Academic literature on the topic 'Light Institute (Galisteo, N.M.)'

The paper presents a collection of selected optical systems recently developed in the Institute of Applied Optics-INOS. The collection includes the family of techniques where the continuously modified wavelength facilitates high accuracy measurements of optical and geometrical features of the object in question i.e. the variable wavelength interferometry and confocal chromatic sensors. In addition, the paper refers to the construction of a new type of a spectrometer with rotating plasma and an illumination system supporting the road safety. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM. Pluta, Advanced Light Microscopy (Vol. 3, PWN, Elsevier, Warszawa-Amsterdam-London-New York-Tokyo, 1993). DirectLink M. Pluta, "Object-adapted variable-wavelength interferometry. I. Theoretical basis", Journal of Opt. Soc. Am., A4(11), 2107 (1987). CrossRef M. Pluta, "Variable wavelength microinterferometry of textile fibres", J. Microscopy, 149(2), 97 (1988). CrossRef M. Pluta, "On double‐refracting microinterferometers which suffer from a variable interfringe spacing across the image plane", Journal of Microscopy, 145(2), 191 (1987). CrossRef K. A. El-Farahaty, A. M. Sadik, A. M. Hezma, "Study of Optical and Structure Properties of Polyester (PET) and Copolyester (PETG) Fibers by Interferometry", International Journal of Polymeric Materials 56(7),715 (2007). CrossRef J. Galas, D. Litwin, M. Daszkiewicz, "New approach for identifying the zero-order fringe in variable wavelength interferometry", Proc. SPIE 10142, 101421R (2016). CrossRef A. Sadik, W. A. Ramadan, D. Litwin, "Variable incidence angle method combined with Pluta polarizing interference microscope for refractive index and thickness measurement of single-medium fibres", Measurement Science and Technology, IOP Publishing 14(10), 1753 (2003). CrossRef J. Galas, S. Sitarek; D. Litwin; M. Daszkiewicz, "Fringe image analysis for variable wavelength interferometry", Proc. SPIE 10445, 1044504 (2017). CrossRef D. Litwin, A. M. Sadik, "Computer-aided variable wavelength Fourier transform polarizing microscopy of birefringent fibers.", Optica Applicata 28(2), 139 (1998). DirectLink D. Litwin, J. Galas, N. Błocki, "Automated variable wavelength interferometry in reflected light mode", Proc.SPIE 6188, 61880F (2006). CrossRef M. Pluta, "Variable wavelength interferometry of birefringent retarders", Opt. Laser Technology, 19(3), 131 (1987). CrossRef K. Fladischer et al. "An ellipsoidal mirror for focusing neutral atomic and molecular beams", New journal of Physics, 12(3) 033018 (2010). CrossRef K. Fladischer et al. "An optical profilometer for characterizing complex surfaces under high vacuum conditions", Precision engineering Elsevier 32(3), 182 (2008). CrossRef A.E. Weeks et al. "Accurate surface profilometry of ultrathin wafers", Semiconductor Science and Technology", IOP Publishing, 22(9), 997 (2007). CrossRef D. Litwin et al. "Overview of the measuring systems where a continuously altered light source plays a key role: Part I", Proc. SPIE 10808, 10 8080B (2018). CrossRef D. Litwin et al. "Noise reduction in an optical emission spectrometer with rotating diffraction grating", Proc. SPIE 10142 101421Q (2016). CrossRef D. Litwin et al. "Photonics approach to traffic signs", Proc SPIE 10142 1014214, (2016). CrossRef

