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Journal articles on the topic 'Lightning and Sprites'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

McLeish, Peter. "The Historic Search for Red Sprites: Art Meets Science in Lightning's Angels." Leonardo 38, no. 2 (2005): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0024094053722417.

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Sprites are fleeting, luminous shapes that shoot into the upper atmosphere during large thunderstorms as lightning simultaneously reaches down to Earth. For at least a century, scientists have attempted to confirm and explain the existence of sprites with visual images and data. The author's series Lightning's Angels supplements the documentation of sprites by exploring the properties of this natural phenomenon through digitally enhanced oil portraits set to music and displayed in a large scale multimedia format, such as at a planetarium.

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2

Füllekrug, M., R. Roussel-Dupré, E. M. D. Symbalisty, et al. "Relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, no. 15 (2011): 7747–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-7747-2011.

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Abstract. Non-luminous relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds have been detected by the radio signals of low frequency ∼40–400 kHz which they radiate. The electron beams occur ∼2–9 ms after positive cloud-to-ground lightning discharges at heights between ∼22–72 km above thunderclouds. Intense positive lightning discharges can also cause sprites which occur either above or prior to the electron beam. One electron beam was detected without any luminous sprite which suggests that electron beams may also occur independently of sprites. Numerical simulations show that beams of electrons pa

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3

Pan, Cong, Jing Yang, Kun Liu, and Yu Wang. "Comprehensive Analysis of a Coast Thunderstorm That Produced a Sprite over the Bohai Sea." Atmosphere 12, no. 6 (2021): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12060718.

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Sprites are transient luminous events (TLEs) that occur over thunderstorm clouds that represent the direct coupling relationship between the troposphere and the upper atmosphere. We report the evolution of a mesoscale convective system (MCS) that produced only one sprite event, and the characteristics of this thunderstorm and the related lightning activity are analyzed in detail. The results show that the parent flash of the sprite was positive cloud-to-ground lightning (+CG) with a single return stroke, which was located in the trailing stratiform region of the MCS with a radar reflectivity o

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4

Marshall, R. A., U. S. Inan, T. Neubert, et al. "Optical observations geomagnetically conjugate to sprite-producing lightning discharges." Annales Geophysicae 23, no. 6 (2005): 2231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-23-2231-2005.

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Abstract. Theoretical studies have predicted that large positive cloud-to-ground discharges can trigger a runaway avalanche process of relativistic electrons, forming a geomagnetically trapped electron beam. The beam may undergo pitch angle and energy scattering during its traverse of the Earth's magnetosphere, with a small percentage of electrons remaining in the loss cone and precipitating in the magnetically conjugate atmosphere. In particular, N2 1P and N2+1N optical emissions are expected to be observable. In July and August 2003, an attempt was made to detect these optical emissions, cal

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5

Barrington-Leigh, C. P., U. S. Inan, M. Stanley, and S. A. Cummer. "Sprites triggered by negative lightning discharges." Geophysical Research Letters 26, no. 24 (1999): 3605–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999gl010692.

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6

Lyons, Walter A., Eric C. Bruning, Tom A. Warner, et al. "Megaflashes: Just How Long Can a Lightning Discharge Get?" Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 1 (2019): E73—E86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-19-0033.1.

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Abstract The existence of mesoscale lightning discharges on the order of 100 km in length has been known since the radar-based findings of Ligda in the mid-1950s. However, it took the discovery of sprites in 1989 to direct significant attention to horizontally extensive “megaflashes” within mesoscale convective systems (MCSs). More recently, 3D Lightning Mapping Arrays (LMAs) have documented sprite-initiating lightning discharges traversing several hundred kilometers. One such event in a 2007 Oklahoma MCS having an LMA-derived length of 321 km, has been certified by the WMO as the longest offi

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7

Valdivia, J. A., G. Milikh, and K. Papadopoulos. "Red sprites: Lightning as a fractal antenna." Geophysical Research Letters 24, no. 24 (1997): 3169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97gl03188.

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8

Fernsler, R. F., and H. L. Rowland. "Models of lightning-produced sprites and elves." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 101, no. D23 (1996): 29653–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96jd02159.

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9

Rodger, Craig J. "Red sprites, upward lightning, and VLF perturbations." Reviews of Geophysics 37, no. 3 (1999): 317–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999rg900006.

