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1
Daniels, Richard, Jiasheng Su, Falei Zhang, and Zhuangdou Zhang. "Closed-Loop Liming and Tanning Systems - 57." Verein für Gerberei-Chemie und -Technik e. V, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34409.
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To reduce the environmental impact of tanneries at source for all types of leather, a series of investigations started at laboratory, then large pilot scale, to rationalise liming and tanning processes. This included the elimination of washes at the end of these processes, with retention of residual processing floats at maximum concentration as a chemical resource for reuse in subsequent processing.
Adopted by four tanneries manufacturing more than 70,000 hides per week to the chromium tanned state, analysis detailing the equalisation of ions and solubles within these closed-loops was possible, and the subsequent release mechanisms.
Large scale wet blue units specifically built to match the technology are now in the final stages of construction. From foundation level these differ from normal design, also uses of equipment, management of discharges, and plant operation. Low-impact chemical processing is locked into the fabric of these new tanneries.
The technology has also spread to large scale nappa sheepskin production. And at cottage scale, thirty small tanneries in a tanning cluster processing sheep, goat, and bovine leathers to the wet blue are already changed their processing to meet a policy of no chromium discharges from their tanning areas by June 2019.
The aims of low-impact manufacture, where the use of active chemicals is complete, quality fully maintained, and waste minimised are being met. This new approach to leather making offers considerable benefits at both large and small scale for wet blue manufacture.
Take-Away:
Closed loop systems for liming and tanning are highly effective in leather manufacture.
Hight quality leathers can result fron this technology.
There are considerable savings in chemical use and minimisation of waste water treatment.
2
Loshkareva, I. I., and L. V. Roienko. "The soaking-liming factory workshop on leather manufacturing." Thesis, Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14565.
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The soaking-liming stage in the process of leather manufacturing has been investigated in the research.<br>У даній статті досліджується етап виробництва шкіри. З'ясовуються особливості обробки шкіри у відмочувально-зольному цеху.
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Yevtushok, D. P., and L. V. Roienko. "The peculiarities of the soaking-liming leather process." Thesis, Харківський національний університет імені В. Н. Каразіна, 2019. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/14566.
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The article is devoted to description of the main stages in the liming-soaking process of leather production.<br>Стаття присвячена опису головних етапів замочувально-зольного процесу виробництва шкіри.
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Wällstedt, Teresia. "Influence of acidification and liming on metals in lake sediments." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-471.
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<p>Emission and precipitation of acidifying substances and metals has caused severe acidification and increased metal concentrations in lakes and streams in Sweden as well as many other countries during the last decades. To counteract the negative effects of acidification, liming has been used extensively in Sweden since the 1970’s, a treatment that has been called one of the largest man-maid manipulations of aquatic ecosystems ever.</p><p>The aim of this thesis is to investigate the influence of acidification and liming on deposition of metals to lake sediments, and to look at the fate of metals in sediments during a possible reacidification process because of terminated liming.</p><p>Studies of both surface sediments and dated sediment profiles sampled from limed lakes and non-limed reference lakes indicated that liming causes increased sedimentation of many metals. Increased deposition to the sediments was found for Al, Cd, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn and Zn, probably as a direct result of the increased pH. Liming was also found to increase the deposition of As and Cr, but that was probably due to the secondary effect of association to Fe and Mn complexes. No influence of lime treatment on the deposition of Hg, Pb and V to lake sediments could be demonstrated. The studies also indicated that acidification can decrease the deposition of Cd, Fe, Mn and possibly also Co and Zn to the sediments.</p><p>The contribution from the used lime products to the metal load in sediments of lakes limed directly on the lake surface was also evaluated. The lime products were found to be an important source for Al, Cu and Ni and a relatively important source for Co, Cr, Hg and V, but did not seem to contribute much to the content of As, Cd, Pb or Zn in lake sediments.</p><p>An experimental study of reacidification showed that (re)mobilisation of metals, e.g Al, Cd, Mn and Zn, from sediments may occur and that reacidification of formerly lime treated lakes may contribute to increased concentrations of these metals in the lake water. Cu, Fe and Pb are less affected by pH changes and the concentrations of these metals will probably not increase in lake water during reacidification.</p><p>Altogether, the thesis shows that lime treatment causes increased deposition of many metals to the lake sediments, whereas reacidification may lead to remobilisation of some metals from the sediments with increased concentrations in the water phase as a result.</p>
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Wällstedt, Teresia. "Influence of acidification and liming on metals in lake sediments /." Stockholm : Dept. of Applied Environmental Science, Univ, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-471.
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Ferguson, Scott. "The effects of upland soil liming on drainage water quality." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386744.
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Myers, Jed Anthony. "Reduction in exchangeable magnesium upon liming acid soils of Ohio /." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260859494085.
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Bol, Roland Adrianus Phillippus Franciscus. "The effect of liming on the phenolic compounds in the soil." Thesis, Bangor University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.385807.
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Gao, Liming [Verfasser]. "Silver Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition for Microelectronic Metallization / Liming Gao." Aachen : Shaker, 2005. http://d-nb.info/1181610931/34.
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Amini-Ranjbar, Gholamreza. "Trace metals in soils - their extractabilities and the effects of liming." Thesis, University of Salford, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.280738.
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Lundqvist, Annika. "The Liming in Northern Sweden : the administrative handling of the scientific disputes." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Thematic Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2099.
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<p>During the last four decades, acidifications has been seen as a great environmental hazard. To combat the effects of the acidification, the Swedish government is funding liming of affected areas. This practice has been questioned in northern Sweden, since there is no general agreement about the origin of the acidity there. This thesis aims to explain the administrative handling of the scientific disputes, and thereby the relation between the responsible authority, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) and the research exrecised on the matter. Research findings are therefore compared with the content of interviews, performed by civil servants at SEPA. It is concluded that the liming in northern Sweden is a very complicated issue, involving many groups and individuals - so much so that it might not just be an issue of acidification science.</p>
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Hamilton, Elizabeth J. "Elemental concentration changes in soil and stockpiled tall fescue leaves after liming." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4595.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 7, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.
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Van, der Waals Johan Hilgard. "Slags as agricultural limes : reactivity and heavy metal and phosphorus bio-availability." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/29056.
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Norberg, Matilda. "A paleolimnological perspective on liming – implications for defining reference conditions in Swedish lakes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-20583.