<p>An important issue related to the cultivation of plants for energy purposes and poorly recognized so far is their impact on the environment, including biodiversity. The aim of the work was to assess weed flora diversity, canopy structure and yield of miscanthus<em> </em>cultivated on two types of soil: light and heavy.</p><p>The study was carried out in the Experimental Station of the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute at Osiny, Poland (N:51^o28, E:22^o4), on two fields of miscanthus (<em>Miscanthus saccharflorus Robustus × M. sinensis</em>– M-115) established in 2004, on light loamy sand and heavy loam. The analysis of weed flora was carried out in 2010 and 2011, in mid-June and mid-August, using two methods: the frame method and phytosociological relevés. Moreover, an analysis of green and dry matter yield of miscanthus, some biometric features and leaf area index (LAI) was carried out.</p><p>The results showed that weed species diversity in a miscanthus crop was dependent on soil type. A larger number of weed species was found in miscanthus cultivated on heavy soil – 37 – in comparison with miscanthus cultivated on light soil – 33. Sorensen’s indicators showed low similarity between weed communities in miscanthus on light and heavy soil. Weed abundance and percentage of weed cover were lower in miscanthus cultivated on light soil. Weed density decreased during the vegetation season as a result of increasing competitiveness of the miscanthus canopy against weeds. Miscanthus yields were more dependent on weather conditions than the type of soil. Plant height and shoot diameter as well as leaf area index (LAI) were higher in miscanthus grown on heavy soil.</p>

Abstract Objective The International Myeloma Working Group in 2003 recognized a separate classification of plasmacytomas that occur as multiple sites of disease in soft tissue, bone, or both as multiple solitaryplasmacytoma (MSP). There are only few cases of MSP described in literatures. As a rare mylema, relatively little is known about its features, treatment response, and survival. Method we have retrospectively analyzed nine patients with MSP in our hospital from 2009 to 2013. Result The median age was 49 (26-49) years old. There were six males and three females. All but one had M-protein in serum and/ or urine. There was a predominance of lambda light chain (6/8). Most cases had multiple bone lesions (8/9).Only one had multiple solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma localized on CNS tissue and right lumber. Most (6/9) were stage III of DS for and seven cases were stage I of ISS. Six patients were treated with regimen containing bortezomib as induction therapy. And one of them underwent high-dose of chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT) at CR as part of their front-line therapy. Another three patients were treated with conventional alkylating agent combined with glucocorticoid based chemotherapy. After initial chemotherapy, seven patients reached CR, one PR. In first line combinational chemotherapy that containing bortezomib (Btz) (n=6), 100% patients achieved CR ,compared with that of 33.3% in patients treated with conventional chemotherapy (P =0.083). Date cut-off was July 20, 2013, a median follow-up of 28.5 (range2-38) months. The median OS time was 29, median progression -free survival (PFS) was 8 months. However, none of them progressed to MM. In addition, compared with the patients whose regimes included Btz (n=6), the patients who got conventional chemotherapy (n=3) had a trend towards poorer median OS (not reach versus 28 months, P = 0.116) and shorter median PFS (6 months versus 38 months, P = 0.356). Conclusion MSP was at early stage at diagnosed. Most cases were male and λ light chain type. Although there was a good treatment response, these patients easily progressed. ISS may not suitable for evaluation of prognosis with MSP.Bortezomib based therapy could further deepen degree of remission , prolong the survival. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

The paper presents an alternative technique of calculation the retardance of quartz waveplates. The technique utilizes continuously tuned wavelength, which identifies the zero-order fringe and simultaneously facilitates high repeatability of the optical path difference across the entire visible spectrum. Unlike in classical method, precise monitoring of the current increase or decrease of the interference order is not required. The discussion includes comparison of the standard deviation between the classical and novel approaches. Full Text: PDF ReferencesM. Pluta, Advanced Light Microscopy (Vol. 3, PWN, Elsevier, Warszawa-Amsterdam-London-New York-Tokyo, 1993). DirectLinkM. Pluta, "Object-adapted variable-wavelength interferometry. I. Theoretical basis", Journal of Opt. Soc. Am., A4(11), 2107 (1987). CrossRef M. Pluta, "Variable wavelength microinterferometry of textile fibres", J. Microscopy, 149(2), 97 (1988). CrossRef M. Pluta, "On double‐refracting microinterferometers which suffer from a variable interfringe spacing across the image plane", Journal of Microscopy, 145(2), 191 (1987). CrossRef M. Pluta, "Variable wavelength interferometry of birefringent retarders", Opt. Laser Technology, 19(3), 131 (1987). CrossRef D. Litwin, A. M. Sadik, "Computer-aided variable wavelength Fourier transform polarizing microscopy of birefringent fibers", Optica Applicata 28(2), 139 (1998). DirectLink A. Sadik, W. A. Ramadan, D. Litwin, "Variable incidence angle method combined with Pluta polarizing interference microscope for refractive index and thickness measurement of single-medium fibres", Measurement Science and Technology, IOP Publishing 14(10), 1753 (2003). CrossRef J. Galas, S. Sitarek; D. Litwin; M. Daszkiewicz, "Fringe image analysis for variable wavelength interferometry", Proc. SPIE 10445, 1044504 (2017). CrossRef D. Litwin, J. Galas, N. Błocki, "Automated variable wavelength interferometry in reflected light mode", Proc.SPIE 6188, 61880F (2006). CrossRef J. Galas, D. Litwin, M. Daszkiewicz, "New approach for identifying the zero-order fringe in variable wavelength interferometry", Proc. SPIE 10142, 101421R (2016). CrossRef D. Litwin, J. Galas, M. Daszkiewicz, T. Kryszczyński, A. Czyżewski, K. Radziak, "Dedicated optical systems of the Institute of Applied Optics", Phot. Lett. Pol., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 29-31, (2019). CrossRef D. Litwin, K. Radziak, J. Galas "A fast variable wavelength interferometer", Proc. SPIE 11581, 115810O, (2020). CrossRef

