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Journal articles on the topic 'Light-Wood Building'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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1

Hafeez, Ghazanfarah, Ghasan Doudak, and Ghyslaine McClure. "Establishing the fundamental period of light-frame wood buildings on the basis of ambient vibration tests." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 45, no. 9 (September 2018): 752–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2017-0348.

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This research project deals with dynamic field testing of light-frame wood buildings with wood-based shear walls. The primary objective of the investigation is to evaluate the building code formula for estimating light-frame wood building’s fundamental period for seismic analysis, through intensive field testing and numerical modeling. The project also aims to propose an alternative simplified rational approach to seismic analysis of these structures. The paper presents ambient vibration testing results of light-frame wood buildings in Canada. The dynamic characteristics of the measured buildings, such as natural frequency, mode shapes, and equivalent structural damping were obtained from frequency domain analysis of ambient motion records. Using a simplified method of period estimation based on the Rayleigh approximation while using the building mass and replacing the stiffness of shear walls by their length showed reasonable fit when compared with the finite element model results and ambient vibration testing measured periods. A formula was developed based on the regression analysis of the tested buildings. The expression is a function of building height, floor area, and shear wall length and it was shown to provide a reasonably good fit with the measured results.
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2

Symans, Michael D., William F. Cofer, Ying Du, and Kenneth J. Fridley. "Seismic Behavior of Wood-framed Structures with Viscous Fluid Dampers." Earthquake Spectra 20, no. 2 (May 2004): 451–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1731616.

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The suitability of viscous fluid dampers for seismic protection of light-framed wood buildings is investigated in this paper. Nonlinear finite-element models of wood building components (shear wall) and systems (three-dimensional buildings) are developed and numerical analyses are performed to evaluate their response to seismic loading. For both the single wall and the building system, seismic protection is provided by installing viscous fluid dampers within the wall cavities. The results of the numerical analyses demonstrate the ability of fluid dampers to dissipate a significant portion of seismic input energy, reducing the inelastic strain energy demand on the wood framing system. In addition, the study revealed some important practical issues associated with implementation of fluid dampers within light wood-framed buildings.
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3

Jihui, Xue, Zhuang Shaopang, and Lan Xinning. "Climate Responsive Design and Features Explore of Paul Rudolph’s Light Wood Residences." E3S Web of Conferences 283 (2021): 01027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128301027.

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In the middle of the 20th century, Paul Rudolph’s design practice of light wood residences in Sarasota area was well adapted to the local hot and humid subtropical climate. By tracing the origin of Paul Rudolph’s thought of climate responsive design, it’s possible to realize the design features of Paul Rudolph’s early works from heat protection and ventilation, and sum up the strategies and construction of his light wood residences for climate responsive design. Based on the characteristics of subtropical heat and humidity, Rudolph focused on innovations in building facades, roofs, and spaces, and proposed a series of climate-responsive design strategies and methods. Rudolph’s light wood practice has its own value in terms of technical principles, material technology, and regional characteristics, which are both rational and perceptual, and has enlightening value for the application of light buildings in subtropical areas and the design of contemporary light wood buildings.
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Sotsek, Nicolle Christine, Drielle Sanchez Leitner, Marcell Mariano Corrêa Maceno, Marcos Augusto Mendes Marques, and Adriana de Paula Lacerda Santos. "Application of MEPLWF: method performance evaluation of the Light Wood Frame construction system." Ambiente Construído 21, no. 3 (September 2021): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212021000300546.

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Abstract One of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) set out in this agenda, objective 11 is related to the search for more sustainable cities and communities. This study wishes to contribute in this effort, presenting a method application to evaluate the performance of light wood frame buildings in Brazil. The structure of the method used, named MEPLWF, is based on five dimensions, which involve criteria and sub-criteria that analyse technical, social, environmental and economic requirements to evaluate buildings. It allows the examination of the operating results of buildings and the discovery of performance-related problems. The proposed method was applied in a real case study in southern Brazil, during the pre-occupation phase of the building. As a result, the performance identified in the building was 94%, which is a high performance. The application of the method in this case study diagnosed points that should be reviewed by the construction company, such as items related to fire protection and safety, flexibility and adaptability of the building system, environmental plan, energy efficiency and Costs.
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Sotsek, Nicolle Christine, Drielle Sanchez Leitner, Bruno Lacerda Santos, Janilce dos Santos Negrão Messias, and Adriana de Paula Lacerda Santos. "Evaluation method for building performance in Light Wood Frame in Brazil." Ambiente Construído 20, no. 3 (July 2020): 553–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-86212020000300445.