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Using paleolimnological techniques, I have studied surface-water acidification and the effects of liming in Swedish lakes on a decadal to millennial time-scale. The overall objective was to contribute to the discussion on the fulfilment of goals within the Swedish liming program. One of the main goals of this program is to restore lakes to natural or nearly natural conditions, i.e. to a reference condition as termed in the EU Water Framework Directive. In this context, a key issue is to define reference conditions. This is a central theme of my thesis, as lake sediments offer a unique way to study past lake conditions. Past lake-water acidity of 12 reference lakes in the Swedish liming program (ISELAW) was determined using diatom analysis of sediment cores. Pollen, lead, and flyash from coal/oil combustion were used as indicators of impact from land use and atmospheric pollution. A general trend in these lakes is an initial decline in pH after lake formation due to natural soil processes, which was then followed by rather low pH values (pH 5.3-6.5). In six of the lakes pH increased as a result of expansion of agriculture (burning, forest grazing) 2000 to 1000 years ago. Local mining and long-range airborne pollution have also impacted the lakes since medieval time. These results show that the conditions of the study lakes were not natural prior to industrialization and recent (20th century) acidification. The ISELAW lakes were selected on the basis of representing typical limed lakes, and they have been limed and monitored since at least the 1980s. A comparison of chemical/biological monitoring data and the paleolimnological data gives somewhat diverging results. Most of the monitoring data suggest that the lakes were subjected to acidification during the 20th century, but the paleolimnological data can only identify clear evidence of acidification in five of the 12 lakes, hence, all lakes were probably not recently acidified. According to conclusions from monitoring the lakes have recovered following liming. The paleolimnological data give a more complex picture and three different responses have been identified: 1) a return to a diatom composition found in the lake one hundred to several thousand years ago; 2) very small shifts in the diatom composition; or 3) a diatom composition previously not found in the lake. The latter response raised the question whether liming can cause an unnatural diatom community. A comparison of diatoms in surface sediment samples of 31 limed lakes with pre-industrial reference samples from 291 lakes showed that liming does not create an unnatural diatom composition. These results illustrate that the goals for liming were not reached in all of the limed lakes, and that paleolimnology can play an important role for assessments of acidification and liming. The comparative study also highlights the importance of designing monitoring programs that can produce reliable and long data series. Given the results of the paleolimnological investigations, it is obvious that we cannot assume that the 19th century represented a natural or near natural state, and thus is a realistic reference conditions. Natural long-term lake development and previous land-use impacts need to be considered in defining reference conditions. Neither can we disregard the fact that humans always will impact nature. Although paleolimnological studies are time consuming, I believe that they could be simplified to the extent that paleolimnology could become a routine method for environmental management.
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Lu, Liming [Verfasser], Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] Schneider, and Max [Akademischer Betreuer] Ringlstetter. "Entwicklung der ausländischen Tochtergesellschaften in China / Liming Lu. Betreuer: Johannes Schneider ; Max Ringlstetter." Eichstätt-Ingolstadt : Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1070278076/34.
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Cai, Liming [Verfasser]. "Chemical Kinetic Mechanism Development and Optimization for Conventional and Alternative Fuels / Liming Cai." Aachen : Shaker, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1118259327/34.
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Tuivavalagi, Nacanieli Sikinairai. "Liming, potassium reactions and maize production in selected soils of the South Pacific." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262237.
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Huddleston, Annaliesa S. "The distribution and diversity of streptomycin-producing streptomycetes in Brazilian soil." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484192.
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Sandabe, Mohammed K. "The effect of liming on the quantity-intensity relationships of zinc fractions in soils." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327868.
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Literature was reviewed on zinc fractionation and factors affecting the availability of zinc to plants. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of liming on zinc fractions in soils. Liming decreased exchangeable zinc. However, no definite trend was observed in the other zinc fractions with increasing soil pH. An understanding of the distribution of zinc among various fractions in soils is important to understanding its soil chemistry. An experiment was further conducted to study the effect of liming and types of anion on the quantity-intensity relationships of zinc in soils. It was found that for all the soils, at the same level of added zinc, adsorption increased with increasing lime rates. Zinc adsorption isotherms with NO<SUB>3<SUP>-</SUB></SUP> and C1<SUP>-</SUP> as counter ions have smoother curves than with SO<SUB>4<SUP>2-</SUB></SUP> and H<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4<SUP>-</SUB></SUP>. The adsorption was highest with NO<SUB>3<SUP>-</SUB></SUP> and lowest with H<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4<SUP>-</SUB></SUP> as the background anion. Quantity and intensity factors influence the availability of nutrients in soils to plants. These factors describe what is referred to as the `labile pool'. Understanding of zinc labile pool is enhanced by radio isotope usage. Hence, an experiment was conducted to study the effect of liming on zinc labile pool as measured by the uptake of ryegrass utilizing the radioactive isotope of zinc. For both two harvests of perennial ryegrass there was a decrease in shoot zinc concentrtion and uptake with increasing lime rates. Higher zinc concentration was found in the soils with zinc-65 than without zinc-65. No definite trend was however observed in zinc labile pool with increasing lime rates. Several forms of zinc fertilizer are available for correcting zinc deficiency in soil. Variation in the ability of plants to absorb and utilize the different forms of zinc have been observed by many researchers. An experiment was conducted to study the effect of liming and types of complexing agent on the chemical composition of winter wheat grown on two soils of varying texture. The zinc forms differed significantly at the lime rate zero in relation to foliar zinc concentration. A decrease in shoot zinc concentration and uptake was observed with increasing lime rate. A similar trend was observed for one soil in relation to phosphorus concentration, except at the highest lime rate, where it remained fairly constant. There was however, an increase in shoot calcium concentration and uptake with increasing lime rate.
20
Crews, Jerry Thomas. "Use of FGD by-product as a liming substitute on an acidic forest soil /." The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487847761306282.
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Sanyi, Hassan H. A. R. "Effects of liming of upland soils on nutrient mobilities in relation to water quality." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1989. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU020937.
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The work in this thesis relates to understanding the potential effects of using surface liming of upland soils to ameliorate water acidification. Effects on vegetation, soil, and drainage water chemistry are considered. Part I of this thesis reviews the environmental conditions of British Uplands (climate, soils and vegetation), and the relevant literature on water acidification in North-East Scotland. In Part II, each chapter deals with materials, methods used, discussion of the results and conclusion for one of a series of individual experiments. This pattern is followed for a number of laboratory, greenhouse and field studies. Liming of different organic soils significantly increased only the surface layer pH of the soils. The consequence of surface liming should be highly beneficial in terms of water quality, since most of the precipitation in the catchment under consideration (Glendye) during heavy storms, when river acid episodes occur, drains near or over the surface. The effect of lime on pH below the surface should be considered after a year or more. Liming on the other hand increased the mineralisation of organic N and released NH4+ and NO3-. The balance between N mineralization and immobilization by vegetation and microbial biomass should be considered carefully for each individual soil and site. If the mobile NO3- reaches the river or streams and increases the NO3- to beyond an acceptable limit, this could be considered an adverse effect of liming. Although within the timescale of this project there was no adverse effect noticed on the heather under field conditions, the long term effects should be considered carefully in terms of changing vegetation pattern as a result of liming, which will favour growth of grass.
