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Journal articles on the topic 'Light commercial vehicle'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Goud, P. Vijay Sai, and A. Sai Venkata Phanindra Chary. "Evaluation of Electrification of 4W Light Commercial Vehicle." Engineering Perspective 3, no. 1 (2023): 9–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7820960.

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Road transport is a prime contributor to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions in the Indian transportation sector. The motor vehicle fleet in India is responsible for 90% of the total energy consumption in the transport industry and of this, 45% is consumed for freight transport. Currently, petroleum is used primarily to generate energy for road transport and most of it is imported. With the increase in environmental issues and oil prices, it has become necessary to switch to alternative propulsion systems. Current ICE vehicles can be adopted for Electric vehicle retrofitting which aids in reducing the tr

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Dorofeev, R., A. Tumasov, A. Sizov, A. Kocherov, A. Meshkov, and D. Porubov. "Engineering of Light Electric Commercial Vehicle." Science & Technique 19, no. 1 (2020): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2020-19-1-63-75.

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The paper describes the process and results of the development of the light commercial electric vehicle. In order to ensure maximum energy efficiency of the developed vehicle the key parameters of the original electric motor. The article also presents the results of power electronic thermal calculation. For the mathematical model of the vehicle, the driving cycle parameters of the electric platform were determined in accordance with UNECE Regulations No 83, 84. The driving cycle was characterized by four successive urban and suburban cycles. The mathematical model also takes into account the t

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Babangida, Aminu, and Péter Tamás Szemes. "Electric Vehicle Modelling and Simulation of a Light Commercial Vehicle Using PMSM Propulsion." Hungarian Journal of Industry and Chemistry 49, no. 1 (2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.33927/hjic-2021-06.

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Even though the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) used in conventional vehicles is one of the major causes of global warming and air pollution, the emission of toxic gases is also harmful to living organisms. Electric propulsion has been developed in modern electric vehicles to replace the ICE.The aim of this research is to use both the Simulink and Simscape toolboxes in MATLAB to model the dynamics of a light commercial vehicle powered by electric propulsion. This research focuses on a Volkswagen Crafter with a diesel propulsion engine manufactured in 2020. A rear-wheel driven electric powertr

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Shanmuga Sundaram J and Yoganand R. "Gear Shift Quality Enhancement Parameters in Light Commercial Vehicles." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 3, no. 1 (2023): 464–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.3.1.5.

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In the present scenario enhancements of human ergonomics in Light commercial vehicles are imperative to implement customer comfort in vehicle level. Thus the gear shift mechanism plays an important role in the interface between the driver and vehicle. An exact and smooth running gear shift feel typically depends on the combination of both internal and external shifting elements of the gearbox and Change shift operation(CSO) system. The objective of this paper is to explain the parameters that impacts the gear shift quality and how it is improved by taking multiple design iterations in Light co

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Taborda-Ospina, Luis, Robinson Ortiz-Castrillón, Álvaro Jaramillo-Duque, Jesús María López-Lezama, and Nicolás Muñoz-Galeano. "Techno-Economic Comparison of Total Cost Ownership of Electric and Combustion Light Commercial Vehicles." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 18, no. 10 (2024): e09478. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n10-308.

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Objective: This study aims to investigate the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of an Electric Vehicle (EV) and a Combustion Vehicle (CV) to determine the economic viability of the EV. Theoretical Framework: Net Present Value (NPV) is used to evaluate costs over a 10-year timeframe, considering purchase prices, insurance, maintenance costs, fixed-term deposit rates, and road taxes. Method: Two similar commercial light vehicles (Renault Kangoo and Renault Kangoo ZE) are compared using a financial analysis based on NPV. Results and Discussion: The electric version of the vehicle (Renault Kangoo ZE)

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Seward, Brett, Alex Gorodisher, and Lorenzo Rubino. "FMVSS 141 for Commercial Vehicles: Applicability and Limitations." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 266, no. 2 (2023): 665–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/nc_2023_01_1036.

