Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Lignes de transmission (télécommunications) – Modèles mathématiques'
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Nizigiyimana, Richard. "Diagnostic de réseaux électriques et communication par CPL." Thesis, Tours, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOUR4040/document.
Full textPower line communications (PLC) technologies allow deploying low cost home data network using power cables as transmission lines. They offer nowadays data rate sometimes upper than those of Wifi standard. However, PLC performances strongly depend on the electric and electromagnetic environment of the domestic power grid. The announced data rates are then rarely achieved. The aim of this work is to develop a tool computing the expected PLC performances of a given network. Frequent PLC models are compared and the multipath model has been chosen after than analysis. The developed simulator can compute the transmission parameters (transfer function, channel capacity, coherence bandwidth) between two points of the grid. The influence of the grid topology and the cable type is investigated. When the grid topology is unknown, an algorithm to compute it has been initiated from the pulse propagation times between power outlets
Chariag, Dhia Elhak. "Elaboration d'un outil d'analyse du réseau électrique domestique dans la bande CPL." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918136.
Full textAndrieu, Guillaume. "Élaboration et application d'une méthode de faisceau équivalent pour l'étude des couplages électromagnétiques sur réseaux de câblages automobiles." Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL10152.
Full textChafik, Aymene. "Modélisation haute fréquence des effets électromagnétiques induits dans les câblages aéronautiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0143/document.
Full textConsidering the increasing awareness of the EM coupling issues inside aircraft and automotive engines, numerical modeling of cable harness networks is currently one of the most important steps in the design process of an engineering project. Most of the relevant softwares that deals with the cable topology simulation relies on the well-known analytical models such as the multiconductor transmission line theory. These techniques are better than the fullwave ones regarding the time calculation and the memory requirement. However, they are available only in the low frequency range because of the assumptions taken into account such as the uniform geometry and the infinite length of the wires. To overcome these restrictions and improve the existing solutions, we come up with a new high frequency model which is based on the transmission line theory and two numerical methods: PEEC and TLST. To keep the analytical approach of our model, we managed to get the analytical expressions of the PEEC’s partial elements. In this thesis, we were also interested by the cable raceways and cable trays. First of all, we developed a raceway model based on transmission line wires. Comparing our results with the FDTD ones, we noticed some differences especially in the high frequency range when the wire ends with the risers. Through an experimental study, we explained the behavior and the impact of these cables trays on the EM wave propagation. Finally, the results of our models have been validated with the measurements. Thanks to these experiments, we highlighted the fact that the termination of a wire has an important impact on the wave propagation
Li, Zaiqing. "Contributions aux techniques de maillages irréguliers dans la méthode TLM : applications au calcul électromagnétique de structures à détails fins et interfaces non-cartésiennes." Brest, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BRES2009.
Full textFull-wave analysis is today a requirement for computed aided design of microwave and milimeter-wave components. It accounts for all-field-coupling effects during the design process and, hence, minimizes the time required before physical implementation. In addition, coupled with optimization procedures full-wave analysis will enable to provide an efficient and accurate tool for the design of complex structures within some reasonable time. Various rigorous methods have been developed. One shall focus on the Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) method which have been proved to be a very general and accurate but very costly in terms of computer resources. The reason is essentially due to constraints imposed by the mesh size used in the whole computational volume. The proposed work focuses on the generalization of the TLM mesh by using two techniques : the non-orthogonal TLM node that allows an accurate approximation of curved boundaries and block meshing which consist to simulate every part of the mesh at the proper time and space scale. Both techniques are evaluated in terms of accuracy and computational cost reduction. Some substantial improvement is reported and it is believed that those new approaches can be generalized and readily implemented
Faucher, Sébastien. "Modélisation quasi-analytique des composants passifs hybrides planar par la méthode des lignes de transmission." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20153.
Full textRouissi, Fatma. "Optimisation de la couche PHY des systèmes de communication sur le réseau d'énergie en présence de bruit impulsif." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10042/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with the study and the suggestion of new solutions to improve high bit rate power line communications. A special interest is given to impulsive noise presence which is the most difficult transmission constraint to overcome. The first aim of this work is to analyze statistically measure results then to propose a simple and efficient noise model that will be used in a simulation tool to define accurately suitable noise cancellation techniques. Experimental measurements done in both Indoor and vehicle PLC channels allowed to deduce noise characteristics in the two environments, to compare these characteristics and to prove high effect of Indoor impulsive noise. ln next step, three models were studied: c1ass A of Middleton mode 1, Markov chains-based model and the stochastic approach. Then, a new hybrid model, that combines the stochastic approach and Markov chains, was proposed. This model is simple, easy to implement and allows a satisfying fitting to noise temporal characteristics. Comparisons of models to measured noise show the efficiency of the hybrid approach that will be used afterward. The second aim of this work is to defme new appropriate and cost-effective methods to compensate impulsive noise effect. The frrst solution is to add a noise canceller module in the PLC system receiver. This solution was studied by proposing techniques to cancel noise by estimating its power. The second solution is to use error correction methods. ln this case, three channel coding structures were developed and their performances were studied in the presence of different impulsive noise scenarios
GAY, EMMANUEL. "Modelisation des systemes de transmission optique et des reseaux optiques." Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN10030.