Polarized light microscopy (PLM) allows detection of microtubule-polymerized protein in in vitro-matured sheep and goat oocytes (Caamaño et al. 2011 Reprod. Fertil. Dev. 23, 226–227). Spindle birefringence, measured as the mean retardance value, has been proposed as a marker of meiotic spindle conformation in humans and mice. Because the conformation of the meiotic spindle cannot be readily assessed by PLM, in this study we aimed to measure the mean retardance value of normal and abnormal meiotic spindles from in vitro-matured prepubertal sheep and goat oocytes. Oocytes were matured in vitro for 27 h and were then individually assessed by PLM (Oosight System, Research Instruments Ltd., Falmouth, Cornwall, UK), and the mean retardance value was analysed in meiotic spindles using specific software (Oosight). Meiotic spindle conformation was determined in individual oocytes by immunostaining and chromatin detection, as described by Morató et al. (2008 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75, 191–201). A barrel-shaped spindle was considered a normal spindle configuration. Only oocytes with meiotic spindles identified by both PLM and immunostaining were used in this study. The experiment was replicated four times. Data were analysed by the general linear models procedure of SAS (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). A normal barrel-shaped spindle was observed in 80.8% of the sheep oocytes (n = 47) and in 83.9% of the goat oocytes (n = 62). In sheep, the mean retardance value in oocytes with a normal meiotic spindle conformation did not differ from that in oocytes with abnormal spindles (4.42 ± 0.26 nm v. 3.92 ± 0.54 nm). Similar results were obtained with goat oocytes with normal (2.94 ± 0.20 nm) v. abnormal spindle conformation (2.77 ± 0.08 nm). These results indicate that the mean retardance value does not distinguish between oocytes with normal and abnormal meiotic spindle conformation, as assessed by subsequent immunostaining. Grant support from INIA-RZ2007-00013-00-00. M. Muñoz was sponsored by RYC08-03454.