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Newly manufactured light-duty hybrid and electric passenger vehicles must comply with FMVSS 141 minimum sound requirements to reduce the risk of crashes with visually impaired and inattentive pedestrians. Commercial vehicles operate in a variety of noise-critical environments, from densely packed industrial yards to congested urban areas, making safe electric vehicle operation around pedestrians and bystanders vital. Though the market share of medium and heavy-duty hybrid and electric vehicles is projected to increase annually, there are currently no North American regulations specifically for

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Settey, Tomáš, Jozef Gnap, František Synák, Tomáš Skrúcaný, and Marek Dočkalik. "Research into the Impacts of Driving Cycles and Load Weight on the Operation of a Light Commercial Electric Vehicle." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (2021): 13872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413872.

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The European Parliament has adopted Directive 2019/1161 on the promotion of environmentally friendly and energy-efficient road transport vehicles, which also defines the obligations and forms of support for the procurement of environmentally friendly vehicles in urban logistics. The increase in the number of shipments delivered within e-commerce, which is also the result of the COVID-19 pandemic, requires a transition to a sustainable logistics system. New research questions are being raised in the preparation of new projects for the introduction of small electric commercial vehicles in partic

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Mendzins, Karlis, and Aiga Barisa. "External Costs of Passenger Cars and Light Commercial Vehicles in Latvia." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (2022): 1145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0086.

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Abstract The transport sector is one of the most polluting sectors in the world and 29.8 % of all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Latvia come from it. Given this sector’s importance, it is surprising that the external costs of transport are often measured only from the air pollution perspective, mainly CO2 emissions and the health effects associated with these emissions. However, other external costs should be considered when calculating the impact of transport. In this paper, external costs dependent on the type of motor and energy used in vehicles are calculated for Latvia’s current passen

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Sankaranarayanan, V., M. E. Emekli, B. A. Gilvenc, et al. "Semiactive Suspension Control of a Light Commercial Vehicle." IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics 13, no. 5 (2008): 598–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmech.2008.2001397.

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Venkata Phanindra Chary Arendra, Sai, and Vijay Sai Goud POLAGOWNİ. "Evaluation of Electrification of 4W Light Commercial Vehicle." Engineering Perspective 1, no. 1 (2023): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/eng.pers.69296.

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SWAPNIL, KAMBOJ, EKHANDE P.V., MATE AKASH, PATNI PARAG, and AUTHANKAR SUDHANSHU. "DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF PORTABLE WEIGHING MACHINE FOR LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLES (LCV)." IJIERT - International Journal of Innovations in Engineering Research and Technology NITET-18 (March 17, 2018): 54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1451545.

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<strong>A portable weighing machine is a designed and developed for Light Commercial Vehicles (LCV). Light commercial vehicles are those vehicles whose gross weight is not more than 3.5 Tonnes. This machine is used to reduce the efforts of a vehicle to visit the weighing station,instead a portable machine can be moved on the field and the LCV�s weight can be measured. This is a technological approach towards the weighing industry and the requirements of transportation of vehicles which may reduce and in turn leads to the drastic change in the entire weighing system. This research paper provide

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Harshitha K, Jagadeesha S N, and Rajermani ThinakaranTS. "Classification of Factors Used to Predict Vehicle Break down in Commercial Vehicles." Sparklinglight Transactions on Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Computing 04, no. 01 (2024): 01–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.55011/staiqc.2024.4101.

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Prediction of vehicle breakdowns in commercial vehicles is of utmost importance to ensure the safety, reliability, and cost-effectivenessof road transport. In today's fast-paced and competitive business landscape, the smooth operation of commercialvehicles is crucial for ensuring efficient logistics and supply chain management. Unplanned breakdowns of commercial vehiclescan lead to significant financial losses, delays in delivery schedules, and potential damage to the reputation of the transportation companies. Commercial vehicle breakdowns pose significant challenges to both fleet operators a

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Xu, An, and Xiang Ming Qiao. "Brake Performance Testing and Analyzing of Light Commercial Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 2188–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.2188.