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Mengesha, Abi Taddesse. "Characterizing phosphate desorption kinetics from soil: an approach to predicting plant available phosphorous." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01212009-094137.
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Bäckman, Jenny. "Nitrification and nitrifying bacterial communities in coniferous forest soils : effects of liming and clear-cutting /." Linköping : Univ, 2003. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2002/tek809s.pdf.
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Pawlett, Mark. "The interaction between earthworms, liming and soil microbial community diversity and function in upland grassland." Thesis, University of East London, 2003. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3873/.
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Soil microbial effects of adding lime and earthworms to acidic upland grassland were investigated. Experiments were conducted in-situ, in an outdoor macrocosm and in laboratory microcosms. This was one of 16 team projects designed to assess biological diversity and ecosystem function in an upland grassland ecosystem as part of the UK NERC's Thematic Programme on Biological Diversity and Ecosystem Function in Soil. Liming had a much greater effect than earthworm additions. The majority of treatment effects were limited to the surface L, F and H horizons. Liming reduced microbial biomass (ATP analysis) and activity (dehydrogenase analysis) in the field studies, but did not affect microbial activity in the microcosm soil. Earthworms had no effect on microbial biomass or activity in the macrocosm or limed microcosm soil, but reduced both the microbial biomass and activity of the un-limed microcosm soil. Principal component analysis of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles separated the microbial community structure of the limed from the un-limed soil. Effects of liming common to all experiments included increases of the fatty acid 16:lco5 (indicative of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), monounsaturated straight chain fatty acids and an increased fungi :bacterial fatty acid ratio. The fatty acid 18:2co6 (indicative of ectomycorrhizal fungi) only increased in the Sweethope experiment. Both bacterial PLFAs and the trans:cis ratio of 16: Ico7 (indicating bacterial stress) were reduced. Substrate amendment increased CO 2 generation of the limed microcosm soil. Application of Grime's ecological strategy theory suggests that liming shifted the soil microbial community from a stress tolerator to a ruderal community. Earthworm effects on microbial fatty acid composition were limited. These affects were apparent in the un-limed but not the limed microcosm soil. Conversely, earthworms affected the limed rather than un-limed soil in the Sweethope experiment, but effects were only evident 17-months after earthworm additions. The biomass of A. chlorotica was correlated negatively to bacterial PLFA and positively to 16: Ico5. Earthworm faeces could be distinguished from surrounding soil by reduced Shannon diversity and evenness scores and shifts in PLFA profiles. The effect of earthworms on CO 2 generation of microcosm soil was minor in comparison to the effect of liming.
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Van, der Waals Johan Hilgard. "Heavy metal extractability and plant bioavailability from two sacrificial biosolids soils as influenced by intensive liming." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27672.
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The influence of pH on metal extractability from two sacrificial soils that received large amounts of biosolids was studied in four separate trials. The soils (Soil 1: gravelly sandy loam; Soil 2: sandy clay loam) were collected from different water treatment plants in Gauteng. Both soils had undergone significant changes in physical (organic carbon content) and chemical characteristics (pH, metal and nutrient content) due to the prolonged disposal of biosolids. A preliminary pot trial was conducted where large quantities of lime were added to the soils. Results indicated that the soils had high pH buffer capacities due to low pH and high organic matter content. An unexpected increase in the metals extracted with NH4EDTA after intensive liming lead to the performing of three further trials to shed light on the phenomenon. In the second trial lime was added to the soils at four rates (0, 12, 24, 36 tons ha-1). An increase in most NH4EDTA extractable metals was found and this was correlated with increasing absorbance values (at 465 nm) of the extracting solutions (indicating increased extractability of organic matter). In the third trial limed (27 ton ha-1) and unlimed samples were incubated over a period of 20 weeks with regular sampling intervals. The NH4NO3 extractable metals decreased significantly in the lime treated soils but the NH4EDTA extractable metals generally increased. A fourth trial was conducted due to concern regarding the increased EDTA extractable metals after liming and a possible correlation with plant metal bioavailability. The soils were incubated in pots with four lime rates (0, 12, 24, and 36 ton ha-1) and wheat and spinach grown for two months. Although similar trends as for the previous trials were obtained in terms of metal extractability, plant metal content was best correlated with NH4NO3 extraction levels. The results indicate that liming is a safe option for sacrificial soils and that NH4NO3 extractable and plant metal levels decrease with liming. The use of EDTA in metal guidelines or in soil metal content studies is discouraged due to its increased metal extractability with liming and poor correlation with plant metal content.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2005.<br>Plant Production and Soil Science<br>Unrestricted
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Budisantoso, Soeprapto. "Moisture distribution in soil irrigated with a line source subsurface trickle irrigation system." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/44111.
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Soil moisture distribution resulting from a line source subsurface trickle irrigation system
was studied on bare and cropped layered soils. The soil type was an Uchee loamy sand.
The Continuous System Modeling Program (CSMP) Model was used to simulate the soil
moisture distribution resulting from the linesource. The model was modified and developed in
FORTRAN programming language. The modification included the effects of layered soil, source
position, number of sources, soil evaporation and plant transpiration. The model was also used to
simulate daily and one-in-several-days irrigations.
Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the soil moisture retention
curve, the hydraulic conductivity, and soil moisture distribution from the line source. This data was
used for model verification with the lateral lines buried 13 inches below the soil surface and spaced
36 and 72 inches apart. Simulated and measured soil moisture distributions were in good agreement.
Simulated moisture distribution indicated that the wetting front expansion is more a function
of irrigation volume than irrigation rate. However, the irrigation rate does affect the soil moisture
distribution. A higher rate will result in a larger quantity of horizontal water movement. The simulation also indicated that a one-in-ten days irrigation causes more horizontal movement than a
daily irrigation.<br>Master of Science
27
Sikström, Ulf. "Growth and nutrition of coniferous forests on acidic mineral soils : status and effects of liming and fertilization /." Alnarp : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 2001. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/2001/91-576-6066-2.pdf.
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Wang, Liming [Verfasser]. "Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in intact mouse lungs : new insights into cellular mechanisms and therapeutic targets / Liming Wang." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1046563866/34.
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Lewis, Bethan Rhiannon. "Impact of catchment liming to mitigate acidification on water quality and macroinvertebrates in the Wye River System." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2006. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/56101/.