Nowadays artificial light with optimized spectrum is used in many different applications. For instance, it is widely used in museums and exhibitions to illuminate the art. Moreover, such light stimulates the growth of plants, or can be applied in industry and healthcare. To achieve the best results for each application, adjusting of dedicated spectrum is required, that is a complicated task. The ongoing research is focused on simplifying this process. In this paper we present the developed lamp with programmable spectrum, and its user interface. Predicted and measured output spectra are investigated. Full Text: PDF ReferencesMottier, P., LEDs for Lighting Applications, Willey (2009) CrossRef Pimputkar, S., Speck, J.S., DenBaars, S.P., Nakamura, S., "Prospects for LED lighting", Nature photonics 3 (4), 180 (2009) CrossRef Knulst, A. J., Mooijweer, R., Jansen, F. W., Stassen, L. P., and Dankelman, J., "Indicating shortcomings in surgical lighting systems," Minim. Invasive Ther. Allied Technol. 20 (5), 267–275 (2011) CrossRef Blaszczak, U., Gryko, L., Palkowska, A., Kulesza, E., Zajac, A., "Color mixing in LED illuminating system for endoscopic purposes", Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen), IEEE (17 November 2016) CrossRef Nanya, K., Ishigami, Y., Hikosaka, S., Goto, E., "Effects of blue and red light on stem elongation and flowering of tomato seedlings", Acta Hortic. 956, pp. 264–266 (2012). CrossRef Cegielski, T. , Bujalski, D. , Kowalczyk, K. , Gajc-Wolska, J. , Hemka, L., "Use of light emission programming in tomato grow light system", Proceedings of Electrotechnical Institute 63 (273), 79-94 (2016) CrossRef Mazikowski, A., Feldzensztajn, M., "Lamp of adjustable spectrum for photographic usage", Proc. SPIE 10445, Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High Energy Physics Experiments, 104450K (2017) CrossRef CREE Inc, Cree® XLamp® XT-E LEDs Product family data sheet (accessed 16 April 2018). DirectLink Dyble, M., Narendran, N., Bierman, A., Klein, T., "Impact of dimming white LEDs: chromaticity shifts due to different dimming methods", Optics and Photonics 2005, San Diego, California, United States DirectLink

Abstract A recent prospective randomized trial comparing standard-dose to high-dose melphalan in patients presenting with newly diagnosed AL-amyloidosis showed that oral melphalan-dexamethasone (M-dex) given monthly could be considered the current standard of care, with a median survival of 56 months (Jaccard, N Engl J Med 2007). The use of a combination of lenalidomide and dexamethasone has also been tested in patients with symptomatic AL-amyloidosis. The initial dose of lenalidomide at 25 mg/day was poorly tolerated. However, a 15 mg/day dose regimen was well tolerated and effective, with both hematologic and organ responses (Dispenzieri, Blood 2007 & Sanchorawala, Blood 2007). Combining M-dex with lenalidomide (M-dex-rev) could increase the response rate but the toxicity of this regimen is still unknown. Thus we have initiated a multicenter single-arm open-label phase I/II dose escalation study of lenalidomide administered in combination with M-dex. The primary endpoint was the incidence of dose limiting toxicities (DLT) during the first cycle of lenalidomide at a given dose level in order to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). In addition to melphalan 0.18mg/kg/day from day 1–4 of each 28 day cycle and dexamethasone 40mg/day from day 1– 4 of each 28 day cycle, 3 cohorts of 3 subjects were successively exposed to escalating doses of lenalidomide (5, 10 and 15mg once daily on days 1–21 of a 28 day cycle). DLT was defined using National Cancer Institute (NCI) common toxicity criteria during the first 4 weeks of treatment (one cycle) as the following: at least grade 2 cardiac arrhythmia, at least grade 3 non hematologic toxicity, grade 4 neutropenia lasting &gt;7 days or any other Grade 4 hematologic toxicity, or treatment delay due to toxicity that occurred during the first cycle. No DLT was observed among the first 3 patients treated at 5, 10 and 15 mg lenalidomide/day. 9 additional subjects will be enrolled at 15 mg/day to better define the safety profile and estimate the hematologic and organ response rate. Final results regarding both toxicity and efficacy will be presented during the meeting.

