release approval This paper discusses the controls on that approval and other possible options for controls that could be considered in the future

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Shabal, Vladimir. "Prospects of life prisoning as a kind of punishment." International penitentiary journal 2, no. 2 (2020): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33463/2712-7737.2020.02(1-3).2.090-097.

Full text

Abstract:

The organization of a sentence execution of life imprisonment in the Republic of Belarus and life imprisonment in the Russian Federation are examined in the article. The legislation was analyzed, and the international experience of execution of these types of punishments was studied. The statistical data necessary for the analysis are provided. Proposals are made to improve the execution of a life sentence. Based on the research, the author comes to the conclusion that the sentence of life imprisonment has a large number of shortcomings that need to be solved. This makes it necessary to improve its execution or cancel this punishment. In order to increase the effectiveness of the considered punishment, the author suggests differentiating the approach to applying parole to prisoners sentenced to life prisoning: reduce the terms of possible release, provide for a gradual change in conditions (a system of social elevators), establish lifelong supervision of the behavior of convicts after release (in case of violation of the rules of supervision, the convict can be returned to a correctional institution for further serving a life sentence).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Dagan, Netanel, and Julian V. Roberts. "Retributivism, Penal Censure, and Life Imprisonment without Parole." Criminal Justice Ethics 38, no. 1 (2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0731129x.2019.1600289.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Butler, Frank. "Extinguishing All Hope: Life-Without-Parole for Juveniles." Journal of Offender Rehabilitation 49, no. 4 (2010): 273–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10509671003716035.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Gongola, Jennifer, Daniel A. Krauss, and Nicholas Scurich. "Life without parole for juvenile offenders: Public sentiments." Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 23, no. 1 (2017): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/law0000111.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Kennedy, Megan. "The End of Mandatory Juvenile Life Without Parole." Criminal Justice Policy Review 25, no. 5 (2013): 553–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403413478159.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Appleton, C., and B. Grover. "The Pros and Cons of Life Without Parole." British Journal of Criminology 47, no. 4 (2006): 597–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azm001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Paccione‐Dyszlewski, Margaret. "Sentencing juveniles to life without parole ignores science." Brown University Child and Adolescent Behavior Letter 37, no. 8 (2021): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cbl.30565.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!