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Journal articles on the topic 'Light passenger cars'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 January 2023

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1

Ehrenberger, Simone, Isheeka Dasgupta, Mascha Brost, Laura Gebhardt, and Robert Seiffert. "Potentials of Light Electric Vehicles for Climate Protection by Substituting Passenger Car Trips." World Electric Vehicle Journal 13, no. 10 (2022): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj13100183.

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For the transformation of the mobility sector, small and light electric vehicles (LEV) show great promise, owing to their efficiency and low vehicle weight resulting in low energy consumption and lower greenhouse gas emissions per driven kilometer. The presented study focuses on the theoretical potential of substitutability of passenger car trips in Germany by varied LEVs based on the “Mobilität in Deutschland 2017” (“Mobility in Germany 2017”) dataset, for the year 2030. A detailed approach for identifying substitutable car trips was developed, reflecting age, trip purpose, number of passenge

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Butkevičius, Jonas. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF NEW CARRIAGE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE LITHUANIAN RAILWAY TRANSPORT AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE PROSPECTIVE MARKETS FOR RAILWAY AND ROAD TRANSPORT." TRANSPORT 18, no. 4 (2003): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16483840.2003.10414090.

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This article provides the analysis of the possibilities to instal new technologies in the Lithuanian railways the building of a high speed railway line I in Kreta corridor. It is advisable to project this line as a mixed one, i.e. intended for both passenger and goods traffic. The research carried out by the author has shown that light transport dominates in passenger transportation among four cities of Lithuania Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipeda and Siauliai, which transports even 81,3% of direct passengers. Buses carry 14,9% and only 3,8 % of passengers are carried by railway transport. Therefore th

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Maria Kockelman, Kara. "To LDT or Not to LDT: Assessment of Principal Impacts of Light-Duty Trucks." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1738, no. 1 (2000): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1738-01.

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Light-duty truck classification allows manufacturers and owners to avoid a host of passenger-car regulations, including gas-guzzler taxes, safety standards, and more stringent emissions and fuel-economy standards. The distinct policies that govern light-duty trucks and passenger cars are described; the emissions, safety, and fuel economy differences that have resulted are evaluated; and the household use differences across such vehicles are investigated. The result is that when the average new pickup truck or sport-utility vehicle is compared with a passenger car, there appears to be an implic

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Seboldt, Dimitri, Matthias Mansbart, Peter Grabner, and Helmut Eichlseder. "Hydrogen Engines for Future Passenger Cars and Light Commercial Vehicles." MTZ worldwide 82, no. 2 (2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-020-0603-1.

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Šušteršič, Gašper, Ivan Prebil, and Miha Ambrož. "The Snaking Stability of Passenger Cars with Light Cargo Trailers." Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering 60, no. 9 (2014): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2014.1690.

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6

Seboldt, Dimitri, Matthias Mansbart, Peter Grabner, and Helmut Eichlseder. "Hydrogen Engines for Future Passenger Cars and Light Commercial Vehicles." MTZ worldwide 82, no. 2 (2021): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-020-0603-1.

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Maier, Julia, Oliver Zierke, Hans-Juergen Hoermann, and Ivan Windemut. "Subjectivity of Lighting Perception and Comfort: The Role of Preferences and Expectations." Environment and Behavior 49, no. 10 (2016): 1105–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916516678905.

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Lighting in passenger rail cars is designed according to defined standards to implement a safe and healthy as well as comfortable lighting situation for the passengers. However, not every passenger’s demands are met by average lighting conditions; individual preferences are well-known to influence participants’ comfort sensations. To further explain the role of individual preferences and expectations regarded as stable dispositions, sensations of 40 participants were analyzed in a mock-up of a passenger rail car of the Next Generation Train (NGT) using an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) lu

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Mendzins, Karlis, and Aiga Barisa. "External Costs of Passenger Cars and Light Commercial Vehicles in Latvia." Environmental and Climate Technologies 26, no. 1 (2022): 1145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2022-0086.

