Academic literature on the topic 'Limbe'

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Journal articles on the topic "Limbe"

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Vasseur, Marie. "Limbe." Chimères 66-67, no. 1 (2008): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/chime.066.0459.

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Francis, Patry. "Limbe." Antioch Review 59, no. 3 (2001): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4614216.

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Chammout, F. Z., Y. Souley, Y. Ajhoune, K. Reda, and A. Oubaaz. "Dermoïde du limbe." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 42, no. 2 (February 2019): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2018.04.025.

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Offret, H., M. Fabre, J. Porras, O. Offret, and M. Labetoulle. "Élastose bilatérale du limbe." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 31, no. 3 (March 2008): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0181-5512(08)74815-0.

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Cusset, Gérard. "La morphogenèse du limbe des Dicotylédones." Canadian Journal of Botany 64, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 2807–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b86-375.

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In this unique and comprehensive article, Dr. Cusset presents a historical review of ideas and theories on leaf development, a detailed description and critique of the classical model, a discussion of Jeune's model, and finally his own synthetic model.According to Cusset, the classical model, which has been widely adopted in textbooks, reference books, and research, postulates that (i) leaf morphogenesis results from the successive activity of apical, marginal (or submarginal), and intercalary meristems; (ii) cell files arise from submarginal initials; (iii) the cell is the fundamental unit of morphogenesis. Cusset documents the shortcomings of these assumptions by discussing evidence from publications that deal with modem techniques ranging from the quantitative analysis of mitotic activity and chimeras to marker experiments and clonal analysis. All of these different approaches have led to the same conclusion: for nearly all taxa studied so far, there is no evidence, either in terms of mitotic activity (e.g., mitotic index) or in a functional sense, of apical or marginal meristems. This means that apical or marginal meristems cannot account for the elongation and lateral extension of the leaf blade. Rather, the available data support the following conclusions.(i) The young leaf primordium is fully meristematic, i.e., there is generalized mitotic activity throughout the primordium. Gradually the mitotic activity is restricted to the base and thus the leaf develops through the activity of an intercalary meristem. Both the orientation and the frequency of cell divisions indicate that the leaf margin plays only a minor role in the growth of the lamina. In only a very few cases (e.g., the petals of Nicotiana tabacum), and then in only relatively late developmental stages, has a maximal mitotic index been observed directly at the margin. More commonly, a peak of mitotic activity has been noted in a submarginal region. However, this region is at a considerable distance from the margin, and the increased mitotic activity, which is often not statistically significant, occurs in only some developmental stages. In summary, one may conclude that instead of distinct meristematic entities, the developing leaf shows a patterned continuum of meristematic activity.(ii) The so-called submarginal initials contribute relatively little to the lateral extension of the leaf blade. Hence, it is questionable whether they should be called "initials."(iii) In general, cells do not appear to be the fundamental units of morphogenesis. As pointed out long ago by De Bary: "the plant forms cells, not cells the plant," thus underscoring the need for a more holistic approach.In addition to the preceding conclusions, Jeune's model (developed in Cusset's laboratory) incorporates the notion of growth centres ("centres générateurs"). These are defined as fields with certain physiological properties that are transmitted to other areas of the developing leaf. Each leaf primordium has two growth centres. In compound or lobed leaves, they are responsible for the production of the lateral elements according to the following rules, (i) Each primordium of a leaflet or lobe arises at a fixed distance from the preceding one. (ii) The rhythm of their formation is constant with regard to the plastochron on the axis where the leaf is bom. (iii) As a consequence, the correlation between the number of lateral elements and the logarithm of the length of the blade primordium is linear (which confirms the exponential growth of the primordium). (iv) After the inception of a lateral element, the growth centre that gave rise to it is reconstituted. If, however, the growth centre is removed microsurgically on one side of the leaf primordium, no lateral elements are formed there. The concept of centre générateur closely corresponds to the idea of a growth centre sensu Wardlaw. Although Jeune's model has been confirmed for a great variety of leaves, both simple and compound, it does not fully apply in all cases, as for example in the leaves of Castanea sativa and Fraxinus excelsior. To cope with these exceptions, as well as other situations, Cusset proposes a synthetic model in which leaf blade development is modulated by the following eight internal effectors: (i) biochemical oscillations, according to the "brusselator," a model directly derived from ideas of Turing and Prigogine; (ii) the calmodulin–Ca2+ balance; (iii) a distal phyllopodial organizer, based on microsurgical evidence, but rather hypothetical; (iv) a system orienting the major veins according to the model of Ferré and Le Guyader; (v) interactions between the flux of inductive substances explaining the minor venation according to Mitchison's model; (vi) a microtubule orienting mechanism which might be an internal electromagnetic phenomenon; (vii) an organizing mechanism that eventually explains the particularities of the minor venation of each species; (viii) auxin acting in a complex fashion on several of the preceding effectors. External factors, such as temperature interact with the above internal mechanisms.Although some aspects of the above synthetic model remain rather hypothetical and speculative at the present time, Cusset's proposal may serve as a stimulating working hypothesis. Furthermore, it emphasizes that the study of leaf morphogenesis not only is a technical and morphological problem of limited interest, but also involves aspects of molecular biology and fundamental theoretical and philosopical issues. From this point of view, leaf morphogenesis may serve as a model case for the discussion and elucidation of contemporary morphogenetic and biological problems.
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Cusset, Gérard. "Erratum: La morphogenèse du limbe des Dicotylédones." Canadian Journal of Botany 65, no. 7 (July 1, 1987): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b87-213.