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In order to determine the statistical characteristics and distributive regularity of a light commercial vehicle’s braking performance, and further establish corresponding statistical models of vehicle braking performance, large sample testing and statistical analyzing of 220 vehicle’s braking performance are carried out with brake tester bed, as well as 6 braking performance’s optimal fitting distributions and the distributive parameters are obtained also. By means of the statistical characteristics and distributive regularity of the brake performance, the statistical models of the 6 braking p

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Sendek-Matysiak, Ewelina, Dariusz Pyza, Zbigniew Łosiewicz, and Wojciech Lewicki. "Total Cost of Ownership of Light Commercial Electrical Vehicles in City Logistics." Energies 15, no. 22 (2022): 8392. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228392.

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The process of urbanisation is one of the most characteristic features of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. All economic and demographic forecasts indicate that the process of urbanisation will continue to develop dynamically. Continuous urbanisation generates a number of problems that are connected with issues such as urban freight transport, i.e., the problem of traffic congestion, noise and air pollution. Therefore, recent years have seen a dynamic growth in programmes intended to alleviate the negative impact of transport on the urban environment. A number of internat

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Vashurin, A. S., A. D. Yarzhemskiy, E. V. Stepanov, and R. R. Yusupov. "Algorithm for adapting the clutch of robotic transmissions of commercial vehicles in the light commercial vehicles and light-duty trucks class." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2061, no. 1 (2021): 012102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2061/1/012102.

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Abstract In the modern world, the main efforts of developers of commercial vehicles are aimed at increasing the economic efficiency of using cars, reducing the negative impact on the environment and increasing the level of safety, both passive and active. The use of automatic transmissions allows the engine to work in the most optimal modes, and the driver to concentrate on monitoring the traffic situation and not be distracted by gear shifting. In commercial vehicles, robotic mechanical transmissions have become widespread. In such a transmission, the clutch and gear selection are controlled

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Kemal, Çelik, Oktay Erkan, Doğan Ebül Muhsin, and Özhancı Ömer. "Factors influencing consumers’ light commercial vehicle purchase intention in a developing country." Management & Marketing 10, no. 2 (2015): 148–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mmcks-2015-0012.

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Abstract The main objective of this paper is to determine factors affecting the intention to purchase a light commercial vehicle that may be influential in a developing country. For this purpose, a self-administered survey was conducted on 408 people living in Erzurum city, North-Eastern Turkey. The data of the survey was analyzed using binary logistic regression model due to the discrete and categorical nature of the dependent variable. Results revealed that gender, age, monthly income, household size, type of driving license, type of fuel, a significant increase in the monthly income, and co

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Marchitto, Luca, Maria Antonietta Costagliola, and Alessandra Berra. "Influence of Performance Packages on Fuel Consumption and Exhaust Emissions of Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles under WLTP." Energies 17, no. 14 (2024): 3356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17143356.

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The transportation sector is responsible for about 16% of worldwide greenhouse gas emissions. Despite efforts for a sensible reduction by means of new technologies’ development, the average age of a vehicle fleet is 12.3 years in the European Union. In light of this, actions aiming at improving the efficiency of circulating vehicles can prove effective in the short to mid-term. Introducing performance packages in standard fuels could allow a reduction in the CO2 emissions of whole vehicle fleets without any modification to powertrain. Such a kind of additive is generally used in premium fuels;

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18

Yang, Zhuoqian, James E. Tate, Christopher E. Rushton, Eleonora Morganti, and Simon P. Shepherd. "Detecting candidate high NOx emitting light commercial vehicles using vehicle emission remote sensing." Science of The Total Environment 823 (June 2022): 153699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153699.

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19

Millo, F., C. Cubito, L. Rolando, E. Pautasso, and E. Servetto. "Design and development of an hybrid light commercial vehicle." Energy 136 (October 2017): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.084.

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20

Patil, Satyajit R., Sudhir P. Takalkar, Mrunal Kshirsagar, and Ansar A. Mulla. "Modelling neutral gear rattle for a light commercial vehicle." International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration 15, no. 4 (2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvnv.2019.10030184.

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Kshirsagar, Mrunal, Satyajit R. Patil, Ansar A. Mulla, and Sudhir P. Takalkar. "Modelling neutral gear rattle for a light commercial vehicle." International Journal of Vehicle Noise and Vibration 15, no. 4 (2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijvnv.2019.107920.