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i) Acid deposition has declined across Europe and North America but chemical and biological recovery in streams is slow. Mitigation techniques such as liming are still being considered, but they have seldom been evaluated across whole catchments. ii) At 42 stream sites in the upper catchment of the River Wye, macroinvertebrates and diatoms were evaluated as bio-indicators of water quality. Both groups indicated continued acidification in headwaters. iii) Chemical and biological responses to catchment liming in the upper Wye were assessed through a Before-Afler-Control-Impact (BACI) experiment across multiple limed, acid control and circumneutral reference sites. Liming did not change pH, alkalinity, calcium or aluminium at limed sites relative to acid controls because effects were small or masked by marked inter-annual variations in discharge. iv) There was no significant change in the abundance or richness of macroinvertebrate assemblages at treated sites in the first two post-liming years. Acid-sensitive species (e.g. Baetis rhodani) colonised some limed sites, but not at a significantly increased frequency. v) In-situ survival experiments revealed increased mortality in Baetis rhodani in limed and acid streams relative to circumneutral reference streams even following brief exposures. vi) These data illustrate that recent liming of streams in the Wye catchment has not yet changed stream chemistry sufficiently to support acid-sensitive macroinvertebrate assemblages similar to those found at circumneutral sites. Further lime applications and continued evaluation is recommended.
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Egan, Gary. "Understanding the functioning of managed grassland ecosystems : evidence of strong liming effects on multiple soil biogeochemical properties." Thesis, Ulster University, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.744766.
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Human-managed grasslands deliver a wide range of ecosystem services including food production and the regulation of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycles between aboveground and belowground compartments. Common management practices, however, such as animal grazing, agricultural liming and nutrient fertilization can greatly influence the functioning of grassland ecosystems and reduce their long-term sustainability. This PhD study has specifically addressed how grazing, liming and nutrient additions might affect soil biogeochemistry and aboveground-belowground interactions in a grassland experiment established in 1991 at Silwood Park, Berkshire, UK. Key findings from this study show how repeated liming applications have significantly (1) increased archaeal and bacterial (B) abundance while reducing fungal (F) abundance, (2) increased the C pool of soil smaller soil aggregate fractions (e.g. micro and silt clay aggregates), and (3) enhanced plant nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). Chronic nutrient fertilization has also significantly increased the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and decreased plant NUE. A novel result of this study is no change in Fungal and Bacterial gene copies in response to multiple nutrient additions. This suggests that fungal taxa are benefitting from labile resources and not all functional bacterial groups are benefitting from an increase in labile resources returned to the soil. These findings are state of the art and in line with papers that are questioning the classic model of the soil food web where bacteria predominantly metabolise labile detritus and fungi predominantly metabolise recalcitrant detritus. These resources were thought to form part of two distinct basal energy channels, however, the findings in this study support an emerging conceptual framework that understands the food web to have one continuous C pool that can at different times benefit both bacteria and fungi.
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Sabaliauskas, Paulius. "Skirtingų kalkinių medžiagų poveikis dirvožemio potencialiajam rūgštingumui ir judriajam aliuminiui." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130621_144358-65532.
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Magistro darbe tiriamas skirtingų kalkinių medžiagų poveikis dirvožemio potencialiajam rūgštingumui ir judriajam aliuminiui.
Darbo objektas – keturios kalkinės medžiagos: malta kreida, „Agrokalkės” (klinčių ir nedegtų kalkių miltelių mišinys), dolomitmičiai (dolomito atsijos), ir granuliuota kalkinė medžiaga „Kalktrąšė”.
Darbo metodai – kalkinėmis medžiagomis buvo pakalkintos dvi, pasotinto balkšvažemio Dystric Albeluvisol ir nepasotinto balkšvažemio Eutric Albeluvisol, lauko bandymų aikštelės; dirvožemio potencialusis rūgštingumas nustatytas laboratorijoje elektroniniu pH-metru, judriojo aliuminio kiekis Sokolovo metodu; gauti duomenys palyginti tarpusavyje matematiniais-statistiniais metodais.
Darbo rezultatai. Atlikus tyrimus nustatyta, kad efektyviausiai, bei statistiškai patikimai (p<0,05) dirvožemio rūgštingumą sumažino dulkios kalkinės medžiagos – kreida ir „Agrokalkės”. Stambesnės frakcijos, trupintos kalkinės medžiagos – dolomitmičių statistiškai patikimas poveikis nustatytas tik antrojoje bandymų aikštelėje nepasotintame balkšvažemyje Eutric Albeluvisol praėjus aštuoniolikai mėnesių po kalkinimo. Granuliuota kalkinė medžiaga „Kalktrąšė“ statistiškai nepatikimai veikė dirvožemio rūgštingumą. Efektyviausiai (99%) statistiškai patikimai (p<0,05), judriojo Al kiekį sumažino „Agrokalkės“. Taip pat efektyviai, kreida 97% ir dolomitmilčiai 79%, statistiškai patikimai (p<0,05) sumažino judriojo Al kiekį dirvožemyje. „Kalktrąšė“ iš visų tirtų kalkinių medžiagų prasčiausiai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]<br>The Master Thesis analyses the impact of different liming materials on potential soil acidity and mobile aluminium.
Object – four liming materials: powder chalk, agrolime (mixture of limestone and uncalcined lime powder), dolomite powder (dolomite siftings), and pelletized lime fertilizer “Kalktrąšė”.
Methods – two experimental field plots, Dystric Albeluvisol and Eutric Albeluvisol, had been limed using four different liming materials; potential soil acidity had been determined in the laboratory by the electronic pH-metre, the amount of mobile aluminium was estimated by Sokolov method; the obtained data were inter-compared by the mathematical-statistical methods.
Results. The research demonstrated that the use of powdered lime materials, i.e. chalk and agrolime, resulted in the most effective and statistically reliable (p<0.05) reduction of soil acidity. A statistically reliable impact of dolomite powder, a crushed lime material of larger fractions, was recorded only in the second testing ground, Eutric Albeluvisol, eighteen months after liming. Moreover, the effect of pelletized lime fertilizer “Kalktrąšė” on soil acidity was not statistically reliable. In contrast, agrolime was the most effective (99%) and statistically reliable (p<0.05) in reducing the amount of mobile aluminium. A similar, statistically reliable (p<0.05) impact was caused by chalk 97% and dolomite 79% powder (p<0.05), what reduce mobile Al in soil. Among all liming materials “Kalktrąšė” resulted in the... [to full text]
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Surawan. "The effects of localized lime placement on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nodulation, nutrient composition and plant growth /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69660.