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Limaiem, R., A. Hassairi, R. Bouraoui, M. Bouladi, and L. El Matri. "Phacocèle post-traumatique mimant une tumeur du limbe." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 39, no. 6 (June 2016): 580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2016.02.008.

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Maunoury, L., R. Leroy, T. Been, G. Gaubert, L. Guillaume, D. Leclerc, A. Lepoutre, et al. "LIMBE: A new facility for low energy beams." Review of Scientific Instruments 73, no. 2 (February 2002): 561–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430032.

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Mahmoud, A., R. Messaoud, F. Abid, and M. Bouzayane. "Un poil qui pousse dans l’œil : dermoïde du limbe." Journal Français d'Ophtalmologie 40, no. 9 (November 2017): 819–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfo.2017.02.011.

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Maes, Jan, Jeff Mbella Molombe, Kewan Mertens, Constanza Parra, Jean Poesen, Vivian Bih Che, and Matthieu Kervyn. "Socio-political drivers and consequences of landslide and flood risk zonation: A case study of Limbe city, Cameroon." Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space 37, no. 4 (August 16, 2018): 707–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399654418790767.

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Disaster risk zonation is often proposed as a long-term disaster risk reduction strategy by international treaties and academic research. This strategy has been implemented in the city of Limbe, which is known to be a disaster-prone one. Citizens are forced to settle in unsafe terrains, ranging from wetlands to unstable hillslopes due to the city’s geographical location and economic attraction. Following the fatal landslides and floods in 2001, a local crisis committee identified affected areas and declared them ‘risk zones’ to prevent further exposure. Empirically, this study narrates the production and implementation of risk zonation policy in the city of Limbe. Theoretically, it uses an urban political ecology perspective, which incorporates science and technology studies, post-political theory and disaster research to interpret the drivers and implications of the mismatch between research, policy and action. In this case study, we investigate the implications for disaster risk reduction by describing three underlying socio-political drivers of the risk zonation policy: (i) authoritarian science regime, (ii) post-political discourse, and (iii) blame diversion. We argue that authorities from national to local level use a post-political discourse to promote and implement disaster risk reduction in the city of Limbe through the development and the application of risk zonation policy. As a consequence, risk zonation leads to poor enforcement of the law and corruption, ultimately leading to risk accumulation in this case. This analysis allows us to draw broader conclusions on drivers and implications of the implementation of disaster risk zonation policy in urban areas that are primarily governed hierarchically and prone to corruption.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Limbe"

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CODET, JEAN-MARC. "Tumeurs du limbe sclero-corneen : reflexions cliniques et therapeutiques a partir de 23 observations." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIMO0148.

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Ewoko, Mathew Ngale. "Municipal Solid Waste Management, Limbe Municipality Cameroon." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för ekoteknik och hållbart byggande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-19660.

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The overview of this paper is about municipal solid waste management in Cameroon and suggested methods for improvement. Garbage bins for sorting has been mentioned in this paper as one of the major infrastructure needed in all the areas, particularly in the low standards areas. The installation of garbage bins for source separation, building of transfer stations next to paved roads have been mentioned as one of the primary solution for both the waste vehicles and households. This will increase the waste collection system and will reduce illegal dumping of waste. Population, urbanisation and industrial growth has also been mentioned in this paper as one of the main causes of increase waste generation that has lead to illegal dumping of waste in unwanted areas. Low level of education, inadequate financial standings or resources, poor enforcement of waste management regulations and governance has often led to major waste management problems in Cameroon. This paper also presents a vital analysis of the distance between garbage bins and households as well as possible solutions. The method used in this paper is both primary and secondary data’s which has been explained below. The three filter theory and the waste hierarchy model have as well been used. The case study of Limbe municipality has been used to bring out waste management related problems and recommended possible solutions for improvement.       Key words: Environment, municipal solid waste management, Limbe municipality, Cameroon, awareness.