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22

Yücel, Sevgi, Serkan Dilek, and Mustafa Yücel. "Concentration Analysis of Türkiye’s Light Commercial Vehicle Sector: A Strategic Approach to Market Dominance." Sosyoekonomi 33, no. 65 (2025): 153–68. https://doi.org/10.17233/sosyoekonomi.2025.03.08.

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Light commercial vehicles (LCVs) hold considerable potential to significantly influence various aspects of the economy, including trade, production, and services. This study examines the competition within Türkiye’s light commercial vehicle market from a strategic management perspective. The analysis reveals high concentration, indicating a limited competition landscape dominated by a few companies. The results suggest that firms must develop strategic flexibility to adapt to this concentrated environment. This study contributes to the literature by emphasising the need for adaptability and fl

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Stefan, K. J., J. D. P. McMillan, and J. D. Hunt. "Urban Commercial Vehicle Movement Model for Calgary, Alberta, Canada." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1921, no. 1 (2005): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105192100101.

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Commercial vehicle movements compose perhaps 15% of all urban vehicle trips and produce large impacts in key areas, such as congestion, emissions, road wear, and industrial area traffic. A system for modeling such movements was developed for Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is a novel application of an agent-based microsimulation framework that uses a tour-based approach and emphasizes important elements of urban commercial movement, including the role of service delivery, light commercial vehicles, and trip chaining. The microsimulation uses Monte Carlo techniques to assign tour purpose, vehicle

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Silva, Karen Leandra Ávila da, Marcelo Félix Alonso, and Lucijacy Pereira de Oliveira. "ANÁLISE DAS EMISSÕES ATMOSFÉRICAS DE FONTES MÓVEIS PARA A CIDADE PELOTAS – RS." Ciência e Natura 38 (July 20, 2016): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2179460x20256.

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This study aimed to establish an vehicular emissions inventory to the Pelotas city, for the 2012 base year. An analysis of vehicular emissions was proposed to the CO, NOx and NMHC atmospheric pollutants, following the methodology proposed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The vehicle fleet data was obtained from the National Traffic Department (DENATRAN-RS), resumed in five vehicle categories (light vehicles, light commercial vehicles, trucks, motorcycle and bus). The categorization of fuel consumed (gasoline, alcohol, biofuel and diesel) follows distribution obtained from the Nati

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Kossioris, Theodoros, Robert Maurer, Stefan Sterlepper, Marco Günther, and Stefan Pischinger. "Achieving NOx Emissions with Zero-Impact on Air Quality from Diesel Light-Duty Commercial Vehicles." Energies 18, no. 8 (2025): 1882. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18081882.

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Many cities are still struggling to comply with current air quality regulations. Road transport is usually a significant source of NOx emissions, especially in urban areas. Therefore, NOx from road vehicles needs to be further reduced below current standards to ultra-low or even zero-impact levels. In a novel, holistic powertrain design approach, this paper presents powertrain solutions to achieve zero-impact NOx emissions with an N1 class III diesel light commercial vehicle. The design is based on a compliance test matrix consisting of six real-world scenarios that are critical for emissions

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Karamangil, M. İhsan, and Merve Tekin. "Comparison of fuel consumption and recoverable energy according to NEDC and WLTP cycles of a vehicle." CT&F - Ciencia, Tecnología y Futuro 12, no. 2 (2022): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29047/01225383.628.

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Since 1997, the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) has been used to measure CO2 emissions. However, because this cycle is unable to accurately replicate real-world driving conditions, a new procedure has been developed. The WLTP (Worldwide Harmonised Light Vehicles Test Procedure), which is 10 minutes longer and more dynamic than NEDC, has been used since late 2017. In this paper, fuel consumption, CO2 emissions, and energy demand of these two cycles are compared. The vehicle mathematical model was created in a MATLAB program using vehicle longitudinal motion equations for a light commercial ve

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Punniakodi, B. M. Swami, and N. Karthik. "Fatigue Life Prediction of Leaf Spring used in the Suspension System of Light Commercial Vehicle." International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development Volume-3, Issue-2 (2019): 1030–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31142/ijtsrd21573.