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Abstract The transport sector is one of the most polluting sectors in the world and 29.8 % of all greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Latvia come from it. Given this sector’s importance, it is surprising that the external costs of transport are often measured only from the air pollution perspective, mainly CO2 emissions and the health effects associated with these emissions. However, other external costs should be considered when calculating the impact of transport. In this paper, external costs dependent on the type of motor and energy used in vehicles are calculated for Latvia’s current passen

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9

Pandey, Abhinav, Rajeev Kumar Mishra, and Govind Pandey. "Emission performance assessment of in-use diesel-driven cars." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1084, no. 1 (2022): 012041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1084/1/012041.

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Abstract The overall fleet of light-duty vehicles in most of the developing countries is characterized by various manufacturers of diesel-driven passenger cars. There is a need of a thorough assessment of the actual conformance levels of such cars towards in-use emission norms, particularly the diesel-driven ones, in consideration of their high proportion in the overall privately-owned passenger cars fleet. In this context, the study conducted on 400 number of light-duty diesel cars reported that the compliance levels for BS (Bharat Stage) III diesel cars are better than that for BS IV, althou

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Kim, Sehyeon, Markus Holz, Soojin Park, Yongbeum Yoon, Eunchel Cho, and Junsin Yi. "Future Options for Lightweight Photovoltaic Modules in Electrical Passenger Cars." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (2021): 2532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052532.

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Twenty-three percent of carbon emissions come from fossil fuels used in transportation. Electric vehicles are suggested as alternatives to fossil-fueled vehicles. Cars having vehicle integrated photovoltaics (VIPV) on the roof have recently been launched, aiming to increase fuel efficiency and increase maximum mileage by supplying electricity to the vehicle when needed. VIPV needs to be light in terms of efficiency. The use of polymeric materials, made of low-iron tempered glass on the front that contributes significantly to the module’s weight, is required instead. The use of a sandwich struc

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Abdel-Aty, Mohamed A., and Hassan T. Abdelwahab. "Configuration Analysis of Two-Vehicle Rear-End Crashes." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1840, no. 1 (2003): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1840-16.

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Light truck vehicles (LTVs), including light-duty trucks, vans, minivans, and sport-utility vehicles, are generally larger than common passenger cars and are able to take on additional tasks. LTVs usually ride higher than other common passenger cars, which likely affects the visibility of passenger car drivers. The role of LTVs in rear-end crashes was investigated. The use of statistical models of unordered multiple categories was attempted, including multinomial logit (MNL), heteroscedastic extreme value (HEV), and bivariate probit (BVP) models. Four different rear-end crash configurations (l

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Akhatov, Semyat, Arman Malik, and Berik Zholdas. "THE AMPLITUDE-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF ACCELERATION OF THE SUSPENSION OF A RAILWAY VEHICLE." International Journal of Advanced Logistics, Transport and Engineering 1, no. 1 (2022): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52167/2790-5829-2022-1-1-17-21.

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Over the last years in Kazakhstan the problem of passenger transport, concerning the moral depreciation of passenger cars, 40% of which are being used for more than 30 years, has blown up. Therefore, the road administration had to obtain the rolling-stock of light-weight type, such as “Tolgo Pendular” firm (Spain). Currently, the pilot runs of “Tolgo” designed for high-speed traffic along the normal railway between Almaty and Nur-Sultan, are carried out. At the same lime, the construction of cars of a new type gives rise for a number of questions.

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Gorbunova, A. D., I. A. Anisimov, L. N. Burakova, and S. A. Klement’ev. "Study of the influenceof the «climate control» installation on fuel consumption and emissions of harmful substances by cars at idle with a running enginee." Innovatics and Expert Examination, no. 27 (August 28, 2019): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35264/1996-2274-2019-2-10-20.

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The article is devoted to the issue of improving fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness of cars serving the administrative and management personnel of the oil and gas complex. It is established that the effective ambient temperature, the color of opaque body elements, the power of the internal combustion engine and the passenger compartment volume of the car affects the fuel consumption and the number of specific emissions of harmful substances with exhaust gases when using the «climate control» installation. However, the simplest controllable factor is the color of the opaque body ele

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Hein, Paul. "Steering systems with steel housings in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles." ATZautotechnology 8, no. 9 (2008): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03247079.

