Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ligne courant continu

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Ligne courant continu'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Ligne courant continu"

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Ivinza Lepapa, Alphonse-Christian. "Génération du millénaire et l'influence des réseaux sociaux sur l'exercice de la démocratie : L’exemple de l’Afrique et du Congo." Acta Europeana Systemica 6 (July 12, 2020): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/aes.v6i1.56793.

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Le concept des réseaux sociaux dans le langage courant se confond avec l'expression "réseau social"qui est utilisée pour parler des "médias sociaux".Un réseau social est un ensemble d'individus ou d'organisations reliés par des interactions sociales régulières. L'expression "médias sociaux" recouvre les différentes activités qui intègrent: la technologie, l'interaction sociale (entre individus ou groupes d'individus) et la création de contenu. Les médias sociaux utilisent l'intelligence collective dans un esprit de collaboration en ligne. Grâce à ces médias sociaux (moyens decommunication sociale), les individus ou les groupes d'individus qui collaborent créent ensemble du contenu web, organisent ce contenu, indexent,modifient, commentent et combinent le contenu avec des créations personnelles.Quelles sontles générations intéressées par ces réseaux sociaux?Point commun elles se reconnaissent sur le même fond : le paradigme digital (l'importanceà accorder aux phénomènes numériques). Cela explique l'engouement aux réseaux sociaux entre les différentes générations (grand-père, grande -mère, père, mère, enfants, milieux académique et universitaire, milieux ruraux, milieux citadins) qui se servent des mêmes outils.Quelle est l'influence des réseaux sociaux dans la démocratie en Afrique et au RD Congo?Les natifs de la génération Internet et du Millénaire vivent l'ère du numérique(ordinateur, baladeur, Gsm) et seraient les plus instruits de l'histoire humaine.Les Africains et les congolais actuels sont tous enfants de ces deux générations, ils vivent l'ère du numérique (ordinateur, baladeur, Gsm) et devront être parmi les plus instruits de notre pays: ils sont nés dans la société du savoir et ils sont marqués par l'Internet comme les autres enfants du monde.En raison de la mondialisation des Technologies de l'Information et de la communication (TIC) qui empêcherait l'usage de la liberté des échanges d'information dans les milieux africains.
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2

Anderson, David. "Maritime Delimitation in the Black Sea Case (Romania v. Ukraine)." Law & Practice of International Courts and Tribunals 8, no. 3 (2009): 305–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156918509x12537882648345.

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AbstractIn a unanimous decision, the ICJ determined, in accordance with the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the single maritime boundary between the respective EEZs and continental shelves of Romania and Ukraine. The Court clarified its methodology for delimiting the EEZ/continental shelf, following a three-stage process. First, it drew a provisional equidistance line between what it decided were the most appropriate basepoints on the two coasts; secondly, it considered whether this line required adjustment; and finally, it verified that the line did not lead to an inequitable result. The Judgment contains important interpretations of several articles in the Convention, notably Articles 74 and 83.
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Barber, Paul. "State Schools and Religious Authority: Where to Draw the Line?" Ecclesiastical Law Journal 12, no. 2 (April 30, 2010): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956618x10000104.

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In December 2009 the Supreme Court by the narrowest of margins (5 to 4) found against the Governing Body of JFS (formerly called the Jews' Free School) on the basis of direct race discrimination. Consequently, schools run by Jews, Sikhs and any other faiths that happen also to be an ‘ethnic group’ are barred from giving priority to children who are members of that faith. As is well known, the very broad definition of ‘ethnic group’ was set by the House of Lords in Mandla v Dowell-Lee at a time when the protections afforded by the more recent laws against religious discrimination were lacking. The majority in the Supreme Court evidently, and with some justification, considered that this definition was sufficiently settled law that only a legislative, and not a judicial, intervention could alter it. In contrast, those faiths and denominations that avoid falling into the Mandla trap, may continue to give priority to their members in admission to their schools. A number of commentators have confidently predicted that this case does not therefore affect most other schools with a religious character. Such a conclusion may be somewhat hasty. The minority held that this was a case of indirect, rather than direct, discrimination and, as such, potentially subject to justification. Perhaps the most surprising element of the judgment is that, unlike Mumby J at first instance, a majority of the Justices did not find it self-evident that a Jewish school giving priority to Jewish applicants in its admissions policy was a proportionate means of pursuing a legitimate aim.
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Saraswati, Rika, Emanuel Boputra, and Yuni Kusniati. "PEMENUHAN HAK ANAK DI INDONESIA MELALUI PERENCANAAN PENGASUHAN, PENGASUHAN TUNGGAL DAN PENGASUHAN BERSAMA." Veritas et Justitia 7, no. 1 (June 28, 2021): 188–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.25123/vej.v7i1.4066.