Full textVoillemont, Jean-Charles. "Caractérisation par micro-sismicité induite des milieux poreux fracturés : modélisations par la méthode des lignes de courant d'un site géothermique HDR (Soultz-sous-Forêts, France)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL040N.
Full textThon-Adjalin, Carolle. "Étude d'un système de transmission sur fibre optique plastique à saut d'indice." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28166/28166.pdf.
Full textHouni, Karim. "Modélisation et étude de la transmission d'information par codes graphiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10002/document.
Full textGraphical Codes such as barcodes and 2D codes are a leading technology in identification and EDI. Displaying and reading these black and white pictograrns is equivalent to a singular digital communication system such that we drove our study according to information theory. From radiometry and optics principles, we've proposed a transmission channel model as a linear filter with Gaussian noise. Model parameters are thus function of code and camera characteristics, positioning and radiating power. System performances are evaluated with the computation of average mutual information (AMI). ln the 1D case (barcodes), AMI is estimated with a version of the BCJR Forward recursion by using channel markovianity. AMI is then an objective measure from which we define a theoretic depth of field and spatial resolution. These two criteria complement their geometrical equivalent by considering channel distortions and noise. ln the 2D case, we've shown that the model imply that the probability distribution of data knowing observations (a posteriori) is a Gibbs random field. We have thus highlighted that the evaluation of system's information rate is equivalent to the estimation of the random field free energy. The perspectives of the works are: adding colour to the codes, channel coding and the application of turbo principles
Pardonche, Jean-François. "Systèmes de transmission sans fil multi-émetteurs, multi-récepteurs pour des applications transports : étude des modèles de canal de propagation." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-5-6.pdf.
Full textLa pertinence d'un modèle de canal MIMO dépend donc de sa capacité à traduire le degré de corrélation dans le canal. Différents types de modèles de canal MIMO sont présentés dans ce mémoire: les modèles déterministes et les modèles stochastiques. Nous insistons plus particulièrement sur les principes de' construction des modèles stochastiques parce qu'ils ne demandent pas une description de l'environnement et qu'ils sont simples d'utilisation. Ils sont fondés sur le calcul de la corrélation dans le canal. Ces modèles de canal sont comparés à partir de mesures réalisées dans différents environnements, un tunnel de métro et deux environnements "indoor". L'influence des différents environnements sur la capacité d'un canal MIMO est présentée. Il ressort de cette comparaison que les modèles qui décrivent le mieux le comportement du canal MIMO quel que soit l'environnement sont ceux qui reposent sur la matrice de covariance du canal qui permet de prendre en compte de façon intrinsèque à la fois la puissance et la phase des coefficients du canal. La transmission d'un flux vidéo issu d'un système de vidéo surveillance à l'intérieur d'un bus vers un poste de contrôle distant est simulée sous Matlab. Les différents algorithmes implémentés sont décrits et nous rappelons leurs performances. Le meilleur modèle de canal identifié est appliqué sur des mesures réalisées en environnement semi-urbain. Nous montrons le gain apporté par les systèmes MIMO sur les débits ou la robustesse de la liaison sans fil et l'influence des caractéristiques du canal de propagation sur les performances
Rebaiaia, Mohamed-Larbi. "A contribution to the evaluation and optimization of networks reliability." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28436/28436.pdf.
Full textEfficient computation of systems reliability is required in many sensitive networks. Despite the increased efficiency of computers and the proliferation of algorithms, the problem of finding good and quickly solutions in the case of large systems remains open. Recently, efficient computation techniques have been recognized as significant advances to solve the problem during a reasonable period of time. However, they are applicable to a special category of networks and more efforts still necessary to generalize a unified method giving exact solution. Assessing the reliability of networks is a very complex combinatorial problem which requires powerful computing resources. Several methods have been proposed in the literature. Some have been implemented including minimal sets enumeration and factoring methods, and others remained as simple theories. This thesis treats the case of networks reliability evaluation and optimization. Several issues were discussed including the development of a methodology for modeling networks and evaluating their reliabilities. This methodology was validated as part of a radio communication network project. In this work, some algorithms have been developed to generate minimal paths and cuts for a given network. The generation of paths and cuts is an important contribution in the process of networks reliability and optimization. These algorithms have been subsequently used to assess reliability by a method based on binary decision diagrams. Several theoretical contributions have been proposed and helped to establish an exact solution of the stochastic networks reliability in which edges and nodes are subject to failure using factoring decomposition theorem. From this research activity, several tools have been implemented and results clearly show a significant gain in time execution and memory space used by comparison to many other implementations. Key-words: Reliability, Networks, optimization, binary decision diagrams, minimal paths set and cuts set, algorithms, Birnbaum performance index, Networks, radio-telecommunication systems, programs.