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Abstract Light wood frame (LWF) is a construction system considered innovative in Latin American countries, which has been used as a strategy to mitigate housing deficits. Since this construction system is new in these countries, a rigorous assessment of their manufacturing, construction and use is essential. Thus, this research aims to develop a method to evaluate the performance of LWF buildings in Brazil to help builders optimise the construction system in the country. The study made use of the literature to identify valuable criteria for a building performance evaluation using qualitative tools, such as questionnaires and the Delphi technique, to select specific criteria for the LWF system. Finally, statistic tools, criteria groups and weights were generated. As a result, the study established a framework with 5 dimensions, 19 criteria and 41 sub-criteria, thus understanding which the most important criteria are to be evaluated during the LWF building performance evaluation. Finally, the criteria with the highest scores refer to structural durability, maintenance, sealing and control of thermal, acoustic, visual and air quality comfort.
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6

Yang, Jing Ning, Gao Feng Shen, and Wen Feng Bai. "Light Weight Earth Material and its Application in the Alteration of Log Dwellings." Key Engineering Materials 517 (June 2012): 500–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.517.500.

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In the construction of log building, the building's insulation effect is mainly achieved by the timber tightly connected, which usually requires a large flat timber that lead to the consumption of high-quality wood.In recent years, by the decline in quality of forest resources, existing log buildings are constructed with fast-growing wood which small diameter, and larger curvature. Compared with the traditional log building, the log wall constructed with fast-growing wood has wider gap, poor insulation and poor pest control.So it greatly increased consumption of firewood for heating.To compensate for this defect, this paper make a study of log building constructions wall structured with light weight earth material. Mixture of plant fibre and cement, is used as main reinforce component, together with raw soil to enhance the ability of anti-cracking and heat preservation, fixing the mixture of ligth clay on inner side of the construcion's wall to enhance the ability of heat preservation and getting smooth wall surface by fill the gap in the wall, and easy for decorating interior wall.
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7

BAEK, Hei-Soo, Hideki MORITA, Yutaka IIMURA, and Fujio IMAI. "INFLUENCE OF WOOD SCREW SHAPE ON WITHDRAWAL PERFORMANCE IN SOFT AND LIGHT WOOD." Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 78, no. 686 (2013): 817–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijs.78.817.

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8

Hiramitsu, Atsuo, Susumu Hirakawa, Takahiro Tsuchimoto, and Takashi Yamauchi. "Effect of different types of ceilings on floor impact sound insulation performance in CLT model building." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 4402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2693.

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The floor impact noise generated in a building often causes problems among residents. The floor impact sound insulation performance of timber construction buildings is lower than that of concrete construction. However, due to the large supply of wood and the stress-relieving effects of wood, the use of wood is being promoted around the world. In Japan, the Act on the Promotion of the Utilization of Wood in Public Buildings was enforced to promote the use of CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) for the effective use of wood. We have been experimentally investigating the effect of floor finish structure in CLT model building. In this paper, we report the measurement results of the change in floor impact sound insulation performance when the suspended ceiling structure was changed. As results, it was confirmed that the effect of the sound-absorbing material in the ceiling cavity and the effect of the double-layer ceiling board were effective. In addition, it was clarified that the dry-type double floor structure with rubber vibration insulator on its legs is an effective floor finish structure for improvement of heavy and light weight floor impact sound insulation performances.
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9

Lindt, John W. van de, Rakesh Gupta, Daniel T. Cox, and Jebediah S. Wilson. "Wave Impact Study on a Residential Building." Journal of Disaster Research 4, no. 6 (December 1, 2009): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2009.p0419.

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Recent natural disasters around the world including both tsunamis and hurricanes, have highlighted the inability of wood buildings to withstand wave and surge loading during these extreme events. Little is known about the interaction between coastal residential light-frame wood buildings and wave and surge loading because often little is left of the buildings. This leaves minimal opportunity for forensic investigations. This paper summarizes the results of a study whose objective was to begin to better understand the interaction between North American style residential structures and wave loading. To do this, one-sixth scale residential building models typical of North American coastal construction, were subjected to tsunami wave bores generated from waves of heights varying from 10 cm to 60 cm. The lateral force produced by the wave bores were, as expected, found to vary nonlinearly with parent wave height.
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10

Filiatrault, Andre, Ioannis P. Christovasilis, Assawin Wanitkorkul, and John W. van de Lindt. "Experimental Seismic Response of a Full-Scale Light-Frame Wood Building." Journal of Structural Engineering 136, no. 3 (March 2010): 246–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000112.

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11

Hafeez, Ghazanfarah, Ghasan Doudak, and Ghyslaine McClure. "Effect of nonstructural components on the dynamic characteristics of light-frame wood buildings." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 47, no. 3 (March 2020): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0642.