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Godard, Patrice. "Le carcinome épidermoïde du limbe-cornéen : à propos de 14 observations." Saint-Etienne, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STET6411.

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Barré, Jérôme. "Assimilation de données satellites au limbe et au nadir dans un modèle de chimie-transport." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012INPT0092/document.

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L'assimilation de données permet de combiner d'une manière optimale un modèle numérique décrivant l'évolution de la composition chimique de l'atmosphère et les mesures disponibles. Dans cette thèse, l'assimilation de données est utilisée afin de caractériser les distributions troposphériques et stratosphériques de l'ozone (O3) et du monoxyde de carbone (CO). Le Modèle de Chimie Transport (CTM) MOCAGE (MOdèle de Chimie Atmosphérique à Grande échelle) est utilisé dans une configuration à deux domaines imbriqués avec les résolutions de 2◦ (global) et de 0.2◦ (régional). La technique variationnelle du 3D-FGAT est utilisée pour toutes les études que constituent cette thèse. Nous avons évalué la complémentarité des mesures satellites au limbe et au nadir aujourd'hui disponibles pour la caractérisation de l'UTLS (Haute Troposphère Basse Stratosphère) en assimilant ces deux types de mesures simultanément. Nous nous sommes en particulier intéressé à la propagation de l'information provenant des mesures assimilés dans le modèle et plus particulièrement, aux impacts de l'assimilation de mesures stratosphérique d'ozone en troposphère aux moyennes latitudes. Les principaux objectifs de cette thèse ont été de montrer la valeur ajoutée de l'augmentation de la résolution modèle pour l'assimilation de données et les effets synergiques de l'assimilation combinée d'un sondeur au limbe et au nadir. Des développements au niveau du système d'assimilation en domaine imbriqué à 0.2◦ ont été effectués. L'assimilation des données dans le domaine global est maintenant prise en compte et les conditions aux bords provenant des champs assimilés montre un impact significatif sur le domaine imbriqué. Dans un premier temps, nous avons assimilé les profils d'ozone stratosphériques mesurés au limbe provenant de MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) afin d'étudier deux cas d'échange entre la Stratosphère et la Troposphère (STE)
Data assimilation combines in an optimal way a numerical model describing the evolution of the atmospheric chemical composition and the available trace gases measurements. In this thesis, data assimilation is used to characterize the ozone (O3) and the carbon monoxide (CO) distributions in the stratosphere and in the troposphere. The Chemistry Transport Model (CTM) MOCAGE (MOdèle de Chimie Atmosphérique à Grande Echelle) is used in a configuration with two nested domains at 2◦ (global) and at 0.2◦ (regional). To perform the assimilation experiments a 3D-FGAT variational method is used. We evaluate the complementarity of limb and nadir measurements available at the present day at characterizing the UTLS (Upper Troposphere Lower Stratosphere) region by assimilating simultaneously the two type of measurements. We particularly focus on the impacts of data assimilation of stratospheric ozone measurements on troposphere and conversely of tropospheric data assimilation on stratosphere. Showing the added value of the increased horizontal resolution in the UTLS assimilated fields and the synergistic effects of limb and nadir assimilation were the main objectives of this work. Development in the assimilation system have been made in the assimilation system with the nested domain. Data assimilation in the global domain is now taken in account and the boundary condition from the assimilated fields show significant impacts on the regional domain. Firstly, we assimilate stratospheric ozone profiles from MLS (Microwave Limb Sounder) to investigate two Stratosphere-Troposphere Exchange (STE) case studies.
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Ekonde, Cathy Nanyongo. "Tourism destination marketing : a comparative study, between Gotland Island, Sweden and Limbe city, Cameroon." Thesis, Gotland University, Institution 2, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-489.

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This research is carried out to explore the factors that influence visitors to choose a particular destination for a visit or the attributes visitors consider necessary to quality a place as a potential destination for a visit. This research is a comparative study on tourism destination marketing conducted in a town in a developed country; Gotland Island in Sweden and a town in a developing country; Limbe city in Cameroon. This research tries test two hypothesis, which were formulated by the researcher.

Hypothesis I; visitors consider particular attributes in a destination before they visit it.

Hypothesis II; some attributes are inevitable in any destination choice decision.

The research contains ideas from 200 respondents, 100 visitors of Gotland Island, and 100 visitors of Limbe City, and the results support both hypothesis. The research also contains a comparison of the attributes visitors consider in Gotland Island and Limbe city. This brings out the factors that would be considered by visitors in a developed country and visitors in developing country.

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Mosoke, Eko victor. "Four Wastewater Treatment Methods Evaluated from a Sustainability Perspective in the Limbe Urban Municipality Cameroon (Central Africa)." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-18434.