Atrous, Sofiane. "Mise en place d'une méthodologie de caractérisation en immunité champ proche de dispositifs électroniques." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUES030.
Full textEMC requirements are becoming stricter and must be taken into account during the design phase of electronic devices. For that reason, it is necessary to have models representing electromagnetic emission and immunity of components. Now a day, the main studies concern the characterization of conducted immunity and radiated emission of components. To complete this model, a study of radiated immunity must be made. This thesis aims to develop a methodology for components characterization and modeling when they are exposed to electromagnetic aggression. Starting from the different experimental methods and models developed previously to study coupling. The work in this thesis was focused more particularly in two axes : 1. The study and the modeling of coupling between electromagnetic waves and the printed circuit boards (PCB) using an analytical model based on the transmission lines theory (Agrawal model solved using BLT equations). 2. The developement of a new near field perturbation methodology. This technique use electromagnetic probes which allows the generation of localized fields with high amplitudes without need a strong powers. We have studied more particularly the case of a simple analog integrated circuit (logic inverter)
Olivas, Carrion Marc. "Communications sur le réseau d'énergie électrique d'un véhicule : modélisation et analyse du canal de propagation." Lille 1, 2006. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2006/50376-2006-Carrion.pdf.
Full textDe, Vega Rodrigo Miguel. "Modeling future all-optical networks without buffering capabilities." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210455.
Full textIn the first part we introduce the basic functionality and structure of OBS and OPS networks. We identify the blocking probability as the main performance parameter of interest.
In the second part we study the statistical properties of the traffic that will likely run through these networks. We use for this purpose a set of traffic traces obtained from the Universidad Politécnica de Catalunya. Our conclusion is that traffic entering the optical domain in future OBS/OPS networks will be long-range dependent (LRD).
In the third part we present the model for bufferless OBS/OPS networks. This model takes into account the results from the second part of the thesis concerning the LRD nature of traffic. It also takes into account specific issues concerning the functionality of a typical bufferless packet-switching network. The resulting model presents scalability problems, so we propose an approximative method to compute the blocking probability from it. We empirically evaluate the accuracy of this method, as well as its scalability.
Doctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Chaaban, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'étude du rayonnement des conducteurs filaires." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00669531.
Full textAvella, Castiblanco Jorge. "Electromagnetic modeling for antenna design and specifications in tunnels of arbitrary cross-section and answering to the electromagnetic constraints of the environment of the railway domain." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10189.
Full textThis thesis aims to develop original and appropriate methodologies to model the propagation of EM waves in tunnels of any shape and to propose methodologies to optimize the specification, design and positioning of the antenna in the tunnel. We proposed a novel method for full-wave modal analysis to treat the case of EM wave propagation in structures of large electric dimensions or confined environments of any shape such as tunnels. This method is a modal approach which is based on the 2.5D TLM algorithm and Matrix Pencil algorithm for the discrimination of modes in lossy structures in which the modal density is high and the modes overlap. We considered new boundary conditions called SIBC (Surface Impedance Boundary Condition) for dielectric waveguides with losses. To analyze the general case and several realistic tunnel configurations, we proposed a new classification of modes. Indeed, the classification of existing methods is no longer applicable due to depolarization effects in some realistic cases. A new methodology for determining the specifications and positions of antennas in confined or guided structures was then developed. This methodology is based on a combination of modal analysis and optimization techniques to adjust the weights of the different modes in the tunnel. This approach is used in the case of adaptive antennas, but it has never been applied to the case of multipath propagation modes in the tunnel
Bouassam, Hamid. "Analyse et modélisation de l’effet des impédances de charge sur les performances d’une liaison CPL sur le réseau électrique domestique." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10040/document.