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Hein, Paul. "Steering systems with steel housings in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles." ATZ worldwide 110, no. 9 (2008): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03225203.

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Qian, Guogang, Tieqiang Fu, and Long Sun. "Research on the fuel consumption conservation potential of ADAS on passenger cars." E3S Web of Conferences 268 (2021): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126801035.

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Under the trend of automobile electrification, network connection, and intelligence, EU and USA have carried out fuel-saving research and initiatives on ADAS and CAV. The eCoMove project has aimed at economically optimal driving control and traffic management; MAVEN discusses the technical path of GLOSA (Green Light Optimal Speed Advisory) and ecological auto-driving EAD (Eco-Autonomous Driving) by smoothing the vehicle speed. The American NEXTCAR project contains multiple projects. When supplemented with DSF (Dynamic Skip Fire) and 48V technology, the road test led by Ohio State University re

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Carslaw, David C., Sean D. Beevers, James E. Tate, Emily J. Westmoreland, and Martin L. Williams. "Recent evidence concerning higher NOx emissions from passenger cars and light duty vehicles." Atmospheric Environment 45, no. 39 (2011): 7053–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.063.

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18

de Meij, Alexander, Covadonga Astorga, Philippe Thunis, et al. "Modelling the Impact of the Introduction of the EURO 6d-TEMP/6d Regulation for Light-Duty Vehicles on EU Air Quality." Applied Sciences 12, no. 9 (2022): 4257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12094257.

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In this manuscript, we evaluated different emission scenarios for light-duty road transport to evaluate their impact on air quality in the EU, with a focus on a number of cities by means of the EMEP (European Monitoring and Evaluation Programme) modelling system. In addition to the reference case scenario, where exhaust emission factors from COPERT (Computer Programme to calculate Emissions from Road Transport) corresponding to the existing fleet were used, we also tested future potential scenarios considering: (a) all passenger cars and light commercial vehicles meet the EURO 6 emissions stan

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Sipos, Tibor, Zsombor Szabó, and Árpád Török. "Spatial Econometric Cross-Border Traffic Analysis for Passenger Cars – Hungarian Experience." Promet - Traffic&Transportation 33, no. 2 (2021): 233–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7307/ptt.v33i2.3641.

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The role of cross-border commuting needs is remarkable, given that large cross-border cities tend to have high traffic attractiveness. Thus, agglomeration effects are strongly prevalent in populous settlements close to the border. This is due to the fact that both Hungary and the neighboring countries are burdened by spatial inequalities; therefore, the traffic at the individual border crossing points is unbalanced. Our aim is to show the extent to which the introduction of certain public transport modes contributes to the reduction of cross-border passenger car traffic. In order to do this, w

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20

Pischinger, F. F. "The Diesel Engine for Cars—Is There a Future?" Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no. 3 (1998): 641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818194.

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The diesel engine is known as the most fuel efficient combustion engine. Its acceptance for use in passengers cars, however, varies geographically. Today, the diesel car plays an important role in Europe; in France, for instance, it is achieving a remarkable market share of about 42 percent, while in the US its market penetration can be neglected. Many questions are expressed concerning the future of diesel powered cars. The question affecting market acceptance is as follows: can the significantly better fuel efficiency of a diesel car outweigh perceived detrimental characteristics? Such unfav

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Merkisz, Jerzy, Marianna Jacyna, Agnieszka Merkisz-Guranowska, and Jacek Pielecha. "THE PARAMETERS OF PASSENGER CARS ENGINE IN TERMS OF REAL DRIVE EMISSION TEST." Archives of Transport 32, no. 4 (2014): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/08669546.1146998.

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This paper presents the preliminary concept research to develop the test used in the measurement of emissions in real traffic conditions for passenger vehicles. Work based on the lack of legal solutions for determining the environmental performance of light vehicles – as opposed to heavy-duty vehicles for which such regulations have specified. The elaboration is to compare the emission test used in clinical approval of passenger cars, while the synthesis of the results obtained under different conditions road tests. The intention is to develop a test for assessing the ecological vehicle in rea

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Kjosevski, Stevan, Atanas Kochov, Darko Danev, and Aleksandar Kostikj. "Sustainable Transport Indicators in the Context of Introducing of Electric Passenger Cars." Tehnički glasnik 14, no. 3 (2020): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20200706175206.