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In many countries, joint custody has replaced and is considered better than sole custody. It is also deemed more in line with the gender equality principle which demands both parents to share responsibility for the custody and care of the child post-divorce. This article discusses how judges in divorce cases decide on child custody, and the extent to which they consider the merits of joint or sole custody and demand divorcees to consider making a parenting plan in the best interest of their children. Qualitative data is collected from the District Court and Religious Court at Semarang and by analysing 4 court decisions regarding child custody. Interestingly, none of the Courts above possess or implements a policy or have some procedural ruling obligating judges in divorce cases to demand parents to consider joint custody or making a parenting plan post-divorce. Obligatory pre-trial mediation is geared more as a procedural-formalistic attempt to dissuade parties to continue with divorce.
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Tate, John William. "Hohepa Wi Neera: Native Title and the Privy Council Challenge." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 35, no. 1 (April 1, 2004): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v35i1.5635.

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The case of Hohepa Wi Neera illustrates an unprecedented clash of judicial approaches to native title claims. On the one hand, the New Zealand Court of Appeal was determined to continue the line of reasoning most notably enshrined in Wi Parata v Bishop of Wellington. On the other hand, the Privy Council, in Nireaha Tamaki v Baker had partially overturned Wi Parata by insisting that native title fell within the jurisdiction of the courts, at least when prerogative powers were not involved. The author argues that in Hohepa Wi Neera, the Court of Appeal quite deliberately tried to avoid the implications of the Privy Council's decision. In doing so, it exhibited a marked "colonial consciousness" which it was prepared to defend even to the extent of open breach with the Privy Council. The 1912 case of Tamihana Korokai v Solicitor-General, however, showed the extent to which the Court of Appeal was capable of shedding that "colonial consciousness" and embracing the earlier Privy Council ruling. The author demonstrates that this apparent irony sheds light on our understanding of the earlier cases.
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Cajolet-Laganière, Hélène. "L’essor d’une norme endogène au Québec : l’exemple du dictionnaire Usito." Gragoatá 26, no. 54 (February 19, 2021): 105–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22409/gragoata.v26i54.46376.

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L’article s’inscrit dans la thématique de la francophonie et l'essor de normes endogènes. Il retrace les différentes étapes qui ont été parcourues au Québec, des quelques dizaines de canadianismes de bon aloi prescrits par l’Office de la langue française (OLF), en 1969, à une description scientifique du français en usage au Québec, explicitée et diffusée dans le dictionnaire en ligne Usito depuis 2014. L’article fait état des diverses études visant à caractériser le français québécois standard, notamment les marques et spécificités linguistiques propres au français québécois standard (particularités orthographiques, typographiques, morphologiques et lexicales dans tous les domaines de la vie courante et professionnelle). Il présente également l’aménagement de la variation linguistique et l’explicitation de la norme endogène dans le dictionnaire en ligne Usito. Il décrit, entre autres éléments, avec exemples tirés du dictionnaire, le traitement de la variation linguistique, la hiérarchisation des usages, dont les marques normatives, et autres éléments faisant partie de la norme endogène au Québec. Il montre en outre l’importance des marqueurs de l’identité culturelle (exemplification, citations, articles thématiques, etc.). Il s’attarde enfin aux aspects pédagogiques du dictionnaire (tolérance à l’erreur, structuration des articles, important réseau de liens hypertextes, tableau latéral à droite des articles, interface de navigation, etc.). Il conclut quant à l’importance de la mise à jour constante du contenu du dictionnaire, de son adaptation aux diverses clientèles visées et au renouvellement des fonctionnalités au regard de l’évolution des technologies, afin d’offrir une utilisation simple et instinctive de tous les aspects de la langue.
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Steel, William. "Judicial Specialisation in a Generalist Jurisdiction: Is Commercial Specialisation Within the High Court Justified?" Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 46, no. 2 (August 1, 2015): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v46i2.4923.