Full textPowerline communication (PLC) is used to transmit high-speed data using power network as a transmission medium. However the complexity and diversity of electrical network topologies, the diversity of domestic electrical appliances connected to the network and the electromagnetic disturbances can limit the performance of this technology. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the network characteristics and the performance of a broadband PLC link and also to highlight network topologies and loads that affect the performance of a PLC communication. The scientific approach consists firstly in characterizing the transmission channel in terms of insertion gain and then in characterizing the performance of the PLC link in terms of Shannon's capacity, in order to identify the topology characteristics that mainly influence the communication. This characterization is divided into two parts. A first experimental part studies the impact of the load and of the architecture of the electrical distribution network. A second theoretical part emphasizes on the influence of the topology and the impedances of domestic loads using a simulation tool based on the multiwire transmission line theory and the electromagnetic topology. Two transmissions are studied; a SISO (Single Input Single Output) link with the PLC transmitter and receiver connected to the network via capacitive coupling between phase and neutral, and a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) link where signals are transmitted / received between two pairs of wires : phase-neutral and earth-neutral
Guezgouz, Djamel. "Contribution à la modélisation du réseau électrique domestique en vue de la caractérisation du canal de propagation CPL." Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00922801.
Full textBenferhat, Djamel. "Conception d'un système de communication tolérant la connectivité intermittente pour capteurs mobiles biométriques - Application à la supervision médicale de l'activité cardiaque de marathoniens." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne Sud, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904627.
Full textMalik, Muhammad Haris. "Reduced order modeling for smart grids' simulation and optimization." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405730.
Full textCette these présente l'étude de la réduction de modeles pour les réseaux électriques et les réseaux de transmission. Un point de vue mathématique a été adopté pour la réduction de modeles. Les réseaux électriques sont des réseaux immenses et complexes, dont l'analyse et la conception nécessite la simulation et la résolution de grands modeles non-linéaires. Dans le cadre du développement de réseaux électriques intelligents (smart grids) avec une génération distribuée de puissance, l'analyse en temps réel de systemes complexes tels que ceux-ci nécessite des modeles rapides, fiables et précis. Dans la présente étude, nous proposons des méthodes de réduction de de modeles a la fois a priori et a posteriori, adaptées aux modeles dynamiques des réseaux électriques. Un accent particulier a été mis sur la dynamique transitoire des réseaux électriques, décrite par un modele oscillant nonlinéaire et complexe. La non-linéarité de ce modele nécessite une attention particuliere pour bénéficier du maximum d'avantages des techniques de réduction de modeles. lnitialement, des méthodes comme POD et LATIN ont été adoptées avec des degrés de succes divers. La méthode de TPWL, qui combine la POD avec des approximations linéaires multiples, a été prouvée comme étant la méthode de réduction de modeles la mieux adaptée pour le modele dynamique oscillant. Pour les lignes de transmission, un modele de parametres distribués en domaine fréquentiel est utilisé. Des modeles réduits de type PGD sont proposés pour le modele DP des lignes de transmission. Un probleme multidimensionnel entierement paramétrique a été formulé, avec les parametres électriques des lignes de transmission inclus comme coordonnées additionnelles de la représentation séparée. La méthode a été étendue pour étudier la solution du modele des lignes de transmission pour laquelle les parametres dépendent de la fréquence.
Esta tesis presenta un estudio de la reducción de modelos (MOR) para redes de transmisión y distribución de electricidad. El enfoque principal utilizado ha sido la dinámica transitoria y para la reducción de modelos se ha adoptado un punto de vista matemático. Las redes eléctricas son complejas y tienen un tamaño importante. Por lo tanto, el análisis y diseño de este tipo de redes mediante la simulación numérica, requiere la resolución de modelos no-lineales complejos. En el contexto del desarrollo de redes inteligentes, el objetivo es un análisis en tiempo real de sistemas complejos, por lo que son necesarios modelos rápidos, fiables y precisos. En el presente estudio se proponen diferentes métodos de reducción de modelos, tanto a priori como a posteriori, adecuados para modelos dinámicos de redes eléctricas. La dinámica transitoria de redes eléctricas, se describe mediante modelos dinámicos oscilatorios no-lineales. Esta no-linearidad del modelo necesita ser bien tratada para obtener el máximo beneficio de las técnicas de reducción de modelos. Métodos como la POD y la LATIN han sido inicialmente utilizados en esta problemática con diferentes grados de éxito. El método de TPWL, que combina la POD con múltiples aproximaciones lineales, ha resultado ser el mas adecuado para sistemas dinámicos oscilatorios. En el caso de las redes de transmisión eléctrica, se utiliza un modelo de parámetros distribuidos en el dominio de la frecuencia. Se propone reducir este modelo basándose en la PGD, donde los parámetros eléctricos de la red de transmisión son incluidos como coordenadas de la representación separada del modelo paramétrico. Este método es ampliado para representar la solución de modelos con parámetros dependientes de la frecuencia para las redes de transmisión eléctrica