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Sustainable development and sustainable transport are becoming of higher and higher importance. A scientific approach to sustainable development analysis means, first of all, identification of relevant indicators. Based on literature review and regional professionals’ view, a total of 90 indicators have been chosen. They have been structured in five hierarchic levels. A total of five personal transport means alternatives have been analyzed in the research. The AHP method of analysis has been employed in which 75 professionals from the Western Balkan countries have filled appropriate questionna

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23

Park, Sang-Jun, and Yoing-Lim Lee. "A Study on Optimization of Thermal Performance of a LED Head Light for Passenger Cars." Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 13, no. 1 (2012): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.1.27.

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24

Krüger, Michael, Patrick Nisius, Volker Scholz, and Andreas Wiartalla. "A compact solid SCR system for NOx reduction in passenger cars and light duty trucks." MTZ worldwide 64, no. 6 (2003): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03227591.

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Reed, Matthew P., and Sheila Ebert-Hamilton. "Distribution of Belt Anchorage Locations in the Second Row of Passenger Cars and Light Trucks." SAE International Journal of Transportation Safety 1, no. 1 (2013): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-01-1157.

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26

Kobayashi, Harunori, and Hisaki Watari. "Cold Roll Forming Behavior of Wrought Magnesium Alloy with Tension - Compression Asymmetry." Defect and Diffusion Forum 394 (August 2019): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.394.55.

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In recent years, the movement that banning the sale of gasoline cars and diesel vehiclesespecially in Europe and allowing only electric cars for passenger’s cars has been accelerated. Forexamples, Germany’s federal council, the Bundesrat, has passed a resolution calling for a ban oncombustion engine cars by 2030. If the ban were to go through, German citizens would only bepermitted to purchase electric or hydrogen-fueled cars. In Norway, until 2025 there is a movement tolegislation prohibiting the registration of new cars for passenger car gasoline and diesel cars.Beginning in 2025 in the Neth

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Engelmann, Danilo, Pierre Comte, Jan Czerwinski, Stephan Renz, and Peter Bonsack. "Non-Regulated Emissions and PN of Two Passenger Cars with Diesel-Butanol Blends." Combustion Engines 183, no. 4 (2020): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-2020-405.

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Biofuels represent one of the alternatives to obtain the CO2-neutral propulsion of IC-engines. Butanol, which can be produced from biomass, is considered and was investigated in the last years due to the very advantageous characteristics of this alternative fuel. Butanol can be easily and irreversibly blended both with light (gasoline) and heavier (Diesel) fuels. Comparing with ethanol it has the advantages of: higher calorific value, lower hygroscopicity and lower corrosivity. It can replace the aviation fuels. This paper presents the emission results obtained on two Diesel passenger cars wit

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de Sadeleer, Nicolas. "Harmonizing Car Emissions, Air Quality, and Fuel Quality Standards in the Wake of the VW Scandal." European Journal of Risk Regulation 7, no. 1 (2016): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1867299x00005328.

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Given that cars have become icons for flexibility, individuality, and freedom, it comes as no surprise that the passenger car fleet in almost all of the EU Member States is constantly growing. In 2010 there were about 239 million heavy-duty vehicles and 35 million light-duty vehicles in the then 27 Member States, more than a quarter of the cars and trucks on the road worldwide. It is expected that this number will grow by 31%by 2030. Not only has the number of vehicles grown constantly over recent decades, but the distance travelled by each has increased as well. Cars, and the industries produ

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Kobayashi, Harunori, Hotaka Tozuka, and Hisaki Watari. "Estimation of Cold Roll Forming Characteristics of Wrought Magnesium Alloy with Tension-Compression Asymmetry." Key Engineering Materials 841 (May 2020): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.841.346.