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This research deals with ambient vibration measurements (AVM) in 16 multi-storey light-frame wood buildings with wood-based shear walls as the main lateral load resisting system. Its primary objective is to evaluate the effect of nonstructural sheathing panels and the connectivity between firewall-separated buildings, on the modal properties of the tested buildings. Lower natural frequencies, corresponding mode shapes and equivalent structural damping were extracted from the AVM records. The study confirmed that the increase in stiffness of the finished buildings was dominant over their increase in mass when sway mode periods of finished buildings and bare structural frameworks are compared. The stiffening effect of gypsum wallboard was deemed significant and should be accounted for in seismic design. The study also indicates that even when the building section were only nominally connected to the firewall, composite action in the lateral response was taking place.
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12

Humar, Miha, Angela Balzano, Davor Kržišnik, and Boštjan Lesar. "Assessment of Wooden Foundation Piles after 125 Years of Service." Forests 12, no. 2 (January 26, 2021): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020143.

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Buildings on piles have been constructed in Ljubljana since the Bronze Age. The piles were made of different types of wood. In the present study, piles that were erected about 125 years ago were investigated. Investors tend to renovate a building; therefore, the piles were analysed to assess the structural condition of the building. The building showed no signs of damage. To gain access to the piles, a 2 m thick layer of soil was removed. On-site, the following analyses were carried out: drilling resistance with a resistograph and a screw withdrawal test. Part of the piles was isolated and light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, dynamic vapour sorption, density analysis, and chemical analysis were performed. Microscopic analysis revealed that the piles were made from the wood of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). The results indicate that the wood was severely degraded, mainly by soft-rot fungi and bacteria, resulting in a significant deterioration of its mechanical properties.
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13

Zhou, Xiangming, and Zongjin Li. "Light-weight wood–magnesium oxychloride cement composite building products made by extrusion." Construction and Building Materials 27, no. 1 (February 2012): 382–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.07.033.

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14

van de Lindt, John W., Shiling Pei, Steven E. Pryor, H. Shimizu, and H. Isoda. "Experimental Seismic Response of a Full-Scale Six-Story Light-Frame Wood Building." Journal of Structural Engineering 136, no. 10 (October 2010): 1262–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000222.

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15

Polensek, Anton, and Boyd D. Schimel. "Dynamic Properties of Light‐Frame Wood Subsystems." Journal of Structural Engineering 117, no. 4 (April 1991): 1079–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1991)117:4(1079).

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16

Sitorus, Torang, and Silvy Desharma. "Analysis and experiments of the effect of reinforcement of wood beam using carbon fiber reinforced polymer against bending strength." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925803002.

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Flexural reinforcement on wood beams is intended to increase the maximum load capacity that can be supported by wood beams until they are collapse. One of the most widely used resilient reinforcements currently used is reinforcement using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) which is a combination of high strength with light weight material. This reinforcement is intended for historical buildings that need more load capacity that can be supported due to changes in building function, or the increase of the load on the building. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of reinforcement of wood beams with CFRP and variation of length of reinforcement to flexible strength of wood beams, and beam behavior reinforced with CFRP due to loading. Structural beam testing using mahogany logs with cross sectional size 75x100mm2 along 2 m consisting of 4 types of samples with each type consists of 2 pieces of sample. The first sample was a wood beams without reinforcement, the second sample was a wood beams with a reinforcing length of ¼ spans in the middle, a third sample was a wood beams with a reinforcing length ¾ spans in the middle, and a fourth sample was a wood beams with retrofitting along the length of the span. From the test it is found that the maximum load increase that can be supported by the sample with the length of reinforcement ¼ span, ¾ span, and along the span has increased the maximum load respectively that is 4.393%, 37.340%, and 48.323% compared to wood beams without reinforcement. The average damage occurring in samples with CFRP is debonding failure.
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17

Kasal, B., M. S. Collins, P. Paevere, and G. C. Foliente. "Design Models of Light Frame Wood Buildings under Lateral Loads." Journal of Structural Engineering 130, no. 8 (August 2004): 1263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2004)130:8(1263).

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18

Pei, Shiling, and John W. van de Lindt. "Systematic Seismic Design for Manageable Loss in Wood-Framed Buildings." Earthquake Spectra 25, no. 4 (November 2009): 851–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.3240412.