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In November 2013, after a series of Law Commission reports and years of academic, professional and judicial discussion, the Government introduced legislation to Parliament to replace the existing High Court commercial list with a specialist commercial panel. Whilst this panel would bring New Zealand into line with many comparable common law jurisdictions, this article argues that the case for specialisation has not been established. In particular, it notes that there is no publically available evidence to support the claim that the High Court is losing its commercial jurisdiction, or that commercial parties are choosing to resolve their disputes offshore or through alternative dispute resolution. Accordingly, this article argues that future research by the Law Commission, or other research agency, is required before specialisation can be justified. In reaching this conclusion, it also examines the issues that may arise if the Government decides to continue with its proposed reform under cl 18 of the Judicature Modernisation Bill 2013, suggesting changes along the way.
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AIKEN, S. ROBERT, and COLIN H. LEIGH. "Seeking Redress in the Courts: Indigenous Land Rights and Judicial Decisions in Malaysia." Modern Asian Studies 45, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 825–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x10000272.

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AbstractMalaysia's indigenous peoples continue to suffer numerous grievous injustices, including appropriation of their ancestral lands and socio-economic deprivation. In large part because their voices of resistance to development policies have gone unheard by the authorities, a growing number of individuals and communities have taken their grievances to the nation's courts. In particular, they have pleaded for judicial intervention to address alleged breaches of statutory land and other rights by governments and their contractors, and for recognition of native title at common law. In the landmark 1996Adongcase, the High Court ruled that Malaysian jurisprudence recognizes native title, thus bringing Malaysia into line with a number of other countries that share an English-derived legal system. The concept has been upheld in subsequent High Court, Court of Appeal, and Federal Court judgments. In spite of the rulings in favour of indigenous parties, the federal government, along with certain of the state governments, has continued to adopt an adversarial approach to indigenous land issues. An encouraging development is the reported willingness of governments in Perak and Selangor to tackle indigenous land rights issues through mediation rather than litigation. This paper summarizes seven court cases concerning alleged breaches of statutory rights and four cases dealing with native title at common law; it also looks at certain issues arising from the cases, as well as the responses of communities and governments to the various court judgments.
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WHARTON, SARA. "Redrawing the Line? Serious Crimes of Concern to the International Community beyond the Rome Statute." Canadian Yearbook of international Law/Annuaire canadien de droit international 52 (October 2015): 129–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cyl.2015.20.

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AbstractInternational criminal law, like all areas of law, must continue to evolve to reflect contemporary realities. This article demonstrates that the current subject matter jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court under the Rome Statute is very much an artefact of history, and it argues that the historical and reactive line that the statute draws between “core” international crimes and other serious international or transnational crimes is inadequate. In order to ensure that international criminal law continues to evolve in a reasoned and principled manner, states need to better articulate the criteria by which conduct is included within the category of “the most serious crimes of concern to the international community as a whole.” Using a primarily inductive approach, the article considers a number of such criteria that have been considered over the years. It concludes that, when assessed in the context of their systematic and organized perpetration, many other serious international and transnational crimes raise some of the same concerns that underpin the current core international crimes, suggesting that it may be time for the international community to consider redrawing the line.
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Perova, E. A. "One-Sided and Incomplete Investigation of the Circumstances of the Case in Adversarial Criminal Proceedings." Actual Problems of Russian Law 15, no. 12 (December 30, 2020): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2020.121.12.140-148.