Abstract Introduction In adults, exposure to light at night delays the timing of the circadian clock in a dose-dependent manner with intensity. Although children’s melatonin levels are highly suppressed by evening bright light, the sensitivity of young children’s circadian timing to evening light is unknown. This research aimed to establish an illuminance response curve for phase delay in preschool children as a result of exposure to varying light intensities in the hour before bedtime. Methods Healthy children (n=36, 3.0 – 4.9 years, 39% males), participated in a 10-day protocol. For 7 days, children followed a strict parent-selected sleep schedule. On Days 8-10, an in-home dim-light assessment was performed. On Day 8, dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) was measured through saliva samples collected in 20-30-min intervals throughout the evening until 1-h past habitual bedtime. On Day 9, children were exposed to a white light stimulus (semi-randomly assigned from 5lx to 5000lx) for 1-h before their habitual bedtime, and saliva was collected before, during, and after the exposure. On Day 10, children provided saliva samples in the evening for 2.5-h past bedtime for a final DLMO assessment. Phase angle of entrainment (habitual bedtime – DLMObaseline) and circadian phase delay (DLMOfinal – DLMObaseline) were computed. Results Final DLMO (Day 10) shifted between -8 and 123 minutes (M = 56.1 +/- 33.6 min; negative value = phase advance, positive value = phase delay) compared with DLMO at baseline (Day 8). Raw phase shift did not demonstrate a dose-dependent relationship with light intensity. Rather, we observed a robust phase delay across all intensities. Conclusion These data suggest preschoolers’ circadian clocks are immensely sensitive to a large range of light intensities, which may be mechanistically influenced by less mature ophthalmologic features (e.g. clearer lenses, larger pupils). With young children’s ever-growing use of light-emitting devices and evening exposure to artificial lighting, as well as the prevalence of behavioral sleep problems, these findings may inform recommendations for parents on the effects of evening light exposure on sleep timing in early childhood. Support (if any) This research was supported with funds from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development (R01-HD087707).

Dihydroorotase (DHOase) catalyzes the reversible cyclization of N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate to form L-dihydroorotate in the third step of de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis. It is a Zinc metalloenzyme and a member of the aminohydrolase superfamily. There are two classes of the enzyme. Class I, typically ~45 kDa, is found in higher organisms, bacteria and yeast. Class II, typically ~38 kDa, is found in bacteria and fungi. Some organisms have multiple DHOase sequences. The M. jannaschii pyrC gene coding for DHOase was subcloned and expressed in E. coli. Protein purification consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation, heat treatment at 850C, and phenyl-sepharose hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The protein was confirmed in the SDS gel using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Proteomics Laboratory, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH). Size Exclusion Chromatography-Laser Light Scattering (Keck Biotechnology Laboratory, Yale University, New Haven, CT) indicated that the protein is a monomer in solution with a molecular weight of 47 kDa. A model constructed with the I-TASSER server (Zhang, 2008) suggested that the binding site contains only one Zn ion per monomer coordinated by the conserved His56, His58 and Asp302. Asp146 is further away and does not coordinate with the Zn ion. According to the mass spectrometry analysis, the protein does not contain a carboxylated lysine. Our progress on this study will be presented. Acknowledgements: We thank Dr. Belinda Willard (Lerner Research Institute) for the LC-MS and Dr. Ewa Folta-Stogniew (Yale University) for the SEC- LS analysis. The presentation was supported in part by a graduate faculty travel award and by a contribution from the Physics Department at Cleveland State University.