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Light frame wood structures make up the vast majority of the residential building stock in the United States. Because of this, earthquake-induced losses for this category of building from a significant earthquake would have a substantial financial impact on the regional economy, as well as on the building owner. Current wood-framed structural design philosophy focuses only on life safety and only limits damage through implicit assumptions. The concept of loss-based seismic design is introduced in this paper with typical loss-based design statements explicitly formulated with the intent of addressing the concerns, e.g., financial loss, of the building end-user. The loss-based design procedure was established based on a loss estimation framework that relied on the existing concept of assembly-based vulnerability (ABV). With the help of an automated dynamic and loss analysis package developed for wood-framed structures (SAPWood™) at Colorado State University, loss-based seismic design for a typical North American single family residential building was conducted for several different explicitly stated loss targets. The results from the numerical examples showed that loss-based seismic design for wood-framed structures is a viable concept that can serve as an important step in the evolution of end-user oriented, performance-based seismic design (PBSD).
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19

Pajchrowski, Grzegorz, Andrzej Noskowiak, Anna Lewandowska, and Wladysław Strykowski. "Wood as a building material in the light of environmental assessment of full life cycle of four buildings." Construction and Building Materials 52 (February 2014): 428–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.066.

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20

Mohamed, Essam H. "The effect of the reciprocal relations of the deterioration symptoms in different building materials in some of historic Cairo's buildings." Resourceedings 2, no. 2 (September 2, 2019): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.21625/resourceedings.v2i2.612.

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In the present study, since historic Cairo established, limestone and woods have been used for building construction alongside. The building materials representingcase studies in historic Cairo are affected by different deterioration factors, such as rising ground water level, the salt weathering, air pollution, frequency between temperatureandrelative humidity, and microbiological deterioration.From case studies survey various types of weathering forms were observed, such as granular disintegration, splitting in the wooden lintel, the efflorescence of salt, pitting in limestone surface, black spots in limestone surface due to microbiological deterioration, black crust and peeling, flaking of painting layers, etc. The aim of this study is to identify on the reciprocal relations ofthe deterioration symptoms in different building materials (limestonewood) used in some of historic Cairo's buildings. The samples were collected from different sites, investigated by several scientific techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), EDX analytical methods, Fourier Transform Infrared Microscopy (FTIR) to detect the changes of the main wood components (cellulose,, lignin), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Polarizing Light Microscopy (PLM), Stereo Microscopy, and microbiological investigation were also done. The results of the study indicated that there was a fungal infection on the surface of limestone, in particular which is found close to the wooden elements, microbiological investigation was shownthe following fungi:,,,,,. From investigation of wood samples are shown that there is a rise moisture content in the wood materials, due to direct connection between them and adjacent the stones, in addition to crystallized salts found in wood fiber and internal structure of limestone, such as NaCl, CaSO4.2H2O, CaSO4; due to the effect ofbuilding material properties on each other. Furthermore, the physical and mechanical properties tests of building materials indicated that reduction in its properties.
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21

van de Lindt, John W., Shiling Pei, Hongyan Liu, and Andre Filiatrault. "Three-Dimensional Seismic Response of a Full-Scale Light-Frame Wood Building: Numerical Study." Journal of Structural Engineering 136, no. 1 (January 2010): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000086.

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22

Pei, S., and J. W. van de Lindt. "Seismic Numerical Modeling of a Six-Story Light-Frame Wood Building: Comparison with Experiments." Journal of Earthquake Engineering 15, no. 6 (June 29, 2011): 924–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2010.544840.

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23

Lazov, Lyubomir, Pavels Narica, Janis Valiniks, Antons Pacejs, Hristina Deneva, and Dainis Klavins. "OPTIMIZATION OF CO2 LASER PARAMETERS FOR WOOD CUTTIOPTIMIZATION OF CO2 LASER PARAMETERS FOR WOOD CUTTING." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 15, 2017): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol3.2624.

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By taking advantage of the best characteristics of wood, modern production methods can offer hard wearing and ecological solutions in industrial construction, house building, machinery construction, furniture manufacturing, transport and many other industries. Laser cutting process is an alternative choice to prepare the final shape of wood parts. Materials like wood have good laser light absorption of wavelength 10600 nm. In this paper a CO2 laser system with a maximum continuous-wave output power of 150 W is described and used in studying laser cutting process of wood materials. Cut depth is evaluated with variation of values of laser power and cutting speed. Additionally, optimal values of parameters for laser cutting of different wood plate thicknesses are determined and graphs are created showing the results.
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24

Watchman, Mélanie, André Potvin, and Claude M. H. Demers. "A post-occupancy evaluation of the influence of wood on environmental comfort." BioResources 12, no. 4 (October 3, 2017): 8704–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.8704-8724.