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In recent years, the movement for banning the sale of gasoline cars and diesel vehicles, especially in Europe, and allowing only electric passenger cars has been accelerated. For examples, Germany’s federal council, the Bundesrat, has passed a resolution calling for a ban on combustion engine cars by 2030. If the ban were to go through, German citizens would only be permitted to purchase electric or hydrogen-fueled cars. In Norway, until 2025 there is a movement for legislation prohibiting the registration of new gasoline passenger cars and diesel cars. Beginning in 2025 in the Netherlands, a

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30

Maraqa, Munjed A., Francisco D. B. Albuquerque, Mohammed H. Alzard, Rezaul Chowdhury, Lina A. Kamareddine, and Jamal El Zarif. "GHG Emission Reduction Opportunities for Road Projects in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi: A Scenario Approach." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (2021): 7367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137367.

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The transportation sector is considered one of the driving forces behind the increased release of greenhouse gases (GHGs), with road transport being this sector’s main emissions contributor. In turn, efforts should be devoted to reducing emitted GHGs from this sector, and many such opportunities lie in the road transport life cycle. This paper investigated fourteen emission reduction scenarios based on the green initiatives issued by the Abu Dhabi Government. The explored measures are either related to road works and road municipal services or to traffic movement. The proposed measures were ev

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Nelson, David O., Tara N. Blakey, and Katherine K. O’Neil. "Diesel Multiple Units in 21st Century North America: Comparative Survey and Evaluation of Services, Demand, and Cost." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2648, no. 1 (2017): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2648-05.

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U.S. officials working with finite resources to build and operate new fixed-guideway transit services grow more creative every year, finding ways to offer new and expanded services with fixed or declining resources. One creative approach to the development of new urban passenger rail services has been to operate on tracks shared with light-density freight services. Most services have used conventional commuter rail passenger rolling stock for these services, but, in some circumstances, this relatively heavy equipment has been inappropriate, and officials have been forced to consider sharing fr

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Ahmad, Sanjana, and David L. Greene. "Effect of Fuel Economy on Automobile Safety." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1941, no. 1 (2005): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105194100101.

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Since 1975, the fuel economy of passenger cars and light trucks has been regulated by the corporate average fuel economy (CAFE) standards, established during the energy crises of the 1970s. Calls to increase fuel economy are usually met by a fierce debate on the effectiveness of the CAFE standards and their impact on highway safety. A seminal study of the link between CAFE and traffic fatalities was published by R. W. Crandall and J. D. Graham in 1989. They linked higher fuel economy levels to decreases in vehicle weight and correlated the decline in new car weight with about a 20% increase in

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Tennyson, Edson L. "Analysis of Metro-Link Performance in Saint Louis, Missouri." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1930, no. 1 (2005): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198105193000109.

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In 1946 St. Louis Public Service Company, Missouri, the eighth largest transit system in the United States, was a highly respected metropolitan operation. In 1993 the St. Louis transit system was no longer among the 30 largest systems. The precipitous decline paralleled a 61% decline in the city of St. Louis population, offset by only modest suburban population growth. In an effort to restore transit viability to the St. Louis metropolitan area, an 18-mi light rail transit line was inaugurated in 1993. Using abandoned railroad facilities, including a downtown tunnel and Mississippi River bridg

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Soltic, Patrik, and Martin Weilenmann. "NO2/NO emissions of gasoline passenger cars and light-duty trucks with Euro-2 emission standard." Atmospheric Environment 37, no. 37 (2003): 5207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2003.05.003.

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Liu, Yu, Yongkai Liang, Hanzhengnan Yu, Xiaopan An, and Jingyuan Li. "Comparative Analysis of China Light-duty Vehicle Test cycle for Passenger Car and Other Typical Driving Cycles." E3S Web of Conferences 241 (2021): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124102002.

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In 2019, China issued the first national standard for vehicle driving cycle, in which China light-duty vehicle test cycle for passenger car (CLTC-P) is the driving cycle for light-duty passenger cars. CLTC-P is of great significance to the development of China’s automobile industry, and has a great impact on the development and calibration of vehicles of automobile enterprises. In this paper, firstly, the driving characteristics of CLTC-P are analyzed systematically. Then it is compared with the third-party navigation big data to prove the rationality and effectiveness. Finally, CLTC-P is comp

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Stătescu, Alexandru-Eugen. "Statistical analysis of investments in transport infrastructure, passenger numbers, and energy consumption by modes of transport in Romania." Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Statistics 1, no. 1 (2019): 430–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/icas-2019-0037.