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Art. 389.15 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation contains a closed list of grounds for reversing or altering court rulings. The one-sidedness and incompleteness of the investigation of the factual circumstances of the criminal case is not indicated as one of such grounds. A one-sided or incomplete investigation of the factual circumstances of the case taken place in the course of criminal proceedings can influence the justness of the sentence. This conclusion follows from the analysis of the court practice formed after the 2013 reform. One of the goals of this reform was to obtain a “definitive judgment” upon completion of the appeal. Despite this, during the implementation of the reform, Article 389.15 of the Criminal Procedural Code of the Russian Federation, which establishes the list of grounds for reversing or altering court rulings, was not brought into line with the objectives of the reform. The law does not provide for such a ground as an incorrect investigation by the court of the factual circumstances of the criminal case, despite the numerous facts of revealing this violation by the courts of controlling authority.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ligne courant continu"

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Yao, Ziwen. "Régulateur adaptatif robuste pour les liaisons de transport a courant continu en haute tension." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL051N.

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Cette thèse présente un ensemble de méthodes de synthèse du contrôle commande adaptatif robuste dans le domaine fréquentiel pour les liaisons de transport à courant continu en haute tension destine à améliorer la stabilité en basse fréquence du réseau. Cet ensemble de méthodes consiste en une méthode de modélisation des réseaux d'interconnexion, une méthode d'analyse de stabilité pour les réseaux d'interconnexion, une approche d'identification des réseaux électriques et une approche de synthèse du régulateur adaptatif-robuste. La méthode de simplification de modélisation des réseaux d'interconnexion est fondée sur des propriétés algébriques: l'y-symétrie et la possibilité de découplage de la matrice de caractéristiques de fréquence des réseaux. Basé sur ces propriétés et sur le critère de stabilité de Nyquist généralisé, un critère de stabilité est proposé pour les réseaux d'interconnexion. L'approche d'identification des réseaux électriques est fondée sur ces propriétés algébriques et est réalisée à l'aide de la transformation de Fourier. Afin de montrer les avantages ainsi que les inconvénients des méthodes proposées cette thèse est illustrée par différents résultats de simulation numérique. Dans ces simulations numériques sont étudiés les phénomènes d'interaction torsionnelle entre la liaison TCCHT IFA 2000 et les turboalternateurs voisins
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2

PISSOLATO, FILHO JOSE. "Analyse du contournement d'une surface faiblement conductrice par une decharge electrique alimentee en courant continu." Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30048.

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Comparaison des differentes modelisations electriques du systeme decharge-surface polluee utilisees dans l'etude du contournement des isolateurs. Utilisant un modele de laboratoire ou la pollution est representee par un canal rempli d'electrolyte, on a releve les valeurs de la tension de contournement en fonction de la resistance lineique du canal. Pour les resistances lineiques superieures a 7 kiloohms par centimetre, c'est le modele de rao et gopal qui est le mieux adapte; au-dessous, c'est le modele de wilkins dans lequel on poste les constantes de la decharge mesurees dans la vapeur d'eau. Nouvelle modelisation permettant de calculer, en fonction du temps, l'elongation de la decharge et le courant fourni par la source
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Izzularab, Mohamed. "Repartition du potentiel electrique le long d'une surface isolante polluee soumise a des decharges : application a l'etude des isolateurs ht pour reseaux de transport a courant continu." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30087.

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Etude du contournement des isolateurs pour ligne h. T. C. C. Etude graphique de la tension disruptive en fonction de la longueur de decharge. Conception des isolateurs a l'aide de modeles unidimensionnels permettant de definir un nouveau facteur de forme. Calcul numerique de la distribution du potentiel sur des isolateurs pollues ou givres
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Despènes, Laurène. "Intensification et passage en continu d’une synthèse pharmaceutique en réacteur-échangeur." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0061.