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Emerging research on the impact of interior finishes, more specifically wood, is beginning to shed light on informed design opportunities. As a natural building material with unique features, wood creates warm and pleasant atmospheres and has the potential of enhancing the well-being of occupants. This research attempted to better understand how occupants perceive wood in built environments and whether its indoor use influenced the satisfaction of occupants. The comfort of occupants may have been influenced by factors that were unrelated to the indoor environmental quality, which caused difficulties in comparing interior finishes in existing environments and limited research in this field. An exploratory comparative study, within a post-occupancy evaluation framework, investigated the subjective perception of occupants in relation to physical comfort factors. Thirty-six occupants completed a questionnaire to examine comfort satisfaction in a multifunctional room with extensive wooden interior finishes in comparison with a similar space without wood surfaces. The results indicated that occupants were more satisfied in the extensive wood surfaced room in terms of lighting, noise, and temperature, despite the similar environmental conditions in both spaces. Adjectives often used to describe the wood room included bright, pleasant, modern, and warm. Architects should consider the subjective qualities of wood when designing comfortable buildings.
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25

Guy, Bradley. "The Optimization of Building Deconstruction for Department of Defense Facilities: Ft. McClellan Deconstruction Project." Journal of Green Building 1, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 102–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.1.1.102.

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Deconstruction is the selective dismantling of building structures to recover the maximum amount of primarily reusable and secondarily recyclable materials in a safe and cost-effective manner. Deconstruction is a labor intensive process and can be difficult to achieve in a time-efficient and economical manner for light wood-framed buildings. Deconstruction techniques that balance hand and mechanical labor must be developed to maintain the integrity of materials for reuse and obtain maximum salvage value per unit of cost and time-on-site. This project entailed the removal of three identical WWII-era two-story wood-framed barracks buildings at Ft. McClellan Army Base, Anniston, AL, using hand deconstruction, combined mechanical and hand deconstruction techniques, and a traditional demolition method, i.e., mechanical reduction and disposal, in order to determine “optimal” deconstruction techniques based on salvage value per unit of cost. The maximum practical materials salvage from the study buildings using 100% hand deconstruction techniques was 39% of the mass by weight. A combination of hand and mechanical techniques was discovered to have approximately the same economic efficiency as 100% hand deconstruction, measured as a ratio of gross cost per salvage value, with a 44.6% reduction in total labor-hours, and a reduction of only 7% of salvage materials by weight. These findings indicate the potential for greatly increasing wood-framed building deconstruction practice relative to the additional time-on-site and labor that is required, compared to demolition, while optimizing economic benefits. This paper describes the research methods and deconstruction techniques employed, and lessons learned to advance the practice of deconstruction to be more economically competitive and time-efficient.
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26

Major, Maciej, and Mariusz Kosiń. "Effect of Steel Framing for Securing Drywall Panels on Thermal and Humidity Parameters of the Outer Walls." Civil and Environmental Engineering 13, no. 2 (December 20, 2017): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cee-2017-0011.

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Abstract The paper analyses the effect of steel framing used to secure drywall panels on thermal and humidity properties of outer walls. In the practice of building a light structure, the most popular components are steel and wood studs. They are used to obtain framing for building a wall (an outer wall in this study). Analysis presented in this study concerned the corner of the outer wall build using the technology of light steel framing. Computer simulation was used to perform thermal and humidity analysis for the joint of the outer wall.
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27

Collins, M., B. Kasal, P. Paevere, and G. C. Foliente. "Three-Dimensional Model of Light Frame Wood Buildings. I: Model Description." Journal of Structural Engineering 131, no. 4 (April 2005): 676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2005)131:4(676).

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28

Boudreault, F. A., C. Blais, and C. A. Rogers. "Seismic force modification factors for light-gauge steel-frame - wood structural panel shear walls." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-097.

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Design guidelines for laterally loaded light-gauge steel-frame – wood structural panel shear walls are not available in Canadian codes. A design method for the calculation of shear stiffness and strength has been developed for use with the 2005 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC), however. This method was based on the analysis, using an equivalent energy elastic–plastic (EEEP) approach, of over 180 single-storey shear wall tests of various configurations. Ductility-related (Rd) and overstrength-related (Ro) force modification factors also need to be defined to calculate equivalent static seismic forces following the 2005 NBCC. This paper describes the development of these two factors based on the EEEP analysis of the shear wall test results. To verify the "test-based" Rdand Rovalues, nonlinear time-history dynamic analyses of two representative buildings were carried out using a suite of 10 earthquake records scaled to the 2% in 50 year uniform hazard spectrum (UHS) for Vancouver, British Columbia. Preliminary values have been determined for the force modification factors, namely Rd= 2.5 and Ro= 1.7.Key words: shear wall, light-gauge steel, wood structural panel, seismic, R value.
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29

Wang, Haidong, Andrew Scanlon, Shouping Shang, and Fanglong He. "Comparison of Seismic Experiments on Traditional Chinese Wood Structures and Light Wood-Framed Structures." Journal of Structural Engineering 139, no. 11 (November 2013): 2038–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000766.