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Aggravated by rapid population growth, urbanization, and industrialization and most recently by climate change events, the availability of water especially in the third world is reaching critical proportions.  This is aggravated by the non treatment of wastewater (sewage) and discharged of untreated wastewater into water bodies. The study focused on identifying and reviewing four wastewater treatment methods from a sustainability perspective; waste stabilization pond, constructed wetland, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor and sedimentation/thickening tank systems suitable for the Limbe Urban Municipality (LUM) of Cameroon in Central West Africa with an estimated population of 120, 000 inhabitants and experiencing 4.7 per cent annual growth rate. The attractiveness of these four methods stems from their apparent energy efficiency, simplicity, robustness, low cost effectiveness in situations where as in the LUM, there are huge tracts of available land, warm temperatures, and their capacity to promote effluent re-use opportunities for various sectors. Issues of sustainability of the water supply and wastewater treatment systems, untreated sewage, and their contribution to escalating environmental and public health impacts in LUM (Cameroon) were critically evaluated and discussed with the aid of Kärrman (2000) framework approach that employs different sets of sustainability criteria (Environmental, Health and Hygiene, and Functional), sub-criteria and indicators. Results obtained reveal that water and wastewater treatment systems in LUM do not operate or conforms to sustainability perspectives. Inhabitants do not still have access to clean drinking water (an approximate 45 per cent) especially in the dry periods of the year, low sanitation coverage (with the tradition of sewage treatment in septic tanks and pit latrines), rising yearly public health impacts associated with water-borne (cholera, dysentery, malaria, typhoid fever and diarrhea) infections and 6 deaths reported in LUM. These leading problems are directly or indirectly linked to consumption of contaminated water or foods in different communities such as Mile II, Isokolo, Bonadikombo (Mile four) etc, and New Town areas and flood prone zones in the Limbe urban municipality.
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Maloney, Tichaawa Tembi. "Cameroonian fans' perceptions of the 2010 Fifa World Cup : a case study of Buea and Limbe." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1596.

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Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009
Football is considered one of the most important sports in several of the 53 countries in Africa, with the largest viewership and participation.
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Njifonjou, Oumarou. "Dynamique de l'exploitation dans la pêche artisanale maritime des régions de Limbe et de Krimbi au Cameroun." Brest, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BRES2025.

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Ce travail est relatif a l'etude des systemes d'exploitation en halieutique. L'objectif principal poursuivi est l'analyse de la dynamique globale d'une pecherie, a travers celle de la ressource, des flottilles, des techniques et pratiques de peche ainsi que de la dynamique sociale et economique du systeme peche. L'etude s'appuie sur le cas de la pecherie artisanale maritime au cameroun, une des pecheries ouest-africaines reconnues complexes pour son caractere multispecifique et multiengin, et du fait de son exploitation conjointe a la fois par des pecheurs et migrants, integres dans l'economie de marche. Cette complexite en fait un cas d'etude particulierement adaptee a l'approche globale et interdisciplinaire proposee dans cette recheche. La cote camerounaise est soumise a une tres forte pluviometrie, ce qui engendre une accumulation importante d'eau chaude et dessalee, drainee dans la baie de bafra a la fois par les pluies, les crues des rivieres et les courants de surface. Un systeme d'enquetes fonde sur le modele dynamique, approche utilisee ici, est presente. Les donnees recueillies au travers des enquetes sur les sorties de peche, la transformation et la commercialisation des produits de peche, ont ete analysees. Les resultats obtenus sont presentes, notamment sur l'effort de peche, la p. U. E. Des differents types d'unites de peche, les captures totales estimees et le cycle biologique de l'exploitation de l'ethmalose (ethmalosa fimbriata, principale espece debarquee), obtenu a partir des ecophases exploitees. Un exemple d'organisation sociale et d'interrelations liant les differents acteurs et les institutions intervenant dans le systeme peche, a ete expose a travers l'etude monographique du centre de peche de dockyard-limbe. Apres une analyse economique des differentes activites de la filiere (production, transformation, commercialisation), les differents comptes d'exploitation, la rentabilite des unites d'exploitation et les revenus generes par les differentes branches de la filiere sont exposes. Les resultats ainsi obtenus aident a mieux decrire les differents types d'exploitation de la ressource, a identifier les contraintes au developpement du secteur, et a proposer des recommandations visant a mieux conduire les problemes d'amenagement et de gestion des pecheries au cameroun.
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Cheo, Adeline Abimnwi Awemo [Verfasser], and Hans Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Voigt. "Municipal solid waste management and groundwater contamination in Limbe, Cameroon / Adeline Abimnwi Awemo Cheo. Betreuer: Hans Jürgen Voigt." Cottbus : Universitätsbibliothek der BTU Cottbus, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1021685607/34.

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Quang, Carine. "Modélisation des propriétés statistiques de la luminance infrarouge du fond de ciel observée au limbe depuis la stratosphère." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00511732.