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Dans le domaine de l'intensification des procédés, la technologie des réacteurs-échangeurs occupe une place de choix. De tels équipements combinent opération en continu et efficacités en termes de transfert de chaleur, d'hydrodynamique, de mélange, de transfert de matière et de réaction. Ce travail porte sur l'étude du passage en continu d'une synthèse pharmaceutique dans un réacteur-échangeur innovant en carbure de silicium. La méthodologie suivie est fondée sur des méthodes expérimentales et théoriques, visant à caractériser à la fois l'équipement et l'application chimique. L'objectif a été d'aboutir à un procédé optimal permettant d'augmenter productivité et sélectivité tout en assurant des niveaux de sécurité élevés. Raman
In the field of Process Intensification, manufacturers offer many technologies of heat exchanger reactors in terms of design, material and operating conditions range which make the choice of the optimal solution difficult to be performed. Such apparatuses combine a continuous operating with strongly coupled features of heat transfer, hydrodynamics, mixing, mass transfer and reaction. To assess the feasibility and potentialities of applications carried out in this kind of apparatus, a methodology has been developed and could be divided in three parts: the equipment characterisation, the considered application (physical properties of components, reaction kinetics, heat generated), the suitable intensified process (optimal design) and the associated operating conditions (optimal control). Related to this methodology, the present study aims to transpose to continuous and to intensify a Pierre Fabre’s pharmaceutical application. In fact, this application currently carried out in batch offers productivity limitations that could be get round using a continuous intensified reactor. In this way, a complete reaction characterisation based on calorimetric experiments has been performed and provided to the optimisation tool. The results highlight the need to control the pH level and the necessity to use an on-line analytic method, spectroscopy Raman. This technique leads to an easy transfer of the reaction in continuous in order to intensify it. Optimal conditions have been underlined in order to obtain a productivity of 100%
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Ghossein, Layal. "Alimentation de circuit de commande rapprochée « Gate-drive » pour nouveaux convertisseurs de puissance haute tension." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI016.

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Le transport d’énergie par des lignes HVDC constitue le principal réseau de transmission d’énergie électrique du futur. Les convertisseurs de puissance (par exemple de type MMC) qui constitueront ce réseau devront être capables de gérer des tensions de l’ordre de centaines de kilovolts ce qui rend critique l’alimentation des dispositifs de contrôle (gate-drive) de ces convertisseurs. Il est nécessaire de concevoir des solutions qui garantissent l’alimentation de ces gate-drives avec une isolation.Pour ce faire, un circuit basé sur le principe du flyback et utilisant un JFET normalement passant a été développé. Il est placé en parallèle d’un condensateur typiquement connecté aux bornes d’un bras d’onduleur. Il permet d’alimenter le dispositif de puissance dès qu’une faible tension est appliquée à son entrée. Cette fonction est assurée grâce au caractère normalement passant du JFET. Pour le prototype développé, la tension du bras est de 2 kV. La tension de sortie est régulée à 24 V. De nos jours, des JFET normalement passants avec une tenue en tension supérieure à 2 kV n’existent pas sur le marché. Donc, pour supporter les tensions mises en jeu dans le circuit, une mise en série de JFET SiC normalement passants commandés par un MOSFET Si a été réalisée (montage « super-cascode »). Le circuit développé est capable de fournir 20 W pour alimenter des gate-drives à des potentiels flottants. Le rendement obtenu est proche de 60 %. Aussi, le problème d’isolation est résolu par cette solution d’auto-alimentation
HVDC power transmission is the future of the electrical energy transmission network. The power converters (e.g. MMC) used in this network will be able to cope with voltages of hundreds of kV, making the power supply of the gate-drive devices in these converters challenging. It is then necessary to design solutions that guarantee the power supply of these gate-drives, while providing high voltage isolation. To do this, a circuit, based on the flyback principle, was developed. It is placed in parallel with a capacitor typically connected to a half-bridge circuit. It has an auto-start feature. This allows to supply the gate-drive as soon as a low voltage is applied to the input of the self-supply system. This is obtained by taking advantage of the normally-ON character of the JFET. In our prototype, the input voltage is 2 kV. High voltage JFETs of 2 kV and higher breakdown voltages are not yet available on the market. So, to achieve this high voltage capacity, a series of Normally-ON SiC JFETs controlled by a low voltage Si MOSFET (Super-cascode circuit) is used in the circuit. The developed circuit is able to supply 20 W at different floating potentials with output voltage regulated at 24 V and an efficiency close to 60%. The isolation problem is then solved using this solution
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Talhi, Chabane. "Contribution à l'étude du dimensionnement d'un parafoudre à base d'oxyde de zinc : application aux lignes à courant continu." Toulouse 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU30063.