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30

Branston, A. E., C. Y. Chen, F. A. Boudreault, and C. A. Rogers. "Testing of light-gauge steel-frame - wood structural panel shear walls." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 561–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-014.

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At present, no Canadian document is available with which engineers can design light-gauge steel-frame – wood structural panel shear walls that are relied upon to resist lateral in-plane loading (earthquake and wind). For this reason, a research project was initiated with the overall goal of developing a shear wall design method that could be used in conjunction with the 2005 National Building Code of Canada. The initial phase of the project was to conduct an experimental study to provide information on the response of single-storey shear walls. An extensive program of tests was completed on walls composed of 1.12 mm thick 230 MPa grade steel framing sheathed with 12.5 mm Douglas-fir plywood, Canadian softwood plywood, or 11 mm oriented strand board wood structural panels. Various wall lengths and connection patterns were incorporated into the program of monotonic and reversed cyclic tests. The scope of testing was selected such that it added to the North American database of information for steel-frame – wood structural panel shear walls. Information on the test program and the general results are provided in this paper.Key words: shear wall, light-gauge steel, wood structural panel, earthquake, wind.
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31

Lindt, J. W. Van de, S. Pei, and S. E. Pryor. "Construction and Experimental Seismic Performance of a Full-scale Six-story Light-frame Wood Building." Procedia Engineering 14 (2011): 1599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.07.201.

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32

Branston, A. E., F. A. Boudreault, C. Y. Chen, and C. A. Rogers. "Light-gauge steel-frame – wood structural panel shear wall design method." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 872–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-036.

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Design guidelines for laterally loaded (wind and seismic) light-gauge steel-frame – wood structural panel shear walls are currently unavailable in Canadian standards and codes. A research project was initiated at McGill University in 2001 with the objective of developing a shear wall design method that could be used in conjunction with the 2005 National Building Code of Canada (NBCC). An extensive program of tests was first carried out to establish a database of shear wall information. The equivalent energy elastic–plastic (EEEP) analysis approach was then chosen to derive key design parameters for the shear walls, including nominal shear strength, elastic stiffness, overstrength, and ductility. This paper presents the development of the proposed design method, the resulting nominal strength and unit elastic stiffness values according to typical perimeter fastener schedules and sheathing type, and the calibration of a resistance factor to the 2005 NBCC wind loads. Overstrength values used for a capacity-based seismic design approach and factors of safety for wind loading are also provided.Key words: shear wall, light-gauge steel, wood structural panel, earthquake, wind, design.
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33

Maloney, Timothy, Bruce Ellingwood, Hussam Mahmoud, Naiyu Wang, Yingjun Wang, and Peihui Lin. "Performance and risk to light-framed wood residential buildings subjected to tornadoes." Structural Safety 70 (January 2018): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.strusafe.2017.10.004.

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34

Linton, David, Rakesh Gupta, Dan Cox, and John van de Lindt. "Load Distribution in Light-Frame Wood Buildings under Experimentally Simulated Tsunami Loads." Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities 29, no. 1 (February 2015): 04014030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000487.

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35

Sibilla, Luboš, Milan Vlček, Karel Struhala, and Pavel Kříž. "Influence of Orientation of Building on Indoor Conditions in a Roof Truss." Applied Mechanics and Materials 824 (January 2016): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.824.267.

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Protection of historical roof trusses is an important part of efforts to protect our cultural heritage. These timber structures carry a lot of information about used tools, technologies or construction processes. Roof trusses are generally threatened by many dangers, which could cause irreparable damage and loss of the carried information. Wood destroying insects and fungi are the gravest threat to historical roof trusses in our climatic conditions. Their spreading depends on several specific (interior) conditions. These include critical moisture content in the wood, relative humidity, amount of natural light and ventilation. In addition to these commonly monitored parameters (and their critical levels) we also must not forget the influence of local geography, biotope or orientation to the cardinal. This paper describes temporal fluctuations of some of the mentioned physical parameters in a historical roof truss with regard to external climatic conditions and orientation to the cardinal.
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36

Cramer, Steven M., and Ronald W. Wolfe. "Load‐Distribution Model for Light‐Frame Wood Roof Assemblies." Journal of Structural Engineering 115, no. 10 (October 1989): 2603–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1989)115:10(2603).

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37

Cramer, Steven M., John M. Drozdek, and Ronald W. Wolfe. "Load Sharing Effects in Light-Frame Wood-Truss Assemblies." Journal of Structural Engineering 126, no. 12 (December 2000): 1388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2000)126:12(1388).