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Les performances des systèmes de veille IR aéroportés pour la detection de missiles balistiques sont limitées par les fluctuations spatiales de la luminance du fond de ciel. Cette thèse propose un nouveau code, FACLUM-2D, capable de calculer la fonction d'autocorrélation (FAC) 2D des fluctuations de la luminance atmosphérique, observées en visée quasi-horizontale depuis la stratosphere et spécifique à l'IR thermique. Les fluctuations du fond atmosphérique sont, dans ce cas, essentiellement dues aux fluctuations spatiales de la température et de la fraction massique de la vapeur d'eau. La prise en compte de ces dernières dans FACLUM-2D constitue la contribution majeure de ce travail de thèse. De plus, la détermination de la FAC de la luminance requiert la connaissance du coefficient d'absorption et de sa dérivée par rapport à la température et de la fraction massique de la vapeur d'eau. Pour cela, j'ai développé un code raie par raie pour l'IR thermique (RPR-IRT), permettant de tabuler la dérivée du coefficient d'absorption par rapport à la température et par rapport à la fraction massique de la vapeur d'eau avec une résolution spectrale de 10-4 cm-1. Faute de mesures expérimentales, le code FACLUM-2D a été validé avec des solutions analytiques pour un milieu homogène gris et comparé, dans la mesure du possible, à des codes de transfert radiatif standards. Les premiers résultats montrent, pour la première fois, l'impact significatif des fluctuations de la fraction massique de vapeur d'eau sur les fluctuations de la luminance. Une des perspectives majeures est d'étendre FACLUM-2D à une bande spectrale plus large, afin de couvrir tout l'IR.
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Books on the topic "Limbe"

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A, Kima Ayuk. Introducing Limbe: Environment and tourism. Limbe: Business Promotion Consultants Publication, 1990.

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Project, Mount Cameroon. Medicinal plants of the Limbe Botanic Garden. Limbe, Cameroon: Mount Cameroon Project, 1995.

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Canada. Agriculture et agroalimentaire Canada. Un meilleur rendement, un limbe à la fois. [Ottawa]: Agriculture et Agroalimentaire Canada, 2008.

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Clark, Laurie E. Non-timber forest products: A selection from the Limbe Botanic Garden. [Limbe, Cameroon]: Limbe Botanic Garden, Environmental Education Unit, 2001.

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Chi-Atang, Divine Celestine. Urban land use versus the environment: A case study of Limbe, Fako Division. Cameroon: National Centre for Administration and Magistracy, National School of Administration and Magistracy, 1991.

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Power, Joey. Through the glass darkly. Some tentative thoughts on African Intrepreneurship in Blantyre-Limbe 1907-1953. Zomba, University of Malawi: University of Malawi, 1986.

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Ivăniș-Frenţiu, Maria. Limba română şi limbajul rugăciunii: Limba română ca limbă liturgică. Bucureşti: Anastasia, 2001.

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Limba română şi limbajul rugăciunii: Limba română ca limbă liturgică. Bucureşti: Anastasia, 2001.

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Limbes =: Limbo : un hommage à Samuel Beckett. Arles: Actes Sud, 2000.

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Murray, Craig D. Amputation, prosthesis use, and phantom limb pain: An interdisciplinary perspective. New York: Springer, 2010.

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Book chapters on the topic "Limbe"

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Che, Vivian Bih, Philippe Trefois, Matthieu Kervyn, Gerald G. J. Ernst, Eric Van Ranst, Jean-Claude Verbrugge, Christian Schroeder, Patric Jacobs, and Cheo Emmanuel Suh. "Geotechnical and Mineralogical Characterisation of Soils from Landslide Scars and Inferred Sliding Mechanism: Case of Limbe, SW Cameroon." In Landslide Science and Practice, 43–49. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31337-0_5.

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Hopcroft, Keith, and Vincent Forte. "Limbs." In Symptom Sorter, 287–329. Sixth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003032106-12.

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Braitenberg, Valentin. "Liebe." In Künstliche Wesen, 13–17. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-85840-5_4.

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Kahl-Scholz, Martina. "Liebe." In Mensch! Erstaunliches über den Körper, 181–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56155-3_13.

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Grieser, Alexandra. "Liebe." In Metzler Lexikon Religion, 336–39. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-03703-9_110.

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Grieser, Alexandra. "Liebe." In Metzler Lexikon Religion, 868–71. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-00091-0_300.

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Lachmann, Rainer. "Liebe." In Theologische Schlüsselbegriffe, 280–93. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666702846.280.

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Demmerling, Christoph, and Hilge Landweer. "Liebe." In Philosophie der Gefühle, 127–65. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05200-1_6.