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Mahadevan Pichandi and Satish Kumar R. "Mathematical Model and Simulation for Improving Brake, Bump and Roll Steers in Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV)." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 3, no. 1 (2023): 484–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.3.1.7.

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Due to recent infrastructural developments and emerging competitive automotive market in India, there is seen a huge shift in customer demand and vehicle drivability pattern for small commercial vehicles. Various factors contributing to driver’s fatigue include driver negligence, inappropriate driving habits and vehicle inherent design error due to which a driver is forced to make frequent steering wheel corrections so as to make the vehicle run in a straight line. Thus, optimization of steering, suspension and front axle geometry becomes important for improving the overall vehicle drivability

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Upadhyay, Saurabh, Manoranjan Parida, Praveen Kumar, and Brind Kumar. "Development of Reference Energy Mean Emission Level Models for Traffic Noise from Cement Concrete Pavement in Mid-Sized Cities in India." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, no. 3 (2023): 5749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0819.

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The purpose of this study is to establish the Reference Energy Mean Emission Level (REMEL) for different types of vehicles in the mixed traffic flow on cement concrete roads in the mid-sized city of Kanpur urban area. REMEL is a key factor in a traffic noise propagation model. In Kanpur, data were collected at the location of Panki under free-flow traffic conditions on a good surface with a straight alignment. A total of 4,390 data sets for nine different vehicle categories (buses, trucks, tractor-trailers, light commercial vehicles, three-wheelers, cars, motorcycles, e-rickshaws, and non-moto

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Knorre, Michael, and Robert Brandt. "An Approach for the Systematic Development of Progressive Light Weight Spring Element Concepts in Vehicle Constructions." Key Engineering Materials 742 (July 2017): 745–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.742.745.

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Commercial vehicles are mostly equipped with pneumatic spring elements which lead to a perfect height levelling and spring rate adjustment under different loading conditions. However, pneumatic springs are not common in light commercial vehicles where passive spring elements, e.g. single- and multi-leaf springs, are still be used. Since those vehicles are covering a wide range of different loads the spring elements frequently exhibit a progressive spring characteristic, i.e. the spring rate is adjusted under deflection as soon as the load is increased. The need for light weight design also rel

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Yang, Xiao Qing, Qi Lu, and Jian Hui Yao. "Comfort Evaluation Research on Clutch Operation of Light Commercial Vehicle." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.47.

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Based on biomechanic theory, the comfort evaluation can be made to aim at improving the comfort of clutch operation of light commercial vehicle. First, the virtual model of the cab was established to predict posture of pressing clutch pedal. Then values of joint toques were figured out by using Jacobin Method and these data were brought into the comfort evaluation function to achieve the comfort degree of clutch operation. From the perspective of biomechanics, this research reveals the cause of clutch operation discomfort in a deeper sense and will provide a new reference approach for improvin

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Soydaş, Süleyman, Osman Iyibilgin, and Halil İbrahim Saraç. "Finite element analysis study: Topology optimization for the front lower arm with innovative double and complex phase materials." Sustainable Engineering and Innovation 6, no. 1 (2024): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37868/sei.v6i1.id295.

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Suspension systems used in vehicles are an important factor affecting comfort, safety, and vehicle performance. These systems are effective in the vehicle's total weight and fuel consumption. However, while lightening the weight, it should also be ensured that the strength is within safe limits. For this purpose, dual-phase (DP) and complex-phase (CP) steel materials were used. In the study, the topology optimization of the front lower suspension arm, designed for a light commercial vehicle, was carried out with the finite element method. As a result of the topology optimization, the weight wa

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Butin, D. A., A. V. Tumasov, A. S. Vashurin, and M. E. Gnenik. "Efficiency of the simulation model of a light commercial vehicle." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1086, no. 1 (2021): 012018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1086/1/012018.

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Zhang, Jian, and Wei Ran. "Lightweight Optimization Design of a Light Electric Commercial Vehicle Frame." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1939, no. 1 (2021): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1939/1/012038.