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Les varistances a base d'oxyde de zinc, grace a leurs proprietes electriques, forte non linearite de la caracteristique courant-tension i(u), capacite d'absorber de fortes energies sont des composants parfaitement adaptes pour la protection des installations electriques contre les surtensions. Depuis quelques annees, leur utilisation se developpe tres rapidement dans les parafoudres pour les reseaux mt et ht en tension alternative. On peut prevoir une extension, a breve echeance, de leur emploi pour proteger les lignes de traction ferroviaire a courant continu et les liaisons entre les stations de conversion alternatif-continu et continu-alternatif. Des contraintes specifiques peuvent alors apparaitre. Dans cette perspective, nous avons entrepris un travail qui a pour objet d'etudier la degradation des varistances soumises a des contraintes combinees se rapprochant des conditions de fonctionnement les plus severes du reseau. Ces essais associent la tension continue normale ou legerement superieure et des impulsions de courant de forte intensite, jusqu'a 60 ka, simulant les surtensions du reseau. Afin d'accelerer le vieillissement, la temperature d'essai est comprise entre 115 et 120c. L'evaluation de la degradation est assuree par deux methodes, le releve des modifications de la caracteristique i(u) et la spectrometrie d'impedance complexe qui permet d'estimer le degre d'homogeneite des barrieres de potentiel responsables de l'effet non lineaire. Un essai de correlation entre les deux methodes est effectue. Les essais realises, en laboratoire sur differents types d'echantillons, ont permis de dimensionner un parafoudre pour ligne de traction ferroviaire avec la possibilite d'extrapolation aux lignes a courant continu ht et tht
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Tremblay, Paméla. "Répartition des anomalies pédogéochimiques en relation avec un indice polymétallique et une ligne à haute tension à courant continu, secteur de la rivière Pontax, Baie-James." Thèse, 2012. http://constellation.uqac.ca/2730/1/030327791.pdf.

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L'industrie de l'exploration minière démontre un intérêt grandissant pour le développement de techniques permettant de localiser des minéralisations enfouies sous une couverture de dépôts meubles. Les connaissances des méthodes géochimiques telles que la pédogéochimie gagnent à être approfondies puisque les processus à l'origine de ces anomalies et la façon d'interpréter ces dernières sont encore mal compris. Ce projet de recherche vise à améliorer la compréhension des processus sous-jacents à la déportation et à la fixation d'éléments traces métalliques dans l'humus en lien avec un corps conducteur présent dans le socle rocheux. Un levé de pédogéochimie a ainsi été effectué au-dessus de l'indice polymétallique du lac Chambois, situé sur la propriété Pontax de Ressources Sirios à la Baie-James, Québec. Les résultats du levé de polarisation spontanée montrent une nette anomalie négative centrée sur l'indice du lac Chambois, confirmant ainsi la présence d'un plus grand potentiel d'oxydoréduction au-dessus du corps minéralisé. Ceci est conforme avec le modèle de diffusion électrochimique de Hamilton (1998). Par contre, l'environnement acide et réduit tel qu'anticipé dans ce modèle n'est pas mesuré dans l'humus au-dessus de l'indice. Aucun potentiel électrique n'a toutefois été détecté sous une ligne à haute tension à courant continu. Les échantillons de sols ont été analysés par trois méthodes : 1) ICP-MS suite à une digestion au pyrophosphate de sodium; 2) ICP-MS suite à une digestion totale multi-acides et 3) analyseur à fluorescence X portable. La digestion au pyrophosphate de sodium s'est avérée la méthode la plus appropriée pour extraire les métaux susceptibles d'avoir migré à travers la couverture de dépôts meubles, du socle rocheux vers la surface. L'analyse multiacides a montré des problèmes analytiques pour de nombreux éléments dont As, Cr, Hf, Nb, Th, V, W et Zr. Finalement, la fluorescence X, malgré ses limites de détection élevées, a permis de détecter l'indice et montre une bonne correspondance entre les teneurs détectées et celles obtenues par les deux autres méthodes, excepté pour Mo, Se et U où une interférence est soupçonnée. Le faible coût et la rapidité d'analyse de la fluorescence X s'avèrent être un avantage non négligeable. Les éléments détectés dans l'humus qui ont permis de faire ressortir l'indice du lac Chambois sont : Zn, Pb, Cd, As, Sb et Bi, des éléments chalcophiles divalents et des métalloïdes. Cette association d'éléments chimiques semble concordante avec la géochimie d'un gîte de sulfures massifs volcanogènes (SMV) et avec la minéralisation en sphalerite et galène retrouvée en rainurage et en forage. Une analyse en composantes principales effectuée à partir des résultats de la digestion au pyrophosphate de sodium révèle que les principaux facteurs contribuant à la variabilité des résultats d'analyse sont le pH, la nature du substrat échantillonné (tourbière vs podzol) et la capacité d'échange cationique (CEC). Il a été démontré que le pH fluctue dans les sols sur de courtes distances et à ceci s'ajoute également l'hétérogénéité des sols à différentes échelles. Quant à la CEC, elle est influencée par de nombreux facteurs qui varient spatialement tels que le pourcentage de matière organique, la teneur en argiles et le drainage. Les résultats démontrent que la compréhension de l'environnement secondaire est un préalable essentiel à l'interprétation des données de pédogéochimie puisque les mécanismes de fixation des éléments traces métalliques (ETM) diffèrent en fonction de la forme mobile de l'ion et des conditions géochimiques de l'environnement de surface.
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Book chapters on the topic "Ligne courant continu"