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38

Bakhtina, Tamara, Nikolay Lyubomirskiy, and Aleksandr Bakhtin. "Sequestration of carbon dioxide into building products based on the dolomite binder of carbonate hardening." E3S Web of Conferences 97 (2019): 02024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199702024.

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The paper covers the method of obtaining efficient structural heat-insulating and heat-insulating construction products based on sawdust and lime binder hardening in the medium of carbon dioxide. Building composites based on wood-cement compositions have several advantages compared to traditional concrete products, but at the same time there are several features such as incompatibility of cement binder with a certain type of wood due to the release of extractive substances by the wood and retardation of the binder which complicate the receiving technology. The use of a binder that was not affected by extractives, such as dolomite carbonate binder, greatly simplifies the production of finished products. Performed researches have shown the possibility of obtaining light building materials based on sawdust and lime binder of carbonate hardening. The process of obtaining samples in a specially designed mold takes 4-8 minutes; after that the samples achieve the required characteristics. The samples extracted from the mold do not require additional exposure and have specified geometrical and physico-mechanical parameters.
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39

Chen, C. Y., F. A. Boudreault, A. E. Branston, and C. A. Rogers. "Behaviour of light-gauge steel-frame – wood structural panel shear walls." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 33, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 573–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l06-015.

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The second phase of the research project to develop a shear wall design method that could be used in conjunction with the 2005 National Building Code of Canada involved evaluation of the performance characteristics of the tested steel-frame – wood structural panel shear walls. A nonlinear and pinched resistance versus deflection hysteretic behaviour was exhibited, although in most cases the walls could sustain large inelastic deformation cycles with limited strength degradation. A significant amount of energy could be dissipated under reversed cyclic loading. Walls 1220 mm and 2440 mm in length were able to develop their maximum capacity at similar displacement levels; however, the 610 mm long walls required significantly larger displacements prior to reaching their ultimate shear resistance. The performance of the walls was directly linked to the behaviour of the sheathing-to-framing screw connections, except in one case in which local buckling of the chord studs controlled the ultimate shear resistance. Given the behaviour observed during testing, this type of wall construction can be relied on to resist lateral loading, including earthquake effects in the inelastic range, assuming the designer ensures that failure of the wall is limited to the sheathing-to-framing connections.Key words: shear wall, light-gauge steel, wood structural panel, earthquake, wind.
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40

Rusinová, Marie, and Jiří Šlanhof. "Fire Safety of Apartment Buildings Fabricated from Glued Sandwich Panels Compared with the more Frequently Used Structural Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 861 (December 2016): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.861.104.

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At present, the trend in new building techniques is to move towards light construction systems, and efforts are also being made to use such techniques with multi-storey buildings. It is a characteristic of the Light Building construction system that a substantial part of the structure of a building is made up of thermal insulation, and heavy and wet processes are eliminated. The article focuses on the options for the use of a specific new technique which utilizes the advantages of large-format construction panels composed of 15 mm thick wood chipboard cladding glued using a polyurethane adhesive directly onto rigid thermal insulation, which is most frequently made from façade polystyrene. No other reinforcement is used. The consistency and load-bearing capacity of the panels are exclusively provided by the gluing of the insulation to the cladding using a polyurethane adhesive. The contribution focuses on the prospects for the use of this interesting technique from the aspect of the fire safety of apartment buildings; so far it has only been used for family homes. The contribution also contains a comparison of construction-related technical and financial indicators of use of this technique with standard construction systems employed for timber structures and also with traditional ceramic masonry from the viewpoint of the fire resistance of individual structures.
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41

Slunská, Sylvie. "Application of Colored Impregnating Glazes on Wood and Color Changes due to Artificial Aging." Advanced Materials Research 1122 (August 2015): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1122.3.

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Wood as organic material is extremely stressed and it is surface may be damaged over time due to atmospheric effects, mainly due to solar radiation and exposure to water. The purpose of this experiment is to compare colour changes of selected impregnation stain the wood, which in practice is primarily used for facade systems. These are among some of the most stressed parts of the building and construction, they must be paid great attention. Wood samples were painted with a colour glaze impregnation and subsequently subjected to artificial aging. The results show that the type of selected species, but also finish before applying a waterproofing glaze can affect subsequent changes light fastness whether, it is a lightening or darkening.
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42

Shen, De Jun, and Wei Qiao Jiang. "Poplar Wood Stain Research." Advanced Materials Research 962-965 (June 2014): 672–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.962-965.672.