Full textAbstract:
One of the major limitations to obtain satisfactory soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) yield in acid soils in many developing countries is the purchasability of liming materials. For many low income farmers, liming to the 'ideal' soil pH of 6.5 using conventional methods is usually too expensive. Pot and field studies were conducted to determine whether satisfactory soybean growth could be obtained by reducing the amount of lime applied and the volume of soil limed. The Quebec soils used in these studies were a Gray-brown Luvisol (pH 5.1) and a Humic Gleysol (pH 5.3) in the pot study and a Gray-brown Luvisol (pH 5.1) and a Dark-gray Gleysol (pH 6.1) in the field study.<br>Results suggest that localizing the lime in acid Quebec soils would be a more efficient use of the liming material. Further studies in tropical acid soils are required to determine if the localized placement of lime is a viable practice for third-world, low income farmers. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Wittich, William John. "New Automated Industrial Technologies for Improving Chemical Penetration of Bovine Pieces in the Raw Material Processing and Conditioning Areas of Gelatine Manufacture." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1115.
Full textAbstract:
The production of gelatine at Gelita N.Z. Ltd. is a time consuming process. The time limiting step in the process is the pre-treatment of the collagen tissue of the raw material in a lime/sodium sulfide solution. The liming solution breaks down the collagen in the tissue to gelatine. This is a necessary step prior to the extraction of gelatine from the hide pieces. The current liming process takes nearly 50 days to complete. Methods were investigated to increase the rate of penetration of the chemicals into the bovine hide raw material. An increase in the penetration of the liming solutions would lead to shorter processing times for this step in the process. The methods that were investigated were temperature controlled mixing, fluidization of the hide pieces and the use of ultrasound. Of all the methods tested, the fluidization of the hide pieces gave the best results. The pretreatment time of the hide pieces was reduced 9 days with this technique. Methods were also investigated to monitor the levels of conditioning in the raw material An accurate technique to measure hide conditioning was important to pilot plant trials. This helped determine how well any of the trail methods increased the penetration of chemicals into the hide pieces. The use of an ultraviolet dye proved an effective method of measuring conditioning for all the pilot plant trials. The level of chemical penetration was monitored by assessing the penetration of the UV dye. The penetration of the UV dye could be quantified by using imaging software. A possible method of monitoring conditioning in full-scale production was tested. It was determined that the glycosaminoglycans and soluble collagen released into the liming solution could be accurately measured, and related to the overall conditioning of the raw material.
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DiPaola, Louis George. "Surface application vs. incorporation of limestone for no-till alfalfa production." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43897.
Full textAbstract:
No-till alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) establishment is the only environmentally sound
procedure for alfalfa production on erodable land. Surface limestone application is the only reasonable
method of placement in no-til1 systems with pH below 6.5. The purpose of this research
was to evaluate surface limestone application vs. incorporation throughout the plow layer for alfalfa
production in acidic soils. In this study limestone placement included: 1. incorporation during
tillage operations, 2. surface application after tillage and preparation of seedbed, and 3. surface application without tillage. Limestone was applied at 0, 1.25, 2.50, and 5.00 tons per acre with each
placement method. Limestone treatments were imposed on 30 Sept. 1986 in Montgomery County,
VA (37° 1lâ N, 80° 25â W and 1950 ft. elevation) on a Groseclose silt loam (clayey, mixed, mesic
Typic Hapludult) having a pH of 5.6 in the top 9 inches. Limestone treatments were imposed at
a second site on 25 Nov. 1986 in Orange County, VA (38° l3â N, 70° 7â W and 515 ft. elevation)
on a Davidson clay loam (clayey, oxidic, thermic Rhodic Paleudult) having a pH of 5.7 in the top
9 inches. 'Cimmeronâ alfalfa was planted using no-till procedures on 23 March 1987 in
Montgomery County and on 26 Aug. 1987 in Orange County. Soil samples were taken about 2
years after limestone application at depths of 0 to 1, 1 to 2, 2 to 3, and 3 to 6 inches for surface
applied treatments and 0 to 3, 3 to 6, and 6 to 9 inches for incorporated treatments. Soil samples
w0ere also taken at a depath of 18 to 24 inches whenre limestone was incorpdorated during tillage at
5 tons per acre. Four harvests were made in 1988. At both locations, limestone application
increased yields by 114 to 300% as compared with the check where no limestone was applied.
Yields from plots receiving surface limestone application were equal to plots with incorporation at
both locations. Tillage did not increase yields as compared with no tillage except in Orange County
on plots where no limestone was applied. Soil pH increased from 5.6 to 6.8 at the 1- to
2-inch depths and from 5.6 to 6.3 at the 2- to 3-inch depths where 5 tons per acre of limestone were surface
applied in Montgomery County. In Orange County, soil pH increased from 5.5 to 6.5 at the 1- to
2-inch depths and from 5.6 to 6.1 at the 2- to 3-inch depths where 5 tons per acre limestone were
surface applied. Above pH 5.5, Al saturation was below 2.7% in Montgomery County and 0.7%
in Orange County. Aluminum saturation averaged 9.0% and 4.6% where pH was between 5.0 and
5.5 in Montgomery and Orange Counties, respectively. At both locations, in the 18- to 24-inch
depths a pH of 4.8 was not influenced by limestone incorporated at 5 tons per acre. Aluminum
saturation at 18- to 24-inch depths was 51% and 62% in Montgomery and Orange Counties, respectively.
These data indicate that surface applied limestone can produce first year alfalfa yields
similar to yields obtained with incorporated limestone.<br>Master of Science
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Goupil, Kassandre. "Effects of Liming on Soil Respiration, Fungi Diversity and Abundance in a Metal-Contaminated Region in Northern Ontario." Thesis, Laurentian University of Sudbury, 2014. https://zone.biblio.laurentian.ca/dspace/handle/10219/2196.
Full textAbstract:
At present, little is known concerning the fungi communities inhabiting the Greater Sudbury Region. This study aimed at identifying the fungal species and abundance in limed and unlimed areas contaminated with metals. Samples were collected from the LFH soil layer from Wahnapitae Hydro-Dam, Daisy Lake, Kingsway, Kelly Lake, Hagar, Onaping Falls and Capreol. Limed and unlimed areas were compared for soil metals, pH, fungi diversity, abundance and seasonal soil respiration. Fungi from soil samples were cultured using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar and Malt Extract Agar. A total of 52 fungi species from 34 genera were identified. There was a significantly higher fungal diversity in the limed areas compared to the samples from unlimed sites based on SDA medium data. Fungi abundance followed the same trend. Significantly higher soil respiration rates were recorded for limed sites compared to unlimed sites. Summer soil respiration rates correlated (r = 0.50) with total fungal abundance.
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Coahran, David Alan. "Effects of liming on plankton and young-of-the-year bluegill growth in Flat Top Lake, West Virginia." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41973.