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Wood, Betsy. "Conclusion." In Upon the Altar of Work, 149–52. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043444.003.0007.

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The conclusion discusses the final phase of the national child labor movement, which occurred during President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal. After the Supreme Court declared the National Recovery Administration (NRA) unconstitutional, reformers secured the federal child labor provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) in 1938. However, reformers continued to push for a child labor amendment and once again were defeated by opponents. Ultimately, reformers were disappointed by the federal child labor provisions of the FLSA. These provisions were limited and reflected the legacy of a new imaginary Mason-Dixon Line within capitalist society.
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Perramond, Eric P. "Abeyta." In Unsettled Waters, 55–70. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520299351.003.0003.

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The Taos Valley (Abeyta) adjudication case illustrates how settlement outside the formal court process led to a more amenable resolution of difficult and adversarial litigation. The Taos adjudication was sparked by a dam that was never built, but the case continued on to sort out water uses in the valley. Taos Pueblo, at the headwaters of most of the major streams in the area, was well placed to negotiate their Indian water rights. Over time, the regional acequias, the Pueblo, the city of Taos, and other interested water users created a tailored water agreement, now in settlement, that was more in line with historical understanding and practices. Concerns remain over groundwater pumping, shortages, and excluded parties.
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"A lawyer may need to argue convincingly that the part of the previous judgment that is being relied on by an opponent is not part of the reasoning process leading to judgment; that it was an ‘aside’ comment, based on a hypothetical situation (technically referred to as an obiter dictum comment). On the other hand, perhaps the only argument a lawyer has to support the client’s position is an aside comment. If the comment was made by a senior judge in the Court of Appeal or the House of Lords, and it is a relevant comment on the exact circumstances of the present case, then it could be argued that this is an important indicator of what that court would do if such a case came before it. Cases in the higher appellate courts, the Court of Appeal and the House of Lords, contain more than one judgment. Usually, there are three in the Court of Appeal and five in the House of Lords, but there can be more in an important case. Here, the lawyer’s task in ascertaining the strength of a precedent in a previous case may be more difficult. Often, there will be a dissenting judgment. This judgment can eventually, through a range of other cases, come to represent the majority view of an area of law. If the judge who is dissenting has a particular reputation for excellence, then the judgment will be seriously considered by those coming to read the case for the precedential value of the majority judgments. In time, the argument presented by the dissenting judge, the minority view, may be accepted as the more appropriate way forward. English law, as created, developed and refined in the courts, does not resemble a straight line of development; rather, it is a winding road of distinctions, consideration of majority and minority views, determinations according to similarity, more judgments, then more distinctions. Change is slow but English law remains flexible. 4.5 THE DOCTRINE OF PRECEDENT IN PRACTICE: HANDLING LAW REPORTS When law cases in any area are considered, it is important that the reader knows several things about the case for future usage. These are set out in Figure 4.7, below. Most importantly, law reports have a standard layout. Carefully consider Figures 4.8 and 4.9, below. 4.5.1 What happens if a judge does not like a precedent? Some judges are better than others at ‘dodging’ precedent: If a judge of reasonable strength of mind thought a particular precedent was wrong he must be a great fool if he couldn’t get round it. [Lord Radcliffe (House of Lords) in an interview with Alan Patterson (1984).] Yet, contrast this with the following quotation: I am unable to adduce any reason to show that the decision which I am about to pronounce is right—but I am bound by authority which of course it is my duty to follow. [Per Buckley LJ, Olympia Oil and Cake Co Ltd v Produce Brokers Ltd (1915) 21 Com Cas 320.]." In Legal Method and Reasoning, 87. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-65.