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10

Kuo, Cheng-Ling, Tai-Yin Huang, Cheng-Mao Hsu, Mitsuteru Sato, Lou-Chuang Lee, and Neng-Huei Lin. "Resolving Elve, Halo and Sprite Halo Images at 10,000 Fps in the Taiwan 2020 Campaign." Atmosphere 12, no. 8 (2021): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12081000.

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After almost thirty years’ efforts on studying transient luminous events (TLEs), ground-based observation has confirmed the TLE family, including elves, halos, sprites, and blue jets, etc. The typical elve has the shortest emission time (<1 ms) in comparison with other TLEs. The second shortest is the halo emission. Although elves and halos are supposed to be more frequent than sprites, ground campaigns still have less probability of recording their images due to their fleeting and short emission. Additionally, the submillisecond imaging of elves, halos, and sprite halos helps us resolve th

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11

Füllekrug, M., R. Roussel-Dupré, E. M. D. Symbalisty, et al. "Relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 5 (2011): 15551–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-15551-2011.

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Abstract. Non-luminous relativistic electron beams above thunderclouds are detected by radio remote sensing with low frequency radio signals from 40–400 kHz. The electron beams occur 2–9 ms after positive cloud-to-ground lightning discharges at heights between 22–72 km above thunderclouds. The positive lightning discharges also cause sprites which occur either above or before the electron beam. One electron beam was detected without any luminous sprite occurrence which suggests that electron beams may also occur independently. Numerical simulations show that the beamed electrons partially disc

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12

Ebert, Ute, and Davis D. Sentman. "Streamers, sprites, leaders, lightning: from micro- to macroscales." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, no. 23 (2008): 230301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/23/230301.

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13

Soula, Serge, Oscar van der Velde, Joan Montanya, Martin Fullekrug, Andrew Mezentsev, and Janusz Mlynarczyk. "Characteristics of lightning flashes generating sprites above storms." E3S Web of Conferences 12 (2016): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20161202001.

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14

SATO, M., T. EBISUZAKI, Y. TAKIZAWA, et al. "GLOBAL MEASUREMENT OF LIGHTNING-ASSOCIATED TRANSIENT LUMINOUS EVENTS (TLEs) FROM SPACE." International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, no. 29 (2005): 6903–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05030454.

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In this study we present possibility of continuous measurements of lightning-associated transient luminous events (sprites, elves and blue jets) from the ISS altitude using the EUSO telescope. From global lightning data we estimated possible detection rates of lightning and TLEs. We also estimated photon numbers and optical spectra of TLEs in the near-ultraviolet region (300 – 400 nm) where the fluorescence emission caused by CRs exists. These results imply that EUSO has enough capabilities to monitor not only super-GZK CRs but also global lightning and TLEs.

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15

Hoole, P. R. P., S. Thirukumaran, Harikrishnan Ramiah, Jeevan Kanesan, and S. R. H. Hoole. "Ground to Cloud Lightning Flash Currents and Electric Fields: Interaction with Aircraft and Production of Ionosphere Sprites." Journal of Computational Engineering 2014 (August 3, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/869452.

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This paper presents for the first time a case for the importance of ground to cloud (upward leader) lightning flash parameters for safety testing of direct aircraft-lightning interaction and protection of wind turbines, as well as the importance of radiated electric fields for indirect lightning-aircraft interaction and generation of electric discharges called sprites and halos in the ionosphere. By using an electric circuit model of the transverse magnetic waves along the return stroke channel, electric currents at ground level as well as cloud level are determined for both the cloud to groun

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16

Pinto, O., M. M. F. Saba, I. R. C. A. Pinto, et al. "Thunderstorm and lightning characteristics associated with sprites in Brazil." Geophysical Research Letters 31, no. 13 (2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004gl020264.

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17

Hu, Wenyi, Steven A. Cummer, Walter A. Lyons, and Thomas E. Nelson. "Lightning charge moment changes for the initiation of sprites." Geophysical Research Letters 29, no. 8 (2002): 120–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001gl014593.

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18

Frey, H. U., S. B. Mende, S. E. Harris, et al. "The Imager for Sprites and Upper Atmospheric Lightning (ISUAL)." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 121, no. 8 (2016): 8134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2016ja022616.

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19

Siingh, Devendraa, A. K. Singh, R. P. Patel, et al. "Thunderstorms, Lightning, Sprites and Magnetospheric Whistler-Mode Radio Waves." Surveys in Geophysics 29, no. 6 (2008): 499–551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10712-008-9053-z.