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John, Johannes. "Liebe." In Goethe Handbuch, 663–66. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-03656-8_8.

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Kurt, Ronald, and Jessica Pahl. "Liebe." In Interkulturelles Verstehen in Schulen des Ruhrgebiets, 79–93. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-08477-6_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Limbe"

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Shieh, Win-Bin, Dar-Zen Chen, and Chia-Chun Wu. "Design of an Orthosis for the Weight Balance of Human Lower Limbs." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-71016.

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Most existing lower limb orthosis use actuators and active controller to guide the motion of human lower limbs. Actuators with relatively large power are usually required to compensate the gravity effect of the human lower limbs, even for a normal walking. Hence, design of an orthosis for the weight balance of human lower limbs is desired. For the motion compatibility, the human hip joint is treated as a planar pair and the knee joint as a revolute pair. As a consequence, while the lower limb is in motion, the exact positions of the mass centers of the human lower limbs cannot be obtained. Hence, in this work, topological synthesis of the orthosis mechanisms, which can trace the mass centers of the human thigh and shank, respectively, is implemented. The weight balance of the human lower limbs is achieved by fitting a minimum number of zero-free-length springs. Based on the anthropometric parameters, dimensions of the lower limb orthosis is determined and the proposed design is justified by the simulation executed by the software of ProEngineer. Finally, a first generation prototype is built.
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Xie, Longhan, and Xiaodong Li. "Develop a Flexible Regenerative Exoskeleton to Assist Walking." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86779.

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During walking, human lower limbs accelerate and decelerate alternately, during which period the human body does positive and negative work, respectively. Muscles provide power to all motions and cost metabolic energy both in accelerating and decelerating the lower limbs. In this work, the lower-limb biomechanics of walking was analyzed and it revealed that if the negative work performed during deceleration can be harnessed using some assisting device to then assist the acceleration movement of the lower limb, the total metabolic cost of the human body during walking can be reduced. A flexible lower-limb exoskeleton was then proposed; it is worn in parallel to the lower limbs to assist human walking without consuming external power. The flexible exoskeleton consists of elastic and damping components that are similar to physiological structure of a human lower limb. When worn on the lower limb, the exoskeleton can partly replace the function of the lower limb muscles and scavenge kinetic energy during lower limb deceleration to assist the acceleration movement. Besides, the generator in the exoskeleton, serving as a damping component, can harvest kinetic energy to produce electricity. A prototype of the flexible exoskeleton was developed, and experiments were carried out to validate the analysis. The experiments showed that the exoskeleton could reduce the metabolic cost by 3.12% at the walking speed of 4.5 km/h.
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Guo, Wentao, Weizhong Guo, and Feng Gao. "Type Synthesis of 4-DOF and 5-DOF Parallel Mechanisms Considering Passive Constraining Limbs." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34346.

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Passive limbs can be introduced into the design of parallel mechanisms to provide constraints, generate decoupled configuration, bear full or partial weights and/or payloads, separate constraints from the actuations, decrease the required actuating forces of active limbs, and even increase the stiffness and accuracy of the whole system. Currently, there is still no systematic study on the utilization of passive limbs. The available parallel mechanisms having one passive limb were developed mainly based on intuition and ingenuity. In this paper 4-DOF and 5-DOF parallel mechanisms with passive limbs are investigated in terms of type synthesis. Based on the distribution of wrench system among the active limbs and passive limbs, a full-scale criterion is developed for effectively and efficiently synthesizing all kinds of 4 & 5-DOF parallel mechanisms with one or more passive limbs. All 9 categories of the 4-DOF and 2 categories of 5-DOF parallel mechanisms with passive limbs are synthesized and exemplified through kinematic diagrams merely using independent constraints. Several nonoverconstrained 4 or 5-DOF parallel mechanisms with one or two constraining passive limb are presented.
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Collins, Curtis L. "Stiffness Modeling and Force Distribution for the All-Terrain Hex-Limbed Extra-Terrestrial Explorer (ATHLETE)." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35404.

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The All-Terrain Hex-Limbed Extra-Terrestrial Explorer (ATHLETE) is a six limbed vehicle designed for both mobility and manipulation. Each limb has six active degrees-of-freedom, plus a powered wheel. Along the axis if each wheel is a mechanical interface that allows the integration of tools that can make use of the wheel actuator. Thus each limb can act as a leg for walking, an active suspension for a driven wheel, or a manipulator with an actuated tool. Fundamental to the operation of the system is the ability to control limb pose, overall body pose, as well as regulate limb forces. Joint torques are estimated from the difference between the incremental and absolute encoder readings on each joint. Forces are then computed from joint torques and force regulation is performed by modifying the limb positions. Force regulation allows the vehicle to lift larger payloads and traverse terrain while actively complying to terrain features.
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Showalter, Mark, and Dennis Hong. "Workspace Analysis for the Limbs of a Hexapedal Robot Walking Gait Generation Algorithm Development." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49615.