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Jadhao, Kiran K., and Rajendra S. Dalu. "Size Optimization of Composite Leaf Spring for Light Commercial Vehicle." International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 51, no. 1 (2017): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v51p202.

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Kiran, L., Shrishail Kakkeri, and Shridhar Deshpande. "Proposal of Hybrid Composite Material for Light Commercial Vehicle Chassis." Materials Today: Proceedings 5, no. 11 (2018): 24258–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.10.221.

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Khode, S. S. "A Review on Independent Suspension System of Light Commercial Vehicle." IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering 17, no. 10 (2017): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/1684-17010061419.

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Yazıcı, M., H. Güçlü, İ. Karen, İ. K. Kandirmiş, S. Malkoç, and Ö. F. Buyukluoğlu. "Optimal Design of Light Commercial Vehicle Headlamp for Pedestrian Protection." Acta Physica Polonica A 130, no. 1 (2016): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.130.262.

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N., Pradhan, Kalaiarasan K., Tharun B., and Pathmanaban P. "Modelling and Analysis of Wheel Used in Light Commercial Vehicle." Journal Of Mechanical Robotics 3, no. 3 (2018): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1463577.

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A modern wheel of a vehicle is defined as a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axle bearing. In-order to keep up with the requirements of the market, original equipment manufacturers utilize the latest technology to design and produce wheels. The prime technology which vastly helps in the production of wheel rim is computer aided designing (CAD) software and analysis software. In this paper we have utilized CAD and analysis software to their fullest potential. The modeling of the wheel is made by using CATIA and is imported to ANSYS for analysis work. ANSYS programming is util

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Lebeau, Philippe, Cathy Macharis, and Joeri Van Mierlo. "How to Improve the Total Cost of Ownership of Electric Vehicles: An Analysis of the Light Commercial Vehicle Segment." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (2019): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040090.

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This paper analyses how the total cost of ownership (TCO) of electric light commercial vehicles change with the number of kilometers driven, the period of ownership, the residual value of the battery, and different fiscal incentives, as well as a kilometer charging scheme. This paper demonstrates that a kilometer-based charge and reduced fiscal incentives for conventional vans can drastically improve the TCO of electric commercial light duty vehicles. Second life applications for batteries could also have a strong impact on the TCO of electric vans as they could retrieve a better residual valu

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Zaiton, Haron, Yahya Khairulzan, Darus Nadirah, et al. "Noise Annoyance Produced by Commercial Vehicles Transit on Rumble Strips." E3S Web of Conferences 34 (2018): 02023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183402023.

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This paper reports on research examining the extent of noise annoyance affecting residents within the vicinity of installation of two types of transverse rumble strips (TRS), namely Middle Overlapped (MO) and Multilayer Overlapping (MLO). In order to assess the noise annoyance in the area, measurements were taken at 7.5m from centre of road with TRS installation using single vehicle test to determine the extent of changes of sound level indices and sound spectrum. Two light and two medium weight commercial vehicles were used. Indicators LAeq, LAFmax, LAImax, LAIeq, and LASmax were used to dete

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Vera-Serna, P., E. Gómez-Garduño, and Rosales I.R. Barajas. "FUEL CELL SYSTEM AND ELECTRIC VEHICLE MODELED USING CAE." POLISH JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, no. 83 (February 19, 2025): 61–67. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14895246.

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This work developed the models of vehicle concept and hybrid system in a vehicle, the proposal includes characterization on light and recent materials developed, add an efficient electric motor, fuel cell system, and batteries recently available on the market with new technology, which will increase the autonomy of the vehicles, is a project that tries to shows an electric vehicle, new design, adequate to the city. In automotive manufacture and design are very wide activities to develop a new product in the world, so in this case was focused on appearance, power system, and CAE analysis. The m

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Pichandi, Mahadevan. "Systematic Approach for Static Steering Effort Reduction through Linkages Optimization in Small Commercial Vehicles (SCV)." ARAI Journal of Mobility Technology 2, no. 1 (2022): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ajmt.1.1.2.