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20

São Sabbas, Fernanda T., Davis D. Sentman, Eugene M. Wescott, Osmar Pinto, Odim Mendes, and Michael J. Taylor. "Statistical analysis of space–time relationships between sprites and lightning." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 65, no. 5 (2003): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6826(02)00326-7.

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21

Valdivia, J. A., G. M. Milikh, and K. Papadopoulos. "Model of red sprites due to intracloud fractal lightning discharges." Radio Science 33, no. 6 (1998): 1655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98rs02201.

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22

Lu, Gaopeng, Steven A. Cummer, Jingbo Li, et al. "Coordinated observations of sprites and in-cloud lightning flash structure." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 12 (2013): 6607–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50459.

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23

Farges, Thomas, and Elisabeth Blanc. "Characteristics of infrasound from lightning and sprites near thunderstorm areas." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 115, A6 (2010): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009ja014700.

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24

Matsudo, Yu, Tomoyuki Suzuki, Masashi Hayakawa, et al. "Characteristics of Japanese winter sprites and their parent lightning as estimated by VHF lightning and ELF transients." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 69, no. 12 (2007): 1431–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2007.05.002.

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25

Paras, M. K., and P. Rani. "Survey on Electrical Activity in Earth’s Atmosphere." Advanced Electromagnetics 7, no. 4 (2018): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v7i4.737.

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Lightning discharge is a spectacular, luminous and one of the most dangerous short lived phenomenon which occurs in the Earth’s atmosphere ranging from troposphere to the lower ionosphere. Lightning in troposphere is mainly classified as cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning, intra-cloud lightning and inter-cloud lightning discharges. It is assumed that these discharges are caused by the electrically charged thunderclouds. CG lightning has been studied more and is further categorized as positive CG and negative CG lightning. Positive CG lightning is more powerful and accounts only (5-10) percent of t

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26

Inan, Umran S. "Lightning effects at high altitudes: sprites, elves, and terrestrial gamma ray flashes." Comptes Rendus Physique 3, no. 10 (2002): 1411–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1631-0705(02)01418-4.

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27

Sentman, D. D., and E. M. Wescott. "Red sprites and blue jets: High-altitude optical emissions linked to lightning." Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 77, no. 1 (1996): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/95eo00001.

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28

Valdivia, J. A., and G. M. Milikh. "Reply [to “Model of red sprites due to intracloud fractal lightning discharges”]." Radio Science 35, no. 4 (2000): 1045–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999rs002256.

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29

Savtchenko, Aglika, Rumjana Mitzeva, Boryana Tsenova, and Staytcho Kolev. "Analysis of lightning activity in two thunderstorm systems producing sprites in France." Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 71, no. 12 (2009): 1277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2009.04.010.

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30

Nakamura, Takahiro, and Masashi Hayakawa. "Characteristics of Mesopheric Sprites in the Hokuriku Area and their Causative Lightning Discharges." IEEJ Transactions on Power and Energy 124, no. 8 (2004): 1012–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejpes.124.1012.

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31

Suparta, W., and N. Yusop. "Response of lightning energy and total electron content with sprites over Antarctic Peninsula." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 852 (May 2017): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/852/1/012020.

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32

Bell, Timothy F., Steven C. Reising, and Umran S. Inan. "Intense continuing currents following positive cloud-to-ground lightning associated with red sprites." Geophysical Research Letters 25, no. 8 (1998): 1285–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98gl00734.

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33

Nakamura, Takahiro, and Masashi Hayakawa. "Characteristics of mesospheric sprites in the Hokuriku area and their causative lightning discharges." Electrical Engineering in Japan 153, no. 3 (2005): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.20178.

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34

Kuznetsov, Vladimir. "Comparison between two different quantum models of ball lightning." E3S Web of Conferences 62 (2018): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186201004.

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Two models of ball lightning are compared here. Each model is quantum. One of them was proposed by American and Finnish physics [1], who were the first to create three-dimensional skyrmions – particles in Bose- Einstein condensate with an ordered spin structure where central and boundary spins are opposite directed. A stable knot between electric and magnetic fields in a three-dimensional skyrmion is treated by the authors as a quantum model of ball lightning (BL). The next model proposed here proceeds from quantum entanglement (QE) of protons in hydrogen bonds (HBP) inside atmosphere oversatu

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35

Inan, Umran S., Steven C. Reising, Gerald J. Fishman, and John M. Horack. "On the association of terrestrial gamma-ray bursts with lightning and implications for sprites." Geophysical Research Letters 23, no. 9 (1996): 1017–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96gl00746.