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The Multi-Appendage Robotic System (MARS) is a hexapedal robotic platform capable of walking and of performing manipulation tasks. Each of the six limbs of MARS incorporates a three-degree of freedom (DOF), kinematically spherical proximal joint, similar to a shoulder or hip joint, and a 1-DOF distal joint, similar to an elbow or knee joint. The generation of walking gaits for such robots with multiple limbs requires a thorough understanding of the kinematics of the limbs, including their workspace. Since the entire limb workspace cannot be used in a statically stable alternating tripedal gait for such a robot, a subset of the general limb workspace is defined to be used for walking gait generation algorithms. The specific abilities of a walking algorithm dictate the usable workspace for the limbs. Generally speaking, the more general the walking algorithm is, the less constricted the workspace becomes. In this paper we develop the workspaces for the limb of MARS in the knee up configuration, which range from simple 2D geometry to complex 3D volume, and analyze its limitations for use in walking on flat level surfaces. Next we discuss the case when the robot body is not parallel to the ground. The results from this paper can be applied to the development of walking gait generation algorithms.
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Gan, Dongming, Jian S. Dai, and Lakmal D. Seneviratne. "Reconfiguration and Unified Kinematics Analysis of a Metamorphic Parallel Mechanism With Bifurcated Motion." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70064.

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This paper introduced a new metamorphic parallel mechanism consisting of four reconfigurable rTPS limbs. Based on the reconfigurability of the reconfigurable Hooke (rT) joint, the rTPS limb has two phases while in one phase the limb has no constraint to the platform, in the other it constrains the spherical joint center to lie on a plane. This results in the mechanism to have ability of reconfiguration between different topologies with variable mobility. Geometric constraint equations of the platform rotation matrix and translation vector are set up based on the point-plane constraint, which reveals the bifurcated motion property in the topology with mobility 2 and the geometric condition with mobility change in altering to other mechanism topologies. Following this, a unified kinematics limb modeling is proposed considering the difference between the two phases of the reconfigurable rTPS limb. This is further applied for the mechanism modeling and both the inverse and forward kinematics is analytically solved by combining phases of the four limbs covering all the mechanism topologies.
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Gan, Dongming, Jian S. Dai, and Darwin G. Caldwell. "Constraint-Based Limb Synthesis and Mobility-Change-Aimed Mechanism Construction." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28865.

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Based on the newly invented reconfigurable Hooke joint which changes the joint property, this paper investigates synthesis of limbs using the new joint based on constraint analysis. The procedure of the limb synthesis is put forward to fully use the property of the new joint for generating the reconfigurable limbs. Further, the paper presents a way of synthesising the parallel mechanism with metamorphic characteristics by starting from the aim at mobility-change. This is then integrated into the forward-based limb synthesis. A general procedure is proposed and applied to construct two classes of metamorphic parallel mechanisms. Their topological configuration change is investigated by examining the constraint change stemming from the phase alteration of the reconfigurable Hooke joint.
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Fernandez, Ryan, Tricia Fernandez, Dane Fernandez, Badih Jawad, and Liping Liu. "A Study of Weight-Based Compensation for Asymmetric Upper Limb Growth Secondary to Pre-Pubertal Operative Humeral Epiphyseal Plate Damage." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71743.

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Injuries to the growth plate of the humerus can occur in children during motor vehicle accidents. These injuries can then lead to growth abnormalities and musculoskeletal issues as the child develops. This research was conducted to analyze and develop a solution to musculoskeletal strain caused by uneven weight distribution inherent in a case of upper limb length discrepancy. The issue is an imbalance due to the growth of a shorter humerus in the individual’s right upper limb (RUL) as the result of a prior surgery on the individual’s right humeral growth plate. This shortened RUL weighs less than the left upper limb (LUL). This effectively lowers the mass moment of inertia of the RUL, thus lowering the balancing moment on the torso. When the individual sprints during physical exercise, there is an imbalance in rotational momentum that is created between the two arms. This imbalance in momentum requires that the opposing lower limb of the shorter RUL, the individual’s left lower limb, drives harder, leading to eventual failure in the hip flexor. In order to solve this biomechanical problem, kinematic equations were developed to model the motion of a sprinter. These equations model the motions of the hands, torso, and legs. In particular, the model defines the influence of the imbalance of the upper limbs’ motion on the lower limbs’ motion, which results in a forward rotation of the torso while sprinting. To balance the rotational momentum of the upper limbs, a counter-acting weight was attached to the wrist of the RUL, minimizing the effects on the lower limb musculature. Hence, the left lower limb would not have to overcompensate for the shorter RUL’s lack of momentum. The equations were then reconfigured to account for the counterweight, and the effect was observed and analyzed. A simulation predicted an angle of tilt of up to 5.7° in the sagittal plane from the vertical. The force required to rotate the body to the normal position was 18N. This force was determined to cause a twist of 10.0° in the transverse plane from the frontal plane. While this study was conducted on an individual with a shortened right upper limb secondary to a surgical procedure, study results can readily be generalized to individuals with shortening of either upper limb secondary to other traumatic events, such as motor vehicle accidents.
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Olson, Weston R., and Panagiotis Polygerinos. "Towards a Soft Robotic 3rd Arm for Activities of Daily Living." In 2017 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2017-3323.