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Abstract Economic and financial analysis is a method of knowing the mechanism of formation and modification of the economic phenomena by their decomposition into the component elements and by identifying the factors of influence. The object of decomposition by elements or factors may be a result (structural analysis), or a change in the result from a basis of comparison (causal analysis). In the present paper I propose an analysis of the investments according to the number of passengers and the consumption of energy on national transport modes in Romania within a period of 15 years, respective

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Speers, Peter. "Hydrogen Mobility Europe (H2ME): Vehicle and Hydrogen Refuelling Station Deployment Results." World Electric Vehicle Journal 9, no. 1 (2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj9010002.

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Hydrogen Mobility Europe (H2ME, 2015–2022) is the largest European Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (EU FCH JU)-funded hydrogen light vehicle and infrastructure demonstration. Up until April 2017, the 40 Daimler passenger car fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) and 62 Symbio Fuel Cell-Range Extended Electric Vans (FC-REEV)-vans deployed by the project drove 625,300 km and consumed a total of 7900 kg of hydrogen with no safety incidents. During its first year of operation (to April 2017), the NEL Hydrogen Fueling HRS (hydrogen refuelling station) in Kolding, Denmark dispensed 900 kg of

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Koroma, Michael Samsu, Nils Brown, Giuseppe Cardellini, and Maarten Messagie. "Prospective Environmental Impacts of Passenger Cars under Different Energy and Steel Production Scenarios." Energies 13, no. 23 (2020): 6236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236236.

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The potential environmental impacts of producing and using future electric vehicles (EVs) are important given their expected role in mitigating global climate change and local air pollutants. Recently, studies have begun assessing the effect of potential future changes in EVs supply chains on overall environmental performance. This study contributes by integrating expected changes in future energy, iron, and steel production in the life cycle assessment (LCA) of EVs. In this light, the study examines the impacts of changes in these parameters on producing and charging future EVs. Future batter

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Nguyen, Ruby T., D. Devin Imholte, Austin C. Matthews, and W. David Swank. "NdFeB content in ancillary motors of U.S. conventional passenger cars and light trucks: Results from the field." Waste Management 83 (January 2019): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.11.017.

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Zhong, Yongfang. "Size Reduction of an Engine Waste-Heat Driven Air- Conditioner for Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks." Energy Procedia 14 (2012): 351–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2011.12.941.

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Shevtsova, Anastasia, and Alina Burlutskaya. "Qualitative assessment of the composition of the traffic flow." MATEC Web of Conferences 341 (2021): 00033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134100033.

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The car park is growing at a rapid pace every year. According to the official statistics of the traffic police service, on the roads of the Russian Federation, mainly passenger vehicles prevail, accounting for 80-90% of the total number of cars. Passenger vehicles include a large number of various vehicles that differ from each other in design and technical parameters, with an overall length of 2.5 m to 5.8 m. The difference in overall length affects the value of the dynamic dimension and, accordingly, the throughput of the road network, which requires constant monitoring and improvement, espe

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Giechaskiel, Barouch, Tero Lähde, Michaël Clairotte, et al. "Emissions of Euro 6 Mono- and Bi-Fuel Gas Vehicles." Catalysts 12, no. 6 (2022): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12060651.

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Compressed natural gas (CNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) are included in the group of promoted transport fuel alternatives in Europe. Most studies on emissions factors are based on old technology CNG and LPG fueled vehicles. Furthermore, there are not many data at low ambient temperatures, on-road driving, or unregulated pollutants, such as ammonia (NH3). In this study we measured the emissions of one Euro 6b CNG light commercial vehicle, one Euro 6b and one Euro 6d-Temp bi-fuel LPG passenger car, one Euro 6d-Temp bi-fuel CNG passenger car, and four Euro 6d-Temp CNG passenger cars. Tests

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CHŁOPEK, Zdzisław, and Jerzy WAŚKIEWICZ. "Projection of the demand for energy sources by car fleet in Poland by the year 2030." Combustion Engines 153, no. 2 (2013): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.19206/ce-117003.