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The steering system design of a vehicle is of utmost importance as it not only acts as an interface between the driver and the entire vehicle but also is one of the key vehicle sub system which accounts for vehicle overall performance including vehicle handling and stability. With the recent infrastructure development and changes been witnessed in doing commercial vehicle business to hub and spoke and to door to door logistics delivery are expecting improved vehicle performance particularly in small and light commercial vehicles segments (SCV and LCV) where the business demands are more for th

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Johari, Mohd Hafiz, Khairil Anwar Abu Kassim, Yahaya Ahmad, Najihah Wahi, Nor Kamaliana Khamis, and Mohd Radzi Abu Mansor. "Safety Levels and Occupant Injury Risk for Light Commercial Vehicles in the ASEAN Region: Results of Crashworthiness Data." Jurnal Kejuruteraan 33, no. 4 (2021): 955–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2021-33(4)-18.

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The logistics industry in Malaysia has greatly evolved in recent years. With regard to the freight industry, business operations depend on transportation service using commercial vehicles to deliver products in a timely manner. Technically categorised as N1 vehicle, the Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV) or light duty truck is designed to carry goods with maximum load not exceeding 3.5 tons. To maximize cargo size, the occupant cabin space has been pushed forward, hence, becoming a ‘flat head type’ vehicle. Nevertheless, the flat head vehicle fared poorly in terms of its crashworthiness performanc

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Dzotsenidze, T. D. "Utilitarian cargo and passenger light vehicle for rural residents." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 81, no. 2 (2014): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65603.

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For development of transport infrastructure of rural territories, it seems necessary to develop a utilitarian all-terrain passenger and commercial light vehicle named conventionally “Vozhak”. Variant of its creative look is proposed, some specifications are given.

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Szewczyk, Piotr, and Andrzej Łebkowski. "Studies on Energy Consumption of Electric Light Commercial Vehicle Powered by In-Wheel Drive Modules." Energies 14, no. 22 (2021): 7524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14227524.

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This article presents the results of energy consumption research for an electric light commercial vehicle (eLCV) powered by a centrally located motor (4 × 2 drive system) or motors placed in the vehicle’s wheels (4 × 4 drive system). For the considered constructions of electric drive systems, mathematical models of 4 × 2 and 4 × 4 drive systems were developed in the Modelica simulation environment, based on real data. Additionally, the influence of changes in the vehicle loading condition on the operation of the motor mounted in the wheel and the energy consumption of the drive module was inve

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İşbitirici, Abdurrahman, Laura Giarré, Wen Xu, and Paolo Falcone. "LSTM-Based Virtual Load Sensor for Heavy-Duty Vehicles." Sensors 24, no. 1 (2023): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24010226.

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In this paper, a special recurrent neural network (RNN) called Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is used to design a virtual load sensor that estimates the mass of heavy vehicles. The estimation algorithm consists of a two-layer LSTM network. The network estimates vehicle mass based on vehicle speed, longitudinal acceleration, engine speed, engine torque, and accelerator pedal position. The network is trained and tested with a data set collected in a high-fidelity simulation environment called Truckmaker. The training data are generated in acceleration maneuvers across a range of speeds, while the

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Gun, Igor G., Igor Y. Mezin, Igor A. Mikhailovskiy, Denis A. Pesterev, and Elena G. Kasatkina. "STUDYING PERMANENT COUPLING ASSEMBLY FORMATION OF LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLE BALL JOINTS." Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University 21, no. 5 (2017): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2017-5-24-31.

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Güvenc, Bilin Aksun, Emre Kural, Bülent Keşli, Kemal Gülbudak, Serdar Güngor, and Ahmet Kanbolat. "SEMI ACTIVE SUSPENSION CONTROL SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR A LIGHT COMMERCIAL VEHICLE." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 39, no. 16 (2006): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20060912-3-de-2911.00069.

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I., TAYMAZ, CAKIR K., GUNEY B., GUNDOGAR E., and CETINER I. "MODELLING OF LIGHT RANGE COMMERCIAL VEHICLE PROPELLER SHAFTS UNDER DYNAMİC EFFECTS." International Conference on Applied Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering 13, no. 13 (2008): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/amme.2008.39643.

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