Full textAbstract:
The responses at three trophic levels (phytoplankton, zooplankton, young-of-the-year bluegill) were compared between a limed and unlimed arm in a moderately fertile, circumneutral reservoir that was sensitive to acidification, but had not yet shown signs of damage. The east arm (25.5 ha) of Flat Top Lake was treated with 28.8 dry metric tonnes of calcite using slurry box technology between July 13-20, 1987. The design was confounded because calcite dissolution products diffused into the unlimed (west) arm after the treatment which made total alkalinity similar between the arms within 1 month. Phytoplankton gross productivity and chlorophyll a was similar between the arms for the pre- and post-treatment samples as well as for the period after the treatment when total alkalinity was relatively higher in the limed arm. Zooplankton biomass was higher in the unlimed than limed arm in the pre-treatment samples but was similar between the arms in the post-treatments samples; however, the changes in zooplankton biomass after treatment in the limed arm could not be attributed to the treatment. Phytoplankton community composition for the common netplankton and nannoplankton was similar between the limed and unlimed arms for the combined pre- and post-treatment samples: however, Gemellicystis spp., Gloeocystis spp., and Dinobryon spp. showed an order of magnitude higher density in the limed relative to the unlimed arm on the initial post-treatment sample. This difference, as well as the observed post-treatment differences in zooplankton community composition between the two arms could not be attributed to the treatment because there were minimal impacts on nutrient levels (e.g., CO2, total phosphorus) and zooplankton-phytoplankton interactions. Lake transparency was significantly deeper in the limed arm relative to the unlimed arm for the post-treatment samples; however, a corresponding lower dissolved organic carbon concentration was not measured in the limed arm. Young-of-the-year bluegill (e.g., primarily those 15-20 d old) showed significantly higher growth rates in the unlimed arm during the period when total alkalinity was higher in the limed arm, apparently due to a higher density of suitable pelagic zooplankton in the unlimed arm during this period. In conclusion, no significant positive or negative responses to the treatment were detected because of trophic level interactions. The high pre-treatment pH (7.07), small change in post-treatment pH, low dissolution percentage (8-10%), the inability of the sediment dose to neutralize the acidic sediments and induce phosphorus release, and phosphorus rather than carbon dioxide limited primary productivity were the main factors why no significant post-treatment biological responses were detected.<br>Master of Science
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Gustavsson, Maria. "Kalkningseffekter på plankton : ett mesokosmexperiment i den kalkrika sjön Tåkern." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Biologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130869.
Full textAbstract:
One of today's major environmental issues is algal blooms linked to eutrophication of lakes and oceans. That is a result of anthropogenic influence with nutrient loads (including phosphorus) from agriculture and industry, which benefits primary production (phytoplankton). Studies have shown that phosphorus availability in the water column can be limited by liming, therefore could be a way to counteract eutrophication. This was tested in the agriculturally surrounded lake Tåkern in southern Sweden, which in its present state is an internationally important bird lake and therefore in several respects would be affected by eutrophication. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether liming would be a good solution to solve any future eutrophication problems in Lake Tåkern. Liming experiments were performed in mesocosms during April 2015 with a mixture of limestone and slaked lime. Quantity and diversity of plankton and water chemical variables were measured before and after liming. Moreover, samples of phytoplankton from a similar experiment conducted in July 2014 were analyzed. Liming did not show any effect on neither phyto- nor zooplankton when performed in spring of 2015. During summer of 2014, there was an increase in number of phytoplankton (ml-1 ) and chlorophyll in controls while the study showed constant levels in treated mesocosms. For zooplankton there was no significant effects of liming on neither quantity nor diversity. Results of this study suggest that liming is not the most appropriate method to resolve eutrophication in Lake Tåkern.
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Montalvo, Grijalva Daniela Fernanda. "Nitrogen and Phosphorus Availability and Liming Effect of Poultry Layer Manures in North Carolina Coastal Plain and Piedmont Soils." NCSU, 2008. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-09192008-165401/.
Full textAbstract:
Nutrient availability from poultry manures can be affected by soil types and manure processing. Estimates of nutrient release from manures are important when recommending their use. Three separate laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate N and P availability, and liming value of poultry layer manures (fresh, composted, and pelleted) with surfaces samples of three NC soils: Belhaven (loamy, mixed, dysic, thermic Terric Haplosaprists), Cecil (fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults), and Lynchburg (fine-loamy, siliceous, semiactive, thermic Aeric Paleaquults). The N incubation compared N mineralization from poultry manures and urea, applied at a rate of 133 µg N cm-3 soil (200 kg ha-1) and incubated for 90 days. Net N mineralized from the manures was described by a single pool first order kinetic model. Potential available N, estimated as the proportion of applied N, was greater for the fresh and composted manures than for the pelleted source in the three soils investigated. Nitrogen availability in fresh, composted, and pelleted manures for the Belhaven soil was 57, 53, and 46 % of total N applied, respectively; 83, 73, and 61 % of total N applied in the Lynchburg soil; and 41, 33, and 25 % for the same order of manure sources in the Cecil soil. The 21 day lime incubation compared poultry manure rates of 1333 and 2667 µg cm-3 of soil (2 and 4 t ha-1) with multiple rates of CaCO3. Liming materials in all the manures were just as effective in neutralizing soil acidity as equivalent amounts of CaCO3. Nitrification of manure N, however, can reduce the net liming effect by the release of H+. The 21 day P incubation experiment compared available P from the manures applied at rates of 1333 and 2667 µg cm-3 of soil (2 and 4 t ha-1) with multiple rates of Ca(H2PO4)2. A linear relationship across all P sources and rates was the best estimator of the increase in Mehlich-3 extractable P per unit of P added. These results suggested that P from the manures behaved similar to inorganic P fertilizer. Treatments in a subsequent greenhouse experiment were designed to evaluate millet [Urochloa ramosa (L.) T. Q. Nguyen] response to N, P and lime supplied in manures. Plant available N from the manures, estimated from the urea-N fertilizer equivalence of plant N accumulation, followed the decreasing order of fresh > composted > pelleted. This ranking among manures is similar to that obtained in the N incubation study. Millet dry matter and nutrient accumulation at targeted levels of N supply and soil values of Mehlich-3 P and pH were similar between treatments of manure supplemented with P fertilizer and lime, and treatments receiving only inorganic fertilizers and lime. These results indicate that optimum plant growth in manure amended systems requires the appropriate identification and correction of soil N, P and/or acidity constraints. Type of manure processing affects total N availability, and soil properties such as texture and buffer capacity can influence N mineralization and soil available P.