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"much information will also have been assimilated concerning the reasoning of the court in response to the issues raised. As students read judgments with the facts, issues and relationships between legal rules in place, then it becomes an easier task to isolate the text relating to the reasoning process. As the text is mentally ordered and classified, relevant aspects of the judgment in relation to reasoning can be identified, weak reasoning can also be considered. It is then less daunting to deal with a line of cases changing legal rules or the interpretation of legal rules. If a statistical breakdown of the parts of any judgment was conducted, it would be found that a relatively small percentage of the judgment is related to reasoning. But, in an English law report knowledge of the reasoning process of the court is said to be the most vital element of the report. In reading these judgments, much information can be gathered on the attitudes of the senior English judiciary concerning the relationship between EC law and UK law. For example, careful reading will have noted that all judges accept, without question, that, in cases of clear infringement of EC law by UK law, then UK law must be disapplied. Noting this will make the student question the interpretation of the case put forward by the essay question that they are essential about ‘disapplying English statutes’. An appreciation of the correct issue (can a court disapply as an interim measure before a rule has been held to conflict with EC law?) suggests the necessity for a vital yet subtle difference between what the essay question is suggesting and what the cluster of Factortame cases is about. The reasoning of the courts can only be obtained by reading all judgments. Go back over the information gathered in relation to the procedural history of these cases and, incorporating information in the cases, construct a diagram of the actions. (4) Final consideration of the cases by reflecting on textual notes and diagrams The three diagrams 9.7–9.9 contain the basic reasoning behind the decision for you to check your findings against. It is useful here to look at all the diagrams and tables: Table 9.2: the list of UK law and EC law; Figures 9.4 and 9.5: UK and EC legal rules of relevance; Figure 9.6: provisions of the Treaty of Rome (EC Treaty) of relevance to the Factortame cases; Figure 9.7: the issues raised by the question; Figures 9.8–9.10: the three diagrams concerning the grounds of appeal, decision and reasoning in all three courts, including indication of grounds of preliminary ruling; Figure 9.11: the diagram of the actions in the case." In Legal Method and Reasoning, 297–98. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-226.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ligne courant continu"

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Song, Yong Mann, Jong Yeob Jung, and Sunil Nijhawan. "FUELPOOL: A Computer Program to Model CANDU Spent Fuel Pool Severe Accident Progression and Consequences." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16634.

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Abstract CANDU PHWR spent fuel pools (SFPs), smaller than a tennis court, contain up to 38,000 or more (49,000 in Wolsong)fuel bundles in geometries not replicated in any other power reactor. Therefore, the phenomenological issues, accident progression pathways and effectiveness of mitigative actions are somewhat different. This requires a dedicated approach in progression and consequence assessments of potential accidents and development of mitigation measures. The SFPs house densely packed fuel bundles stacked in about a hundred vertical stainless steel tray towers, each containing 24 spent fuel bundles in each of the 16 or more (19 in Wolsong) horizontal fish basket style steel trays. Some of theupto 10 year worth of the on-line refuelled bundles in the SFP are at relatively high decay powers as fuel trays are prepped for the towers in near daily basis. In addition, there is a provision (see Figure 1) that a full core of bundles 20 days after being at full power can be transferred to the spent fuel bay at any time. About 4.5m of additional water layer on top of the tray towers provide radiation protection and a healthy margin to small rate of fluid loss.
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