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With the high quality natural forest resources dwindling , since some species of wood with natural colors, such as pumping wood , ebony, rosewood , etc., not only material of high value , but also very expensive wood color . However, these are expensive and precious wood in short supply and will therefore valuable timber and wood stain to meet the market demand is similar . Low-quality hardwood stained only bright color, texture clear , three-dimensional sense of strong, but without losing the characteristics of natural wood , and organize production according to market demand the formation of industrialized products in order to improve the utilization of low-quality wood , decorative building materials to increase the existing varieties purposes. Therefore, the use of poplar simulate the market needed precious wood has important practical significance . In addition, light color white poplar wood , in the natural growth process still exists heartwood and sapwood and sooner or later material defects such as chromatic aberration , especially wood treatment is not promptly will result in discoloration, the direct use of the logs are often unable to meet the requirements of decoration . Therefore . The thicker sheet dyed precious poplar wood color , and then prepared to meet the customer poplar wood timber strength and decorative requirements, improve the added value of the use of wood , particularly after dyeing material available performance has been greatly improved.
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43

Holman, Justin, Rakesh Gupta, and Thomas H. Miller. "Load Paths in Light-Frame Wood House with Complex Geometry." Journal of Architectural Engineering 27, no. 2 (June 2021): 06021001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)ae.1943-5568.0000461.

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44

Mensah, Akwasi F., Peter L. Datin, David O. Prevatt, Rakesh Gupta, and John W. van de Lindt. "Database-assisted design methodology to predict wind-induced structural behavior of a light-framed wood building." Engineering Structures 33, no. 2 (February 2011): 674–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2010.11.028.

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45

Zhang, Sigong, Hossein Daneshvar, and Ying Hei Chui. "Comparison of Lateral Load Performance of Light Wood Diaphragms Built with Sawn Lumber and Wood I-Joists." Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 33, no. 1 (January 2021): 04020422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0003544.

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46

Lempang, Mody. "Basic properties and uses of agathis (Agathis hamii M. Dr.) wood from South Sulawesi." Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2017): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.18330/jwallacea.2017.vol6iss2pp157-167.

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Wood proper uses of tree species can be determined by it’s basic properties. This research was carried out to examine the basic properties (anatomical structure, chemical, physical and mechanical) of agathis (Agathis hamii M. Dr.) wood from natural forest in Sulawesi. Proper uses of wood was determined by considering their basic properties and uses which the local community have currently employed. Results revealed that agathis heartwood is whitenish to yellow brownish colour; fine texture; straigh grain; glossy; rather soft; moderate in specific gravity; moderate in dimensional shrinkage; strenght class III; high in cellulose and pentose content; low in lignin, extractive and ash content; remarkably long fiber and thin wall thickness; fiber grade is very good for pulp/paper manufacture. Appropirate uses of agathis are for light construction material in house building and certain ship components, furniture, handicraft and wood industry.
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47

Doudak, G., G. McClure, and I. Smith. "Experimental Evaluation of Load Paths in Light-Frame Wood Structure." Journal of Structural Engineering 138, no. 2 (February 2012): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0000439.

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48

Waltz, Miles E., Thomas E. McLain, Thomas H. Miller, and Robert J. Leichti. "Discrete Bracing Analysis for Light-Frame Wood-Truss Compression Webs." Journal of Structural Engineering 126, no. 9 (September 2000): 1086–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(2000)126:9(1086).

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49

Nevill, Justin B., and Franklin T. Lombardo. "Structural Functionality Scale for Light-Framed Wood Buildings with Indicators for Windstorm Damage." Journal of Structural Engineering 146, no. 4 (April 2020): 04020033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002551.

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50

Candra, Agata Iwan, and Eko Siswanto. "REKAYASA JOB MIX BETON RINGAN MENGGUNAKAN HYDROTON DAN MASTER EASE 5010." Jurnal CIVILA 3, no. 2 (October 16, 2018): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/cvl.v3i2.258.

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Concrete is a composite building material that functions very widely in the field of construction. This object is quite environmentally friendly in its application, because its existence can reduce the use of wood in the world of construction construction. But the size of the excess weight that is owned by the concrete structure when compared with wood is still less efficient, especially in the application for building construction with a building height of more than one floor. lighter.On this occasion we tried to use a number of aggregate combinations to design a lightweight concrete formula mix design to match the specified spec. The composition and aggregates that we use are type I portland cement, Master Ease 5010 additive, Hydroton, Batu Gombong as coarse aggregates and sand which are used as fine aggregates. Hydrotonini has hard and light characteristics. Shaped like spheres - small spheres measuring 1 - 2.5cm, usually used as alternative planting media in general. With such characteristics Hydroton is considered able to be used as a coarse aggregate substitute in the manufacture of lightweight concrete job mixes
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