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Andersson, Stefan. "Influence of liming substances and temperature on microbial activity and leaching of soil organic matter in coniferous forest ecosystems /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5850-1.pdf.
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Castro, Filho Celso de. "Effects of liming on characteristics of a Brazilian oxisol at three levels of organic matter as related to erosion." Connect to resource, 1988. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1261406339.
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Mulenga, Peter Chikombo. "Effects of applied micronutrients and liming on grain yield and plant composition on three ferralsols on North-Western Zambia." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301213.
Full textAbstract:
Review of the literature suggested possible deficiencies of micronutrients in soils of North Western Zambia. Soil analysis, pot and field experiments were employed to investigate possible deficiencies. The pot experiments investigated how raising soil pH through liming influenced extractable micronutrients and their uptake by plants. Plant Mo and Ca were positively correlated with soil pH, while Mn and Zn were inversely correlated, aggravating the zinc inadequacy on all soils and that for Mn on arenosols. Effects of liming on plant uptakes of micronutrients generally followed the same trends as those on soil extraction. Incubating the soil under grass house conditions was found to influence amounts of extractable micronutrients, increasing most times above their levels before the soil was incubated. Field experiments generally showed that applying micronutrients were beneficial to crop yield only at some sites. Grain yield variables responded variously and were most significantly correlated with overall grain yield. Soil analysis usefully predicted deficiencies of Zn for both maize and soybean. However, predictions for B and Mo were ideal for soybean than maize. Cu also seemed to have been wrongly predicted for soybean. However, plant nutrient concentration was better at predicting nutrient status in relation to grain yield, but the lower limits of the suggested optimal concentration ranges may need to be worked out again. Soybean was found to have more micronutrient latent deficiencies at majority of the sites than maize. One of the characteristics of applied micronutrients was their beneficial residual effects of crop yield. The residual benefit was also noticed on maize when the fertilisers were directly applied to soybeans a season before, suggesting a possibility of crop rotation, thus spreading the costs. Results would suggest changing the current fertiliser recommendations in the region.
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Yusiharni, Baiq Emielda. "An evaluation of chicken litter ash, wood ash and slag for use as lime and phosphate soil amendments." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0078.
Full textAbstract:
[Truncated abstract] Standard AOAC methods of chemical analysis have been used to characterize and evaluate the industrial byproducts; partly burnt chicken litter ash (CLA), totally burnt chicken litter ash (CLAT), wood ash (WA) and iron smelting slag for use as a combined liming agent and phosphate fertilizer. Rock phosphate has this function and was included for comparison purposes. All the byproducts had pH values above 9 and a liming capacity above 90% of pure lime, as a result, these materials will be effective as liming agents. Total P concentrations for CLA, CLAT, slag, and WA were 3.6%, 4.75%, 0.26%, and 0.44% respectively indicating that they could be used as P fertilizers when applied at the high rates required for liming soils. ... The RE values for all the materials relative to monocalcium phosphate (100%) for the first harvest are as follows, 50% for dicalcium phosphate, 31% for rock phosphate, 7% for partly burnt chicken litter ash, 7% for totally burnt chicken litter ash and 1% for wood ash and slag. The RE values for the second harvest were 100% for monocalcium phosphate, 80% for dicalcium phosphate, 40% for rock phosphate, 10% for partly burnt chicken litter ash, 8% for totally burnt chicken litter ash and 2% for wood ash and slag. Data for subsequent harvests are not reported due to the death of many plants. Clearly chicken litter ash has appreciable value as a phosphate fertilizer whereas wood ash and slag are ineffective. Explanations for these differences in effectiveness are discussed in the text. An evaluation of the liming effect of the byproducts indicates that they may be used as a soil amendment on acid soils and are nearly as effective as standard lime (CaCO3). Byproducts are also sources of other plant nutrients so they may be regarded as a form of compound fertilizer and liming agent.
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Jezile, G., D. Westfall, G. Peterson, DR Child, DP Turner, and Averbeke W. Van. "Effects of liming on microbial activity and N mineralization in broiler manure-amended soils from Bizana, Eastern Cape, South Africa." Taylor & Francis, 2008. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001059.
Full textAbstract:
A laboratory incubation study was conducted to determine the effects of liming on microbial activity and N mineralization
in two Bizana soils amended with broiler manure. The experimental layout was a 4 x 3 complete factorial
experiment with three replicates, arranged in a randomized design. Soil pH, CO2 evolution, and mineral
N concentration were measured. After 56 days the soil pH ranged from 4.50 to 5.74 and 4.99 to 5.94, in the
Magusheni and Nikwe soils, respectively. The effect of liming on microbial activity and N mineralization differed
between the soils. In the Nikwe soil (acid saturation 4.0%), microbial activity and N mineralization increased as
the rate of broiler manure application was raised, but liming had no effect. In the Magusheni soil (acid saturation
25%), microbial activity increased as both lime and chicken manure application rates increased, but liming
reduced N mineralization, suggesting N immobilization was being driven by an active microbial population in the
limed soils. The rates of lime and/or chicken manure application, percentage Ca2+ and soil acid saturation were
important factors influencing microbial activity and N mineralization, but the effect of soil pH on N mineralization
was not evident in either of the soils.
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Chintala, Rajesh. "Lime induced changes in the surface and soil solution chemistry of variable charge soils." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5552.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 128 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.
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Machado, Ângela Franciely. "Dissolução, doses de calcário, métodos e disponibilidade de nutrientes em cinco solos do Tocantins." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/961.