Abstract Introduction Today’s diagnostic tests for multiple myeloma reflect the criteria of the updated WHO classification based on biological, morphological and clinical heterogeneity. It has been the concept behind the present study to extend our current biological classification and provide a new tool to generate insight into the stage of clonal differentiation and oncogenesis. The goal of the present study was to generate B-cell subset associated gene signatures (BAGS) from the BM hierarchy used to assign individual phenotypic cell of origin (pCOO) subtypes in patients and validate its pathogenetic impact by prognostic evaluation. Methods Bone marrows (BM, n=7) were harvested from sternum during cardiac surgery. B-cell subsets were phenotyped by Euroflow standard for multiparametric flow cytometry and FACS-sorted for microarray analysis on the Human Exon 1.0 ST Arrays platform. This combination allowed us to generate five BAGS for PreBI, PreBII, immature (Im), naïve (N), memory (M) B-cells, and plasma cells (PC) of normal BM. The BAGS classifier was based on all median-centred probe sets from the data set by regularized multinomial regression with 6 discrete outcomes corresponding to each B-cell subset and the elastic net penalty using the algorithm implemented in the R-package glmnet24. Each clinical data set was probe-set-wise adjusted to have a zero median and the same variance as in the BM data set. The associated cell of origin subset for each patient in each data set was predicted by the BAGS classifier by assigning the class with the highest predicted probability score above 0.45 and otherwise UC. All statistical analyses were done with R version 3.0.2. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests. Clinical data sets were from University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences UAMS (n=559), the Dana Farber Cancer Institute DFCI (n=170) both available on the GEO website. Results First, we verified the quality of the sampled B-cell subsets based on the expression patterns of differentiation marker genes. Next, we constructed the BAGS-classifier provided by 38-68 gene probe sets (n), capable of assigning samples to each of the six subtypes of PreBI (n=38), PreBII (n=82), Im (n=71), N (n=68), M (n=52) and PC (n=43). Second, we assigned individual myeloma cases in the 2 patient cohorts including a total of 729 myeloma patients. The resultant assignments generated patient BAGS subtypes with diagnostic frequencies of 0,5-0,6 % preBI, 7-8 % preBII, 27-30 % Im, 8-9 % N, 36-37 % M, 1-5 % PC and 15-16 % UC subtypes. The frequencies were not different between the cohorts. Third, the BAGS subtypes was associated significantly with overall survival (P = 8.6 x 10-5) for high dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplanted UAMS patients1, as illustrated in Figure 1. The most significant impact was observed within the PreB-II (light blue) and M (acid green) subtypes conferred with significant inferior prognosis compared to the Im (amethyst), N (apple green) and PC (blue) subtypes. The PreB-II and M subtypes in the UAMS cohort were correlated to the ISS stage I-III with 33%, 49% and 69% of the cases, respectively. Fourth, we compared the BAGS subtypes and the TC classification2 with no observed correlations (results not shown). Conclusions Our data support a new COO defined BAGS classification based on the normal BM B-cell subset phenotypes with impact on staging and prognosis in multiple myeloma and a new diagnostic platform, which may result in more effective disease management. References 1) Zhan F, Huang Y, Colla S et al. The molecular classification of multiple myeloma. Blood. 2006 Sep 15;108(6):2020-8. 2) Bergsagel PL, Kuehl WM, Zhan F, Sawyer J, Barlogie B, Shaughnessy J Jr. Cyclin D dysregulation: an early and unifying pathogenic event in multiple myeloma. Blood. 2005 Jul 1;106(1):296-303. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

One of the more powerful applications of organocatalysis has been the enantioselective transformation of preformed prochiral rings. In the five-membered ring series, Nobuyuki Mase of Shizuoka University effected (Synlett 2010, 2340) enantioselective addition of malonate to cyclopentenone 1, and Eric N. Jacobsen of Harvard University devised (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 9753) a guanidinium catalyst for the Claisen rearrangement of 4 to 5. Jacek Mlynarski of Jagiellonian University accomplished (Tetrahedron Lett. 2010, 51, 4088) the enantioselective hydroxymethylation of 6. This worked equally well for cyclopentanone and cycloheptanone. The dynamic kinetic resolution/reductive amination of 8 described (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4612) by Benjamin List of the Max-Planck-Institut Mülheim worked best with cyclohexanones such as 8. Organocatalysts can also be effective for the construction of carbocyclic rings. Teck-Peng Loh of Nanyang Technological University found (Chem. Sci. 2010, 1, 739) a commercial phosphine catalyst that efficiently mediated the condensation of 10 with 11. David W. C. MacMillan of Princeton University used (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2010, 132, 10015) a SOMO catalyst to combine 13 with 14 to make 15. Dawei Ma of the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry employed (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 3634) the Hayashi catalyst in the double Michael condensation of 16 with 17. Daniel Romo of Texas A&M University showed (Org. Lett. 2010, 12, 3764) that the appropriate organocatalyst could direct 19 to either diastereomer of the β-lactone 20. Professor Romo also reported (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 9479) the desymmetrization of 2-alkyl cyclohexane-1,3-diones using a similar approach. In the six-membered ring series, José Alemán and José Luis García Ruano of the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid carried out (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2010, 4482) Robinson annulation of 17 with 21. Ying-Chun Chen of Sichuan University, again using the Hayashi catalyst, reported (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 6418) the addition of 17 to 23 to give 24. In another elegant application of visible light–mediated organocatalysis, Professor MacMillan described (Chem. Sci. 2010, 1, 37) the addition of the commercial boronic acid 25 to 17.