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Limb sensorimotor function plays an important role in activities of daily living (ADLs) and quality of life. Spinal cord dysfunctions, such as cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), often affect limb function and limit independence. In this paper, we apply technologies from the emerging field of soft robotics to develop Soft Robotic 3rd Arms (SR3As) that branch out of the body — thus providing an artificial limb that enables effective execution of ADLs for CSM patients and the like. Soft robotics is a fairly recent addition to the field of robotics. Differing from traditional, “hard”, robotics, soft robotics are made of flexible materials such as silicone rather than stiff materials such as metals. One such soft robotic actuator is the fiber-reinforced actuator (FRA). Fabricated utilizing a combination of silicone bladder(s) and inextensible materials, these actuators are able to perform one of various motions through changes of pressure [1]. Supernumerary limbs (3rd arms), in contrast, are extra robotic limbs that can function cooperatively or independently of the user’s own limbs. These differ from exoskeletal robotics, as they are not fixated to the user’s limb to augment strength, but rather are placed elsewhere on the body to assist in tasks that would otherwise require multiple people. Examples of such devices include MIT/Boeing’s supernumerary arms to assist in the assembly of aircraft fuselage [2] or the supernumerary hand Softhand [3]. Combining these two concepts, an articulate SR3A was created (Fig. 1). By replacing traditional actuators with soft actuators, the limb is not only lighter, but it also better replicates the equivalent human limb. In addition to these benefits, the SR3A would also need to be less expensive to fabricate and actuate than an arm using rigid body components. This paper presents the design of a proof-of-concept prototype of a SR3A utilizing soft robotic actuators that could be used to assist individuals with hand impairments perform ADLs.
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Dawley, James A., Andrew M. Romanazzi, and Kevin B. Fite. "Preliminary Evaluation of a Knee-Ankle-Foot Orthosis for the Emulation of Transfemoral Prosthesis Socket Loads." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53302.

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Control of prosthetic limbs using myoelectric muscle potentials from the wearer’s residual limb enables direct control of artificial limb behavior. The typical approach entails the integration of surface electromyogram (sEMG) electrodes within the inner wall of the socket interface, located to target specific superficial muscles in the amputee’s residual limb. While myoelectric upper-limb control is commonplace in prosthetic practice, its use in lower-extremity devices has been slow to follow suit. Various research efforts have studied approaches to implementing myoelectric control of artificial leg behavior [1–4], but the need for myoelectric control in lower-limb prostheses has been limited by the lack of commercial prototypes with the capability of net power generation.
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Reports on the topic "Limbe"

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Pritchard, Joy, H. R. Whay, and A. Brown. Hind limbs lesions. Brooke, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46746/gaw.2020.abi.les.hlimb.

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Pritchard, Joy, H. R. Whay, and A. Brown. Fore limbs lesions. Brooke, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46746/gaw.2020.abi.les.flimb.

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Brown, Ashleigh. Lower limb swelling. Brooke, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.46746/gaw.2020.abi.swl.

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Lucas, Jacqueline, Eric Connor, and Jonaki Bose. Back, Lower Limb, and Upper Limb Pain Among U.S. Adults, 2019. National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:107894.

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This report provides national estimates of any pain regardless of body region as well as estimates of back, upper limb (hips, knees, or feet) pain in the past 3 months among U.S. adults aged 18 and over by selected sociodemographic characteristics.
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Olsen, Carroll, and Bernard J. Havlovic. Lime Rates and Sources. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1321.

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Andrews, P. R. A., and A. Vagt. Limestone, calcite and lime. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328641.

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Lockwood, S. D., D. Hardin, G. J. Miller, C. Meesuk, and P. R. Straus. Definitions of Attributes for Limb-Scanning or Limb-Imaging Remote Sensing Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada294616.

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Kassel, Paul C. Lime and Tillage Research Project. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-2734.

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Kassel, Paul C. Lime and Tillage Research Project. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-1326.

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Ross, Bill, Hartmut Geyer, and Howie Choset. Triple Compliant Limbs with Adaptive Body Structure. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada586726.

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