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The paper presents an expert assessment of the number of passenger cars and light trucks (with a maximum mass not exceeding 3.5 Mg), trucks (with a maximum mass exceeding 3.5 Mg) and buses for 2010 and forecast up to the 2030 taking into account types of energy sources (petrol, diesel fuel, liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and electricity). The average annual mileage and average operational consumption of energy sources have been estimated. On this basis, the projected energy sources consumption for the years 2010, 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030 has been defined.

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Alshammari, Mamdouh, Fuhaid Alshammari, and Apostolos Pesyridis. "Electric Boosting and Energy Recovery Systems for Engine Downsizing." Energies 12, no. 24 (2019): 4636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12244636.

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Due to the increasing demand for better fuel economy and increasingly stringent emissions regulations, engine manufacturers have paid attention towards engine downsizing as the most suitable technology to meet these requirements. This study sheds light on the technology currently available or under development that enables engine downsizing in passenger cars. Pros and cons, and any recently published literature of these systems, will be considered. The study clearly shows that no certain boosting method is superior. Selection of the best boosting method depends largely on the application and c

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Song, Xiaowei, and Yongpei Hao. "Research on the Vehicle Emission Characteristics and Its Prevention and Control Strategy in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration, China." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (2021): 1119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031119.

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With rapid economic development and urbanization in China, vehicle emissions are increasingly becoming one of the major factors affecting air quality. The Central Plains Urban Agglomeration (CPUA), which has undergone a fast increase in vehicle population and has an advantageous geographical location, was selected as the study area. Vehicle emissions estimated based on the COPERT IV model in this area changed greatly between 1999 and 2015, during which time the emissions of NOx, CO2, and NH3 increased markedly. Passenger cars and light-duty vehicles were the main contributors to pollutants CO

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Hosseinlou, Mansour Hadji, and Ehsan Abbasi. "Determining the Effect Rate of Speed, Volume of Passenger Cars, Heavy Vehicles and Light Non-Passenger Car Vehicles on Likelihood of Accidents on Urban Highways." Open Journal of Safety Science and Technology 09, no. 02 (2019): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojsst.2019.92004.

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Lajunen, Antti, Klaus Kivekäs, Jari Vepsäläinen, and Kari Tammi. "Influence of Increasing Electrification of Passenger Vehicle Fleet on Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Finland." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (2020): 5032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12125032.

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Different estimations have been presented for the amount of electric vehicles in the future. These estimations rarely take into account any realistic dynamics of the vehicle fleet. The objective of this paper is to analyze recently presented future scenarios about the passenger vehicle fleet estimations and create a foundation for the development of a fleet estimation model for passenger cars dedicated to the Finnish vehicle market conditions. The specific conditions of the Finnish light-duty vehicle fleet are taken into account as boundary conditions for the model development. The fleet model

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Mehdizadeh, Milad, Afshin Shariat-Mohaymany, and Trond Nordfjaern. "Driver behaviour and crash involvement among professional taxi and truck drivers: Light passenger cars versus heavy goods vehicles." Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 62 (April 2019): 86–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trf.2018.12.010.

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Beatrice, Carlo, Chiara Guido, and Silvana Di Iorio. "Experimental analysis of alternative fuel impact on a new “torque-controlled” light-duty diesel engine for passenger cars." Fuel 89, no. 11 (2010): 3278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.03.054.

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Čižinská, Romana, and Jana Chládková. "Selected Impacts of Regulation (EU) 2019/631 On Value Creation in the Automative Industry." Financial Internet Quarterly 17, no. 3 (2021): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2021-0022.

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Abstract Road transportation is responsible for a significant part of the EU’s total CO2 emissions. Therefore, the automotive sector is subject to continuously strengthening environmental regulation. Regulation (EU) 2019/631 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17th April 2019 sets, for the period from 2020 to 2024, an EU fleet-wide target of 147 g CO2/km for the average emissions of new light commercial vehicles and an EU fleet-wide target of 95 g CO2/km for the average emissions of new passenger cars, phasing in for 95% of vehicles in 2020 with 100% compliance in 2021. If a manuf

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