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36

Adachi, T., Y. Hiraki, K. Yamamoto, et al. "Electric fields and electron energies in sprites and temporal evolutions of lightning charge moment." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, no. 23 (2008): 234010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/23/234010.

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37

Wescott, E. M., H. C. Stenbaek-Nielsen, D. D. Sentman, M. J. Heavner, D. R. Moudry, and F. T. São Sabbas. "Triangulation of sprites, associated halos and their possible relation to causative lightning and micrometeors." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 106, A6 (2001): 10467–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000ja000182.

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38

Li, Jingbo, Steven Cummer, Gaopeng Lu, and Lucian Zigoneanu. "Charge moment change and lightning-driven electric fields associated with negative sprites and halos." Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics 117, A9 (2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012ja017731.

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39

Błęcki, J., M. Parrot, and R. Wronowski. "ELF and VLF signatures of sprites registered onboard the low altitude satellite DEMETER." Annales Geophysicae 27, no. 6 (2009): 2599–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-27-2599-2009.

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Abstract. We report the observation of ELF and VLF signature of sprites recorded on the low altitude satellite DEMETER during thunderstorm activity. At an altitude of ~700 km, waves observed on the E-field spectrograms at mid-to-low latitudes during night time are mainly dominated by up-going 0+ whistlers. During the night of 20 July 2007 two sprites have been observed around 20:10:08 UT from the observatory located on the top of the mountain Śnieżka in Poland (50°44'09" N, 15°44'21" E, 1603 m) and, ELF and VLF data have been recorded by the satellite at about 1200 km from the region of thunde

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40

Fukunishi, H., Y. Takahashi, M. Sato, A. Shono, M. Fujito, and Y. Watanabe. "Ground-based observations of ULF transients excited by strong lightning discharges producing elves and sprites." Geophysical Research Letters 24, no. 23 (1997): 2973–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/97gl03022.

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41

Qin, Jianqi, Sebastien Celestin, and Victor P. Pasko. "Minimum charge moment change in positive and negative cloud to ground lightning discharges producing sprites." Geophysical Research Letters 39, no. 22 (2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012gl053951.

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42

Lu, Gaopeng, Steven A. Cummer, Alfred B. Chen, et al. "Analysis of lightning strokes associated with sprites observed by ISUAL in the vicinity of North America." Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 28, no. 4 (2017): 583–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3319/tao.2017.03.31.01.

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43

Potapov, Alexander A., and Vitality A. Cerman. "Features of multi-fractal structure of high-altitude lightning discharges in the ionosphere: elves, jets, sprites." Journal of Engineering 2019, no. 20 (2019): 6781–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/joe.2019.0478.

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44

São Sabbas, F. T., and D. D. Sentman. "Dynamical relationship of infrared cloudtop temperatures with occurrence rates of cloud-to-ground lightning and sprites." Geophysical Research Letters 30, no. 5 (2003): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2002gl015382.

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45

Dubrovin, D., A. Luque, F. J. Gordillo-Vazquez, et al. "Impact of lightning on the lower ionosphere of Saturn and possible generation of halos and sprites." Icarus 241 (October 2014): 313–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2014.06.025.

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46

Huang, Anjing, Gaopeng Lu, Hongbo Zhang, et al. "Locating Parent Lightning Strokes of Sprites Observed over a Mesoscale Convective System in Shandong Province, China." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 35, no. 11 (2018): 1396–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00376-018-7306-4.

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47

Williams, E. R., W. A. Lyons, Y. Hobara, et al. "Ground-based detection of sprites and their parent lightning flashes over Africa during the 2006 AMMA campaign." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 136, S1 (2009): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.489.

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48

Soula, Serge, Oscar van der Velde, Joan Montanyà, Torsten Neubert, Olivier Chanrion, and Michal Ganot. "Analysis of thunderstorm and lightning activity associated with sprites observed during the EuroSprite campaigns: Two case studies." Atmospheric Research 91, no. 2-4 (2009): 514–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2008.06.017.

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49

Lang, Timothy J., Steven A. Cummer, Steven A. Rutledge, and Walter A. Lyons. "The meteorology of negative cloud-to-ground lightning strokes with large charge moment changes: Implications for negative sprites." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 14 (2013): 7886–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50595.

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50

Soula, S., E. Defer, M. Füllekrug, et al. "Time and space correlation between sprites and their parent lightning flashes for a thunderstorm observed during the HyMeX campaign." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 120, no. 22 (2015): 11,552–11,574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015jd023894.

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