Full textAbstract:
Na rápida ocupação dos solos do Tocantins pelo cultivo de soja, tem se observado a aplicação de doses elevadas de calcário e em período muito próximo do plantio. O tempo insuficiente para dissolução ou a dose elevada do corretivo promove um desequilíbrio químico no solo, com consequente redução na disponibilidade da maioria dos nutrientes. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar o efeito de doses e tempos de incubação do corretivo da acidez nos atributos químicos de solos do Tocantins. O trabalho foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 10 tratamentos obtidos em um esquema fatorial 5X2, combinando cinco doses de calcário (0; 2,0; 4,0; 6,0 e 8,0 t ha-1) e dois períodos de incubação (15 e 60 dias). Os solos usados na incubação foram: Plintossolo Pétrico, textura argilosa (Buritirana); Latossolo Vermelho, textura argilosa (Buritirana); Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, textura média (Gurupi); Neossolo Quartzarenico, textura arenosa (Gurupi) e Neossolo Quartzarenico, textura arenosa (Guaraí). Os teores de alumínio e acidez potencial (H+Al) foram reduzidos e os teores de cálcio e magnésio foram elevados significativamente com o aumento da dose de calcário aplicada. Para a construção da fertilidade do Plintossolo Pétrico (Buritirana) e Latossolo Vermelho (Buritirana) foram necessárias 6 t ha-1 para os alcançar valores ideais de Ca, Mg, Al e pH aos 60 dias após aplicação. Aos 15 dias essa construção é alcançada na dose de 8 t ha-1. A construção da fertilidade do Latossolo Vermelho Amarelo (Gurupi), foi alcançada com a dose de 4 t ha-1 aos 60 dias. Já para o Neossolo Quartzarenico de Guaraí e Gurupi a aplicação de 2 t ha-1 do corretivo de acidez do solo foram suficientes para neutralizar a acidez trocável e elevar o valor de pH aos 60 dias após aplicação, contudo, não foi suficiente para a construção da fertilidade em cálcio e magnésio.<br>In the fast occupation of Tocantins soils by soybean cultivation, it has been observed in high doses of limestone and in a period very close to the plan. Insufficient time to dissolve or a high dose of the corrective promotes a chemical imbalance in the soil, with consequent reduction in the availability of most nutrients. Thus, the effect of doses and the incubation times of the acidity corrector and the chemical attributes of Tocantins soils were evaluated. The work was conducted in a completely randomized design with 10 treatments obtained in a 5X2 factorial scheme, combining five doses of limestone (0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 t ha-1) and two treatments Incubation periods (15 and 60 days). The soils used in the incubation were: Petric Plinthsol, clay texture (Buritirana); Red Latosol, clayey texture (Buritirana); Red-Yellow Latosol, medium texture (Gurupi); Quartzarenic Neosol, sandy texture (Gurupi) and Quartzarenic Neosol, sandy texture (Guaraí). The content of aluminum and potential acid (H+Al) were reduced and calcium and magnesium contents were increased with increasing limestone dose applied. For the construction of the fertility of the Petric Plinthsol (Buritirana) and Red Latosol (Buritirana), 6 t ha-1 are required to reach ideal values of Ca, Mg, Al and pH at 60 days after application. At 15 days this construction is achieved at a dose of 8 t ha-1. The construction of the fertility of the Red- Yellow Latosol (Gurupi), was dosed with a dose of 4 t ha-1 at 60 days. For the Quartzarenic Neosol of Guaraí and Gurupi, an application of 2 t ha-1 of the soil acidity corrector to neutralize the exchangeable acidity and raise the pH value to 60 days after application is not enough for a fertility construction in calcium and magnesium.
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Wang, Liming [Verfasser], Erwin Akademischer Betreuer] Klumpp, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schäffer, and Alina Reghina [Akademischer Betreuer] Adams. "Specification of phosphorus compounds in tangelhumus forest soils by novel NMR techniques / Liming Wang ; Erwin Klumpp, Andreas Schäffer, Alina Reghina Adams." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1215927576/34.
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Sheng, Liming [Verfasser]. "The role of Notch signaling pathway in cisplatin sensitivity and radiation sensitivity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma / Liming Sheng." Berlin : Medizinische Fakultät Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1153768720/34.
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Wang, Liming Verfasser], Erwin [Akademischer Betreuer] Klumpp, Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schäffer, and Alina Reghina [Akademischer Betreuer] Adams. "Specification of phosphorus compounds in tangelhumus forest soils by novel NMR techniques / Liming Wang ; Erwin Klumpp, Andreas Schäffer, Alina Reghina Adams." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1215927576/34.
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Dookie, Edris Kamal. "Effects of limestone applications and tillage on Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) growth in acid soils of the intermediate savannahs of Guyana." Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=72837.
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Silva, Geanderson Nascimento da. "Atributos químicos do solo após aplicação superficial de calcário em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária sob plantio direto no cerrado." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/3025.
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Previous issue date: 2013-05-08<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES<br>In integrated crop-livestock under no-tillage, liming is done on the
surface, it is possible that changes occur in the handling of the limestone in depth as
a function of grazing. This study was conducted to evaluate attributes related to soil
acidity after surface liming in integrated crop-livestock under no-tillage, subjected to
grazing intensities in the Cerrado. The study was conducted at the Universidade
Federal de Goiás/Campus Jataí, of a Red Latosol (Oxisol). The treatments consisted
of different heights pasture management: 25, 35 and 45 cm and area without grazing,
arranged in blocks randomly. Were applied to 2.4 Mg ha-1 lime with effective
neutralization value 80 % in surface soil after the harvest of soybean (March 2012).
Soil samples were colleted depths: 0-2.5, 2.5-5.0, 5.0-7.5, 7.5-10.0, 10.0-15.0, 15, 0-
20.0 and 20.0-30.0 cm for the evaluation of chemical attributes before liming, seven
months (end of the grazing cycle 2012) and 12 months (end of the cycle of soybeans
in 2013) after liming. A greater correction of soil acidity in the system crop-livestock
compared without grazing area in the same evaluation time, especially when that 12
months after the realization of liming. The different assessment times crop-livestock
improved soil chemical properties in the first layer of soil, and soil acidity conditions
worsened in depth in all areas, except in the smallest grazing intensity.
Keywords: chemical<br>Em sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária sob plantio direto a
aplicação do calcário é feita em superfície, sendo possível que ocorra modificações
na movimentação do calcário em profundidade em função do pastejo. Esse trabalho
foi conduzido objetivando avaliar atributos químicos relacionados a acidez do solo
após aplicação superficial de calcário em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária
sob plantio direto, submetido a intensidades de pastejo no Cerrado. O estudo foi
conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Federal de Goiás/Campus de
Jataí, em um Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico. Os tratamentos consistiram de
diferentes alturas de manejo da pastagem: 25, 35 e 45 cm e área sem
pastejo,disposto em delineamento em blocos ao acaso. Foram aplicados 2,4 Mg ha-1
calcário com PRNT de 80%, em superfície do solo, após a colheita da cultura da
soja (março 2012). Amostras de solo foram coletadas nas profundidades de: 0-2,5;
2,5-5,0; 5,0-7,5; 7,5-10,0; 10,0-15,0; 15,0-20,0 e 20,0-30,0 cm para avaliação dos
atributos químicos antes da calagem, sete meses (final do ciclo de pastejo 2012) e
12 meses (final do ciclo da soja 2013) após a calagem. Houve maior correção da
acidez do solo no sistema integração lavoura-pecuária comparado área sem pastejo
numa mesma época de avaliação, principalmente quando decorridos 12 meses da
realização da calagem. Nas diferentes épocas de avaliações a integração lavourapecuária
melhorou as propriedades químicas do solo na primeira camada de solo, e
as condições de acidez do solo pioraram em profundidade em todas as áreas,
exceto na menor intensidade de pastejo.